No nose breathing without a runny nose in a child. Sharp congestion of one half of the nose. Why does the baby grunt and sniff when breathing

Nasal congestion is a common colds X. However, this unpleasant symptom may indicate various violations in the human body. Children feel especially uncomfortable when their nose does not breathe. Often this is accompanied by the release of mucus, but in some cases, snot is not observed with a stuffy nose. Why does the child not breathe through the nose, and how can I help him?

Stuck sleep without snot delivers no less discomfort than a runny nose, so this symptom must be dealt with.

Why stuffy nose in a child?

The nose is designed in such a way that air freely enters the body, undergoes cleaning and moistening. With poor patency in the sinuses, the process of oxygen supply is disrupted, and the person feels discomfort. So why does a child have a stuffy nose? This phenomenon has several reasons:

1. First of all, sinus congestion causes swelling of the mucous membrane, which occurs due to inflammation or allergies. With colds, swelling leads to a rush of blood to the sites of inflammation, and with allergies, the mucous membrane is irritated by allergens.
2. Violation of the structure and functionality of the nasal passages.
3. The appearance of growths or proliferation of lymphoid tissue.
4. Nose clogged with accumulation of mucus. This happens with colds, allergic manifestations, during teething in infants.
5. The reaction of the body to the presence of vasodilators in the blood.
6. Dry air in the children's room. The nasal mucosa does not cope with the function of moisturizing, and crusts form in the nasal passages, which prevent normal breathing. This happens especially often at night.

What does it mean if the nose is stuffed up, but there is no snot?

Runny nose in a child common occurrence with influenza and acute respiratory infections. It goes away after recovery. However, if nasal congestion is not accompanied by snot at all, many parents are confused. This problem especially worries children at night while sleeping. Why is the nose stuffed up, but there is no snot? Consider the main causes of this condition:

• Chronic vasomotor rhinitis. This pathology can develop as a result of improper treatment of various diseases, for example, with prolonged uncontrolled use of vasoconstrictors. The muscular walls of the vessels cease to respond to external stimulants, and the nasal mucosa becomes sensitive to any stimuli.
• Allergic reaction. Most often, allergies are accompanied by tearing, sneezing and copious excretion mucus. However, sometimes the body reacts to the allergen only with nasal congestion. Pet hair or bird feathers, dust, mold, insects can cause such a reaction.
• Sinusitis. Mucosal edema occurs due to inflammation in paranasal sinuses. The disease develops against the background of a cold and is accompanied by headaches, fever.
• Congenital anomalies of the nasal septum. Pathology may not manifest itself for several years. Over time, narrowing of one or two nasal passages occurs, which prevents the normal flow of air.
• Violation of the structure of the nasal passages due to trauma.
• Polyps. Neoplasms appear in children who often suffer from infectious or colds. The body tries to protect itself from pathogenic elements by increasing the volume of the mucous membrane. Growths are formed for a long time.

• Adenoids. Inflamed tonsils capable of completely blocking the nasal passages.
• Foreign body. Toddlers often try to stick small beads, details from the designer, berries and leaves up their noses. Parents need to closely monitor the child when he plays. A long stay of a foreign object leads to inflammatory processes. It is dangerous to pull them out on your own, as you can push the object deeper, which will damage the nasal septum or cause an asthma attack.
• With dry air in the children's room, the kids stuff their nose, but there is no mucus.
• Tumor process of ENT organs.
• Long-term use medicines or hormonal drugs which have a vasodilating effect.
• Pathology of the kidneys, cardiovascular or endocrine system can cause circulatory disorders in the mucosa and provoke edema.
• Some children react with nasal congestion to abrupt change environment.

How to help a child?

Difficulty breathing brings a lot of inconvenience to the baby. The problem is especially aggravated at night when the child is in a prone position. He sleeps poorly, snores in his sleep, has no appetite, worsens brain activity. In a newborn who is forced to breathe through his mouth, the process of nutrition is disturbed. It is necessary to treat this problem together with the pediatrician.

Nasal congestion should be treated under the supervision of a pediatrician

Pharmacy preparations

For effective elimination pathology in a child, it is necessary to find out its cause. With allergic rhinitis, it will be enough to remove the allergen and take antihistamine. In the event that a foreign object prevents the baby from breathing, it is necessary to remove it. The table shows drugs that will help alleviate the child's condition and eliminate puffiness with a "dry" runny nose.

The use of vasoconstrictor drops for children should be strictly prescribed by a doctor. Do not use drugs for longer than 5 days. If the nasal passage in the baby is clogged, it is necessary to moisten the mucous membrane and remove dry crusts. Removing congestion usually requires integrated approach to treatment.

Folk remedies

Folk methods of dealing with "dry" runny nose are popular in the treatment of young children. Home remedies do not require a lot of money to prepare and are considered relatively safe:

• For a child, you can make drops from carrot or beetroot juice. It is necessary to finely grate the vegetable, and squeeze the juice through cheesecloth. Mix liquid with water 1:1. Bury the baby in each nostril 4 times a day.
• Aloe juice has a strong anti-inflammatory effect. To prepare nasal drops, take 10 parts of juice and add 1 part of water to it. However, you should carefully monitor the reaction of the child's body, since this plant can cause an allergy in a child. You can relieve inflammation of the mucosa with herbal infusions.
• Prepare an infusion for nasal use using calendula, sage and plantain. tablespoon herbal collection it is necessary to pour 1 cup of boiling water and cool. Treat the nose during the day 3-4 times. Replace pharmacy drops to moisturize the nose, you can use chamomile infusion or saline solution (7 g of salt per glass of water).

With sinusitis, it is advised to bury the nose with Kalanchoe juice or a solution sea ​​salt with iodine (1 drop of iodine, a pinch of salt, a glass of water).

Warming up the nose can be used to eliminate congestion only if it is excluded acute sinusitis. The procedure is carried out before going to bed for 10-15 minutes using warm eggs or heated bags of salt. The duration of therapy is 7-10 days.

Surgical intervention

Elimination of nasal congestion surgically carried out in the event that medical methods of treatment do not bring the desired result. Operations are usually performed on children older than 4 years. The decision to carry out the procedure is made by a specialist. Before surgical intervention held full examination patient. The following are the types of operations and indications for their implementation:

• Polyectomy removes polyps in the nose.
• Adenoidectomy is aimed at eliminating the adenoids. Children are recommended to remove adenoids with a laser.
• Congenital or acquired curvature of the nasal septum is corrected with a septoplasty.
• Conchotomy is necessary for tumor processes in the nasal concha.
• Vasotomy is used in chronic vasomotor rhinitis.

Other measures

Many experts advise using massage in the treatment of the common cold. Rubbing the area between the eyebrows or the parotid area helps to improve blood flow and relieve swelling of the nose. Massage of the wings of the nose and the area slightly higher is also considered effective. The child will feel a little relief if mom rubs his pads thumb on hands.

Mild nasal congestion will go away if you steam your feet for a couple of days in a row and put on woolen socks before going to bed.

A hot foot bath will help relieve congestion. To enhance the effect, you can add mustard, herbal infusion of chamomile or mint to the water. It is better to do the procedure before going to bed. However, warming the legs is contraindicated in children under 3 years of age. AT complex therapy complex forms of rhinitis, the following physiotherapeutic methods are used:

• laser treatment;
• ultrasonic impact;
• inhalation;
• manual therapy and acupuncture;
• electrophoresis;
• ultraviolet treatment;
• breathing exercises.

Prevention of nasal congestion in children

Children who have good immunity get sick less often, so strengthening the child's body will avoid many unpleasant pathologies. The child should regularly walk on fresh air, take a contrast shower, eat right. Reception vitamin complexes and flu shots during seasonal illnesses reduce the risk of colds.

To prevent nasal congestion, it is necessary to constantly ventilate the children's room and do wet cleaning of the room. During the heating season, you can humidify the air with the help of special devices, and in their absence, place a damp towel near the heaters. Timely treatment colds, reduce the risk of complicated forms of rhinitis and sinusitis.

When a child has a stuffy nose, parents immediately begin to look for the causes of a runny nose. And frankly they are at a loss when it turns out that the child’s picture of the disease does not fit into general ideas about rhinitis - there is congestion, but there is no mucus.

Yevgeny Komarovsky, a well-known pediatrician, TV presenter and author of books on children's health, talks about what this can mean and how to deal with it.

About the problem

Dry nasal congestion in medicine is called "posterior rhinitis". This condition is more dangerous than any runny nose, accompanied by discharge, since it may indicate serious "malfunctions" in the ENT organs.

Congestion is associated with swelling of the mucous membranes, and the absence of mucus at the same time indicates the non-infectious nature of the disease. If a runny nose is caused by viruses, it will be necessary to leak from the nose, so the body brings out foreign "guests". Dry congestion, most often, according to doctors, caused an allergic reaction, a foreign body that got stuck in the nasal passages. This condition is also characteristic of children with congenital or acquired curvature of the nasal septum, in which nasal breathing is significantly impaired in general.

Sometimes a runny nose without discharge is a sign that the mucus in the back of the child has dried up, and this caused swelling. In rare cases, a dry runny nose is a symptom of heart and circulation problems.

Dry runny nose can also be medical, usually they suffer from children whom parents for too long, contrary to all the prescriptions of doctors and common sense, have been treated for ordinary rhinitis with vasoconstrictor nasal preparations.

If a child accidentally inhales a piece of food, a crumb, a small part from a toy, then it is most likely that he will have only one nasal passage, the second nostril will breathe without problems.

Danger

The main danger of nasal congestion without mucus secretion is in the possible atrophy of the mucous membrane of the nasal passages. This can happen if the problem was ignored or the condition was treated incorrectly. It is not excluded the development of secondary diseases of the nasopharynx, which will cause irreversible changes in the tissues of the respiratory system.

In children with dry runny nose, as a rule, sleep is disturbed, neurosis develops due to lack of sleep, they become restless and nervous. If the cause is pathological (and only a doctor can establish this), untreated posterior rhinitis can cause impaired sense of smell and hearing loss.

Dry congestion disrupts cerebral circulation. Prolonged absence of nasal breathing can develop severe violations work of cerebral vessels.

Doctor Komarovsky about the problem

Evgeny Komarovsky looks at the problem of dry nasal congestion a little more optimistically than most of his colleagues. According to an authoritative doctor, 80% of cases of a runny nose without snot are a consequence of excessive parental care. In other words, moms and dads create greenhouse conditions for the child: it’s hot at home, you can’t open the windows, “because there is a small child at home!”, You shouldn’t walk in cool and windy weather, because “the baby can get sick”.

Violation temperature regime coupled with excessively dry air in the apartment leads to drying of the mucous membrane of the nasal passages. The mucus outflow system is disturbed, swelling is formed, and as a result, the nose does not breathe.

Komarovsky urges parents to more closely monitor the child, if there are no other symptoms of ill health, except for congestion, you should not worry too much.

It is enough to create the “right” conditions for the child to normal life: according to the doctor, the air temperature in the apartment should not be higher than 19 degrees, air humidity - 50-70%.

In the house it is necessary to do wet cleaning more often, to ventilate the room. The child should often walk, walks should be as long as the age of the little one allows.

Often, the well-known flu and SARS begin with dry nasal congestion, says Komarovsky. In this case, such a reaction of the nasal passages - defense mechanism. Usually, after a day or two, a dry runny nose with a viral infection necessarily becomes wet.

Infants with a dry runny nose are a fairly common phenomenon. Sounding the alarm is not worth it, says Yevgeny Komarovsky. The child adapts, adapts to the environment, and therefore nasal congestion (which in infants is already very narrow) is a variant of the norm. The mucosa in newborns dries up also because the back of their nasal passages is narrowed, because of this, the crumbs often sleep with open mouth. Usually the symptom goes away on its own and without the use of any medications within 2-3 weeks of independent life of the crumbs outside the mother's tummy.

How to treat a runny nose will tell Dr. Komarovsky in the next video.

Allergic dry rhinitis is not as common in children as manufacturers make it out to be. expensive drugs from allergies, says Komarovsky, as well as congenital deformity of the nasal septum. Such a pathology is generally visible from the first days of life, and the mother will definitely be informed about it, if not in the maternity hospital, then at the first examination by a pediatrician.

How to find the cause of an allergic rhinitis, how it differs from an infectious rhinitis, Dr. Komarovsky will tell in the video below.

Komarovsky advises thinking about a foreign body in the nose first of all if the child is already walking and actively exploring the world. Already at least for this you need to visit an ENT doctor in person.

Children from a year old quite often inhale various trifles, but they cannot tell their parents about what happened. In this situation without qualified assistance a specialist is indispensable.

Treatment

If congestion without mucus is caused by the drying of the latter in the posterior parts of the nasal passages, no specific treatment not required, says Komarovsky. Optimal conditions environment, as mentioned above, and sometimes - nasal lavage sea ​​water or weak saline solution. This treatment is safe, non-toxic.

The main condition is that instillations should not be three or four times a day. Komarovsky says that salt water treatments will be effective only when parents do not become lazy and start dripping into the child's nose every 20-30 minutes, except for bedtime, of course.

But Yevgeny Olegovich does not advise dripping vasoconstrictor drops into the nose of a child without extreme necessity (without a prescription).

Firstly, they cause persistent drug addiction, and secondly, the benefits of them are temporary, nasal congestion necessarily returns when the effect of the drug ends. If the doctor prescribed such drops ("Nazivin", "Nazol", etc.), then you should not drip them for more than three days in a row. This is not a recommendation but a requirement.

Komarovsky advises to start treatment with cleaning respiratory tract from dried crusts of mucus. To do this, parents can use an aspirator or flush.

If there is an inhaler at home, the child can be inhaled with essential oils and decoctions of medicinal herbs, such as chamomile, sage.

A prerequisite for recovery is a plentiful drinking regimen. So that the mucous membrane does not dry out, the child needs to drink a lot. Dr. Komarovsky recommends giving the baby more water without gas, tea, compotes, herbal infusions, decoctions.

It is important to remember that a child needs an abundance of fluid not only during the period of illness, but also in health too. Then these diseases themselves, such as dry and wet rhinitis, cough will be much less, and ailments will flow much easier.

If dry congestion in a child arose due to an allergy, and this was confirmed by a doctor and laboratory tests, then the main treatment, according to Komarovsky, will be to completely isolate the peanut from the antigen to which an inadequate reaction of the body occurred. In addition, it will be better if mom and dad put the child on hypoallergenic diet and will ensure that the house does not contain animal hair, dust deposits, chlorine-based household chemicals.

Tips

To humidify the air in the apartment where the child lives, it is best to use a humidifier. But this device is quite expensive, and therefore, if there is no money in the family budget for its purchase, you can place small containers with water in the corners, which will evaporate, you can buy an aquarium with fish, hang wet towels or pillowcases on the batteries and moisten them regularly. The latter is especially true in winter time when the batteries heat up and additionally dry the air.

Do not inhale your child over a bowl of boiling water. Komarovsky urges parents to be prudent, and recalls that such procedures can cause burns to the mucous membranes. It is best to do inhalation using a special inhaler or a fine spray device - a nebulizer.

With a dry runny nose, which is not amenable to the above home methods of therapy, Komarovsky advises to be sure to be examined by a pediatrician, ENT, allergist, take a blood test for antibodies, allergic tests. Congestion can be cured, he recalls, only when it is possible to find and cure the cause of its occurrence.

When the baby begins to sniffle, and breathing becomes difficult, the parents understand that he is sick. As a result, other signs of a cold are expected, and, of course, a runny nose. But it doesn't always work out that way. Often this situation drags on, there is no snot, and the baby's nose is blocked.

It is clear that parents begin to panic, because what to do with a cold is more or less clear, but how to act in this case, many do not even know. In our article we will try to explain why such a problematic situation arises.

The child does not breathe a nose without snot: reasons

Nasal congestion without obvious manifestations of a runny nose can appear in many circumstances. Among the most common causes are: individual structural features of the nasal septum, the occurrence of polyps and adenoids, allergies, the ingress of a foreign body into the nasal passages.

Sometimes with a deviated nasal septum, breathing through the nose may be completely absent. In most cases, it is partially missing. The deterioration is observed with the growing up of the child. This pathology leads to the fact that there is a narrowing of the nasal passages. When a child begins to swell the nasal mucosa, his sense of smell disappears and his nose is stuffed up so much that he cannot breathe. In this case, the pathology cannot be treated with medications, surgical intervention is recommended.

In some cases, infectious diseases or allergies that have not been completely cured lead to the onset of inflammatory processes. The latter, in turn, contribute to the formation of polyps. This process is quite long.

Polyps that have grown in the nose prevent the free penetration of air into the child's respiratory tract. In addition to difficulty breathing, the baby's sense of smell is reduced, and taste sensations are disturbed. The cause of adenoiditis is the growth of adenoids (nasopharyngeal tonsils). This disease is typical for preschoolers and young children. school age. In most cases, adenoid growth begins after past illnesses such as flu, measles, scarlet fever and others. These diseases affect the mucous membranes of the mouth and tonsils.

Allergic reactions to flowering various plants and on pets leads to the development of allergic rhinitis, as a result - nasal congestion. If such situations are repeated with a specific frequency, it is necessary to show the baby to an allergist. The doctor will be able, based on various tests, to identify an allergen with which the child should not be in contact.

It happens that a child who has somewhere fallen out of the field of observation of his parents can put some small object into his nose. As a result of the ingress of such a foreign body into the nasal passages or into the posterior part of the nasal cavity, not only congestion can be felt, but suffocation may also occur. In this situation, if the parents cannot understand on their own the cause of the situation that has arisen with breathing, it is necessary to urgently consult a doctor.

One of the signs of a cold or hypothermia in a child can be nasal congestion. At the initial stage of the ARVI disease, a runny nose does not always appear.

How to ease nasal breathing in a child

It is quite possible to cure nasal congestion in a child at home, but this requires consultation with a pediatrician. How to relieve your baby's discomfort:

• First of all, you need to monitor the hygiene of the room. Humidity and temperature must be within certain limits. So it is worth keeping the humidity in the range of 50-70%. The temperature in the room should not be much lower than 180C and higher than 200C. In the apartment you need to regularly carry out wet cleaning, ventilate it. It is also worth paying special attention to those items that can cause allergic reactions in a child. In most cases, the fulfillment of these conditions contributes to speedy recovery baby;
• Walks in the open air. It is advisable to go outside only if the child does not have a temperature. When the baby walks on the street, there are certain changes in nasal congestion, the swelling decreases, the snot becomes more liquid. Due to the fact that there are fewer obstructions to breathing, the child feels better. Important! Choose places for walking where there is the least air pollution. You should not walk in severe frost, during the flowering of plants (in case of allergic rhinitis);
• Warm drink. Very often, the first recommendation of doctors for ARVI is to drink plenty of warm liquids. When there is not enough fluid, the mucous membranes can dry out and swell. As a result, thick mucus appears, which leads to nasal congestion;
• The use of folk remedies. Important! If parents decide to treat the baby with folk remedies, one should not forget about two basic rules: the allergic reaction of children to herbs and their age. If the child has a high temperature or the cause of the disease is a bacterial infection, do not steam inhalation, warm up the nose or put hot compresses. Effective remedies for nasal congestion can be healing decoctions herbs for inhalation, warming up the nose boiled egg, instillation with Kalanchoe and aloe juice, warm mustard-based foot baths, mustard plasters on the feet, applying lotions with a decoction of chamomile and St. John's wort on the nose. An important step towards recovery is the massage of the wings of the nose, bridge of the nose. For this you need to do circular motions, rubbing, light tapping;
• Nasal drops. It is advisable to use vasoconstrictor drops only in situations where there are no other ways to ease the baby's breathing. These drugs do not have medicinal properties, they simply help to improve breathing through the nose. Their action lasts for 3-6 hours. Doctors recommend taking drops only at night so that the baby can sleep peacefully. Most often, pediatricians prescribe Galazolin, Otrivin, Vibrocil, Tizin, Sanorin, Nazivin and other means. Before you start taking it, you should study the instructions well and in no case exceed the dosage recommended by the pediatrician. Vasoconstrictor drops are often prescribed for allergic rhinitis. In our next articles you will find more detailed information about drops from the common cold.

nose wash procedure

Doctors prescribe nasal lavage for a runny nose and in case of sinusitis. For this procedure, the following drugs are used: Miramistin, Protargol, Kollargol, etc. These funds are antiseptics. In the pharmacy you can buy such saline solutions as Aqua Maris, Salin, Aqua-lor, which have proven themselves very well in the treatment of nasal congestion. You can also perform the procedure using folk remedies: a decoction of chamomile, calendula, celandine, oak bark, elecampane, sage, etc.

There is no need to rinse the nose with polyps or adenoids.

What is the danger of rinsing a stuffy nose?

Since the nose is stuffy and the nasal passages are narrowed, the irrigation solution will not drain into the nasopharynx. Under pressure, he can get into auditory tube, which usually results in inflammation of the middle ear (otitis media).

If, nevertheless, washing can give a good result, it is necessary to drip the nose with vasoconstrictor drops shortly before the procedure. When the disease is complicated by sinusitis, washing at home is not enough. Doctors recommend doing "cuckoo" (washing the nose) in the hospital.

Medications for nasal congestion

Nasal congestion can occur due to inflammation in the paranasal sinuses. The inflammation itself is the result of an excess of histamine in the child's body. In this case, antihistamines are prescribed for treatment.

The drugs Cetirizine or Fexofenadine are prescribed in difficult cases. You can only buy them with a doctor's prescription.

Sometimes it is quite difficult to do without special vasoconstrictor drops for sinusitis or severe congestion nose for no apparent reason. Therefore, doctors prescribe Dlyanos, Tizin, Galazolin, Otrivin and other drugs. It is advisable to purchase drops that contain oil. It does not allow drops to dry the nasal mucosa even more.

Pseudoephedrine also helps to relieve swelling. This is a very effective remedy that can quickly alleviate the suffering of a stuffy nose. It has no contraindications, so it is often recommended by experts. This remedy is used in the treatment of sinusitis.

Important! The course of treatment with decongestants should not exceed 3 days. Otherwise, the patient's condition will worsen.

The child does not breathe his nose, there is no snot: how to treat? Folk remedies

Treatment at home:

• Inhalations. Can be used for inhalation mineral water and saline. Well established folk way- inhalation over boiled potatoes. You need to breathe in pairs for 5-10 minutes, covered with a blanket;
• Washing the nose with saline. The procedure leads to liquefaction of mucus and softening of dried crusts. A positive feature of such washing is to prevent the occurrence of inflammatory processes in the sinuses;
• Massage. Light massage and small tapping in the area near the bridge of the nose helps to improve blood circulation and excretion excess mucus from the nose;
• Kalanchoe juice. If you drip Kalanchoe juice into your nose every day, recovery can occur in a few days. This remedy is used to treat sinusitis;
• An aqueous solution of sea salt. The remedy is prepared as follows: water, 1 drop of iodine, a pinch of salt are mixed in a glass. Everything is shaken and instilled into the nose for several days. It is necessary to alternately bury one or the other nostril. It is used for chronic sinusitis;
• Herbal lotions. To begin with, prepare a decoction of chamomile, linden, St. John's wort (take 1 teaspoon each). Next, moisten a piece of gauze with a decoction and inject it in turn into each nostril;
• Warming up with warm boiled eggs. Warming up the nose on both sides can relieve swelling with sinusitis. The course of treatment is 10 days, 10-15 minutes a day. It is advisable to perform the procedure before going to bed.

The child does not breathe his nose, there is no snot: reviews

Karina Nemova, Kaliningrad

My son had his first nasal polyp at the age of seven. This is a very early age to perform surgery and teach the child to use nasal drops and sprays. My grandmother subscribes to the newspaper healthy image life." Several editions pointed out great action kalanchoe juice for the treatment and prevention of polyps. Luckily, this plant grows in our kitchen window. I squeezed the juice and began to bury my son's nose with it. The polyp did not disappear, but it did not grow either. New formations did not arise. Which I am definitely very happy about.

Pavel Kupriyanov, St. Petersburg

I personally bought my daughter an inhaler and as soon as her nose gets stuffy, we carry out manipulations without leaving home. They are very easy to use. My wife showed me once, and now my daughter and I are treated in the form of a game, she me, I her. Breathing normalizes momentarily for the two of us. The inhalation apparatus itself is expensive, but the funds poured into it are cheap.

Anna Voronina, Kaluga

My daughter often stuffs up her nose, drops of "Dlyanos" dripped. The body quickly got used to this drug, and the drops simply stopped helping. My daughter dripped her nose out of habit until I saw this. The last time the edema passed from the nasal cavity to the pharynx. At first I did not understand why my child was choking, but she managed to show me the bottle and grabbed the neck. Of course, I was scared, but not confused. I inserted a flexible tube from a toy into her neck and called ambulance. The paramedics said that with my quick reaction, I saved my girl's life. The edema was so strong that there was practically no clearance for breathing.

Violetta Prozorya, Tambov

I do not like the action of Miramistin both for washing the nose and for irrigating the throat. I think this drug is very weak. It costs quite expensive 452 rubles. The last time when the district pediatrician prescribed it to us, I didn’t even buy it. In childhood, my son washed his nose with this remedy, he had congestion, but there were no symptoms of a cold, the drug did not remove the edema, I had to first drip Kalanchoe juice, and then Aqualor baby.

Galina Karabash, Rostov-on-Don

My daughter had polyps three times in her life. Every time we were saved by drops of Tizin for the nose. But recently this tool has ceased to work. Perhaps an addiction has occurred or the body has grown stronger and needs enough strong remedy to fight polyposis. I would like, of course, that specialists in our city could give more accurate recommendations for the treatment of diseases. In the state polyclinic, you can’t interrogate coupons for an ENT, in private clinic prescribe expensive drugs.

Marina Uvarova, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky

We treat allergic reaction in the form of a stuffy nose with an inhaler. The only disadvantage of the treatment is that the body quickly gets used to the components. Fortunately, there are a lot of saline solutions in modern pharmacology, you can fill the device with a new one every time.

Olga Galkina, Krasnodar

A decoction of chamomile helps to cope with nasal congestion and eliminate the inflammatory process. Washing is difficult for children, but when performing manipulations, you can achieve good result. Tested on my kids. I advise.

The situation when a child does not breathe through the nose, but there is no snot, is familiar to many parents firsthand. This problem is a matter of concern and requires urgent intervention. But before taking any action, you need to figure out why the child's nose is stuffy without a runny nose.

The reasons

Many parents themselves have repeatedly experienced discomfort in cases where the nose does not breathe, the head hurts and general well-being leaves much to be desired. In children, this is aggravated by the fact that not all of them, due to their age, can explain what worries them. Parents need to be very attentive to situations where the child has a stuffy nose, but without snot, and this has been going on for quite a long time.

Several options for why children may have congestion without a runny nose:

1. Trauma, pathology. Perhaps the nasal septum has features, curvature, due to which the narrowing of the passages occurs and the mucus is not rejected.
2. Adenoid growths resulting from the transferred infectious diseases(flu, measles, scarlet fever and others).
3. Overgrown polyps in the nose, as a result of which the passages narrow, breathing is difficult and snot does not flow out.
4. Foreign bodies lodged in the nasal cavity.
5. An allergic reaction that caused the development of the inflammatory process and edema.

Colds

If a child sniffles through his nose, but there is no snot, most likely he has a cold, SARS or flu. There is a reaction of the body to infection, mucus is formed. With its normal discharge, the runny nose disappears in a week, but the retention of mass in the nasopharynx and shortness of breath indicate the presence of a pathology.

If the disease is complicated by a bacterial infection, there is a risk of developing inflammation of the sinuses - sinusitis. In this case, the discharge becomes purulent, it is more and more difficult to breathe.

Adenoids and polyps

Many parents are interested in why the child snores in his sleep. Most likely, there is inflammation of the adenoids - adenoiditis. With this disease, children begin to snore and snort in their sleep.

In most cases, this is a consequence of past illnesses such as influenza, measles and scarlet fever. At night, the baby sleeps with his mouth ajar, stuffy nose emits sniffling.

Similar symptoms are present in children with polyps. These neoplasms, growing in the nose, prevent the child from breathing freely and at a certain stage require medical intervention.

Pathologies and foreign bodies

Anatomical and physiological features of the structure of the nasopharynx, narrowing, curvature and other changes as a result of injuries can also be the cause of nasal congestion in children. Dried mucus in the sinuses does not go away and clogs the passages, making it difficult to breathe. The child snores at night, suffocates, and only a visit to the doctor will help determine the cause of the disease.

Often young children, while playing, accidentally put some small object into the nostril, as a result of which the posterior part of the nasal cavity may be closed and nasal congestion will occur in the child without snot and clear signs of a cold. This should alert parents and be the reason for a visit to the doctor. Only a doctor with the help of special equipment will be able to establish the true cause of an incomprehensible nasal congestion without a runny nose.

allergic reactions

Pollen from various plants, animal hair, unfamiliar foods and various household products can cause severe allergies in children. They begin to stuff their nose, they sneeze, cough, but there are no obvious symptoms of a cold.

For parents who have encountered this for the first time, the situation causes panic, especially if everything is aggravated by swelling and shortness of breath in children. First of all, it is necessary to try to eliminate the cause that caused such a reaction, and in the future, allergic rhinitis requires contacting a specialist and taking medications that alleviate the symptoms of the disease.

Help at home

A snoring, choking child, of course, should first of all be examined by a doctor.

After establishing the cause of nasal congestion, treatment (conservative or surgical) and a set of measures aimed at alleviating and eliminating the symptoms of the disease are recommended.

At home, you should try to help your child breathe easier so that a stuffy nose does not cause more serious illnesses. What can be done for this:

1. Dry indoor air often causes nasal congestion in children, and excess dust can easily provoke an allergic reaction. To prevent this from happening, it is necessary to maintain a humidity of about 60% and a temperature of 18 to 20 ° C in the apartment. It is regularly required to carry out wet cleaning and often ventilate the room.
2. Staying in the fresh air also helps to reduce mucosal edema and discharge thick snot. You should not walk only in severe frost and during the flowering of allergenic plants.
3. A plentiful warm drink is recommended, which helps to soften the mucous membrane and cause snot to come out. If you are not allergic to medicinal plants, you can give your child a decoction of plants (chamomile, hawthorn) every evening so that he night sleep was more calm.
4. In extreme cases, if nothing helps, it is recommended to instill vasoconstrictor drops into the nose to facilitate breathing (Sanorin, Otrivin, Tizin, etc.). But it should be remembered that their use should not be too long and it is excluded when allergic edema.
5. For sinusitis, the nose is washed with saline and antiseptic solutions. The most famous of the latter are Miramistin, Protargol and Kollargol. A solution of salt (sea or ordinary) can be prepared independently or bought in the form pharmaceutical preparations such as Aqua Maris, Aqualor. Recommended for washing and decoctions of medicinal herbs (chamomile, celandine, calendula, sage and others). With polyps and allergic edema, washing is contraindicated, since the liquid, without getting into the nasopharynx, can penetrate into ear canal and cause otitis.
6. A very good result is given by inhalations, for which mineral water, decoction are used. medicinal herbs. You can breathe over the steam from boiled potatoes, this "grandmother's" way is still popular.

It should be remembered that the treatment of any childhood ailment should be carried out under strict medical supervision.

It is definitely not worth using unknown drugs, focusing on similar situations with friends. It is best to follow the recommendations of the attending physician, so that later you do not have to correct mistakes, paying with the health of the child.

Nasal congestion may be a symptom a large number diseases. In most cases, it is accompanied by a runny nose. However, sometimes there is a so-called dry congestion.

This condition can be even more dangerous than ordinary rhinitis. Especially if a child suffers from it.

With the development of standard rhinitis (, viral, bacterial), the process of inflammation starts. This is one of the reactions immune system a person, since it is in the inflamed cells that the destruction of pathogenic microorganisms and other factors that provoked the development of the disease occurs.

Due to the inflammatory process, the patient develops edema that blocks the nasal passages.

Because of this, it is difficult for air to pass through the nasal cavity, which leads to congestion.

This process should be accompanied by the release of mucus, with the help of which the remains of foreign substances are removed from the body. This causes a runny nose.

The lack of discharge can be triggered by two factors:

1. caused not by the action of viruses, but by another factor. That is, mucus is not secreted, since there is no need for its production.
2. The child has developed disorders associated with secretion and mucus secretion (for example, mucus is actually secreted, but due to the fact that the baby breathes dry air, it dries in the nasal cavity without going out).

Nasal congestion in infants without mucus secretion may be the result of breathing through the mouth. At this age, the nasal passages are still very narrow. Sometimes children do not have enough air inhaled through the nose. Therefore, the child is forced to inhale it by mouth. In this case, there is no danger, however, some parents think that their baby has a stuffy nose, starting useless and unnecessary treatment.

Important! If breathing through the mouth is accompanied by additional symptoms, you should consult a doctor.

The main reason for the development of a similar problem in children from two years old is the drying of mucus in the nasal cavity. In some cases, dry mucus blocks the airways, causing congestion, in others, it begins to crack, leading to swelling and the same result.

There are also other factors that provoke dry congestion. The disease may be the result of trauma / curvature of the nasal septum. In some cases, the problem occurs due to the presence of foreign objects in the nose,. It should be noted that some medications can also provoke the development of dry congestion.

Dry runny nose treatment

How and how to treat nasal congestion in a child without mucous secretions? According to Komarovsky, the first thing to do when congestion is found in a child is to abandon the idea of ​​\u200b\u200bself-therapy. The child's body is very sensitive to a variety of substances. Their uncontrolled use can lead to negative results.

Also, do not rely on the methods of traditional medicine.

According to Komarovsky, their use in relation to children can be dangerous.

For example, after raspberry tea sweating increases, which lowers the body temperature of the patient.

However, a child during a cold, which can also be the cause of congestion without snot, needs to constantly maintain water balance, and in case of excessive sweating, it is disturbed.

Improper treatment can further aggravate the condition of the baby.

As for dry congestion, the specialist is sure that it is not her who should be treated, but the cause that led to this condition. This approach will cure the underlying disease, which will lead to the recovery of the baby and the normalization of his nasal breathing. Therefore, according to a specialist, it is better to consult a doctor. Komarovsky draws attention to the fact that the doctor knows the connection between cause and effect.

Reference! The doctor will treat not the symptoms of the disease, which is dry congestion, but the causes of its occurrence.

According to the expert, parents themselves can perform the following actions to normalize the condition of the child:

1. Monitor the hygiene of the patient's nasal cavity.
2. Change the conditions in which he lives.
3. As a last resort, use vasoconstrictor drugs.

The reason for the appearance of congestion without discharge, the specialist considers the drying of the mucous membrane related to the nasal cavity, in combination with the presence of thick mucus in the nasopharynx. These two factors are the reason why the child has a stuffy nose and no snot.

Nose hygiene

First of all, parents should monitor the hygiene of the baby's nasal cavity, take care of the mucous membrane of his nose. It would be appropriate in this case to carry out washings using saline solutions or special preparations based on sea salt.

It is necessary to drip such funds into the nose regularly. They are completely safe and will not harm the patient's body. The frequency of washing is every 20-30 minutes. Do not limit yourself to three procedures during the day (with the exception of night time).

In addition to saline, for this purpose, you can use:

1. "Pinosol".
2. "Ectericide".

These funds can improve the patient's condition without taking vasoconstrictor agents.

They are safe and have no restrictions on their possible use.

The conditions in which the baby lives

Of great importance is the room in which there is a sick child. It is necessary to constantly carry out wet cleaning. This will help raise the level of humidity, which will positively affect the course of the disease. It is important to constantly ventilate the room. However, it is necessary to ensure that during its implementation there are no drafts in the room.

Equally important is the temperature in which the baby is.

According to Komarovsky, the child's room should be supported constant temperature no more than 20-21 degrees Celsius. However, the baby should not be cold.

It will be useful to go for walks as often as possible and breathe fresh air.

Without compliance with these norms, constant washing of the nasal cavity will be ineffective. In combination with them, it can help to achieve a good result. These are simple methods of caring for a baby that contribute to solving the problem. without the use of medications.

Vasoconstrictors

If the described means did not help, vasoconstrictor drugs can be used. However, in the articles of Komarovsky it is noted that special medicines should be used to treat a child, with a lower concentration of the active substance.

In addition, the specialist draws attention to the impossibility of using certain drugs to treat children, especially if they have not reached the age of two.

You can use the following drugs:

• "Nazivin";
• "Panadol Baby";
• "For the Nose";
• Adrianol, etc.

Reference! The drugs described above and others vasoconstrictors available in the form of drops and aerosols. More convenient to use is the second form.

Such tools can be used limited quantity time. As a rule, no more than 6-7 days. Otherwise, the patient's body will become addictive. Because of this, the drugs will not work fully. It is not recommended to increase the dose. This will increase the chance of side effects.

In Dr. Komarovsky's books and TV shows, you can find useful tips for parents that will help prevent the development of the problem. So, the expert recommends:

Following these tips, you can not only prevent the development of congestion without a runny nose, but if it occurs, start therapy on time. However, according to Komarovsky, the lack of effect from the treatment for seven days is the reason for a visit to the doctor.

Conclusion

Nasal congestion in a child without snot can occur due to various factors. At the first manifestations of the problem, it is necessary to deal with its therapy. In accordance with the opinion of Komarovsky, before the start drug therapy you can do washing the nose of the patient, improving the conditions in which he is. It will not be superfluous to go out for walks often.

If such measures have not had an effect, vasoconstrictor drugs can be used. At the first manifestations of the disease, it is recommended to contact a qualified specialist who can determine the cause of its development.

The child's body in the first years of life adapts to the environment, weak immunity may not be able to cope with some diseases, which causes anxiety in parents. A stuffy nose in a child is a very common occurrence against the background of a runny nose or without snot at all, it is necessary to carry out treatment so that the baby can breathe normally. Exist various reasons that cause this phenomenon.

What is nasal congestion in a child

This condition is called sinusitis frequent illness in young children. The nasal canals are blocked, the code lining the nasal cavity of the tissue increases with inflammation blood vessels. Parents should not ignore such a symptom, timely measures will help to avoid complications of the disease. The danger of consequences depends on the factors that provoked sinusitis.

In newborns, congestion can be observed 3-4 times a year and without adequate therapy will be repeated regularly. The nasal passages are very small in children, so the congestion is formed immediately with inflammation. This becomes the reason for partial or complete blocking of the air flow in one or two channels. Treatment of this disease is aimed at determining the root cause of the symptom and treating the underlying disease.

Why stuffy nose

Restriction of breathing occurs for various reasons and treatment is prescribed based on the main factor provoking congestion. Infections, environmental influences, injuries, dry air, hypothermia, dust affect the patency. There are the following main reasons why a child has a constantly stuffy nose:

1. In most cases, sinusitis develops against the background of viral, colds. With hypothermia, a runny nose develops, which provokes inflammation and the nose is blocked partially or completely. Exacerbation occurs in spring and autumn, when there is a sharp temperature drop.
2. Another common problem is an allergic reaction. Under the action of various provoking components, inflammation, swelling of the mucous membrane is formed. The baby begins to sneeze, it is difficult for him to breathe, or snot constantly flows.
3. Enlarged adenoids are another cause of stuffy nose. Inflammation occurs due to frequent colds. They try to resist disease and overgrowth occurs. Inflammation of the adenoids leads to a partial blockage of part of the space of the nasal passage, which complicates the natural breathing of the child.
4. Another reason could be teething. At this stage, there is a weakening of the immune system, which leads to the development of a runny nose, congestion.

Nasal congestion in a child without snot

One of the manifestations of the disease - dry congestion, can mislead young parents. Nasal congestion without a runny nose in a child is an atypical manifestation of a cold, so it becomes difficult to identify the cause of this condition. This problem cannot be ignored, it is necessary to take the baby for examination. Stuffy nose without snot can be following states:

1. Deviations in the structure or damage, curvature of the nasal septum, which affects the child's breathing.
2. Children often try to inhale or stick foreign bodies up their noses. It will be laid, but without manifestations of a cold.
3. Irritation of the mucous membrane causes dry air in the room, which leads to nasal congestion. This is especially true when the heating season begins.
4. A blocked airway may be due to the growth of polyps. These formations gradually grow and block the path for air. In this case, only surgical intervention will help to correct the situation.

Persistent runny nose and nasal congestion in a child

The cause of such symptoms, as a rule, becomes an inflammatory process that develops in the sinuses. A child’s nose does not breathe, a constant runny nose is a sign of one of the following diseases:

1. Acute viral rhinitis. It is characterized by copious watery secretions, strong irritation nasal mucosa, the skin around is rubbed from constant blowing. Over time, it gets wet, then crusts appear.
2. bacterial rhinitis. Bactria can join viruses or displace them. Mucous discharge turns yellow or greenish tint.
3. fungal process. Candidiasis can develop in the nasal cavity, which is characterized by white mucus, in which streaks of mycelium are visible. In some cases, erosions develop on the surface of the mucosa, then weeping areas form in these places.
4. Inflammation of the sinuses. This occurs with ethmoiditis, sinusitis, sinusitis, they are characterized by the purulent nature of the flow, weakening or loss of smell.
5. allergic rhinitis. Development takes place at artificial feeding, on hereditary reasons. Pathology is characterized frequent sneezing, itching, swelling of the nasal mucosa, redness.

No nose breathing at night

There have been cases when the deterioration occurs only during sleep. At night, the nose does not breathe, while there are no snot - this indicates the presence of the following pathologies:

• dry air in the room;
• chronic rhinitis;
• polyps;
• chronic sinusitis;
• foreign body in the nasal passage;
• inflammatory diseases;
• an allergic reaction to the composition of the fabric (bed linen);
• chronic allergic rhinitis.

stuffy nose and fever

In a child with the development of colds, in addition to a stuffy nose, sneezing, coughing and runny nose, there is also a noticeable increase in body temperature (from 38 to 40 degrees). These symptoms indicate the presence of:

• flu;
• SARS;
• common cold.

AT severe cases a bacterial infection joins, which aggravates the child's condition. If the tests confirmed its presence, then the course of therapy must necessarily include antibacterial drugs (antibiotics). The expediency of taking them should be determined by the attending physician, because this category of drugs has a serious effect on the children's body. It is strictly forbidden to self-administer antibiotics to children.

What to do if the nose is blocked

It is impossible to ignore breathing problems, especially if they are not repeated for the first time, and the baby should be shown to the doctor. When a child's nose is clogged, it becomes difficult for him to breathe, he becomes capricious, often cries. The doctor will determine the nature of the disease and will be able to prescribe adequate treatment, which will include:

• systemic drugs;
• medicines for local use;
• folk recipes;
• physiotherapy (warming up the sinuses, washing);
• surgical intervention (if necessary).

How to drip a child's nose with congestion

This group includes various sprays, drops and ointments that are used for a local effect. The action of medicines is aimed at eliminating swelling of the mucous membrane, inflammation, pain syndrome. This direction is used only to alleviate the condition and cannot completely cure the child. The positive effect lasts from 4 to 12 hours after application. The nose can be pumped to the baby by the following means:

1. Xylometazoline. This is a nasal spray with a concentration of 0.05% and 0.1%. The first version of the content of the active substance is indicated for children from 2 years of age and older; the spray cannot be used for more than 7 days.
2. Drops of Naphthyzin. Approved for children from 1 year old. Helps to eliminate puffiness, helps to facilitate breathing. The therapeutic effect decreases after 507 days of use due to addiction.
3. Otrivin Baby. Available in the form of drops, spray for babies. Concentrated product medicinal substance 0.05% is allowed for admission from 1 month to 6 years. The 0.1% remedy option is prescribed about 6 years older.
4. Sanorin. Available in the form of a spray, drops. It is prescribed for babies from 2 years old, after 3 days of use, several days of a break are needed to resume therapeutic effect.

Vasoconstrictor drops

This is a group of medicines that are used for emergency assistance. Their action is aimed at narrowing the capillaries in the nasal mucosa. This leads to a decrease in edema, restoration of airway patency. The main group of medicines is Alpha-2-anderone mimetics. They have the following effects:

• narrow precapillary sphincters, veins, arterioles;
• reduce blood flow to the venous sinuses;
• has a long-term effect.

The use of this group of funds may cause some side effects, for example, drying of the mucosa (causes burning), rebound runny nose (the amount of discharge, congestion increases). The longer you use the drug, the lower its therapeutic effect. It is forbidden to use this group of drugs can not be used when diabetes, hyperthyroidism, arterial hypertension, glaucoma. The doctor may prescribe the following options for funds:

1. Alpha-1-andrenomimetics. Phenylephrine, Mezaton narrow the arteries due to the effect on their smooth muscles. Prescribe medications for viral, allergic processes.
2. Efedin. This drug enhances the release of norepinephrine. They are rarely used because they can be addictive.
3. epinephrine. It is a beta-adrenometic, which is similar in action to adrenaline. Prohibited for use in chronic congestion.

Inhalations

This is one of the areas of therapy that is well suited for early stages diseases. In some cases, carrying out this procedure for 2-3 days helps to get rid of the problem completely. High efficiency inhalation was noted at viral infections, colds. Procedures can be used preventive measure. The action algorithm is as follows:

1. You need to take a plate and pour a glass of boiling water into it.
2. Next, add a few drops fir oil.
3. Put half tsp. soda.
4. For 10 minutes, the baby should inhale the vapors.
5. After the procedure, you need to blow your nose well.

Nasal lavage

For these purposes, use saline solution(dissolve salt in boiled water). For a glass of liquid, you need half a teaspoon (for adults, a full spoon). A syringe (without a needle) or a rubber bulb is well suited for washing with a saline solution. It is necessary to carry out the procedures 3 times a day, but the child may not tolerate such treatment (there is little pleasant in this). Such treatment is enough if the child’s nose is only stuffy from the symptoms, but there is no snot. The solution soothes irritation, moisturizes the mucous membrane and removes germs and viruses. You can use the pharmacy option - Aqualor.

Nose massage

The action of this physiotherapy is aimed at improving blood circulation in the area of ​​​​edema, alleviating the patient's condition. It is necessary to massage the wings of the nose and the area just above them. Attention is also paid to the area in the forehead area between the armor, next to the protrusion near the ear (tragus). You can perform massage only if there is no high temperature, violation of the integrity of the skin, pain. Efficiency acupressure high as a prevention of pathology, it is carried out 1-3 times every day.

Folk remedies

For the treatment of infants and toddlers, you need to use only proven means. They turn to homemade recipes when they are afraid to harm pharmaceutical drugs. Folk remedies from nasal congestion in children can also be dangerous, so consult a doctor before use. Popular options include the following recipes:

1. Honey. This component has an antiseptic effect. Honey in honeycombs is known for its special medicinal properties, because it contains more biologically active substances. For a therapeutic effect, you just need to chew a piece of the product. Make sure your baby is not allergic to honey.
2. A mixture of Kalanchoe juice and aloe. It is necessary to mix water and a solution of plant juice in a ratio of 1: 1. The mixture is instilled 3 times a day in the nose. Leaves at the base of the plant are best for extracting juice.
3. Onion juice. This component has a strong bactericidal effect. This is an excellent option for the treatment of infectious rhinitis.
4. Warming procedures will help with physiological rhinitis, if the sinuses begin to swell with otitis media, inflammation of the nasopharynx. Apply salt warmed in bags to the nose area.

Video

Runny nose and colds - frequent companions children throughout childhood. Parents are used to the fact that at the beginning of the illness, the child, as a rule, can cough, sneeze several times, and liquid transparent mucus is separated from his nose. But sometimes it happens that the child’s nose is stuffed up, but there is no snot.

This phenomenon should be taken seriously by mothers and fathers: it is important to identify the exact origin of the edema and the key point here will be the diagnosis at an internal appointment with an otolaryngologist. Further, it is necessary to start treatment in order to avoid complications in the future. Below we consider the most common causes of dry congestion and methods for their correction.

The most common cause not breathing nose in children under the age of 6 years is adenoiditis. If you open your mouth wide, you can see the tonsils very well. They are called tonsils. In addition to the lateral ones, there is another tonsil, the central one, that is, the pharyngeal one. It is her inflammation and called adenoiditis, or the more common word "adenoids".

The swollen pharyngeal tonsil partially overlaps the choanae (holes through which air from the nose enters the throat), as a result, the child does not breathe through the nose, and there is no snot, and visually, the reasons are not visible. A viral or bacterial infection, as well as an allergy, can lead to inflammation of the adenoids. You can see the problem only with the help of an endoscope, in the office of an otolaryngologist.

Adenoids are capable of growth. At the age of five or six, they reach their largest size, then begin to gradually decrease until the age of 16-18.

According to pediatrician statistics, the number of children with adenitis is increasing every year. But parents should not sound the alarm in advance, because inflammation can be avoided if simple prevention is carried out.

According to E.O. Komarovsky, the main role in preventing adenoiditis in a child is played by outdoor walks and adequate physical activity.

Viral and bacterial adenoiditis

Symptoms of viral adenoiditis: fever, red throat, nose does not breathe, no nasal mucus discharge. At this time it will be useful plentiful drink and rinsing the nose with saline or sea water, as well as moist, cool air in the room.

As a rule, on the 4-5th day from the onset of the disease, antiviral antibodies begin to be produced in the baby's body, which completely neutralize the infection on the 7-10th day, and the child recovers.

With a weakened immune system, bacterial microflora can also join the viral microflora. In this case, it is necessary to contact the local pediatrician, who will make a throat swab and send it for antibiotic sensitivity analysis, based on the results of which antibiotic therapy will be prescribed.

Allergic adenoiditis

A variety of allergen agents can provoke an allergic reaction: dust (especially dust mites, invisible to the eye), animal hair, mold spores (exist in any dwelling), food, dyes, chemical substances(washing powders, dishwashing detergents). To cure an allergy, it is important to understand what exactly it is caused by. For this purpose, a special test is carried out by an allergist.

Biologically responsible for the development of an allergic reaction active hormones(histamine, serotonin and a number of others).

Normally, these substances are located inside the so-called mast cells. But when allergens enter the body and combine with specific antibodies in the blood, the membranes of mast cells become thinner, pores open, and the cell, like a sieve, begins to let histamine, serotonin and other substances into the blood.

Histamine relaxes the capillary walls, which causes them to expand and edema occurs.

Eliminate allergy symptoms will help antihistamines: for oral administration - in the form of tablets, drops or syrup (depending on the age of the child).

In addition, there is a group of drugs used to prevent the development of allergies. These include the so-called mast cell membrane stabilizers.

The effect of these drugs develops gradually. If it is known at what time contact with the allergen will take place, then you should take a remedy from this group in advance. Stabilizers strengthen the shell mast cell, reduce pores in it. You can use such medicines only after consulting a pediatrician.

We list the active ingredients in the composition of stabilizer preparations:

• Ketotifen - for children over 3 years old in the form of syrup;
• Nedocromil - from 12 years old (release form - metered-dose aerosol).

Removal of adenoids

Opinions of ENT doctors on whether or not to remove pharyngeal tonsils the child is different. On the one hand, adenoids are given to man by nature not just like that, but for a specific purpose.

They produce immunoglobulins that fight microbes, prevent them from penetrating deep into the respiratory tract. Removing the adenoids can increase the risk of developing respiratory infections.

Exist mandatory testimony to operation:

• frequent ear diseases (otitis media occurs 3-4 times a year). The fact is that the adenoid tissue is located next to the auditory tube, which ventilates the ear. With inflammation, the adenoids increase in size and block the auditory tube, which can lead to otitis media and hearing loss;
• the child breathes only through the mouth, not through the nose, and often snores during sleep. This condition is dangerous and short-term respiratory arrest (apnea);
• with constant breathing through the mouth, the child may experience changes in the facial skeleton, in the bite, as the baby is forced to sleep, eat, breathe differently than other children. Pediatrician E.O. Komarovsky mentions that among ENT doctors there is even the term "adenoid face".

After the operation, it is better for the child to eat only soft, puree, cooled food for some time.

It must be taken into account that during the operation in early age(2-3 years) there is a possibility that the lymphoid tissue will grow again and the adenoids will appear again.

To prevent this, parents should ventilate the apartment, humidify the air in the nursery, reasonably harden the child, and regularly engage in physical education with him. For the prevention of adenoids, the best parameters of the microclimate in the room are: temperature 18-20 degrees, air humidity - not lower than 50%.

Non-breathing nose with sinusitis

Nasal congestion, without mucous discharge, can also appear in children with sluggish sinusitis - inflammation of the maxillary (maxillary) sinuses. These sinuses perform an important function in the body: air from the environment through the nose first enters them, where it warms up, is cleaned, and only then enters the lower respiratory tract.

Sinusitis, as a rule, does not occur in children under 3 years of age, since their maxillary sinuses have not yet fully formed and that same narrow channel has not yet been opened.

The maxillary sinuses are connected to the nasal cavity by a narrow canal. During a cold, mucus accumulates in them, and as it recovers, it gradually resolves. But if the child has not fully recovered, the mucus remains and stagnates and begins to thicken.

It seals the narrow channel and the sinus becomes a closed space, where there are all favorable conditions for the reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms.

This leads to an immune response, in the form of vasodilation in the area of ​​inflammation, and as a result, a narrowing of the nasal passage. Thus, a constant nasal congestion is formed without the presence of snot.

The following signs indicate the intensity of the development of the bacterial process:

• lack of nasal breathing (usually unilateral);
• pain in the upper jaw (the first sign purulent inflammation), aggravated by tilting the head forward;
• temperature rise;
• changes in the blood test.

For bacterial sinusitis, the doctor will prescribe the right antibiotic and its dosage. It is forbidden to choose drugs on your own, since it is not known which microorganism caused the inflammation.

It is categorically impossible to warm the nose, in this situation, since the inflammation will only intensify - the heated lymph will spread the microbes further throughout the body, which will lead to damage to the frontal sinuses or middle ear.

Congestion due to foreign body

While playing or indulging, a child may accidentally inhale a foreign object: a crumb, a button, a bead, or a part from a toy. In this case, only one nostril is blocked, there is no snot. After a few days, the baby begins to sneeze, tears flow from the eyes, and itching is felt in the nose, bleeding may begin.

To remove a foreign body from the nose, the child should try to gently blow his nose, holding a healthy nostril and tilting his head down. If a positive result missing, or the baby does not know how to blow his nose, you need to seek help from a doctor (in the office of the ENT, this procedure takes several minutes).

Parents should not try to pull out a foreign body on their own. In no case should you use various hooks or tweezers, as there is a danger of pushing the object even deeper and the child may suffocate.

Medicated rhinitis

Permanent nasal congestion without a runny nose may occur in children due to prolonged (more than 7 days) use of vasoconstrictor drops. The cells of the mucous membrane "get used" to the action of the drug and cease to independently regulate the width of the vessels.

The little patient begins to feel permanent congestion nose, which can be removed only by resorting again to vasoconstrictor drugs.

In this situation, only a doctor can most likely help. He will prescribe physiotherapy and anti-inflammatory drugs and corticosteroids to relieve swelling.

Get rid of this drug-induced rhinitis not easy, so it is better not to allow it to appear and not to use drops for longer than 3-5 days. After all, this is not a medicine, but a drug to eliminate a symptom in case of emergency, for example, if the nose is stuffed up at night and the child cannot sleep.

Other causes of nasal congestion

The concern on the part of parents regarding the improper functioning of the respiratory organs in children is understandable. Any violations in them provoke the onset of the disease or speak of possibly occurring pathological changes. The problem is compounded by the impossibility of a full survey small child and late diagnosis. We have to look for reasons based on external manifestations, and determine congestion by observing the behavior of the baby.

Why is my nose not breathing?

The difficulty of breathing through the nose is due to its congestion, which comes from three main reasons:

1. Snot or other obstruction in the nose.
2. Anatomical developmental defects in the nasal cavity.
3. Pathological changes in the mucous membranes of the nose.

The discomfort that nasal congestion creates is not the worst thing that can happen. The air that bypasses the nasal passages, without being warmed, not cleaned, not disinfected, enters the respiratory tract through the mouth. Cold, dirty, saturated with microorganisms, it penetrates the nasopharynx and further along the respiratory tract. Hence frequent colds and infectious diseases.

To understand why the child cannot breathe normally through the nose, and most importantly to cope with this painful condition need to consider the situation in more detail. With newborns, everything is clear, a physiological runny nose is a common thing for them, but how are things with older children?

No snot

Rhinitis without snot is the most difficult condition for parents infants. Not clear sign clogged nose - nasal mucus, so it has to be determined by secondary signs.

1. Adenoids.
   • Hypertrophic tonsils prevent the entry of air flow through the nasopharynx. Adults compensate for the lack of oxygen by increasing the depth and frequency of breathing, with children it is more difficult. Sometimes he simply does not have enough strength or endurance, so oxygen starvation occurs over time. The child gets tired faster, gets sick more often, lags behind peers in physical development. His face takes on characteristic features.
2. Deviated septum.
   • There are three types of curvature: physiological, traumatic and compensatory.
     • The first is innate, genetic;
     • the second is a consequence of a fracture or dislocation;
     • the third is the result of a mechanical or pathological effect (polyps, tumors, a foreign body).
   • Usually, the physiological curvature does not interfere with breathing, because. against the background of it, the child develops in the womb. Fractures and dislocations are visible and easily cured by reduction. With compensatory disorders, everything is more complicated.
3. Polyps in the nose.
   • Changes in the polyposis character are more pronounced in children of older school age. More often, against the background of the transition acute cold in the phase of hypertrophic chronic rhinitis.
4. Foreign body in the nose.
   • Putting little things up your nose is a habit of children. younger age. The situation is dangerous because it develops instantly, and further movement of the object through the respiratory tract is fraught with a complete blockage of air.
5. Malignant or benign neoplasms.
   • In childhood, they are quite rare. Usually the cause is genetic.
6. Congenital anomalies.
   1. Such manifestations include the narrowness of the nasal canal or abnormal growth of tissues (vessels). Here, experts add systemic puffiness.

with snot

Familiar runny nose with running watery snot or thick stagnant mucus of various shades. It is much more likely to block the breath through the nose in children.

1. Colds .
   • One of the main symptoms of cold-type diseases is nasal congestion. The reason is the edema narrowing the nasal canals and snot almost completely blocking them.
2. Rhinitis.
   • One of the stages in the development of any rhinitis is mucous discharge from the nose.
     • For the acute form, this is the second stage, characterized by swelling of the mucous membrane and abundant snot. Drying secretions can form crusts. Breathing is difficult.
     • With vasomotor and hypertrophic rhinitis, the nose stops breathing due to an increase in the volume of mucous tissue. Snot plays a supporting role.

Nasal congestion symptoms in babies

If we exclude the physiological runny nose of newborns, which occurs against the background of the baby's adaptation to a new environment, nasal congestion must be fought. But how to recognize it if the child is not snotty? Knowing the signs of respiratory failure in infants will help:

• the baby is naughty during feeding, refuses the breast;
• sniffs, spits out a pacifier;
• tossing and turning, sleeping badly;
• does not show hunger, behaves restlessly;
• temperature (at acute form diseases);
• crying in an altered voice;
• "grunts" in a dream.

What to look for when diagnosing?

Ignoring the appearance of a runny nose in infants leads to malfunctions of other organs. But also wrong treatment or permanent influence favorable factors, leads to the same result.

1. Climatic conditions in the room.
   • Too hot or vice versa cold, humid or dry air affects the development of respiratory diseases. When diagnosing the causes, it is necessary to pay attention to the conditions of the child. Especially the rooms where he spends the most time.
2. The appearance of milk teeth.
   • In infancy, the first milk teeth begin to appear in 5-6 month old babies. These changes can create swelling of the mucosa, increased salivation, poor sleep and appetite.
3. Allergy.
   • Household chemicals, air fresheners, perfumes and cosmetics of parents can provoke an allergic reaction of the baby.
4. Viruses and bacteria.
   • Other symptoms can be added to this factor in the appearance of congestion: fever, rhinitis, cough.

What to do when there is no breath due to swelling or snot?

The swollen nasal mucosa prevents the free passage of air into the lungs, under-oxygenating the blood. If hypoxia (oxygen starvation) is strong or prolonged, then irreversible changes in the organs and tissues of the baby are possible. Most sensitive: brain, heart, liver.

If you do not treat nasal edema, then the first signs of serious failures will be:

• poor sleep, snoring, frequent awakenings;
• bouts of malaise, headache;
• diseases of the hearing organs and respiratory tract (rhinopharyngitis, rhinosinusitis);
• loss of smell (complete or partial);
• malfunctions of the vegetative-vascular system;
• changes pathological brain tissues.

Surgery

Among other ways to restore normal breathing, surgery is the most radical. It is indicated when conservative methods do not give the desired effect. The operation is performed after a comprehensive diagnosis and consultation with a pediatrician and ENT.

With the help of surgery, polyps, adenoids are removed, foreign bodies and neoplasms are removed. The surgeon corrects a deformed septum and other anatomical anomalies of the nose. The operation is carried out in stationary conditions subdivided into:

1. Reposition of the bones of the nose - reduction, straightening after a recent fracture.
2. Setoplasty ( submucosal resection nasal septum) surgical recovery, disturbed by a curved bridge of the nose, breathing.
3. Adenotomy (removal of adenoids in the nose):
   • manual;
   • endoscopic;
   • laser
   • radio wave.
4. Vasotomy - dissection of the vascular tissue between the mucosa and periosteum:
   • instrumental;
   • laser;
   • cryodestruction;
   • vacuum resection.
5. Conchotomy - removal of nasal vascular tissue.
   • endoscopic;
   • laser;
   • radio frequency;
   • shaver.
6. Polypotomy - removal of a polyp in the nose. And other surgeries.

Instrumental physiotherapy

Comprehensive treatment of nasal congestion in children, includes physiotherapy procedures used by traditional medicine, including physiotherapy procedures.

• Electrophoresis.
  • Darsonval
• Phonophoresis.
• Magnetotherapy.
• UV treatment,
• SVM therapy.
• Yamik procedure.

Physiotherapy procedures

With frequent nasal congestion in children, experts advise supplementing treatment with drugs with medical procedures. For babies, and babies up to a year, nasal lavage is one of the main means of treatment.

1. Salt washes.
   • Therapeutic agent - ready-made saline solutions:
   • The medicine can also be prepared at home from sea or table salt(1/4 part of a teaspoon per glass of boiled warm water).
   • The washing procedure is performed 3-4 times a day, depending on the disease. With a pipette or a disposable syringe, a part of the prepared solution is drawn up and injected into one of the nasal canals.
   • For infants, 2-4 drops of the solution are enough, for children from 3 to 7 years old, up to 1 ml of the substance.
   • Salt washes counteract the development of edema, inhibit pathogenic microorganisms, dry snot .
2. Inhalations.
   • A therapeutic procedure that effectively relieves nasal congestion and treats the respiratory system. Inhalation raw materials based on essential oils can be bought ready-made (for example, Rotokan). Home remedies are less effective, but safer for children.
3. exercise therapy.
   • For preschoolers and older children, exercise therapy is shown based on breathing exercises.

Nebulizer

The nebulizer for inhalation for babies has proven its effectiveness. This apparatus is fundamentally different in the nature of the effect of the therapeutic substance on the affected areas.

If in conventional inhalers the baby does not inhale the therapeutic substance as it should, then the nebulizer sprays the solution, covering the mucosal areas with an even layer. There are other points as well.

A steam inhaler similar in effect to a nebulizer is prohibited. Heat the steam threatens to burn the delicate mucous membranes of the baby's nose. negative effect can far outweigh the benefit. The nebulizer sprays the solution at a temperature of no more than 40 0 ​​C - it is completely safe for the baby.

Before performing the procedure, the child must be prepared: moisten the inner surfaces of the nose with a cotton turunda. You can use a saline solution. If mucus has accumulated in the nasal passages, it is sucked off with a rubber pear with a soft tip, or an aspirator.

How to treat shortness of breath?

Experts advise, before starting medical procedures that help eliminate nasal congestion, to pre-diagnose by taking a cytological smear from the walls of the mucosa of the organ. If an increased number of eosinophils is observed, then you need to look for a substance that provokes the appearance of an allergy in a child. An increase in the number of neutrophils directly indicates the development of inflammatory processes. For the treatment of viral diseases and colds, both vasodilator drugs that are used in traditional medicine, as well as procedures and folk remedies are used.

Preparations

Depending on the reasons for which the nose does not breathe, the child is prescribed medications. Prolonged rhinitis is treated with the following medicines:

• Nazol Kids.
• Nazol Baby.

When buying medicine for a child in a pharmacy, you must carefully study the instructions that the manufacturer puts in.