How to find out which tooth is milk or molar. Proper care for normal development. Do all dairy change to indigenous

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The process of the appearance of teeth in a child is always interesting to parents, so they keep track of which milk ones have fallen out and which permanent ones have come out. However, there are situations when it is not clear whether this is baby tooth in the mouth of a peanut or already root. How are they different and how can you recognize them?

What is the difference?

Dairy

This is the name of the first teeth that appear in a baby under the age of 2.5-3 years. They begin to erupt in most babies at 6 or 7 months, when mandible babies "peck" the first central incisor. Soon his “partner” also comes out, after which the incisors are cut on upper jaw, lateral incisors below, first molars, canines and second molars until the child has 20 teeth.

This amount will remain until about 5-6 years, after - the time will come for the eruption of the first molars.

Change of milk teeth to molars begins at the age of 6-7 years

Indigenous

That's what they call permanent teeth, which begin to be cut on average at 6-7 years of age. The first of the molars to erupt, occupying the sixth place in the dentition, and only after that the milk teeth begin to fall out, and in their place they begin to be cut. permanent replacement. At the same time, there are more molars - there are 32 of them in total, although in childhood in most cases, only 28 of them are cut through.

The last four (“wisdom” teeth) appear later than the others, sometimes even over the age of 30-40 years.

If a child's milk teeth erupt only 20, then the molars will have at least 28

How to distinguish dairy from indigenous?

It is possible to determine whether a tooth belongs to milk teeth or to indigenous teeth by its:

Size and form. Temporary - small in size and more rounded, and indigenous - larger.
Coloring. The color of milk teeth is often white with an indistinct blue tint, and permanent ones, due to the presence of more mineralized tissues, are distinguished by a yellowish tint of enamel.
Location. The growth of dairy occurs vertically, and the molars are slightly directed with their crowns outward to the lips and cheeks.

Let's take a closer look at how to understand whether a milk tooth is in a baby's mouth or is already permanent, taking into account its serial number in the dentition (the number is counted from the midline outward):

If the tooth is the sixth or seventh, then it is the root, because there will be only five milk teeth on each side of the jaw.
If you are looking at the fourth and fifth tooth, pay attention to the crown. Milk teeth in this place are distinguished by wider crowns and the presence of four chewing tubercles. If these are already permanent teeth, which are called premolars, they will differ in a smaller number of cusps (there are only two of them on each tooth) and narrower crowns. In a disputable situation, the tooth is compared with a similar one on the other side of the dental arch.
When deciding whether a third tooth (canine) is permanent or milk in a child, its shape and size should also be taken into account. Milk fangs are smaller, and by the time of the physiological change, their sharp tips are worn out. The permanent canine teeth are longer, and their tubercle has a distinct pointed apex.
Looking closely at the incisors (the first and second teeth), first of all, their size is also taken into account. If they are temporary, they are about 4-5 mm wide and about 5-6 mm high. In permanent incisors, the width of the crowns is greater - about 10 mm at the central and about 6-8 mm at the side. In addition, at the age of eruption of permanent incisors, their cutting edges are uneven (with small tubercles), while in milk incisors, by this age, the edge will always be smooth and even.

Do all dairy change to indigenous?

In order for a child to have molars, absolutely all milk teeth must fall out. Some mothers think that milk molars, due to their large size, are permanent and do not fall out, but this is not so. They will also fall out in due time, allowing the permanent premolars and molars to erupt.

Wisdom tooth - indigenous or milk?

Wisdom teeth are the four teeth that erupt last. According to their location in the dentition, they are also called "eights". Since they represent the 29th, 30th, 31st, and 32nd teeth in a person's mouth, there is no way they can be milk teeth, because there are only twenty milk teeth. In addition, they are cut at the age of over 17 years, when not a single milk tooth should normally remain in the child's mouth.

Wisdom teeth are undoubtedly molars

What to do if the root grows behind the dairy?

The situation when the molar tooth has already “hatched”, and the milk tooth is in no hurry to fall out is not uncommon. In this case, you should wait a while, allowing the milk tooth to loosen and leave the dentition.

If more than three months have passed since the appearance of a permanent tooth, and the milk remains in the gum, it is worth going with the child to the dentist.

Can the root stay in the gum?

Starting from the age of five, the roots of milk teeth begin to dissolve. This process takes quite a long time, for example, the root of each incisor resolves within two years, and it takes about three years for the complete resorption of the roots of molars. However, all roots dissolve sooner or later, and only after that the teeth fall out, so they cannot remain in the gum.

Changing milk teeth to permanent teeth usually takes place without special problems. However, many parents worry that some processes may go wrong. Therefore, regularly monitor the condition of the baby's teeth. Some wonder how to distinguish a milk tooth from a permanent one, especially when it comes to molars. Indeed, when a child is 9-10 years old, this can become a problem - the incisors have already come out and there are no questions with them, but there is confusion with the distant teeth. How to learn to distinguish them ー let's figure it out together.

Tooth classifications

To begin with, it is worth clarifying the terminology, since many people understand the word molars to be permanent teeth. Although these are concepts from different classifications.

The following types of teeth are distinguished:

incisorsー these are the front teeth (“ones” and “twos”), they have a sharp edge, they serve to bite off pieces of food;
fangsー slightly thicker teeth, used for tearing dense food;
small indigenous(premolars) ー these are "fours" and "five" in the dentition;
large indigenous(molars) ー sixes, sevens and eights. Large teeth with a wide chewing surface, serve, like premolars, for grinding food.

That is, these types can also be dairy, but with their own characteristics ー in children, only the first and second molars are isolated from the chewing ones. And it is with the molars that problems arise ー how to determine whether it is milky or permanent in a child?

When does tooth replacement take place?

In order to follow the order of changing teeth and be able to identify pathology if necessary, you should remember the time frame:

The incisors change in children at the age of 6-8 years.
Fangs fall out and new ones appear at 9-12 years.
Molars begin their shift at 9-10, they can change up to 12 years.
Large molars erupt at the age of 11-13 years, and the last ("eight", the so-called "wisdom teeth") can appear at 20-30 years.

And if you notice the change of incisors and fangs right away ー the child becomes chipped and shows his charming toothless smile to everyone with pleasure, then with molars everything is not so simple.

How to distinguish a permanent molar from a milk tooth

It is possible to distinguish between temporary and permanent teeth, first of all, by color. Dairy enamel is white and even has a bluish tint. These are teeth that are called snow-white. But the permanent ones are always a little darker and have a rather yellowish or grayish tint.

Also temporary teeth are smaller, and permanent ー larger, molars and premolars have a large chewing surface and several large bumps on it. The molars give the impression of impressive, strong.

Formula jaw row in children whose teeth have already changed, it will be similar to an adult ー 8 incisors, 4 canines, 8 premolars and 8 molars. That is, on one side of the jaw there will be 2 small molars and 2 large molars. To understand this formula and learn how to distinguish a permanent molar from a milk tooth, we recommend comparing them in the photo.

Prevention of misalignment

The appearance of milk teeth and their replacement by permanent ones is a natural process. However, diseases or nutritional problems can affect teething and lead to dental problems.

What factors influence the change of teeth?

hereditary. Yes, from genetic predisposition depends on the rate of appearance of new ones, their color, strength, sometimes ー bite and growth characteristics;
food. The nature of food, balance, presence in the diet enough squirrel, mineral components, vitamins, fiber ー all this affects the process of change;
physical and emotional condition child. Diseases, excess physical exercise, stress at school or at home ー these are factors that can cause teething to slow down;
insufficient hygiene oral cavity in younger age. The multiplication of carious bacteria leads to dental problems, which in advanced cases can lead to the removal of milk teeth. And the latter, in turn, keep a place for permanent ones. And if the milk tooth is removed early, then the eruption of the permanent one will be difficult.

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In any case, care should be taken for both permanent and milk teeth. Proper nutrition, hygiene and regular visits to a specialist will ensure the formation.

On an ongoing basis

By the age of 6, the first molars appear in the child. There are 12 molars, 6 for each jaw. Peculiarity upper molars consists of a large size and high strength. They have 3 roots that diverge in different directions. This ensures their secure fastening and resistance to loads.

When a molar tooth appears, the milk teeth naturally fall out. But, sometimes there are exceptions. So, it happens that milk has not yet fallen out, and permanent teeth are already ready to take their place.

In such cases, the child experiences pain and discomfort. In this case, it is better to immediately seek help from a specialist.

Timely assistance will help prevent the curvature of a new tooth. The molars perform an important function, which is to crush food. This is due to the four tubercles on its surface.

Throughout their lives, they must be carefully looked after. This will preserve their integrity and functioning. Otherwise, you cannot do without the help of specialists.

When you can not do without the help of a doctor

Often, changing teeth is almost painless. When teeth fall out on their own, there is no pain. But, there are exceptions.

So, if a child has severe pain, itching, or increased sensitivity of the enamel, you should immediately seek help from a doctor. Also, a profuse hemorrhage at the site of a recently fallen milk tooth should alert.

If a permanent tooth does not appear in place of the milk that has fallen out, then you need to contact a dentist. The fact is that treatment may be needed here.

Also, in some cases, there may be inflammatory processes and other complications that will cause discomfort and pain to the child. An equally important issue is wrong growth tooth. In the future, this negatively affects the bite.

In fact, the change of bite is natural process. If this does not cause pathologies and symptoms, then you should not worry.

If, when changing the bite, the temperature rises and the child becomes too irritable, then you need to seek help from a specialist. This will quickly solve the problem and prevent complications.

How to distinguish a milk tooth from a molar

Their roots bend and diverge, which provides a secure attachment to the jaw. Milk teeth have characteristic shape. In the cervical part of the tooth, a pincushion-shaped thickening can be observed.

Another characteristic difference is the inclination of the longitudinal axis of the crowns to the tongue and palate. Most often, it is this inclination that makes it possible to distinguish milk teeth from molars.

In the photo, the boy's milk teeth have not yet fallen out, and the permanent teeth are already being cut.

You can also distinguish between teeth by shade. Baby's first teeth White color with a slight bluish tint. As for the indigenous ones, they have a yellowish-grayish tint. The neck of the tooth is darker.

It is also worth noting that milk teeth are less hard than permanent teeth. They are easily amenable to drilling and other manipulations carried out by the dentist for the purpose of treatment.

With this information, each parent can easily recognize which tooth is growing in a child. In the future, this will allow for careful monitoring of changes in the bite.

Thanks to this, there is every chance that the child will receive a healthy and beautiful smile. If you suddenly determine that a milk tooth cannot leave the dental canal, then you should immediately seek help from a doctor. This will avoid many problems, including the occurrence pain and malaise in the child.

FAQ

First of all, one that does not hurt the gums during use. At the same time, the quality of hygiene oral cavity depends more on whether the teeth are brushed correctly than on the shape or type of toothbrush. Concerning electric brushes, then for ignorant people they are a more preferable option; although you can brush your teeth with a simple (manual) brush. In addition, a toothbrush alone is often not enough - flosses (special dental floss) should be used to clean between the teeth.

Rinses are optional hygiene products which effectively clean the entire oral cavity from harmful bacteria. All these tools can be divided into two large groups– treatment-and-prophylactic and hygienic.

The latter include rinsing agents that eliminate bad smell and promote fresh breath.

As for therapeutic and prophylactic, these include rinses that have an anti-plaque / anti-inflammatory / anti-caries effect and help reduce the sensitivity of hard dental tissues. This is achieved due to the presence of different kind biologically active components. Therefore, the rinse must be selected for each individual on an individual basis, as well as toothpaste. And since the product is not washed off with water, it only fixes the effect. active components pastes.

Such cleaning is completely safe for dental tissues and less traumatic. soft tissues oral cavity. The point is that in dental clinics a special level of ultrasonic vibrations is selected, which affects the density of the stone, disrupts its structure and separates it from the enamel. In addition, in places where tissues are treated with an ultrasonic scaler (this is the name of the device for brushing teeth), a special cavitation effect occurs (after all, oxygen molecules are released from water droplets, which enter the treatment zone and cool the tip of the instrument). Cell membranes pathogenic microorganisms are torn apart by these molecules, causing microbes to die.

It turns out that ultrasonic cleaning has a complex effect (provided that really high-quality equipment is used) both on the stone and on the microflora as a whole, cleaning it. Oh oh mechanical cleaning you won't say it. Furthermore, ultrasonic cleaning more pleasant for the patient and takes less time.

According to dentists, dental treatment should be carried out regardless of your position. Moreover, a pregnant woman is recommended to visit a dentist every one to two months, because, as you know, when carrying a baby, the teeth are significantly weakened, they suffer from a deficiency of phosphorus and calcium, and therefore the risk of caries or even tooth loss increases significantly. For the treatment of pregnant women, it is necessary to use harmless means anesthesia. The most suitable course of treatment should be selected exclusively by a qualified dentist, who will also prescribe the required preparations that strengthen tooth enamel.

Treating wisdom teeth is quite difficult due to their anatomical structure. Nonetheless, qualified specialists they are successfully treated. Wisdom teeth prosthetics are recommended when one (or more) adjacent tooth missing or it needs to be removed (if you also remove a wisdom tooth, then there will simply be nothing to chew on). In addition, the removal of a wisdom tooth is undesirable if it is located on the jaw in right place, has its own antagonist tooth and takes part in the chewing process. Also, one should take into account the fact that poor quality treatment can lead to serious complications.

Here, of course, much depends on the taste of the person. So, there are absolutely imperceptible systems attached to inside teeth (known as lingual), but there are also transparent ones. But the most popular are still metal braces having colored metal / elastic ligatures. It's really trendy!

Let's start with the fact that it's just unattractive. If this is not enough for you, we give the following argument - the stone and plaque on the teeth often provoke bad breath. And that's not enough for you? In this case, we move on: if the tartar "grows", this will inevitably lead to irritation and inflammation of the gums, that is, it will create favorable conditions for periodontitis (a disease in which periodontal pockets are formed, pus constantly flows out of them, and the teeth themselves become mobile). And this is already a direct path to loss healthy teeth. Moreover, the number of harmful bacteria at the same time increases, due to which there is an increased cariousness of the teeth.

The service life of an accustomed implant will be tens of years. According to statistics, at least 90 percent of implants function perfectly 10 years after installation, while the service life is on average 40 years. Tellingly, this period will depend both on the design of the product and on how carefully the patient takes care of it. That is why when cleaning without fail you need to use an irrigator. In addition, it is necessary to visit the dentist at least once a year. All these measures will significantly reduce the risk of implant loss.

Removal of a tooth cyst can be performed therapeutically either surgical method. In the second case we are talking about tooth extraction with further cleaning of the gums. In addition, there are those modern methods to save the tooth. This is, first of all, a cystectomy - quite complex operation, which consists in removing the cyst and the affected root tip. Another method is hemisection, in which the root and a fragment of the tooth above it are removed, after which it (part) is restored with a crown.

As for therapeutic treatment, then it consists in cleaning the cyst by means of root canal. It is also a difficult option, especially not always effective. Which method to choose? This will be decided by the doctor together with the patient.

In the first case, teeth are used to change the color professional systems, which are based on carbamide peroxide or hydrogen peroxide. Obviously, it is better to give preference to professional bleaching.

During the period of mixed dentition, both milk (temporary) teeth and molars (permanent) teeth are in the child's oral cavity.

Sometimes even the most attentive mother, who carefully monitors the change of teeth, does not know how to distinguish a milk tooth from a permanent one. Going to the doctor for most children severe stress and can turn into hysterics. Therefore, to begin with, we will try to determine how to do it at home on our own.

How to find out a milk tooth or a molar at home?

The first criterion by which teeth can be distinguished is the age of the child.

Milk teeth appear in a baby from six months and usually grow in the amount of 20 pieces by 2 years.

Permanent ones begin to appear in a child from 5-7 years old. A complete change occurs mainly by the age of 14.

Therefore, if the task is to check what kind of teeth a three-year-old baby has, then the question disappears by itself - definitely milk teeth.

But, the time frame for tooth growth is very conditional. There are cases when, for example, they begin to erupt not at six months, but at three (or vice versa).

All people are different, the body works according to the schedule, but its own, and not averaged by doctors.

The second criterion is appearance.

Color. At temporary teeth it is more snow-white than that of the indigenous ones. They, in turn, are more yellow due to the increased amount of mineralized tissues.
The form. The permanent ones are more angular than the dairy ones.
The size. Indigenous are larger than temporary ones.
growth angle. Milk teeth usually grow strictly vertically, molars - with a slight outward inclination.
Height. Temporary shorter than permanent.

The scheme of loss of milk teeth in children

The first and second are incisors. Milk incisors are more rounded and smaller, the wavy contour is quickly erased. The molars are characterized by a wide crown, mamelons (tubercles on the teeth) over time may be mild, but still present.
Third - fangs. Because of the greater vulnerability milk fang wears off over time and does not look as sharp as we are used to seeing it. The root canine remains sharp for life.
The fourth and fifth are molars. The crown of the temporary teeth of these rows is wider than that of the molars. Also, such milk units have four tubercles, while indigenous ones have two.
Sixth. As already mentioned, . Therefore, five units are occupied in the jaw arch. If another one appeared in the sixth place, it is definitely indigenous, there can be no dairy in that place.
Seventh - wisdom teeth. They, like the sixth ones, appear only on permanent basis, usually around the age of 20 years and older, or do not appear at all.

There is one easy way to understand what a certain tooth is - to compare it with the same one on the other side.

How to tell by x-ray?

If the tips from the previous section did not help, you need to contact your dentist. He has two ways to distinguish a molar from a milk tooth:

Dental manipulations. If a tooth that is in doubt needs to be treated, then the doctor will quickly understand whether it is temporary or not. Dairy ones differ from permanent ones in thinner enamel, therefore, in softness, so a professional doctor will quickly determine which tooth is in front of him by texture.
X-ray. The need for it arises in specific situations. For example, when the change of teeth is late and parents are already doubting which tooth is “in business” now. According to the picture, the doctor analyzes the nature of the roots. In dairy they are thin, in indigenous ones they are large.

Panoramic X-ray - Interchangeable Bite

No need to do an X-ray of a child out of idle curiosity. This study should take place according to the testimony of a doctor.

How to determine that a child will soon grow permanent teeth?

Temporary teeth are needed for a period active growth. That is why there are only 20 of them, and not 32 as in the end.

Because more in the children's jaw simply does not fit.

All milk teeth completely fill both jaw arches and stand tightly, without gaps. Further, the child grows up, along with him and the head and jaw.

Changes appear: gaps form between the teeth, the crowns themselves begin to gradually wear out, and their roots slowly dissolve. And when the milk tooth is due short root can no longer stay in the gum, it falls out. If one of the milk ones fell out, you can expect the appearance of a permanent one in its place. Usually the lower front incisors are the first to lose ground.

Another signal that the child has begun to change the bite is the growth of the molars in the sixth row, which were mentioned earlier. This happens in time at about the same moment when the incisors begin to fall out.

One of important functions their is that they set the direction and place of growth of the permanent tooth that occupies it. Therefore, it is very important that a gradual change of teeth occurs.

If the parents and the child did not follow well temporary teeth, then they quickly darken and crumble, and then completely fall out.

Which is bad, since under them the root of a permanent tooth has not yet had time to form to the proper extent, which in the future, ideally, would have to “drive” it out of the hole.

There is a myth that there is no need to treat milk teeth, because sooner or later they will fall out anyway.

To dispel it, let's add an explanation:

temporary teeth are needed not only for crushing and chewing food, they also participate in speech formation. The absence of a tooth affects the pronunciation of a particular sound, which entails the occurrence of complexes in the child, as well as problems with socialization;
even without one tooth, it becomes more difficult to cope with food, which can affect the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract;
when a free space arises due to a fallen tooth, the rest begin to fill it, as nature has laid it down. As a result, the indigenous may grow out of place;
if the milk tooth is affected during the period of maturation of the root under it, then in the absence of treatment, the disease passes to it;
It is worth remembering that permanent teeth appear closer to 11-13 years. If at the age of 5 a child does not have, for example, front incisors, this is not good.

Are all milk teeth in humans replaced by molars?

All milk teeth are replaced with new, more durable, strong and stable ones. :

6-7 years old - central incisors of the lower jaw, upper and lower molars;
7-8 - upper central and lower lateral incisors;
8-9 - upper lateral incisors;
9-10 - lower fangs;
10-12 - the first and second premolars on both jaws;
11-12 - second lower premolars and canines from above;
11-13 - second lower molars;
12-13 - second upper molars;
18-22 – .

As you can see, there is not a single milk tooth that is not involved. But as already mentioned, there are exceptions, they are quite rare and are easily corrected.

Nowadays dental industry in medicine one of the most expensive.

In order to go to the doctor less often with problems, you need to instill a dental culture in your baby from childhood:

Perform oral hygiene in the morning and evening.
Rinse your mouth with plain water after each meal.
Don't forget to use .
FROM one year old visit the dentist annually for prevention and more often if treatment requires it.