Vitamin e for prevention how to take. Additional sources of vitamin E. Interaction with other elements

What is this vitamin. In what cases is it necessary to take it. How much and for how long you need to drink it. Vitamin E is a powerful antioxidant, the action of which is aimed at strengthening immune system, slowing down the aging of the body, preventing the development of malignant tumors and solving a number of other problems. Proper and timely intake of tocopherol (the second name of the vitamin) is a chance to improve skin condition and eliminate a lot of problems for women (including during pregnancy).

But what is the right way to drink vitamin E? What benefits does it give the body? What secrets to pay attention to in the admission process?

Benefits for women and men

The intake of tocopherol in suitable dosages provides the following result:

• Slowing down the aging process. It is proved that the action of the substance is aimed at eliminating harmful action free radicals on body cells.
• A positive effect on the work of the circulatory system, which also affects the work of sexual function.
• Protection of testosterone molecules from destruction, which normalizes the hormonal background.
• Participation in the process of cellular respiration.
• Elimination of the problem of infertility, increasing the likelihood of fertilization.

Men and women should know how to take vitamin E, because the effectiveness of the supplement and the result obtained depend on it. In men with a deficiency of tocopherol, malfunctions in the work of skeletal muscles, in the reproductive and circulatory systems are possible. The element is no less important for women, because its action is aimed at normalizing the work of the gonads and improving the general condition during pregnancy.

At the same time, tocopherol is increasingly being prescribed to women due to the following effects:

• help in the restoration of the monthly cycle;
• elimination of nervousness, providing additional energy;
• restoration of the mammary glands.

In pharmacology, tocopherol is available in two forms:

The composition of the substance contains three main components - hydrogen, carbon and oxygen. The most popular form is capsules, which contain 0.1 or 0.2 grams of the active ingredient.

Why drink vitamin E capsules? Doctors explain the appointment of such a drug with its antioxidant and radioprotective effects. It has already been proven that tocopherol is involved in the production of proteins and metabolic processes organism. After entering the stomach, the substance quickly enters the bloodstream, and then to the most distant cells.

There is an opinion that it is better to drink tocopherol in liquid form. But it is not so. If we compare capsules and liquid in terms of effectiveness, then there is practically no difference.

How to drink vitamin E capsules? Here it is worth considering a number of nuances:

• Supplementation should be taken after consulting a doctor. Indications for use may be pregnancy, muscle pain, eye disease, diseases of the building tissue, and so on.
• How much is needed per day? Single serving - 0.1-0.4 grams. The maximum norm, which is forbidden to exceed - 1 gram. For children, the supplement is prescribed from the age of 12 at a dosage of 0.1 gram.

• risk of miscarriage;
• disruption of the sex glands;
• rheumatism or arthritis;
• muscle dysfunction;
• spinal cord injury and so on.

In the presence of problems with the skin, blood pressure, as well as diabetes and psoriasis, complex therapy is carried out using other drugs.

What is the correct way to take vitamin E liquid in terms of dosage? Here much depends on the type of disease:

• for problems with blood vessels - 100 mg;
• for skin diseases - 20-100 mg;
• in case of malfunction of the sex glands - 200-300 mg.

Often tocopherol is prescribed:

• During pregnancy. This drug is rightfully considered a childbearing vitamin. That is why it is recommended for both parents. So, in women, the element contributes to the qualitative fixation of the embryo to the egg, and in men - to accelerate the production of sperm, an increase in sperm activity. The main thing to pay attention to is the dosage. During pregnancy, the daily rate is set only by a doctor. At the same time, it is recommended to take the supplement in the second phase of the menstruation cycle.
• With a climax. It has already been proven that taking tocopherol has a positive effect on the ovaries by stimulating their activity. In addition, the drug reduces blood pressure, strengthens blood vessels and normalizes the production of estrogen. Dosage for menopause - 150-200 mg per day. The duration of treatment is 2 weeks. The total number of courses per year is 4-5.

• It has been proven that tocopherol is best absorbed when taken on a full stomach, but some time before the main meal.
• An ideal option is to eat fruits and nuts an hour before meals, and then drink a vitamin. After 50-60 minutes, you can sit down at the table.
• To ensure better absorption, it is recommended to drink the capsules at the same time as rose hips, green onions, oranges and other products that contain ascorbic acid.
• The optimal time for taking is in the morning.
• Many are interested in whether it is possible to take vitamins A and E at the same time. It's even useful. It is believed that a joint intake accelerates the processes of splitting elements and their assimilation in the body.
• It is not recommended to combine tocopherol with fat-containing foods that are enriched with iron. The negative effect of this substance and its ability to destroy vitamin E has already been proven.
• Antibiotics and tocopherol cannot be combined. Otherwise, the effect of the latter will be leveled.
• The dosage of the supplement is always individual and depends on the presence of chronic diseases and other factors.
• Only the systemic intake of the supplement guarantees the result.

Contraindications and overdose

The main contraindications to taking tocopherol:

• myocardial infarction;
• cardiosclerosis;
• age up to 12 years.

How long can vitamin E be taken? The average duration of taking the supplement is 1-2 months. The course of treatment is recommended to be repeated after a break of 60-90 days.

It is also worth knowing that taking a substance for more than two months can cause an overdose and is dangerous for the body. Duration varies according to current issues:

• during pregnancy and the threat of miscarriage - up to 2 weeks;
• in the presence of heart disease - up to 3 weeks;
• with problems with erection - 30 days;
• with diseases of the muscles or joints - 60 days.

Consequences of an overdose:

• nausea;
• allergy;
• thrombophlebitis;
• fatigue;
• dizziness;
• diarrhea.

In the most difficult cases, the following manifestations are possible:

• sepsis;
• kidney failure;
• disruptions in hormonal metabolism.

proteinfo.ru

❶ How to take vitamin E

Vitamin E performs an important function in the body. As an antioxidant, it fights free radicals and protects against them fatty acids essential for cell membranes. In addition, it prevents premature skin aging, the development of cardiovascular diseases and atherosclerosis. The source of this vitamin is unrefined vegetable oils, butter, eggs, milk, walnuts and peanuts. But if the diet is not rich in them, it is better to take vitamin E in addition.
If the food contains little vitamin E, healthy fats are destroyed and the production of its own anti-inflammatory substances is reduced. You can make up for its deficiency with the help of an additional intake. Unlike other fat-soluble organic compounds vitamin E does not cause a toxic reaction when long-term use. But, nevertheless, the dosage is important to observe. The most common form of release of vitamin E is oil solution in capsules. Its recommended dose is 10 mg, which is equal to 10,000 IU. For pregnant and lactating - 16 mg. The course of admission can be up to 2-3 months, in combination with vitamin A - no more than 1-2 months. Oversaturation of the body with the second can cause toxic poisoning. If there are signs such as nausea, dyspeptic disorders, increased pressure, night sweats, itching all over the body, cracks in the corners of the mouth, muscle and joint pain, the drug should be discontinued. The use of vitamin E can be in an increased dosage in the treatment of infertility, atherosclerosis, heart disease, visual impairment. However, in these cases, the daily requirement and course is determined by the doctor, depending on the patient's condition. You can independently take vitamin E in a prophylactic dosage 2-3 times a year, especially if there are characteristic signs of its deficiency. These include visual impairment, dry and sagging skin, hair loss and brittleness, frequent inflammatory processes, nervousness, irritability, absent-mindedness, and the appearance of pigmentation-like spots on the skin. Before the start of the beach season or the intention to tan in a solarium, vitamin E should be taken in advance, about 2 months in advance, since it needs time to accumulate in the body and become active. Only in this case will it be able to fulfill its antioxidant properties, which are simply necessary under ultraviolet irradiation. After all, the sun can increase the formation of free radicals, causing premature aging skin, and the whole body. Vitamin E can be used as additional ingredient in the preparation of homemade masks for hair and skin. It is essential for their health and beauty. For middle length two capsules of an oily solution are enough for hair, and one for skin. Vitamin E is very useful for women planning to have a baby. It helps to normalize the production of female sex hormones, stabilize the monthly cycle, thereby increasing the likelihood of conception. In addition, a sufficient amount of vitamin E in the body of a pregnant woman significantly reduces the risk of miscarriage.
Vitamin E is found in many foods. Season salads and cereals with various vegetable oils - sunflower, olive, corn. A large amount of this vitamin contains liver, eggs, milk, sea buckthorn, buckwheat, as well as wheat germ and soybeans. If you want to have a snack between meals or just want to eat, prepare vegetable salad seasoned with vegetable oil. Do not expose foods containing vitamin E to heat treatment and freezing. Keep your weight as normal as possible. Vitamin E accumulates in fatty tissues, so if you lose weight, along with extra pounds, the reserves of useful vitamin will also go away, and if you gain weight, an excess of the vitamin will appear, which is no less harmful. Take vitamin E in tablets or capsules only on the recommendation of a doctor who will prescribe the dosage you need. Take the vitamin either separately or as part of vitamin complexes, the main thing is that its daily dose does not exceed 7-10 mg, and during pregnancy - 10-15 mg. After 2-3 months, take a break from taking the drug. Take vitamin in the morning after meals. It is strictly forbidden to take it on an empty stomach. Drink vitamins in capsules with water, but not with milk, carbonated drinks, juices, etc. Be careful about taking vitamin E if you are taking other medications or vitamins, anticoagulants, or supplements containing iron and vitamin K. Be sure to check with your doctor about possible consequences. Vitamin E has side effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or an allergic reaction.

Vitamin E is produced by both domestic and foreign manufacturers, each of which offers different concentration in one tablet (capsule).

• how to take vitamin e

www.kakprosto.ru

How to drink vitamin E

Vitamins are substances that contribute to the normal functioning of the body (with their deficiency, failures in the work of various organs and systems occur). Vitamin E is one of the key elements in the chain of such important and useful elements for people. With its lack, a person has a feeling of fatigue, an unhealthy appearance of the skin appears, and chronic diseases become aggravated. In this article, we will try to understand how important vitamin E is and how it should be used.

What is Vitamin E for?

Vitamin E is called by many doctors the “elixir of youth”. And it's not just that. This substance is the strongest antioxidant, thanks to it, cells and tissues acquire resistance to various kinds of environmental influences. As a result, there is an improvement in the condition of the skin, nails and hair, the healing of cuts and wounds, and in general, the “life extension” of the body.

In addition to all of the above, vitamin E has a beneficial effect on metabolic processes, strengthens the walls of the vascular system, preventing the formation of blood clots, and accelerates growth. muscle mass.

The vitamin in question also increases the ability to conceive in women, and in men it improves sexual function.

I must say that doctors identify a number of signs by which it is possible to determine the lack of vitamin E. These include the following aspects:

• failure in the menstrual cycle in women;
• dysfunction of the reproductive system in men;
• decreased sexual desire (observed in both women and men).
• poor condition of hair and skin;
• decreased visual acuity;
• sweating;
• dryness of the mucous membrane;
• risk of miscarriage;
• a sharp mood swing;
• depressive state.

Let us draw your attention to the fact that with an excess of vitamin E, unpleasant consequences can also occur: allergic reactions and even poisoning. Thus, it should be used strictly in accordance with the instructions and recommendations of doctors.

Dosage

So that the tissues and cells of the body are not subject to deformation and destruction, at least 400 IU-600 IU of a substance per day must enter the body.

• for adults: 10 mg;
• for children - 5 mg.

How much vitamin E to take

• for patients with muscular dystrophy, diseases of the neuromuscular system or joints - 200 mg (course duration is 1-2 months).
• for patients suffering from skin diseases - 200-400 mg (the course of treatment is about a month).
• pregnant women who are at risk of miscarriage should drink 100 mg (for a week or two).
• men to increase potency - 100-300 mg (duration of admission - approximately one month).

For the treatment of eye and cardiovascular diseases, vitamin E is combined with vitamin A. In such a situation, the daily dose of vitamin E should be 100-200 mg (course duration - 2-3 weeks).

How to take vitamin E

We remind you that for the intake of all vitamins, next rule: They should be consumed in the morning after breakfast. It is not recommended to drink them on an empty stomach, 30-60 minutes before meals. Required condition for the absorption of vitamin E is the presence of at least a minimum amount of fat in the stomach.

Thus, doctors advise eating pumpkin or sunflower seeds, nuts, which contain vegetable fats, before taking vitamin E for breakfast. Approximately thirty minutes after a meal, you should drink a capsule (tablet).

Let us draw your attention to the fact that vitamin E can only be washed down with clean water. drinking water(do not use milk, coffee, juice, soda for these purposes, as they will interfere with the absorption process useful substances).

In addition, vitamin E should not be used in conjunction with antibiotics, as well as some other medications. In any case, before starting the course, you should consult with your doctor, as well as carefully read the instructions for using the drug, especially with contraindications.

If the package does not say that the tablets are chewable, then they should be swallowed whole, without biting into separate parts. Otherwise, the vitamin will be destroyed in oral cavity without reaching the target. To improve absorption, the drug in question should be drunk together with ascorbic acid (as an option, with citrus fruits, green onions, wild rose).

Foods containing vitamin E

As noted above, vitamin E is fat-soluble, while it does not dissolve in water, does not lend itself to the action of high temperature, acid, alkali. The substance is not destroyed by boiling. However, on outdoors, light, under the influence of ultraviolet rays, vitamin E cannot remain in products for a long period of time.

The substance in question is found in large quantities in the liver, egg yolk, and milk. As a source of alpha-tocopherol can be fresh vegetables. At the same time, it must be said that in a frozen product, the amount of vitamin decreases several times, in canned products it is completely absent. In a small amount, alpha-tocopherol is found in margarine, but in this case it is not very active.

• in cereals;
• in legumes;
• in beef;
• in dairy products;
• in halibut;
• in broccoli;
• in butter;
• in herring;
• in cod;
• in corn, soybean, sunflower, cottonseed oil.

Vitamin E is also found in carrots, radishes, cucumbers, oatmeal, potatoes, green leafy vegetables, and onions.

A large amount is also found in herbs, namely in:

• in alfalfa;
• in raspberry leaves;
• in dandelion;
• in nettles;
• in rose hips;
• in flax seeds.

At balanced diet nutrition, a person receives a sufficient amount of vitamin E, however modern style life is increasingly leading to the fact that people are diagnosed with a lack of vitamin E in the body.

opitanii.net

Vitamin E: how to drink

• How to use a vitamin without harm?
• Matter properties
• Vitamin E for rehabilitation

A key element in the chain of important substances necessary for the body is vitamin E, not everyone knows how to drink it. Many, hearing about the miraculous properties of the drug that affect beauty, abuse it and then reap the fruits of their indiscretion. Arise allergic manifestations(spots on the face), possible poisoning. Therefore, the use of vitamin E must be agreed with the doctor.

If vitamin E is not enough, a person is visited by fatigue, an unhealthy skin color appears, and chronic ailments are bothered. As soon as we start taking this vitamin, our cells become more resistant to environmental influences, the appearance of the skin improves, hair grows well, nails grow stronger, and wounds heal faster. This is due to the antioxidant, which is vitamin E. It also strengthens the body from the inside: the walls of blood vessels become stronger, the likelihood of blood clots is reduced. Scientists have identified its impact on the ability of women to quickly become pregnant.

An important vitamin: indications for use

Doctors have long noticed the characteristics by which you can find out if there is a lack of this vitamin in the body:

1. Deviations in the menstrual cycle.
2. Disorders of the sexual sphere in men.
3. Decreased libido in both sexes.
4. Sickly complexion.
5. Visual impairment.
6. Excessive sweating even in cold weather.
7. Dry skin and mucous membranes.
8. Unstable mental states, mood swings.
9. Depression.

There are a number of conditions when taking vitamin E is necessary:

1. Avitaminosis diagnosed by a doctor.
2. bad development muscle mass, its degeneration.
3. Pregnancy with threatened miscarriage.
4. Low birth weight of the baby.
5. Climax.
6. Deviations in the functioning of the glands, especially the sex.
7. Vascular dystonia and other diseases of the cardiovascular system.
8. Angina.
9. cirrhosis, hepatitis.
10. epileptic seizures.
11. Arthritis, arthrosis, osteochondrosis.
12. Sclerosis.
13. Skin diseases not caused by an allergy to the drug (dermatitis, psoriasis).
14. Burns, injuries.

This medicine is also prescribed for intense physical exertion. Professional athletes, as experts advise, should take vitamin E courses. Its properties include the ability to prevent the effects of free radicals, remove toxins and toxins. The substance contributes to the saturation of cells, tissues and body systems with oxygen, protects red blood cells, and improves blood flow.

Greetings, my wonderful readers. I have been preparing this material for a long time. Thought it would be easy. Well, what can I write - a very useful vitamin, about which everything has already been said for a long time. But it so happened that I recently bought a book Transcend, which describes the latest research in medicine. I discovered a lot of new things for myself, something even shocked me. Vitamin E was especially striking. I will tell you about it today.

By the way, I highly recommend this book to anyone who wants to “pump” their health. It gives specific recommendations - which vitamin supplements are best taken and at what age. No advertising - only research, conclusions and what to do.

Numerous studies confirm positive use this element on our body. For example, one of the largest was a study that lasted for 9 years. 11,000 elderly people aged 67 to 105 participated. The result was a shocking discovery. It turns out that with the joint intake of vitamins E + C, overall mortality is reduced by 34%. The number of cases of coronary heart disease also decreased by 47% ( 1 ).

Vitamin E is 8 similar, but at the same time different compounds. They are divided into 2 classes of components: tocopherols and tocotrienols. Each class has 4 different compounds, for a total of 8.

A good diet or supplement contains all 8 compounds. But we will focus on only two of them: alpha-tocopherol and gamma-tocopherol. The other six compounds are beta-tocopherol, delta-tocopherol, alpha-tocotrienol, beta-tocotrienol, gamma-tocotrienol, and delta-tocotrienol.

The figure shows the structure of alpha and gamma tocopherol molecules. I think you noticed that the only real difference is in the "head" (on the left side). It protects against free radicals and oxidation. The structural difference between the molecules is small. But it determines how substances behave in the body.

Antioxidant activity of D-Alpha-tocopherol - 100, and D-gamma tocopherol - 130

Pharmaceutical companies pay more attention to the extraction of alpha-tocopherol. The reason for its popularity is that it is more easily isolated and synthesized compared to other constituents. Therefore, almost all pharmacy supplements called "vitamin E" contain only alpha tocopherol acetate.

How does it work

Vitamin E is still the main antioxidant that protects our body from the effects of free radicals. So, free radicals are "cell renegades". They cause serious damage by changing the biochemical structure of cells. These "pests" can even damage DNA.

Scientists believe that due to the molecular chaos created by free radicals, various diseases develop. Many researchers are convinced that the cumulative effect of free radicals is hallmark aging people.

Think back to elementary chemistry: molecules are made up of atoms. Every atom is made up of a nucleus at the center and electrons that travel around it. The main thing here is that the electrons are in pairs. Free radicals are missing one electron in their outer shell.

The molecule does not like to be in this state. As a result, she frantically searches for a way to bring herself into stable state. Unable to withstand such a situation, a free radical steals an electron from its own kind. As a result, a chain reaction starts. One free radical steals an electron from another molecule, turning it into a free radical. And he again steals from the other, and so on.

When a free radical damages DNA, the genetic mutation is passed on to other cells. Sadly, this situation provokes the appearance of cancerous tumors. Imagine what would happen if free radicals formed freely. They would accumulate, accumulate, and then they would simply kill us.

But here, under the pleas of good molecules, “superheroes” appear 🙂 These are antioxidants. They donate their electrons so that free radicals don't steal them from molecules that perform important functions.

What does the body need

Vitamin E is a fat-soluble element that acts as an antioxidant. He is the protector of our cells from the effects of carcinogens and toxins. Found in many foods, including some oils, nuts, poultry, eggs, and fruits. Also available as a supplement in the form of supplements.

And this element is also a vitamin of "reproduction". By the way, this corresponds to its second name "tocopherol". Translated from Greek, toсos means “offspring”, phero means “to give birth”. Therefore, "tocopherol" literally translates as "bearing offspring." It is important during pregnancy for the full development of the fetus and the prevention of miscarriage. It is also prescribed for conception.

In addition, this element is used for:

• prevention of thrombophlebitis;
• prevention of angina pectoris;
• prevention of arteriosclerosis;
• lowering the level of total cholesterol;
• maintaining blood levels;
• improve blood circulation in the limbs;
• stroke prevention;
• strengthening immunity;
• well-coordinated work of the muscular system;
• protection of the thymus, hypothalamus and adrenal cortex from destruction;
• reducing the symptoms of menopause (prescribed and with a delay in menstruation);
• fight against inflammatory processes;
• prevent the development of cataracts.

And it is very important for the skin. Therefore, vitamin E for the face is often prescribed. Tocopherol is also actively used.

What does it contain

The best way to get vitamin E is to eat food with high content this element. Such sources are a balanced combination of the necessary components. They provide complete protection against free radicals.

Whole grains, nuts, dark green vegetables, and some fruits are good sources of this element. Rich in tocopherol and vegetable oils. However, refined oils contain 2/3 less vitamin E than cold-pressed products.

The table below presents to your attention products containing tocopherol in large quantities. The data are given at a consumption rate of 15 mg (the indicator is taken as 100%).

Tocopherol contained in food is resistant to acids and alkalis. It practically does not collapse at a temperature of 170-200 degrees. With such methods of heat treatment at home as cooking, preservation, sterilization, the content of vitamin E almost does not change.

However (paradoxically) when frying in a pan, most of the tocopherol is lost. Ultraviolet rays are also detrimental to this vitamin - the lion's share of the element is destroyed.

Deficiency symptoms

Serious tocopherol deficiency is rare. However, the possibility of its occurrence should not be ruled out. A serious shortage of this element is manifested as follows:

• Decreased sexual activity. The production of hormones decreases, resulting in dysfunction of the uterus. This often leads to infertility.
• Premature newborns (weighing less than 3.5 kg). For children, the deficiency is extremely dangerous - they have not formed the process of assimilation of fats. In such babies, tocopherol deficiency manifests itself in damage to the retina or infectious diseases.
• Dystrophy of the heart muscle with premature death of red blood cells.
• Softening of the brain (the cerebellum suffers the most).
• "Goosebumps" on the skin, numbness of the limbs, impaired coordination of movement. In addition, against the background of these symptoms, muscular dystrophy can occur.
• The appearance of age spots on the skin.
• Damage to liver cells.
• Nervousness, depression, insomnia and other signs of a neurological disorder.

Benefits of drinking

By consuming foods rich in this vitamin, you will get great benefits for your health. Let me tell you about the main ones:

• Cholesterol balance. Cholesterol is a substance produced in the liver. When its level is in balance, the body is healthy. When oxidized, cholesterol becomes dangerous. Studies have shown that vitamin E serves as a protective antioxidant that combats this factor ( 1 ).
• Skin youth. Vitamin E helps to strengthen the walls of capillaries, and also accelerates their regeneration. The skin becomes more hydrated and firm. Studies have shown that tocopherol helps reduce inflammation on the body and on the skin. And for the face, it is incredibly useful. Tocopherol contributes to the maintenance of healthy and youthful skin ( 2 ). Also, taking vitamins E + C together can be helpful in reducing the signs of acne and eczema.
• Hormone balance. This element plays an important role in the balance of the endocrine and nervous systems ( 3 ). Hormonal imbalance symptoms can include PMS, overweight, allergies, urinary tract infections, skin changes. They also include anxiety and fatigue. By keeping your hormones in balance, it will be easier for you to maintain a healthy weight and regular menstrual cycle. Taking tocopherol 2-3 days before and 2-3 days after your period can reduce PMS symptoms. are minimized pain and duration of bleeding. And, of course, you will feel more energetic 🙂

• Improves eyesight. Vitamin E may help reduce the risk of age-related macular degeneration, which is common cause blindness. Keep in mind that E must be taken in conjunction with other elements to be effective. You need to absorb it with vitamin C, and zinc. In addition, taking high doses of vitamin E and vitamin A has been found to be very beneficial. This duo speeds up regeneration and improves vision in people who have undergone laser eye surgery.
• Helps people with Alzheimer's disease. Tocopherol slows the deterioration of memory loss and functional disorders in people with Alzheimer's disease moderate. Taking E + C in tandem can reduce the risk of developing some forms of dementia ( 4 ).

Daily rate

Daily intake is measured in milligrams (mg) and international units (IU). How much to take depends on age. In Russia, various dosages are officially recognized depending on gender and age:

For kids:

For adults:

Tocopherol obtained from food is absorbed only by 20% - 50%. And even then, if the products did not lie on the shelves of the store for a long time. This is especially true for fruits and vegetables.

An additional amount of tocopherol is needed for:

• hypovitaminosis;
• muscular dystrophy;
• selenium deficiency;
• excessive stress;
• taking contraceptive and hormonal drugs;
• recovery of the body after surgery;
• presence in the diet a large number food rich ;
• epilepsy;
• scleroderma and malnutrition (in pediatrics);
• violation of the menstrual cycle;
• diseases of the tendon-ligament apparatus.

Also, people who are regularly exposed to hazardous toxic substances need additional vitamin E intake.

Instructions for use

If the body is not getting enough vitamin E from food, supplements that you can buy at the pharmacy can be of help. They produce liquid tocopherol (in ampoules or bottles), in capsules or tablets. The price of the drug depends on the form of its release, dosage and other factors.

But as I wrote above, in most cases it's all alpha-tocopherol. Therefore, when buying supplements, make sure that alpha and gamma tocopherols are indicated in the ingredients. Or else they write all forms of tocopherols are present ».

I confess that so far I have not been able to find such vitamin complexes in our pharmacies. Could only find iherb. And even there it was not easy to choose a good option. I bought these vitamins:

The bank indicates how to take and the composition is detailed. It contains a full complex of tocopherols. A plus .

Side effects

Knowing what vitamin E is good for can greatly alleviate your condition and speed up the healing process. But it's important to stick to the rules. In most cases, side effects are not experienced at the recommended dose. However, when taking 10-20 daily norms, an overdose occurs. At risk are those with diabetes, those who suffer from heart disease, and are also deficient in potassium.

An excess of tocopherol is accompanied by the following symptoms:

• nausea;
• dizziness;
• sexual dysfunction;
• visual impairment;
• diarrhea
• pressure jump;
• rash;
• bleeding;
• bruises, etc.

Interaction with other drugs

Additional intake of tocopherol can slow down blood clotting. Therefore, by using medications that also slow clotting, you may increase your chances of bleeding. These medications include aspirin, clopidogrel, ibuprofen, and warfarin.

Vitamin E is closely related to selenium. Their intake into the body should be directly proportional. Otherwise, there will be a shortage of the first or second element. In addition, selenium is useful for tocopherol - it "heals" its damaged molecules.

Deficiency of this vitamin often leads to poor absorption of zinc and magnesium. In addition, drugs that are used to lower cholesterol levels can interact with vitamin E.

Additional consumption of tocopherol reduces the body's need for insulin. However, it is important for diabetics to control their glucose levels and take E only under medical supervision.

Write, did you like today's article? Share the link to it with your friends on social networks. And don't forget to - there's a series of articles to come introducing other valuable elements. And for today, that's all for now.

Everyone knows that vitamins are useful, but not everyone knows how important and sometimes vital it is to maintain the correct vitamin balance, and why this or that vitamin is needed. By simply adjusting the composition of food - its quality and methods of processing - you can achieve greater results in achieving beauty and vitality than with the help of fitness, diet and special preparations used after unconscious and unsystematic eating. This is especially true for women.

What is the secret? Conscious nutrition, knowledge of the properties of products and their composition, the degree of digestibility of nutrients and vitamin composition: all elements in this chain are important. Let us dwell on vitamins, or rather vitamin E. Sometimes this vitamin is called the “female vitamin”, forgetting that non-female vitamins do not exist (as well as non-male ones). They are important for any organism. But their critical shortage, that is, beriberi, can be very harmful to health. And in this sense, "female vitamin" E is a very important element, one of those foundation stones for women's health. To remove this stone is to put the whole building at risk. But we are smart, we will build, not break.

What is Vitamin E for?

Vitamin E improves fertility, that is, the ability to give birth to healthy and strong children. This does not only apply to women. Vitamin E also has a positive effect on male abilities in this case.
. Vitamin E prevents the formation of blood clots and helps their resorption in advanced cases.
. Vitamin E is involved in regeneration skin, is responsible for the health and condition of the skin, slows down the oxidative processes of cell aging. Acne, pimples, eczema, various sores, wrinkles up to 30 and so on - this is all from a lack of vitamin E.
. Vitamin E is involved in the nutrition of cells with oxygen, protects red blood cells, regulates blood clotting and "cleans" the capillaries. What does it all mean? The skin is beautiful and young, it ages slowly, retaining its attractiveness even in old age. The vessels are even, healthy and not dilated - they are not visible on the legs and arms. Atherosclerosis - excluded. Vitamin E cleanses blood vessels so effectively that it does not give this disease any chance. Of course, provided that you eat right not from retirement, suffering from a dozen diseases, but from the moment when you clearly and clearly imagine yourself in two decades, not wanting to grow old, active, beautiful, cheerful person.

Vitamin E deficiency reduces the concentration of semen in men, disrupts the regularity of the cycle in women, and reduces sexual desire in both. This is exactly the vitamin that is lacking in forty-year-old tired adults who are stared at by uncomprehending hyperactive teenagers.

Lack of vitamin E dries out the mucous membranes, can cause depression, sweating and frequent shifts mood towards the bad. Apathy, pigmented "senile" spots, dullness of the skin and its flabbiness, inelasticity, skeletal muscle dystrophy and specific slow angular movements as a result of this are also the result of a lack of vitamin E. You will be deprived of these "joys" with good nutrition, with the inclusion of products in the diet, containing this vitamin.

Hair, nails and skin are very fond of this vitamin. So much so that it has long been customary to add preparations containing synthesized vitamin E to creams, shampoos, lotions and lipsticks. Only vitamin E is not absorbed when topical application, it can be delivered “to the goal” by including it in the metabolism, that is, taking it regularly and in the necessary (moderate) proportions with food. Ideally, just maintain a vitamin balance, in which all vitamins will be in full, including vitamin E.

Vitamin E is not a pill, and not a drug that you can “drink” in a complex way, and everything will be fine. It is a fundamental element that is involved in the construction and functioning of our body throughout life. And the sooner we realize this, the longer we can keep youth, beauty and health.

Everyone needs vitamin E, but most of all it is needed by women of all ages, especially lactating and pregnant women, men who lead an active lifestyle, children 4-10 years old and infants. It is especially important to maintain the required content of vitamin E for women during pregnancy and lactation. It is during this period that both mother and child should have enough vitamin E, respectively, good nutrition should be calculated “for two”. Another equally important period can be considered adolescence. At the age of 11-14, the foundation of the future adult organism is laid, and the consumption of vitamin E for internal needs is especially high. Although men need a little more vitamin E, than women, but vitamin deficiency is especially painful for the female body.

What are the signs of acute vitamin E deficiency? Muscular dystrophy or just fast fatiguability(may also lack vitamins of group B), skeletal muscle dystrophy (facial expressions, posture change). Sign: inability to quickly relax the muscles after strong tension (for example, after clenching into a fist), weakening of the cervical and facial muscles. When especially severe deficit damage to the diaphragm and necrosis of muscle tissues with the accumulation of calcium salts in them can be observed. All of these symptoms develop almost imperceptibly over several years, and any of them indicates a critical lack of vitamin E.

Vitamin E belongs to the group of fat-soluble vitamins and is found most of all in fats: oils (animal and vegetable) and foods high in fat (oil), such as nuts, whole grains, seeds, liver, yolks, spinach. Vitamin E is found in all nuts, legumes, milk, soybeans, wheat (especially sprouted), green leafy vegetables, dandelion, alfalfa, flaxseeds (and linseed oil), oats, raspberry leaves, nettles, rose hips and many other foods. Most content this vitamin was noted in germinated grains of wheat (wheat flour contains almost no vitamin E, and flour products are completely devoid of vitamin E), in cottonseed and soybean oils, slightly less in corn, and even less in sunflower and olive oils. Little content in fresh peas, beef liver and beans, even less in butter. Other foods contain vitamin E in very small amounts.

Vitamin E is very quickly destroyed during heat treatment, so the heated vegetable oil greatly loses its usefulness. Considering that the highest content of vitamin E in sprouted wheat, it is more logical to use it. Soak wheat in water room temperature or place the grains in damp cheesecloth. Wait for the sprouts to reach 1-2 cm and add to the salad. Germinated wheat, like other seedlings, is afraid of heat treatment. You can make a salad from sprouted wheat by adding raw vegetables, herbs and seasoning with vegetable oil. Of the oils, the highest content of vitamin E is soybean and cottonseed. (In olive oil though less vitamin E, but there are many other, no less important, vitamins and amino acids that comprehensively help us maintain a balance of useful elements.)

Only nutritious food and balanced composition food, including raw and cooked components, fats, vegetable proteins and complex carbohydrates get rid of vitamin E deficiency. Balanced diet already includes everything necessary elements for the full functioning of the body.

Eat well and be healthy!

Vitamin E is a mixture of eight bioorganic structures that have the same properties and are its varieties. These varieties of vitamin E are called vitamers and are divided into two large classes - tocopherols and tocotrienols. Four vitamers E belong to tocopherols and tocotrienols. In principle, all eight vitamers have almost the same activity, therefore they are not separated in instructions for use and various descriptions. Therefore, when they talk about vitamin E, they use the common name for all vitamers - tocopherol.

But the first of the vitamers E was obtained and identified alpha-tocopherol, which is most often found in nature and is the most active. Currently, the activity of alpha-tocopherol is taken as the standard, and it is with it that the activities of all other vitamers E are compared. Therefore, in some very detailed descriptions of any preparation with vitamin E, you can see that its content corresponds to N units, equivalent to the activity of 1 mg of alpha-tocopherol. But at present, the amount of vitamin E is usually expressed in international units (IU) or milligrams, with 1 IU = 1 mg.

Alpha-, beta- and gamma-tocopherols have the most pronounced vitamin activity. And delta-tocopherol has the strongest antioxidant properties. Manufacturers of various drugs, depending on their purpose, introduce the necessary variety of vitamin E into the composition in order to ensure the most pronounced biological effect.

Since tocopherol dissolves in fats, it is able to accumulate in the human body in almost all organs and tissues. This happens when a large amount of vitamin E enters the body, it does not have time to be excreted, it penetrates into all organs and tissues, where it dissolves in membrane fats, forming a depot. The greatest amount of vitamin E is able to accumulate in the liver, testicles, pituitary gland, adipose tissue, red blood cells and muscles.

Due to this ability to accumulate, vitamin E can be in the body in high concentrations, much higher than normal, which leads to disruption of the work of various organs and systems. An excess amount of vitamin E in the body is called hypervitaminosis and, just as hypovitaminosis is accompanied by clinical manifestations arising from disruption of the work of many organs and systems.

Insufficient intake of vitamin E in the body leads to its deficiency or hypovitaminosis, which is accompanied by a malfunction of organs with characteristic clinical symptoms.

That is, in relation to vitamin E in the human body, both its excess and deficiency can be created, and both conditions cause disturbances in the normal functioning of various organs. This means that vitamin E should be consumed only in the required amount, avoiding its excessive or insufficient intake into the body.

Absorption and excretion of vitamin E

Approximately 50% of the total amount of vitamin E contained in food bolus, provided that there is normal amount fats and bile. If there is little fat or bile in the intestine, then less than 50% of the incoming vitamin E is absorbed.

In the process of absorption from the intestines, vitamin E forms a complex with fatty acids (chylomicrons), in which it first penetrates into the lymph and then into the blood. In the blood, vitamin E is released from the complex with chylomicrons and binds to proteins. It is in this complex protein + vitamin E that it is carried by the bloodstream to all organs and tissues.

In tissues, vitamin E releases from protein binding and, in combination with vitamin A, participates in the synthesis of ubiquinone Q, a substance that transfers oxygen from red blood cells directly into the cell.

Vitamin E is excreted from the body both unchanged and in the form of metabolites. Moreover, most of the vitamin E - 90% is excreted in the feces through the intestines, and only 10% - in the urine through the kidneys.

The biological role of vitamin E

Also, vitamin E reduces blood clotting, preventing excessive thrombosis, and therefore improving microcirculation and preventing blood stasis in various organs and tissues. A decrease in blood clotting activity leads to the fact that it flows better through the vessels without clogging them. In addition, vitamin E makes the walls blood vessels smooth, as a result of which cholesterol plaques are not deposited on them, due to which atherosclerosis is prevented. Improving the properties of the blood and the condition of the vessels, as well as the prevention of atherosclerosis, together ensure the prevention of cardiovascular insufficiency with the regular use of vitamin E.

Vitamin E improves the functioning of the immune system, thereby preventing infectious and inflammatory diseases of any organs. Combined with vitamin A, it protects the lungs from negative impact polluted air. Vitamin E also improves muscle tone and performance, relieves convulsions and accelerates the healing of various wounds and burns. With the use of vitamin E, wounds heal with little or no scarring.

Separately, it must be said that vitamin E improves sexual function in men and women, favorably affecting the production of hormones and the condition reproductive organs. For example, in women, tocopherol improves blood supply to the uterus and ovaries, and also contributes to the production of the required amount of progesterone and the formation of the placenta during pregnancy. In women, vitamin E facilitates the course of premenstrual and menopausal syndrome, and also contributes to complete cure fibrous formations of the mammary gland. In men, vitamin E improves sperm quality by normalizing the functioning of the gonads. In addition, tocopherol significantly improves potency.

In all people, regardless of gender, vitamin E reduces blood pressure, expands and strengthens the walls of blood vessels, prevents cataracts and anemia, and also maintains the normal functioning of the nervous system.

As an antioxidant, vitamin E has the following biological effects on the human body:

• Actively binds to free radicals, deactivating them;
• Protects cells from damage by free radicals;
• Slows down already running processes free radical oxidation of lipids and DNA of cells;
• Reduces the rate of formation of new free radicals;
• Protects other vitamins from the negative effects of free radicals;
• Improves the absorption of vitamin A;
• Prevents the appearance of senile pigmentation on the skin in the form of brown spots;
• Destroys and prevents the appearance cancer cells, due to which it reduces the risk of malignant neoplasms of various organs;
• By protecting cells from damage by free radicals, it reduces the rate of aging;
• Improves the formation of collagen and elastin necessary to maintain the properties of connective tissue;
• Facilitates the course of diabetes and Alzheimer's disease.

Vitamin E intake

The daily requirement of an adult and a child over two years of age in vitamin E is 8-12 IU, and in men, all other things being equal, it is higher than in women. In children of the first year of life, the need for vitamin E is 3-5 mg.

The need for tocopherol increases in the following situations:
1. Active muscular work, for example, during sports, physical labor, etc.
2. Eating large amounts of vegetable oil.
3. Pregnancy and breastfeeding increase the need for vitamin E by at least 2 to 5 IU.
4. The period of recovery after infectious and inflammatory diseases.
5. The healing period of various wounds.

According to the norms of dietary nutrition, the consumption of 15 mg of vitamin E per day by adults and children over three years old is considered optimal. Safe from the point of view of the development of hypervitaminosis is the consumption of a maximum of 100 mg of vitamin E per day. This means that you can consume up to 100 IU of tocopherol per day without fear of developing hypervitaminosis.

However clinical researches, conducted in recent years, indicate that more correct and, at the same time, safe dosages of vitamin E are 100-400 IU for adults and 50-100 IU for children. It is these dosages of vitamin E that provide not only physiological needs body, but also effectively resist the aging process. For some diseases, complex therapy vitamin E can be taken in dosages of 1200 - 3000 IU.

In blood serum, the normal concentration of vitamin E is 21-22 µmol/ml.

Symptoms of deficiency and lack of vitamin E in the body

• Violation of tissue respiration;
• muscle weakness;
• Deterioration of potency in men;
• High risk of miscarriage, fading of pregnancy or spontaneous abortion in women;
• Early toxicosis of pregnancy;
• Anemia due to hemolysis (destruction) of red blood cells;
• Decreased level of reflexes (hyporeflexia);
• Ataxia (impaired coordination of movements);
• Dysarthria (violation of articulation of speech with the impossibility of normal pronunciation of words and sounds);
• Reduced sensitivity;
• retinal dystrophy;
• Hepatonecrosis (death of liver cells);
• nephrotic syndrome;
• Increased activity of creatine phosphokinase and alanine aminotransferase in the blood.

Hypervitaminosis can develop in two cases - firstly, with prolonged use of high doses of vitamin A, and secondly, with a single dose of a very large amount of tocopherol. However, in practice, hypervitaminosis E is very rare, since this vitamin is not toxic, and its excess is used by the body as an antioxidant. Thus, almost the entire amount of vitamin E entering the body can be effectively used without remaining free and without damaging various organs and tissues.

Clinical studies have shown that even daily use vitamin E at 200-3000 IU per day for 10 years did not lead to the development of hypervitaminosis. A single high dose of vitamin E can cause nausea, flatulence, diarrhea, or high blood pressure, which go away on their own and do not require any special treatment or discontinuation of the drug.

In principle, hypervitaminosis E can provoke the development of the following symptoms:

• A decrease in the total number of platelets in the blood (thrombocytopenia), leading to bleeding;
• Decrease in blood coagulation (hypocoagulation), provoking bleeding;
• night blindness;
• Dyspeptic symptoms (heartburn, belching, nausea, flatulence, heaviness in the abdomen after eating, etc.);
• Decreased glucose concentration (hypoglycemia);
• General weakness;
• muscle cramps;
• Deterioration of potency in men;
• Increased blood pressure;
• Enlargement of the liver (hepatomegaly);
• An increase in the concentration of bilirubin in the blood (hyperbilirubinemia);
• Hemorrhage in the retina or brain;
• An increase in the concentration of triglycerides (TG) in the blood.

At intravenous administration vitamin E at the injection site, swelling, redness and soft tissue calcification may occur.

Vitamin E - content in products

• Soybean, cottonseed, corn, sunflower and olive oils;
• Germinated grains of corn and wheat;
• Corn in grains;
• Pearl barley, oatmeal and corn;
• Shrimps;
• squids;
• Egg;
• Zander;
• Mackerel.

Products containing a sufficiently large amount of vitamin E, but not the maximum, are as follows:

• Citrus fruits (oranges, tangerines, clementines, minolis, pomelo, grapefruits, lemons, limes, etc.);
• Animal and fish liver;
• Acne;
• Sunflower seeds ;
• Hazelnut;
• Dried apricots;

Vitamin E preparations

In addition, there are monocomponent and multicomponent preparations containing vitamin E. Monocomponent preparations contain only vitamin E in various dosages, and multicomponent preparations contain several vitamins, minerals, trace elements or other useful substances.

The dosage of vitamin E can be different, however, both in dietary supplements and in pharmacological preparations, it is standardized and is indicated in IU or mg. Due to the relatively low dosage, dietary supplements can only be used for prophylactic use as an additional source of vitamin E. And pharmacological preparations are used for both prevention and treatment.

Synthetic vitamins E

• Aevit;
• Alphabet "Our baby";
• Alphabet "Kindergarten";
• Alpha-tocopherol acetate solution in oil;
• Biovital Vitamin E;
• Biovital gel;
• Vitamin E 100;
• Vitamin E 200;
• Vitamin E 400;
• Vitamin E 50% type SD powder;
• Vitamin E-acetate;
• Vitamin E Zentiva;
• Vita bears;

The international name is tocol, tocopherol, tocotrienol, alpha-tocopherol, beta-tocopherol, gamma-tocopherol, delta-tocopherol, alpha-tocotrienol, beta-tocotrienol, gamma-tocotrienol, delta-tocotrienol.

Chemical formula

a brief description of

The active vitamin E compound was isolated in 1936 from wheat germ oil. Since this substance allowed animals to have offspring, the research team decided to call it alpha-tocopherol - from the Greek " tocos" (which means the birth of a child) and " ferein(to grow). To indicate the presence of an OH group in the molecule, "ol" was added to the end. Its correct structure was given in 1938 and the substance was first synthesized by P. Carrer, also in 1938. In the 1940s, a team of Canadian doctors discovered that vitamin E could protect people from coronary heart disease. The demand for vitamin E has increased rapidly. Along with market demand, the number of product types available to the pharmaceutical, food, feed and cosmetics industries has increased. In 1968, Vitamin E was officially recognized as an essential nutrient by the National Academy of Sciences Nutrition and Nutrition Boards.

Foods rich in vitamin E

The approximate presence in 100 g of the product is indicated:

Daily requirement for vitamin E

As we can see, vegetable oils are the main sources of vitamin E. Also, a large amount of vitamin can be obtained from nuts. Vitamin E is very important for our body, so it is necessary to ensure the supply of a sufficient amount of it with food. According to official data, the daily intake of vitamin E is:

Scientists believe that there is strong evidence that daily intake of at least 200 IU (134 mg) of alpha-tocopherol may protect adults from certain chronic diseases such as heart problems, stroke, neurodegenerative diseases, and certain types of cancer.

A major problem in formulating vitamin E recommendations is dependence on polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake. There are large differences in PUFA consumption across Europe. Based on the proportional relationship between vitamin E requirement and PUFA, recommendations should take into account the different acid intake in different populations. Given the difficulty of reaching recommendations with optimal effects on human metabolism, the recommended daily intake of vitamin E for adults, expressed in milligrams of alpha-tocopherol equivalents (mg alpha-TEQ), differs in European countries:

• in Belgium, 10 mg per day;
• in France, 12 mg per day;
• in Austria, Germany, Switzerland - 15 mg per day;
• in Italy - more than 8 mg per day;
• in Spain, 12 mg per day;
• in the Netherlands - women 9.3 mg per day, men 11.8 mg per day;
• in the Nordic countries - women 8 mg per day, men 10 mg per day;
• in the UK - women over 3 mg per day, men over 4 mg per day.

Generally, we can get enough vitamin E from food. In some cases, the need for it may increase, for example, in severe chronic diseases:

• chronic pancreatitis ;
• cholestatic syndrome;
• cystic fibrosis;
• primary biliary cirrhosis;
• irritable bowel syndrome;
• ataxia.

These diseases interfere with the absorption of vitamin E in the intestine.

Chemical and physical properties

Vitamin E refers to all tocopherols and tocotrienols that exhibit alpha-tocopherol activity. Due to the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol core, these compounds exhibit varying degrees of antioxidant activity depending on the location and number of methyl groups and the type of isoprenoids. Vitamin E is stable when heated to temperatures between 150 and 175°C. It is less stable in acidic and alkaline environments. α-Tocopherol has the consistency of a clear, viscous oil. It may break down during some types of food processing. At temperatures below 0° C, it loses its activity. Its activity adversely affects iron, chlorine and mineral oil. Insoluble in water, freely soluble in ethanol, miscible in ether. Color - slightly yellow to amber, almost odorless, oxidizes and darkens when exposed to air or light.

The term vitamin E encompasses eight related, naturally occurring fat-soluble compounds: four tocopherols (alpha, beta, gamma, and delta) and four tocotrienols (alpha, beta, gamma, and delta). In humans, only alpha-tocopherol is selected and synthesized in the liver, so it is the most abundant in the body. The form of alpha-tocopherol found in plants is RRR-alpha-tocopherol (also called natural or d-alpha tocopherol). The form of vitamin E primarily used in fortified food products and nutritional supplements is all-rac-alpha-tocopherol (synthetic or dl-alpha-tocopherol). It contains RRR-alpha-tocopherol and seven very similar forms of alpha-tocopherol. All-rac-alpha-tocopherol is defined as slightly less biologically active than RRR-alpha-tocopherol, although this definition is currently under review.

Useful properties and its effect on the body

Metabolism in the body

Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin that is broken down and stored in body fat. It acts as an antioxidant, destroying free radicals that damage cells. Free radicals are molecules that have an unpaired electron, making them highly reactive. They feed on healthy cells during a series of biochemical processes. Some free radicals are natural by-products of digestion, others come from cigarette smoke, grill carcinogens, and other sources. healthy cells damaged by free radicals can lead to the development of chronic diseases such as heart disease and cancer. Having enough vitamin E in the diet can help preventive measure to protect the body from these diseases. Optimal absorption is achieved when vitamin E is ingested with food. .

Vitamin E is absorbed into the intestines and enters the bloodstream through the lymphatic system. It is absorbed along with lipids, enters the chylomicrons and is transported to the liver with their help. This process is similar for all forms of vitamin E. Only after passing through the liver, α-tocopherol appears in plasma. Most of the consumed β-, γ- and δ-tocopherol is secreted into bile or not absorbed and excreted from the body. The reason for this is the presence in the liver of a special substance - a protein that transports exclusively α-tocopherol, TTRA.

Plasma administration of RRR-α-tocopherol is a saturating process. Plasma levels stop rising at ~80 µM when supplemented with vitamin E, even though doses are increased to 800 mg. Studies show that the limitation of plasma α-tocopherol concentration appears to be the result of a rapid replacement of circulating newly absorbed α-tocopherol. These data are consistent with kinetic analyzes demonstrating that the entire plasma composition of α-tocopherol is renewed daily.

Interaction with other elements

Vitamin E has an antioxidant effect when combined with other antioxidants, including beta-carotene, vitamin C, and selenium. Vitamin C can restore oxidized vitamin E to its natural antioxidant form. Megadoses of vitamin C may increase the need for vitamin E. Vitamin E may also protect against some of the effects of excess vitamin A and regulate vitamin A levels. Vitamin E is essential for the action of vitamin A, and high consumption vitamin A may reduce the absorption of vitamin E.

Vitamin E may be needed to convert vitamin B12 to its active form and may reduce some of the symptoms of zinc deficiency. Large doses of vitamin E may interfere with the anticoagulant effect of vitamin K and may reduce intestinal absorption of vitamin K.

Vitamin E increases the absorption of vitamin A in the intestine at medium and high concentrations, up to 40%. A and E together lead to increased antioxidant capacity, protection against certain forms of cancer, and support for gut health. They work synergistically to prevent obesity, hearing loss, metabolic syndrome, inflammation, immune response, brain health.

Selenium deficiency exacerbates the effects of vitamin E deficiency, which in turn can prevent selenium toxicity. A combined deficiency of selenium and vitamin E has a greater effect on the body than a deficiency of only one of nutrients. General action vitamin E and selenium can help prevent cancer by stimulating apoptosis in abnormal cells.

Inorganic iron interferes with the absorption of vitamin E and can destroy it. Vitamin E deficiency exacerbates iron excess, but supplemental vitamin E prevents it. It is best to take these supplements at different times.

Digestibility

Vitamins bring the greatest benefit if they are combined correctly. For the best effect, we recommend using the following combinations:

• tomato and avocado;
• fresh carrots and nut butter;
• greens and salad with olive oil;
• sweet potato and walnut;
• sweet pepper and guacamole.

Useful will be a combination of spinach (moreover, amenable to heat treatment, it will have great nutritional value) and vegetable oil.

Natural vitamin E is a family of 8 different compounds - 4 tocopherols and 4 tocotrienols. This means that if you consume certain healthy foods, you will get all these 8 connections. In turn, synthetic vitamin E contains only one of these 8 components ( alpha tocopherol). Thus, a vitamin E tablet is not always a good idea. Synthetic drugs can't give you what they can do natural sources vitamin A. There is a small amount medicinal vitamins, which also contain vitamin E acetate and vitamin E succinate. Although they are known to prevent heart disease, we still recommend that you get your vitamin E from your diet.

Application in official medicine

Vitamin E performs the following functions in the body:

• maintaining healthy level cholesterol in the body;
• fighting free radicals and preventing the occurrence of diseases;
• restoration of damaged skin;
• maintaining hair density;
• balance of hormone levels in the blood;
• relief of symptoms of premenstrual syndrome;
• improvement of vision;
• slowing down the process of dementia in Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases;
• possible risk reduction cancer;
• increased endurance and muscle strength;
• great importance during pregnancy, growth and development.

Taking vitamin E in the form of a drug is effective in the treatment of:

• ataxia - a motor disorder associated with a lack of vitamin E in the body;
• vitamin E deficiency. In this case, as a rule, 60-75 International Units of vitamin E per day are prescribed.

Most often, the effectiveness of vitamin E in such cases is manifested in combination with other drugs. Before taking it is necessary to consult with your doctor.

In pharmacology, vitamin E is found in the form of soft capsules of 0.1 g, 0.2 g and 0.4 g, as well as a solution of tocopherol acetate in oil in vials and ampoules, fat-soluble vitamins, a powder for making tablets and capsules with a content of 50% vitamin E. These are the most common forms of the vitamin. In order to convert the amount of a substance from International Units to mg, it is necessary to equate 1 IU to 0.67 mg (if in question about the natural form of the vitamin) or to 0.45 mg (synthetic substance). 1 mg of alpha-tocopherol is equal to 1.49 IU in natural form or 2.22 synthetic substances. It is best to take the dosage form of the vitamin before or during meals.

Application in traditional medicine

Traditional and alternative medicine values ​​vitamin E primarily for its nourishing, regenerative and moisturizing properties. Oils, as the main source of vitamin, are very often found in folk recipes for various diseases and skin problems. For example, olive oil is considered effective tool with psoriasis - it moisturizes, soothes the skin and relieves inflammation. It is recommended to apply oil on the scalp, elbows and other affected areas.

For the treatment of various types of dermatitis, jojoba oil, coconut oil, wheat germ oil, grape seed oil are used. All of them help cleanse the skin, soothe inflamed areas and saturate the skin with beneficial substances.

Comfrey ointment, which includes vitamin E, is recommended for arthritis. To do this, first mix the leaves or roots of comfrey (1:1, as a rule, a glass of oil to 1 glass of the plant), then make a decoction from the resulting mixture (boil for 30 minutes). After that, the broth is filtered and a quarter cup of beeswax and a little pharmacy vitamin E are added. A compress is made from this ointment, kept on painful areas for a day.

Another of the many plants containing vitamin E is ivy. For treatment, the roots, leaves and branches of the plant are used, which are used as an antiseptic, anti-inflammatory effect, have expectorant, diuretic and antispasmodic effects. The decoction is used for rheumatism, gout, festering wounds, amenorrhea and tuberculosis. It is necessary to use preparations from ivy with caution, since the plant itself is poisonous and is contraindicated in pregnancy, hepatitis and children.

In addition, vitamin E is traditionally considered a fertility vitamin, it is used for ovarian failure syndrome, male and female infertility. For example, a mixture of evening primrose oil and pharmacy vitamin E is considered effective (1 tablespoon of oil and 1 vitamin capsule, taken for a month three times a day before meals).

Universal remedy is an ointment based on sunflower oil, beeswax and honey. Such an ointment is advised to be used externally (for the treatment of various skin lesions, from mastopathy) and internally (in the form of tampons for a runny nose, inflammation of the ears, diseases of the reproductive organs, as well as ingestion for constipation and peptic ulcers).

Vitamin E in scientific research

• A new study has identified genes that control the amount of vitamin E in corn grain, which can stimulate further improvement in the food and nutritional qualities of the product. Scientists conducted several types of analyzes to identify 14 genes that synthesize vitamin E. Recently, six protein-coding genes responsible for the synthesis of vitamin E have been discovered. Breeders are working to increase the amount of provitamin A in corn, while increasing the composition of vitamin E. and tocochromanols are essential for seed viability. They prevent the oils from settling in seeds during storage, germination and early seedlings.
• Vitamin E is so popular among bodybuilders for a reason - it really helps maintain muscle strength and health. Scientists have finally managed to understand how this happens. Vitamin E has long established itself as a powerful antioxidant, and it has recently been studied that without it, the plasma membrane (which protects the cell from leakage of its contents, and also controls the flow and release of substances) would not be able to fully recover. Since vitamin E is fat soluble, it can actually be incorporated into the membrane, protecting the cell from free radical attack. It also helps preserve phospholipids, one of the most important cellular components responsible for repairing cells after damage. For example, during exercise, mitochondria burn much more oxygen than usual, leading to more free radical production and membrane damage. Vitamin E ensures their full recovery, despite increased oxidation, keeping the process under control.
• Vitamin E-deficient zebrafish produced offspring with behavioral and metabolic problems, according to a new study from the University of Oregon. These findings are significant because the neurological development of zebrafish is similar to human neurological development. The problem may be exacerbated in women of childbearing age who avoid high-fat foods and refuse oils, nuts, and seeds, which are among the most nutritious foods. high level vitamin E - an antioxidant necessary for the normal embryonic development of vertebrates. Embryos lacking vitamin E had more deformities and a higher death rate, as well as an altered DNA methylation status as early as five days after fertilization. Five days is the time it takes for a fertilized egg to become a swimming fish. The results of the study suggest that vitamin E deficiency in zebrafish produces long-term impairments that are not remedied even with later dietary vitamin E supplementation.
• A new discovery by scientists proves that eating salad with the addition of vegetable fat helps the absorption of eight nutrients. And eating the same salad, but without oil, we reduce the body's ability to absorb trace elements. Some types of salad dressings can help you absorb more nutrients, according to research. The researchers found increased absorption of several fat-soluble vitamins in addition to beta-carotene and three other carotenoids. Such a result can reassure those who, even being on a diet, cannot resist adding a drop of oil to a light salad.
• Preliminary evidence suggests that antioxidant vitamin E and selenium supplements - alone or in combination - do not prevent dementia in asymptomatic older men. However, such a conclusion cannot be final due to insufficient study, inclusion of only men in the study, short time drug exposure, different dosage and methodological limitations based on real incident reporting.

Use in cosmetology

Thanks to their valuable properties Vitamin E is very often an ingredient in many cosmetics. It is listed as " tocopherol» (« tocopherol") or " tocotrienol» (« tocotrienol"). If the name is preceded by the prefix "d" (for example, d-alpha-tocopherol), then the vitamin is obtained from natural sources; if the prefix is ​​“dl”, then the substance was synthesized in the laboratory. Cosmetologists appreciate vitamin E for the following characteristics:

• vitamin E is an antioxidant and destroys free radicals;
• it has sunscreen properties, namely, it increases the effectiveness of the sunscreen effect of special creams, and also alleviates the condition after sunburn;
• has moisturizing qualities - in particular, alpha-tocopherol acetate which strengthens the natural skin barrier and reduces the amount of fluid lost;
• an excellent preservative that protects the active ingredients in cosmetics from oxidation .

There are also a very large number of natural recipes for skin, hair and nails that effectively nourish, restore and tone them. The easiest way to care for the skin is rubbing various oils into the skin, and for hair - apply oil to the entire length of the hair for at least an hour before washing once or twice a week. If you have dry or flaccid skin, try using a mixture of rose oil and pharmacy vitamin E to stimulate collagen production. Another anti-aging recipe includes cocoa butter, sea buckthorn and tocopherol solution. Nourishing mask with juice aloe vera and a solution of vitamin E, vitamin A and a small amount of nourishing cream. An exfoliating universal effect will bring an egg white mask, a spoonful of honey and a dozen drops of vitamin E.

Dry, normal and combination skin will be transformed by a mixture of banana pulp, high fat cream and a few drops of tocopherol solution. If you want to give your skin an extra tone, mix the pulp of a cucumber and a couple of drops of an oil solution of vitamin E. An effective mask with vitamin E for wrinkles is a mask with pharmacy vitamin E, potato pulp and parsley sprigs. A mask consisting of 2 milliliters of tocopherol, 3 teaspoons of red clay and anise essential oil will help get rid of acne. For dry skin, try mixing 1 ampoule of tocopherol and 3 teaspoons of kelp - this mask will moisturize and restore the skin.

If you have oily skin, use a mask that contains 4 milliliters of vitamin E, 1 crushed activated charcoal tablet and three teaspoons of ground lentils. For aging skin, a sheet mask is also used, which includes wheat germ oil with the addition of other essential oils - rose, mint, sandalwood, neroli.

Vitamin E is a powerful stimulant for the growth of eyelashes: castor oil, burdock, peach oil are used for this, which are applied directly to the eyelashes.

Masks containing vitamin E are indispensable for the health and beauty of hair. For example, a nourishing mask with jojoba oil and burdock oil. For dry hair, a mask of burdock, almond and olive oils, as well as an oil solution of vitamin E, is suitable. If you notice that your hair has begun to fall out, try applying a mixture of potato juice, juice or aloe vera gel, honey and pharmacy vitamins E and A. To give hair shine, you can mix olive and burdock oil, vitamin E oil solution and one egg yolk. And, of course, we must not forget about wheat germ oil - a vitamin "bomb" for hair. To refresh and add shine to your hair, combine banana pulp, avocado, yogurt, vitamin E oil solution and wheat germ oil. All of the above masks should be applied for 20-40 minutes, wrapping the hair with a plastic bag or cling film, and then rinse with shampoo.

• sunflower or olive oil, a few drops of iodine and a few drops of vitamin E - will help with exfoliating nails;
• vegetable oil, an oil solution of vitamin E and a little red pepper - to accelerate the growth of nails;
• walnut oil, vitamin E and lemon essential oil - from brittle nails;
• olive oil and vitamin E solution - to soften the cuticles.

Use in animal husbandry

All animals need adequate levels of vitamin E in the body to support healthy growth, development and reproduction. Stress, exercise, infection and tissue injury increase the animal's need for the vitamin.

It is necessary to ensure its intake through food - fortunately, this vitamin is widely distributed in nature. Vitamin E deficiency in animals manifests itself in the form of diseases, most often attacking body tissues, muscles, and also manifests itself in the form of apathy or depression.

Use in crop production

A few years ago, researchers at the University of Toronto and Michigan made a discovery about the benefits of vitamin E for plants. As it turned out, the addition of vitamin E to the fertilizer will reduce the susceptibility of plants to cold temperatures. As a result, this makes it possible to discover new, cold-resistant varieties that will bring a better harvest. Gardeners who live in colder climates can experiment with vitamin E and see how it affects plant growth and longevity.

The use of vitamin E in industry

Vitamin E is widely used in the cosmetic industry - it is a very common component of creams, oils, ointments, shampoos, masks, etc. In addition, it is used in Food Industry how food supplement E307. This supplement is completely harmless and has the same properties as a natural vitamin.

Vitamin E is contained in the protective coating of grains, so its amount is sharply reduced when they are crushed. To preserve vitamin E, extraction from nuts and seeds must be done naturally, for example, by cold pressing, and not by thermal or chemical extraction, used in the food industry.

If you have stretch marks from weight changes or pregnancy, vitamin E can go a long way in minimizing them. With its powerful antioxidant compounds that stimulate the body to create new skin cells, it also protects collagen fibers from the damage that free radicals can cause. In addition, vitamin E stimulates skin elasticity to prevent new stretch marks.

Contraindications and warnings

Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin and is not destroyed when exposed to enough high temperatures(up to 150-170°C). It is exposed to ultraviolet rays and loses its activity when frozen.

Signs of vitamin E deficiency

True vitamin E deficiency is very rare. Overt symptoms in healthy people receiving at least minimal amount vitamin from food were not found.

Vitamin E deficiency can be experienced by premature infants born weighing less than 1.5 kg. Also, people who have problems with the absorption of fat in the digestive tract are at risk of developing a vitamin deficiency. Symptoms of vitamin E deficiency are peripheral neuropathy, ataxia, skeletal myopathy, retinopathy, and impaired immune response. The following symptoms may also be a sign that your body is not getting enough vitamin E:

• difficulty walking and difficulty in coordination;
• muscle pain and weakness;
• visual disturbances;
• general weakness;
• decrease in sexual desire;
• anemia.

If you notice one of these symptoms, it is worth considering a visit to the doctor. Only an experienced specialist will be able to determine the presence of a particular disease and prescribe the appropriate treatment. As a rule, vitamin E deficiency occurs as a result of genetic diseases such as Crohn's disease, ataxia, cystic fibrosis and other diseases. Only in this case, large doses of medicinal vitamin E supplements are prescribed.

Precautionary measures

For most healthy people, vitamin E is very beneficial, both when taken orally and applied directly to the skin. Most people do not experience any side effects at the recommended dose, but adverse reactions may occur at high doses. It is dangerous to exceed the dose if you suffer from heart disease or diabetes. In this case, the dose of 400 International Units (about 0.2 grams) per day should not be exceeded.

Some studies show that taking high doses of vitamin E, which is between 300 and 800 IU each day, can increase the chance of a hemorrhagic stroke by 22%. Another serious side effect consuming too much vitamin E is an increased risk of bleeding.

Avoid taking supplements containing vitamin E or any other antioxidant vitamins immediately before and after angioplasty.

Very high vitamin E supplements can potentially lead to the following health problems:

• heart failure in people with diabetes;
• worsening bleeding;
• risk of recurrent cancer prostate, neck and head areas;
• increased bleeding during and after surgery;
• an increased chance of dying from a heart attack or stroke.

One study found that vitamin E supplements can also be harmful for women who are in the early stages of pregnancy. High doses of vitamin E can also sometimes lead to nausea, diarrhea, abdominal cramps, fatigue, weakness, headache, blurred vision, rash, bruising, and bleeding.

Interaction with other drugs

Since vitamin E supplements can slow blood clotting, they should be taken with caution with similar drugs (aspirin, clopidogrel, ibuprofen, and warfarin) as they can markedly increase this effect.

Cholesterol-lowering medications can also interact with vitamin E. It is not known for sure whether these medications are less effective when taking vitamin E alone, but when combined with vitamin C, beta-carotene, and selenium, this effect is very often observed.

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