Is it possible to squeeze out a boil when it is ripe. Possible consequences of self-deletion. Method of application of ichthyol ointment for furunculosis

Manifestations of furunculosis - inflamed, painful, pus-filled cavities on the skin - always cause not only pain, but also a lot of inconvenience. Furuncles tend to appear in the most unexpected places - any part of the body that has a hairline can succumb to bacterial infection. Particular risk areas are places of constant friction - armpits, groin, neck, buttocks.

Furuncle formations can differ significantly in size, duration of maturation and exit of the rod, but are almost always characterized by the presence of common signs. Asking the question: “is it possible to crush a boil?”, First you should find out if it’s for sure. It's pretty easy to do. If the formation on your body matches even two of the following, it definitely has a boil in nature. Distinctive features of boils:

Boils have become so common and commonplace that people have long learned to deal with them on their own.

• begins with redness, constantly growing and gaining the character of compaction;
• at first, the seal is red, and then, as it matures, it becomes dark red, bluish, purple and slightly black - up to the visual appearance of a purulent rod;
• matures over a significant period - about two weeks, accompanied by aching pains at the site of the lesion, severe pain when touched;
• pain sensations are present until the purulent masses come out completely, the skin at the site of the appearance of a purulent formation becomes hot.

When an abscess appeared on your body, and even if for the first time, it should definitely be treated. What is the treatment of boil formations?

Therapy

The most common treatment approach follows the following algorithm:

1. The use of drugs and folk remedies to ensure the fastest maturation of the abscess.
2. Vitamin therapy - to increase the level of immunity.
3. When aging - surgical intervention and discharge of purulent masses or drugs and means for quickly pulling out pus.
4. The use of antibiotics to cleanse the body of an infection.

However, medical care in the presence of abscesses or furunculosis can differ depending on which doctor you contact. The therapist, most likely, will prescribe a lot of tests, prescribe antibiotics, vitamins, and advise ointments or liquid products to treat the affected skin area. The doctor can recommend effective painkillers if needed.

When contacting a dermatologist, you will receive almost identical therapy, but more targeted. Drugs that are more useful and necessary specifically for your skin will be prescribed. In addition, the dermatologist, in most cases, will send for an appointment with a surgeon.

If you immediately go to the surgeon, there are several options for the development of the situation:

• the abscess only abscesses - no surgical intervention will occur. On the contrary, the doctor can independently write out a more effective prescription for you than ready-made pharmaceutical preparations;
• the boil cannot break through for a long time - they will make a small surgical incision to release purulent masses.

In some cases - large boils, carbuncles or severe skin lesions - the surgeon may ask you to come to the appointment additionally and check how the pus is leaving, whether it is all gone. The above procedure is necessary, because if a small part of the rod remains inside, and healing processes begin from above, a repetition of the inflammatory process is possible, but what is even more terrible, blood poisoning. That is why doctors are categorically against self-treatment of furunculosis.

Self-treatment: what is possible and what is not

We know how medical and surgical treatment of furunculosis occurs. Of course, doctors do not recommend self-medication, especially in the presence of purulent infections, but different things happen:

• travel abroad, where there is no way to get to the doctor or there was a banal lack of money;
• stay in such conditions when in the coming days it is impossible to receive any qualified (non-emergency) medical care - for example, traveling to the mountains, staying in territories remote from settlements;

• a banal lack of time - due to full employment, the presence of small children.

In addition - what happens most often - the lack of desire to waste time asking for help on a trifling occasion. Thus, knowing self-treatment techniques, whether it is possible to squeeze out a boil and what will happen if you squeeze out a boil without adhering to all the recommendations, is useful to absolutely everyone.

• First, never and under no circumstances squeeze out pus from an immature formation. This is strictly prohibited, especially in the front area. From here, blood flows through the blood vessels of the brain, which means that if any infection is introduced, severe complications can develop: brain abscess, meningitis.
• Secondly, in no case should you pierce the abscess with a variety of improvised means - needles, knives, nail scissors, even after dousing with cologne. You will not get absolute sterilization, and you can easily introduce another infection.

• Thirdly, it is impossible to “warm up” a purulent formation. There will be no help in the maturation of the purulent rod from the use of this method, and additional complications may appear.
• Fourthly, you should never bandage, cover an opened boil with what is nearby. It is advisable to use only sterile bandages or wipes.

Knowing the main prohibitions of the process of self-treatment of furunculosis, you can, if necessary, help yourself or someone close to you. However, you can really help only by knowing how to properly squeeze out a boil.

Removal of a purulent rod

Squeezing out a boil is actually the main process of self-treatment. It consists in getting rid of the purulent rod or rods, if it is a carbuncle. Agree, often abscesses are squeezed out, without thinking about how much it can harm health. Today, on the Internet, you can find dozens of videos of a man squeezing out a boil, but nowhere is there a video about the consequences of this squeezing.

"Craftsmen" crush abscesses in a variety of ways, promising to "quickly and effectively" get rid of the purulent rod. You can often find a video where a man squeezed out a boil with a bottle. It would seem, and what's so complicated - he put the neck of the bottle to the boil, slammed hard on the bottom - and that's it. But, firstly, the described method can be used for a mature, broken and shallow abscess. If the affected area is quite large or there are several rods, the bottle will not help. The use of the bottle is more suitable for men - it is difficult to imagine that a woman squeezed out an abscess in this way. So, how to squeeze it out correctly? We give the following sequence of actions:

• it is necessary to make sure that the abscess is fully “ripened” and ready to break through - the purulent head softens, the purulent core is clearly outlined, the swelling of the nearby skin area disappears;
• disinfect the formation itself and hands - it is recommended to use alcohol;
• the extrusion process can be done with bare hands or with a sterile napkin. Cover the affected area with a napkin and, clasping the entire seal, squeeze out the rod, squeezing your fingers from the outer edge to the center. When using a napkin, the pus will stick and most of the rod will come out without requiring additional pressure;

• the extrusion should last until the blood fluid flows. Remember that the stronger the inflammation, the longer the process of extruding the rod. In addition, even if blood comes out of the formation, this does not mean that new purulent masses will not appear the next day;
• successful removal of the rod will indicate the appearance of a deep hole in its place. This hole must be carefully treated with peroxide and bandaged.

Appearance pustules on the skin- a frequent phenomenon, and usually a person does not attach much importance to it. But it happens that a harmless-looking pimple suddenly turns into a huge one. furuncle(popularly called abscess). And this is a serious problem.

What is the reason?

The main role in the formation of abscesses belongs to pyogenic bacteria, mainly Staphylococcus aureus. These are real skin "vampires". To launch an attack, he only needs a small gap in the immune system and microcracks in the skin. If a person is hypersensitive to this microbe or has immunodeficiency, furunculosis becomes chronic.

Furuncles often occur on sensitive, irritated skin. They are given a chance by severe or chronic diseases, surgical interventions, hormonal changes, and in general everything that weakens the body - beriberi, intoxication, malnutrition. In addition, for any person "furunculosis" combination of sweat and dirt. In this case, the body simply cannot resist the infection.

How is a boil formed?

A distinctive feature of boils from other types of skin inflammation is that they cannot occur where hair does not grow(palms, soles), and appear only in those places where they are hair follicles.

When a microbe has the opportunity to penetrate the skin through a scratch or microcrack, it "attaches" inside the hair follicle and begins to actively multiply. The place of its introduction turns red, begins to itch and hurt badly. Pain disturbs all the time while the abscess is "ripening". Often nearby people react to inflammation The lymph nodes. After a few days, the pus comes out, and the wound heals quickly. But each boil "spawns" its own kind. When it opens, along with pus, thousands of new pathogens “land” on the skin. This happens until the body finds the strength to stop the aggressor.

Attention! If boils reappear, you should definitely consult a doctor and check your blood sugar levels, as this is often a symptom of diabetes.

How to treat?

If the boil disturbs the general well-being, for example, worries strong pain or the temperature rises, a visit to the doctor is a must! Only a doctor, taking into account the spread of inflammation, can prescribe treatment. If you applied at a very early stage of development, when the inflammatory process has not yet gone beyond the hair follicle, then it is possible conservative treatment without opening. If the abscess has already formed - only surgical treatment.

You can not leave without medical help boils located on the face and neck! The blood vessels of these areas "contact" with the vessels of the brain and can infect the meninges, cause purulent meningitis, sepsis. In no case should you try to squeeze out the abscess, pierce it with a needle or open it in other ways in the "field" conditions!

Considering that the causative agent of this disease is staphylococcus aureus, for treatment are prescribed antibiotics. shown dry heat as well as UHF which have an analgesic effect. The doctor will also choose vitamin complex to strengthen immunity. Preference is given to drugs with a high content B vitamins, the deficiency of which gives "carte blanche" to Staphylococcus aureus.

At home, an abscess that has just appeared on the skin can be tried “dry” with brilliant green or iodine. You can lubricate the skin with antibacterial ointment several times a day. It penetrates into the deep layers of the skin and is able to stop the inflammatory process.

The most traditional folk remedy to accelerate the "ripening" of the boil - baked onion. A large onion should be cut in half and baked until black. It is good to apply warm to the boil and bandage it, leave it overnight. By morning, the entire contents of the boil will be on the bandage.

Healing properties Luke so strong that it is suitable for the treatment of an abscess even his husk. It must be boiled and mixed. with plantain leaves at the rate of 1:1, add flour and honey to make a thick dough. Put the cake on the boil and fix with a bandage. When the abscess breaks through in a couple of days, wipe the skin around it with tincture of calendula. Instead of plantain, nettle leaves or gruel from fresh parsley roots are suitable.

Attention! Antibacterial soap can be used for no more than two weeks. By killing beneficial bacteria, it weakens the surface protection of the skin and can provoke the appearance of new abscesses. Better skin treatment salicylic alcohol, tincture of calendula or eucalyptus and use for swimming a decoction of string, chamomile, coltsfoot or their collection(Pour 2 cups of herbs with a liter of boiling water, leave for 40 minutes, strain and pour into the bath).

Patients with furunculosis must adhere to a certain diet: limit the amount of carbohydrates in the diet, exclude alcoholic beverages, spices, sweets. "Green" vitamins, wholemeal bread, whole grain cereals, sour-milk products and unrefined oils move from the category of food to the status of medicines with furunculosis.

Not always on the skin of a person there are small rashes that do not cause any problems. But if the hair follicle is inflamed due to staphylococci getting into it, the sebaceous gland and the tissues that surround it are involved in this, a boil appears on the body.

It can appear on any part of the body where there is hairline. The neck, forearms, axillary or inguinal region, lower back, thighs, buttocks are the places where a boil most often occurs due to the fact that the skin in these places sweats more and becomes dirty.

In acute furunculosis, small red seals may appear on the body, with pressure on which the patient experiences pain. Very often, the disease is accompanied by general weakness of the body, high body temperature, nausea, headaches, increased heart rate.

Consider whether it is worth squeezing a boil and what complications can lead to inept actions.

What can self-extrusion of a boil lead to?

The appearance of a boil near the nasolabial triangle or on the mucous membrane of the vestibule of the nose causes serious complications.

It is also possible to harm the patient's health by squeezing out an unripe boil, improperly treating it, applying small cuts while shaving.

There are complications of a local nature due to the fact that large areas of tissue are infected with pathogenic staphylococci located inside suppuration, if several boils merge into one large one.

If the infection enters the venous and lymphatic vessels from the abscess, you may encounter pathologies such as thrombophlebitis, phlebitis, lymphangitis. The most dangerous is the infection of arterial vessels, which leads to pyelonephritis. Furunculosis that occurs on the face is complicated by meningitis or brain abscess.

Stages of development of a purulent disease

At the first stage, a slight red swelling appears on the patient's skin. Then it increases, and the tissues inside become denser, which leads to swelling and pain. If furunculosis appears on the face, this leads to severe swelling of the lips, eyelids, and neck.

After three or four days, a purulent core forms in the boil, which, in the form of a pustule, comes to the surface of the epithelium. The patient's body temperature rises, and pain increases in the area of ​​suppuration. A person's appetite decreases, he feels a general weakness of the body, he is tormented by headaches. But after a few days, the boil opens, pus begins to flow out of it, then the rod comes out. When this happens, the painful symptoms stop.

After three or four days, a red-blue scar forms at the site of suppuration, then this area turns pale and becomes almost invisible.

Causes of skin disease

Furunculosis can be found in both adults and children.

The following factors can lead to skin pathology:

• If a person does not follow his personal hygiene, the epidermis becomes covered with fat and sweat, which further leads to blockage of the sebaceous glands.
• The patient has epithelial cells that are very sensitive to external factors and are subject to constant inflammatory processes.
• Due to changes in the layers of the epidermis due to dermatitis, eczema, fungal pathologies, diseases associated with the skin.
• Violations in the liver and biliary tract.
• Injury to the skin with cuts, abrasions, bruises, hypothermia.
• Long-term treatment with hormonal drugs, antibiotics, which leads to dysbacteriosis in the intestines.
• Poisoning caused by chemicals, alcohol, pesticides.
• Food products that contain a lot of preservatives or lack vitamins and minerals.
• With impaired metabolism, which causes diabetes, obesity.
• Stress, constant anxiety, depression do not allow the body to fight infections.

Children with furunculosis suffer from allergic reactions that their unstable immune system is unable to fight. In adolescents, purulent pathologies occur because a hormonal restructuring of the whole organism occurs, during which the sebaceous and sweat glands work in an enhanced mode. If a child often suffers from viral respiratory diseases, his body is very vulnerable at this moment, this can provoke the appearance of boils.

The main culprit for the appearance of boils can be considered poor hygiene, constant contact of delicate children's skin with dirty objects or the hands of other children.

If you have a boil popped up, do not write it off to remove it, wait for it to fully mature.

How to squeeze a boil at home

In order to squeeze out the boil, you first need to make sure that full maturation has occurred. The first signs of this: a decrease in edema, a purulent head softens, pain disappears.

How to perform the procedure:

If you performed the procedure for removing the abscess incorrectly, the furunculosis disease can develop very quickly, which cannot be dealt with without the help of a specialist.

How to extrude a boil in medical institutions

It is not always possible to get rid of an abscess at home, and there are several reasons for this. One of them is that suppuration occurs in the deep layers of the epithelium, the core is not visible. In another case, the abscess matures for a long time, causes discomfort, accompanied by pain, and cannot break through itself. This suggests that only a surgeon can remove it.

The operation is performed after the core has fully formed in the boil, meaning the opening of the boil and the removal of its purulent contents:

• Before starting the surgical intervention, the specialist cuts off the area of ​​​​inflammation with local anesthesia, after which he makes a small incision with a scalpel through which pus comes out;
• Having expanded the inlet, the surgeon removes the rod from the abscess, thoroughly cleans the hole, rinses with antiseptics, and treats with antibacterial drugs;
• At the final stage of the operation, a rubber tube is inserted into the depression formed in the skin of the epidermis, with the help of which the remnants of pus will come out;
• The wound is treated with antiseptics, antibiotics for two weeks, and then bandaged. Depending on the size of the purulent neoplasm, the wound heals.

Nowadays, many people prefer to have their surgery performed using a laser, which has many advantages over a scalpel:

• This intervention does not require the use of local anesthetics;
• The upper layers of the patient's skin are much less injured;
• After such an operation, there is no bleeding during the cut;
• The boil is removed at a time, so there is no re-festering;
• After the procedure, the person does not experience pain;
• The wound heals quickly, and in its place there is no scar formation.

A boil in a patient appears for various reasons, so the doctor studies each case individually, and only after that prescribes the appropriate treatment.

How to protect yourself from furunculosis

You will never encounter a disease such as furunculosis if you give up alcohol and other bad habits and follow a diet. Monitor your health, at least once a year, be examined by your doctor.

Not all people know how to squeeze a boil correctly at home. In most cases, this is done erroneously, since a person, in a hurry to get rid of a cosmetic defect, does not wait for the chiria to ripen, and when squeezed out, it introduces an infection. The area of ​​the body most susceptible to infection is the maxillofacial region, which is characterized by increased blood supply. How to remove the boil on your own, and in what cases is it better not to do this?

The furuncle should ripen and burst, which means that the exit of pus from it is a prerequisite.

What is a furuncle?

Boils in appearance are somewhat reminiscent of acne, however, these are completely different formations that are of bacterial and non-bacterial origin. Chiria are inflamed, purulent-filled cavities in the skin. They are localized on different parts of the skin, especially in those places where the skin is most tender. The main causative agent of furunculosis is a pathogenic microbe - Staphylococcus aureus. Once in a favorable environment for itself, the microbe causes severe suppuration under the skin. The size of an inflamed boil can reach an impressive size - from 5 mm to 3 cm.

Is it possible to crush chiri at home?

Any doctor will answer that it is impossible to squeeze out boils on your own, and it doesn’t matter if they are ripe or not. Often this is not necessary, as they go away on their own. There are certain recommendations that must be followed at the first sign of a boil on the skin:

• Treat the inflamed area with antiseptic agents. Choose any remedy that is in the home first aid kit, it can be: 5% iodine solution, hydrogen peroxide, chlorhexidine, fucorcin, etc.
• Accelerate the exit of accumulated pus with the help of suction ointments or special devices at hand.
• Avoid getting liquids, soaps and cosmetics on the damaged area of ​​the skin. Do not comb or rub the purulent formation, in order to avoid infection.
• It is necessary to completely remove the purulent fluid and the necrotic rod. To do this, you need to wait for time - about 3-4 days is required for the abscess to break through.
• After a breakthrough, treat the dermis with an antiseptic and healing ointment.
• If the formation of a scar on the skin is noticed, it is important to immediately begin therapy using special agents for resorption and prevention of scarring.

What to do at home to get rid of pus?

Before the abscess breaks through, it is important to use therapeutic ointments with a pulling action. It can be ichthyol and heparin ointments, Vishnevsky liniment. Such drugs accelerate the process of opening the boil and releasing accumulated pus under the skin. For large inflammations, compresses soaked in ointment are applied at night. After the abscess breaks through, the damaged area is cauterized with an antiseptic and the wound is generously smeared with a healing ointment.

To draw out pus from a mature boil at home, various compresses and lotions prepared from improvised means and medicinal plants are used. The method with a bottle or other container with a narrow neck is considered effective. This method is dangerous and should be used with caution. Manipulation algorithm:

1. take a piece of cotton wool and wind it around a metal rod;
2. soak the cotton wool with alcohol and set it on fire;
3. place burning cotton wool in a glass bottle or medical jar for 5-10 seconds;
4. immediately after heating, attach the container to the boil for 10 minutes;
5. after removal, seal the inflamed area with a plaster or apply a sterile bandage.

Deletion rules

If a person does not have free time and a desire to visit a medical facility, he decides to squeeze out the boil on his own at home. Carrying out the procedure for eliminating the boil requires a thorough approach, since it is very important to do everything right and not to infect. The order of the procedure:

1. before you start squeezing chiria, you should thoroughly wash your hands with a disinfectant or laundry soap;
2. the inflamed area and the skin around it are wiped with alcohol or chlorhexidine solution;
3. extrusion of the boil occurs with the capture of the skin from the edges to the center;
4. after the pus has come out, do not touch it with your hands, carefully remove the chiria from the surface with a cotton swab dipped in alcohol;
5. continue squeezing until a small hole appears at the site of the wound (which indicates the removal of the rod), and blood begins to flow from it;
6. the wound is washed with an antiseptic and antibacterial ointment, the damaged area is sealed with a medical plaster.

Furuncle(syn. in everyday life - "abscess", "boil") - this is a variety staphyloderma(pustular inflammatory skin disease caused by microorganisms staphylococci). It is characterized by the development of a purulent-inflammatory process in the hair follicle and its surrounding tissue.

Furunculosis- a disease characterized by the appearance of a large number of boils in different parts of the skin.

Carbuncle- a disease in which several adjacent hair follicles become inflamed at once. We can say that these are several boils combined into one. The disease has a more severe course.

Furuncle prevalence

In recent years, the number of patients with boils of the face, especially the nose area, has increased.

* Pyoderma is a pustular skin disease. Generalizing concept that combines a large number of different diseases. The two main types of pyoderma are staphyloderma (purulent processes caused by staphylococci) and streptoderma (caused by streptococci).

Anatomy of the skin and hair follicles

Skin layers:

• Epidermis- the outer layer of the skin. Consists of several layers of epithelial cells. The deepest layer is responsible for the growth and reproduction of cells. The outer layer, horny, is represented by horny scales and performs a protective function.
• Dermis. It is located under the epidermis and fits snugly to it. Consists of connective tissue. It is the basis for the epidermis, contains blood vessels, nerves.
• Subcutaneous adipose tissue. Represented by adipose tissue.

Skin defense mechanisms

• Maintaining a certain level of acidity. The pH level of the skin is from 3 to 7. Under such conditions, only microorganisms that are representatives of the normal microflora can exist.
• Normal microflora. Microorganisms that are normally present on the surface of the skin prevent the reproduction of pathogens.
• Langerhans cell. These are specific immune cells that are found in the epidermis. They take part in providing immune protection, produce interferon and lysozyme- substances that destroy pathogenic microorganisms.

The structure of the hair and hair follicle

hair structure:

• hair shaft- a thin part of the hair that protrudes above the surface of the skin.
• hair root- part of the hair, located in the thickness of the skin, in the hair follicle.

At the bottom of the hair follicle is its expanded part. It contains a hair follicle - a club-shaped extended lower end of the hair. The hair follicle contains the cells that divide and grow the hair. A connective tissue papilla grows into the hair follicle and hair follicle. It contains blood vessels and nerves for nourishment and innervation of the hair.

In the upper part of the hair follicle, an extension in the form of a funnel is also formed - its mouth. The duct of the sebaceous (any hair) and sweat (only hair located on certain parts of the body) glands flow into it.

The sebaceous glands flowing into the mouth of the hair follicle

Sebum has a complex structure. It has bactericidal properties - it is able to destroy pathogens that enter the surface of the skin.

The production of sebum in humans is mainly regulated by the adrenal glands and sex hormones. The more testosterone present in the body, the more active the sebaceous glands work.

Sweat glands that secrete a secret at the mouth of the hair follicle

Apocrine sweat glands are located in the armpits, around the nipples, genitals and anus.

Causes of boils and furunculosis

Who is staphylococcus?

How can the same bacterium be both harmless (and sometimes even beneficial) and very dangerous?

The fact is that there are different strains of staphylococci. Strain is a group within a species, like breeds in dogs.

Some strains are completely harmless to humans. Other conditionally pathogenic, that is, they can cause infections only with a decrease in immunity and other special circumstances. Still others always cause disease if they enter the body.

Normally, 90% of staphylococci found on human skin are harmless strains. 10% are pathogenic, but there are so few of them that they are not capable of causing a purulent process. Boils and furunculosis develop in cases where this ratio changes greatly.

What features of the skin predispose to the appearance of boils?

• excessive sweating: with the constant action of sweat, the structure and protective properties of the skin are disturbed
• scratching and damage caused by other diseases and skin disorders
• frequent skin injuries: abrasions, scratches, abrasions - any infection easily penetrates through these defects
• constant contact of the skin with discharge from the nose and ears in their chronic diseases: rhinitis, otitis media, etc.
• skin pollution, non-observance of personal hygiene rules: most often, boils form on the back of the neck, as a lot of dirt and sweat accumulate here, there is constant friction on the collar
• violations of skin protection as a result of occupational hazards: constant contact with lubricating oils, dust (coal, cement, lime, etc.), aggressive chemicals

Decreased immunity

Factors leading to a decrease in immune forces and furunculosis:

• severe chronic infectious and inflammatory diseases: tonsillitis, bronchitis, frequent pneumonia, rhinitis and sinusitis, otitis, etc.;
• diseases accompanied by a decrease in immunity: HIV;
• reception immunosuppressants(drugs designed specifically to suppress the immune system in autoimmune diseases), cytostatics(drugs for the destruction of tumor cells), the use of radiation therapy;
• hypothermia or overheating;
• insufficient and malnutrition, hypovitaminosis.

Hormonal disorders

Furunculosis can be considered as a complication of long-term diabetes mellitus. The disease leads to impaired blood flow in small vessels. As a result, the skin does not receive enough oxygen and nutrients. Dystrophic processes occur in it, defense mechanisms decrease. Staphylococci penetrate the hair follicles more easily.

Excess adrenal function

Glucocorticoid hormones are secreted in the cortex (outer layer) of the adrenal glands. They have many effects.

Effects of glucocorticoids contributing to the occurrence of boils:

• immunosuppression, reduced skin protection
• an increase in the production of sebum, which, accumulating on the skin and in the lumen of the sebaceous glands, turns into a breeding ground for pathogens

Stages of development of a boil

Stage	Characteristic
Infiltrative stage	Appears on the surface of the skin infiltrate- an area of ​​edema, redness and induration. It is painful, gradually increases in size, reaching an average of 1-3 cm. The skin around the infiltrate also becomes swollen and painful. Disturbs the feeling of tingling. A characteristic feature: an infiltrate always forms around the hair, since staphylococci primarily affect the hair follicle and multiply inside it. At this stage of the boil, the phrase "the boil is brewing" is often used in everyday life.
Purulent-necrotic stage	It is noted 3 to 4 days after the onset of the first symptoms of a boil. In the center of the infiltrate, a core appears, consisting of pus and dead tissues. Its end protrudes above the surface of the skin in the form of an abscess. At a certain point in time, a thin layer of tissue covering the rod bursts, pus and dead tissue come out. After that, there is a significant improvement. All symptoms decrease: swelling and redness begin to disappear, pain no longer bothers. In the common people, this state is denoted by the phrase "boil broke."
Healing stage	After rejection of pus, the wound left in place of the boil begins to heal. If the boil was small, then after healing, there are no signs left on the skin. Large ulcers leave scars behind.

Symptoms of furunculosis

Areas of the body where boils are most common:

• face: nose, nasolabial triangle(area of ​​skin between the nose and upper lip), ear area
• back of the neck: in this case, the fact that the skin of the neck constantly experiences friction when in contact with the collar plays a certain role
• forearms
• buttocks and thighs

Symptoms of a boil on the face

Characteristic symptoms and complaints of patients with a furuncle of the nose:

• the boil quickly becomes noticeable, since even with a small size it leads to a cosmetic defect
• there is severe pain
• pain in the area of ​​​​the boil intensifies during movements of the mimic muscles, shaving, washing;
• boils of the face more often than in other places, accompanied by fever, general malaise
• headaches are reported
• boils, small in size, resemble acne (pimples), attempts to squeeze them out are accompanied by severe pain.

The veins of the face are connected with the veins of the skull. When you try to squeeze out a boil on the face, with careless pressing on it, the work of facial muscles, with a decrease in immunity, the infection can penetrate into the venous bed and lead to the development of thrombophlebitis - inflammation of the walls of the veins with the formation of blood clots. The face becomes edematous, acquires a cyanotic color, it hurts to touch it. The general condition of the patient is severely disturbed, the body temperature rises to 40⁰C.

Further, the infection can spread into the cranial cavity, leading to meningitis(inflammation of the meninges) meningoencephalitis(inflammation of the meninges and brain matter), sepsis(generalized inflammation).

There is a rule in purulent surgery: boils on the face that are located above the upper lip should be treated with the utmost care.

Symptoms of a furuncle under the arm

In general, the axillary furuncle is accompanied by the same symptoms as furuncles of other localization. An increase in soreness is noted during movements in the shoulder joints, careless touches and pressure on the boil.

Symptoms of a boil in the groin and on the lower limb

Conditions that can complicate the furuncle of the inguinal region and lower limb:

• Regional lymphadenitis. Inflammation of the lymph nodes located in the area of ​​​​the boil. It appears as a painful bump under the skin. With a boil in the groin, the inguinal lymph nodes are most often affected.
• Regional lymphangitis. Inflammation of the lymphatic vessel located next to the boil. It manifests itself in the form of a painful band under the skin. Often lymphangitis is combined with lymphadenitis.

Symptoms of a boil in the genital area

Symptoms of a boil on the buttocks and back of the thigh

Furunculosis

Types of furunculosis, depending on the severity of the process:

• acute furunculosis: there are many boils on the skin at the same time
• chronic furunculosis: consecutive appearance of boils, when some disappear, while others appear - this form of the disease usually proceeds for a very long time

• disseminated(common) furunculosis: boils are all over the body;
• localized(limited) furunculosis: all boils are concentrated in only one limited area.

Causes of furunculosis

Symptoms of furunculosis

Complications of furunculosis

The most common complications of furunculosis:

• lymphadenitis- inflammation of nearby lymph nodes;
• lymphangitis- inflammation of nearby lymphatic vessels;
• sepsis, or, in common people - blood poisoning - a severe generalized infectious process;
• meningitis and meningoencephalitis inflammation of the meninges and the substance of the brain when the infection enters the cranial cavity (with damage to the skin of the face and head);
• arthritis - inflammation in the joints (with skin lesions in the joints);
• glomerulonephritis - inflammatory disease of the kidneys.

Treatment of furunculosis

When should you see a doctor to open a boil?

Treatment methods for uncomplicated boils at the stage of infiltration:

• wiping the skin in the area of ​​​​the abscess with an antiseptic solution, most often with ordinary medical alcohol
• frequent hand washing with soap and antiseptics
• cauterization of the boil itself with a solution of iodine (5%)
• applying dry heat to the boil (in no case do compresses on the boil area: this helps to loosen the abscess and spread it to the surrounding tissues)
• UHF therapy
• laser therapy

Treatment methods for uncomplicated boils at the stage of rod formation

What is important to remember:

• only a doctor after an examination can say exactly at what stage the boil is and whether it is ready to break through
• in no case should you try to squeeze out the abscess yourself: any pressure on the boil can cause it to spread to the surrounding tissues

• The doctor applies a bandage with several crystals of salicylic acid to the skin in the area of ​​​​the boil. After some time, they corrode the cover of the boil and contribute to the release of the purulent-necrotic rod.
• The doctor removes the purulent-necrotic rod with a thin clamp. This is done very carefully, avoiding pressure on the boil.

When is surgical treatment indicated for a boil?

Is it possible to squeeze out a boil?

It is especially dangerous to squeeze boils on the face.

When to start taking antibiotics with a boil?

Conditions for which antibiotic therapy is indicated:

• complications of boils: lymphadenitis, lymphangitis, thrombophlebitis, etc.
• boils located in the face
• boils that occur against the background of other serious diseases: diabetes mellitus, severe infections, HIV, etc.

In addition to the use of antibiotics, such general treatment methods as UV therapy, anti-inflammatory drugs are used.

What to do if boils often appear? Furunculosis treatment.

Self-treatment of furunculosis most often does not bring effect. Improper treatment can lead to further spread of the process and severe complications. To prescribe the correct therapy, you must consult a doctor.

Treatment methods for furunculosis :

What to do if the boil opens on its own, but a lot of pus flows out of it?

Alternative methods of treatment of boils

Coniferous baths for boils

Substances that contain pine and spruce needles:

• phytoncides- destroy pathogens
• vitamin C- is an antioxidant, protects cells from damage, increases protective functions
• tannins– tone the skin and close the skin pores.

Treatment of a boil with aloe leaves

This method is used for a maturing boil ( in the stage of infiltration and purulent-necrotic stage) in order to accelerate its breakthrough and rejection of the purulent-necrotic rod.

Aloe is a houseplant that is often grown in pots. It has succulent leaves. To accelerate the breakthrough of the boil, use their juice. An aloe leaf is cut and applied with a cut to the abscess, fixing with adhesive tape. So you need to walk constantly, replacing the aloe leaf 1 - 2 times a day.

Preparation of ointment from boils

Ingredients:

• beeswax - 100 grams
• unrefined vegetable oil - 500 ml
• spruce sulfur - a small amount
• the lower part of the bulb - 10 pieces

Mode of application: periodically lubricate the places where boils occur.

Treatment of a boil with garlic

Substances found in garlic:

• phytoncides - destroy pathogenic microorganisms;
• adaptogens - tone up living organs and tissues, increase the protective forces.

Method 2. Grate a clove of garlic. Attach to the boil and secure with adhesive tape. Walk like this throughout the day until the abscess matures and breaks.

Ointments for furunculosis

The effectiveness of ichthyol ointment in the treatment of furunculosis

The antibacterial properties of ichthyol ointment apply to all strains of streptococci and staphylococci.

A pronounced analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect of ichthyol ointment appears a few hours after it is applied to the surface of the boil.

Method of application of ichthyol ointment for furunculosis

The effectiveness of Vishnevsky's ointment in the treatment of furunculosis

Basic actions: disinfectant, irritant. Ointment Vishnevsky destroys many types of pathogens. By irritating the skin, it stimulates tissue regeneration. With a boil, Vishnevsky's ointment helps soften the walls of the abscess and penetrate deep into the tissues. This creates a threat of development of a subcutaneous abscess - an abscess. Therefore, the use of Vishnevsky ointment for boils is not practiced.

Why does a boil occur and how does it manifest itself in a pregnant woman?

Reasons for development

However the expectant mother is at risk two additional factors:

• Under the influence of hormones that are produced during pregnancy, physiological decrease in immune activity future mother. Thanks to such a hormonal restructuring, the immune system of a pregnant woman “does not see” the fetus - a “stranger” for her own body. This condition is necessary to maintain pregnancy so that the mother's immune system does not reject the fetus.
• When carrying a future mother provides the fetus nutrients, minerals and vitamins. Therefore, they need additional input from outside. However, if this does not happen, then the activity of the immune system decreases even more in the pregnant woman.

Symptoms

However, taking into account the hormonal changes in the body of the expectant mother general symptoms diseases are sometimes somewhat more pronounced: body temperature rises more often, general malaise and headache appear.

Why is a boil dangerous during pregnancy?

For mother

For the fetus

In the first trimester

The laying of internal organs is disturbed, which leads to the formation of congenital malformations: heart, kidneys and others. And often they are incompatible with life, so a miscarriage occurs.

In the second trimester

• Intrauterine infection of the fetus is mainly manifested after birth. When the lungs are affected, pneumonia or pleurisy develops, the heart - carditis, the meninges - meningitis and others.
• When the membranes become infected, fetoplacental insufficiency develops (a syndrome in which all functions of the placenta are impaired). As a result, the fetus experiences oxygen starvation, its growth and development is delayed, and the risk of preterm birth increases.
• There is a high probability of developing mastitis in the mother after the birth of the child.

What are the causes of chronic furunculosis?

• Severe disturbances in the work of all parts of the immune system - for example, with HIV infection, congenital immunodeficiency.
• At taking drugs to treat cancer- cytostatics that disrupt the division and development of all body cells, including tumor cells.
• For autoimmune diseases(psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus) drugs are used that suppress the activity of the immune system (Arava, Methotrexate, Metipred).
• Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract: chronic gastroduodenitis, chronic cholecystitis, erosive bulbitis and others.
• Violation of the normal intestinal microflora with a predominance of coccal forms, which include Staphylococcus aureus.
• The presence of foci of chronic infection. Most often - ENT organs: tonsillitis (tonsillitis), sinusitis, pharyngitis and others.
• Endocrine diseases that cause a violation of carbohydrate metabolism (diabetes mellitus), the production of hormones by the thyroid gland (thyroiditis) and sex glands (hypogonadism, amenorrhea).
• The presence of allergic diseases or a tendency to allergic reactions: bronchial asthma, allergy to house dust and others. Since in these cases the work of the immune system is also disrupted.

What are the symptoms of chronic furunculosis?

The course and manifestations of the disease are determined by the severity

What are the causes of boils in children?

The main "culprit" of the boil is Staphylococcus aureus. However, normally its reproduction is restrained by the immune system. Whereas with the combined effect of certain local and general factors, a disease develops.

Local factors

• Constant rubbing of clothes or minor skin injuries(abrasions, abrasions, scratches), which is not uncommon in children.
• Allergic diseases such as atopic dermatitis. There is dryness of the skin, erosion and peeling appear on the skin, the child scratches the skin due to itching, the immune system is disrupted.
• Close contact with contaminated objects- for example while playing outside or in the sandbox.
• Features of the structure of the skin: children have a thin upper (horny) layer of the skin, it has a well-developed network of capillaries and blood supply. Therefore, any microbes enter the skin easily, and then quickly spread with the blood or lymph to other areas.
• Non-compliance with personal hygiene leads to the fact that children with unwashed palms bring bacteria into a wound or abrasion.

General Factors

• Presence in the body foci of chronic infection, in which colonies of staphylococci live (isolated cluster). Of these, with the flow of blood and / or lymph, bacteria are carried to all organs and tissues, including the skin. Diseases from the ENT organs are in the lead: chronic tonsillitis, sinusitis (sinusitis, frontal sinusitis).


• Imperfect immune system, which matures in the process of growing up. Therefore, microbes easily penetrate the body without encountering obstacles in their path.


• endocrine disorders. In children and adolescents, as a rule, hormonal instability of the body plays a large role in the occurrence of boils.
  Under the influence of sex hormones, the work of the sebaceous glands is disrupted. Increased production of sebum begins, which leads to blockage of the exit (mouth) of the sebaceous glands of the hair follicle (sac). In such conditions, the infection is easier to join. In addition, sebum is an excellent breeding ground for staphylococci.
  However, other endocrine diseases often contribute to the development of furunculosis in adolescents and children - for example, diabetes mellitus or thyroid dysfunction.


• Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract: gastritis, colitis, ulcer and others. The digestion of food is disturbed, as well as the intake of microelements and vitamins into the body. In addition, Staphylococcus aureus may also be present in the intestines.


• Anemia, lack of vitamins and nutrients, physical or emotional overstrain, anorexia in adolescents(decreased appetite, deliberate refusal to eat) lead to disruption of the immune system.


• Intensive work of sweat and sebaceous glands is due to immaturity of thermoregulation processes in children under seven years of age. As a result, sweat and sebum quickly accumulate on the surface of the skin. According to studies, under such conditions, local immunity decreases, and the protective function of the skin decreases by 17 times.


• Helminthiases lower the activity of the immune system, which is quite common in children.

What are the symptoms of boils in children?

Whereas on the skin of the palms and soles, a boil never forms, since there is no hair in these areas.

There are two forms of the disease:

• There is a large single abscess on a limited area of ​​the skin. In this case, with timely and adequate treatment, recovery usually occurs within 8-10 days.
• Furunculosis develops: many boils appear on the skin. The disease in its course is acute and chronic.

Single furuncle in children

However in children during the course of the disease there are some differences:

• As a rule, several more pronounced symptoms intoxication: the body temperature rises to high numbers (38-39 ° C), a general malaise appears, the child refuses to eat, complains of a headache.
• Despite the rapid course of the disease, usually cure in children occurs in a shorter time than in adults. In addition, a chronic process develops less often.
• Furuncle in young children(up to three years) is most often located in places that are difficult to access for treatment - for example, at the base of the nasal passages.
  Whereas at preschoolers and younger students boils are mainly located on the nose (clips, back and base of the nasal passages), forehead, cheeks and chin.
  In other areas of the skin, boils develop less frequently.
• Due to the location of boils, as well as abundant and good blood supply to the skin, there is high risk of infection from the primary focus with the development of acute furunculosis or complications (sepsis, cavernous vein thrombosis, and others).

Furunculosis in children

Acute furunculosis in children

There are several boils on the skin that occur almost simultaneously. Therefore, they are at the same stage of development.

In this case, as a rule, the general condition of the child is sharply disturbed: he becomes lethargic and refuses to eat, his body temperature rises to high numbers and is difficult to lower.

In this case, the course of the disease usually resembles a severe infectious process. Moreover, the general trend is as follows: the younger the child, the more severe the disease.

Chronic furunculosis in children

Usually, boils are at different stages of development: at the same time, red tubercles, abscesses, and wounds after rejection of pus can be seen on the skin.

However, most often the disease occurs in a relapsing form: periods of exacerbation alternate with periods of apparent well-being (remission).

The general condition of the child is usually disturbed when new boils appear, resembling the acute course of the disease.

How to treat chronic furunculosis?

Basic principles

At the compaction stage - local treatment with antiseptics, UVI, applications with antibacterial ointments. At the stage of rod formation, if necessary, boils are opened, drained, treated with antiseptic solutions, dressings with antibacterial ointments are applied. When indicated, antibiotics are prescribed, taking into account the sensitivity of the microbe to them.
2. Impact on the underlying disease

It is carried out at any stage of the development of furunculosis: treatment of foci of chronic infection, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, endocrine diseases (for example, diabetes mellitus) and others. Therapy is carried out by specialized specialists: ENT doctor, endocrinologist, gastroenterologist and others.
3. Improving the functioning of the immune system

The immunologist prescribes drugs depending on the type of violation of the immune system and the stage of the course of the disease. With timely treatment, chronic furunculosis is cured in 80% of cases within 1-2 months of treatment.

How to increase immunity with furunculosis?

During an exacerbation

A drug	Mechanism of action	Method of application and duration
Polyoxidonium	Increasing activity phagocytes (macrophages, neutrophils) - cells that protect the body by digesting foreign particles and pathogens. They enhance the production of antibodies - blood serum proteins that combine with a microbe or virus, and then remove them from the body.	Intramuscularly 6-12 mg once a day. In tablets for resorption under the tongue 2-3 times a day for half an hour before meals. The dose for adolescents is 12 mg, for adults 12-24 mg. Course - 6-12 days, and sometimes longer.
Galavit	Restores the activity of macrophages, which destroy microbes and viruses by digestion. Regulates the production of cytokines - proteins that provide information transfer between molecules and cells of the immune system. Normalizes the production of antibodies.	Daily for adults and children over 12 years old - 100 mg, for children under 12 years old - 50 mg. The drug can be taken in injections, suppositories or tablets. Course - 15 days.
Myelopid	Increases the level of B-lymphocytes - cells of the immune system that produce antibodies. Normalizes the level of CD4 cells (lymphocytes), which send a signal to the immune system killer cells (T-killers), which destroy microbes and viruses.	3-6 mg intramuscularly daily or every other day. Course - 3-5 injections.
Immunoglobulin class G preparations: Octagam, Gabriglobin, Intraglobin (used when Galavit is ineffective)	Compensate for the deficiency of class G immunoglobulins (IgG), which provide long-term immunity against pathogens of many infections. Moreover, for each microbe or virus in the body, its own IgG is produced.	Drugs are administered intravenously only in a hospital setting. The dosage and duration of treatment depend on the specific drug used and the course of the disease.

Medicines are not yet widely used. However, according to recent studies, their use has reliably established positive changes in the functioning of the immune system.

When using Neogen in remission:

1. The number and ratio of T- and B-lymphocytes are normalized.
2. The activity of phagocytes in relation to Staphylococcus aureus increases.
3. The level of CD4 cells normalizes .

Treatment regimen: daily administration of 1 ml of a 0.01% solution intramuscularly. Course - 10 injections.

When using Seramil at the stage of remission and / or exacerbation:

1. The level of B-lymphocytes is normalized.
2. The content of CD8-lymphocytes decreases - cells of the immune system, which normally complete the body's immune response when the "stranger" has already been destroyed. However, with an excess of CD8 lymphocytes, the immune system completes its work much earlier, before it can cope with a microbe or virus. Therefore, it does not fulfill its main function - protective.

Treatment regimen: intramuscular injection of 5 mg of the drug. Course - 5 injections.

How to treat a boil for pregnant women?

Local treatment

However, in this case, only drugs are used, approved for use during pregnancy:

• Antiseptics- drugs that prevent or inhibit the growth of bacteria - Betadine (only up to 12 weeks of pregnancy), Chlorhexidine.
• Ointments- Levomekol, Ichthyol, Synthomycin.

General treatment

However, antibiotics are only used in case of emergency:

• When complications develop - for example, lymphadenitis (inflammation of the lymph nodes), lymphangitis (inflammation of the lymphatic vessels) and others.
• If the boil is in a dangerous place: face, neck, scalp.
• With acute or chronic furunculosis.
• In the presence of common diseases - for example, diabetes mellitus, HIV infection, pyelonephritis and others.

Treatment of foci of chronic infection

local processing

1. Antiseptic solutions are used, which are approved for use during pregnancy, and also inhibit the growth and reproduction of Staphylococcus aureus.

• alcohol solution used for gargling. Before use, it is diluted as follows: one teaspoon per 200 ml of warm water.
• oil solution the pharynx, the back wall of the pharynx, the tonsils are processed and the nasal cavity is buried.
• Spray irrigate the mouth, throat and nose.

2. Used staphylococcal bacteriophage which is safe for the fetus:

• The nasopharynx is irrigated: two or three pipettes of the solution are injected into each nasal passage. Whatever goes down the throat, swallow it.
• Then you should leave in the cavity of each nostril for 5-7 minutes a cotton turunda soaked in a bacteriophage.

Moreover, both drugs are also good because when carriage of staphylococcus in the intestine they can be used internally.

How to protect the fetus from infection?

What vitamins to take for furunculosis?

Vitamin C increases the body's resistance to infections, improving the functioning of the immune system.

B vitamins normalize the work of the stomach, intestines, liver, endocrine glands (for example, thyroid), nervous system, participate in protein synthesis and other processes.

It is not difficult to make up for the deficiency of such a quantity of vitamins at the same time. Since the modern pharmaceutical industry offers a wide range of combined vitamin preparations containing also minerals such as iron, calcium and others. For example Vitrum, Multi-Tabs, Centrum.

However, practice proves that it is still better take vitamins separately, small courses.

For example, drugs with B group vitamins- brewer's yeast, Milgamma, Neurobeks, Tricortin and others. You can also make up for the deficiency of B vitamins by taking biologically active supplements - for example, Mega B Complex, vitamins of the B-BAD "Tiens" group.

Vitamin C or ascorbic acid available in tablets or pills with similar names.

How is a boil treated for diabetes?

However, in diabetes mellitus, the main emphasis is on the normalization of metabolism and carbohydrates: diet therapy (discussed in the section below) and prescription of drugs.

Type II diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent)

Two groups of medicines are prescribed:

• Drugs that increase the sensitivity of cell receptors to insulin and reduce the absorption of glucose from the intestine: Glucophage, Metformin.
• Drugs that stimulate pancreatic cells to synthesize insulin - for example, Gliclazide, Diabefarm, Maninil and others.

Type I diabetes mellitus (insulin dependent)

There are insulins that have different effects in duration: short, medium and long.

Ideally, the patient should receive long-term and / or intermediate insulin during the day. Thus, a dosed intake of insulin into the body is achieved, which mimics the normal functioning of the pancreas.

Whereas short insulins are usually used only when necessary: ​​for example, before taking a heavy meal or a small dose of alcohol.

Unfortunately, however, this treatment is quite expensive. Therefore, patients often “sit” on short insulin for many years, which aggravates the course of diabetes mellitus and leads to the development of complications.

We need carbohydrates in moderation as a universal source of energy for all processes in the body.

However, when they are overabundant in the body, completely different mechanisms are triggered that lead to metabolic disorders, which impairs the functioning of the immune system. In addition, glucose entering the tissues from the blood is an excellent nutrient medium for Staphylococcus aureus.

2. Unwanted fried, salty, sour and spicy foods. Since their use disrupts the work of the gastrointestinal tract.

As a result, the absorption of vitamins, trace elements and nutrients that are necessary for the full functioning of the immune system and the body as a whole is reduced. In addition, with such a diet, the number of beneficial bacteria in the intestine decreases, which leads to an increase in the growth of pathogens.

3. Extractives, which go into solution when cooking meat, fish, vegetables and mushrooms (broth). Because they increase the production of gastric and intestinal juice, stimulating digestion, increasing the load on the gastrointestinal tract.

In addition, they are quickly absorbed into the bloodstream and increase the load on the liver, have an irritating effect on the skin.

4. You should refrain from products that are known to cause an allergic reaction: chocolate, citrus fruits, products containing preservatives and / or dyes, eggs and others .

2. vegetable fats(sunflower, olive oil). They have a high content of vitamins A and E, which improve wound healing, reduce allergic reactions and increase the body's resistance to infections.

3. Animal fats(butter) it is better to limit, but not completely exclude from the diet.

4. Fresh vegetables and fruits- sources of vitamins and trace elements that are necessary for the functioning of the immune system and wound healing. In addition, they improve the functioning of the digestive system.

5. In the absence of problems with the gastrointestinal tract, you can use bean dishes(beans, peas). They contain a lot of vegetable proteins, vitamins (A, B, C and group B), minerals (magnesium, calcium, sodium).

6. Dried fruits(raisins, dried apricots, prunes, figs) replace sweets, are sources of vitamins and microelements (potassium, vitamin A, groups B and C). They also contain fiber, which improves the functioning of the digestive tract.

7. Useful porridge(oatmeal, buckwheat, pearl barley, millet), which are rich in vitamins, minerals and amino acids (building blocks for protein).

8. Spices. Previously, it was believed that their use should be limited or excluded in furunculosis. However, studies were conducted at the Chita State Medical Academy that proved that some spices can inhibit the growth and reproduction of Staphylococcus aureus in the intestines. These include turmeric, red pepper, mustard, and cloves.

9. You can replace sugar sorbitol or xylitol. Moreover, xylitol is preferable, since it also regulates the metabolism of fats and carbohydrates.

You can also use natural sweetener- stevia and extract from its leaves. In addition to giving sweetness to dishes, it also has a lot of useful properties: it normalizes the metabolism of fats and carbohydrates, contains vitamins (B1, B2, C, precursors of vitamin A), lowers blood cholesterol.