Diseases of the thyroid gland in women thyroiditis. Methods of treatment of various forms of thyroiditis of the thyroid gland. Pregnancy and lactation

The thyroid gland is an important organ for the whole body, responsible for the production of hormones. With its dysfunction, hormonal imbalance is observed, which leads to serious problems with health. Effective treatment thyroid gland folk remedies provides sustainable dynamics in as soon as possible and without side effects.

How to treat the thyroid gland with folk remedies

If autoimmune thyroiditis progresses, in fact, it is an inflammation of the thyroid gland, which provokes the production of specific antibodies by the immune system that perceive gland tissues as foreign bodies. It is difficult to cure a characteristic ailment, so doctors involve not only official methods, but also alternative medicine. With absence therapeutic measures autoimmune thyroiditis only progresses.

Oil extracts

If doctors have diagnosed autoimmune thyroiditis, treatment with folk remedies is effective using oil bases. It is recommended to involve in intensive care extracts of such medicinal plants, as a series, kirkazon, sweet clover, celandine, cocklebur. To prepare an effective folk remedy, you need:

  • grind part of the dried herb (optional), pour the same amount of odorless oil;
  • infuse the composition in a glass container for up to 4 weeks;
  • when ready, rub the neck (especially the goiter zone) with an oil extract before going to bed.

Walnut septa from thyroid nodules

To relieve inflammation, you can take anti-inflammatory drugs, but it is better to trust the treatment of folk remedies, which have been popular for more than a decade. For example, barriers walnuts at proper cooking drugs inhibit the disease, successfully treat hypothyroidism, strengthen weakened immunity. The recipe is extremely simple, you will need to prepare:

  • partitions of walnuts - 25 pcs.;
  • medical alcohol - 100 ml.

Preparation, treatment:

  1. Grind partitions of walnuts, pour the indicated amount of alcohol (you can use vodka).
  2. Insist 14 days in the dark.
  3. For the treatment of autoimmune thyroiditis, take a tincture of 20-25 drops before each meal.

Pine bud tincture

If the doctor has found problems in the work of the endocrine system, the treatment of autoimmune diseases with folk remedies necessarily includes this time-tested recipe. Pine buds quickly relieve inflammation, promote the resorption of thyroid nodes, normalize the production natural hormones regulate hormonal levels. Below is an effective folk remedy with the participation pine buds, for it you need to have:

  • vodka - 500 ml;
  • pine buds - 2 packs.

Preparation, treatment:

  1. Pour 2 packs of pine buds into 500 ml of vodka, close with a cork, shake and leave for 14 days.
  2. Strain the composition, free from gruel, rearrange in the refrigerator.
  3. When treating, rub the neck with tincture every evening before going to bed until complete recovery.

Herbs for the thyroid gland

To alleviate the general condition of the patient, doctors recommend effective herbal medicine. The main purpose of plant components is to increase the flow of iodine into the body in order to stabilize the disturbed hormonal background. This is especially true for women reproductive age, because autoimmune thyroiditis often prevails in female organisms. You can cure the disease with the following herbs:

  1. Motherwort, cocklebur - herbal ingredients to normalize the activity of the endocrine system.
  2. yarrow, white mistletoe, celandine - herbs that prevent the formation and growth of malignant tumors.
  3. Calendula, cinquefoil, nettle - folk remedies to strengthen immunity, accelerate the process of recovery of a patient with autoimmune thyroiditis.

How to treat autoimmune thyroiditis with freshly squeezed juices

Juice therapy is one of the most effective methods, which has recently begun to be used in the treatment of autoimmune thyroiditis. The use of fresh juices helps not only to reduce the process of large-scale destruction of cells, but also to prevent their mutation into cancerous structures. The main thing is to choose the right ingredients, find out which juice is better to take for what purposes. Here valuable advice from endocrinologists:

  1. Sea buckthorn juice speeds up the work of the thyroid gland, i.e. helps to stabilize the hormonal background.
  2. Cabbage, lemon juices stop the destruction of thyroid tissue, prevent the spread of the pathological process.
  3. Potato is especially useful in the treatment of autoimmune thyroiditis.
  4. Juices from beets, carrots, dandelions strengthen weakened immunity, restore the functionality of the endocrine system.
  5. Spinach juice, being a natural antioxidant and a source of vitamins, enhances the body's immune response.

To cure the disease in this way, it is required to decide with the doctor which natural ingredient should be involved in juice therapy for a particular clinical picture. Here are a few effective recipes, which have already helped many patients overcome recurrent autoimmune thyroiditis:

  1. Carrot and beetroot juice. Combine 1 hour beets and 3 hours carrots. Take for breakfast instead of tea, providing an unhindered outflow of bile.
  2. Cabbage lemon juice. Both ingredients must be taken in equal proportions, drink a drink in the morning and evening to activate the body's immune response.
  3. Mix. The necessary ingredients are spinach, beets, cabbage and carrots, taken in proportions of 1:1:2:4. Drink on an empty stomach, the course of treatment is 2-4 weeks for medical reasons.

Nutrition for autoimmune thyroiditis

If the goiter is enlarged, doctors suspect autoimmune thyroiditis. In order to accurately make a final diagnosis, diagnosis is necessary, after which treatment is prescribed. In order not to wait for medical appointments, already at the first symptoms of a characteristic ailment, it is necessary to revise the diet, introduce products with a capacious iodine content into it. This is necessarily seaweed, tuna, herring, cod liver, bananas, strawberries, oranges, persimmons, lemons, grapes. With enlarged goiter and progressive autoimmune thyroiditis, it is important to know following rules supply:

  1. Exclude from daily ration fried, spicy and fatty foods.
  2. Reduce consumption table salt, spices.
  3. Include in daily ration vegetable fiber - legumes and cereals.
  4. Drink up to 2 liters of water per day, but you can choose medicinal decoctions.
  5. Accept natural vitamins in juices, berries, fruits, vegetables.

Can autoimmune thyroiditis be cured?

The patient must understand: if the disease in the body has aggravated once, then it is already impossible to get rid of it completely. However, this does not mean at all that a person with autoimmune thyroiditis will face disability in the future and fatal outcome. The functionality of the thyroid gland can be corrected by medication and folk ways maintain at an acceptable level. It is important not only to choose therapeutic and preventive measures, it is desirable to find out in detail why the characteristic ailment has worsened.

Especially in autoimmune thyroiditis dangerous periods in a woman's life - pregnancy, menopause. The fact is that during such events in the body prevails hormonal changes which causes unplanned recurrence of the disease. In such life periods the patient should be under close medical supervision, take medicines and folk remedies.

Video

Distinguish between acute, subacute and chronic thyroiditis.

Acute, in turn, can be purulent and non-purulent.

Subacute is also called de Quervain's thyroiditis.

Chronic can be fibrous (Riedel's goiter) and autoimmune (Hashimoto's thyroiditis).
Acute purulent thyroiditis develops against the background of an acute or chronic infectious process (tonsillitis, pneumonia, sepsis, etc.).

Subacute thyroiditis develops after viral infections(SARS, Coxsackie, infectious parotitis, etc.). Women aged 30-50 get sick more often.

Autoimmune chronic thyroiditis is a disease based on an autoimmune lesion of the thyroid gland, antibodies are formed to various components of the thyroid gland (normally, antibodies in the human body are produced only for a foreign substance). This is the most common inflammatory disease of the thyroid gland. Most often, autoimmune thyroiditis occurs in patients from 40 to 50 years old, and women are ten times more likely than men. And in recent times autoimmune thyroiditis affects more and more young patients and children.

The cause of chronic fibrous thyroiditis is unknown. There is a version that Riedel's goiter is the final stage of autoimmune thyroiditis. People who have had a history of developing the disease are at risk of developing the disease Graves' disease or any form of endemic goiter.

Manifestations of thyroiditis

Acute purulent thyroiditis: pain in the anterior surface of the neck, radiating to the back of the head, lower and upper jaw, aggravated by movement of the head, swallowing. Neck enlargement lymph nodes. Increased body temperature, chills.

Spicy nonpurulent thyroiditis: manifestations are less pronounced than in acute purulent inflammation of the thyroid gland.

Subacute thyroiditis: pain in the neck, radiating to the occipital region, lower jaw, ears, temporal region, weakness, decline motor activity, increased body temperature. At the beginning of the disease (hyperthyroid, acute stage), symptoms of thyrotoxicosis may be observed: increased heart rate, sweating, weight loss, hand tremor. In the blood - elevated levels of thyroid hormones. With a long course, symptoms may develop (hypothyroid stage), drowsiness, lethargy, lethargy, chilliness, swelling of the face, dry skin, slowing of heart rate, constipation. The thyroid gland is enlarged (often only right lobe), dense, painful. In the blood - a low content of thyroid hormones.
In the recovery stage, the soreness of the thyroid gland, the levels of thyroid hormones disappear.

The disease is prone to recurrence (return), especially with repeated viral infections, hypothermia.

Chronic fibrous thyroiditis: diffuse (common), rarely focal enlargement of the thyroid gland. The gland is very dense, motionless, does not move when swallowing.

The progression and spread of the process to the entire gland is accompanied by the development of hypothyroidism. At large sizes glands, symptoms of compression of the neck organs are observed: hoarseness of the voice, difficulty in swallowing, breathing.

Autoimmune chronic thyroiditis: during the first years of the disease, complaints and symptoms are usually absent. In the future, diffuse, sometimes uneven enlargement of the thyroid gland, dense, mobile. With a large size of the gland, symptoms of compression of the neck organs appear. As the disease develops, changes that destroy the thyroid gland lead to dysfunction of the gland - initially, hyperthyroidism due to the influx of a large amount of previously produced hormones into the blood, and later (or bypassing the hyperthyroid phase) - to hypothyroidism. The content of thyroid hormones in the blood is reduced. In diagnostics, the determination of the titer of antithyroid antibodies of antibodies against one's own thyroid gland is of great importance.

Complications

Acute thyroiditis can culminate in the formation of an abscess in the tissue of the thyroid gland, which can break through, and it’s good if it comes out. But if pus gets into the surrounding tissues, it can flow into the pericardial space; progressive purulent inflammation in the tissues of the neck can lead to damage to blood vessels, the introduction of a purulent infection to meninges and brain tissues and even to the development general infection blood infection (sepsis). It is necessary to treat acute thyroiditis in a timely and most thorough manner.
If subacute thyroiditis is not treated, enough a large number of thyroid tissue and eventually irreversible thyroid insufficiency will develop.

Forecast

With timely and complete treatment, acute thyroiditis ends in recovery, and does not remind itself of anything else.

Subacute thyroiditis usually ends in full recovery. True, after treatment, seals may remain in the thyroid gland, which are regarded as nodes. They do not require medical intervention.

Unfortunately, in most patients with autoimmune thyroiditis, over time, thyroid function decreases and hypothyroidism develops, which requires treatment with thyroid hormones. In chronic fibrous thyroiditis, in the presence of hypothyroidism replacement therapy thyroid hormones, with symptoms of compression of the neck organs - surgical treatment.

In chronic autoimmune thyroiditis - treatment with thyroid hormones. In the absence of a decrease in goiter against the background of adequate replacement therapy (3-4 months), corticosteroids () are prescribed for 2-3 months. With fast-growing, painful forms of goiter, large sizes of the thyroid gland with symptoms of compression of the neck organs - surgical liver.

What can you do?

When the first symptoms of thyroiditis appear, it is necessary to consult an endocrinologist for help. Treatment should be started as early as possible to avoid complications.

AT modern world cases of thyroid disease are on the rise. One of the problems that can befall the body is thyroiditis. This term covers all inflammatory processes in the thyroid gland. One of the options for inflammation is chronic thyroiditis, which, in turn, has several varieties.

Chronic thyroiditis is a long-term inflammatory process in the thyroid gland, which leads to a gradual decrease in its functionality. The disease is autoimmune in nature and is associated with impaired perception of the body's cells by the immune system. More often, chronic thyroiditis is diagnosed in women after 50 years. ICD 10 disease code - E06.2-E06.5.

Types and forms of the disease

Chronic thyroiditis includes different etiologies and pathogenesis, which require a differential approach to treatment.

The main forms of pathology:

  • autoimmune () or lymphocytic, Hashimoto's thyroiditis;
  • fibrous.

autoimmune

It was first described at the beginning of the last century by the surgeon Hashimoto. The main factor in the development of inflammation is the failure of the immune system, leading to an aggressive attitude of lymphocytes to thyroid cells. Hashimoto's thyroiditis often co-occurs with other autoimmune disorders ( rheumatoid arthritis, type 1.).

The cells of the gland are damaged, which leads to a gradual decrease in its function to synthesize hormones and development.

Phases of AIT development:

  • Euthyroid- clinical and laboratory signs there is no disease. But lymphocytes have already begun the process of infiltration of thyroid tissues. This period can last for years.
  • - changes in hormone levels. Increases TSH, thyroxine remains within the normal range.
  • Clinical hypothyroidism- more damaged, non-functioning thyroid cells appear. A blood test shows an increased level and a significant decrease in and.

It is believed that Hashimoto's thyroiditis is hereditary. For implementation to take place genetic predisposition, as the causes of the inflammatory process, it is necessary to influence certain exogenous factors. It can be viral diseases ENT organs, chronic infections and other pathologies.

Fibrous

The thyroid gland is difficult to repair. If during the inflammatory process some of the follicular cells die and are replaced fibrous tissue, we can talk about fibrous form thyroiditis. The reasons for its occurrence are not fully understood. According to one version, this is the result of an autoimmune process, according to another, exposure to viral agents becomes its cause.

Varieties of fibrous thyroiditis:

  • strum (goiter) Riedel;
  • fibrous-invasive;
  • woody.

Chronic thyroiditis can occur in several forms:

  • latent (hidden);
  • hypertrophic (appear, there is a diffuse increase in the organ);
  • atrophic (the organ decreases in size, the synthesis of hormones decreases).

Causes and development factors

Predisposing factors for a chronic inflammatory process can be:

  • heredity;
  • gland injury;
  • carrying out operations on the body;
  • ionizing radiation;
  • the presence of foci of infection (otitis media, tonsillitis, cystitis, pyelonephritis);
  • allergic diseases in history;
  • abuse of alcohol and cigarettes;
  • prolonged stress;
  • iodine deficiency.

On a note! The exact causes of chronic inflammation of the thyroid gland have not been studied. Its development is based on an inadequate response of the immune system to the cells of the organ. As a result of the aggression of antibodies, iron begins to become inflamed and destroyed. There are fewer active thyrocytes, the process of hormone production decreases.

Signs and symptoms

Long time about having chronic person may not guess. The gradual loss of its functions by the thyroid gland is reflected in the work of the whole organism.

With fibrous thyroiditis general state the patient remains normal. There may be a feeling of difficulty when swallowing food. Sometimes there is a dry cough. If the disease progresses, then hoarseness or loss of voice may join the listed symptoms. If inflammation is involved in the process, hypoparathyroidism develops.

ATI is manifested by the following symptoms:

  • pain on palpation in the gland area;
  • lump in the throat;
  • joint pain;
  • dry skin;
  • violation of the emotional state;
  • apathy;
  • fast fatiguability.

In the early stages of the disease thyroid can actively release hormones, which results in. In patients, blood pressure rises, the heartbeat is disturbed, and increased sweating appears. Over time, the thyroid gland loses its functions, which is expressed by persistent hypothyroidism.

As a rule, with chronic thyroiditis, an increase in the size of the gland is noted. The exception is atrophic AIT.

If the inflammation is not treated, then later thyroiditis can lead to:

  • thyroid coma;
  • atherosclerosis;
  • heart attack;
  • osteoporosis;
  • thyroid lymphoma (rare).

Diagnostics

Diagnosing chronic thyroiditis is difficult. On the early stages it practically does not manifest itself in any way, flows in latent form. Laboratory tests may not reveal characteristic changes. Only with palpation can an increase in the volume of the thyroid gland be detected (if the autoimmune process is hypertrophic). Riedel's goiter is characterized by a dense fixed gland, which is soldered to the surrounding tissues.

An important role in the diagnosis of thyroiditis is played by research:

  • determination of markers of the autoimmune process in the blood;
  • fine needle biopsy (if cancer is suspected).

Main diagnostic criteria chronic thyroiditis are:

  • the volume of the gland is more than 10 ml in women, and 25 ml in men;
  • hypothyroidism (detected during a blood test for hormones T3, T4, TSH);
  • hypogeneity of the parenchyma;
  • increase in antibody titer to TPO and thyroid tissues.

Surgical intervention in chronic thyroiditis is resorted to only in case of severe hyperplasia thyroid gland, which compresses the nearest organs, and also if the inflammatory process occurs against the background of existing tumor formations.

Folk remedies and recipes

To the means traditional medicine can only be used as helper method treatment after consulting a doctor. The use of some folk recipes helps to stop the progression of the pathological process, maintain normal hormone levels.

Proven Recipes:

  • grind greens walnuts(30 pieces). Pour them with 1 liter of vodka and add 200 ml of honey. Leave for 14 days in a dark place. Stir from time to time. Strain means. Take 1 scoop in the morning on an empty stomach.
  • Grind 1 tablespoon of dry seaweed. Mix with honeydew. Pour a glass of boiling water and leave for several hours. Use strained infusion of 80 ml before meals.
  • Good to drink daily fresh juices carrots and beets.

Nutrition Features

Nutrition plays an important role in the normalization of the thyroid gland. The main emphasis should be on fresh vegetables and fruits, as well as juices and fruit drinks (homemade). Eliminate from the diet spicy dishes, as well as products with artificial additives.

You need to eat in small portions, but often. This helps to avoid overloading the body and not experience constant feeling hunger. It is important to include in the diet foods with polyunsaturated fatty acids ( sea ​​fish, linseed oil). From carbohydrate food it is better to stay on cereals and cereals. Useful products containing calcium to prevent the development of osteoporosis due to thyroiditis (cottage cheese, yogurt, milk).

Chronic thyroiditis is a long-term, lifelong disease that requires constant monitoring and control of the state of the thyroid gland. In order to stop the progression of the pathological process as much as possible and avoid complications, it is necessary to eat a balanced diet, properly organize the mode of work and rest, and avoid emotional and physical overload. If you follow all the recommendations, you can achieve a stable remission of thyroiditis and lead a full life.

Is it possible to cure chronic autoimmune thyroiditis? Find out the answer in the following video:

As a result of a violation of the healthy functional performance of the thyroid gland, various factors are considered that lead to inflammatory processes in the thyroid gland, one of which is autoimmune thyroiditis of the thyroid gland.

What is it and what are the causal relationships between the appearance of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (another name for chronic inflammation) and other diseases associated with the gland internal secretion, we will consider in this article.

Factors Contributing to the Development of Thyroid Diseases

Imperfect environmental conditions, food saturated with carcinogens, lack of iodine in water and food - all these components lead to various diseases thyroid glands. The functional purpose of this endocrine gland is to hormonal production and control of various processes. Thus, thyroxine and triiodothyronine are responsible for controlling the growth, maturation and energy state of tissue structures, and calcitonins are entrusted with the management of calcium metabolic cellular processes. As a result of deficiency (hypothyroidism) and/or excess (thyrotoxicosis or hyperthyroidism of the thyroid gland) functional activity glands can occur various diseases.

Thyroiditis of the thyroid gland: what is it?

Thyroiditis is a number of diseases of the endocrine system associated with inflammatory processes of the thyroid gland, which have a different type of origin and corresponding pathogenesis. In endocrinology, several types of thyroiditis are distinguished, differing in typical characteristics, the onset and course of the disease:

  • Hoshimoto's thyroiditis;
  • chronic fibrous;
  • spicy;
  • de Quervain's thyroiditis or granulosa (subacute) thyroiditis.

Consider the symptomatic signs of the development of thyroiditis and their mechanisms of action on the thyroid gland.

Acute or purulent thyroiditis develops against the background of chronic or acute infectious lesions of the body, such as:

  • sinusitis;
  • sepsis;
  • pneumonia;
  • quinsy.

The results of tissue damage to the thyroid gland are hematogenous infectious processes, which have a focal or diffusion nature of penetration into the cellular structures of the endocrine system.

Non-purulent, aseptic form of acute thyroiditis is detected as a result of mechanical damage to the gland, or during radiation exposure. The result of the incapacitation of the follicle is the ingress of blood into the stroma of the thyroid gland, and, as a result, there is hormonal disbalance.

Subacute thyroiditis occurs when acute viral infections are affected:

  • mumps;
  • flu;
  • rubella;
  • chicken pox;
  • measles and so on.

Under the active influence of viral agents, hyperplasia of follicular cells occurs with the formation of fibrosis and various kinds of adhesions that have multinuclear cellular structures that negatively affect the epithelium. Common symptomatic signs that contribute to the development of thyroiditis include:

  • A sharp increase in body weight, as a result of slow metabolic processes.
  • decline temperature regime body. A person begins to freeze at a temperature not exceeding 36 degrees Celsius.
  • Puffiness of the eyelids appears, the sense of smell is disturbed, hearing decreases and the thickness of the upper and lower extremities increases.

In addition, there are various disorders digestive system, and disrupted cyclic menstrual processes in women. With such symptomatic signs, urgent clinical diagnosis, and, as a result, the appropriate treatment of thyroiditis of the thyroid gland. A special sign of a violation of endocrine processes is an increase in lymph nodes. One should not hope for recovery through home treatment with various folk remedies.

Thyroid: autoimmune thyroiditis

Lymphomatous or chronic autoimmune thyroiditis occurs against the background of destructive destruction of healthy thyroid cells by antithyroid autoantibodies. Thyroid disease - autoimmune type thyroiditis has in most cases, behavioral factor asymptomatic course of the disease, which greatly complicates its diagnosis at the initial stage of pathology development. In some cases, the lymphomatous condition of the thyroid gland produces a sufficient amount of hormones, the so-called euthyroidism of the thyroid gland occurs, symptoms and treatment, which can only be determined by qualified specialist in the field of endocrinology. Changes in the hormonal system with due to functional deficiencies or hyperfunctions occurring in the cells of the thyroid gland are also affected by others. clinical symptoms: hyperthyroidism and thyrotoxicosis of the thyroid gland, what is it and what are they symptomatic manifestations, will be discussed below.

Causes and symptoms of euthyroidism

Euthyroidism of the thyroid gland, what it is and what are its symptomatic manifestations, disturb people who first heard this medical term. The unconditional definition of euthyroidism is clinical condition thyroid hormones within reference limits. In a word, in a laboratory study, the level of thyroid-stimulating and thyroid hormone is within the normal range, so the disease is asymptomatic. Despite the normal state of the hormonal system, the detection of euthyroidism can be a harbinger of various endocrine disorders. However, according to leading experts, drug treatment of euthyroidism is not provided. The main therapeutic and preventive measure should be a periodic consultative visit to an endocrinologist at the patient's place of residence.

Hypothyroidism of the thyroid gland, what is it and what are the causes

A pathological condition caused by a quantitative deficiency of the hormonal structure of the thyroid gland is called hypothyroidism in endocrinology. The etiology of the disease can be expressed in primary or secondary signs of hypothyroidism. In the first case, direct damage to the gland is diagnosed with various anomalies or inflammatory processes, as well as as a result of mechanical damage after surgical or radioactive exposure.

If the thyroid gland, hypothyroidism, which is defined as secondary, then here the determining factors are infectious or tumor lesions. The risk group may be various categories population with the following clinical manifestations:

  • the presence of a confirmed diagnosis of thyroiditis;
  • diabetes mellitus and/or pernicious anemia;
  • poisoning due to an overdose of various pharmacological drugs;
  • hyponatremia, high atherogenic index, elevated prolactin and other biochemical components in the blood test.

The main symptoms of hypothyroidism are as follows:

  • Body temperature drops, jaundice appears skin, early atherosclerosis is manifested. All these components belong to the so-called metabolic-hypothermic syndrome.
  • Disturbances in tissue connections are revealed, which are expressed in facial swelling, hearing loss, difficulty in nasal breathing, hoarseness in the throat, and so on.
  • Violation of the rhythm of the cardiovascular and nervous systems, which are expressed in the development of heart failure, slow heart rate, memory loss, and so on.

With hypothyroidism of the thyroid gland, in addition to the above symptoms, various disorders associated with the digestive organs, the circulatory system, as well as qualitative changes associated with dermatology, can develop. For the female body, hypothyroidism can present surprises in the form of infertility, cyclic menstrual irregularities and other unpleasant symptoms associated with impaired reproductive functions of the body. Medical treatment hypothyroidism provides A complex approach to the problem, the result of which should be the elimination hormonal deficiency thyroid gland and ensuring the healthy functioning of other anatomical organs.

Thyrotoxicosis

With an excessive quantitative composition of the hormonal constituents of the thyroid gland in the cellular structures of the human body, another type is diagnosed endocrine disease called thyrotoxicosis. This disease characterizes qualitative disorders in the work of the cardiovascular and nervous system of a person. It is believed that thyrotoxicosis is one of the most dangerous diseases thyroid gland, since the active release of a large amount of hormones into the blood, may, with inadequate treatment or untimely appeal for medical help, significantly worsen the patient's life situation. characteristic outward signs diseases are the following:

  • violation rhythmic processes in the work of the heart;
  • tremor, that is, trembling of the hands, reminiscent of the symptoms of Parkinson's disease;
  • fussiness, verbosity, bulging eyes;
  • rare blinking, irritability, restlessness and so on.

All these symptomatic manifestations are very typical for people with a confirmed diagnosis - thyrotoxicosis. dangerous complication diseases with improper treatment can be a hypothyroid coma, in which the patient's body temperature drops sharply, as well as blood pressure indicators, heart rate is disturbed, shortness of breath appears and mucous swelling of the face (myxedema) appears. Complex therapy, which includes diet food, herbal medicine and combined pharmacology is the only the right decision in the treatment of thyrotoxicosis.

Prevention of thyroid diseases

Modern living conditions in a fast-paced industrial rhythm not only complicate the life of people prone to diseases associated with the thyroid gland, but also significantly shorten the age of all mankind. The lack of iodine-containing components in the human body causes irreparable harm. Weak physical activity not only reduces human performance, but also adversely affects all vital organs of the anatomical organism. From extra pounds suffers not only the heart, liver, but also the organs of the endocrine system. Therefore, to avoid possible problems with diseases of the thyroid gland, it is necessary to adhere to the following rules:

  • food should contain sufficient and necessary amount of iodine, mineral components and vitamin groups;
  • physical activity in the form of daily gymnastic exercises will strengthen the body not only in the form of normalization of metabolic processes, but also enhance protective functions.

Special meaning preventive measures should be given to people of the middle and older age category.

Take care of yourself and be always healthy!

Chronic autoimmune thyroiditis (CHAIT) is the most common thyroid disorder. Chronic autoimmune thyroiditis in initial stage development is asymptomatic, but almost always ends with hypothyroidism. As a result, the entire body is gradually destroyed and quickly ages. Over the past decade, children and adolescents have become sick more often, and the disease develops in them quickly and aggressively.

Let's look at the causes of this disease and understand the methods of its treatment.

Reasons for the development of autoimmune thyroiditis

Previously, it was believed that the main cause of the development of autoimmune thyroiditis is iodine deficiency in environment. It has now been proven that iodine deficiency is only one of many factors leading to thyroid diseases, and far from being the main one.

The main reason for the development of chronic autoimmune thyroiditis is a dysfunction of the immune system. A healthy immune system easily distinguishes foreign cells from its own cells - it kills foreign cells, does not touch its own. In case of illness, the immune system begins to perceive its own cells and tissues as foreign and fights them - it produces antibodies against the cells of its own thyroid gland and destroys it.

Head of the department, endocrinologist, reflexologist, candidate of medical sciences.

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Approaches to the treatment of autoimmune thyroiditis

In the treatment of autoimmune thyroiditis, both long-established and modern methods are used, depending on the severity and stage of development of the disease:

    Medical drug therapy, based on synthetic analogues of human hormones. It is used to reduce inflammation of the thyroid gland and to replace missing hormones. At the same time, in connection with the intake of hormonal drugs, irreversible disorders occur in the cardiovascular, nervous, digestive and reproductive systems.

    Surgery autoimmune thyroiditis is used in advanced cases with exacerbation, or with large volumes of the thyroid gland. Instead of surgery with a scalpel or laser, you can irradiate the thyroid gland with radioactive iodine. As a result, it quickly atrophies. This way safer operation. It should be noted that the removal of the thyroid gland in any way does not contribute to a decrease in the activity of autoimmune processes in the body, but, on the contrary, provokes them and diseases. reproductive organs: endometriosis, uterine fibroids, ovarian cysts, mastopathy. In addition, after removal of the thyroid gland, lifelong hypothyroidism always develops. .

    Restorative treatment of autoimmune thyroiditis without medication and surgery. It is prescribed at any stage of development of autoimmune thyroiditis. Allows you to restore the thyroid gland already with developed hypothyroidism or stop the development of the disease at the stages of hyperthyroidism, euthyroidism, then restore the structure and function of the thyroid gland and eliminate hormonal failure. As a result, the patient recovers. The treatment is carried out by the method of computer reflexology. This modern form of reflexology combines all the possibilities of advanced Western medicine with the experience of traditional Chinese medicine.

there are contraindications: the presence of an implanted pacemaker, oncology, pregnancy, individual intolerance to electrical exposure, acute stages some diseases, mental disorders.

More about autoimmune thyroiditis and its treatment

Cause of autoimmune thyroiditis

Previously, it was believed that the main cause of the development of autoimmune thyroiditis is an iodine deficiency in the environment. It has now been proven that iodine deficiency is only one of the factors leading to thyroid diseases, and far from being the main one.

The main reason for the development of chronic autoimmune thyroiditis is a violation of the function of the immune system.. A healthy immune system easily distinguishes foreign cells from its own cells - it kills foreign cells, does not touch its own. In case of illness, the immune system begins to perceive its own cells and tissues as foreign and fights them -produces antibodies against cells of its own thyroid gland and destroys it.

The destruction of the structure of the thyroid gland leads to a violation of its function and a lack of hormones - hypothyroidism. In addition, antibodies may appear in chronic autoimmune thyroiditis.which directly block the synthesis of thyroid hormones. The appearance of these antibodies contributes to the atrophy of the thyroid gland and the more rapid development of hypothyroidism.

note: men eat the same foods and water as women, but get sick 10 times less often, because the endocrine system is in female body initially work harder , than in men due to the cyclical production of sex hormones. Therefore, the endocrine system in women is the most sensitive to stress and emotional stress, and the thyroid gland is the weakest link in endocrine system and is the first to respond negative thoughts and negative emotions.

Factors provoking the development of autoimmune thyroiditis

    stress, chronic fatigue, psycho-emotional stress- these are provoking factors for the development of an autoimmune process in the thyroid gland. Always remember that the thyroid gland is the first to react to negative emotions and negative thoughts. Choose a positive life position.

    Hormone Replacement Therapy used in the treatment gynecological diseases and during IVF procedures, quite often provokes the development of autoimmune thyroiditis, accelerates the development of hypothyroidism, exacerbates hormonal failure.

    Increased intake of iodine in the form of medications provokes and enhances the activity of the autoimmune process in the thyroid gland . Academician of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences Veldanova M.V. in his monograph "Lessons of Thyroidology" explains the mechanisms of development of this process. Whether we neutralize the skin with an iodine solution, or whether we take iodine-containing preparations, iodine is always absorbed and accumulates in one place - in the thyroid gland. At the same time, it always binds to thyroglobulin, the main protein of thyroid hormones. Thyroglobulin supersaturated with iodine becomes a more active antigen and, irritating immune system, stimulates the production of antibodies to thyreglobulin (AT TG). AT last years antibodies to thyroglobulin began to be detected much more often not only in diffuse toxic goiter, but also in autoimmune thyroiditis.

    Frequent and uncontrolled use antiviral drugs , monoclonal antibodies and others, contributes to the development or exacerbation of already existing autoimmune diseases, including autoimmune thyroiditis. What does the leading thyroidologist in our country Balabolkin M.I. in his monograph "Fundamental and clinical thyroidology". These drugs are used for serious illnesses how chronic hepatitis B and C multiple sclerosis during chemotherapy. Recently, these drugs have been prescribed in the treatment of acute viral infections and even with preventive purpose. Preparations of this group can be used for autoimmune thyroid diseases, but with great care and under medical supervision.

Stages and symptoms of the development of autoimmune thyroiditis

stage of hyperthyroidism.At the initial stage of the disease, with a high titer of antibodies, massive destruction of thyroid cells occurs and a large amount of previously synthesized hormones enters the blood from the destroyed cells. On the short period, lasting from 1 to 6 months, occurshyperthyroidism - increased content thyroid hormones T3 and T4.

euthyroid stage.Gradually, the level of hormones returns to normal and the function of the thyroid gland remains unimpaired for some time. iteuthyroid period. Complaints during this period may be absent. Hormones are normal. But the immune system during this period continues to destroy the thyroid gland. Cysts appear in the structure of the gland, then nodes are formed, gradually increasing in size. In this case, the volumes of the gland may increase, or decrease, or remain normal.

stage of hypothyroidism.The destructive effect of antibodies of the immune system gradually leads to a decrease in the functioning tissue of the thyroid gland and, as a result, to a decrease in the production of thyroid hormones - to hormonal failure. As a result, hypothyroidism develops -level decreases thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), which are extremely important for the whole organism. Hormones T3 and T4control everything metabolic processes and regulate all the functions of our body. With their lack, metabolism is disturbed.Thyroid hormones are necessary in order to be healthy, slim, successful, cheerful and confident, to do everything and everywhere.

Symptoms of autoimmune thyroiditis

The main clinical symptoms of autoimmune thyroiditis in the development of hyperthyroidism:

  • pain in the thyroid gland,
  • excessive irritability due to increased thyroid hormones,
  • feeling of "coma in the throat"
  • perspiration, hoarseness of voice,
  • irritability,
  • sweating,
  • heartbeat,
  • violation of the menstrual cycle.

The main clinical symptoms of autoimmune thyroiditiswith the development of hypothyroidism:

  • depression, apathy,
  • weakness, fatigue,
  • memory loss,
  • decrease in working capacity;
  • metabolic disorders and water-salt metabolism contribute to the emergence excess weight and edema; no diets physical exercise, diuretic drugs do not help;
  • constant chilliness, poor tolerance cold;
  • severe dry skin and hyperkeratosis in the elbows, knees,
  • fragility of nails, hair loss;
  • the worst thing for women menstrual irregularities, violation of the synthesis of sex hormones due to hormonal failure, which contributes to the formation of cysts and nodes in the mammary glands, ovaries and uterus, the development of infertility and early menopause;
  • shortness of breath when walking;
  • bradycardia - a decrease in heart rate, with increased diastolic blood pressure(while the difference between systolic and diastolic pressure is less than 40);
  • the level of cholesterol rises, which contributes to the development of atherosclerosis (the appearance of atherosclerotic plaques in the vessels of the heart and brain);
  • metabolic processes are disturbed in all organs and systems without exception, which contributes to the exacerbation of existing or the formation of new somatic diseases.
Diagnosis of autoimmune thyroiditis

The diagnosis of autoimmune thyroiditis is based on clinical signs, ultrasound results and laboratory research for hormones and antibody titers.

Laboratory studies in the diagnosis of autoimmune thyroiditis:

  • In order to revealdisorders in the immune systemand define them x character, cellular immunity needs to be investigated: determine T-lymphocytes-helpers (CD4) and T-lymphocytes-suppressors (CD8) and their ratio. If their ratio is >2, then this indicates autoimmune processes in the thyroid gland.
  • For determining the degree of activity of the autoimmune processin the thyroid gland, it is necessary to determine the presence of antibodies in the blood and their titer. In patients with autoimmune thyroiditis, as a rule, an increased level of antibodies of TPO antibodies and TG antibodies is determined. The higher their level in the blood, the brighter clinical picture diseases, the more complaints the patient has and the prognosis is more rapid development hypothyroidism. The presence of antibodies to TSH receptors (they are usually determined already when hypothyroidism is detected) leads to the rapid progression of hypothyroidism.
  • To identify thyroid dysfunctionit is necessary to conduct tests for hormones: to determine the content of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid hormones (free T4 and free T3) in the blood. An elevated TSH level is considered the first sign of a thyroid hormone deficiency. The level of TSH and free T4 are logarithmic to each other. Therefore, even a very slight decrease in the level of T4 will inevitably lead to a more pronounced increase in the level of TSH.

Disturbances in the immune system in autoimmune thyroiditis are primary, and changes in the structure of the thyroid gland, which are detected onultrasound,appear later. The results of ultrasound examination of the thyroid gland allow us to judge the duration of the process in the thyroid gland, the degree of violation of its structure and function.

Signs of autoimmune thyroiditis, detected during examination of the thyroid gland on ultrasound machines:

  • diffuse decrease in echogenicity,
  • structural heterogeneity,
  • the presence of cysts, pseudonodes,
  • blood flow disorder.
Medical treatment of autoimmune thyroiditis

At the beginning of the development of autoimmune thyroiditis, at the stage of manifestation hyperthyroidism, drug therapy is not indicated due to its destructive nature and short duration from 1 to 6 months.

At the stage of hypothyroidism, hormone replacement therapy with hormone replacement drugs is used, which is usually lifelong. Patients are forced to constantly take thyroid hormones, increasing their dosage. And these hormone replacement drugs have a lot side effects such as:

  • development in patients older than 45 years of cardiovascular disorders,
  • menstrual disorders and other endocrine and gynecological pathologies leading to infertility.

The main cause of autoimmune thyroiditis is a malfunction of the immune system. Unfortunately, the immune system has not yet been restored with medications, despite numerous studies in this direction.

In this regard, the treatment of autoimmune thyroiditis with hormone replacement drugsdoes not eliminate the development of hypothyroidism, but only reduces for some time the manifestations of hypothyroidism. Wherein thyroid function is not restored, but is even more disturbed, the gland atrophies, the disease progresses, all large doses drugs.

Surgical treatment of autoimmune thyroiditis, radioactive iodine treatment

It is used most often in advanced cases with exacerbation, or with large volumes of the thyroid gland. Instead of surgical intervention with a scalpel, the removal of the thyroid gland can be done with radioactive iodine. This removal method is safer. It should be noted that the removal of the thyroid gland does not contribute to a decrease in activity. autoimmune processes body, but on the contrary, provokes them activation . In addition, after removal of the thyroid gland, there always developslifelong hypothyroidism.

Treatment of autoimmune thyroiditis without hormones and operations with computer reflexology

Basedon recovery neuro-immuno-endocrine regulation of the whole body of the patient and subsequent restoration of the structure and function of the thyroid gland.

Treatment is carried out exposure to ultra-low direct current on biologically active points associated with the brain through autonomic nervous system person. Such treatment autoimmune thyroiditis, without the use of medications and surgical intervention allows:

  • restore the immune system, thereby eliminating the main cause of the development of autoimmune thyroiditis, which is confirmed by the restoration of cellular immunity;
  • reduce the activity of autoimmune processes in the thyroid gland, themost contribute to the regression of autoimmune thyroiditis, which is confirmed by a decrease in the titer of antibodies AT-TPO, AT-TG and AT to TSH receptors;
  • restore the volume of functioning tissue and the structure of the thyroid gland, thereby restoring the synthesis of its own thyroid hormones, which is confirmed by ultrasound data and normalization of the level of thyroid hormones TSH and T4.

Treatment of autoimmune thyroiditiscomputer reflexology method leads to the following results:

  • the growth of nodes and cysts stops, they gradually decrease in size and, most often, completely resolve;
  • thyroid function is restored, hormonal failure is eliminated and hormones are produced in the amount needed by the body;
  • if the patient takes hormone replacement drugs, it is possible to reduce their dosage, and eventually cancel them;
  • recovering menstrual cycle;
  • women can realize childbearing function without IVF and give birth healthy child With normal level hormones.

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How do we treat

Treatment results

Treatment of chronic autoimmune thyroiditis: The nodes have resolved, and this is not a miracle.

Patient E., 51 years old, came to the Clinic in June 2013. with a diagnosis of chronic autoimmune thyroiditis, nodular form, hypothyroidism. Sick for 5 years. Constantly takes hormone replacement drugs. Despite this, note the deterioration of the condition: rapid fatigue worries, increased drowsiness, interruptions in the work of the heart, edema appeared, weight began to gain. Against the background of HRT, an increase in TSH to 6.8 μIU / ml with an upper limit of normal of 3.4 μIU / ml, a decrease in free T4 to 0.61 ng / ml with lower border norm 0.7 ng/ml, increase in the level of AT-TPO up to 598 IU/ml at a norm of 5.61 IU/ml.
On ultrasound, the total volume of the thyroid gland is normal, the nodular formation is up to 2.64 * 1.4 cm in size, with perinodular blood flow of the PSS -34 cm/s. Before the start of treatment at the oncological dispensary, a biopsy of the node was performed.
The patient underwent 3 courses of treatment with interruptions according to the treatment plan.
After the first course of treatment, the patient's subjective state improved, her hormonal status improved: the TSH value was slightly above the norm of 3.8 μIU/ml with an upper limit of the norm of 3.4 μIU/ml, free T4 at the lower limit of the norm. According to ultrasound of the thyroid gland: the speed of perinodular blood flow decreased from 34 cm/s to 14 cm/s.
After the second course of treatment, he does not complain, notes weight loss. The hormonal status has recovered, the titer of antibodies to TPO is normal. At the control ultrasound in the right lobe, a nodular formation is determined, up to 1.4 * 0.85 cm in size, avascular. As a result of treatment, it is recommended to reduce the dose of the hormone replacement drug to 50 mcg.
After the 3rd course: no complaints. The thyroid profile remains normal. At the control ultrasound, the node of the right lobe up to 0.59 cm in size is avascular.
As a result of treatment, a dose reduction of the hormone replacement drug by another 25 mcg was recommended. The patient continues to take the drug at a dose of 25 mcg.
The next course of computer reflexology was scheduled for December 2014 to continue treatment and further reduce the dosage of the drug.

A 32-year-old patient came to the Clinic in February 2014. diagnosed with chronic autoimmune thyroiditis, atrophic form, hypothyroidism, first diagnosed. bad general well-being within 1.5 years, gradual weight gain (during this time weight gain was 12 kg), the menstrual cycle was disturbed. During this time, she was not examined and was not treated. The examination revealed an increase in TSH more than 2 times higher than normal (up to 8.1 μIU / ml with an upper limit of the norm of 3.4 μIU / ml), a decrease in free T4 to 0.59 ng / ml with a lower limit of the norm 0, 7 ng / ml, The level of antibody titer to TPO -516 at the norm - up to 5.61 IU / ml.

With ultrasound of the thyroid gland, the contours are uneven, fuzzy, the thyroid tissue is poorly differentiated from the surrounding tissues, muscle structures, there is a decrease in the total volume to 3.2 cm \With).

The patient underwent 3 courses of treatment by computer reflexology. Hormone replacement therapy was not performed.

After the 2nd course there are no complaints, weight loss is 7 kg, the menstrual cycle is regular. TSH is 1.5 times higher than normal. After the 3rd course of TSH, T4 is free, the level of antibody titer to TPO is normal. With ultrasound of the thyroid gland, the total volume is 6.8 cm3. Vascularization of the gland recovered to 15-18 cm/s.

The patient continues to be observed in the Clinic. She feels good, she has no complaints. The positive trend continues. Ultrasound of the thyroid gland revealed no pathology.

Patient K., 25 years old, was diagnosed with chronic autoimmune thyroiditis, nodular form, hyperthyroidism. The patient began to be disturbed by palpitations, tearfulness, irritability, insomnia. The examination revealed: low TSH below 0.01, high free T4 - 2.9 at the upper limit of normal 1.48; high free T3 - 5.2 with an upper limit of normal - 3.7 and a high titer of antibodies to TG up to 512. On ultrasound: the volume of the thyroid gland is increased, the right lobe is up to 21 cm3, left lobe– up to 22 cm3; in the right lobe there are two nodes with a diameter of 1.9 cm and 1.6 cm; in the left lobe one node 1.7 cm.

The patient was held 2 courses of treatment by computer reflexology for 15 sessions with a break between courses of 1 month. Hormone therapy was not prescribed.

In the first course of treatment, the patient's subjective state improved: she became calmer, sleep was restored, her heartbeat was not disturbed, thyroid function began to recover. Before the start of the second course, free T4 decreased from 2.9 to 1.62; free T3 decreased from 5.2 to 3.9.

After the second course of treatment, thyroid function returned to normal: TSH - 0.56 at the lower limit of normal - 0.34, free T4 - 1.22, free T3 -3.1. The titer of antibodies to TG decreased from 512 to 85. On ultrasound: the volume of the thyroid gland decreased - the right lobe - up to 11 cm3, the left lobe - up to 12.5 cm3, the nodes became smaller in the right lobe 1.3 cm and 1 cm, in the left lobe the node 1.1 cm.

After the second course, she became pregnant and gave birth to a healthy child.
Thyroid hormones during pregnancy and after childbirth remained normal. There were no relapses. On the control ultrasound, the volume of the thyroid gland is normal: the right lobe is 8.6 cm3, the left lobe is 8.4 cm3, in the right lobe there is one node of 0.6 cm, in the left lobe there are no nodes. Hormones are normal. The titer of anti-TG antibodies is normal.

Patient P., aged 43, applied in 2007 diagnosed with chronic autoimmune thyroiditis, atrophic form, hypothyroidism.

The last 6 months after the endured psycho-emotional stress, weakness, drowsiness, tearfulness, apathy, interruptions in the heart began to disturb, hair began to fall out, edema appeared. Body weight during this period increased by 9 kilograms. The menstrual cycle has been disrupted. The examination revealed the following changes; TSH - 8.39 (2 times higher than normal); T4 - 7.54 (below normal), antibodies to TPO - very high - 1200 (at a rate of up to 30). On ultrasound of the thyroid gland: the volume of the thyroid gland is reduced, the left lobe is 1.8 cm3, the right lobe is 2.0 cm3; There are many small cysts in the structure of the thyroid gland.

Conducted 2 courses of computer reflexology for 15 sessions, with a break of 1 month. The patient did not take hormones. Already at the end of the first course of treatment, the patient began to feel much better: she became calmer, her mood improved, she had more strength, tearfulness and interruptions in her heart stopped bothering her. After the second course, her condition continued to improve, her hair stopped falling out, swelling disappeared, she lost 6 kg.

The menstrual cycle became regular. Hormones (TSH and T4) after the 2nd course returned to normal, antibodies to TPO decreased to 326. At the control ultrasound: the volume of the thyroid gland became normal (left lobe - 3.2 cm3, right lobe - 3.8 cm3), the structure at it has normalized.

Six months later, the third - maintenance course of treatment was carried out.

The patient was observed for 5 years, she did not complain, thyroid hormones remained normal, antibodies to TPO gradually decreased to normal .. The weight decreased by another 4 kg. Monthly regular. Special Violations did not report health. Against the background of computer reflexology treatment without hormones, the thyroid gland and its function were restored.

Patient O., 26 years old, was diagnosed with chronic autoimmune thyroiditis, hypertrophic form, hyperthyroidism.

In the last three months, the patient began to worry about tearfulness, irritability, insomnia, heart palpitations (tachycardia), shortness of breath, she lost 5 kg. During the examination, it was found that the thyroid hormones T4 and T3 are 1.5 times higher than normal, TSH is reduced to - 0.01, antibodies to TPO - more than 1000. On ultrasound: the volume of the thyroid gland is increased, the right lobe is up to 24 cm3, left lobe - up to 28 cm3; there are many small cysts in the structure.

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