Rules of conduct for people with infectious diseases. Consider the features of human behavior in the event of some of the most dangerous infectious diseases. Fundamentals of protection and rules of behavior of the population in infectious diseases
1. Focal hyperemia of the skin (disappears with pressure or
stretching of the skin).
1.1. Roseola - with a diameter of 2 ... 5 mm, pink or red,
more often rounded.
1.2. The spot is small - with a diameter of 5 ... 10 mm.
1.3. The spot is large - with a diameter of 10 ... 20 mm.
1.4. Erythema - more than 20 mm in diameter.
2. Hemorrhages into the skin (do not disappear with pressure or
stretching of the skin).
2.1. Primary petechiae - with a diameter (up to 2 mm) against the background of normal skin
2.2. Petechiae secondary - against the background of roseola,
2.3. Purpura - sizes from 2 to 5 mm.
2.4. Ecchymosis - larger than 5 mm.
3. A rash that rises above the level of the skin.
3.1. Papule - superficial infiltrate with a diameter of up to 5 mm.
3.2. A node is an infiltrate in the deep layers of the dermis with a diameter of 1 to 5 cm.
3.3. A blister is an acute limited swelling of the skin, pale in the center, pinkish-red along the periphery.
3.4. Vesicle - a vesicle with a diameter of up to 5 mm with serous or serous
hemorrhagic fluid.
3.5. Pustule-bubble up to 5 mm with purulent fluid.
3.6. A bubble is a cavity formation with a diameter of 5 mm to 10 cm or more with serous or serous-hemorrhagic contents.
Note: Possible combinations of elements of the rash (roseolous-petechial, macular-papular, papular-vesicular, etc.).
Annex 3
Critical conditions and risk factors for their development in infectious patients
Critical states |
Risk factors |
Infectious-toxic |
Late hospitalization |
sick |
|
Infectious-toxic |
Severe course disease |
encephalopathy | |
cerebral hypertension |
Violation of the regime |
Co-infection |
|
dehydration syndrome |
Associated chronic |
diseases |
|
Acute cardiac |
Decreased resistance |
failure |
organism (lack of passa |
Acute respiratory |
body, hypovitaminosis, |
failure |
stress situations) |
Acute renal |
immunodeficiency |
failure |
states |
Acute hepatic |
Diseases with a risk of sudden |
failure |
critical |
Acute adrenal |
conditions (botulism, |
failure |
diphtheria, meningococcal |
Anaphylactic shock |
infection, severe |
Surgical complications |
flu, etc.) |
Appendix 6
Additional symbols on the temperature sheet
Conventional signs |
The meaning of conventional signs |
Sign color |
Leading clinical signs. Named inside a triangle | ||
Liver enlargement (percussion - dotted line) | ||
Enlargement of the spleen (percussion - dotted line) | ||
The nature of the stool (F-liquid, K - mushy, 0 - decorated, figure - number per day) |
Blood - red Mucus - yellow no impurities brown |
|
Blood culture | ||
Stool culture | ||
Seeding from the tonsils | ||
Serological studies | ||
The course of treatment (in the rectangle the name of the drug and dose) |
Etiotropic - red, pathogenetic - blue |
|
Infusion means |
Appendix 4
Antibacterial agents for the treatment of certain infectious diseases
M and to Roorganisms |
Diseases |
Antibiotics of the 2nd line |
||
Gr a ^ positive cocci |
||||
Streptococcus pyogenes (beta hemolytic acid group A) |
Strepto k o k ovl i infs to qi: a 1 irnna, scarlati1K1, Riga. sepsis |
G e H-CHILG1C1] and cillin. oxacillin |
Ernthromycin, fluorine). I! i OLONS, |
|
Streptococcus pneumonic (pneumococcus) |
lobar pneumonia, purulent meningitis |
Beneilpenncilli "? Oxacillin, Gesh-Amicia |
Cs<] i алосгюри и Ы (1), фторхинолоны, эритромицин, ко - тр и м ок с.авол |
|
Stapbylococcus atlreus (resistant to penicillin) |
Angin a, se pace |
Oxacillin. I threw it stuck, the day of the klox CILLN1 !,<]|уакдин, сумамед |
Csfalisporn(1), fluoroquinolones |
|
Gram-negative cocci |
Neissena meningiticiii. |
M en in gok he kovy infection; nasopha.rntt. purulent meningitis<>anpniilin. cephalosiorins (3), ((GGORGINOLON! |
|||||
Gram put; |
drinking sticks | |||||
Co ryne bacterium diphtheriae |
Diphtheria |
Erythromycin, bsi zn lpe 11 n 11IA.M * n, doxyiclin |
Cepha los pori 11Y (1.2) p[!|[)aMPN»IAIN |
|||
Bacillus anthracis |
anthrax |
Bena and lpenicillin, gentamipine, celospori!1b1 (1) |
Ernthronzin. DOXY (and n ny salmonel-\ez |
Ampicillin, co-trimoxazole |
Chloramphe ncol r gentamicin with amnicillin |
|
shigellsz |
Ampicin/nin, fluoroquinolones, gentamicin with ampicillin |
Ko - three mox aeol, nntr K o - trim o k<: аяол -t-полимиксин. тет(»ациклин |
||||
Yeraiilia enlerocolitica |
Acute enterocolitis |
Chlora nfe i [N col i<«м1[ициллин |
Nitrosruranes, tetracycline |
|||
ps eudolu be re u los is |
Pse vdotuberkulsz |
Xdo ra mfe nn count, ampicillin |
Streptomycin, dock snci wedge |
|||
Streptominin. seominin. gentamiin |
Rifammicin, hinnoksidnn, sulfaten, co-trimuxpzol |
Continuation of Appendix 4
Micro organ and snakes |
3a6oneiiaii>iH |
First choice antibiotics |
Antibiotics of the 2nd line |
Haemopliiius infliiriezea |
ARI, purulent meningitis |
Amnindlin, fluoroquinolpn |
Chloram phen icol co-trimoxase<1Л |
LeBioiiclla pneuniophffla |
Legionelled (pneumonia) |
Erythromycin. ri1)>amiiiiii1[ |
Fluoroquinolones, co-trimoxazil |
Bordclella pertussis |
ampyacilain. ERITrPMICI!! |
Ce([)alosporins(1). tetracycline, chlorine Mi|>e nicol |
|
Francisella tuiarensis |
Tularemia |
Tetrs1tsik,<ин, рифам пицц и |
Sizomycin, chlorine m fenn kil |
Brucella melitensis B nice 11 a abortus Bnicelia suis, etc. |
Brucellosis |
Tetracycline, rifampinsh-sh |
Rifampian, ko-tri mok saeol |
Tetracycline. DOC SI1^1 WEDGE |
Chlorine m pheny count, to about - three moksazol. rifampinians |
||
Pseudonionas mallei |
Tetracycline. dokecycline |
Rifampicin |
|
Borrelia burgdorferi Borrelia gainii Borrelia afreiii |
Lay m-borreliosis |
Penicillin, tetracycline, UeijiypoKCHM axetyl(zinnate) |
Erythrimic, csphalosporic (2,3) fluorohipolones |
Rickstonosis: typhus, Q fever, etc. |
Hetracycline, doxycycline |
Chloramphe nicol, rifampicin |
|
MycoplaBtria pieumonie |
ARI, pneumonia |
Getrainclin. arithromycin |
Rifampicin. FLUOROCHI NOL<1НЫ |
Cillamidia psittaci |
0 rnitosis, pneumonia, seooany meningitis |
tetracycline, doxycycaine |
Erythromycin. fluorohy poly, rifampicin, sumamed |
Continuation of Appendix 4
Note: 1. For cephalosporins, numbers in parentheses indicate their generations.
2. When severe flow infections, it is advisable to use the specified antibiotics With considering their compatibility.
Appendix 5
Undesirable effects in the interaction of antibiotics with various drugs (according to V.E. Novikov, 1994)
Antibiotics |
Interacting drug |
Side effect |
Ami foot and coaids |
Cephalosparinm. amphotericin, furosimide, carbenicillin, digoxia, muscle relaxants |
Increased nephrotoxicity, Decreased effect of aminoglycosides. Strengthening the effect of muscle relaxants |
BiseptoA |
Antn coagulin g1 |
Strengthening the effect of anticoagul) Similar posts
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