Proper preparation for ultrasound of the kidneys and bladder. Ultrasound examination of the bladder Who does the ultrasound of the bladder

Ultrasound examination of the bladder is prescribed in the following cases:

• prolapse of the pelvic organs;
• infectious and inflammatory pathologies of the urinary tract;
• fibrosis of the walls (with an abnormal small bladder);
• hematuria due to microtrauma;
• violation of salt metabolism with the formation of stones;
• varicose veins of the walls of the bladder;
• urethrocele (cyst of the intravesical segment of the ureter).

The presence of stones, tumors, diverticula in the structure of the urinary tract may be indicated by characteristic changes in urine tests.

In addition, the reason for the ultrasound procedure can be any of the symptoms of diseases of the genitourinary system:

• pain when urinating;
• enuresis;
• frequent calls;
• weak outflow of urine;
• delays in the beginning of urination;
• pain in the lower back and lower back and / or abdomen.

Ultrasound of the bladder in women

The examination can take place in combination with the uterus and ovaries. To obtain general information, abdominal scanning (through the abdominal wall) is used; for a clearer picture and detailing of the structures, transvaginal diagnostics is prescribed.

Ultrasound of the bladder in women shows everything related to the urinary tract, as well as the state of the female reproductive system, gestational age, and the presence of previous births.

REFERENCE! HoldingUltrasound of the bladder during pregnancy is completely safe for the health of the baby.

How is an ultrasound of the bladder done in women

Abdominal way:

• the patient takes a horizontal position lying on his back;
• a contact gel is applied to the skin of the suprapubic region;
• the abdominal sensor scans the area of ​​the projection of the bladder;
• the received data are entered in a special form (if necessary, an image is attached).

Transvaginal way:

• the patient takes off her clothes below the waist and assumes a supine position, legs bent at the knees (standard gynecological examination position);
• the sensor is placed in a condom, lubricated with a special gel and gently inserted into the vagina to a shallow depth;
• slightly turning the handle of the sensor, conduct an examination with data fixation;
• print out the received information with subsequent decoding.

REFERENCE! Transrectal ultrasound of the bladder in female patients is rare. Main indications: intact hymen and vaginal injuries/pathologies that make transvaginal diagnosis difficult.

Bladder ultrasound in men

For men, 2 main methods of examination are available: external abdominal and transrectal method.

Transrectal gives a clearer picture and allows you to evaluate the interaction of the bladder with adjacent structures (prostate, urethra).

How is an ultrasound of the bladder done in men

The abdominal method is similar to that in women and is performed when examining the bladder alone.

How to perform a transrectal procedure:

• the patient takes off his clothes below the waist and takes the fetal position (pulling his knees to his chest);
• the sensor is isolated with a condom, lubricated with gel and gently inserted into the rectum to a depth of 6-7 cm;
• by slightly turning the handle of the sensor, the structure of the bladder and adjacent organs is fixed.

If problems with the prostate are diagnosed at the same time, the determination of residual urine is carried out. To do this, during the procedure, the patient is asked to urinate and then continue the diagnosis, determining the remaining urine in the bladder.

Training

Before you figure out how to prepare for an ultrasound of the bladder, familiarize yourself with the chosen method of examination (abdominal, transvaginal, transrectal). The sequence of preparatory procedures largely depends on this.

The standard method for external abdominal scanning is the same for both sexes. To do this, do the following:

• a few days before the examination, balance the diet; Get rid of foods that provoke gas formation and constipation;
• on the eve of the procedure, carefully empty the intestines with laxatives;
• a couple of hours before the procedure, start drinking water in small portions (the recommended volume is 1.5 liters); if you do not know how to fill your bladder before an ultrasound due to urinary retention, take a diuretic first.

The transrectal examination is similar in preparation to the abdominal examination, but requires an emphasis on bowel cleansing.

Preparation for an ultrasound of the bladder in women with a transvaginal method excludes the use of water in large quantities (on the contrary, it is better if the bladder is empty).

REFERENCE! Transurethral examination allows you to assess the relationship between the state of the bladder and the urethral canal. Due to the high risk of urethral injury and complications, it is rarely performed.

Research results

The ultrasound procedure allows you to identify the following parameters:

Ultrasound of the bladder can detect signs of an acute inflammatory process in the form of an infiltrate or sediment from leukocytes and epithelial cells. This mobile structure usually accumulates at the back wall of the bubble and is easily viewed on the monitor.

REFERENCE! Doppler ultrasound can detect the presence of urine reflux from the bladder into the ureters, which may be associated with developmental abnormalities or the presence of foreign formations (tumors, stones) that clog the mouth of the ureter.

Bladder ultrasound: prices in Moscow

Ultrasound examination is one of the most informative and at the same time affordable procedures. The availability of high-quality modern equipment allows for a full-fledged scanning of structural changes in tissues and organs

If you still do not know where to do an ultrasound of the bladder in Moscow, the Otradnoye Polyclinic is ready to offer you its services. Affordable prices, modern technology, experienced doctors and a friendly attitude on the part of the staff make this procedure informative, profitable and minimally uncomfortable for the patient.

If a pathology of the bladder and urinary tract of various origins is suspected, for the differential diagnosis of diseases similar to them in terms of symptoms (inflammatory processes of the prostate, kidneys, ovaries, ureters, fallopian tubes), visualization before surgery. Ultrasound of the bladder is performed as the main examination or as an additional one, clarifying the results of the patient's urography, cystography or cystoscopy.

Scanners of the latest generation, which are equipped with medical centers of the network, allow ultrasound of the gallbladder in various ways: traditional abdominal, as well as rectal and vaginal, depending on the indications and gender of the patient. Ultrasound examination can be done by both men and women. Gallbladder ultrasound is available in our network.

Preparation for ultrasound of the bladder, depending on the method

To make an ultrasound of the gallbladder as informative and reliable as possible, simple preparation is necessary, which varies depending on the method of examination.

The traditional method - transabdominal - is carried out using a sensor that is applied to the anterior abdominal wall lubricated with gel. Such a study is carried out with an empty intestine and a filled bladder. To ensure the first condition, it is necessary to refuse food that causes gas formation a few days before the examination, if necessary, as directed by a doctor, take adsorbents, and make a cleansing enema on the eve of the procedure. To fulfill the second condition, a few hours before the study, it is necessary to take a liter of liquid and, as prescribed by the doctor, a diuretic.

A transrectal examination is carried out with an emptied rectum, for which appropriate measures are taken before the procedure - taking laxative medications, setting suppositories, enemas - strictly according to the prescription of the doctor who prescribed the ultrasound. With a transrectal examination (insertion of an endoscopic probe through the rectum), the gallbladder should be full, with a transvaginal this is not necessary.

The study by the transurethral method (the introduction of a flexible endoscope with a sensor through the urethra) is performed under local anesthesia with a full bladder. Taking liquid before the procedure is necessary to enhance the contrast between the walls of the organ and its contents, which improves the quality of visualization.

Children undergo only transabdominal ultrasound, transvaginal (through the vagina) - only women, other methods are used to scan the urea of ​​adult patients of both sexes.

As you know, due to the anatomical features, women are most susceptible to genitourinary diseases. As a result, not the last place in the diagnosis of pathologies is given to ultrasound. This method can be applied to patients of different ages. Our article will tell about the features of the ultrasound of the bladder in women, how the preparation for the study is carried out, which shows the ultrasound.

Who is doing the research

Most often, ultrasound of the bladder is done in women with clear signs of impaired genitourinary function. These include:

• frequent urge to go to the toilet;
• difficulty urinating;
• the presence of blood in the urine;
• the presence of stones;
• vesicoureteral reflux;
• pyelonephritis;
• cystitis;
• pain above the pubis.

Ultrasound of the bladder is used as an adjunct to a gynecological examination, to assess the patient's condition after surgery on the genitourinary system, to monitor the functioning of the kidneys.

Training

Many women have a question about how to prepare for an ultrasound scan in order to get the most accurate results. Preparation for an ultrasound of the bladder is based on the good fullness of the organ. This is the basic rule that applies to patients of any age. The main points are:

• Two hours before the procedure, you should drink at least 2 liters of liquid. It can be pure water, weak tea, dried fruit compote;
• it is necessary to refrain from going to the toilet 2 hours before the examination;
• people who do not suffer from cardiovascular pathologies can take diuretics.

The basis of preparation is filling the bladder with water.

The above activities will help the doctor conduct a qualitative study. If the diagnosis is carried out transvaginally or transrectally, then bladder filling is also required. In addition, for the diagnosis of the last type, it is necessary to make an enema cleansing. You can get unreliable results if there is increased gas formation in the intestines. Therefore, 3 days before the study, it is necessary to exclude the use of a diet that increases the number of gases.

To do this, you need to adhere to a special diet that excludes the use of:

• legumes;
• tomato;
• cabbage;
• carbonated drinks;
• alcohol;
• dairy products.

If a woman has difficulty refraining from urinating, this is often the case during pregnancy, then you can visit the toilet. Next, you should drink 1 liter of water so that the bladder is well filled during the study. Examination of women is done on any day of the menstrual cycle.

How the study is done

Most often, the diagnosis is carried out transabdominally, through the abdominal wall. During the procedure, the patient lies on the couch on her back. The doctor performs the procedure with an ultrasonic sensor, with a special gel applied to it. If, during the diagnosis, an assumption is made about the presence of stones, sand, a tumor process, then a request may be made to the patient to conduct a standing examination.

To assess the condition of the bladder mucosa, it is recommended to conduct an examination on the side.

Typically, the diagnosis lasts no more than 15 minutes. It is possible that it will be necessary to assess how fully the emptying of the organ occurs. To do this, the woman may be asked to visit the toilet and then re-examine the bladder. If the patient is obese or there is an assumption of the presence of a tumor, then ultrasound can be performed using the following methods:

• transvaginally. The sensor is then inserted into the vaginal opening. The study can only be conducted for women who are sexually active.
• Transrectal. With the help of a special sensor inserted into the rectal opening. Diagnosis can be carried out both for women who are sexually active and for virgins.

Transvaginal diagnosis allows simultaneous gynecological examination

Contraindications

Contraindications for ultrasound examination of the bladder include in the abdominal form: urinary incontinence, since the diagnosis is carried out exclusively on a full bladder, the presence of excess weight (since with an excess amount of subcutaneous fat there is a decrease in information content), lesions of the skin in the area under study, the presence of scars on bladder.

Transrectal examination is not done for intestinal inflammation, anal fissures, intestinal obstruction, latex allergy. The transvaginal method is not indicated for allergic manifestations to latex, the presence of a virgin pleura, the presence of pregnancy in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters, and infectious diseases of the genital organs.

results

During the study, the doctor, evaluating the parameters of the bladder, can evaluate the following parameters:

• what shape the bladder, deformation may indicate the presence of neoplasms;
• size. A reduced organ indicates fibrosis, frequent cystitis, an enlarged organ indicates hyperplasia, narrowing of the urethra, the presence of stones;
• contours;
• what is the contents of the organ. It can be clots of pus, blood, hematomas, urine;
• the presence of neoplasms and their size, shape, mobility;
• organ integrity or damage.

If a woman has cystitis, then ultrasound can show uneven contours, enlarged walls. Ultrasound examination allows you to identify various neoplasms, which include polyps, cysts, tumor processes. As a result of the study, it is possible to diagnose the presence of patency of the ureteral canals, foreign neoplasms, sediment, inflammation, increased tone, atony, prolapse of the bladder, diverticulosis and pathology in the genital organs.

The attending physician is engaged in deciphering the picture of the study

Norm

After receiving a picture of the study, the doctor evaluates the results with indicators of the norms. In a healthy woman, the following parameters are diagnosed:

• the bladder should be pear-shaped with a full organ, after urination - saucer-shaped;
• on the screen of the device, the normal structure looks like dark spots;
• the volume of urine varies between 250-550 ml;
• walls with a thickness of 2 to 4 mm;
• filling rate of about 50 ml per hour;
• residual urine should have a volume of no more than 40 ml.

What problems are detected on ultrasound

Diagnosis of sediment in the form of flakes occurs in cystitis. Often, the sediment is formed from leukocytes, epithelial cells, phosphates and is a prerequisite for the development of KSD. During the diagnosis, the flakes appear to be hyperechoic formations. Formations characterized by increased echogenicity include the presence of stones, cysts, polyps, a narrowed lumen in the urethra, neoplasms.

The tumor on the ultrasound picture does not have an acoustic shadow, like, for example, calculi

Formations with increased echogenicity are mobile, for example, stones, and motionless, polyps. Stones are represented by light areas on the screen of ultrasound equipment, while cysts are darker. Often, the study determines the presence of reflux of urine, which reaches the renal pelvis. This phenomenon occurs due to pathologies of the urinary tract, stones, flakes, formations.

In this case, ultrasound diagnostics is carried out simultaneously with Doppler. This type of study evaluates how much urine is thrown and remains, what is its direction, and is used to determine the severity of the disease. Ultrasound diagnosis of the bladder refers to an effective method for detecting pathologies at the very beginning of their development.

Bladder ultrasound is an examination based on the special properties of an ultrasonic wave reflected from an organ, forming its image on a hardware monitor. Since women are more susceptible to diseases affecting the urogenital area, they are much more likely to be referred for an ultrasound procedure.

To obtain accurate results for the examination, it is necessary to prepare well. This method is widely used to diagnose various diseases.

Indications for carrying out

The ultrasound method is characterized as simple and operational. It has no contraindications and does not cause complications. A study is prescribed if the following symptoms are present:

1. The presence of pain in the lumbar region;
2. Pain in cystitis, located in the lower abdomen;
3. Changing the color of urine, its turbidity and the appearance of flakes, the presence of streaks of blood and sediment;
4. Frequent or less frequent urination;
5. Night diuresis prevails over daytime, the appearance of urinary incontinence;
6. Sudden increase in body temperature in the absence of other symptoms;
7. The appearance of edema of various localization and intensity;
8. Changes in the indicators of clinical analysis of urine.

Ultrasound of the bladder allows you to determine a number of diseases and pathologies of the body, which include:

• Various kinds of tumor neoplasms that occur in the bladder;
• The presence of stones in the organs of the urinary system;
• Inflammatory processes in acute or chronic phases;
• The presence of blindly ending invaginations (diverticulum) of the bladder walls.
• All kinds of foreign bodies in the bladder;
• Pathology of the structure of the organs of the urinary system;
• Entry of urine from the bladder into the ureters.
• The occurrence of blockage with calculi and the appearance of obstructions to the exit of urine.

In addition, ultrasound of the genitourinary system allows you to determine the presence of diseases such as cystitis or chronic pyelonephritis.

Ultrasound examination in women is carried out in order to detect diseases of the pelvic organs. In some cases, ultrasound of the genitourinary system includes an examination of the uterus and appendages. A sudden rise in temperature, accompanied by the appearance of sharp pain, is also an indication for research, as it may be a symptom of any disease of the excretory system. Experts recommend resorting to the procedure also for preventive purposes.

In addition to diagnosing various kinds of pathologies, ultrasound is carried out if necessary, a more accurate assessment of the effectiveness of treatment.

Used after a course of chemotherapy or after surgery.

Video How to prepare for an ultrasound examination

How to Prepare for a Bladder Ultrasound

The procedure for examining the bladder in women is carried out on a full bladder, therefore, ultrasound must be prepared in a certain way.

1. Some time before the appointed time, you need to drink a significant liter of water, compote or tea. It is important to remember that water should not contain gases. You can not replace the liquid with milk. You can't urinate to keep your bladder full. If it is impossible to endure the urge to urinate, you can empty the bladder, but then again you need to drink a few glasses of water and by the appointed time the bladder will be filled to the desired level;
2. You can not drink water, but wait for the bubble to fill on its own. To do this, do not empty it for three to four hours. Often the procedure is scheduled for the morning hours. At the same time, you can prepare for an ultrasound if you do not urinate in the morning. If this is too hard, you can go to the toilet a few hours before the final awakening, and after getting up you should not do this anymore.

It is important to take into account the fact that a gas-filled intestine can interfere with the correct procedure for diagnosing the bladder. For those people who suffer from bloating or constipation, it is recommended to follow a diet a few days before the appointment, in which fresh fruits and vegetables, legumes, drinks containing gases and alcoholic products are excluded from the diet.

If even before the start of the ultrasound it becomes known that the procedure will be carried out through the rectum, a cleansing enema should be done a few hours before visiting the office or special candles should be used.

How is an ultrasound of the bladder done in women

Ultrasound examination of the bladder is usually performed in one of the following ways:

• Abdominally. With this type of examination is carried out from the side of the anterior abdominal cavity. Is an external type of study;
• transurethral. The study is performed through the urethra;
• transrectal. The study of the body is carried out through the rectum.

The first method is the most commonly used, since the other two are used when it is necessary to confirm or refute the problems identified during external examination and examination. Which of the ultrasound methods will be applied to each patient is determined by the attending physician, who prescribes this procedure. In what position during the study the patient will be determined during the procedure. Usually the patient lies on his back or side, sometimes the doctor may ask the patient to stand up in order to examine the organ for the presence of formations inside it.

In addition to the bladder, women additionally examine the uterus and ovaries. Ultrasound provides the ability to measure the size of these organs, determine pathologies in their structure and location, as well as shape. In some cases, women do ultrasound transvaginally. This method is used for the most complete review of the state of internal organs and the most accurate diagnosis of certain diseases. For the procedure, pregnancy and the period of menstruation are not an obstacle, but you should warn the doctor in advance so that he correctly chooses the method of conducting the examination.

In some cases, patients are prescribed an ultrasound with dopplerography. It is used when it is necessary to assess the parameters of urine flow through the ureters, the state of blood flow in them. Such a study may be required if the specialist suspects the development of vesicoureteral reflux, in which urine is thrown back into the ureters.

It is indispensable to use this method if it is necessary to diagnose tumor diseases.

Deciphering indicators

For the most correct assessment of the condition of the bladder, the doctor deciphers the results of the study. Together with the patient's complaints, ultrasound data make it possible to make the diagnosis as accurately as possible and prescribe effective treatment.

The presence of a smooth and uniform bladder wall is considered the norm. When conducting an ultrasound scan, the ureters are necessarily examined for the presence of neoplasms in them. The rest of the urine is checked for an empty bladder. In those cases when it is not indicated on the screen of the device, we can talk about the patient’s preparation in bad faith and incomplete filling of the bladder. This requires re-analysis. Repeated repetition of the result indicates the presence of the disease.

Less informative may be the results of abdominal ultrasound in the presence of overweight, which can appear in various diseases (diabetes mellitus, renal failure). This is due to the fact that with an excess amount of subcutaneous fat, it is more difficult for a doctor to see a clear picture.

Depending on individual physiological indicators, the concept of the norm may change. The size and size of the bubble can vary depending on the amount of fluid that a person regularly consumes.

Video: Bladder ultrasound

And the bladder is an important method for detecting pathologies of the genitourinary system. It is safe for all categories of patients, is carried out quickly and painlessly. Ultrasound can detect even small changes in the structure of the organ. Also, under the control of ultrasound, it is possible to carry out surgical interventions, cystoscopy.

Ultrasound examination is a screening method. This means that it is done to everyone as a preventive measure to identify diseases of the urinary system. Healthy people need an ultrasound scan every three years. Patients with pre-existing pathologies undergo an ultrasound examination annually.

Urologists prescribe an ultrasound examination if any disease of the urinary organs is suspected. Symptoms that indicate this:

• pain in the lumbar region, in the lower abdomen;
• infrequent or frequent urination;
• difficulty urinating;
• dark staining of urine, the appearance of blood or mucus in it;
• signs of inflammation in the analysis of blood and urine;
• prolonged rise in temperature.

Ultrasound is the standard for diagnosing diseases such as pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis, and urolithiasis. It is recommended to do an ultrasound of the bladder in a newborn child to exclude congenital anomalies.

Contraindications

Ultrasound does not harm the body, so the procedure is characterized by a small number of contraindications. Ultrasound diagnosis of the bladder can be safely done to a pregnant woman or a newborn child. Also, ultrasound can be done during menstruation, with the exception of the transvaginal method.

Contraindications are such conditions that can distort the result:

• open skin lesions on the abdomen or lower back;
• severe flatulence;
• acute psychosis in a patient.

These contraindications are relative, after stabilization of the condition, the procedure can be performed.

For transvaginal and transrectal methods, there are additional contraindications:

• acute inflammation of the rectum;
• rectal tumor, hemorrhoids;
• latex intolerance;
• acute venereal infection of the genital organs.

The transvaginal method of ultrasound diagnostics of the bladder is not recommended during pregnancy, for girls who are not sexually active.

Varieties of the procedure

Ultrasound examination of the urinary system is carried out in different ways:

• on the surface of the abdomen - transabdominally;
• through the urethra - transurethral;
• the sensor is inserted into the vagina - transvaginally;
• the sensor is inserted into the rectum - transrectal.

Ultrasound for suspected bladder disease is most often performed transabdominally. This method is the least traumatic, completely safe for the patient, and is not accompanied by any discomfort. The doctor examines through the anterior abdominal wall.

The transrectal method of examination is used in men and girls who do not live sexually. In men, the method allows you to assess the condition of the seminiferous tubules,. The transvaginal method is indicated for adult women if more information about the condition of the bladder is needed.

Transurethral ultrasound requires special specialist skills and sophisticated equipment, so it is used very rarely.

The doctor will tell about the ultrasound examination in the video:

How to Prepare for a Bladder Ultrasound

The bladder is a hollow organ, practically inaccessible to ultrasound. In order for the doctor to be able to see it, assess the condition of the walls, you need to properly prepare for the procedure. With a planned examination, preparation takes 3 days, is carried out according to a certain algorithm:

• exclusion from the diet of foods that stimulate gas formation in the intestines - legumes, black bread, milk, cabbage;
• taking carminative drugs - “Espumizan”, “Sub-simplex”;
• exclusion of antispasmodics;
• if the examination is planned to be carried out in a transrectal way, it is necessary to clean the intestines with a laxative or enema the day before the procedure;
• immediately before the procedure, you need to quickly fill the bladder - this is important for ultrasound of a hollow organ.

Is it possible to eat before an ultrasound diagnosis of the bladder - there are no special restrictions on this. A normal diet is recommended, just before ultrasound of the kidneys and bladder, you can eat the night before. In the morning it is better not to eat, but to drink the required amount of water.

How much water to drink depends on the age and gender of the patient:

• children up to a year - 100 ml;
• up to five years - 500 ml;
• teenagers - 1000 ml;
• women - 1500-1700 ml;
• men - up to 2000 ml.

A patient with a full bladder is examined by a doctor, then allowed to urinate.

A memo, where the rules of preparation are prescribed, is given to the patient when registering for the procedure. It states that you need to take a disposable sheet and towel with you.

Preparation for ultrasound of the kidneys and bladder in children includes the same principles as in adults. Meals are provided according to age. The baby needs to be explained that the procedure is painless, he will only need to lie down quietly for a few minutes.

Read more about preparing for an ultrasound examination in the video:

Features of manipulation

The technique of ultrasound examination of the bladder by different methods differs only in the way the probe is inserted. Inspection through the vagina or rectum provides more information about the state of the urinary organs.

Visually conduct an ultrasound examination, see the video. The doctor will consider all types of manipulations.

transabdominal

The patient lies on the couch with his stomach up. The doctor treats the skin with a sound-conducting gel, which provides better contact between the sensor and the body. Then the specialist examines the organ, passing the sensor over the place of its projection on the abdominal wall. In order for the doctor to be able to see the bubble completely, it must be as full as possible.

The procedure lasts 10-15 minutes, the person does not experience any discomfort. At the end of the study, it remains only to wipe the skin with a towel, removing the remnants of the gel. Sometimes, to make a diagnosis, an ultrasound of the bladder is required to determine the amount of residual urine. First, a person is examined with a filled bladder, then they are offered to urinate and the procedure is repeated.

transrectal

To carry out this procedure, a person is offered to undress below the waist, lie on his side, bend his knees and pull them up to his stomach. A special nozzle lubricated with gel is used. The device is inserted into the rectum about 6 cm.

The doctor rotates the instrument, examining the organs from different angles. The procedure may be accompanied by minor discomfort.

How is an ultrasound of the bladder done in adult women

The patient is asked to undress from the waist down. The woman is laid on the couch with knees bent and knees apart. A special nozzle is used, which is lubricated with gel. The device is inserted into the vagina. Filling the bladder is not necessary.

The examination is carried out through the wall of the vagina, this allows you to assess the state of the urinary system from hard-to-reach angles. The examination may be accompanied by mild discomfort.

Norm indicators

When conducting an ultrasound of the bladder, the doctor first determines the normal indicators:

• shape - oval or round, with clear contours;
• the structure is echo-negative - ultrasonic waves are well reflected from the walls;
• bladder volume - on ultrasound is calculated by the formula, up to 500 ml in women, up to 700 ml in men;
• wall thickness - from 2 to 4 mm;
• the volume of residual urine, determined normally by ultrasound - no more than 50 ml;
• condition of the bladder cavity - without foreign inclusions.

Only if all these parameters are observed, it can be said that a person does not have a pathology of the urinary organs.

The video shows an organ in which the indicators are normal:

What does ultrasound show in the presence of pathology

Ultrasound detects even minor deviations from the norm that occur in diseases of the genitourinary organs.

Table. Signs of diseases of the urinary organs on ultrasound.

Deciphering the results of ultrasound of the bladder is carried out by the attending physician. An ultrasound specialist gives a description of the changes seen. Only a doctor can interpret them as a disease, while he takes into account complaints, data from other examinations. The same change can be observed in different diseases:

• flakes in the bladder appear with chlamydial and fungal infections;
• thickening of the vessels is observed with cystitis, tumors, cysts;
• Bladder cancer looks almost the same as a benign tumor on ultrasound.

Therefore, only a specialist has the right to decipher, sometimes additional examinations are required to make a diagnosis.

The price of ultrasound diagnostics

Ultrasound of the bladder is performed in a clinic, hospital or at home - depending on the patient's health status. The cost of manipulation is different in different institutions:

• in a budget type hospital - free of charge if indicated;
• in a private clinic with a urologist's appointment - from 800 to 3500 rubles.

The cost is influenced by the technique of manipulation, the region of residence of the patient.

Ultrasound of the urinary organs is an effective diagnostic procedure that detects most diseases of this system. In combination with general clinical analyzes, patient complaints, it helps the doctor to make a diagnosis in 90% of patients. There are several methods of manipulation, for each there are certain indications. You can do an ultrasound in a clinic or a private office.

Leave comments on the article, tell us about your experience in conducting ultrasound diagnostics. All the best and good health.