"Education Law" on school uniforms. Is school uniform required to attend school?

Before putting together an urgent document, it would be right to think about dividing the process into 3 groups. Prepared sections do not have to be printed in the same order. Before everything, you should comprehend what exactly you want as a result, cope, write down the reasons. This may be business customs, local rules, orders of government agencies. The beginning is a very fundamentally important section that forms the trail. Also, one should not forget and figure out which important person this petition will be addressed to and who exactly will be forced to draw up a response.

On September 1, 2015, a new law "On Education in the Russian Federation" comes into force. Among its innovations is the right of an educational organization to establish requirements for students' clothing.

Thus, school uniforms are introduced again at the legislative level in the country. Its appearance is determined by the need to erase the property, social and religious differences between students, strengthen the image of educational institutions, provide students with aesthetic and comfortable clothing.

In many regions of the country, this issue has already been legally regulated. For example, in the republics of Karelia and Tatarstan, in the Stavropol Territory, in the Belgorod Region, Leningrad Region, Moscow Region, Omsk Region, Orenburg Region, Penza Region, Rostov Region, Saratov Region, Ulyanovsk Region, Yaroslavl Region and in other subjects.

Therefore, according to the text of the federal law, this rule is valid, unless otherwise established by the legislation of the subject of the federation. For those regions in which the issue of school uniforms has not yet been resolved, it is necessary to adopt an appropriate regulatory legal act. Requirements for a new uniform for schoolchildren are contained in a sample law sent by the Ministry of Education and Science to the regions.

What will be the uniform school uniform

The introduction of uniforms does not mean, however, that all students will be dressed the same. For each educational institution, the color, style, appearance of clothing and the obligation to wear it will be determined individually. Schools are encouraged to adopt a special local legal act regulating the issues of uniforms for students, and taking into account the views of parents.

General education organizations can establish three types of school clothes: formal, casual and sports. The dress uniform is designed for festive events and school rulers. The dress uniform differs from the everyday one by the presence of a light shirt or a festive accessory for boys and boys, a blouse or a festive accessory for girls and girls.

Sportswear is used for physical education. The uniform of each school may have its own distinctive signs in the form of emblems, stripes, badges, ties, and so on.

Students' clothing must comply with sanitary-epidemiological and hygienic standards, the place of classes, the weather, the temperature regime of the room. Clothing style is generally accepted business. Uniform for schoolchildren should be secular. Clothing, shoes and accessories with traumatic fittings, informal symbols that promote illegal behavior and the use of psychoactive substances are unacceptable.

The requirements for the form should be accepted by all participants in the educational process and take into account the financial situation of large and low-income families.

A draft law on the introduction of school uniforms has been submitted to the State Duma

A draft law on the introduction of school uniforms has been submitted to the State Duma. Its author was a deputy from the All-Russian Popular Front Olga Timofeeva (United Russia faction).

“We are amending the law “On Education in the Russian Federation, which introduce school uniforms everywhere,” Timofeeva said in an interview with ITAR-TASS.

However, according to her, “this is not a “compulsory” as it used to be,” and the regions will be given the opportunity to “set uniform requirements for students’ clothing, taking into account local specifics, the wishes of schools, schoolchildren and their parents.”

The deputy also assured that the discussion of this issue will continue at the site of the ONF, "and the results of the discussion with all interested parties will be taken into account when the bill is adopted for the second reading."

The idea of ​​returning the school uniform was supported by Russian President Vladimir Putin at the first ONF conference in Rostov-on-Don at the end of March. “There should be a school uniform in our country,” the head of state said, proposing “to take federal decisions that would oblige the regions to introduce uniforms and give the regions and municipalities the opportunity to decide on the details.”

According to the head of the organizing committee for the founding congress of the ONF Andrey Bocharov, the introduction of school uniforms will bring not only social, but also economic benefits. According to him, as a result of the introduction of school uniforms, the Russian light industry will be able to receive "orders" in the amount of about 36 billion rubles annually.

MPs passed a law on school uniforms

The State Duma adopted in the second and third readings a law that gives schools the right to establish requirements for the form, taking into account the views of the students themselves and their parents. 1898

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Requirements for the clothing of primary and secondary school students are established by the authorized bodies of the regions. Money for the form is allocated if it is provided for in the regional budget.

Olga Timofeeva. member of the United Russia faction: “But no one has the right to force him to buy this or that clothes for a schoolboy in this or that atelier. Starting today, the All-Russian People's Front, which was the initiator of this bill, begins monitoring. We appeal to all governors, to heads of cities, to all parents: if you see excesses, when children are forced to wear a specific school uniform and buy it from a specific manufacturer, react to it.

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The school itself determines the requirements for students' clothing. And the Ministry of Education and Science is actively helping her in this, recommending which direction to follow.

A letter to the regions signed by Minister Dmitry Livanov was posted on the official website of the department. It contains a sample of a model regulatory legal act of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation on the requirements for a school uniform.

The universal school uniform was abolished in Russia in 1992. But already in 1999, having seen enough of short skirts and worn jeans in the school corridors, some directors began to prescribe a "dress code" in the school charter. And in high circles, they were actively talking about the return of uniforms in connection with an incident in one of the Stavropol schools: a Muslim girl came to class in a hijab - a religious headdress. Then Dmitry Livanov expressed the opinion that the requirements for school uniforms should be adopted at the federal level.

By the way, even before such a norm was introduced into the new law, some regions at the local level established uniform requirements for school clothes. So, in Karelia, Tatarstan, Stavropol Territory, Belgorod, Leningrad, Moscow, Omsk, Orenburg, Penza, Rostov, Saratov, Ulyanovsk and Yaroslavl regions, students have long had no question "what to wear to school" - everything is in uniform.

Should we wait for the return of white aprons and blue jackets? Not at all. Here is what the Ministry of Education and Science proposes: "General education organizations have the right to establish the following types of students' clothing: casual wear; full dress; sportswear ... For boys and boys, smart school clothes consist of everyday school clothes, complemented by a light shirt or a festive accessory. For girls and girls ceremonial school clothes consist of everyday school clothes, complemented by a light blouse or a festive accessory.Sportswear is used by students in physical education and sports.Clothes of students may have distinctive signs of an educational organization (class, class parallels): emblems, stripes, badges, ties and etc".

As you can see, there are no strict uniform requirements for the color and set of clothes. The only thing that is emphasized is that the appearance and clothing of schoolchildren must comply with the norms of business style accepted in society and be of a secular nature. Also, the ministry does not recommend wearing clothes, shoes and accessories at school "with traumatic fittings, symbols of asocial informal youth associations, as well as promoting psychoactive substances and illegal behavior." And most importantly, "the general appearance of students' clothing, its color, style are determined by the state-public administration body of the educational organization (school council, parent committee, classroom, school-wide parent meeting, board of trustees, and others). One can hope that one form or another will be imposed "above" will not.

There is another significant point: the price. On average, a three-piece school uniform set: a skirt or trousers, a blouse or shirt and a vest made of natural fabrics costs about four thousand rubles. In the meantime, unfortunately, only 12 percent of the population can spend more than one and a half thousand rubles on a school uniform for their child. Therefore, the decision to introduce requirements for clothing at school should be made by all participants in the educational process and take into account the material costs of low-income and large families. The Ministry of Education and Science clarified that in some regions various financial support mechanisms have been established both for certain categories of citizens for the purchase of school clothes, and for organizations that produce them. As an example, the republics of Bashkortostan, Tatarstan, the Chuvash Republic, Amur, Bryansk, Orenburg and Sakhalin regions are given.

The beginning of the school year is always a hot time for parents of schoolchildren. Moreover, for the upcoming academic year, some had to not only buy traditional stationery and textbooks, but also provide the child with a school uniform.

The norm that gives schools the right to introduce school uniforms appeared in our legislation at the beginning of June of this year (Federal Law of June 4, 2014 No. 148-FZ ""). To do this, it is necessary that the subject of the Russian Federation approve the standard requirements for school uniforms that will be valid on the territory of a particular region. By the way, a sample of such standard requirements (the so-called Model Act) was published by the Russian Ministry of Education and Science back in March (letter of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation dated March 28, 2013 No. DL-65/08 "").

Many regions simply copied the provisions of the Model Act into their documents. True, some brought their own requirements. For example, in the Saratov region and the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, students will not be able to come to school with extravagant haircuts and hairstyles, with brightly colored hair, visible piercings, defiant manicures and makeup. By the way, an interesting question arises whether it is possible to recognize as piercing earrings in the ears, which are also worn by many teachers.

In some regions, schoolgirls were allowed to paint their nails only colorless varnish and enjoy deodorant exclusively with a light and neutral smell. However, such demands are often regarded by the prosecutor's office as an abuse of their right by the authorities - such a conclusion, for example, was reached by the prosecutors of the Omsk region in December 2013. The same goes for hairstyles. In the same Omsk region, some schools demanded that boys and young men timely haircut in a classic style. The prosecutor's office considered this requirement illegal, too, apparently remembering how Soviet-era schoolchildren were expelled from classes for having overgrown hair. Similar requirements for hairstyle, haircut, color and length of hair, which were established by one of the schools in the Kaliningrad region, were also protested by the prosecutors.

The final word on the introduction of a school uniform remains with the school itself, for this it must take the appropriate local act.

However, even if the requirements for the clothes of students are introduced in a particular school, many parents still have questions. Someone is dissatisfied with their new duty in general, others are wondering about compensation for its cost at the expense of the state, and some would like to dress the child in accordance with the religious ideas of their family. Answers to some questions from the point of view of a lawyer are in our material.

Question 1. Is it possible to challenge the decision of the school to introduce a school uniform?

A school may require a student to have a “suit fit” only if there is an appropriate local act. (part 1 of article 38 of the Federal Law of December 29, 2012 No. 273-FZ ""; hereinafter - the law on education). For example, it may be called "Regulations on establishing requirements for students' clothing" or simply "Regulations on school uniforms".

Another thing is that this act should be adopted taking into account the views of students and their parents(their interests should be represented by the student council and the parent council). If the school has teachers union or another representative body of its employees, then its position is also taken into account. Obviously, if parents are against the introduction of a school uniform, then they should document this and notify the school administration about this.

If the negative opinion of the parent committee about the school uniform is ignored, and the clothing requirements are nevertheless established, then you can protect your rights in different ways:

1

Create a special dispute resolution committee, which will include an equal number of representatives of the school, students and their parents (). The specific procedure for its convocation should, again, be fixed in a special normative act of the school. If it is possible to reach a consensus, then the final decision of the commission becomes binding on all parties to the conflict. True, you can go further and challenge it in court.

2

File a complaint against the school district department of education(for example, the department of education of the regional administration) or in Rosobrnadzor. Alternatively, you can apply to prosecutor's office or appeal the school's decision judicially.

By the way, it is possible to challenge the decision of the school administration not only if the opinion of the parents was ignored - but also when the local act of the school is contrary to the law on education or regional law.

For example, parents of students from the Arkhangelsk region can safely refuse to buy a uniform for their children if the decision to introduce it was made by the school later than three months before the start of the school year - such a condition is enshrined in the relevant law of the subject. And schoolchildren in grades 5-11 of the Bryansk region can safely wear jeans for the entire next academic year, until September 1, 2015, since the relevant law will come into force for them only by this time.

Question 2. If a child comes to school without a uniform, can he be sent home to change?

The Law on Education does not make the right to education dependent on how the child is dressed - but also does not contain a direct ban on removing a child from classes. Most often, regional regulations are also silent on the permissible actions of the school administration. Some regions oblige children to wear a school uniform (which, in general, is not entirely correct, because the school has the final say) - for example, the Bryansk region. However, the consequences of violation of the clothing requirement are not fixed in the act of this region either (Government of the Bryansk region dated November 11, 2013 No. 634-p).

But the Republic of Buryatia excelled in this regard: the corresponding decree of the government of this region provides for a number of disciplinary measures for students who are not dressed in uniform. Among them are the remarks of the class teacher (oral or in a diary), an explanatory conversation, a class hour, a parent meeting, and finally - restriction of access to classes. The latter, however, is possible only in one case: if the student not only came to class without a uniform, but on his clothes there are images and inscriptions in any language calling for extremism, drug use, the use of weapons, or having an offensive character.

We met on at least two regions where teachers are expressly prohibited from expelling schoolchildren without a uniform from classes These are the Tambov and Yaroslavl regions. In the Yaroslavl region, however, the student must still be dressed in business clothes of a classic cut and neutral tones, albeit not the same as the uniform.

It should be remembered that the prosecutor's office almost always takes the side of schoolchildren. For example, the rights of children who do not want to wear school uniforms have been repeatedly defended by prosecutors in the Kurgan and Kaliningrad regions and other regions.

Question 3. Can a child be expelled from school for not wearing a school uniform?

No. It is possible to exclude a student from school only on the grounds that are enshrined in:

• at the request of the student's parents (or the student himself, if he is already an adult);
• if the child does not cope with the school curriculum and only if he is already 15 years old;
• for objective reasons (for example, the liquidation of a school).

This list is closed, and there is no such reason as refusal to purchase a school uniform.

Question 4. Who can receive compensation for the purchase of a school uniform and what needs to be done to do this?

Both the Model Act and regional laws prohibit making a decision on the introduction of a school uniform without taking into account the opinion of low-income and large families. In addition, the subjects of the Russian Federation can reimburse parents for the cost of purchased school uniforms ().

Often in the region there is a special regulation on the procedure for allocating subsidies for the purchase of school uniforms, but the allocation of a subsidy may also be provided for in a general law on supporting large families or poor citizens.

The procedure for applying for a subsidy varies from region to region. Depending on the specific area, you can apply for a subsidy either in district administration department, either in MFC, or directly to school by writing a letter to the director.

The set of required documents usually includes:

• birth certificate of the child;
• parents' passport;
• a certificate from an educational institution on the education of the child;
• a document confirming the status of a large or low-income family;
• service application.

In addition, it may be necessary to confirm that the child lives with the applicant: registration at the place of residence or other document (for example, a certificate from a children's clinic). If such a requirement is fixed in the regional law, but the applicant did not comply with it, he refuses to provide compensation (St. Petersburg City Court dated December 17, 2012 No. 33-17228 / 2012).

note that deadlines for filing claims for compensation cannot be set. An attempt to rush parents was made in some cities of the Moscow region: in Reutov, it was possible to apply for money from September 1 to October 31 of the current year, and in Dolgoprudny - until December 1 of the current academic year. At the same time, the prosecutor's office in both cases recognized such restriction as illegal.

Question 5. Is it legal to require a school uniform to be purchased from a specific supplier?

Based on a literal interpretation of the law, such a requirement by the school administration can be called unacceptable. The point is that it is about establishing requirements to clothes. In other words, the school may require the child to buy clothes of a certain color or style, but may not send parents to a specific brand store. Otherwise, the actions of the school will be contrary to the Federal Law of July 26, 2006 No. 135-FZ "".

By the way, some subjects of the Russian Federation even enshrined a ban on such actions in the law - for example, in the Republic of Tatarstan to force parents to buying a uniform from a certain manufacturer or supplier can not be both the school administration and teachers. A similar rule applies in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, only it is formulated even more strictly: it is impossible not only to demand to dress from a specific manufacturer, but also to establish specific requirements for clothing (model, article, material), observing which parents will be forced to buy clothes only from a certain brand.

Even if the subject is register of school uniform suppliers, forcing students to dress in a uniform from a particular "couture" is unacceptable. By the way, the authorities of the Bryansk region obliged parents to order uniforms (including for individual tailoring) only from sewing firms and individual entrepreneurs exclusively from this register - a very controversial, in our opinion, duty. Parents who disagree with this can rely on the fact that the law on education and the Model Act do not provide for the possibility of establishing such a requirement by the regions.

Moreover, if desired, mothers can sew the form with your own hands, the law on education and the Model Act do not prohibit this - the main thing is that it meets the standards that the school has set.

Question 6: Can I dress my child according to the religion of our family?

The model act in this part is rather categorical: schoolchildren's clothes must be worn exclusively secular. Actually, the revival of the school uniform began with this question.

Recall that the problem arose in 2013 in the Stavropol Territory: the administration of one of the schools forbade girls from Muslim families to appear in class wearing a hijab. The requirement for the secular nature of clothing, to which the school referred, was enshrined in a decree of the regional government. The parents of these schoolgirls were forced to transfer them to a Muslim school, a madrasah, or to an external study. In parallel, they appealed against the decision of the regional government in court, but to no avail. I put an end to this dispute last summer RF Armed Forces(Armed Forces of the Russian Federation of July 10, 2013 No. 19-APG13-2).

The Court made three main findings:

• uniform requirements for the clothing of students stem from the secular nature of our state;
• Indoor hats (including the hijab) are the cause of various diseases, and school uniforms are the key to keeping students healthy. Here the Court quoted Rospotrebnadzor (Rospotrebnadzor dated November 9, 2012 No. 01/12662-12-23);
• the hijab ban does not violate the right to education.

Applicants did not rule out applying to the ECtHR against this judgment. True, it is unlikely that the Strasbourg Court would have taken their side, because in its practice such cases have already been encountered, and decisions were not made in favor of the hijab (ECHR of November 10, 2005 "The case of Leyla Sahin v. Turkey" (complaint 44774/98), ECtHR of 4 December 2008 in Dogru v. France (application no. 27058/05), ECtHR of 4 December 2008 in Kervanci v. France (application 31645/04)).The ECtHR also confirmed the legality of the dismissal of one of the applicants, who worked as a lecturer at a Turkish university and wore a hijab for lectures and seminars (ECtHR of 24 January 2006 in the case of Kurtulmus v. Turkey (complaint no. 65500/01)).

After that, the question of the violation of the rights of believers was asked to the president at a meeting with representatives of the All-Russian Popular Front in October 2012. Vladimir Putin supported the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, noting that the requirements for the secular nature of clothing must be observed by everyone, otherwise representatives of other faiths will feel disadvantaged. Just then, the head of state proposed to think about the return of the school uniform. " Still, in such school . – Ed.] collectives, no one should feel like a second-class person", - then the president emphasized, hinting at the different financial possibilities of parents when buying clothes for their children.

Some regions literally copy the provisions of the Model Act: "the appearance and clothing of students must<...>be of a secular nature" (Krasnodar Territory). Other subjects are even more specific, forbidding children to wear religious clothes or clothes with religious attributes to school, including those covering their faces (Rostov Region). By the way, little Rostovites are not entitled to adorn themselves with the attributes of religious symbols - Pectoral crosses also fall under this ban.

Part 1 of Art. 38 of the Federal Law "On Education in the Russian Federation", the obligatory establishment of the uniform of students, the rules for wearing it and insignia is provided only in federal state educational organizations that implement educational programs in specialties and areas of training in the field of defense and security of the state, ensuring law and order, in the field of customs, in the field of training of sea vessels, inland navigation vessels, fishing fleet vessels, flight personnel of aircraft, aviation personnel, personnel providing air traffic management, as well as general educational and professional educational organizations implementing additional general educational programs, aimed at preparing minors for military or other public service.

However, paragraph 18, part 3, Art. 28 of this Federal Law, the competence of the educational organization includes the establishment of requirements for the clothes of students. It seems that if the “dress uniform” is a more stringent set of requirements, then the “clothes requirements” may provide for various options for implementation.

Thus, in a broad sense, the wearing of a school uniform can be provided for by an educational organization.

By letter of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia dated March 28, 2013 No. DL-65/08 "On establishing requirements for students' clothing", a Model regulatory legal act of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation was sent on establishing requirements for students' clothing in educational programs of primary general, basic general and secondary general education, which indicates recommendations for the introduction of these requirements, and also emphasizes that the decision to introduce requirements for clothing for students in general education institutions should be made by all participants in the educational process (Article 26 of the Federal Law "On Education in the Russian Federation") and take into account the material costs of low-income and large families.

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School Uniform Law

Wearing a school uniform became mandatory from September 1, 2013 (see the blog "School Uniform Again", "School Uniform Returns"). In accordance with the Federal Law of December 29, 2012 No. 273-FZ "On Education in the Russian Federation", the establishment of requirements for students' clothing is within the competence of an educational organization, unless otherwise provided by the Law or the legislation of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation (Article 28, Part 3, Clause 18 ).

The Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation sent an instructive letter "On establishing requirements for students' clothing", to which was attached a "Model regulatory legal act of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation on establishing requirements for students' clothing in educational programs of primary general, basic general and secondary general education".

At the same time, prosecutor's checks show that when school uniforms are introduced, violations of the law and the requirements of regulatory documents of the Ministry of Education and Science are allowed. For example, not admitting to classes, removing from lessons students who did not come in the form of the established sample, applying unlawful disciplinary measures to them, etc.

Currently, the Federal Law of June 4, 2014 No. 148-FZ (hereinafter referred to as the Law) amended the Federal Law of December 29, 2012 No. 273-FZ "On Education in the Russian Federation". In particular:

According to the new wording of Article 38, “organizations engaged in educational activities (hereinafter referred to as the organization) have the right to establish requirements for students' clothing, including requirements for its general appearance, color, style, types of students' clothing, insignia, and the rules for wearing it, if otherwise not provided by this article.

State and municipal organizations that carry out educational activities in educational programs of primary general, basic general and secondary general education establish requirements for the clothes of students in accordance with the standard requirements approved by the authorized state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

In an educational organization, taking into account the opinion of the council of students, the council of parents, as well as the representative body of employees of this organization and (or) students in it (if any), it is adopted relevant local regulation.

The provision of students with clothing in cases and in the manner established by the state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation may be carried out at the expense of budget allocations from the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

It has been determined that the samples and description of the uniforms of studying organizations, implementing, in particular, educational programs in specialties and areas of training in the field of defense and security of the state, ensuring law and order, in the areas of customs, training of sailing personnel of sea vessels, inland navigation vessels , fishing fleet, flight personnel of aircraft, aviation personnel, are established by the founders. They also define the rules for wearing, providing, insignia.
The provision of uniforms and other clothing (uniforms) to students at the expense of regional budget allocations is carried out in cases and in the manner established by the state authorities of the constituent entities of the Federation. At the expense of local budgets - by local governments.

School uniform in the legal field

The acquisition of a school uniform is a fairly costly item in the family budget when preparing children for school. If at the very beginning the majority of parents actively supported the introduction of a school uniform, arguing that the school uniform would hide the social stratification of students, then at present this is far from the case.

As MK.RU found out (the Moskovsky Komsomolets newspaper No. 27172 dated August 9, 2016, the article “Return the Old Slavonic initial letter and stars to schoolchildren!”), Now one of the most popular parental initiatives on voting on the Internet is the abolition of school uniforms.

An analysis of citizens' appeals to official bodies, lawyers, information about prosecutorial checks published on the Internet on school uniform issues indicates that the following circumstances could influence the decision of parents.

Firstly, now the family financial condition is determined not so much by clothes as by models of smartphones, accessories, schoolchildren's shoes, etc. Therefore, parents believe that it is pointless to spend money from the budget to dress everyone the same way.

Secondly, violation of the legislative norms allowed by the administrations of educational organizations when introducing a school uniform, including such as:

• development of school regulatory local acts on school uniforms without taking into account the opinions of schoolchildren and their parents (legal representatives);
• the adoption of school regulatory local acts on school uniforms without the consent of the state-public administration body (the governing council of the school, the council of students, the council of parents) and the representative body of the employees of the educational institution;
• the presence in school regulatory local acts on school uniforms of provisions that cause objection from parents;
• coercion to purchase a school uniform only from a manufacturer or outlet specified by the school administration;
• often occurring cases of removal from lessons of students who came to classes not in school uniform, in violation of the constitutional right of a citizen of the Russian Federation to receive education;
• other moments that cause indignation of parents.

In case of problems with school uniforms, you can use the following.

1. Wearing a school uniform is mandatory in accordance with the Federal Law of December 29, 2012 No. 273-FZ “On Education in the Russian Federation” (Article 38) (hereinafter referred to as the Law on Education).

2. Standard requirements for the clothes of students are established by the authorized state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. A model regulatory legal act of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation on establishing requirements for students' clothing was sent to the regions by letter of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia dated March 28, 2013 No. DL-65/08 .

3. The decision to introduce requirements for clothing for students of general education institutions should be made by all participants in the educational process and take into account the material costs of low-income and large families.

4. The obligation to wear a school uniform is enshrined in the Charter of the school, and the requirements for the clothes of students are established by the local regulatory act of the educational organization, prepared in accordance with the requirements approved by the authorized state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

5. The local normative act of an educational organization on school uniforms (for example, the Regulations on school uniforms) is adopted taking into account the opinion of the student council, the parent council, and the representative body of employees of this organization (if any).

6. The general appearance of students' clothing, its color, style are determined by the public administration body of the educational organization (school council, parent committee, classroom, school-wide parent meeting, board of trustees and others).

7. The clothes of students must comply with SanPiN 2.4.7 / 1.1.1286-03. Schoolchildren's clothing and its appearance must comply with the business style generally accepted in society and be of a secular nature. It is not recommended to wear clothes, shoes and accessories with traumatic fittings, symbols of asocial informal youth associations, as well as those promoting psychoactive substances and illegal behavior.

8. If the Charter of the school contains a clause stating that the school uniform is obligatory, then all students, as participants in the educational process, are required to comply with the requirements of the Charter of the school - to wear a uniform. Therefore, the appearance of a student in school without a uniform is a violation of the requirements of the Charter of the educational institution.

In accordance with the law on education (Article 43), for non-fulfillment or violation of the charter of the school, internal regulations and other local regulations on the organization and implementation of educational activities, disciplinary measures can be applied to students - a remark, reprimand, expulsion from the organization, carrying out educational activities.

Most often, in school practice, it is enough to have a conversation with a student or his parents so that the student's appearance meets the requirements of school etiquette. The application of such a measure as suspension from studies is unlawful. Not letting the child go to school, the school administration violates the guaranteed art. 43 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation the right to education.

9. Since the Standard requirements for students' clothing are established by the authorized state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, they can also establish various financial support mechanisms for both certain categories of citizens for the purchase of school clothing, and for organizations engaged in its production. The procedure for applying for a grant depends on the region where the student's family lives. Depending on the territory, you can apply for a subsidy either at the MFC, the district administration, or at the school.

10. It is unacceptable to force parents to purchase a school uniform from a specific supplier, even if the subject maintains a register of school uniform suppliers, because the law on education and the Model Act do not provide for the possibility of establishing such a requirement by the regions.

If desired, parents can sew the form with their own hands. The Law on Education and the Model Act do not prohibit this - the main thing is that it meets the standards that the school has set.

How to protect your rights in case of problems with the school uniform?

First of all, it is necessary to establish whether the School Charter enshrined the mandatory school uniform, whether the school has a local act that defines the requirements for the appearance of students, the general appearance, style and color of the school uniform, whether the local act on the school uniform has been adopted, taking into account opinions of the state-public governing body, the representative body of school employees.

If it is established that the charter or local act of the school is contrary to the law on education or a regional regulatory act, parents have the right to express their disagreement with the actions of the director by contacting the school's state public administration body or the conflict commission. If such bodies have not been created at the school, you can contact the municipal education authority, Rosobrnadzor, the prosecutor's office, or appeal the school's decision in court.

If parents are against the introduction of a school uniform, then lawyers advise doing the following:

• document this and notify the school administration about it;
• if the negative opinion of the public public authority of the school is ignored and the requirements for clothing are nevertheless established, then create a special commission for the settlement of disputes, which will include an equal number of representatives of the school, students and their parents and make a decision that is binding on all parties to the conflict;
• can be challenged in court.

Note. In accordance with the law on education (Article 28), for violation or illegal restriction of the right to education and the rights and freedoms of students, parents (legal representatives) of minor students, violation of the requirements for the organization and implementation of educational activities, the educational organization and its officials persons bear administrative responsibility in accordance with the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation.

Uniform requirements for school uniforms in Russia come into force

MOSCOW, September 1 - RIA Novosti. The new law on education, which comes into force on September 1, establishes a common approach for school uniforms throughout the country, in particular, they must be secular in nature and comply with generally accepted standards of business style.

After the conflict that broke out in the Stavropol Territory, caused by the decision of the director of one of the schools to ban Muslim students from going to school in hijabs, Russian President Vladimir Putin suggested that the regions think about returning a single school uniform.

In April this year, the Russian Ministry of Education and Science developed and sent to the regions approximate requirements for schoolchildren's clothing. The document notes that the general appearance of students' clothing, its color, style should be determined by the school council, parent committee, classroom, school-wide parent meeting, and board of trustees.

The school has the right to establish several types of clothing: casual, formal and sports. There are no strict uniform requirements for the color and set of clothes. The only thing is that the appearance and clothing of schoolchildren must comply with the norms of business style accepted in society and be of a secular nature. It is not recommended to wear clothes, shoes and accessories with traumatic fittings, symbols of asocial informal youth associations, as well as those promoting psychoactive substances and illegal behavior.

The document notes that schoolchildren from large families should be provided with free clothes for attending classes, as well as sports uniforms for the entire period of study in a general education institution.

In Karelia, Tatarstan, Stavropol Territory, Belgorod, Leningrad, Moscow, Omsk, Orenburg, Penza, Rostov, Saratov, Ulyanovsk and Yaroslavl regions, even before such a norm was introduced into the law, uniform requirements for school clothes were established at the local level.

Why form?

School uniforms have become the main expense item for the parents of new schoolchildren, because since this year they have become mandatory throughout Russia. In St. Petersburg, for example, a uniform costs from 3.5 thousand rubles, sportswear and shoes can be bought from 1.2 thousand rubles.

In Vladivostok, school uniforms were developed by public councils of educational institutions. Its cost differs depending on the school and the desire of parents and teachers, the price of the kit was approximately 3.5 thousand rubles, the sports uniform will cost another 1.5 thousand. For two pairs of shoes, one of which is a "shift", you will have to pay 5 thousand rubles.

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There are schools in the southern regions of Russia that did not give parents a choice, but told them exactly where to order clothes. On average, in the south, a school uniform will cost 2-5 thousand rubles. There are schools that mark their students with one or two corporate subjects. For example, in one of the schools in Rostov-on-Don, parents spent only 600 rubles on a tie and vest, the rest of the clothes can be purchased at your own discretion.

In the center of Russia, a uniform could be bought for about 3,000 rubles. The authorities of the Bryansk region allocated more than 15.5 million rubles for the tailoring of school uniforms, which were received as a gift by almost 12,000 first-graders by September 1.

The city of Bryansk also allocated funds from the municipal budget for uniforms for city first-graders. Most of the first-graders have already received their uniforms. It was sewn from the fabrics of the Bryansk worsted factory, one of the Orel enterprises sewed clothes. The set for girls includes a jacket and sundress, for boys - a jacket and trousers. In Voronezh, the cost of the emblem of educational institutions will need to be added to the cost of the uniform. It costs about 350 rubles.

In Ufa, a suit for first-graders in stores costs from 2 to 7 thousand rubles, and in the market or school markets a jacket and trousers can be purchased for 1 thousand rubles. The cost of a skirt with a vest for girls ranges from 1.5 thousand rubles to 4 thousand rubles. Shirts for boys will cost from 300 to 900 rubles, and white blouses with ruffles for girls - from 500 to 1.5 thousand rubles. Shoes for first-graders in stores cost from 1.7 thousand rubles and reach 5 thousand rubles. On the market you can buy for 500 rubles, but its quality, of course, leaves much to be desired.

In Penza, a three-piece suit for a boy cost about 3 thousand rubles, a two-piece suit cost 2.6-2.8 thousand rubles. A complete set for a girl (jacket, sundress, skirt, trousers, vest) cost 5,000 rubles. A more economical option, for example, only a sundress and a jacket, cost 3 thousand rubles.

In the Ulyanovsk region, local garment factories offered school uniforms for about 4,600 rubles. At the same time, it was possible to buy both a complete set, and limit yourself to two or three things. For example, if you buy only a jacket and a skirt, it will cost about 2 thousand rubles. In Saratov, a uniform can be bought for 2.2 thousand rubles, and in general, the purchase of clothes and shoes is 5-10 thousand rubles.

The President of Russia, the leader of the ONF, Vladimir Putin, signed the law initiated by the Popular Front on the introduction of school uniforms. The document is published on the official portal of legal information. “This law was discussed for more than a year by all participants in the educational process, both enterprises that sew uniforms and designers who develop models of clothes were involved. We were waiting for the document,- stated ONF .RU representative of the Central Headquarters of the Popular Front, head of the Naslednik educational holding Lyubov Dukhanina.

Recall that in March 2013 in Rostov-on-Don at the first conference of the ONF "Building Social Justice", Russian President Vladimir Putin supported the proposal of activists of the Popular Front to introduce a dress code for schoolchildren. Corresponding amendments to the law "On Education" were introduced by State Duma deputies - co-chairman of the Central Headquarters of the Popular Front Olga Timofeeva and member of the Central School of the ONF Mikhail Starshinov- in April.

The amended law defines at the federal level the right of an educational institution to establish a dress code, that is, schools themselves will have the right to introduce requirements for students' clothing, including its general appearance, color, style, insignia and wearing rules. All this will take place on the basis of discussions with students and their parents. At the same time, state and municipal educational institutions will have to establish requirements for schoolchildren's clothing in accordance with standard requirements approved at the regional level.

If training is provided for army, law enforcement, customs, navy and aviation programs, then the form will be determined by the relevant structures that are subordinate to the schools. The law also states that the provision of students with clothing in the cases and in the manner established by the state authorities of the constituent entities of Russia can be carried out at the expense of appropriations from regional budgets.

“Many schools have already introduced uniforms on their own, and someone is at the stage when they have decided which uniform to choose,- Dukhanina said.- I would like to note that the regions are creating mechanisms to support children from socially vulnerable families. This is very important, because this is how the very idea of ​​a school uniform can be realized. The regions are actively working in this direction, and in many of them such mechanisms have already been created. In addition, there is a choice. This is not a single form for the whole country. The school, parents and children themselves can choose the color, style, and this is always important in teens and high schools.