The person writes frequently. Complications and consequences. Physiological causes of frequent urination

Urologists note that frequent urination in men is considered a very common symptom. A normal adult male excretes approximately 1500 ml of urinary fluid per day, and with this volume, the frequency of urination should be six to ten times. Of course, these data are individual, and are largely dependent on the nature of a person’s diet, on the drinking regimen, as well as on general condition health.

With such a complaint as frequent urination, men are in no hurry to see a doctor. And completely in vain: early stages most of the diseases that cause such a symptom are quite successfully treatable.

Causes of frequent urination in men

A number of reasons that affect the frequency of the urge to urinate in male patients are divided into two groups:

• physiological reasons associated with dietary and drinking habits - for example, the total daily volume of urine may increase due to increased amount plant foods, tea, coffee and spirits (especially beer);
• pathological causes, which are caused by the disease and are usually accompanied by other uncomfortable symptoms (pain, cramps, discharge, etc.).

Among the diseases that can affect the frequency of urine output in men, the following can be mentioned:

• Prostatitis is an inflammatory reaction in the tissues of the prostate.
• Adenoma is a benign growth of prostate tissue.
• Sexually transmitted infections (trichomoniasis, gonorrhea, chlamydia).
• Pyelonephritis is an inflammatory reaction in the renal pelvis and urea.
• Urethritis is inflammation in the urethra.
• Increased activity(hypertrophied activity) Bladder.
• Diabetes.

Risk factors

Risk factors for increased urination in men can be:

• Age The risk of frequent urination increases significantly after the age of 50.
• family predisposition- men who have close relatives with prostate or kidney disease have Great chance also get sick with a similar pathology.
• Region of residence, unfavorable environmental conditions– in areas with increased radioactivity, as well as in large industrial centers, the likelihood of malignant lesions urinary system rises significantly.
• Nutrition Features- predominantly used meat food increases the risk of developing diseases that lead to increased urination in men.

Pathogenesis

Normal daily male body displays through the urinary apparatus 75% of the fluid consumed. The rest of the percentage is withdrawn from stool, with sweat, with exhaled air. The number of approaches to urination for each man may be different, and for the most part depends on the amount of fluid consumed the day before, as well as on the abundance of salt in the diet. On average, the daily frequency of urination can vary from 5-6 to ten times.

Urinary fluid accumulates in the bladder, which normally has a capacity of approximately 0.3 liters. But this indicator is also unstable: the volume of the bladder can change, depending on the individual characteristics of the male body.

A healthy man can consciously restrain the urge to urinate and control the fullness of the bladder. Do emotionally unbalanced people urination may occur more often, as they have hypertrophied sensitivity of nerve endings localized in the walls of the bladder. In a similar way, the sensitivity of receptors increases during an inflammatory process, or during hypothermia.

In addition, a man has a prostate gland next to the urethra: as it grows, it can put pressure on the urinary organs, causing both increased urination and difficulty in excreting urine.

Symptoms of frequent urination in men

If frequent urination is associated with everyday physiological factors - eating habits or drinking fluids - then additional symptoms are usually not observed. With pathologically frequent urination, other complaints may be present:

• soreness, burning sensation when urinating;
• periodic interruption of the jet;
• inability to urinate even if there is an urge;
• additional discharge from the urethra;
• increase in body temperature;
• general weakness feeling tired and exhausted, loss of appetite;
• lower back pain - bilateral or unilateral.

The first signs of different patients can manifest themselves in different ways: however, frequent urination usually becomes exactly the symptom with which a man turns to a doctor for help. However, there are a number of additional signs and complaints that can be no less disturbing than frequent urination:

• Frequent urination in men without pain is often a sign of an "overactive bladder" this condition is usually not accompanied by any additional features, and is a consequence of tumor processes in the brain, head trauma, urinary tract obstruction, or age-related changes in the bladder.
• Frequent urination in men at night in many cases means an adenoma - a benign tumor in the prostate that presses on the urethra. With this disease, urine output is weak, sometimes intermittent. AT advanced cases there is nocturnal urinary incontinence.
• Frequent urination in men during the day may be associated with the peculiarities of nutrition and fluid intake: for example, the predominance of plant foods in the diet, as well as a rich drinking regimen, always lead to an increase in the urge to urinate. This condition is usually not accompanied by any other pathological symptoms.
• Frequent urination in the morning in men is often considered quite normal unless it is accompanied by other painful symptoms. During the night, concentrated urinary fluid accumulates in the bladder, and in the morning the urge to urinate resumes: the urinary system begins to work after a night's rest.
• Frequent urination in men with pain (in the back, in the groin) is a symptom urolithiasis. When urine moves along the canal, stones and sand can also move, which provoke the appearance of acute pain. In such cases, the urge to urinate is sometimes subjective.
• Frequent urination in men and burning sensation can be signs of urogenital infections or diseases that are sexually transmitted. In addition to burning, there may be cramps and pathological discharge from the urethra.
• Frequent profuse urination in men always raises the suspicion of diabetes: to make sure that there is no disease, it is necessary to take a blood test for sugar. In addition, you need to keep track of the liquid you drink for several days - perhaps the reason is banal and consists in the excessive consumption of various drinks throughout the day.
• Frequent urination with blood in men is a common symptom that accompanies renal colic, when a stone moving along the urinary tract irritates the mucous membrane, which causes tissue bleeding.
• Pain in the lower abdomen in men and frequent urination - in most cases, these symptoms indicate cystitis. The pains are dull, aching, and only with running process- intense and cramping. Cramping, burning, and even urinary incontinence may also be present.
• Lower back pain and frequent urination in men may indicate the development of pyelonephritis. The disease is accompanied by back pain, frequent urge, swelling. Important diagnostic value in this situation has blood biochemistry and general analysis urine.
• Pain in the groin and frequent urination in men is observed with prostate adenoma: pain in this case associated with difficulty in the outflow of urine due to compression and curvature of the urethra. Pain is most characteristic of the later stages of adenoma development.
• Frequent urination in men and pain in the kidneys indicate violations renal function, which can be expressed in the development of pyelonephritis or glomerulonephritis, or in the formation of stones. Pain in the kidneys can be constant or intermittent, unilateral or bilateral, dull or paroxysmal.
• Temperature and frequent urination in men are observed with inflammation of the kidneys - for example, with pyelonephritis or glomerulonephritis. The condition is often accompanied by pain in the lower back, fever, and increased sweating.
• Frequent urination in older men is quite common and can have many causes. Age-related changes can affect both the urinary and reproductive systems. So, in old age, chronic pyelonephritis, prostatitis, prostate adenoma, as well as disorders are often diagnosed. metabolic processes and diabetes. It is because of this that in old age men are advised to visit doctors regularly for preventive examinations.
• Itching and frequent urination in men may be associated with urethritis, the most common disease of the male urogenital area. Itching usually occurs in the early stages of the disease, with urethral discharge and swelling occurring in later stages. Itching can also be associated with genital infections.
• Bloody urine and frequent urination in men are more often associated with prostatitis or other pathologies prostate. However, this symptom is considered too serious to independently assume one or another diagnosis: if urine with blood is found against the background of frequent urination, it is recommended to diagnose and begin treatment of the underlying disease as early as possible.
• Frequent urination in men after sex happens after prolonged abstinence from sexual contact. In such a situation, stagnation of the seed in the tubules can lead to an inflammatory process. As a result, both the prostate and the bladder become inflamed, which leads to increased urination after each subsequent sexual intercourse.
• Frequent urination in men after ejaculation can also be the result of hormonal failure. Thus, a deficiency of certain hormones can lead to thinning of mucous tissues. urogenital apparatus which, in turn, makes them vulnerable and susceptible to various infections. As a result, the patient "receives" chronic cystitis and others infectious pathologies urinary system.
• Frequent urination in men with diabetes is associated not only with constant thirst and drinking large amounts of fluid, but also with increased kidney function, which tend to remove as much excess glucose from the body as possible.
• Thirst and frequent urination in men are true symptoms of diabetes: elevated level blood sugar leads to excessive removal of water from the tissues (in this way the body seeks to remove excess sugar). The condition may be accompanied by sweating, hair loss, dizziness, loss of appetite.
• Frequent urination in men with urinary incontinence may be due to a prostate tumor. Urine excretion disorders occur against the background of the growth of gland tissues. Additionally, obstructions, violations of the outflow of urinary fluid are detected. Pain is usually absent.
• Weak, frequent urination in men is a common symptom of prostatitis. Due to swelling of the prostate gland, the normal outflow of urine is disrupted, so often a man is forced to spend in the restroom long time to empty a full bladder. In addition, the disease may be accompanied by pain in the groin, erectile dysfunction.
• Frequent urination in men after hypothermia in almost all cases is associated with cystitis - inflammation of the bladder. Additional symptoms may include: slight increase temperature, bleeding at the end of urination, rash in the groin area.
• Frequent urination in men and burning in urethra- this is the result of penetration into the organs of infection - whether it is a urogenital infection, or a sexually transmitted disease. If a person's immunity is weakened, then the risk of developing such a disease increases many times over. Prolonged antibiotic therapy especially weakens the immune system, therefore, with long-term treatment antibiotics makes sense to take care of additional reception funds supporting normal microflora in the body.
• Frequent urination for nervous ground in men it is called the stress form of polyuria. Nervous shocks provoke hypertonicity of the urinary organs: smooth muscles contract, pressure on the bladder increases, which is the cause of the urge to urinate. Frequent urination in men under stress can also occur after exposure to other provoking factors, such as sneezing, coughing, changing body position, etc.
• Diarrhea and frequent urination in men is a reason to prescribe a series of additional surveys, since there can be many reasons for such a phenomenon: from heart disease and endocrine system before illness digestive tract and chronic intoxication. Sometimes similar symptom occurs with helminthiasis, with long-term use some medicines, with the use of low-quality food products.
• Frequent urination in men after alcohol can be caused by several reasons. Firstly, almost all alcohol-containing drinks have a diuretic effect, therefore frequent trips to the toilet after their use is considered the norm. Secondly, frequent and regular alcohol intake leads to functional disorders urinary organs: for example, chronic alcoholics often experience uncontrolled and involuntary urination related to malfunction smooth muscle urinary systems.

Complications and consequences

Frequent urination, first of all, causes discomfort to a man: you always need to stay “closer” to the toilet, including at work, and at a party, and in in public places. Yes, even at night a large number of approaches to the toilet can cause insomnia, fatigue, irritability in the morning, as well as a decrease in performance.

In addition, the lack of treatment for pathologically frequent urination can cause an aggravation of the underlying diseases:

• cystitis can develop into pyelonephritis;
• adenoma of the prostate cancerous tumor;
• urolithiasis - in an attack of renal colic.

It is in order to prevent the development of complications that one should, at the first signs of frequent urination, be examined by a doctor and pass the necessary tests.

Diagnosis of frequent urination in men

Diagnosis always begins with a survey and examination of the patient: the doctor specifies when unpleasant symptoms appeared, what preceded them, how the patient eats and drinks during the day. There may also be questions about intimate life: number of partners, frequency sexual contact, possibility random connections etc.

In addition, other types of research are assigned:

• Analyzes in the laboratory:
  • a blood test that will indicate the presence of inflammation, dehydration and anemia;
  • blood biochemistry will help detect kidney problems (the level of creatinine, urea and uric acid);
  • a urine test will determine the presence of protein, blood, mucus in it, and also evaluate the pH of the urine.
• Instrumental diagnostics:
  • ultrasound procedure kidneys and pelvic organs;
  • ultrasound examination of the prostate;
  • bacterial culture smear from the urethra;
  • CT scan kidneys (usually performed in cases where a stone crushing procedure or surgery is planned).

Differential Diagnosis

Differential Diagnosis carried out between diseases of the prostate gland, kidneys, urinary canals, as well as with contagious pathologies that are sexually transmitted (for example, with gonorrhea, syphilis, chlamydia).

In order to distinguish pathology from physiological frequent urination, the doctor conducts a urinalysis according to Zimnitsky, which is an assessment of the total amount of urine in a patient per day. All received portions of urine are tested for specific gravity. For determining exact reason pathologically frequent urination, the patient is deprived of fluid - for a period of time from 4 to 18 hours, depending on the situation. Urine is taken hourly for a sample, determining its osmolarity indicators. This allows, for example, to distinguish polyuria provoked by diabetes insipidus from frequent urination, which has developed due to nervous stress or other reasons.

Treatment for frequent urination in men

Treatment is prescribed according to the found cause of frequent urination. If such a reason is not found, then they are limited to general recommendations:

• change in diet and drinking regimen;
• refusal of alcohol;
• refusal of certain medicines.

Starting the treatment of pathological frequent urination in men, consider the use of such groups of medicines:

• medicines that affect the pH of the urinary fluid (clear urinary tract from sand and crystallized salts);
• urological antiseptics (destroy microbes that live in the urinary system);
• antibacterial agents(used for infectious diseases and sexually transmitted diseases);
• antiprotozoal drugs (used for chlamydia or ureaplasma);
• antiviral agents (used for viral lesions- for example, with herpes or papillomas);
• α-adrenergic blocking drugs (used for prostatitis or prostate adenoma).

If a drug therapy does not bring the expected results, it may be necessary surgery. These can be injections of sclerosing agents, therapeutic and diagnostic laparoscopy, sling surgeries.

Pills for frequent urination in men

Antibiotics for frequent urination in men

Antibiotics for diseases that lead to frequent urination in men are prescribed when an infection is present. It could be drugs a wide range activity, or drugs that act on a specific pathogen. The most commonly prescribed drugs are the fluoroquinolone series, cephalosporins and penicillins.

The duration of the course of antibiotic therapy can be different: it depends on the form of the disease, its stage, complications, as well as on the general state of health and on the age of the patient.

After the period of exacerbation of the infection subsides, the patient can be transferred to therapy antimicrobials nitrofuran series (one of the most common representatives of this group is nitrofurantoin).

Against the background of antibiotic therapy, it is necessary to carry out treatment with other drugs, to eliminate spasms, to improve the outflow of urine, to relieve pain. A drug such as Canephron has proven itself well - it has all the necessary properties to alleviate the condition of a patient with diseases of the urinary apparatus.

vitamins

Vitamins are very important for the treatment of diseases of the urinary system in men, as they affect the body in a complex way:

• inhibit the development of inflammation;
• improve kidney function, restoring their function;
• contribute rapid withdrawal toxic substances from the body;
• improve blood circulation;
• strengthen immunity.

Particular attention should be paid to vitamins such as carotene, vitamin E, vitamin C, B vitamins, as well as pectins and omega-3 fatty acids.

If you stick to a diet containing these substances, then the positive dynamics will be more pronounced, and the body will recover faster. Improvement will be able to feel even those patients who are found to have serious illness urinary system.

Physiotherapy treatment

Physiotherapeutic procedures are included in the treatment regimen for acute or chronic lesion urinary organs. The influence of physical factors allows you to stop the inflammation reaction, relieve spasms, and restore urine excretion.

Physiotherapy is not for everyone. For example, such treatment is not recommended:

• with exacerbation of pyelonephritis;
• in the terminal phase chronic pyelonephritis;
• with decompensated hydronephrosis;
• with polycystic;
• with malignant tumors.

Comprehensive treatment with physiotherapy may include several therapy options:

• hydrotherapy, medicinal baths;
• balneotherapy;
• microwave therapy (not prescribed for kidney stones);
• UHF therapy;
• amplipulse therapy;
• magnetic therapy;
• ultrasound;
• laser therapy;
• electrophoresis with antibacterial drugs.

Home treatment for frequent urination in men

If frequent urination in men is detected in the early stages of the disease urinary organs, then the condition can be corrected at home, simply by observing correct mode nutrition.

The patient needs to limit salt intake as much as possible in order to reduce the load on the kidneys. However, you should not completely abandon its use either: sodium chloride is necessary for the body to maintain water and electrolyte balance.

In addition to limiting salt (up to about 2 g), there are a number of other comments:

• you can not overeat;
• you need to drink about one and a half liters clean water per day;
• you need to give up hot spices, products with chemical additives(for example, sausages, chips, sweet soda, etc.), from semi-finished products and fast food, from smoked meats;
• preference should be given to plant foods, cereals, seafood;
• do not drink alcohol, smoke, take medicines without a doctor's prescription.

Alternative treatment

• Take 50 ml pure alcohol, mixed with raw chicken egg, mix until smooth. Immediately drink 15 ml of the resulting medicine, and about an hour later - the same amount. Treatment is not carried out on an empty stomach, so as not to injure the mucous membranes of the digestive tract. The duration of treatment is 3 days.
• On an empty stomach in the morning drink 15 ml of quality olive oil, 25 minutes before the first meal. This is done every morning for 1-1.5 months. During the entire period of treatment, it is not recommended to use gourds, as well as grapes and apples.
• Take a turn white cabbage, separate from it a pair of dense leaves. Leaves are applied to the projection site of the bladder and fixed with a bandage or plaster. It is advisable to do this procedure at night. The next morning, the leaves are thrown away. It is recommended to carry out such procedures daily, for five to seven days.
• Some patients take the previous recipe as a basis, however, fresh grated potatoes are additionally applied to the cabbage leaf. Such a compress must be kept on the body for at least five hours. Treatment continues for ten days.

Herbal treatment

• Take 5 g of St. John's wort and centaury herbs, brew in a glass of boiling water. Infuse for 10 minutes, then filter and drink instead of tea. Do the same three times a day for a week.
• Brewed 50 g horsetail in a glass of boiling water, leave for one hour and filter. The resulting medicine is used for sedentary warm baths, which are taken daily for 10 days.
• Grate one fresh onion. The resulting slurry is spread on a piece of cloth, covered with gauze on top. Such a compress is applied to the lower abdomen and fixed, left for about two hours. Next, the compress is removed, and the skin is thoroughly washed with warm running water.

If frequent urination is accompanied painful sensations and others unpleasant symptoms, then self-treatment will not lead to recovery, or moreover, it can cause complications. Therefore, before treatment folk methods need to pass full complex doctor's examinations.

Homeopathy

Frequent urination may be due to various diseases, therefore, in many cases, doctors advise the use of complex homeopathic preparations, whose range of action is quite wide. The most popular are such tools:

• Renel is excellent remedy from cystitis, pyelitis, increased kidney stone formation, prostatitis. The drug has the form of granules, the frequency of administration and the amount of which is prescribed individually.
• Berberis gommacord is a drug for the elimination of spasms and inflammatory response in the urinary system. The remedy is often prescribed for cystitis, pyelitis, colic. Berberis gommacord can be used as drops or injections.
• Populus compositum - eliminates intoxication, improves the function of renal filtration, relieves spasms. The drug is available in the form of drops.
• Solidago compositum - successfully used for cystitis, nephritis, kidney stones. Relieves pain and spasms, stops inflammation, corrects the process of urination. Solidago compositum is injected.
• Nephronal Edas 128 is a drug in the form of drops that is used to treat cystitis, nephritis, and kidney stones. Nephronal can be used both for the treatment of exacerbations and for chronic forms diseases.

Before taking the above funds, you must first consult a doctor, as many drugs are prescribed in individually selected dosages. There are practically no contraindications to the use of homeopathic remedies: the only exception is an allergy to any of the components of the drug.

Prevention

Preventive measures relevant only in relation to pathological frequent urination in men. If frequent urination is associated with the use of a large amount of fluid, then in this case you just need to adjust the drinking regimen.

To prevent the occurrence of frequent urination due to urological pathologies, doctors advise paying attention to the following rules:

• should not be forgotten about barrier protection during casual sexual contacts - this will avoid urogenital infectious diseases and diseases that are sexually transmitted;
• gotta follow the rules healthy eating- this way you can prevent the appearance of kidney stones;
• it is important not to abuse alcohol and not to smoke;
• it is recommended to regularly examine your body - take tests, undergo an ultrasound scan, consult a doctor about suspicious symptoms.

Forecast

The further prognosis depends on the initial factor that led to frequent urination in men. Modern techniques treatments can cure even very severe cases diseases, but, nevertheless, there is no guarantee that after a certain number of years, frequent urination will not resume. Therefore, maximum attention should be paid to preventive measures.

Medical Expert Editor

Portnov Alexey Alexandrovich

Education: Kyiv National Medical University them. A.A. Bogomolets, specialty - "Medicine"

Frequent urination is the emptying of the bladder, the number of urges significantly exceeding physiological norm in a day. With the usual this person drinking mode amount mictions(urination) is 4-6 times a day. Modern nutritionists recommend drinking 1.5-2 liters of fluid during the day, respectively, in a healthy adult, about the same amount of urine is excreted during the day.

In children, the frequency of urination depends on age. In the first days of life, babies urinate only 4-5 times a day, by the year - up to 16 times, by three years up to 10 times a day, and by the age of 10, the number of micturitions already corresponds to the norm for adults. The main volume of urine is formed and excreted during the day. If urination occurs more often at night, then diagnose nocturia.

Physiological causes of frequent urination

On thecold or change atmospheric pressure urination can become more intense due to vasoconstriction and an increase in the filtration function of the kidneys.

Atsome products With high content liquids (watermelon, melon, zucchini), the number of micturitions and the volume of urine also increase. stress, alcohol, strong coffee or tea always increase the amount of urine produced and provoke frequent urination.

Ordinary age-related changes hormonal background - both in adolescents and in people of age - are manifested by an increase in the frequency of urination. Both options are classified as physiological, but the condition is corrected with medication so that people feel more comfortable.

Atpregnancy frequent urination at the beginning of the term and in III trimester considered a variant of the norm, but only with adequate numbers blood pressure and normal level blood glucose. After childbirth without complications, the frequency of urination decreases rapidly.

elevatedphysical exercise accompanied by frequent urination, since with an intensive metabolism, the formation of fluid always increases and carbon dioxide. Athletes and people physical labor it is recommended to drink more water, but in small portions: in this way, dehydration and excessive “acidification” of the body are avoided, and small one-time volumes of drinking do not increase the load on the vascular bed, heart, liver and kidneys.

If frequent urination is observed within 1-2 days, is not accompanied in the lower back or, and the body temperature remains normal, then we can assume physiological the nature of the problem. After adjusting your diet, resting from training, or physical work, stabilization weather conditions or adaptation to recurring stressful situations urination returns to normal.

Main difference transitory(transitory) frequent urination is a return to normal short time without treatment, and any unpleasant consequences not for the body.

Diabetes and diabetes insipidus

There are two types of diabetes insulin dependent and insulin independent. The first develops with a lack of insulin production, the second - with the development rigidity(immunity) of cell walls to glucose at normal amount insulin.

The essence of both variants of the disease is that glucose cannot penetrate into the cells, so its content in the blood is increased (the norm is 3.3 - 5.5 mmol / l in peripheral blood, in the blood from a vein up to 6.5 -7 mmol / l ). Physiologically, glucose is the main "raw material" for the formation of ATP, which provides the body with energy for all occasions. When glucose is blocked, all tissues of the body suffer, and the most vulnerable are capillaries and nerve endings, with the defeat of which develop angiopathy(vascular disease) and neuropathy. In diabetes mellitus, blood viscosity increases and the risk of thrombosis, nutrition of organs is disturbed and disorders of normal functions occur.

The early signs of diabetes are bulimia(uncontrollable hunger) polydipsia (constant thirst) and polyuria(significant increase in daily urine volume) with increased urination. The patient feels dry mouth, due to the release of glucose on the skin and mucous membranes, irritations and pustular rash develop, boils often form. The urine may smell like rotting apples and contains glucose. Classical sources for the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus recommended that the doctor try the patient's urine or put the vessel with urine outside. With diabetes, it is sweet: during the tasting, the doctor will feel it, and the flies will immediately flock to the vessel.

Diabetes insipidus is essentially a disease pituitary gland with impaired hormone production vasopressin. If it is missing, it will block. reverse suction water in nephrons (renal tubules) and there is its excess excretion in the urine, which leads to dehydration.

Reasons for the development of diabetes insipidus:

• pituitary tumors;
• Complications after neurosurgical interventions or injuries;
• brain;
• Encephalitis;
• Common viral infections;
• Metastases in the brain;
• Problems of blood supply to the pituitary gland;
• Changes in the content of calcium in the blood - above or below normal;
• nephrotoxic drugs ( amphotericin B, lithium);
• Chronic kidney failure;
• sickle cell anemia;
• Congenital form of the disease;
• The advanced age of the patient.

Frequent urination in men

The causes of the problem are diseases of the urogenital area caused by a non-specific infection or sexually transmitted infection (STD); urolithiasis disease; inflammation (prostatitis) and glandular tumor (adenoma) of the prostate; dribbling.

infectiousthe lesion is accompanied by increased urination. Moreover, at the same time there is a burning sensation in the urethra, the lower abdomen and lower back hurt, pain radiate(give away) to inner part hips, can be pulling or aching; at - herpes simplex - very strong and sharp. Do not confuse with shingles which is caused by a virus herpes zoster, not sexually transmitted, accompanied by burning pains and skin rashes along the nerves.

Symptoms infectious origin combined with: purulent and yellow -, foamy -, white and curdled - (thrush); liquid and transparent are found at streptococcal urethral lesions.

Urolithiasisdisease. When metabolic processes are disturbed, various chemical composition, shape and particle size (stones, sand). Main types: oxalates- salts of oxalic acid; phosphates and urates(respectively salts of phosphoric and uric acid). last view renal stones often combined with gout. The main symptom of an exacerbation of urolithiasis is renalcolic, attacks of sharp pain due to the passage of stones through the ureters and injury to their mucosa. At the beginning of an attack, a block of urination is possible, but after that, frequent urination, a one-time increase in the volume of urine and hematuria(blood in urine). Outside the attack, urination is frequent, with concomitant urethritis - painful. Often patients experience incomplete emptying of the bladder.

- inflammation of the prostate gland. The disease occurs in all age categories but more common in men over 50 years of age. The prostate gland is located around the urethra and adjacent to the bladder. Inflammation irritates the receptors and is felt false urges when only drops of urine are excreted during micturition. Prostatitis is characterized by frequent urge to urinate, especially at night, and concomitant symptoms urethritis.

Reasons for the development of prostatitis:

1. Irregularity of sexual life;
2. Hypothermia and accession of infection;
3. STDs after unprotected sex frequent shift partners;
4. Sitting work and physical inactivity, the consequences are congestion in the pelvic cavity;
5. immune anomalies;
6. Concomitant urogenital diseases;
7. Changes hormonal balance after 50 years;
8. Injuries, alcohol, smoking.

Adenomaprostate. Growing, the tumor forms nodules that compress the urethra and affect the internal sphincter(circular muscle) of the bladder. The main reason for the development of the disease is a change in the biological level of androgens, which manifests itself with age. Violation of venous and lymph flow, cardiovascular diseases, hypothermia and the prevalence of STDs also contribute as development factors. chronic inflammation prostate and further - adenomas.

In men aged 40-50, adenoma is diagnosed in 10-11% of cases, which are associated with frequent and difficult urination; after the 50-year threshold, the frequency increases to 50%, and after the age of 60, adenoma occurs already in 80%.

The main symptoms of prostate adenoma:

• Frequent urination, mostly at night, at the beginning of the disease - without pain;
• Sluggish and thin stream of urine;
• Urination is difficult, during micturition it is necessary to strain the abdominal muscles;
• intermittent urination;
• On the late stages Urine leakage and dripping, incontinence and painful ejaculation.

Dribbling - after urination, urine is released, it drips or leaks after leaving the toilet. The symptom occurs in 15-17% healthy men and in 67-70% of patients with cystitis or urethritis, worsening the quality of life. The cause of the problem is weakness bulbocavernosus muscle, surrounding the initial part of the urethra.

Increased urination in women

Frequent urge to urinate is observed with inflammation of the renal pelvis ( pyelonephritis), bladder and urethra. Atwomen, compared with men, these diseases occur about 3 times more often. Cause in anatomical features: the female urethra is not longer than 3 cm and wide, therefore ascending infection with STDs and nonspecific genital inflammations easily develops. Symptoms combine pain in the lower abdomen and lower back, frequent and painful urination, fever. With pyelonephritis, urine may resemble dark beer in color, which is also typical for, but unlike the latter, feces never discolor.

Cystitisand urethritis- it's always sharp pains and burning in the urethra plus frequent urination in small portions. Women complain of an "unemptied" bladder, urinary incontinence at the beginning and droplets of blood at the end of micturition. The progress of the disease leads to a variation in the color of urine: it becomes cloudy, an admixture of blood is determined.

frequenturination with bladder stones: unexpected urges up to involuntary leakage of urine appear during the period of physical. exercise, running, travel in transport. During micturition, the stream of urine may be interrupted. Pain in the lower abdomen and above the pubis are felt at rest and during urination.

Irritated (hyperactive) uricbubble caused by increased signals to urinate. The reason is an increase in the excitability of the nervous system during prolonged stress, fear and fear.

Weaknessmuscular wall of the bladder – congenital disease. The urge to urinate appears abruptly, but there is no pain or burning sensation.

fibromyoma, benign tumor uterus. With growth, compression of the bladder and frequent urination are possible. Problems with urination increase gradually, combined with uterine bleeding, cycle disorders, pulling pains in the lower back and lower abdomen.

Omissionuterus and bladder- a consequence of weakness of the muscles that form pelvic floor, and own bundles uterus. maybe complete prolapse uterus, the development of permanent urinary incontinence.

Cordially- vascular insufficiency: Hidden edema appears during the day. At night, at horizontal position body, the load on the heart is reduced, and the accumulated fluid is excreted through the kidneys. Night urination is copious and painless, urine is light.

autoimmunethyroiditis: antibodies to tissues appear thyroid gland, active inflammation and dysfunction of the organ develop. State life-threatening, so remember the main, most striking symptoms:

1. Frequent and profuse urination, urine very light;
2. Rapid weight loss, up to several kilograms in a week;
3. Noticeable hair loss, possibly whole strands;
4. sharp muscle weakness, starts with hands - it is difficult to hold even a cup of tea;
5. Violations heart rate- attacks of tachycardia up to 180-200 beats per minute.

Frequent urination in childhood

Frequent urination at night nocturia, does not count painful condition in children under 7 years of age. Common Causes- too much deep sleep, sensation of cold in a dream, age-related weakness of the sphincter of the bladder. It is important to eliminate the cold factor by offering the child warm pajamas and a comfortable (not lower than +18 degrees) temperature in the room. It is recommended at night, right in bed, to give something salty (a couple of olives, a piece of herring or bread with salt). Before going to bed, the baby must definitely visit the toilet, and drinking should be limited 2 hours before bedtime.

If the problem nocturias is not resolved after the age of 7, then it is necessary to apply for medical assistance. Otherwise, children may develop neuroses and obsessive fears(phobias), negative behavioral changes and a decrease in self-esteem appear.

What to do if there is frequent urination?

The lower abdomen and lower back hurt, there was a burning sensation in the urethra during and after micturition, the color of the urine changed (cloudy, with blood, with pus) - contact a urologist immediately. Elevated to 38-39 degrees body temperature and dark urine - frequent signs pyelonephritis.

If the color of the urine is lighter than usual, there is no pain or burning, general well-being normal: check your diet. If you are taking medication, carefully read the sections in the instructions " side effects” and “contraindications”.

Video: frequent urination in the program "Live Healthy!"

With such a problem as frequent urination (pollakiuria), many people have encountered. Before making such a diagnosis for yourself, it should be taken into account that the number of urination processes for each person is individual. Urges can become more frequent without any pathological factors. If it lasts more than 2 days, or during the process and after it, discomfort is felt or pain symptoms you should consult your doctor for advice.

Urination rate

Indicators of the norm of urge to urinate are averaged, since the number of urination is individual. Therefore, speaking of increased urination, a person should focus on their own rhythm and compare the frequency individually. The norm for adults is considered to be from 4 to 10 times a day. At night, urine should not come out more than 300 milliliters, normal frequency- 1-2 times per night. Men go to the toilet "in a small way" up to 6 times a day, women - up to 9. Small children up to a year urinate up to 25 times a day, from 3 to 5 years - up to 8 times, and as they grow older, this figure gradually decreases.

Causes and symptoms of frequent urination

If the first urge began more than 10 times in 24 hours, you should carefully listen to your body when urinating. There are many reasons that cause frequent urination. There is a list of factors and certain symptoms that affect the frequency of urination.

Pathological

Painful process with frequent urination - sometimes this manifestation is caused by the presence of a large tumor in the lower abdomen. Frequent urges may appear only when the tumor has grown so much that it presses on the urea and fills it with little fluid. In this case, pollakiuria is accompanied by other pathological signs:

• strong weight loss;
• urine with blood;
• weak urination;
• body temperature is constantly elevated;
• chronic fatigue;
• sharp pains in the abdomen;
• lymph nodes are enlarged.

A disease such as hyperaldosteronism inevitably leads to frequent excretion of urine. The disease provokes increased output hormones that affect kidney function. Heart and kidney failure affect the frequency of urges in the evening. Hyperparathyroidism is another pathology that causes frequent urge to urinate. In hyperparathyroidism, an excessive amount of parathyroid hormone is produced, which regulates the process of urine production. Morning urination is especially painful. Associated symptoms:

• urolithiasis disease;
• frequent stools and constipation;
• intestinal dysbacteriosis;
• pain in the abdomen;
• constant feeling of tiredness;
• poor appetite.

Endocrine

Diabetes insipidus increases the frequency of urea emptying processes. Its symptoms are similar to diabetes mellitus, but the amount of glucose in the blood remains within the normal range. The process of regulating the excretion of fluid through the kidneys is disrupted. But frequent and strong urges are a sign of the development of diabetes. With this disease, an increase in glucose levels begins, and its excess is excreted through the urine. This frequent copious urination is called hyperglycemia. In addition to urination, there is pathological condition which is characterized by:

• thirst and dry mouth;
• weakness;
• chronic fatigue;
• drowsiness;
• skin itching.

Problems with the urinary system

kidney infections and diseases of the bladder are sufficient cause to begin rapid excretion of urine. If frequent urination becomes painful, then this problem requires contacting a doctor and conducting necessary research. Self-treatment may remove or partially reduce painful urination, but does not always cure plakiuria completely. It leads to chronic course and grave consequences. If you suspect infectious diseases urinary organs you need to see a urologist. The reasons for the frequent painful urination such diseases can become:

• urethritis - an infection in the urethra;
• cystitis - an infection in the bladder;
• pyelonephritis - inflammatory process in the kidneys.

Gynecological diseases

Frequent and strong urge to urinate, which is not accompanied by pain symptoms, is observed in pathology reproductive organs. This condition leads to the formation of fibroids and other neoplasms in the uterus. Increasing, the tumors squeeze the bladder and provoke an increase in the excretion of urine. main feature such pathologies - frequent urination with blood, pain in the bladder, pain symptoms with thrush. In such cases, the diagnosis is made by a gynecologist. Complications after an abortion can also cause frequent calls.

Non-pathological

If, with profuse urination, there is no additional symptom it is likely that this manifestation will disappear on its own after a day.

Increased fluid intake provokes frequent urination without pain. Drinks that have a diuretic effect - for example, green tea or tea with milk, cranberry juice, can cause frequent urges. Some berries also promote elimination from the body. more liquids than usual. These berries include:

• cowberry;
• cranberry;
• viburnum.

Doctors say that under stress, physical activity and hypothermia, frequent urination is the norm. Psychosomatics also affects morning and afternoon urges. In women after menstrual bleeding the frequency of urges increases, as the accumulated fluid is excreted. Reception of diuretics (diuretic medicines) increases urination including.

Features in men

The frequency of urination in men can be influenced by physiological and pathological causes. Change of food, a large amount of liquid - lead to frequent urges, during which there are no negative feelings. And alcohol causes frequent urination. But in some cases, problems with urination are caused by pathological processes:

• Prostate adenoma - a benign tumor is formed in the prostate, which greatly affects the excretion of fluid. The jet becomes weak, urine is not completely removed from the bladder, bedwetting appears (especially in older men).
• Prostatitis - infectious inflammation in the prostate gland, which causes strong feeling discomfort and pain in the groin.
• Pyelonephritis is inflammation of the kidneys. Causes discomfort and pain at the end of urination.

Very frequent urination in men is caused by urethritis. Sexual urogenital infections can make the process unbearably painful and disrupt the outflow of urine. If you suspect urinary diseases or when blood is found in the urine, one must take such symptoms seriously. Help will be provided by a urologist.

Frequent urination due to physiological factors easy to fix without drug treatment- A healthy diet helps.

Features in women

In women, often the cause of frequent painful urination is acute cystitis. Urethritis is less common. Sexual infections lead to problems with urination: chlamydia, gonorrhea and trichomoniasis. Frequent urination, painful incomplete emptying, frequent, strong and sharp urges, the presence of painful sensations lasting more than 2 days are considered serious reason to go to the hospital.

Frequent urination is the urge to go to the toilet in a small way, which is observed in an adult more than 10 times a day, provided that he drinks no more than 2 liters of fluid per day. In children under 12-14 years of age, the normal frequency of urination exceeds that of adults and depends on age.

The frequency of bladder emptying per day is not a certain constant value. The number of urination depends on many factors, both physiological and external. The main criterion in the subjective determination of the presence of such an abnormal condition as frequent urination is the degree of personal comfort.

The amount and / or volume of excreted daily urine can increase with various diseases. So, similar symptoms can be caused by diseases of the prostate in men and the uterus in women, inflammation of the kidneys and even a brain tumor. Doctors of narrow specialties should deal with the causes and prescribe the appropriate treatment: urologist, nephrologist, gynecologist, endocrinologist and neurologist. The purpose of our publication is to orient which specialist you need to visit first.

How does frequent urination manifest itself?

The formation of urine in the human body occurs due to the functioning of the kidneys. AT normal condition urine is clear, it is excreted daily from 1 to 1.8 liters. The process of urination in the body is controlled by both central and peripheral nervous systems. Young children learn to control this process gradually, between the ages of 2 and 5 years.

Frequent urination without pain is expressed by the need to empty the bladder many times a day. Sometimes urination occurs several times in a person and at night. This phenomenon in medicine is defined as nocturia. This phenomenon is characterized a small amount of excreted urine: sometimes with frequent urination, only a few drops are excreted. In some cases, with frequent urination, a person may feel pain. With rapid urination, a person can visit the toilet up to 20 times a day.

Very frequent urination can be considered completely normal if a person drinks a large amount of liquid. In this case, frequent urge to urinate is accompanied by the release of an amount of urine adequate to the amount of liquid drunk. At the same time, frequent urination in girls and men, in which more than 3 liters of urine is excreted per day, is defined as polyuria.

This phenomenon can sometimes be the result of drinking a large amount of coffee, alcoholic beverages. But still, frequent painful urination indicates that the body is developing serious illness. In some cases, this symptom is warning sign even if frequent urination occurs without pain.

Polyuria often presents as painful frequent urination in women and men. At the same time, profuse urination can also be accompanied by discomfort, which manifests itself in the bladder area. Often noted severe burning among women, unpleasant feeling in men. Signs of frequent urination should not be confused with urinary incontinence when we are talking about the consequences of involuntary work of the bladder. However, polyuria sometimes occurs in parallel with urinary incontinence.

A similar phenomenon can be observed even at night in women and men, mostly the elderly. Therefore, if the patient complains of very frequent urination, the doctor should initially find out whether this phenomenon is painful or painless, and also determine whether there is frequent nighttime urination (none). Depending on the features given symptom, as well as why it manifests itself, the doctor determines how to treat such a condition.

Frequent and painful urination

The appearance of this symptom indicates the problems of the urogenital area in both women and men. The localization of pain indirectly indicates the cause, so we will consider it.

Pain in the lumbar region

If the kidneys hurt and frequent urination is noted, this usually indicates such pathologies:

1. Pyelonephritis - acute process it is difficult not to notice: there is an increase in temperature and severe pain in the lower back, which can radiate to the stomach. With an exacerbation of chronic sluggish pyelonephritis, frequent urination and pain in the kidneys and lower abdomen come to the fore. In addition, the volume of daily urine will also be increased, and single portions, on the contrary, will be reduced. The color of the urine is usually not changed.
2. Urolithiasis - one-time portions of urine are reduced, the color is either normal, or an admixture of blood is visible. People urinate more during the day, but walking around a few times is fine at night. Also, the temperature often rises, and the urine becomes cloudy.

Soreness in the lower abdomen

Pain in the lower abdomen that accompanies frequent urination indicates problems with the bladder neck and urethra. If the bladder hurts and frequent urination, this indicates a pathology of the lower urinary tract:

1. Inflammation of the urethra (urethritis). At the same time, the daily volume of urine increases, it itself becomes cloudy, in it with the “naked eye” you can see mucus, pus or blood. characteristic symptom- for all the pain of the urination process, there is a persistent desire to urinate at the very end (when the entire volume of urine has been excreted).
2. Cyst. This disease is the most common cause of frequent urination. At the same time: the urine is reddish, sometimes pus is visible in it, it is released with soreness in the pubic area, in small portions, with imperative urges. Body temperature is elevated, symptoms of intoxication are observed: weakness, nausea, loss of appetite.
3. Tumors in the bladder neck may have manifestations similar to cystitis, but there will be no symptoms of intoxication, pus in the urine and fever.
4. Bladder stones can have similar symptoms if the calculus blocks the exit of urine. An increase in temperature is possible, but there will be no symptoms of intoxication. Pain can be relieved by taking antispasmodics and changing body position.
5. prostate adenoma. In this case, the urge to urinate is not painful, but the process itself is felt by pain in the suprapubic region, feeling incomplete emptying Bladder. There is also nocturnal urination.
6. Neurogenic (hyperactive) bladder. In this case, the person's condition is not disturbed, urine does not change color, but frequent urination occurs after a strong urge, painful.
7. Narrowing of the urethra due to acquired or congenital causes. Other than difficult and painful urination, there are no other symptoms.

Frequent and painless urination

Frequent urination without pain is a symptom huge amount diseases. Let's try to consider some of them.

Physiological causes in adults and children

Urination may become more frequent when:

• taking a large amount of spicy, sour and salty foods, alcohol. There will be no pain, an increased volume of light urine is excreted, more than 200 ml at a time. Of the other symptoms - only a slight tickling in the urethra during urination;
• stress, tension, excitement: a large daily amount of urine of the usual color is excreted, while the one-time volume of urination is not increased. There is a feeling that you need to urinate more, although the person has just gone to the toilet;
• pregnancy: in this case, there will be other signs indicating this condition;
• along with menstruation;
• after freezing - within a few hours.

Pathological causes

They can be divided into those that cause predominantly nocturnal and increased around the clock urination.

Frequent urination at night can be caused by:

1. Cardiovascular insufficiency. In this case, there will be swelling in the legs, sometimes even higher (on the stomach), interruptions in the work of the heart or pain in it, shortness of breath.
2. Diabetes. There are also increased thirst, dry mouth; the skin becomes dry, wounds and cracks easily appear on it, which do not heal well.
3. Adenoma and carcinoma of the prostate. Symptoms other than nighttime urination may not be noticed. During the day, a man can feel quite well, only urinate in small portions.

Urinating equally often both during the day and at night, a person will:

• diabetes insipidus. At the same time, he is constantly thirsty and drinks a lot, but, unlike the sugar "brother", there is no dry mouth, dryness and itchy skin ;
• cystocele (bladder prolapse): more common in women who have given birth. In addition to painless frequent urination, urinary incontinence will also be noted: when coughing, lifting weights, laughing, and later - during sexual intercourse;
• injuries and tumors of the spinal cord;
• weakness of the muscles that make up the wall of the bladder. The disease begins in childhood, is characterized by the absence of changes in the general condition, but only by frequent urination in small portions of urine, as well as a strong urge to urinate;
• uterine myoma. In this case, there will also be painful periods, intermenstrual bleeding, a large amount of monthly blood loss;
• taking diuretic drugs.

How to get rid of frequent urination?

Frequent urination in womenInitially, it is necessary to establish the reason why a person has this symptom. In the process of establishing a diagnosis, the doctor must establish all the features of this phenomenon in the patient. It's presence accompanying symptoms, the amount of fluid you drink, taking medications, etc. Further, analyzes and studies are carried out, which are prescribed by a specialist.

Further therapy is carried out depending on the detected causes of frequent urination. Important in diabetes constant control and normalization of human blood sugar levels. The presence of infectious diseases suggests a course of antibiotic treatment.

In diseases of the prostate gland in men, drugs are prescribed that have a tonic effect, as well as agents that promote the resorption of stagnant zones. Prostate massage sessions are scheduled. It is important to always remember about the methods of preventing prostatitis - physical activity, no hypothermia.

In the presence of kidney stones, it is important to correctly diagnose and determine the nature of the formed stones. Based individual characteristics diseases, the doctor decides on the method of treating urolithiasis.

In addition, if necessary, the doctor may advise to radically revise the diet in order to reduce the number of foods and drinks that provoke more frequent urination. Don't drink large amounts of liquid before bed.

In some cases, Kegel exercises are a good preventive measure, with which you can significantly strengthen the muscles of the urethra, pelvis, and bladder. Such exercises need to be done daily several dozen times.