Pantothenic acid: what is it, instructions for use and composition. Mushrooms - mushrooms, chanterelles, oyster mushrooms, champignons. Pantothenic acid in dermatology

Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic acid or calcium pantothenate) is a water-soluble representative of the vitamin B group. Vitamin B5 is widely distributed in nature, hence its name - Pantothenic acid - in Greek "pantothen" means "everywhere".

Pantothenic acid is a light yellow, viscous, oily substance with a melting point of 75 - 80 °C. It is readily soluble in methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, dioxane, pyridine, poorly soluble in diethyl ether and higher alcohols, practically insoluble in benzene and chloroform. Vitamin B5 tolerates a neutral environment well, but is easily destroyed when heated in an alkaline and acidic environment.

In medicine, more stable salts of pantothenic acid are used. They are colorless crystals; well soluble in water, worse - in methanol, ethanol and practically insoluble in acetone, diethyl ether and chloroform; resistant to air and aqueous solutions in the range of pH 5.5 - 7.0.

Vitamin B5 was discovered in 1933 by R. Williams, and a decade later this substance was synthesized chemically.

FUNCTIONS OF VITAMIN B5 IN THE BODY

Vitamin B5 is absorbed in the small intestine. Once in the blood, it is partially captured by red blood cells and transformed into coenzyme A. The rest circulates in a free state. Pantothenic acid is distributed to all tissues, where it is also used for the synthesis of coenzyme A. Excretion is via the kidneys.

The most important function of vitamin B5 is its ability to stimulate the production of adrenal hormones - glucocorticoids, which makes pantothenic acid powerful tool for the treatment of diseases such as arthritis, colitis, allergies and heart disease.

Another important function of pantothenic acid is the conversion of vitamin B4 in the brain into the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which plays a very important role in the brain and throughout the nervous system, since it is used to pass all connecting signals, including impulses from the senses. This explains the high concentration of vitamin B5 in brain cells.

An important function of vitamin B5 is to help the immune system produce antibodies. Pantothenic acid contributes rapid healing wounds, increases the barrier properties of the mucous membranes, protecting the body from infections.

Vitamin B5 takes an active part in the synthesis of hemoglobin, cholesterol and corticosteroids necessary to resist physical and emotional stress.

Vitamin B5 performs an important function in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and fats and therefore pantothenic acid important for the maintenance and repair of all tissue cells.

Vitamin B5 takes an active part in the synthesis of fatty acids, the lack of which leads to a deterioration in long-term memory, sleep disturbance, and the development of the syndrome chronic fatigue, as well as violation fat metabolism which directly affects the condition of the skin and hair.

Vitamin B5 performs an important function of regulating the synthesis and metabolism of cholesterol in the body. Pantothenic acid actively inhibits the appearance of “bad” cholesterol and thus prevents clogging of arteries with cholesterol plaques.

Vitamin B5 treats allergies, helps hair grow, eliminates many skin diseases. By stimulating the activity of the heart, pantothenic acid delays aging and the formation of wrinkles.

Pantothenic acid prevents the development of obesity by inhibiting the formation of those fat cells that can accumulate and store a large amount of fat in the body.

Pantothenic acid stimulates all processes of cellular metabolism, increases the secretion and acidity of gastric juice, affects blood clotting, and is necessary for the synthesis of hemoglobin.

Vitamin B5 has a beneficial effect on the cardiovascular vascular system, expanding small vessels. As a result, blood circulation improves, which contributes to the rapid removal of various toxins and waste products from the body on the one hand and improves the supply of nutrients on the other.

Among the most essential functions of vitamin B5 is the absorption of other vitamins.

An important function of vitamin B5 is to reduce the side and toxic effects of many antibiotics.

daily requirement

The exact daily human need for pantothenic acid has not been established. Most experts recommend the following daily doses of vitamin B5:
- for children under 1 year 2 - 3 mg;
- for children from 1 to 13 years old, depending on age and sex, 3-7 mg;
- for teenagers 7 - 9 mg;
- for adults 10 - 12 mg;
- for pregnant women 15 - 20 mg;
- for nursing mothers 15 - 20 mg.

An increased daily requirement for vitamin B5 is necessary for the elderly, as they have impaired absorption of pantothenic acid from food.

For people involved in sports physical labor, hard mental work who lives in adverse conditions, in the regions of the Far North, in hot climates, an increased daily dose of vitamin B5 is also needed.

An increased daily requirement for vitamin B5 is necessary for:
- reception sulfa drugs, sleeping pills, estrogen and caffeine;
- alcohol and drug use;
- stress;
- tingling in the hands and feet;
- consumption of low-calorie or insufficiently nutrient-dense food;
- exhausting chronic diseases(sprue, celiac disease, regional enteritis);
- Recent surgery.

Do not take doses in excess of daily requirement in vitamin B5 more than 5 times. During heavy physical and psychological stress, it is recommended daily dose increase to 60 mg per day.

Pantothenic acid is found quite widely in both plant and animal products. AT a small amount it is also synthesized in the human intestine. The table makes it possible to visually see which foods contain more vitamin B5 and which ones contain less.

At heat treatment products, a significant amount of vitamin B5 (up to 50%) is destroyed, and when frozen, products lose about 30% of pantothenic acid. Therefore, when preparing foods rich in vitamin B5, exposure time should be limited. high temperature, exclude freezing and, if possible, try to consume such products in their raw form.

Individual products foods that are classified as fast food (chips, carbonated drinks, canned food) Negative influence on the beneficial bacteria our intestines, which leads to a decrease in their production of pantothenic acid.

Only with a healthy lifestyle can you save optimal amount vitamin B5 in the body. If a person treats food carelessly, and on healthy lifestyle life is not enough time, then he does not receive vitamin B5 at all: neither from food, nor from the intestinal flora.

Lack of vitamin B5 in the body

A lack of vitamin B5 can lead to a low content of proteins, fats, vitamin C, B vitamins, diseases small intestine, as well as long-term use of many antibiotics and sulfonamides.

The structure of metabolism has changed a lot over the past decades, due to the appearance of ready-made meals and semi-finished products in our refrigerators. Also everywhere there is a shortage of substances that interact with pantothenic acid. So there is a lack of vitamin B5.

A lack of pantothenic acid can lead to:
- pain in the joints;
- numbness of the hands and feet, accompanied by tingling;
- emergence burning pain in the fingers and soles, extending to the lower leg ("burning of the legs");
- lowering blood pressure and accelerated heart rate;
- decrease in the body's resistance to infections, to frequently occurring acute respiratory diseases;
- disruption of work nervous system: fatigue, depression, sleep disorders (drowsiness or insomnia), weakness, mood disorders (irritability or apathy);
- hair loss;
- premature gray hair;
- ulcer duodenum;
- adrenal hypofunction;
- disruption of work immune system: various infectious diseases(especially respiratory tract);
- weakening of vision and memory;
- deterioration of the skin condition: it becomes dry, flabby, ages, dermatitis and eczema occur, and its color may be disturbed. Including fade eyes;
- constipation;
- small cracks in the corners of the mouth.

Excess vitamin B5

Vitamin B5 is a water-soluble compound, so it is easily excreted from the body and has no toxic effects. Thanks to this, even excess amount pantothenic acid in food will not lead to any pathological conditions - excess vitamin B5 is removed from the human body naturally.

An overdose of vitamin B5 is possible with prolonged use of monopreparations and with uncontrolled use. multivitamin complexes with high doses of the vitamin.

Upper allowable level vitamin B5 intake has not been established. AT rare cases there are symptoms such as pallor skin, nausea, vomiting. A doctor should be consulted if the patient has a history of hemophilia.

Application

The most important property pantothenic acid is its ability to stimulate the production of adrenal hormones - glucocorticoids, which makes vitamin B5 a powerful tool for the treatment of diseases such as arthritis, colitis, allergies and heart disease.

Vitamin B5 is used to reduce stressful condition body after surgery, as well as during recovery from illness.

Pantothenic acid is used in gastrointestinal diseases non-infectious nature(gastroduodenitis, etc.) For the treatment of many skin diseases, as well as depigmentation (white spots on the body). For the treatment of allergies.

In the treatment of acne, vitamin B5 in large doses was very effective tool. Calcium pantothenate is used for complex therapy withdrawal symptoms in people who suffer from alcoholism.

When taken along with vitamin C, vitamin B 5 promotes faster healing of wounds, as well as proper formation connective tissue.

Preparations containing pantothenic acid include: Calcium pantothenate, Supradin, Vitrum Beauty. Also, vitamin B5 is a part of the following dietary supplements: Alphabet Cosmetic, Duovit Sharm.

Release form of vitamin B5 - tablets. Swallow whole with a full glass of water. Do not crush or chew. In the absence of a special prescription from the attending physician, it should be taken at the same time as a meal or one hour after a meal.

Store in a dry cool dark place, do not freeze. Do not store in the bathroom. Elevated temperature and humidity can change the effect of vitamin B5.

PANTOTHENIC ACID (VITAMIN B5)

GENERAL INFORMATION

Vitamin B5) - water soluble vitamin, so absolutelydoes not stay long in the body and requires constant replenishment of its reserves. Vitamin B5 in pure form was isolated in 1939 from the liver of mammals. Like other B vitamins, pantothenic acid is active substance necessary for every living organism. In 1940, it was possible to find out chemical structure pantothenic acid and carry out its synthesis in the form of a calcium salt (calcium pantothenate). The formula of pantothenic acid is C 9 H 17 0 5 N.

Pantothenic acid widely distributed in natural animal foods and plant origin, and therefore its name comes from the Greek word "pantos", which means "omnipresent". Pantothenic acid is found in all tissues of animals and plants, mainly in bound form, but also found in free form.

The empirical formula of the compound is C 9 H17N O 5

Despite the ubiquity of pantothenic acid in nature, a person may experience a lack of a substance. Abundance of white bread, convenience foods, chips, canned food and shortages fresh vegetables, fruits, meat products in the diet leads to the fact that vitamin B5 practically does not enter the body, as a result, hypovitaminosis occurs.

Due to the deficiency of the compound, metabolism first of all suffers, digestion worsens, and the immune-protective function decreases. A person becomes susceptible to inflammatory processes - SARS. This is due to the fact that Pantothenic acid and the coenzyme A synthesized with its participation is involved in many processes: in the oxidation of fatty acids and carbohydrates, in the synthesis of amino acids, fatty acids, ketones, cholesterol, phospholipids, steroid hormones, neurotransmitters (for example, acetylcholine) and antibodies

In order for pantothenic acid to be preserved in the maximum number in dishes, you should stop eating frozen, canned foods, food with long term storage, which includes vinegar essence, as well as cook in the most gentle mode: over low heat, extremely quickly under a closed lid.

PHYSIOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Vitamin B5- a viscous substance of light yellow color with a melting point of 80 degrees. The compound is highly soluble in acetic acid, water, ethyl, bad - in ether, amyl alcohol, organic solvents. Calcium pantothenate, reacting with water, forms colorless crystalline salts: calcium, sodium. Vitamin B5 is thermolabile. It is especially unstable when heated in alkalis and acids, hydrolyzing with the release of lactone a,g-dioxy-b, pantolactone, b-alanine through the amide bond. In neutral solutions, calcium pantothenate and its salts are relatively stable.

Amide - pantothenamid, pantothenol - produced by B5, are formed in the process of replacing the carboxyl group with an alcohol one. The latter compound has a high vitamin activity for animals, as a result, it acts as an acid antagonist for a group of microorganisms.

Another, no less valuable, substance in wildlife is pantetheine, obtained by the interaction of calcium pantothenate with b-mercaptoethylamine (cysteamine). When oxidized, it is processed into disulfite - pantethine. The bioproduct of pantothenic acid is part of coenzyme A.

METABOLISM OF VITAMIN B5

Daily intestinal microflora healthy body synthesizes 3.4 milligrams of vitamin B5. After food intake, pantothenic acid is absorbed by diffusion directly from the intestine into the blood, tissues, where it is subsequently captured by red blood cells and actively transformed into coenzyme forms - coenzyme-A and phosphopanthothein. The rest of the substance circulates in the body in a free state. catabolism organic compounds non-protein nature is based on their hydrolysis, while the "waste" calcium pantothenate and its metabolites are excreted in the urine.

Vitamin B5 is sensitive to heat, heat treatment of foods rich in a useful compound leads to a loss of 50% of the substance. It is destroyed not only under the influence of dry heat (grill, oven), but also as a result of exposure to solutions of acids, alkalis, which are used in the processing of food products, for example, during canning, freezing.

It is important to remember that pantothenic acid is found in foods only in protein form and is released by enzymes.

VALUE OF VITAMIN B5

Pantothenic acid is involved in protein, fat, carbohydrate metabolism, cholesterol metabolism, the synthesis of a number of hormones, hemoglobin, promotes the absorption of amino acids and sugars in the intestine, supports the function of the adrenal cortex. A lack of pantothenic acid can lead to damage to the skin and mucous membranes.

Vitamin B5 is a structural component of the key substance of metabolism - coenzyme A, which is involved in the course of all types of metabolism - protein, lipid, carbohydrate, in the synthesis of hemoglobin, choline, the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, corticosteroids, hormones of the adrenal cortex and in the processes of detoxification of the body by transferring acyl residues.

Given the fact that inside our body, vitamin B5 and its derivatives interact with a large number of substances, it is impossible to list them completely. However, in order to verify the significance of the connection, consider the most significant of them. These are cholesterol, acetylcholine, fats, fatty acid, histamine, hemoglobin, amino acids, carbohydrates.

Participating in the synthesis and metabolic processes of such a variety of substances, for the proper functioning of all systems, internal organs it is important to ensure a regular supply of calcium pantothenate in sufficient quantities.

Consider why the body needs vitamin B5.

1. The activity of the adrenal glands. Scientists have proven that the cortex of these organs is the most efficient gland in humans, which is capable of producing hormones for six hours a day, but for this it needs significant reserves of calcium pantothenate to fight pathogenic microbes, increased psycho-emotional stress. First of all, acid is involved in the synthesis of hormones endocrine glands. At the stage of formation, all glucocorticoids are associated with coenzyme A, and one way or another, their production in sufficient quantities - reliable prevention the occurrence of allergies, colitis, arthritis, heart disease. Vitamin B5 has an anti-inflammatory effect. Participating in the flow metabolic processes in the adrenal cortex, it synthesizes glucocorticoids, which "turn on" defensive reaction organism in the event of the introduction of foreign microorganisms.
2. Synthesis of fatty acids. As you know, these monobasic carboxylic substances are necessary for the connection of fats and the normal functioning of the brain. As a result, vitamin B5 normalizes metabolism and activates human mental activity. side effect- the deposition of fats in the body is regulated. Therefore, pantothenic acid is an essential vitamin for weight loss and elimination of metabolic problems.
3. The work of the nervous system. Calcium pantothenate is involved in the synthesis of mediators, hormones, neurotransmitters that provide proper development nervous system in children, adolescents, adults. A daily intake of 5 milligrams of vitamin B5 prevents the onset of Alzheimer's disease and senile dementia. from the sense organs), which explains high concentration beneficial compound in brain cells.
4. Maintaining immunity. Unlike vitamins A and E, which fight against free radicals, bacteria, viruses, activating the protective function of the body, biological role pantothenic acid is the synthesis of antibodies. B5 deficiency leads to a sharp decrease in the number of immunoglobulins, as a result, a person becomes most vulnerable to pernicious influence pathogens from outside.
5. Normalization of cholesterol metabolism. Calcium pantothenate inhibits the process of plaque clogging of arteries by regulating the synthesis of fatty acids. Thanks to given property, vitamin B5 is a natural “drug” that effectively fights atherosclerosis.
6. Energy production. Pantothenic acid starts the process of lipolysis in the body - the release of triglycerides from fat cells with their subsequent burning. The course of these procedures is accompanied by the production of additional energy, which is needed during intense physical exertion and increased mental work.
7. Promotes rapid healing of wounds, tissue renewal, restoration of the barrier properties of the mucous membranes.
8. Removes depressive disorders, forgetfulness, distraction, doubt.
9. Prevents side effects from antibiotics.
10. Reduces pain in rheumatoid arthritis.

In addition, pantothenic acid is needed to maintain healthy skin and hair. It prevents the formation of wrinkles, premature appearance age spots, restrains early gray hair. Participating in the synthesis of corticosteroids and hemoglobin, B5 has positive influence to fight stress.

Calcium pantothenate is the only vitamin that can be absorbed through the skin, thanks to this property, the substance is used in the production of anti-burn drugs, cosmetics.

So re-evaluate positive properties organic matter is extremely difficult, since the slightest flaw will immediately hit the work of almost all organs and systems.

HYPOVITAMINOSIS OF VITAMIN B5

Consider the sequence of symptoms of pantothenic acid deficiency.

1. Fatigue, fatigue. The reason for the appearance of these reactions is that calcium pantothenate is consumed at the highest rate in the muscles, and the lack of connection in the muscles leads to a drop in the performance of the body as a whole.
2. Nervous disorders. First of all, hypovitaminosis leads to sleep disturbance. Further, as a result chronic sleep deprivation the work of the central nervous system worsens, psycho-emotional overstrain occurs, burning in the toes, depression develops.
3. Headaches, muscle pains. Especially often, athletes experience pain in the muscles, with a deficiency of B5. This phenomenon occurs as a result of a violation of metabolic processes that lead to the complete utilization of lactic acid. As a result, the athlete experiences muscle pain, feels tired like after a hard marathon.
4. Deterioration of the condition of the skin (the appearance of dermatitis, seborrhea, eczema), hair loss, growth retardation and fragility of the nail plate.
5. Digestive disorders. At the first stages characteristic symptoms hypovitaminosis of pantothenic acid in the human body - lack of appetite and nausea, if you do not make up for the lack of an organic compound, chronic indigestion of food develops, constant occurrence diarrhea, constipation, peptic ulcer, gastritis and cholecystitis.
6. "Burning" attacks of pain in the legs at night (not cramps), accompanied by sharp redness skin in the area of ​​the feet.
7. Metabolic disorders that lead to an imbalance in the hormonal background of women. These problems are especially dangerous during menopause, because they can cause not only sharp drops pressure, but also ataxia.
8. Slowdown (rarely - stop) growth in adolescents, weight loss.
9. Exhaustion caused by indigestion, constant fatigue.
10. Weakening of the immune system, susceptibility to acute respiratory diseases.
11. Kidney dysfunction associated with improper production various hormones. As a rule, problems with the urinary organs occur extremely rarely, on advanced stages hypovitaminosis.
12. Diseases of the heart, blood vessels, caused by a violation of the synthesis of glucocorticoids, cholesterol. Clogged arteries lead to the development of atherosclerosis.
13. Visual disturbances (in some cases, the onset of blindness).

During World War II, the "burning feet" syndrome was widespread among prisoners of war in Japanese camps, which arose as a result of severe violation healthy eating. In addition, pantothenic acid deficiency in soldiers was accompanied by a violation mental activity, central scotoma, pale nipples optic nerves, blurred vision. At the same time, the inclusion in the diet of 30 milligrams of a mixture of B vitamins eliminated these phenomena, saved patients from glossitis, stomatitis, diseases of the cornea, sclera, and conjunctivitis.

FACTORS THAT CAUSE B5 DEFICIENCY

Consider the reasons why the body begins to experience a deficiency of a substance.

1. Prolonged use of sulfonamides, antibiotics. These drugs block the synthesis of active derivatives from vitamin B5. As a result, even with an abundance of pantothenic acid in food, the body may be deficient in the compound.
2. Lack of proteins, fats daily menu. The intake of proteins, triglycerides accelerates and facilitates the absorption of calcium pantothenate. Therefore, for men, women, and children who follow a vegetarian and raw food diet, care must be taken in shaping their diet to prevent the compound from not being absorbed.
3. Lack of vitamins B1, B2, C, which are actively involved in the synthesis of panthein and coenzyme-A.
4. Digestive disorders (impaired absorption of food) - malabsorption syndrome. In the event of the development of this disease, food with high content useful organic compounds pass through the body in transit (non-absorption of nutrients from food).

Deficiency of pantothenic acid leads to diseases of the blood, skin, nails, duodenal ulcers, hypoglycemia.

Given the fact that vitamin B5 is part of many products of plant and animal origin, the deficiency of the compound in the human body - a rare event, which, in most cases, occurs due to an unbalanced diet or under the influence of factors that contribute to the neutralization or non-absorption of a beneficial substance.

Hypervitaminosis B5 is more common. An excess of the compound is non-toxic to humans. A single intravenous injection of 500 milligrams of calcium pantothenate does not cause side effects from the body. In rare cases, there is dehydration, insomnia, agitation, increased heart rate, headache, nausea.

THE NEED OF THE BODY FOR PANTOTENIC ACID

Physiological needs for pantothenic acid according to Guidelines MP 2.3.1.2432-08 about norms physiological needs in energy and nutrients for various groups population of the Russian Federation:

• The upper acceptable intake level has not been established.
• The physiological need for adults is 5 mg / day (introduced for the first time).
• The physiological need for children is from 1.0 to 5.0 mg / day (introduced for the first time).

An additional intake of calcium pantothenate is prescribed in the following cases:

• with infectious diseases;
• consumption of low-calorie foods;
• in the postoperative period;
• during stress;
• people of retirement age (over 55 years);
• with polyneuritis, neuralgia, bronchial asthma, disorders of the central nervous system, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
• to improve the condition of nails, hair, skin;
• during antibiotic use.

Only the attending physician will be able to determine the required daily dose of the compound.

In case of progression dermatological diseases, one of the fundamental drugs of treatment is pantothenic acid, which is prescribed in a dose significantly exceeding the daily norm for healthy person(up to 1500 milligrams per day).

To fight acne the dosage of B5 increases to an impressive amount - up to 10,000 units per day.

SOURCES OF VITAMIN

Pantothenic acid is widely distributed in food products, which ensures its constant intake with food. Some foods (eg liver, egg yolk) contain pantothenic acid in very high amounts (Table 1).

Vitamins in human life are of great importance. They regulate many processes occurring in the body. The lack of these components leads to the development systemic diseases and severe pathologies. Vitamin B5, also known as pantothenic acid or calcium pantothenate, is also necessary for the full functioning of the human body.

Pantothenic acid is a representative of the B vitamins. It is a water-soluble substance that is sensitive to heat (50% of pantothenic acid is lost during cooking), to ultraviolet radiation and conservation.

Vitamin B5 was discovered at the beginning of the last century, when a group of scientists studied yeast growth enhancers. In 1933, Williams and Trousdale isolated a substance that apparently stimulated yeast growth. It was pantothenic acid. Her biochemical properties and the impact on human health have been actively studied since 1947.

Vitamin B5 is produced in significant quantities by the intestinal microflora, and also enters the body with food.

Therefore, the lack of pantothenic acid is extremely rare.

Vitamin B5 is found in many plant and animal foods.

Forms and types of vitamin B5

In products of plant or animal origin, vitamin B5 is in the form of an acid (pantothenic acid), and in synthetic analogues, the vitamin is presented as a calcium salt (calcium pantothenate). However, in one form and another, vitamin B5 retains its effectiveness.

The pharmaceutical industry produces the vitamin in the following forms:

• tablets and capsules;
• ampoules with solution for intramuscular and intravenous injections.

The benefits of pantothenic acid for the human body

When vitamin B5 enters the body, it is converted into the substance pantethine, which then combines with other components to become part of an enzyme called coenzyme A. This compound is involved in all metabolic processes of carbohydrates, proteins and fats.

Vitamin B5 promotes the release of fats from fat cells (the process of lipolysis) and their breakdown, which leads to the production of additional energy.

In addition, pantothenic acid is involved in the metabolism that occurs in the adrenal cortex, as a result of which glucocorticoids are synthesized. These hormones suppress the phases of acute and chronic inflammation.

Vitamin B5 is a participant in the most important processes of anabolism (formation complex substances from simple molecules) and catabolism (the breakdown of complex compounds into simple components).

As a result, pantothenic acid brings the following benefits to the body:

• raises vitality;
• helps eliminate any inflammation;
• stimulates the working capacity of the brain, eliminates absent-mindedness, improves memory, fights depression;
• improves the process of glucose uptake;
• produces substances important for the body;
• helps in hematopoiesis (formation of red blood cells, hemoglobin);
• takes part in the extraction excess fluid from the body;
• contributes to the immune system in the production of antibodies;
• improves the absorption of vitamin B1, B9 and enhances the effects of other vitamins;
• indirectly helps to cope with excess weight;
• promotes healing of wounds, burns;
• improves the protective functions of the mucous membranes, which are a barrier to various infections;
• makes hair healthy and shiny, prevents early gray hair;
• strengthens nails;
• heals the skin.

It should be noted that vitamin B5 during pregnancy contributes to normal formation nervous, cardiovascular, digestive and immune systems of the unborn baby. The participation of pantothenic acid in the production of hemoglobin avoids the development of anemia, which is often diagnosed in pregnant women.

Pantothenic acid is essential for normal development future baby

Compound breast milk directly depends on the diet of a nursing woman. Therefore, for the healthy and full development of all organs and systems of the baby, as well as for normal growth The child needs vitamin B5. Pantothenic acid helps the mother to maintain strength, get extra energy and avoid postpartum depression.

Adolescence is characterized by the fact that a “hormonal revolution” takes place in the body, against which some organs and systems may suffer. Vitamin B5 can prevent possible complications, because he is involved in many vital important processes. In addition, pantothenic acid normalizes psycho-emotional state teenagers.

For older people, vitamin B5 helps preserve memory and improve brain activity. It is also important that pantothenic acid is involved in the treatment of arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, and also prevents the aging process and the formation of wrinkles.

It is known that one of the reasons for the recruitment excess weight is a metabolic disorder, in particular, its slowdown. Vitamin B5 takes an active part in the metabolic process and normalizes it. In addition, pantothenic acid promotes the production of adrenal hormones that break down body fat. Therefore, vitamin B5 helps to lose weight.

Gout develops due to advanced level uric acid in the body. Crystals of this acid are deposited in the joints of the elbows, knees, fingers, feet and cause inflammatory processes. Pantothenic acid stimulates the production of glucocorticoids, which are successfully used to eliminate inflammation and treat arthritis, gout and other diseases.

During menopause, estrogen levels decrease. These are sex hormones that are responsible for normal functioning. reproductive system. In addition, estrogens affect the function of the cardiovascular system, normalize blood pressure and cholesterol levels, and are responsible for calcium metabolism and absorption. bone tissue improve brain activity. The level of estrogen is maintained by the adrenal glands, the normal functioning of which is ensured by vitamin B5, that is, taking pantothenic acid allows you to maintain health and youth during menopause.

Vitamin B5 is widely used in cosmetology. It can often be found in ready-made face and body creams. Such popularity is explained by the fact that with its positive effect on the skin, pantothenic acid is also well absorbed.

How does deficiency and excess of vitamin B5 manifest itself?

Pantothenic acid deficiency in the body is rarely diagnosed. Its lack can only happen with general exhaustion (anorexia) or with rigid mono-diets. With a lack of vitamin B5, there will be:

• fatigue and fatigue;
• insomnia;
• depressive state;
• muscle and headaches;
• disorders in the gastrointestinal tract: constipation, diarrhea, loss of appetite;
• the occurrence of diseases of the small intestine;
• skin diseases;
• burning pain in muscle tissue in the calf and foot area (especially at night);
• numbness of the toes;
• inhibition in the development of children;
• the occurrence of diseases of the cardiovascular system;
• a decrease in immunity in general.

It is quite difficult to notice the symptoms of an overdose of vitamin B5, since an overdose of pantothenic acid itself is almost impossible. Its excess is rapidly excreted in the urine. But in extremely rare cases, excess substances can be expressed in such manifestations:

• diarrhea;
• fluid retention in the body;
• pallor of the skin;
• nausea and vomiting.

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Indications for use

Despite the fact that vitamin B5 is sufficiently produced by the body itself and is found in many foods, sometimes it is still necessary to supplement with pantothenic acid. The basis for the start of admission is:

• anemia and toxicosis in pregnant women;
• disorders in the work of the nervous system;
• skin ailments;
• wounds and burns;
• allergies;
• joint pain;
• metabolic disease;
• problems with the thyroid gland;
• kidney and liver diseases;
• pancreatitis;
• malfunctions of the cardiovascular system;
• developmental delay in children;
• weak immunity;
• distraction and poor memory (especially in the elderly);
• prevention of atherosclerosis;
• alopecia and damaged hair.

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Daily intake of vitamin B5 for different categories of people

The consumption rate of pantothenic acid per day is presented in the table. The data are taken from the guidelines MP 2.3.1.2432 dated 12/18/2008, approved by the chief state physician Russian Federation G. G. Onishchenko.

Table: daily intake of vitamin B5

It should be noted that the maximum allowable amount of vitamin B5 has not been established, since its excess is immediately excreted from the body with urine.

How to determine the content of pantothenic acid in the body

It was noted above that a deficiency or excess of vitamin B5 in the body is observed in extremely rare cases. If, nevertheless, there is not enough pantothenic acid, or, on the contrary, its amount is too large, then outwardly this will manifest itself certain symptoms. Then you should definitely contact a qualified doctor who will prescribe the necessary this case tests and prescribe proper treatment.

Contraindications for use

The main contraindication to the use of vitamin B5 is:

• hypervitaminosis;
• hemophilia, because pantothenic acid increases the time of blood clotting.

There can be no allergy to vitamin B5, since this substance is produced in the right amount by the body itself.

What foods contain pantothenic acid?

Vitamin B5 is found in many foods, among which are:

• liver (6.8 mg);
• egg yolk (4 mg);
• mushrooms (most of all in white fungus - 2.7 mg; champignons - 2.1 mg);
• legumes (peas - 2.2 mg; beans - 1.2 mg);
• sea ​​fish (trout - 1.94 mg; herring, mackerel - 1.9 mg);
• nuts (peanuts - 1.767 mg; hazelnuts - 1.1 mg);
• soy (1.75 mg);
• cheese (1.2 mg);
• cauliflower (0.9 mg);
• milk (0.38 mg).

Pantothenic acid is included in almost all products, but the percentage of its content in them is slightly lower than in those listed.

Gallery: Foods Containing Pantothenic Acid

Daily use cow's milk in the morning strengthens the psyche and supplies the body with energy, providing a person with vigor Cauliflower is able to give women the beauty and radiance of hair, make the skin smooth and elastic The liver is the leader in the content of pantothenic acid Mushrooms are useful for diabetes, atherosclerosis, cancer, blood pressure As part of egg yolk a large amount of vitamin B5. Fish saturates the body with high-quality protein, which affects the skin, skeletal system, hair, teeth. Soy reduces the effect of menopause on a woman's body. Namely, it allows you to fight osteoporosis and hot flashes Thanks to a large number proteins in cheese, it is good for body tissues All types of nuts contain pantothenic acid

Preparations containing calcium pantothenate

Vitamin B5 is found in many medical preparations in the form of calcium pantothenate. On the pharmacy shelves you can find the following medicines:

• calcium pantothenate. The drug is available in the form of tablets. They are prescribed to pregnant women during toxicosis;
• brewer's yeast. Release form - capsules. The tool is used to treat skin diseases and for weight gain;
• Pantothenic acid (pantothenic acid). The drug is presented in the form of gelatin capsules. The medicine is used to eliminate muscle pain, for treatment nervous disorders and fighting depression
• vitamin complexes:
  • Perfectil - is prescribed for dry skin, dermatitis, psoriasis;
  • Vitrum superstress - used to eliminate depression, headaches, increased fatigue;
  • Doppelhertz active from A to Zinc - helps to improve mental performance;
  • Supradin (Dragee) - taken for general strengthening body and improve metabolism;
  • Elevit Pronatal. A vitamin complex known to all women who have given birth. It is prescribed for expectant and nursing mothers.

Gallery: preparations with vitamin B5

Elevit is prescribed for pregnant women and nursing mothers
Pantothenic acid is taken to relieve muscle pain
Doppelhertz is prescribed to improve memory
Qualified specialists may prescribe an additional intake of vitamin B5 Brewer's yeast shows nice results in the treatment of acne Effective vitamin complex for skin, nails and hair

Features of use in different categories of people

If a person does not suffer from exhaustion, then a special use of vitamin B5 is not required, because there is always enough of it in the body. Additional reception pantothenic acid can only be prescribed by a doctor.

During pregnancy planning, during childbearing and subsequent breastfeeding special vitamin complexes are prescribed, which also contain vitamin B5. But the drug itself, its dose, schedule and duration of administration are determined by a qualified specialist.

Children infancy the required amount of pantothenic acid is obtained from mother's milk or from milk mixtures.

Elderly people and women in menopause additional intake of vitamin B5 can only be recommended by a supervising physician.

Application in cosmetology

Pantothenic acid in cosmetology is used to rejuvenate the skin, tighten the contour of the face and smooth wrinkles. In addition, vitamin B5 effectively affects oily and problematic skin prone to various rashes. Pantothenic acid normalizes the activity of the sebaceous glands. Therefore, many women use vitamin ampoule solutions in homemade acne masks.

Mask with kefir and honey

Ingredients:

• vitamin B5 - 1 ampoule;
• kefir - 2 tbsp. l.;
• honey - 1 tbsp. l.;
• lemon juice - 0.5 tsp

Heat kefir to 35-40 ° C, add honey and lemon juice to it. Mix everything thoroughly and pour in a solution of vitamin B5. Apply the resulting mixture to the skin and leave for 20 minutes. Then wash off the mask warm water and apply moisturizer to your face. The procedure can be repeated 1-2 times a week.

Instead of pantothenic acid solution, brewer's yeast can be used. them in this recipe you will need 1 tsp.

Vitamin mask with kefir and honey helps to get rid of acne

Composition with clay

Ingredients:

• white or green clay- 1 tbsp. l.;
• water - 2 tsp;
• vitamin B5 - 1 ampoule.

Clay should be diluted with water to a creamy state and vitamin B5 should be added to it. Apply the resulting composition to the skin and rinse with warm water after 30 minutes. You can repeat the mask 1-2 times a week.

Side effects

Side effects from the use of vitamin B5 can occur only with a strong overdose of any drug containing calcium pantothenate. In this case, you can observe the same symptoms as with an excess of vitamin B5 in the body. It is also possible the appearance allergic reactions to drug components.

Interaction with other substances

Vitamin B5 makes heart medications that stimulate the contraction of the heart muscle more effective.

In the treatment of tuberculosis, drugs are used that have a strong toxic effect. Pantothenic acid helps to significantly reduce Negative consequences from such an impact.

Vitamin B5 improves the absorption of vitamins B9 and B1.

With the abuse of alcohol, as well as when taking contraceptive drugs the utilization of pantothenic acid worsens.

Good day, my friends. If you are tormented by SARS or depression, this article is a real find for you. After all, today we will talk about a very important element. It affects both the physical and emotional-mental state. What is this super important element? This is pantothenic acid, known to many as vitamin B5.

B5 is a water-soluble element that is found in all cells of our body. Like the rest of the B vitamins, this element plays a large role in energy metabolism. It also acts as a coenzyme for the production of energy in chemical reactions.

Moreover, B5 is involved in the synthesis of carbohydrates and fats that we take from foods. He turns them into useful energy and then our body uses it. The vitamin also plays a big role in maintaining normal performance. digestive tract. As a result, it helps to increase our immunity.

Studies have revealed that pantothenate plays an important role in many processes:

• helps transform nutrients into energy;
• balances blood sugar levels;
• reduces high blood pressure;
• reduces the level bad cholesterol;
• prevents nerve damage;
• serves as a prevention of heart failure;
• carries out the synthesis of sex hormones and plays an important role in the production of hormones of joy in the adrenal glands.

It has a beneficial effect on the skin. For example, it speeds up the healing process of wounds. And B5 helps moisturize the skin and smoothes wrinkles. It is also important for those who want to be young and slim. After all, this element slows down the aging of the body and protects against obesity.

It is also important for hair - it stimulates the growth of new hairs and gives the hair a luxurious look. Also, this element protects against premature graying. How it affects the hair, read on.

B5 deficiency symptoms

Since this vitamin is found in almost all foods, its deficiency is extremely rare. Basically, shortages occur in people due to malnutrition and a lack of daily calories.

However, B5 deficiency can occur in combination with other vitamin deficiencies. This condition is characterized by the following symptoms:

• prostration;
• depression, nervousness, sleep disturbances;
• stomach pain, vomiting;
• muscle spasms;
• hormonal disruptions, severe toxicosis (during pregnancy).

Deficiency will also affect your appearance. Your skin will become less elastic and may become irritated. Your hair will be dull and lifeless, and the color will not be as intense.

The group of people who are at risk of developing B5 deficiency is not small. There are women who take contraceptives, people who are severely malnourished and often drink alcohol. Also here are people with impaired absorption of vitamins and minerals due to certain drugs or intestinal disorders.

What foods contain vitamin B5

Sources of B5 are both plants and animal products. These include meat, organ meats, beans and legumes, some nuts and seeds, milk, and eggs. There are many ways to receive daily right amount this vitamin. Nowadays, thanks to a wide variety of products and supplements, the percentage of diseases associated with hypovitaminosis has been reduced.

Here is a list of foods high in the vitamin. The percentages in the table are based on the recommended daily requirement for adults (5 mg per 100%).

Include these foods in your diet regularly. So you will get plenty of this element. Since this vitamin is water soluble, large doses cannot harm your health. So if you eat more than 100 grams of liver, then nothing will happen 🙂 The body itself will remove what it does not need.

Instructions for use

For kids:

For adults:

During pregnancy and lactation, the need for this element increases. also in more B5 need people who perform heavy physical work, and athletes.

We usually get enough pantothenic acid with food. However, in some cases, additional supplements may be required. I looked for where you can buy in a pharmacy and did not find it. Previously, pantothenic acid was sold in ampoules and tablets. The preparation contained 0.1 g active substance. Now they are produced only as part of complex additives.

Found where to buy this vitamin only on the iherb website. I looked in our online stores, there are the same brand names. But of course the price is higher. The preparations contain from 100 to 1000 mg, are available in tablets and capsules. See what dosage the doctor will prescribe for you. Although in practice, an overdose is extremely rare, since it is a water-soluble vitamin. And all the excess is excreted by the body. Only when pregnant or breastfeeding, do not exceed the recommended dose.

TOP 7 benefits for the body

The advantages of this element for our body are considerable. I will list the most significant of them.

1. Healthy heart. Pantothenic acid helps maintain normal cholesterol levels in the arteries and prevents the formation of dangerous plaques. And it protects against heart attack or stroke ( 1 ). Another benefit of B5 is that it helps the body create red blood cells that carry oxygen throughout the body. It has been proven that the vitamin increases the level of hemoglobin in our body.
2. Converts food into energy. All vitamins help us convert carbohydrates into glucose, which is used as fuel for the body. It does this through the synthesis of an enzyme known as coenzyme-A (CoA). It breaks down sugar into the form of glucose for energy. B vitamins help the body synthesize and metabolize proteins and fats. And they help our body use the consumed products to restore tissues, muscles and organs.
3. Helps to cope with stress. Vitamin B5 is partly responsible for regulating adrenal function and creating the stress hormone cortisol ( 3 ). When we lack this element, we lose our ability to respond effectively to stress. Sleep problems, mood swings, weight gain or loss.

Research results have shown that vitamin B5 enhances the action of cholinesterase inhibitors. These drugs are used to treat Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, be sure to take B5 under the supervision of a doctor.

There are sources showing that the vitamin can interfere with the absorption and effectiveness of tetracycline antibiotics. It is not recommended to take them together. In the same way, in relation to antibiotics, all B vitamins act in the form of supplements.

At the same time, B5 enhances the absorption of potassium. Similarly, vitamins affect drugs aimed at improving intestinal motility, and cardiac glycosides. But barbiturates, caffeine and alcohol remove B5 from the body. This element is also intensively removed by diuretics.

I am sure that now you can accurately say: "Vitamin B5 - what is it." And if necessary, you can bring Interesting Facts about this element. Lecture your friends on the importance of pantothenic acid, or send them a link to this article. And I take my leave - until we meet again. Bye Bye!

Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid or Calcium Pantothenate)- is a water-soluble vitamin responsible for the production of intracellular energy, the absorption of other vitamins, the production of hormones and antibodies, and is used in the treatment of colitis, arthritis and allergies.

The most significant danger will not even be a violation of the immune system, but problems with the kidneys and cardiovascular system, which will occur due to hormonal disruptions.

With a deficiency of B5, the following are possible:

• Rapid fatigue
• Disorder of the nervous system
• Pain in the muscles
• Headache and migraine
• Disorders of the digestive system
• Sleep disturbance and pain in the legs during sleep
• Deterioration of the skin
• Hair loss
• Hormonal disruptions
• Kidney dysfunction
• Diseases of the heart and cardiovascular system

Sources of B5 in food

Pantothenic acid is often found in animal foods, unfortunately for vegetarians. The best source of B5 is the liver and kidneys. Eggs and caviar are slightly less useful. In general, seafood and dairy products contain adequate amounts of B5 when consumed regularly.

For Vegetarians the best source acids will become wheat bran and yeast. If you do not deny yourself mushroom dishes, then it will be enough to eat champignons a couple of times a week. The vitamin is also present in legumes and green vegetables. Try different dishes and get full complex necessary for the body vitamins.

A good and versatile source of B5 are nuts, they contain many useful material, including unsaturated fatty acids.

Unfortunately, it's not as easy as you thought. Vitamin B5 is not very stable, it is destroyed during heat treatment and oxidized in the light. When cooking (boiling, boiling and frying), you will lose more than half of the vitamin from food.

There are only 2 solutions in this situation:

1. Need to saturate the diet fresh fruit and vegetables, and fish and meat should be consumed after cold smoking.
2. An alternative would be vitamin B5 in capsules or ampoules, which can be bought at a pharmacy or ordered from an online store.

Instructions for use

Daily requirement for vitamin B5

From the age of 10, we need 5 to 7 mg of the vitamin. The greater the load, the more vitamin we need. The same applies various diseases preventing the absorption of vitamins (intestinal disease) and lactation in women.

Newborns need 2 mg of the vitamin daily, and in children after 7 years, the need doubles.

Pantothenic acid is prescribed by doctors for metabolic disorders, allergies, diseases of the liver, nervous and respiratory systems.

Other conditions for use: skin irritation, eczema, burns and wounds.

Vitamin can be prescribed to pregnant women with toxicosis, patients for the prevention of atony.

Vitamin overdose

B5 is non-toxic. This water-soluble vitamin is quickly excreted from the body and is harmless to humans.

Top Manufacturers of Pantothenic Acid

We studied the information about vitamin B5 based on 500+ customer reviews from the iHerb store. Our rating is based on quality, price and nutritional content.

Our favorite was an American manufacturer offering pantothenic acid at a low price. Their packaging costs the same as competitors, but contains 2.5 times more capsules (250 pieces). With good reviews and a high rating, Naw Foods vitamin deserves our recommendation.