What can be done if the child has snot. How to get rid of snot from a one-year-old baby? The main causes of snot

Treatment of snot in a child before school age - headache many moms and dads. And this is due not so much to the complexity of this process, but to the peculiarities of the age stage itself. Preschool children do not always understand the meaning of the manipulations carried out by parents.

At the same time, any children's runny nose should not be ignored, otherwise there will be more serious problems with health. Sometimes the most harmless runny nose develops into serious infection affecting various organs and body systems.

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Causes of a child's runny nose

Methods for treating snot in children vary. It all depends on the factor that provoked the discharge from the nose. Sometimes there is not one, but several reasons. Among them are:

1. Infectious diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi. The most common runny nose, provoked by the development of a virus in the body.
2. Allergic factor. Allergies are often childhood caused by plant pollen, pet dander and various food products. This reason dangerous because, if left untreated, it causes the development of bronchial asthma.
3. Hypersensitivity to the action of a variety of external and internal stimuli, for example: tobacco smoke, traffic fumes hormonal imbalance.
4. The use of certain medications. With the uncontrolled use of vasoconstrictor drops, addiction occurs, as a result of which the ability of the vessels to function fully is impaired.
5. Injury, hit foreign body. Help in this case will only ENT doctor.
6. The presence of adenoids. This is revealed by characteristic snoring, a change in voice.
7. Curvature of the nasal septum. It can be caused by an anatomical disorder in the development of the bone forming the nose.

Stages of development of the disease

Nasal discharge in children in the presence of infection goes through 3 stages of development:

Stage 1 lasts up to 2 days. During this time, complaints of tickling in the nasal cavity can be heard from the child. The temperature is usually within normal indicators. The first stage is pretty easy to skip. But it is she who is important for the rapid elimination of a developing disease.
Stage 2 lasts an average of 4-5 days. At this time, abundant discharge from the nasal cavity appears. Nasal breathing is difficult, olfactory and taste sensations. The child is naughty, complains about Bad mood, weakness.
Stage 3 is characterized by the transition of clear discharge from the nose to yellow or green. The change in color of the secreted mucus is due to the appearance of killed microflora in it. On the this stage getting better general well-being, nasal congestion disappears. However, treatment should be continued to prevent complications.

Necessary actions for parents

The appearance of snot in a child requires a mandatory consultation of a pediatrician. He will determine the cause of nasal discharge and draw up a treatment regimen. It varies somewhat, depending on the provoking factor. The actions of parents in the event of a runny nose associated with a viral infection in a preschool child include the following activities:

1. Cleansing the nasal passages through the use of saline solutions. You can buy them at your local pharmacy or make your own. For self cooking you need 1 tsp. salt, preferably sea salt, dissolved in 1 liter of boiled water.
2. Use of drops with a vasoconstrictive effect. It is necessary to remember the time limit: such drugs are used for no more than 5 days.
3. The use of antibacterial drops, especially when green snot appears.
4. Application of herbal oils. More often use special drops based on plants or berries.
5. Compliance bed rest especially at elevated temperatures.
6. Increasing the body's defenses through eating fresh vegetables, fruits, berries.

Usually, with timely treatment, such events help to improve the child's condition and get rid of nasal discharge. However, in some cases, these actions are not enough and you should definitely visit a pediatrician. These situations include:

no improvement on day 4;
Availability elevated temperature long time(more than 7 days);
no improvement in condition within 2-3 days with active treatment at home.

Help of pharmaceutical products

The appearance of green snot - alarm signal to which parents should look Special attention. Such allocations require mandatory attendance doctor. Usually the specialist prescribes a series pharmaceutical preparations.These include:

1. Vasoconstrictor drops that allow you to quickly remove the swelling of the mucous membrane. Among them are the most widespread: Nazivin, Nazol Baby.
2. Ready saline solutions: Aquamaris, Aqualor, Salin. They help to get rid of mucus that has accumulated in the nasal passages. They have no contraindications, they can be used from birth.
3. Antiseptic solutions for washing the nasal passages, for example, Furacilin solution, which is used after the child reaches 3 years of age.
4. Antibiotics, predominantly local action only on doctor's orders.
5. Homeopathic remedies that relieve swelling of the nasopharyngeal mucosa: Sinupret, Sinuforte.
6. Antihistamines facilitating the restoration of nasal breathing.

ethnoscience

In situations where children's snot appears too often (with weakened immunity, visiting kindergarten), methods of traditional medicine are effective:

1. Hot foot baths. To do this, before going to bed, the legs are warmed up in hot water with the addition of a small amount of mustard powder. After the procedure, the child is put on warm socks. The procedure is repeated for 3-4 days.
2. Tea with raspberries, lemon, cranberries and currants. This vitamin blend promotes good perspiration and speed up recovery.
3. Instillation into the nasal passages of beetroot or carrot juice. The tool is effective when green snot appears.
4. Instillation into the nose kalanchoe juice will help with stage 2 snot, when the discharge from the nose is thick, viscous. plant extract promotes frequent sneezing, even if they just lubricate the nasal passages.
5. Carrying out inhalations using fir oil and lavender oils. If inhalation is difficult, then you can make hot foot baths with the addition of these funds. It must be remembered that warming up the legs is shown only when normal temperature. Even a slight increase is a contraindication to this procedure.
6. Washing the nose with a mixture of 5 drops of hydrogen peroxide and 1 tbsp. l. water. The procedure is carried out no more than 3 times a day with a pipette.
7. Warming up the sinuses with bags of warm wheat porridge or salt. This procedure is carried out in the absence of sinusitis, otherwise complications may develop.
8. Burial sea buckthorn oil. You can simply lubricate a cotton flagellum with it and lubricate the nasal passages.
9. Lubrication of the nose with a mixture olive oil and garlic. First, the oil in the amount of 50 g is heated in a water bath. Then a slurry of garlic cloves is added to it. The resulting mixture is infused for 2 days. The resulting juice is moistened with a cotton swab and the nasal passages are treated. This remedy is not only curative, but also preventive, allowing to avoid the development of a runny nose in the cold season.

What prevents getting rid of rhinitis in a baby?

Sometimes, despite the efforts of adults, a runny nose in a child drags on, it becomes problematic to cure him simple ways. Tormented child, tormented parents sleepless nights- all this only exacerbates the situation. There are 2 main causes of lingering snot:

accession bacterial infection;
allergic nature of the discharge.

Option 1 develops with improper treatment runny nose or lack of timely therapy. If there is uncertainty about the effectiveness self help child, it is better to seek help from a specialist. The doctor will correctly diagnose, which will help save time and the health of the baby.

With an allergic rhinitis, the discharge will disturb the child until the allergen is excluded from his life. In this case, reactions can also be on pet hair, and some food products. Common allergens include:

1. A microscopic mite that lives in carpets, pillows, toys. Promotes its reproduction high humidity in room.
2. Wool of dogs and cats, feather and down covering of birds.
3. Mold.

In order to get rid of allergies and its consequences, you must:

visit an allergist - a specialist who detects allergens and treats allergies.
carry out a general cleaning of the premises;
regularly ventilate the room and wet cleaning.

Prevention measures

In order to prevent the appearance of snot in a child, it is necessary to remember the simple methods of prevention:

In children, a runny nose occurs quite often. As a rule, it is especially often observed in preschool children, in those who attend kindergartens. Less commonly, a runny nose occurs in children under 1.5 years of age.

If snot appeared at baby, then this circumstance will bring a lot of anxiety not only to the baby, but also to his parents. Nasal congestion and intermittent discharge will prevent the child from eating normally, which will cause him to become angry and cry. In addition, his sleep will worsen, the process of falling asleep will be disturbed. With a runny nose in children under one year old, you need to be extremely careful. At small child the structure of the nasopharynx is slightly different than in adults, so the infection develops easily there. That is why young children are more likely to develop complications from a simple cold. A runny nose is scientifically called rhinitis.

Factors that provoke the appearance of snot:

hypothermia;
Weakened immune system due to constant colds;
Poor diet with insufficient protein;
Children are not dressed for the weather.

Transparent snot in a child

Many parents feel that transparent snot in a child - this is a completely harmless phenomenon, so often few people pay attention to them. But upon careful consideration of this symptom, it turns out that the appearance of such secretions is due to several reasons.

1 Usually, transparent snot in babies appears in the first 2-3 weeks after birth. They can be triggered by problems during childbirth, improper stay in the womb, or adaptation to the environment (the mucous membrane adapts to dry air). A slight "grunt" is often recommended to be treated with Marimera, Aqua Marisa and other saline solutions. In this case, not treatment is more suitable, but only washing the mucous membrane and moisturizing it. Of course, the main thing with these drugs is not to overdo it. With excessive dosage, there is a possibility of developing otitis media. Even saline solutions should be prescribed after examination by a doctor;

2 Almost every second child has transparent snot during teething. This is one of the main signs of the onset of teething along with a high temperature, a nervous state;

3 Transparent snot in a child may also appear during a viral epidemic, due to a decrease in immunity by 6 months of age. During this period, the child's diet mother's milk does not play a decisive role. Due to which there is a lack of antibodies. As a result, the risk of various viral diseases increases, and the main symptom of many of them is a runny nose;

4 Transparent snot may be an allergic reaction to external viral and food irritants. In these cases, the child must be treated with antiallergic drugs, which must be prescribed by a therapist.

Green snot in a child

If a child has green snot, then this will indicate the development of a bacterial infection. Such secretions, of course, do not appear immediately. They are preceded by abundant clear snot. With the reproduction and death of bacteria, the color of the discharge will also change. Dead cells will accumulate in the excreted mucus, so the discharge will have a clear green color and a certain viscosity. Often, green snot can be evidence of the development of sinusitis in a child.

It is not recommended to carry out self-treatment without prior consultation with a doctor. After the child is examined by a specialist, he is usually prescribed antibacterial drugs or antibiotics. Nasal rinsing with saline solutions is also recommended. This will help to remove mucus without unnecessary irritation of the damaged mucous membrane, and will also prevent bacteria from entering the child's body. In addition, do not forget about the festivities on fresh air and systematic ventilation of the room, because the dry mucous membrane will be difficult to tolerate stagnant dry air that accumulates in the room.

Yellow snot in a child

Many inexperienced doctors and parents, when yellow snot appears in a child, speak with confidence about the imminent end of the disease. And indeed, in some cases, the child's body is freed from dead bacteria in this way. Yellow snot in a child often also indicates the development purulent inflammation or infection.

After transparent snot, yellow or green discharge almost always appears. If the discharge does not stop within 2-3 weeks, then it is necessary to go to the doctor, because yellow snot will indicate sinusitis, chronic otitis media or sinusitis. Only a qualified otolaryngologist can prescribe proper treatment and choose the most effective drugs in this case.

Sometimes yellow snot appears due to an allergic reaction. In these cases, the occurrence of such discharges is associated with the period of the year. The problem should be solved by an experienced allergist.

If a child has yellow snot that has appeared recently, then they can be removed with the help of natural oils or saline solution. It is recommended to drip one drop of sea buckthorn or thuja oil into each nostril, which perfectly disinfects the mucous membrane and cleans the airways. The tool is completely harmless and easily tolerated by children of almost any age.

If the child has a cough, high temperature, overexcitability, nervousness, fatigue medical examination is required.

What to do if the child has snot?

1 It is recommended to carry out wet cleaning twice a day, because the dryness of the air in the room will provoke the growth of microbes.

2 In addition, it is necessary to systematically ventilate the room, because with a cold, children will experience a lack of oxygen. This is especially important if the runny nose is caused by a viral infection. Due to periodic ventilation in the air, the concentration of viral particles will decrease.

3 Children who have not yet learned to blow their nose on their own need the help of their parents. As soon as the secretions have accumulated in the nose, they must be removed with the help of special devices. For these purposes, you can use a small pear for babies. There are also all kinds of respirators that allow you to suck mucus from the nose of young children. With the help of such devices, parents can effectively clear the airways at home.

4 Attention should also be paid to ensure that the mucus does not dry up and does not stagnate in the nose. To do this, it is recommended to bury in the baby's nose saline solution which is prepared at home. Take 1 tablespoon of salt and add it to 500 ml of boiled water. This solution is instilled into the nose with half a pipette in each nostril. Should be buried in lying position. Carrying out this procedure is very important for a runny nose in a child, because it will enable the nasal mucosa to fully perform its functions in fighting the infection, as well as to take medications normally. In pharmacies today you can buy and ready solutions for washing the nose. These drugs are made from sea salt(Aqualor, Humer, Marimer, Aqua Maris). You can also use No-sol and Salin.

5 Sometimes, when a child has a runny nose, his nose is stuffed up quite strongly, which gives the baby some inconvenience. He not only suffers himself, but also makes his parents worry. In these cases, on the recommendation of a doctor, it is possible to use vasoconstrictor drops. Due to the impact on the vessels, they will reduce the swelling of the mucous membrane and the amount of secreted mucus.

6 When choosing drops, it is important to look at the instructions for their use, because each age has its own concentration medicinal components. For children, Fazin, Nesopin, Sanorinchik, Knoxprey, Nazivin, Nazol are considered the safest.

7 Children under 1 year in each nostril, 1-2 drops of a 0.01% solution. Children from 1 to 6 years in each nostril, 1-2 drops of a 0.025% solution. Children from 6 years of age in each nostril, 1-2 drops of a 0.05% solution.

These drugs can be used within 3-5 days. Children from 6 years old can use sprays instead of drops.

8 A good alternative to synthetic vasoconstrictor drugs are high concentrations sea salt, which relieve swelling of the nasal mucosa and are not addictive. They are used within 5-7 days. Humer hypertonic, Aqua Maris strong are excellent. These preparations can be used for children from 3 months.

9 It is very important to teach a child to blow his nose correctly. The first step is to free one nostril from secretions, then the second.

10 Except local treatment in a mandatory manner is carried out and general. Under general treatment implied plentiful drink, various warming procedures (with small temperature bodies). If a runny nose has just begun, then it is better for the child to take a hot foot bath before going to bed for 15 minutes, then put the child to bed, putting on woolen socks. With a runny nose with fever, it is necessary to include antibacterial and antiviral drugs in the course of treatment. But which ones - only a qualified doctor should decide.

Treatment of snot in a child with folk methods

Of the most common folk methods application can be identified steam inhalation from chamomile decoction, as well as decoctions of mint, bay leaf, sage. But the right approach is very important here. If there is no special inhaler, then you can use the most popular way - to breathe over a pot with a heated solution. This approach in children often causes a painful and fearful reaction, which is due to the effect of steam on the face and mucous membranes of the eyes. In this case, the simplest heating pad helps. Fill in rubber heating pad solution, wrap it with a towel and ask the child to breathe in medicinal vapors. Babies tolerate this method of inhalation much better, because the steam will only enter the upper respiratory tract, as well as oral cavity. The procedure is best done 1-2 hours after eating. After inhalation, you should not drink, eat or talk loudly for some time.

It must be remembered that the procedures that were noted above are recommended only in cases where the child has only a runny nose and nothing more. If the disease is more serious, then a doctor's consultation is necessary.

Snot in children is the most common reason for visiting a pediatrician. For treatment, vasoconstrictors are used, which are also available for newborns in a minimum concentration. As an etiological agent, antiviral, antihistamine and antibacterial drugs are used. They act on the cause of the appearance of snot. Isotonic solutions help relieve swelling and nasal congestion in case of contraindications for prescribing other medications.

Causes of snot in a child

Runny nose is one of key symptoms colds. In babies, a runny nose is the most severe. This is due to the fact that in the absence of nasal breathing in infants, the act of sucking is disturbed and they cannot eat. Breast-feeding accompanied by screams and crying, in some cases the child turns blue.

The causes of snot in children are viruses and bacteria, as well as allergens. Babies under 6 months of age often develop viral rhinitis caused by adenovirus, rhinovirus, and parainfluenza. In children older than 1 year, bacterial rhinitis occurs, which often appear against the background of immunosuppression after viral disease. All types of rhinitis are characterized by seasonality. Thus, the viral circulates in autumn-winter period, and bacteria are characterized by an increase in the incidence at the end of winter.

Allergic rhinitis is separate view nasal diseases, since the cause of its occurrence is a violation of work in immune system. Allergy develops in response to the introduction of an irritant into the body. The allergen can be plant pollen, pet dander, mites, or food. Such rhinitis, according to the comments of Dr. Komarovsky, is typical for children who are 3 years old.

The pathogenesis of the development of all types of rhinitis is similar. The causative agent penetrates through the nasal or oral cavity and begins to multiply in the mucous membrane, causing local development of edema. Further, this leads to an increase in the synthesis serous fluid which manifests itself copious secretions from the nose. With bacterial rhinitis, green snot is mixed with purulent contents. If the causative agent is a virus, then the discharge is not thick and transparent. Allergic rhinitis does not go away for a long time when used vasoconstrictors- this is its main difference. Rhinitis acquires a protracted character, constantly occurs upon contact with an allergen.

In many children, snot appears without additional symptoms colds: cough, fever, enlargement of the tonsils in the nasopharynx and so on.

Runny nose treatment

The following types of drugs are used for treatment:

vasoconstrictor drugs: Nazivin, Otrivin, Tizin; they have different concentrations, according to which they are prescribed to children at 2 years, 7 months and from birth;
antiviral - Nazoferon;
antimicrobial: Protargol and Albucid;
antiallergic: Vibrocil, Allergodil;
isotonic based on sea water: Dolphin, Aqua Maris and others.

Vasoconstrictors - the basis of the treatment of any rhinitis

Vasoconstrictor drops narrow the lumen of the vessels of the nasal cavity. Vessels are the main source of fluid that leaks into the cavity of the nostrils and "turns" into snot. These drugs should not be used for more than 2 weeks, as they are addictive. Medicines are produced in various concentrations, so it is convenient to use them in pediatric practice.

Drops are not an etiological treatment, but they facilitate the delivery of the main drug to the nasal mucosa. That is, vasoconstrictor drugs must be administered before using antibacterial or antiviral drops.

Nazivin

The drug contains oxymetazoline, which binds to alpha-adrenergic receptors in the wall small vessels nose. As a result, the agent leads to a narrowing of their lumen and reduces the severity of edema and fluid release. Nazivin frees the nasal passages and improves nasal breathing. It also improves the condition of patients with pathology of the nasal and frontal sinuses. Begins to have a spasmodic effect 8-10 minutes after administration. The drug is contraindicated in patients with intraocular pressure and allergy to oxymetazoline.

Side effects of using Nazivin are:

sleep disorders;
headache;
dryness of the nasal mucosa.

In children under 1.5 years of age, sneezing may develop after administration of the drug, which will lead to the removal of the drug from the nose. Therefore, repeated and careful instillation of Nazivin is necessary. Children up to 12-9 months are recommended to inject 2 drops into each nasal passage three times a day, newborns - 1 drop twice a day. For children under 6 years old, the dosage is set by the doctor. Older children can be given a spray, which is applied 2-3 times a day.

Otrivin

This remedy contains xylometazoline, which is widely used in the practice of pediatricians. Otrivin also binds to alpha receptors and causes vasoconstriction. Eliminates redness and swelling of the walls of the nasal passages. Effectively copes with nasal congestion for 12 hours. Begins to act 5 minutes after administration.

Additionally, Otrivin contains levomenthol, which moisturizes the mucous membranes and prevents the development of dryness. Levomenthol has a refreshing effect, which leads to a narrowing of the vascular wall. To positive characteristics funds include an extremely low ability to penetrate into the vascular bed.

Do not use the drug for arrhythmia, increased heart rate, atherosclerosis, glaucoma, under the age of 12 months. With extreme caution, the drug is used in children with diabetes, seizures and at allergic diseases. Very rarely, it can cause unwanted reactions that manifest as burning or irritation at the injection site. They disappear on their own after the abolition of the use of drops.

Young children should be administered 1-2 drops 2 times a day, after 6 years you can use a spray and administer it 3 times a day. Xylometazoline cannot be used simultaneously with other adrenergic blockers (propranolol, bisoprolol, etc.).

Tizin

The drug contains tetrizoline as the main active ingredient. It also belongs to alpha-adrenergic blockers. After the introduction, Tizin begins to act within 1 minute and is active for 8-10 hours. He has a powerful vasoconstrictor effect, reduces the production of mucus in the nose and relieves congestion.

The drug is contraindicated in case of allergy to tetrizoline and with increased intraocular pressure.

In case of non-compliance with the regimen of administration, the use of the drug leads to the appearance the following symptoms: burning and redness of the mucous membrane in the nose. It is practically not absorbed into the systemic circulation, but with prolonged use (more than 1 month) causes a violation blood pressure and weakness of the body.

Children from 2 years old need to instill 3 drops every 4-5 hours. Older children are recommended to use a spray and inject 2 doses into each nostril up to 5 times a day. The use of the medicine in a young child should not exceed 3 days.

Antiviral nose drops

If the pediatrician is sure that the cause of snot is a viral infection, he prescribes Nazoferon as an etiotropic therapy. It should be administered after the nasal passages have been emptied using the above means.

Nazoferon contains interferon alpha, which has an immunomodulatory effect on children's body. It effectively copes with the influenza virus, adenovirus and parainfluenza. The mechanism of action of interferon is associated with a violation of the processes of viral nucleic acid synthesis, as a result of which pathogenic DNA is not integrated into a human cell and new viral cells are not formed.

You can not give medicine to children with severe allergic pathology, especially with intolerance to the additional components of the drug (trometamol, disodium edetate, potassium chloride). In other cases, Nazoferon acts without the development of any complications. It is prescribed even during pregnancy.

The drug is effective only in the first 5 days after the onset of symptoms.

After the introduction of the drug, it is necessary to pinch the nostril with your finger and distribute the medicine along the wall of the nose with a massage movement. The drug is prescribed for children from 1 month to 1 year, 1 drop 2 times a day. Older children need to instill 2 drops 4 times a day. The spray can only be used from 6-7 years. On average, the course of treatment is 5-6 days.

Drops with antibacterial effect

Antibacterial agents are also used after cleansing the nasal mucosa to open access for the action of the drug. In children's practice, Protargol and Albucid are used.

Sialor

Protargol in our country is registered under the trade name Sialor, the main component of the drug is silver proteinate. The drug has a pronounced antiseptic and antimicrobial action, but unlike the classical antibacterial agents, is not addictive. Protargol also has an anti-inflammatory effect. After contact with the nasal mucosa, the components of the drug form a protective film, under which the regeneration of inflamed tissue occurs faster. Protargol constricts blood vessels and slows down the course of inflammatory reactions. The mechanism of antibacterial action is associated with the bactericidal activity of active silver ions.

Sialor can lead to the development of itching and, if in contact with the eye, will cause redness. In this case, it is necessary to wash the organ of vision large quantity water.

For the treatment of children under the age of 3 years of age, 2 drops should be instilled into each nostril. Older people are prescribed 3-4 drops up to 5 times a day. After curing, Sialor does not have to be thrown away, it also fights infection in the eyes and is prescribed for urogenital pathology.

Albucid

The drug contains sodium sulfacyl. It belongs to the sulfanilamide group of antibiotics a wide range actions. Sulfacyl sodium has a bactericidal effect on many gram-positive bacteria: streptococci, staphylococci, clostridia, E. coli, and so on. According to instructions, Albucid applied as eye drops. But in our country, doctors use it to treat snot. This is due to the fact that sodium sulfacyl is not addictive and does not toxic injury on the internal organs of a small organism.

The drug effectively treats persistent rhinitis that conventional medicines cannot cope with. But the leading specialist in the field of pediatric medicine - Dr. Komarovsky - claims that Albucid cannot work effectively outside the humid environment of the anterior chamber of the eye. This is absent in the nose, so sodium sulfacyl is useless. Despite this, doctors prescribe this drug, and children tolerate it perfectly.

Antihistamines for a cold in children

Allergic rhinitis must be treated with special antihistamines, and not only drops, but also tablets should be taken. by the most effective means to get rid of allergic rhinitis Vibrocil and Allergodil are considered.

Vibrocil

The drug is produced in the form of a spray and drops. It includes phenylephrine and dimethindene. Phenylephrine belongs to the alpha group of adrenergic receptor stimulants, that is, it actively narrows the vascular wall. This helps to reduce swelling in the organ cavity. Dimetinden binds to histamine receptors - this is the main mediator and allergy factor. When binding to specific receptors, histamine cannot cause the release of allergic immunoglobulins, so congestion does not form.

The drug is not used in patients with infectious rhinitis and when using drugs from the group of MAO inhibitors. Also, with caution, it should be prescribed to children with diabetes mellitus and with a history of seizures. If administered incorrectly, Vibrocil can cause itching and dryness of the mucous membranes.

Babies from 5 months should instill 1 drop in each nostril up to 2 times a day. Children over 2-3 years of age are administered the medicine at intervals of every 8 hours, and older children - every 6 hours, 3 drops. The course of treatment depends on the cause of the appearance allergic rhinitis and can last for several weeks.

Allergodil

The drug can be purchased as a nasal spray, which includes azelastine. It is also a blocker histamine receptors. It causes a violation of the effects of serotonin and histamine, which provoke a runny nose and bronchospasm. After penetration into the nose, in the absence of congestion and obstruction, it begins to act after 15 minutes, and the effect lasts more than 10-12 hours. It can also be used for allergic conjunctivitis.

The drug is contraindicated in children under 4 years of age and in patients with acute kidney failure. This is due to the fact that not a large number of means penetrates inside, even when local use and is excreted in the urine. In case of violation of their activity, the substance is retained in the body and can cause a number of adverse reactions. For example: nausea, rash, dizziness.

The spray can be used by school-age children: you need to inject 1 press into the nose when an allergic reaction occurs.

Drops are prescribed to patients from 4 years old at a dosage of 2 drops in each nostril, which should be administered every 6 hours. The course of treatment depends on the severity of the clinic.

Nasal wash solutions

Isotonic solutions are used to wash the nose - they very effectively cope with swelling, help get rid of viral infection and bacterial rhinitis short term. The compositions are used as vasoconstrictors when they can no longer be used (more than 7 days) and for prophylaxis during the period high level morbidity.

Dolphin

The drug is a mixture of electrolytes, reminiscent of sea water after dilution. The composition of the powder includes sodium bicarbonate, sea salt, licorice and rose hips. For patients allergic to these plants, special formulations without herbs.

Before use powder must be dissolved in warm water , for introduction into the nasal cavity need to use special otorhinolaryngological device Dolphin . It represents a bottle with a piston, which, when pressed on the walls of the bottle, slowly introduces liquid into cavity nose, reminding soft shower.

The tool has a disinfecting and antimicrobial effect, prevents the development of inflammation in the nasal mucosa and relieves swelling. Dolphin is contraindicated in children under 4 years of age, with frequent nosebleeds and with a tumor of the facial part of the skull. If powders are used without a device, there is a risk of developing eustachitis or bleeding. With complete nasal congestion, vasoconstrictor drugs should be used before the introduction of isotonic saline.

Aqua Maris

The drug also contains a solution that resembles water in the sea. It is produced in the form of a spray and drops. The composition of the product includes magnesium and calcium ions, zinc, sodium chloride and an antiseptic - iodine. Additionally, Aqua Maris includes dexpanthenol - it accelerates the processes of restoration of the mucous membranes of the nose, essential oils - they improve immunity and have a softening effect.

The drug is contraindicated in case of complete congestion and bleeding from the vessels of the nose.

In the 3rd year of life, Aqua Maris spray is applied, which can be injected 2 times in each nostril every 6 hours. The solution is not addictive, so it can be used for several weeks. Drops are intended for the treatment of rhinitis in newborns and children under 2 years of age. To do this, inject 2 drops into the nasal passage up to 4 times a day.

The duration of therapy in children under 5 months of age should not exceed 14 days.

Aqua Maris nasal wash powder is available. Before use, it is required to prepare a solution from it, then insert the cannula into the nostril and bend over. Fluid will flow through one nasal passage and out the other. Then you need to remove the nose of the device and repeat the procedure with the other nostril.

Runny nose in children, especially under the age of 6-7 years, is so common that it is not perceived as individual disease, but most likely, as a state of the body with reduced immunity, which is accompanied by excessive discharge from the nose. For example, in babies at 2 months, a runny nose is physiological and does not require treatment.

But starting from the 6th month, when the child's teeth are climbing, the root cause of the appearance of snot can be called a large vascular permeability caused by an excessive rush of blood to the inflamed gums. However, if you do not follow the recommendations for caring for the nasopharynx, bacteria can join the nasal mucus, in which case it will not be possible to quickly cure a runny nose.

Most often, snot in a child of 2–3 years old appears against the background of simple hypothermia, which leads to sharp decline local immunity. The second reason why liquid and transparent snot appears is viruses. In both the first and second cases, in order to cure a runny nose quickly and without complications, you should follow the rules for caring for the baby, and also not complicate the treatment with excessive use of medications and serious drugs.

In order to quickly cure snot for a child, it is not at all necessary to use potent complex preparations or to instill drops made according to folk recipes. It is enough to help the child's body cope with the disease on its own, observing general recommendations care of children during a runny nose from birth to 6-7 years.

Daily regime

If a child has snot, this is not at all a reason to put him to bed and cancel his daily walk. On the contrary, during movement and games, children receive the energy necessary to overcome the disease. And walks in the fresh air are useful for any diseases of the respiratory tract, whether it is a runny nose or even pneumonia.

Food

The menu of a child who is 2–3 years old should not be changed, but in the diet of babies 5–6 years old, foods that are digested for a long time, such as meat, legumes, mushrooms, should be excluded. Also, you should not eat highly allergenic foods during rhinitis, for example, eggs, honey, berries. Drinking mode. During an illness caused by viruses or bacteria, a large amount of toxins are released into the child's body, which can be neutralized by increasing the amount of water drunk per day. Pure water or warm tea, also prevent the nasal mucosa from drying out.

Hygiene

The snot of a child contains special proteins that can eliminate the infection, but in order for the nasal mucus to be updated, it is necessary to eliminate the used one several times a day. A child at 2 years old can be helped to remove snot with an aspirator or cotton swabs, while a baby at 3-4 years old is already able to blow his nose on his own.

Indoor microclimate

In order for the nasal mucosa not to dry out, it is necessary to ventilate and humidify the air in the room. Many parents at the first sneeze of the baby close all windows and turn on additional sources heat is completely wrong, because with hot, dry air, the probability of bacteria attaching increases five times, since the overdried mucous membrane is not able to fight infection.

At viral rhinitis the child’s immunity can cope with the infection on its own, all that is necessary for this is to follow all the above recommendations and additionally moisturize the baby’s nose.

Medical therapy

No matter how old the child is, but the parents cannot realize that in order to cure the viral catarrhal runny nose an arsenal of medicines is not needed. For this reason, many pediatricians prescribe the most harmless drugs for children with a runny nose - moisturizers.

aqua maris

For babies who are 2-3 years old, it is advisable to purchase such products in the form of nasal drops, a child of 6-7 years old can use moisturizers in the form of an aerosol. More often than others, pediatricians recommend moisturizers with active substance- No-salt, Nazomarin, Aqua Maris, Marimer.

Protargol

For bacterial rhinitis, the symptoms of which are thick, yellow-green snot, do without antibacterial drugs or antiseptics will not work. Babies from six months and older doctors recommend antimicrobial therapy Protargol for 4-5 days. The drug is injected into each nostril with a pipette 1 drop 3 times a day. Before administering Protargol, dried snot should be moistened with a solution of sodium chloride and the child's nose should be cleaned.

Pinosol

Children from 3 years old can use Pinosol to eliminate bacteria - oily drops with essential oils that have an antiseptic, moisturizing and healing effect. Pinosol is not recommended for children under three years of age, like all oily suspensions, because of the risk of oil pneumonia if the drug enters the lungs.

In acute bacterial rhinitis, hormonal vasoconstrictor drugs can be used, as well as topical antibiotics. Treatment of such complications occurs in a complex, under the supervision of a physician.

At severe congestion nose to facilitate breathing or before the introduction of antibacterial drugs, children can drip vasoconstrictor drops, such as Nazol baby or

Otrivin baby

However, do not forget that this group drugs will not be able to cure a runny nose and eliminate snot, but only quickly relieves the symptom of congestion. Excessive abuse of such drugs leads to impaired vascular innervation and can lead to chronic drug-induced rhinitis, and in children under 2 years of age cause paralysis of the facial nerve.

Procedures

Accelerate recovery, perhaps by applying several affordable and effective procedures.

warming up

Snot resulting from hypothermia on a walk can be quickly cured by applying dry heat compresses. To do this, a hard-boiled egg wrapped in flannel cloth is applied to the child's sinuses. You can also warm up buckwheat in the oven and fill linen bags with it, which can also be applied to the nose.

Washing

Babies from 5 years old can carry out the procedure for washing the nasal cavity with saline. To do this, you can use a special device for flushing, which can be purchased at a pharmacy, or you can inject the flushing liquid with a disposable syringe with a flexible, rubber nozzle.

With inflammation of the nasal mucosa appears. Rhinitis is very often observed in children, especially in the autumn-winter period. Parents should remember that snot does not always indicate an inflammatory process.

Other causes of snot in children:

Injury
Increase
Foreign body on the mucous membrane
Wrong position
Insufficient humidity in the room
Dehydration
Adenoiditis

A runny nose may appear when long-term use vasoconstrictor drugs. It is impossible to treat a runny nose with such means, they are intended to facilitate breathing.

A common cause of snot is an enlarged adenoid. Discharge from the nose this process Green colour.AT rare cases snot appears from behind improper development nasal septum. For some reason, the development of the bones of the nose is disturbed even in childhood. In this case, surgical intervention is indicated to eliminate the snot.

With, parainfluenza, ARVI or ARI, the snot in a child will be transparent. Children inhale air along with viruses that enter the mucous membrane. As a result, snot develops over several days.

In addition to a runny nose, the child has the following symptoms:

lacrimation
and ears
body enhancement

Microbes and viruses break the integrity of the shell, causing the transparent snot to become thick and yellow-green in color. This indicates the addition of a bacterial infection.

Colorless snot may indicate allergic rhinitis.

The child has abundant transparent selection from the nose are accompanied by sneezing, burning and itching in the nasal passages, headache and lacrimation.Yellow and green snot may indicate the appearance or frontitis. In this case, you should definitely consult a doctor and prevent the transition of the disease into a chronic form.

Snot in a child occurs according to a certain pattern. First, mucosal edema is observed, then mucus is produced and the inflammatory process itself begins.Nasal discharge is produced by the nasal mucosa and contains various cells. The doctor, based on the results of a swab taken from the nose, will determine the cause of the appearance and prescribe treatment.

Medical treatment

To facilitate nasal breathing, local or systemic decongestants are used. The action of these drugs is aimed at narrowing the vessels of the nasal mucosa. Due to this, swelling is reduced and breathing is restored.

Drugs for the treatment of the common cold are not recommended to be used alone. The doctor considers the condition one year old baby and after that, a medicine is prescribed in a certain. After the child is 1 year old, drugs such as Nazol Baby, Derinat, Oxymetazoline, etc. are prescribed.

Nazivin is instilled no more than 3 times a day for 5 days. Nazol Baby is used 2 drops in each nasal passage every 6 hours. Derinat treatment can last about 10 days. The duration of use of the drug and the dosage is prescribed by the doctor.If rhinitis viral origin, it is important to prevent the reproduction of viruses. For this purpose, Viferon, Laferon, Neovir, etc. are prescribed.

In childhood with right approach You can get rid of snot within a week.

With strong immunity, rhinitis lasts for 2-3 days, and with a weakened immune system, it can be protracted.If necessary, use antipyretic drugs. Independent application drugs can lead to serious adverse reactions: anxiety, irritability, drug rhinitis and etc.

Alternative treatment

The best folk recipes:

When effectively applied using a decoction of chamomile, mint or sage. You can use an inhaler or use the old proven method - inhale the vapors over the pan, covered with a towel. However, children do not like this method due to the effect of steam on the face and eyes.
In this case, you can use a heating pad. Pour the prepared solution, wrap terry towel and let the child breathe. it is better to carry out after a meal, since after the procedure you can not eat for a while.
Garlic will help get rid of green snot. Take a head of garlic, pour oil and leave for 12 hours. Use olive or sunflower oil. After the time has elapsed, instill each nasal passage garlic oil. There will be a slight burning sensation, but it will pass in a few seconds.
Good for rhinitis onion juice diluted with water. Take a small onion, chop, put in cheesecloth and squeeze out the juice. Then mix it with warm water in a ratio of 1:1. You can also use garlic instead of onions.
An effective remedy is a honey-onion mixture. Make a pulp from the onion and mix with honey in equal proportions. Give this mixture to the child half an hour before meals.
You can cure snot with beet juice. cook beetroot juice and wash their nose. You can clean your nose from liquid snot with the help of beetroot turundas. Grate the beets and wrap the resulting mass into tubes with gauze. Next, insert the turundas into the nose and keep them for 1-2 hours. This method of treating snot is not suitable for all children.
efficient healing remedy from the common cold is the juice. Cut off a small leaf of the plant, rinse well, and only then squeeze the juice. Then dilute boiled water in a ratio of 1:10. In each nasal passage should be instilled 2-3 drops no more than 5 times a day.

Snot from allergies

In allergic rhinitis, contact with allergens should be avoided. allergies in this case will disappear. To determine the irritant, allergy tests are often performed.

The basic rule in the treatment of rhinitis is to systematically clear the nasal passages. You can use a saline solution or purchase at a pharmacy. Isotonic solution favorably affects the nasal mucosa and restores its integrity. This drug is not antiallergic, but can be used in complex treatment snot caused by allergies.

To reduce allergic reactions, children are prescribed drugs with anticholinergic action, glucocorticosteroids.

If the cause of snot is an allergy, then antihistamine drugs are prescribed to alleviate the condition of the child:

Fenistil
Loratadine
Anti Allergin
Claretin and others.

These medications help relieve itching, runny nose, and sneezing. Antihistamines are prescribed in the form of drops or. After using the drug, the condition improves after 10-15 minutes.

Nasal steroid preparations have anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic and immunosuppressive effects. Such drugs are Nasonex, Avamys, etc. The main advantage of corticosteroids is that they are not addictive and can be used for a long time. Such drugs are especially effective in year-round allergic rhinitis.

More information about the treatment of the common cold can be found in the video.

When using sprays, the effect is immediately observed, the anti-allergic effect is achieved a few hours after the use of the drug. Corticosteroid sprays work effectively if used before the first symptoms appear.

In allergic rhinitis, herbal medicine and homeopathy are very effective.

To avoid exacerbation of seasonal rhinitis, drug prophylaxis should be carried out several months before the expected start.drugs are determined by the doctor, self-treatment will only worsen the condition of the child.

Prevention of the common cold

In order to prevent the appearance of snot, you should follow all the recommendations of the pediatrician:

The air in the room where the child is located must be humid. Dry air provokes the reproduction of many pathogenic bacteria. Wet cleaning should be carried out at least 2 times a day.
Ventilate the room regularly to reduce the amount of viruses in the air.
When snot appears, the child needs to be helped to blow his nose. You can use special devices- pear, aspirator, etc.
It is important to ensure that the secreted mucus does not stagnate and as a result a crust does not form. For this purpose, the nose can be instilled with a weak solution of sea salt. In half a liter of warm boiled water, add a small spoonful of salt and stir. Drip saline into each nasal passage while lying down.
When going out, dress your child according to the weather.
The child should be protected from communicating with people with a cold and avoid a place where a large number of people accumulate.
It is important to strengthen children's immunity. To do this, perform hardening and physical exercises. The child's diet should contain all the necessary nutrients.
Timely treat colds.
To prevent allergic rhinitis, contact with allergens should be avoided.

Compliance preventive measures will help to avoid the appearance. must be adhered to these recommendations not to waste time and energy on rhinitis in children.