Therapeutic action. The benefits and significance of the aliphatic amino acid valine for the human body Foods rich in valine

Valine will help you quickly recover from injuries. Nature has taken care of us by creating substances that help prolong youth and improve health. One of them is considered to be It forms muscle tissue, the immune system, and therefore, without it, our physical activity would become impossible. Valine is essential for proper metabolism and is needed to maintain the structural integrity of the body. It was appreciated by athletes as a powerful means of recovery from injuries. It is important that with a lack of valine, the condition of the muscles and skin worsens. Doctors noticed that with a deficiency of valine, the muscular coordination of the body is disturbed. If you want to know how please read this article to the end. We will talk about the essential branched-chain amino acids and call health benefits of valine.

Valine in the optimal natural form and dosage is contained in bee products - such as flower pollen, royal jelly and drone brood, which are part of many natural vitamin and mineral complexes of Parapharm: Leveton P, Elton P, Leveton Forte ”, “Apitonus P”, “Osteomed”, “Osteo-Vit”, “Eromax”, “Memo-Vit” and “Kardioton”. That is why we pay so much attention to each natural substance, talking about its importance and benefits for a healthy body.

Essential amino acid valine:
history of discovery

Three German researchers shared the right to be considered the discoverers of valine. The history of the discovery of matter began in 1856, when the scientist Gorup-Bezanets studied extracts of the pancreas. Later, in 1879, the chemist P. Schützenberger studied this amino acid as a product of protein hydrolysis. The chemical formula of valine could only be derived in 1906 by E. Fisher, experimenting with casein. Immediately after this, the study of the properties of this compound began. Since 1982, began to be produced in many countries. Currently, the total production of this substance exceeds 150 thousand tons per year.

What is valine?

Valine is essential amino acid, which the body cannot synthesize on its own and must be obtained from food. Along with leucine and isoleucine, it is part of the branched chain amino acids (BCAAs). Valine is closely related to them, sharing several properties. It has been established that the total amount of these substances in the muscles is about 35%, which is why they are so important for human health. We add that there is a lot of valine in the connective tissue and albumin, although it is also present in the body in a free form. It is believed that the special structure - branching makes it an excellent source of energy.

Let's move on to the main chemical properties of amino acids. This compound has two isomers, D-valine and L-valine, the second type being used mainly in pharmaceuticals. In its pure form, valine is a colorless crystalline powder that dissolves well in water, but poorly in organic solutions. Latin name of the substance: valine

Branched amino acids prevent catabolism, so they are necessary during stress. It is believed that taking BCAAs has a value comparable to the use of all other amino acids. Note that leucine, isoleucine and valine They only work effectively when taken together.

Valin plays a very significant role in the body. It is an important component of proteins - it gives them hydrophobic properties. This means that it repels water from itself, becoming a separate drop - a globule. Valine is involved in protein synthesis along with leucine and isoleucine. It is through this process that our muscles begin to grow.

The main beneficial properties of valine.
Why does the body need BCAAs?

Determined that BCAAs are needed by the body: they help support the work of many systems and organs. Valine is a glucogenic amino acid, which means that our liver can transform this substance into. And as you know, this fast carbohydrate is main fuel for the body. Thus, valine prevents muscle damage, showing anti-catabolic properties. Together with leucine and isoleucine, it is involved in protein synthesis and muscle building.

That is why this substance helps the rapid recovery and growth of tissues. However health benefits of valine this is not exhausted. With any surgical intervention in the body, the amount of this amino acid drops, and doctors prescribe special drugs. If you want to , you need to take valine - in its pure form or as food supplement BCAA.

Receiving food poor in valine, our body will be lethargic, and the immune system will be weakened. Why is this happening? This substance provides immunocompetent cells, supporting them with energy. It is also involved in the work of the pituitary gland - a gland that regulates the work of all hormones. It has been established that valine promotes the absorption of other amino acids.

Scientists have found that valine is responsible for nitrogen metabolism in the body, and is also involved in the synthesis of vitamin B5. Perhaps not everyone knows that this vitamin is responsible for the health of our hair.

In addition, valine is needed for the functioning of the central and autonomic nervous systems, normal mental activity. Another unique quality of valine- impact on skin health. Without enough dietary valine, our skin becomes open to various infections. At lack of valine in the body impaired muscle coordination.

At essential amino acid valine many other useful properties:

keeps at a constant level the amount of serotonin, the “hormone of happiness”.
stimulates the liver, removing toxic excess nitrogen from the body;
normalizes the work of the gallbladder and other internal organs that are poisoned by excessive alcohol consumption;
suitable for the prevention of encephalopathy;
fights some types of viruses;
is a precursor to penicillin.
helps to cure addiction by restoring the balance of amino acids.
used for depression, because it has a slight stimulating effect.

In addition, we can add that valine suppresses appetite, so those who decide to get rid of excess fat appreciate it. It also has a beneficial effect on the body with insomnia and nervous overexcitation.

Scientists have found that valine is necessary for normal nitrogen metabolism in the body, and is also involved in the synthesis of pantothenic acid (vitamin B5). Perhaps not everyone knows that this particular vitamin is responsible for the health of the hair and scalp.

Amino acid valine in sports:
BCAA and bodybuilding

Valine helps regenerate damaged tissues, and also significantly increases endurance under load. Together with other "branched" amino acids, it is involved in protein synthesis for muscle tissue. Due to these properties, the substance helps recover faster from injuries. Therefore, it is not surprising that today valine in sports found active use. This substance is most appreciated by bodybuilders who take it as muscle growth stimulant and for recovery after training. Therefore, it can be said that BCAA and bodybuilding today are inextricably linked.

By acting on the muscles sports supplements containing BCAAs, other athletes also appreciated. So marathon runners use these drugs to increase endurance.

Modern valine research

Scientists carefully studied the action of the amino acid, and came to interesting conclusions. It turned out that with its deficiency in rats, food intake decreased, coordination of movements and hyperesthesia worsened. Shortly thereafter, the animals died. Animals receiving valine in sufficient quantities remained healthy. Conducting valine research , biologists found that this substance caused a decrease in sensitivity to cold, heat and pain in rodents.

Employees of the University of Milan investigated the effect of BCAAs on mice. In particular, they found that a mixture of amino acids helps prolong the life of animals. During the experiment, the experimental group of mice were allowed to drink water containing isoleucine, valine and aminoisocaproic acid. The control group of rodents drank only water. As a result, it turned out that the rodents of the first group lived 95 days longer. Also, these specimens have increased the supply of vitality, improved muscle coordination.

In addition, they studied the effect of this set of amino acids on unicellular yeast. And the positive effect of the studied substances was again confirmed. The organizers of the experiment are sure that such results give grounds for creating medicines for heart failure and lung diseases.

Best Sources of Valine

It has been established that the highest concentration of this amino acid is found in cheeses: edama, parmesan. However, there are other dishes rich in valine. By eating wisely, you can be sure that your muscles and skin will be healthy. The right diet will help recover quickly from injury. So let's call the best sources of valine.

Animal products: beef, lamb, pork, chicken, fish, especially salmon, squid, dairy products, eggs (chicken and quail).

Herbal products: peanuts, lentils, beans, soybeans, peas, beans, seaweed, corn flour, wheat flour, red beans, mushrooms, brown rice, sesame and pumpkin seeds, nuts, (walnuts, pistachios).

It is believed that this amino acid is best absorbed from quail eggs and pumpkin seeds.

Daily rate of valine.

Daily allowance for valine for an adult is from 2 to 4 g, depending on the build. You can calculate this figure more precisely using the formula 10 mg per 1 kg of weight. Naturally, for a bodybuilder and weightlifter, the required amount of valine will be 2 times more.

Scientists have calculated that to fill the daily requirement, you need to eat 5 eggs a day, 180 g of meat, washed down with almost two liters of milk. It is logical to assume that when active physical work it will be difficult for a person to get useful amino acids in the right amount. In this case, it would be reasonable to use . For this purpose, Leveton Forte is suitable, which contains all the necessary vitamins, minerals and trace elements.

Deficiency of any of the essential acids in the diet will inevitably affect the state of health. Gradually, there will be a violation of protein synthesis, which will cease to be produced in the required amount. Lack of valine in the body leads to a deterioration in the condition of nerve cells, which can lead to neurological diseases.

With a deficiency of this substance, another pathology arises - the so-called maple syrup disease. This strange name has a simple explanation: in such patients, urine acquires the smell of maple syrup. A similar symptom is a consequence of poor absorption into the blood. valine, leucine, isoleucine.

So, we can highlight the main consequences lack of valine in the body:

cracks appear on the mucous membranes;
muscular dystrophy;
immunity weakens;
neurosis and depression;
memory worsens;
gastrointestinal disorders.
memory problems.

Excess valine in the body

An overdose of valine threatens with a number of unpleasant consequences, the most harmless of which are: paresthesia (goosebumps, numbness of the extremities), hallucinations, nausea and vomiting. Much more dangerous sickle anemia, when hemoglobin becomes unable to carry oxygen to the tissues. Also excess valine in the body may aggravate the condition of patients with diseases of the kidneys and gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, it is necessary to use this amino acid in its pure form only on the recommendation of a doctor.

There are a number of contraindications for the use of valine:

metabolic disorder;
allergy to drugs with valine;
severe renal failure or hyperhydration;
metabolic acidosis.

Valine is combined with most medicines, well absorbed along with fish (salmon) and cereals, flour products.

BCAA for the athlete.
How to take valine

Best for sports performance take valine along with leucine and isoleucine. It has been proven that the joint intake enhances the effectiveness of these amino acids. Application for an athlete today is the norm.

It is believed that the optimal ratio is 2:1:1, where two parts are leucine. Trainers recommend drinking this supplement with juice that contains fructose. It is this carbohydrate that stimulates the production of insulin, which helps the absorption of BCAAs. It is better to take these amino acids 20 minutes before a meal or immediately after a workout.

We have reviewed essential amino acid valine, her beneficial features, and also named the products in which it is contained. Proper use of this substance as an element will allow recover quickly from injury and improve training results.

2-amino-3-methylbutanoic acid

Chemical properties

Valine is a widespread aliphatic alpha amino acid , is one of 20 proteinogenic essential amino acids . The compound was first isolated from casein in 1901 by chemist E. Fisher.

Chemical formula of Valine: HO2CCH(NH2)CH(CH3)2, R acemic formula of Valin: C5H11NO2 . The molecular weight of the compound \u003d 117.15 grams per mole, the density of the substance is 1.230 grams per ms3. The structural formula of Valin is discussed in detail in the Wikipedia article. The agent has 2 spatial isomers D and L. The amino acid is synthesized in the form of colorless crystals. L-Valine It dissolves well in water, aqueous solutions of alkalis, and is poorly soluble in organic solutions.

A substance can be synthesized by the action NH3 on the alpha bromoisovaleric acid . Since 1982, the product has been produced all over the world, at about 150 tons per year. In a living organism, the amino acid is one of the main components involved in the processes of growth and synthesis of living tissues, increases muscle coordination and reduces the body's sensitivity to pain and other adverse environmental factors. The main sources of Valine are: chicken, salmon and beef; cow's milk, eggs, walnuts; wheat and corn flour; peas and brown rice.

pharmachologic effect

Metabolic.

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

This amino acid plays a key role in the processes of synthesis and growth of body tissues, is a source of energy for muscle cells, prevents a drop in the level and development. The substance significantly improves the quality of muscle coordination and reduces the body's sensitivity to cold, heat, pain and stress. The tool has the ability to protect myelin sheath - an important part of the nerve fibers of the brain and spinal cord. This substance is necessary for the body to maintain normal nitrogen metabolism.

The agent achieves its maximum effectiveness in combination with and. This amino acid It is irreplaceable, that is, the body cannot synthesize it on its own. Once in the systemic circulation, the substance is completely metabolized and does not accumulate in the tissues.

Indications for use

Amino acid Valine is prescribed in combination with other drugs:

to provide parenteral nutrition ;
as a prophylactic and therapeutic agent for intensive loss of proteins by the body;
with injuries, burns, sepsis and peritonitis ;
after extensive surgical interventions;
as part of the complex treatment of inflammatory diseases of the intestine and gastrointestinal tract;
at depression , addiction, multiple sclerosis ;
as a prophylactic for increased physical exertion.

Contraindications

The tool is contraindicated:

in case of process violations amino acid metabolism ;
patients with this substance;
in severe renal failure or overhydration ;
sick with metabolic acidosis .

Side effects

The amino acid Valine is generally well tolerated and adverse reactions are extremely rare. Allergic reactions may develop.

Valine, instructions for use (Method and dosage)

Depending on the dosage form and purpose, various treatment regimens with drugs based on Valin are used. The dosage and duration of administration is determined by the attending physician.

Overdose

There are no cases of overdose with this drug.

Interaction

This amino acid can be combined with almost all drugs.

Terms of sale

No prescription required.

special instructions

It is recommended to infuse drugs containing an amino acid slowly in order to increase the effectiveness of therapy.

In case of renal insufficiency, dosage adjustment may be required.

During pregnancy and lactation

The drug can be taken during pregnancy and lactation according to indications.

Preparations containing (Analogues)

Coincidence in the ATX code of the 4th level:

Medicines containing the amino acid Valine: Aminoven , L-Valine , Aminoplasmal B. Brown E 10 , Aminoven Infant ,Kabiven , Aminosol-Neo,Aminoplasmal E , Aminosteril , , Moriamin , Nephrotect , Nutriflex , Cerebrolysate , Hymix .

Valina price, where to buy

The cost of the drug Infezol is about 3500 rubles for 10 bottles, with a capacity of 150 ml. You can buy an amino acid in industrial packaging for about 700 rubles, 200 grams.

It is one of the ten essential amino acids. It is part of almost all proteins known to us. This amino acid is named after the valerian plant. It has a positive effect on the central and autonomic nervous system. Participates in the growth and synthesis of body tissues. It is a source of energy for muscle cells.

Foods rich in valine:

The approximate amount is indicated in 100 g of the product

General characteristics of valine

Valine belongs to the group of proteinogenic amino acids, which include 20 acids. This aliphatic α-aminoisovaleric acid has the chemical formula: C 5 H 11 NO 2 .

It acts as one of the initial substances in the synthesis of pantothenic acid (vitamin B3) and penicillin. Prevents a decrease in the level of serotonin in the body. It is found in large quantities in animal products, rice and nuts.

Daily requirement for valine

For an ordinary person, the daily norm of valine is, on average, 3-4 grams per day. Ordinary chicken eggs lead in the content of this substance, followed by cow's milk and meat. For vegetarians, nuts, beans, rice, pumpkin seeds and seaweed are suitable.

The need for valine increases:

in the treatment of painful addictions and addictions;
with depression;
in the presence of multiple sclerosis;
when restoring damaged tissues;
with a deficiency of amino acids resulting from the intake of certain medications;
if you suffer from insomnia, irritability and nervousness;
with increased sensitivity to temperature changes.

The need for valine is reduced:

with paresthesia (sensation of goosebumps on the skin);
with sickle cell anemia;
with disorders of the gastrointestinal tract.

Valine digestibility

Since valine is an essential acid, its absorption occurs through a general interaction with the amino acids L-leucine and L-isoleucine. In addition, valine is very well absorbed from walnuts and quail eggs.

Useful properties of valine and its effect on the body

valine prevents a decrease in the level of serotonin - the hormone of joy and good mood;
regulates protein metabolism;
is a complete source of energy for muscle cells;
thanks to valine, the synthesis of vitamin B3 is carried out;
valine is responsible for the absorption of other acids of the proteinogen group;
increases muscle coordination and reduces the body's sensitivity to cold, heat and pain;
Valine is essential for maintaining normal nitrogen levels in the body.

Interaction of valine with essential elements

Valine is able to interact well with proteins, polyunsaturated fatty acids, as well as with slowly digestible carbohydrates (cereals, vegetables, wholemeal bread, bread, muesli). In addition, valine is combined with all the amino acids of the protein group.

Factors affecting the content of valine in the body

Good nutrition and general physical health affect the content of valine in the body. Problems in the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract lead to a decrease in the absorption of this amino acid by body cells. Lack of enzymes, diabetes mellitus, liver disease lead to a decrease in the positive effect of amino acids on the body as a whole.

Valine for beauty and health

Valine is used in bodybuilding as a dietary supplement in combination with essential amino acids such as isoleucine and leucine. Such sports nutrition complexes tone muscle tissue and strengthen muscles. Used to build muscle mass.

Since valine is responsible for providing our body with serotonin, a sufficient amount of it in the body leads to cheerfulness, good mood and sparkling eyes. In sports nutrition, valine is also used as a means to improve protein metabolism.

Based on this, we can conclude that in order to feel good and look beautiful, you should consume products containing valine. Naturally, within the normal range.

Valine belongs to the group of amino acids with a branched molecular structure. These substances make up approximately 70 percent of all proteins in the human body.

However, this amino acid is not produced by the body and therefore must be supplied through food or supplements.

general characteristics

In 1901, the German chemist Emil Fischer, by hydrolysis of proteins, first isolated valine from casein. This amino acid owes its name to valerian. Today, this substance is known as an essential amino acid that stimulates the activity of the body, contributes to the formation and maintenance of its structural and functional integrity.

Valine is an aliphatic amino acid with a non-polar character. It is closely related to leucine and isoleucine, with which it shares a number of properties. These hydrophobic substances rarely take part in biochemical reactions, but play a crucial role in determining the three-dimensional structure of proteins. In addition, valine promotes the absorption of other amino acids.

Valine (L and D isomers) is also known as the glucogenic amino acid. That is, if necessary, the liver is able to transform this substance into glucose, which the muscles then use as an additional source of energy. In addition, it serves as the starting "material" for the synthesis of penicillin.

Role in the body

Valine is an essential nutrient for maintaining bodily functions such as healthy muscles and the immune system.

Prevents muscle damage and provides tissues with additional glucose needed for energy production during physical activity. In combination with isoleucine and leucine, it promotes normal growth, tissue repair, regulates blood sugar levels, and also provides the body with energy.

This essential amino acid is important for the central and autonomic nervous system, is important for the adequate flow of cognitive functions, and is necessary for the proper functioning of the psyche. In addition, it is a substance that inhibits the transport of tryptophan across the blood-brain barrier.

Valine is essential for liver function. In particular, it removes potentially toxic excess nitrogen from the body. It also helps in the treatment of the gallbladder, liver (with cirrhosis, hepatitis C) and other organs affected by alcoholism or drug addiction. It is an effective prophylactic against encephalopathy or brain damage caused by excessive drinking. Has antiviral properties. It is the precursor to penicillin.

Functions and Benefits of Valine

Valine has many benefits. This amino acid is a real salvation for people suffering from insomnia and nervousness. It has also been shown to be effective in treating muscles and regulating the immune system. And those who want to lose weight take this substance as a remedy for excessive appetite.

Other properties of valine:

An essential amino acid with a stimulating effect, essential for muscle metabolism, growth, tissue repair and proper coordination.
As a glucoamino acid, it provides the body with additional glucose.
Useful for the treatment of the liver and gallbladder.
Helps to correct the balance of amino acids in the body (for example, with drug addiction).
Promotes mental activity, maintains a calm mood, relieves depression.
It is important for regulating the concentration of nitrogen in the body.
Before entering the bloodstream, it is not processed by the liver.
It is found in high concentrations in muscle tissue.
Any acute physical stress, as well as surgical interventions, are the reason for increasing the daily norm of valine, leucine, isoleucine.
It facilitates getting rid of alcohol and drug addiction.
Improves the condition of multiple sclerosis.
Necessary for people with hypersensitivity to temperature changes.

Valine for bodybuilders

But perhaps most of the benefits of valine are experienced by athletes, particularly bodybuilders. For athletes, this amino acid is important as a substance for repairing muscle tissue, accelerating metabolism and increasing endurance. Bodybuilders use valine along with leucine, which contributes to faster muscle growth, supplying additional energy. In addition, the amino acid helps easy recovery from injury or overexertion.

daily requirement

The waste requirement for valine is approximately 2-4 g.

A more accurate individual dosage can be calculated using the formula: 10 mg of an amino acid per 1 kg of weight (or 26 mg of a substance per 1 kg - when it is necessary to increase the dose).

However, individuals with liver or kidney dysfunction should not consume valine in supplement form without the advice of a physician. High doses of amino acids can aggravate the course of diseases. Also, reduce the intensity of valine consumption should be people with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and in the presence of sickle cell anemia. But diabetes, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, insufficient production of enzymes, on the contrary, impair the absorption of amino acids by the body.

amino acid deficiency

Although valine is easily replenished from food, amino acid deficiencies have been reported. The lack of this substance affects the quality of myelin (the sheath of nerve cells), and also causes degenerative neurological diseases. Lack manifests itself in the form of the so-called maple syrup disease (occurs in people whose body is not able to absorb leucine, isoleucine and valine). The unusual name of the disease is explained very simply: in such patients, the urine acquires the smell of maple syrup.

In addition, an experiment on rats showed that with a lack of valine, lipid formations appear in the liver tissues. Hair loss, weight loss, stunted growth, leukopenia or hypoalbuminemia (a sharp decrease in the level of albumin in the blood) may also indicate an amino acid deficiency. And also possible damage to the mucous membranes, arthritis, memory problems, depression, muscle atrophy, sleep disturbances, weakened immunity.

People whose diet is deficient in protein foods, as well as those who are professionally involved in sports, in order to avoid a deficiency of valine, should take care of its additional intake in the form of dietary supplements.

Overdose: what is the danger

Too high doses of valine can lead to hallucinations and goosebumps. Also, regular overdoses cause dysfunction of the liver and kidneys, increase the level of ammonia in the body. Minor overdoses of the substance cause allergic reactions, nervousness, indigestion and blood clots.

food sources

Valine is an essential amino acid, which means that there is an urgent need to replenish the supply of the substance with the help of food.

In a high concentration, the amino acid is found in products:

animal origin: meat (beef, lamb, pork, chicken), fish, squid, dairy products, various types of cheeses;
vegetable sources: lentils, peanuts, soybeans, mushrooms, sesame and pumpkin seeds, greens, whole grains, beans, cornmeal, peas, beans, seaweed.

Eating dairy products and eggs is easy to get a daily dose of valine. The highest concentration of the substance is in cottage cheese, natural yogurt, in cheeses (Swiss, processed, goat, edama), as well as in milk and eggs. Among the seeds and nuts, pistachios, cashews, almonds, sesame seeds, and sunflower seeds will bring the most benefits. It is better to stop the choice among fish varieties on salmon, trout, halibut, and among legumes rich in proteins - choose beans, lentils or chickpeas. Porcini mushrooms and cherries, as well as wild rice, millet, buckwheat and barley, are ideal for vegetarians. But still, perhaps the easiest to digest is valine from quail eggs and walnuts.

Interaction with other substances

Decided to take valine as a dietary supplement? Then it is important to know the rules for the use and combination of amino acids in order to get the maximum benefit.

First and foremost, valine should always be taken in combination with the other two amino acids, leucine and isoleucine. The perfect balance: 2mg of leucine and valine for every milligram of isoleucine.

The second thing that should not be forgotten is that valine competes with and on the way to the blood-brain barrier. This means that the higher the level of valine in the body, the less tyrosine and tryptophan are found in brain cells. Given these amino acid "competitions", it is necessary to take tyrosine and tryptophan no earlier than an hour before or after taking valine.

Third tip. This amino acid goes well with polyunsaturated fatty acids and the “right” ones (cereals, muesli, wholemeal flour products).

And the fourth rule of combining useful substances. Valine deficiency makes it difficult for the body to absorb all the other amino acids needed by the body.

By following these tips, you can not worry about a possible deficiency of valine.