Strong hormonal pills of the name. Types of hormonal drugs. Mini-pill: special hormonal contraceptives

Sex hormones for women in their body play a very important role. But in recent times hormonal disorders have become quite common, which can be associated with poor ecology, constant stress and other negative factors. To bring the content of these elements back to normal, special preparations have been developed - female hormones in tablets. They not only help a woman to be healthy and beautiful, but also protect her from unwanted pregnancy.

Major sex hormones

Most important hormones in women, it is progesterone and estrogen. The ovaries produce estrogen, which affects the health and puberty of the fair sex. In addition, this hormone affects the formation of the figure and the softness of the lady's character. If the body suffers from a lack of estrogen, then it begins to age quickly, but too much of it can lead to various disorders and diseases, such as overweight or worse, benign tumors. Progesterone is also important for women's health, because the distribution of adipose tissue, the formation of the mammary glands, genital organs, and the development of the fetus depend on it. This hormone is produced by the corpus luteum of the ovaries and the placenta.

Application hormonal drugs

To eliminate hormonal disruptions in the body of a girl, they are used in tablets. This is necessary, as an unstable one can provoke serious consequences, such as sharp drops blood pressure, menstrual irregularities, chronic fatigue, disorders digestive system, headache. All this will certainly affect the appearance: the appearance of acne, acne, hair becomes oily, the skin begins to peel off. They are also often used as contraceptives, which helps to avoid unwanted pregnancy. It is thanks to this that female hormones in tablets are widely used.

Types of hormonal drugs

Hormonal drugs produced in the form of tablets can be divided into two types:

It should be noted that it is necessary to take drugs of this kind only if they are prescribed by an endocrinologist or gynecologist. After all, the wrong intake of hormonal drugs can cause serious harm woman's body.

It is difficult to say how barbaric modern methods of contraception will be considered by our descendants, because the most progressive and safe contraceptives of two hundred years ago look today as an instrument of torture. It is known, for example, that in the Middle Ages, women put iron caps on the cervix, lubricated it with a solution of mercury and lead, and inserted pessaries made of steel wire into it and caused infection and bedsores. reproductive organs. At different times and different countries contraceptives were repeatedly banned by the authorities, then by the church, so devices such as a vaginal syringe or vaginal douche, which were used to cleanse the internal female organs, periodically appeared on the market.

Current contraceptives promote the principle of safety and guaranteed protection against unwanted pregnancy. Justified and approved official medicine contraceptives of three types: physiological, barrier and medication.

• Barrier. Prevent sperm from entering the uterus. The most famous barrier contraceptive is the condom (both male and female). Other barrier contraceptives - intrauterine devices, contraceptive sponges, cervical caps, and spermicides.
• Physiological. Involved in sexual intercourse certain days female cycle when the risk of getting pregnant is minimal. Another method of physiological control is the method of PPA (coitus interruptus).
• Medical. Presented by pills, as well as vaginal rings and spirals that release hormones that block the onset of ovulation.

When prescribing a certain method of contraception to a woman, gynecologists often give her the opportunity to choose independently. suitable remedy from a number of similar ones. But how to do this if the same drug has dozens of analogues that are identical in composition and mode of action? The rating of the best contraceptives takes into account the opinion of other women, the cost of drugs, the correspondence between the expected effect and the real one, as well as the presence of additional benefits and side effects.

Please note that the information below is not a buying guide. Consultation needed with a specialist!

There are contraindications. Check with your doctor.

The best birth control pills

It has long been proven that a prolonged absence of pregnancy can disrupt a woman's health, provoking hormonal failure, as well as mental and organ diseases associated with it. The Frenchman Verne Bullo, a historian by profession, spoke about this back in the 19th century: “If a woman is not regularly pregnant, she will suffer from hysteria and from a whole category somatic symptoms, stimulating almost any kind physical illness or mental state". At the same time, unwanted pregnancy and abortion can cause no less harm to a woman than a prolonged absence of pregnancy.

Hormonal contraceptives are chosen by millions of women around the world as the preferred method of contraception. They do not affect the sensations during intercourse and are guaranteed to protect against unwanted pregnancy and the consequences of its absence. The action of hormonal contraceptives is based on the prevention of ovulation. Scientists have calculated that at the time of birth, the girl's ovaries contain about 1 million follicles that can become eggs, and by the age of 37 there are only 25,000 of them. Hormonal drugs do not allow the body to ovulate, so the woman's ovarian reserve remains full. Meanwhile, hormonal pills have not only advantages, but also an impressive list of side effects, often life-threatening.

3 Lactinet

The best contraceptive for adult women
Country: Hungary
Average price: 675 rubles.
Rating (2018): 4.6

Unlike Jess and Marvelon, Lactinet contains the only active ingredient - desogestrel. Belongs to the category of mini-pills (drugs containing a minimum amount of hormones). Lactinet mini-pills are often prescribed for lactating women with an active menstrual cycle, as well as for those women who are contraindicated in combined OK. Lactinet is one of the few oral contraceptives prescribed smoking women and women over 45 years of age.

Another feature of the Hungarian OK is that its protective effect against unwanted pregnancy is somewhat lower than that of modern COCs. For this reason, the drug is not recommended for use by women in active reproductive age (up to 30 years). Otherwise, it is a fairly effective contraceptive that has less than modern pills, a list of contraindications and side effects.

Advantages:

• allowed during lactation;
• does not affect weight gain;
• suitable for those who are intolerant to synthetic estrogens.

Flaws:

• provokes the occurrence of mastopathy;
• violates menstrual cycle at the time of admission;
• causes depression;
• causes nausea at the beginning of the course.

2 Marvelon

The cheapest tool
Country: Netherlands
Average price: 1,425 rubles.
Rating (2018): 4.8

Combined contraceptive drug from the Dutch company Organon. Approved for use by women over 35 years of age, as it contains a reduced amount of active ingredients. In addition to the contraceptive effect, it normalizes the volume of secretions and eliminates pain during menstruation. It can be used as a means of emergency contraception, but not more than 1 time in 6 months. The effectiveness of Marvelon as a postcoital agent does not exceed 80%.

According to women taking Marvelon, the drug has Negative influence on the ability to get pregnant in the case of its long-term use, therefore, it is recommended to drink these pills in courses. Considering increased risk the occurrence of thrombosis, before taking the drug, it is recommended to be examined by a hematologist, hepatologist and vascular surgeon.

Advantages:

• is inexpensive;
• normalizes the cycle;
• increases libido.

Flaws:

• causes acne;
• thickens the blood;
• increases appetite.

1 Jess

Best birth control pills
Country: Germany
Average price: 922 rubles.
Rating (2018): 4.9

Jess is a combined oral contraceptive from the German pharmaceutical company Bayer. The active ingredients are drospirenone and ethinylestradiol. Used to protect against unwanted pregnancy severe forms PMS and also for acne treatment. Contraceptive effect pills is based on blocking ovulation and changing the quality of cervical mucus, which becomes too thick for sperm to move.

Unlike other COCs with the same active ingredient, the Jess formula has been improved: it uses the latest (4th) generation drospironene, and each tablet contains 1.5 times less ethinylestradiol than other COCs. For this reason, Jess is less likely than other drugs to cause swelling, mastopathy and weight gain.

Advantages:

• eliminates menstrual pain;
• improves skin condition.

Flaws:

• the cycle is restored for a long time after the completion of the Jess course;
• addictive;
• reduces libido;
• causes migraines.

The best birth control candles

Contraceptive suppositories belong to the category of spermicidal contraceptives. Operating principle chemical spermicides consists in the destruction of the membrane of spermatozoa: interacting with spermatozoa, the components of the drug destroy their membrane, separate the head from the tail, depriving them of the ability to move. Especially strong spermatozoa, however, are still able to get to the egg and fertilize it. This can be fraught with the birth of a child with certain physical deformities. Such a relationship has not been proven, but many women testify to this. It is not recommended to use such contraceptives regularly, because the acids contained in the candles can have a negative effect on the condition of the mucous membrane in the vagina, as well as on the cervix. Candles are not distinguished by the highest contraceptive ability. According to statistics, 15 out of 100 women who use birth control candles become pregnant within a year.

Thus, contraceptive suppositories are convenient option protection for women who have infrequent sex. Candles are ideal as an additional contraceptive - when the pill regimen has been violated or during the completion of lactation. The undoubted advantages of this method of contraception are the absence of a systemic effect on the body and the safety of intimate sensations.

3 Gynecotex

The best cost contraceptive candles
Country Russia
Average price: 140 rubles
Rating (2018): 4.7

Gynecotex suppositories use the same active ingredient as Pharmatex suppositories - benzalkonium chloride, so these products are similar. Fundamental difference Gynekotex from Pharmatex - in cost: Russian candles are about 3 times cheaper than German ones. Some women note that these suppositories dissolve somewhat worse in the vagina and give more foam.

Advantages:

• are inexpensive;
• do not cause burning;
• protect against infections.

Flaws:

• dissolve for a long time.

2 Patentex Oval

Most popular remedy
Country: Germany
Average price: 370 rubles.
Rating (2018): 4.5

The main active ingredient in Pantex Oval is nonoxynol. Included in many contraceptives as a lubricant: thanks to its spermicidal properties, it enhances the contraceptive effect of cervical caps, condoms, sponges and vaginal films. When interacting with a sperm cell, it damages its membrane, thereby depriving it of the ability to dissolve the egg cell membrane. The time required for the destruction of the spermatozoon is 40 seconds (10 times more than that of Pharmatex). The drug does not have bactericidal and antiviral properties, therefore it cannot be used as protection against STIs. There are studies proving that nonoxynol contributes to human morbidity with certain types of human papillomavirus.

Advantages:

• effective;
• quickly dissolve;
• have a stimulating effect.

Flaws:

• have an unpleasant odor;
• cause itching;
• foam excessively.

1 Pharmatex

The best birth control candles
Country: France
Average price: 349 rubles.
Rating (2018): 4.8

The main component of the drug is benzalkonium chloride. This drug has been used in medicine since 1935. It has not only a contraceptive effect, but also an antiviral (protects against infection with viruses herpes simplex), antifungal and antiprotozoal. The substance has an instant effect on the sperm: its shell is completely destroyed within 10 seconds after contact with benzalkonium chloride. The rest of the drugs in this group require at least 30 seconds. Due to irritation of the mucous membrane of the vagina and cervix, the drug is able to increase the amount of secreted mucus, which has an additional contraceptive effect.

Advantages:

• have a pleasant smell;
• dissolve in 5 minutes;
• protect against infections.

Flaws:

• cause irritation;
• poorly open;
• provoke too a large number of mucus.

The best intrauterine contraceptive coils

The intrauterine device is a contraceptive that has been well known since the Ancient China. In the past, coils were made from aluminum wire and wood, but today they are made from hypoallergenic plastic impregnated with anti-inflammatory compounds. According to its action, the spiral refers to barrier, abortive and spermicidal agents at the same time.

• Decreased fertility. The presence of an inflammatory process in the uterus contributes to the production of proteins that inhibit the maturation of the egg. As a result, ovulation is inhibited and fertilization does not occur.
• abortive effect. Located inside the uterus, the spiral negatively affects the endometrium, inhibiting its growth and ability to accept a fertilized egg. In fact, the spiral provokes a miscarriage on early dates pregnancy.
• spermicidal effect. In response to the located spiral, superficial inflammation occurs inside the uterus. As a result of inflammation, the alkaline environment in the uterus is replaced by an acidic environment that is detrimental to spermatozoa and contributes to their destruction. To increase the acidity of the intrauterine space, copper is additionally used in the spirals, which stimulates the release of an acid secret.
• Barrier contraceptive effect. The inflammatory process causes irritation cervical canal, which in turn produces increased amount thick cervical mucus that prevents sperm from entering the uterus.

Intrauterine devices (IUDs) - reliable and effective method preventing unwanted pregnancy, which, however, is associated with the creation of a focus of chronic infection in the body.

3 Spiral Nova T

The most accessible hormonal spiral
Country: Germany (made in Finland)
Average price: 800 rubles.
Rating (2018): 4.6

Nova T is a non-hormonal coil shaped like the letter T. Its base is made of hypoallergenic plastic, which is wrapped with copper wire. In order to enhance the radiopacity, barium sulfate is added to the plastic - it allows you to determine the position of the spiral during x-ray examination if required.

Advantages:

• not felt by partners during sex;
• has an affordable price.

Flaws:

• provokes copious discharge during menstruation;
• reinforces pain during menstruation;
• reduces sex drive.

2 Mirena

The best hormonal spiral
Country: Finland
Average price: 11500 rubles.
Rating (2018): 4.7

Mirena belongs to the category of hormone-containing spirals, therefore, the principle of its action is similar to that of hormonal pills. The fundamental difference is only in the way hormones are delivered to the body. True, according to some women, the hormonal spiral, unlike OK, does not cause increased appetite, does not provoke swelling and does not cause irritation of the digestive system. Like Multiload, Mirena is installed for 5 years.

Advantages:

• normalizes the hormonal background;
• inexpensive hormonal contraceptive;
• reliably protects against pregnancy.

Flaws:

• requires large one-time costs;
• causes back pain
• contraindicated in the presence of benign tumors.

1 Multiload

The best intrauterine device
Country: Ireland
Average price: 2800 rubles.
Rating (2018): 4.8

Multiload is a spiral made of plastic and copper. It looks like a rounded T with uneven surfaces that prevent the spiral from slipping out of the uterus. Aseptic inflammation in the uterus is provoked by a copper wire wrapped around a plastic carrier. Interacting with alkaline environment, copper wire releases about 30 micrograms of copper oxide daily. The contraceptive effect of Multiload lasts for 5 years.

Advantages:

• reliably protects against pregnancy;
• economical;
• does not fall out.

Flaws:

• provokes inflammation;
• increases the duration of menstruation;
• causes discomfort after installation.

The best barrier contraceptives

Barrier contraception is the oldest, cheapest, most versatile and common method of contraception. A typical representative of this category is the condom. Less known are contraceptive sponges and rings, cervical caps, vaginal films and diaphragms, as well as chemical barrier agents (candles, aerosols, gels). There are practically no contraindications to the use of these drugs, so they are ideal for those who have intolerance to OK or IUDs. Some of the barrier contraceptives are able to prevent premature ejaculation in men, protect against STIs and allergic reactions on ejaculate in women. Main disadvantage barrier means is that they act only at the time of their use. Our rating includes the best barrier contraceptives - the Nuvaring ring and Pharmatex sponges.

2 Contraceptive sponges Pharmatex

The best spermicide
Country: France
Average price: 65 rubles.
Rating (2018): 4.7

Contraceptive sponges as barrier method used by women for many centuries: in ancient times they were sea sponges soaked in oils, and today they are polyurethane foam soaked in chemical spermicidal compounds. Pharmatex sponges use benzalkonium chloride as a spermicide. Unlike contraceptive suppositories, the sponge has not only a spermicidal effect, but also a mechanical one - it physically prevents the penetration of spermatozoa into the cervix. After installing the sponge, the partners can immediately begin the PA, and in the case of repeated sexual intercourse, they do not need to insert a new sponge into the vagina, as it retains its effect during the day.

Advantages:

• does not flow;
• convenient to enter;
• long-term;
• has a pleasant smell.

Flaws:

• inconveniently removed;
• hard to find in pharmacies.

1 Contraceptive ring Novaring

The best hormonal contraceptive
Country: Netherlands
Average price: 1050 rubles.
Rating (2018): 4.8

Nuvaring is one of the methods hormonal contraception, which uses, however, a fundamentally different method of administering hormones - vaginal. Due to this, the hormone does not pass through the liver and organs of the gastrointestinal tract, therefore it does not affect them. negative impact. The ring releases the minimum required amount of the hormone throughout the day, which eliminates hormonal surges during the day (as is the case with oral contraceptives) and creates an even hormonal background. Another advantage of the tool is the confidentiality of its use: the ring is easy to install on your own, it is not felt during intercourse and does not require removal after. Duration of action - 3 weeks. After 21 days, the ring is removed, and after 7 days it is installed again.

Advantages:

• set once a month;
• does not cause nausea;
• has less pronounced side effects compared to OK.

Flaws:

• sometimes falls out when straining;
• causes headache;
• provokes the development of vaginitis;
• allergic;
• enhances appetite.

Contraceptive drugs. The overall popularity of these tools is influenced by ease of use, reliability and minimum side effects on the body.

In today's world, there is a huge choice of contraceptive protection and it is very difficult for most women to choose the best contraceptive pills.

Before purchasing these funds, you should carefully read all the proposed options and learn more about their features and benefits.

There are several varieties of combined oral contraceptives that can provide different protection against unwanted pregnancy. This, and drugs.

The table below describes some types of contraceptives.

Monophasic drugs

Every year there are new and improved drugs, but many women prefer to take contraceptives. previous generations.

Monophasic contraceptive pills differ from other types of drugs in the presence of two important hormones: progestogen and estrogen.

They are present in tablets in equal amounts and allow you to achieve almost complete control over menstruation and the process of ovulation.

These pills are shown to women of different reproductive age who are in great need of quality protection against unexpected pregnancy. Monophasic products are suitable for most women.

• If we consider low-dose products, then they are suitable for nulliparous and more women senior age category, for example, after 35 years.
• Medium-dose experts advise for women who have already given birth, and for those who are in an older reproductive age.
• And high-dose drugs can be prescribed when medium-dose ones are ineffective.

There is three type of female phenotype.

Monophasic pills are more often prescribed for women of small and medium height with a curvaceous figure and a long menstrual cycle.

Also, in the presence of an antiandrogenic component, they can be recommended for tall women, lean physique with meager periods.

Jess

Effective hormonal tablets with antiandrogenic and antimeneralocorticoid properties. It contains drospirenone and ethinylestradiol. It acts by suppressing ovulation and changing the cervical serota. At correct use The Pearl Index, which means the number of pregnancies per year per 100 women, may be less than 1.

Affects regular periods, which become less painful and intense. Disappear severe symptoms PMS, such as headaches, swelling and pain in the mammary glands, and characteristic soreness in the joints and muscles. It also reduces the risk of various tumors and anemia.

Yarina

It is a combined universal estrogen-progestin contraceptive drug. Its effect is carried out by increasing the viscosity of mucus in the pelvic organs and suppressing ovulation.

Yarina is especially useful for women with acne and noticeable fluid retention due to hormonal causes.

Renders positive impact for the passage of menstruation. It can also affect the elimination of painful symptoms during menstruation. Reduces oily hair and skin.

Regulon

This is a combined remedy, which in its composition has an estrogen component (ethinyl estradiol) and a progestogen (desogestrel). It acts by inhibiting the ability to produce gonadotropins of the pituitary gland and makes it difficult to ovulate. At the same time, the density of church mucus decreases and spermatozoa cannot penetrate into the uterus. At the same time, it has a positive effect on lipid metabolism. Works well on the skin and helps to get rid of acne. It also normalizes the menstrual cycle and prevents the development gynecological diseases

Janine

It is an estrogen-progestin agent with an antiandrogenic effect. The composition contains hormones: dienogest and ethinylestradiol. This effective remedy produces inhibition of ovulation. In this case, the cycle becomes constant and regular, and the intensity of bleeding also decreases. It also reduces the risk of iron deficiency anemia. Among other things, Jeanine improves performance lipid profile blood.

Lindinet

These are tablets that have an estrogen-progestin effect. Suppresses pituitary secretion of certain hormones. It does not have a noticeable effect on carbohydrate and lipid metabolic processes in the body. Prevents the maturation of a fertile egg. Increases the level of viscosity of the substance in the cervix. It has a healing effect, preventing the development of many gynecological diseases.

Chloe

Combined low-dose contraceptive with antiandrogenic activity. Affects the decrease in the activity of the sebaceous glands and contributes to the disappearance of acne. Effectively inhibits ovulation and prevents the maturation of the egg. Affects the normalization of menstruation and reduces the intensity of bleeding. This drug is not recommended for normal level androgens.

In two-phase medicines the dose of the contained estrogen has the same value in all tablets, and the dosage of the progestogen varies for the 1st and 2nd half of the menstrual cycle. The package contains 2 types of tablets.

Biphasic remedies, in addition to the main application, help to cure acne.

Suitable for women of average height normal skin and hair that has a normal menstrual cycle.

It contains hormones such as levonorgestrel and ethinylestradiol. It has a slowing effect on ovulation and the maturation of follicles. They will be used not only as contraception, but also to restore the menstrual cycle and to eliminate painful symptoms.

It is an effective contraceptive combination drug. It contains ethinylestradiol and levonorgestrel. Blocks the release of certain substances of the hypothalamus and suppresses the secretion of the pituitary gland, thereby inhibiting ovulation. Prevents the occurrence of many gynecological diseases.

It is a low-dose oral contraceptive drug. Also contains levonorgestrel and ethinylestradiol. At the level of hypothalamic-pituitary regulation, it suppresses ovulation. Changes the properties of the cervical secret. It affects the change in the substance of the endometrium, which makes it almost impossible for the implantation of the egg after fertilization. Reduces the risk of iron deficiency anemia and reduces bleeding during menstruation.

It is a contraceptive that regulates the passage of menstruation and contributes to the timely prevention of dangerous gynecological diseases. For example, various tumors. It contains such hormonal substances as levonorgestrel and ethinylestradiol. When properly taken orally, it depresses the pituitary secretion of hormones, which inhibits the release of an egg ready for maturation.

Triphasic contraceptives

Experts say:

• That young girls are best suited for monophasic pills that do not cause noticeable changes in the hormonal system.
• And women after 30 years of age and giving birth are recommended drugs "not contrary to nature", that is, two- and three-phase contraceptives.

Before choosing a particular tool, you need to consult a specialist.

Three-phase preparations can simulate the menstrual cycle, since they contain hormones in numbers as close as possible to physiological characteristics. These tablets contain two types of hormones, but there are three types of tablets in the package.

Tablets are used first certain color and then drink successively the remaining two colors.

Modern high-quality tablets have a general regulatory effect on female body and do not make changes in the endocrine structure.

Substances in triphasic tablets affect activity corpus luteum ovaries and significantly reduce the thickness and activity of the endometrium, which prevents implantation.

Important advantages of these drugs include their ability to reduce the risk of cysts, ectopic pregnancies and various tumors.

This drug contains hormones in different proportions. These are the progestin hormones levonorgestrel and ethinylestradiol. Triziston normalizes the menstrual cycle and relieves pain during menstruation.

This is an effective three-phase contraceptive that mimics the physiological fluctuations in the level of certain hormones in the blood during the menstrual cycle and contributes to the remarkable tolerability of the drug. This remedy increases the viscosity of mucus in the cervix and inhibits the secretion of gonadotropic hormones by the pituitary gland, which affects the inhibition of ovulation.

Provides high contraceptive effectiveness, due to the ingestion of progestin with estrogen, released in different phases cycle and in such a ratio to the corresponding physiological processes. Not only prevents pregnancy, but also regulates the menstrual cycle.

mini pili

These high-quality drugs contain only one progestogen. Their action is based on local action on the peripheral areas reproductive system. They affect the amount and structure of the cervical mucous substance, and also make changes in the biochemical processes of the endometrium. These drugs are less effective combined analogues, but can be successfully used in the presence of some contraindications.

• The undoubted advantage of this drug is that it can be taken by women who are not recommended combined means. For example, with diabetes, high blood pressure, migraines.
• And also shown to women after 35 years, especially those who smoke.
• May be effective in women who are breastfeeding.
• This drug is recommended for women after 40 years.

The advantage of these contraceptives is the presence of a smaller amount side effects than when taking combined drugs.

It is a synthetic progestogen. It prevents the introduction of a fertilized egg into the uterus, due to a change in the composition of cervical mucus and the transformation of endometrial secretion. Contains linestrenol. Exluton is recommended for nursing mothers. At long-term use it prevents inflammatory processes in the pelvic organs and reduces the risk of fibrocystic mastopathy.

It is a contraceptive product that contains only progestogen (desogestrel). The effect of preventing pregnancy is achieved by inhibiting ovulation, which is provided by thickening the cervical mucus. Taking this medication leads to a significant decrease in the values ​​​​of the amount of estradiol to those characteristic of the early follicular phase.

In its composition contains a hormonal substance - norgestrel. This is a progestogen drug that has a contraceptive effect. Affects a decrease in contractility and muscle activity fallopian tubes and uterus. Affects the secretion of hypothalamic factors and blocks the formation of gonadotropic hormones. It has an efficiency of about 97%.

There are simply no ideal recommendations on the best birth control pills to choose. In any case, it will not be superfluous to consult a doctor who will prescribe the most best option. It is important to remember a simple rule that if there is no period for 3 months after taking contraceptives, then most likely this drug is right for you. It should also be borne in mind that any drug should not be taken for a long time.

Hormonal pills are a group of medicines containing hormones or their synthetic analogues. They are used for hormone therapy.

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Principles of classification

In medicine, hormonal drugs are classified as follows:

• preparations of natural hormones (made from the glands of livestock, blood and urine of animals, humans);
• synthetic medicines;
• derivatives of hormonal substances.

Synthetic analogues differ in their structure from natural hormones, but have a similar physiological effect. AT human body hormones are produced to control vital functions.

Each gland produces certain substances:

• the pituitary gland produces gonadotropin, oxytocin;
• pancreas - insulin;
• adrenal glands - glucocorticosteroids (strong anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, analgesic substances), sex hormones, anabolics.

There is a misconception about the harmfulness of hormonal drugs. Doctors say that the drugs of this pharmacological group are an important and necessary addition complex therapy. Often, medications provide a decent quality of life for severe patients (with chronic pathologies). In some cases, hormonal pills can save the patient's life.

Hormones are prescribed in the following cases:

• contraception;
• replacement therapy for menopause;
• fight against testosterone deficiency;
• treatment of inflammation, allergies;
• the fight against hormonal deficiency in hypothyroidism, type 1 diabetes mellitus, Addison's disease;
• oncology therapy.



oral contraception

This type of therapy is considered the most common way to use hormonal pills. Scientists have proven that high doses of sex hormones inhibit the process of ovulation. This releases toxins. Then scientists synthesized hormones (substances with high efficiency and excellent tolerance). The resulting product is a reliable protection against pregnancy without harming the figure. Overweight do not disturb, there is no shock concentration of the substance.

The effectiveness of all contraceptives is evaluated by the Pearl index (determines the likelihood of pregnancy within a year with regular use of medications). On average, the value of the indicator is up to 3%. Usually, with regular use of contraceptives, the probability of pregnancy rarely exceeds 1%.

Doctors distinguish the following groups of hormonal pills:

1. 1. Combined.
2. 2. Non-combined (mini-pills).
3. 3. Female means of emergency contraception.



Combined medicines

Combination drugs (COCs) - effective means to prevent pregnancy. They contain 2 main components: estrogen and gestagen. Ethinylestradiol acts as an estrogen, and levonorgestrel, norgestrel, and other synthetic hormones act as a progestogen. The concentration of hormones is minimal, which ensures their safety. When used, adverse reactions rarely occur: overweight, breast tenderness, anorexia.



Monophasic medications include a constant concentration of hormones in all tablets. Despite the cyclical hormonal changes in the body, monophasic drugs are a strict dose of the hormone that is taken daily. Doctors believe that these drugs - the best choice for active women up to 35 years. Logest - name effective drug this group.

Logest is a German-made hormonal drug. Contains 20 micrograms of ethinylestradiol and 75 micrograms of gestodene. Ideal for young women as it is easy to use and transport.

Lindinet - complete analogue Logest. It differs in its dosage (it contains 30 micrograms of estrogen). It is a Hungarian drug with excellent tolerance. Jeanine is a hormonal drug consisting of ethinyl estradiol and a progestogen. Pearl index when using the drug - 1%. It has some difference from other drugs: it has active androgenic activity (due to dienogest). Therefore, the drug is primarily prescribed for elevated content male sex hormones. New studies have shown that the drug has a strong hypocholesterolemic effect.



Effective drugs

Yarina is considered the most popular contraceptive in tablets. This German preparation contains ethinylestradiol (30mcg) and drospirenone (3mg). The agent reduces the concentration of cholesterol, has an anti-adrogenic effect. Yarina - excellent remedy from teenage acne, it is often prescribed for acne due to its ability to slow down the production of sebum and reduce the signs of the disease.

Diane-35 has a pronounced antiandrogenic effect, therefore it is widely used to combat acne, seborrhea. In addition, the drug is recommended for contraception in women with signs of hirsutism (excessive hair growth).



Jess - effective remedy with antiandrogenic activity. Due to gestagens, all side effects of the drug are leveled. Therefore, the drug is well tolerated. Jess softens the signs premenstrual syndrome beneficial effect on cholesterol levels. Low-dose COCs include Rigeviron, Femoden, Novinet, Miniziston, Regulon.

Biphasic drugs

Biphasic drugs - complex hormonal pills, the main difference of which is more high concentration gestagen. This is what they support physiological cycle in the female body.

Three-phase COCs are presented as groups of tablets. The concentration of estrogen is maximum, and the content of progestogen increases from phase 1 to phase 3. These drugs are more modern and act physiologically. Experts advise buying monophasic contraceptives. When the concentration of hormones changes, the dose of active substances increases. This most often provokes the appearance of side effects (especially in biphasic). Representatives of two-phase preparations: Anteovin, Bi-Novum. Three-phase preparations are represented by such medicines as Triziston, Tri-regol, Trister.



The main action is to prevent the onset of an unwanted pregnancy. This action, regardless of the composition and dosage of the drug, is based on blocking the sex hormones responsible for ovulatory functions. The ovaries go into "sleep mode", decrease in size. In a similar way, ovulation is suppressed, the properties of cervical mucus change.

For maximum effect and protection against pregnancy, it is important to use drugs regularly throughout the course of therapy (21 or 28 days). They are taken once a day. What to do when you miss another pill? It must be drunk immediately, as they remembered it. Further, the drug is taken according to the old scheme, even if you have to take 2 tablets.

For efficient and reliable protection it is important to estimate the length of the period during which drugs were not used. Being late up to 12 hours does not require any additional actions- protection against pregnancy remains close to 100%. More prolonged absence contraception requires the use of additional protection (barrier, spermicidal contraception).



Pros and cons of using COCs

Considered medicines have the following advantages:

• fight with menstrual disorders, PMS (normalize the cycle, reduce blood loss, minimize the signs of PMS);
• treatment of acne, seborrhea, acne pathology (for this, COCs with antiandrogenic effects are used);
• prevention of benign breast tumors;
• prevention of the development of ovarian cancer, endometrial carcinoma (protection against pathologies lasts up to 15 years after the abolition of COCs).

Negative effects from taking combined hormonal drugs:

• the likelihood of side effects;
• the need for daily use.



Contraindications to the use of combined drugs:

• thrombotic diseases of deep veins;
• diabetes;
• oncology;
• vaginal bleeding;
• liver disease;
• age after 35 years;
• alcohol abuse;
• drug use;
• many drugs are strictly forbidden to use with damage to the kidneys, adrenal glands.

What is a "mini-pill"?

By "mini-drank" are meant contraceptives with one component - a gestagen. The dose of the substance is minimal. Similar medicines are prescribed to persons after 35 years, women with diabetes in history. Breastfeeding is not a contraindication to their use.



But mini-pills have a lower Pearl index. The use of such drugs provokes intermenstrual bleeding, the occurrence of ovarian cysts, ectopic pregnancy. The contraceptive effect of mini-pill drops significantly if you use them at different times. The most common members of the group are Linestrenol and Levonorgestrel.

Urgent contraceptives are Ambulance in unforeseen situations. They contain high doses of hormones. Known emergency contraceptives:

• Postinor;
• Escapelle.



menopause period

Menopause is another reason to use hormones. During this period, the following symptoms appear:

• irregular periods;
• flushes of heat;
• sweating;
• tachycardia;
• dryness of the vagina;
• osteoporosis.



The reason for such a bright clinic of the disease is estrogen deficiency. But the body can be successfully deceived by using estrogens. Ideal medications with a contraceptive effect.

For this purpose, use:

• purely estrogen drugs;
• estrogen-progesterone drugs;
• estrogen-progesterone-androgen combinations.

More often prescribe drugs of the first group. They contain a conjugated hormone of animal origin (from the urine of mares). The most popular drugs: Estrofeminal, Premarin, Hormoplex. They should be taken daily at the same time of day for 3 weeks, then a week off.

Representatives of complex two-phase preparations:

1. 1. Divina is a Finnish remedy containing estradiol and progestogen.
2. 2. Klimonorm - a German drug from Bayer. Contains estradiol and levonorgestrel.
3. 3. Klimen includes estradiol and cyproterone.



Three-phase drugs are used constantly (Trisequens, Trisequens forte.)

Replacement therapy: contraindications

There are conditions in which hormone therapy is strictly prohibited:

• breast cancer;
• oncology of the endometrium;
• liver damage;
• uterine myoma.



Side effects:

• mood swings;
• intermenstrual bleeding.

Before prescribing such therapy, a complete examination of patients is carried out. Hormonal treatment is the main way to fight cancer. Such therapy is used to combat hormonally sensitive tumors. Hormones inhibit the growth of cancer cells, improving the well-being of patients.

Our life is filled with hormones of happiness, pleasure, stress, fear. It is they who evoke these emotions. Hormones help us in various situations and rule our body in the most direct sense. For a long time, people have learned to use them in medicine for various pathologies and reduced activity of the endocrine glands. Only many are wary of taking such funds. Let's understand what is hormonal medications and what they are used for.

Hormonal drugs — medicines containing hormones or their artificial substitutes. They may include:

• natural hormones that are secreted from the endocrine glands of slaughtered cattle, blood and urine of animals and humans;
• artificial hormonal agents and their derivatives;
• chemical analogues of hormones, differing in their structure from natural hormones, but endowed with similar properties.

Hormone therapy is needed for:

• prevention of unwanted pregnancy;
• women during menopause;
• treatment of inflammatory and allergic diseases;
• treatment of hormonal deficiency and cancer;

There are a lot of hormonal preparations in the world. Consider hormonal contraceptives and women's health, which are widely used in gynecology. Full list names and prices can be seen at the end of the article.

Hormonal contraceptives are:

• combined (estrogen-gestagenic);
• non-combined (mini-drank);
• emergency drugs.

Combined oral contraceptives

This group of drugs is used in gynecology to prevent unwanted pregnancy and treat a number of hormonal problems, it contains 2 types of hormones - estrogen and progesterone. Often seen as an abbreviation for COC. The effectiveness of protection is determined by the Pearl index - the lower the number, the more reliable way. The index is less than 1.

The benefits are determined by high efficacy, excellent tolerability, rapid reversibility (pregnancy can occur in the first cycle after discontinuation of the drug) and additional non-contraceptive properties.

Depending on the dose of hormones, they are divided into: monophasic and multiphasic.

Monophasic oral contraceptives

The concentration of hormones in tablets does not change during the entire time of admission. The contraceptive effect is associated with ethinylestradiol, the dosage of which is selected purposefully to suppress ovulation.

It is important to remember that these drugs can only be prescribed by a doctor! Self-medication can lead to hormonal failure and other unpleasant consequences.

• Jess (Dimia)

These popular hormonal pills for women contain drospirenone, which stops weight gain and edema, relieves PMS symptoms, hormonal breast engorgement, headache and muscle pain. It also helps to reduce the symptoms of acne, oily skin and hair. Dimia is an analogue of Jess, only it costs an order of magnitude cheaper.

• Belara

The hormonal drug has positive action to restore the cycle, reduce the severity of PMS, the incidence of anemia, pain during menstruation, cysts and malignant formations ovaries. It has a direct effect on the condition of the skin, so it is often prescribed to girls to improve it.

• Lindinet 20 (Logest)

When taken systematically, they provide therapeutic effect, normalizing the hormonal state and preventing the development of a number of diseases in gynecology, including reducing the risk of neoplasms.

• Novinet (Mersilon)

Excellent hormones. They have additional positive effects: menstruation becomes poorer and less painful, the occurrence of anemia is reduced, diseases of the uterus, ovaries, and mammary glands develop less often, have a beneficial effect on the skin, remove acne and acne. Usually assigned to young girls.

Contraceptive packages may contain different amount tablets. It depends on the reception scheme. They are of two types: 21+7 and 24+4. There is no fundamental difference.

First scheme: Active pills are taken for 21 days without a break, then a 7-day rest is made, during which withdrawal bleeding begins, then a new pack begins.

The second scheme is a set of 24 active tablets and 4 inactive pacifiers, which you can not take, they are needed for convenience, so as not to forget when the next pack should start. Although sometimes "dummies" are not dummies at all. In some drugs Yarina Plus and Jess Plus) in inactive tablets is levomefolate − active form folic acid in this form, it is better absorbed by the body. This is done to reduce the risk of developing neural tube defects in the fetus if a woman wants to become pregnant immediately after stopping the drug.

Multiphasic oral contraceptives

In connection with the phase monthly cycle, the dosage of hormones in tablets varies, this provides natural changes hormonal background and reduces the risk side effects. The packages of contraceptives in this group contain 2-3 types of tablets. The dose of estrogen responsible for the contraceptive effect is maximum in each tablet, and the level of progestogen increases gradually, creating a limit by the 3rd phase of the cycle.

• The brightest and most modern representative − claira.

In addition to the contraceptive effect, it helps to reduce the abundance and duration of menstruation, reduces the manifestations signs of PMS and also removes pain during critical days. Taking contraceptives with small dosages of hormones helps to reduce the possibility of developing a number of gynecological diseases, and also reduces the manifestations of hypertrichosis - excessive hair growth. These hormonal pills for women are considered the most physiological.

Non-combined OK

The second name of the group is "mini-drank". They contain a small dosage of the hormone progestin and are a substitute for COCs. They differ from them in their composition - they include an artificial analogue of progesterone. The content of hormones is lower than in other preparations. They do not suppress the process of ovulation.

The contraceptive effect is based on a change in the properties of the mucus lining the cervix. Due to the increase in viscosity, it becomes a barrier to the movement of the sperm to the egg. The rate of contraction of the walls of the fallopian tubes slows down, due to which the egg cannot enter the uterus. If the sperm still reaches the target, then 2 defense mechanism: hormonal change The mucous membrane of the walls of the uterus does not allow the fertilized egg to attach.

The effectiveness of these funds is 95%

The main advantage of this group of hormonal pills is that the natural menstrual cycle is preserved and menstrual bleeding.

A significant drawback is that the tablets cannot be skipped. If in the case of COCs, the gap can be more than 12 hours and nothing terrible will happen, then here this interval is only 3 hours, after which hormone therapy is disrupted, i.e. contraceptive effect is reduced.

• Charozetta (Laktinet, Modell mam).

They are best suited for use during lactation as they do not affect the production and taste of milk, as well as girls who are prohibited . The contraceptive effect of the drug is achieved by increasing the viscosity of the mucus that covers the cervix, which is an obstacle to the passage of sperm to the target.

• Exluton

Like other OKs in this group, the use is preferable when breastfeeding, contraindications to COCs. The contraceptive effect is associated with an increase in the viscosity of the mucus, which prevents the movement of spermatozoa, violations of the contractions of the walls of the fallopian tubes (this change is reversible after discontinuation of the drug).

Emergency Medicines

Emergency (postcoital) contraception is carried out after unprotected intercourse, or if the methods of protection failed, within 1-3 days to stop unwanted pregnancy. It is important to know that these female hormone pills should be used as infrequently as possible. can cause irreversible damage to the body.

• Escapelle (postinor)

They inhibit ovulation, which stops the fertilization process. Prevent implantation, ie. penetration and fixation of the embryo in the wall of the uterus. Will not work if the implementation has already taken place. Reception should be started as early as possible (no later than 72 hours) after unprotected sex. The longer the time interval between an unprotected act and taking the drug, the higher the likelihood of pregnancy. Used at any time during the cycle.

• Jenale

It slows down ovulation and prevents the attachment of a fertilized egg. It is used 2 hours before or 2 hours after a meal (within 72 hours after unprotected intercourse), regardless of the phase of the menstrual cycle.

Note! These hormonal pills for women should not be taken with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (painkillers, antipyretics, such as ibuprofen) for a week after taking the drug.

What is a hormonal imbalance?

Hormonal disbalance- this is a discrepancy in the ratio of estrogens and progesterone - the main assistants in the activity of the reproductive system. The work of the whole organism is connected with the hormonal status.

Failure factors:

• dysfunction of the endocrine glands. This can occur both as a result of a disease and as a result of developmental anomalies;
• incorrect production of hormones can be both congenital and acquired problem;
• increased nervous excitability and prolonged stress;
• uncontrolled use of postcoital contraception drugs provokes a sharp shift in hormones, after which the body can come back in order for years;
• independent use of hormonal drugs;
• artificial termination of pregnancy (abortion);
• age-related physiological deviations. Puberty and menopause - 2 periods in a woman's life, when there is a radical reboot of the endocrine system.

Menopause is a predictable hormonal failure caused by an inevitable reduction in the work of the ovaries.

Menopause and menopause

Menopause refers to the long-term effect of the gradual withering of the female reproductive system.

The menopause period is divided into 3 phases: premenopause, menopause, postmenopause. Key hormonal surges are observed in premenopause. This phase combines the time when menstruation becomes arbitrary, ends altogether, and 2 years after that. Premenopause lasts approximately 4 years. If during the year there were no spontaneous periods, we can say that the last menstrual bleeding is menopause. It occurs between 40 and 50 years of age. The time of its onset in most cases depends on genetic characteristics.

tides- the most common nuisance caused by hormonal changes. During the "attacks" a woman may experience a feeling of heat, most often in the face. Reducing hot flashes during menopause will help reduce meat and protein foods in the diet, it is advisable to eat more vegetables and fruits. Other symptoms include depression, migraine headaches.

Also developing involuntary urination, there are unpleasant sensations during sexual intercourse, the likelihood of cystitis increases. These manifestations are associated with a decrease in the level of estrogen in the blood. Brittle nails, hair loss and roughness skin are characteristic manifestations of estrogen deficiency.

Bigger problems may arise:

• osteoporosis (increased bone fragility);
• atherosclerosis (deposition of cholesterol on the walls of blood vessels);
• diabetes.

To prevent all these problems, hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is used. Its purpose is to compensate for the lost function of the ovaries and prolong youth. But not all women are shown it. Contraindications are quite serious:

• thrombi of deep veins of the lower extremities;
• intrauterine bleeding of unknown origin;
• oncological diseases;
• liver pathology.

However, hormone therapy is not as scary as it seems. There are special hormonal preparations for women after 40 years.

Hormonal pills for women that are used during menopause may contain:

• estrogen;
• a combination of estrogen with progesterone;
• combination of estrogen, progesterone and androgen.

List of hormonal drugs for women over 40

• Angelique

Contains both types of hormones (estrogen and progestogen), the levels of which fall during menopause. There is a replacement of hormones that are no longer produced by the ovaries.

Estradiol prevents or alleviates hot flashes, excessive sweating, sleep disturbances, depressive states, increased nervousness, dizziness and migraine headaches, as well as urinary incontinence, dryness, itching, burning sensation in the vagina, discomfort during intercourse. The inclusion of a progestogen (drospirenone) in the preparation reduces the risk of developing uterine cancer.

The drug reduces bone loss, the so-called postmenopausal osteoporosis. Drospirenone regulates the excretion of fluid and sodium ions, which reduces blood pressure numbers, weight, breast pain and other symptoms associated with tissue swelling.

• Ladybone

Inhibits postmenopausal bone loss, relieves symptoms such as hot flashes, increased sweating, headache. Raises libido and mood. It has a tonic effect on the vaginal mucosa, while not causing the growth of endometrial tissues (which can lead to neoplasms).

• Cyclo-Proginova

Contains a special salt of estradiol, which in the body is converted into its own hormone. Also included in the composition is norgestrel, a derivative of progesterone. Its use for 10 days of a monthly cycle stops the excessive growth of the endometrial mucosa and stops the development of uterine cancer. Used in perimenopausal women to treat spontaneous uterine bleeding.

Estradiol compensates for the lack of estrogen in the body during the approach of menopause and creates a favorable course of therapy:

• eliminates hot flashes;
• excessive sweating;
• insomnia;
• increased nervousness and causeless irritability;
• pain in the sternum;
• dizziness;
• migraine pain;
• weakening the desire for intimacy;
• muscle and joint pain;
• involuntary leakage of urine;
• dryness and itching in the vagina;
• pain during sex;
• reduces bone wasting.

Hormonal preparations for women after 40 years of age can be taken at any time. It is important to exclude pregnancy!

Table of hormonal drugs with active ingredients and prices

The table shows the list and prices of the popular hormonal drugs that were mentioned above. It is worth noting that the mark-up for drugs in each region is different, so the cost may vary. You should be aware that all preparations containing hormones are prescription drugs.

After a slash (\) the prices of small and large packages are written.

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