Pain in the stomach lining. How to treat inflammation in the stomach? Video - SOS signals for your stomach

Most commonly affected the inner layer stomach, mucous membrane exposed to aggressive factors. Most people suffer from this inflammation, which is called "gastritis".

Classification of the disease, its causes

The mucous membrane of the stomach lines the organ from the inside with an even layer, producing hydrochloric acid and enzymes for the digestion of food masses and mucus that protects the organ from the influence of its own acid and others. external factors. To inflammation gastric mucosa may crash acid balance due to many reasons.

According to the level of acidity, they are divided into:

hyperacid (increased content of hydrochloric acid);
hypoacid (its level is reduced);
anacid (hydrochloric acid is practically absent, which is rare).

According to the type of course, inflammation of the gastric mucosa is divided into acute and chronic (protracted or recurrent), according to severity - mild, medium degree heaviness and heavy. By the nature of the lesion of the mucous membrane, the disease is catarrhal, erosive, atrophic.

The causes that can lead to this disease are diverse, they can be divided into infectious, endogenous and exogenous.

The infectious factor is the presence in the thickness of the mucous colonies of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, discovered and studied by American physicians in the 70s of the last century. She is able to live and reproduce in acid environment. This discovery provided an explanation for the ineffectiveness of some traditional methods treatment of diseases of the stomach and allowed to introduce antibiotics into the therapy regimen.

Salmonella, staphylococci, and other types of bacteria that come with food can also cause pathology.

Exogenous factors are the most numerous group.

It includes:

violation of the diet;
food dry and in a hurry, without sufficient chewing;
eating food contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms;
preference in food given to fatty, fried, spicy dishes;
incorrect medication treatment;
alcohol and smoking, exposure to radioactive or chemical reagents.

Endogenous factors begin to act when the body is weakened, has chronic foci of infection (caries, activation conditionally pathogenic microflora), the presence of duodeno-gastric reflux (reflux of bile from duodenum in the stomach), a person's stay in constant stress.

Clinical picture of the disease

With an acute onset of inflammation of the gastric mucosa, bright and characteristics. The person experiences severe cutting or burning pain due to massive irritation nerve endings. It is localized in the epigastrium (upper third of the abdomen), accompanied by nausea, belching and vomiting of stomach contents mixed with acid or blood, falling blood pressure, dizziness and weakness.

With a strong pain syndrome, loss of consciousness is possible, signs are not uncommon general intoxication body with an increase in body temperature. This is how inflammation symptoms appear at the beginning of food or chemical poisoning, exposure to a massive dose of radiation. Urgent hospitalization is necessary in this case.

In case of non-compliance with medical recommendations, inadequate treatment or the presence of concomitant chronic pathology the acute form may become chronic. It has a protracted course, with a gradual increase in symptoms, or recurrent, when bouts of deterioration are replaced by periods of relative well-being. The pain syndrome in this case is smoother, observed after eating, there is nausea, symptoms of flatulence, loss of appetite, fatigue and lethargy.

Depending on the level of acid in the stomach, belching is sour in the hyperacid form, and stale, rotten in the hypoacid form. Hyperacid inflammation is characterized by irritability, frequent mood swings, and hypoacid inflammation is characterized by weakness and fatigue. The chronic course of the disease requires permanent treatment, regular examinations by a gastroenterologist.

The occurrence of an erosive form of the disease is explained high level acidity in the stomach; This is a serious, pre-ulcerative condition.

Its symptoms include:

sharp pain immediately after eating
belching with a sour taste,
streaks of red blood in vomit
flatulence,
dark color of feces due to processed hemoglobin.

Continuous loss of blood in small doses leads to iron deficiency anemia. Treatment of anemia and erosions should be constant, until complete healing.

The atrophic form often appears with a lack of acid in the stomach. It is characterized by the almost complete absence of the mucosal layer. His symptoms are constant Blunt pain in the epigastrium, lack of appetite, weakness, weight loss. This type of disease is very dangerous, it is considered a precancerous condition.

Diagnosis and principles of therapy

Diagnosis is based on the clarification of the patient's complaints, symptoms of the disease, examination skin and mucous membranes, examination of all organs and systems by means of palpation (palpation) and percussion (tapping). For all forms of inflammation pain point localized in the epigastrium, this is confirmed by palpation. Laboratory and instrumental diagnostic methods are used. Blood, urine, feces for the Gregersen reaction, gastric contents are taken for analysis. An ultrasound is performed x-ray examination With contrast agent, gastroscopy, biopsy if necessary.

Treatment of the disease is based on an integrated approach:

Strict diet;
Normalization of the acidity of gastric juice;
Restoration of the integrity of the mucosa;
Antimicrobials.

Folk ways

Herbal medicines in treatment given inflammation very efficient.

To relieve symptoms of pain and nausea, use:

chamomile decoction,
alcohol tincture of calendula, diluted in warm water,
decoction of sea buckthorn berries with honey.

A decoction of green lettuce, yarrow or plantain will help relieve the symptoms of inflammation. To neutralize the effect of acid and stop the symptoms of a hyperacid state, a collection of chamomile, calendula, yarrow and plantain will help. With low acidity and poor appetite a decoction of wormwood, cumin, and also calamus is used.

Symptoms of mucosal damage will be removed by a decoction of flaxseed, mint leaves, blackcurrant, daily intake of propolis. Freshly squeezed carrot juice heals small erosions, restores the integrity of the mucous membrane. grated green apple soothes aching pain with low acidity. Symptoms of the erosive form of the disease will decrease when taking decoctions of Potentilla, Highlander bird and plantain.

Diet

Proper nutrition, strict adherence to a diet is the basis of treatment. The set of allowed products depends on the level of acidity of gastric juice. In the treatment of hypoacid inflammation, diet No. 1 is prescribed: meat and fish broths, liquid cereals, steamed meat and meatballs, boiled vegetables, omelet, jelly. At hyperacidity – vegetable soups, boiled chicken, mashed vegetables and fruits, steamed meatballs, unleavened dough pastries.

In all forms of the disease, salted, smoked, fatty, pickled foods, canned food, mushrooms, fatty milk and sour cream are excluded from the diet. Daily calorie content should be about 3000 kcal, this will help the patient eat fully, restore lost weight. Compliance with the diet chronic course disease should be constant, which guarantees rare exacerbations.

Treatment of all forms of inflammation of the gastric mucosa should be carried out under the supervision of a gastroenterologist. Do not use new methods without his advice. Inattention to one's health, non-compliance with the diet and doctor's prescriptions can lead to serious consequences.

The harmless inflammation of the stomach, intestines or duodenum, which can be found in most people, can eventually turn into life-threatening diseases: ulcers, malignant tumor. Therefore, gastritis and duodenitis cannot be ignored.

If after eating there is pain or even just discomfort, then this means that it is time to treat the gastrointestinal tract.

Factors triggering inflammatory processes in the gastrointestinal tract

Inflammation of the mucosa small intestine, duodenum and stomach can begin in any person.

There are many factors that can cause gastritis and duodenitis in a person of any age. The disease can be acute or chronic.

In the inner walls of the stomach there are glands that secrete digestive enzymes and hydrochloric acid, which are necessary for the digestion of food.

Also in the body there are glands that produce mucus that protects the walls from caustic gastric juice.

With inflammation of the stomach or duodenum, enzymes and mucus are secreted in smaller quantities, digestion is disturbed, from which the whole body suffers.

Symptoms of acute gastritis is a sudden strong pain in the solar plexus, weakness and " cold sweat". If a acute gastritis not start on time and competently treat, then it goes into chronic form.

Chronic inflammation of the intestines or stomach can "smolder" for years, sometimes for a lifetime. The person only feels slight discomfort before or after meals.

These symptoms do not interfere with full life. But at any moment the situation can change.

If the body weakens or act additional factors that injure the mucous membrane, then the inflammation of the stomach is activated and an exacerbation of gastritis will begin, fraught with the spread of inflammation to other organs digestive tract.

For example, there may be inflammation upper division duodenum and small intestine.

The following unfavorable factors for the body can cause inflammation of the intestines, stomach or duodenum:

infection of the duodenum, small intestine and stomach with bacteria from the Helicobacter group - bacteria secrete substances that corrode and irritate the epithelium of the stomach and intestines;
radiation damage;
burns, injuries of the stomach and intestines;
stress;
irregular meals, excessive consumption of spicy, fried, salty;
extreme diet;
internal causes: anatomical features, hormonal disorders.

Such anatomical feature like organ prolapse abdominal cavity(most often it is prolapse of the stomach and prolapse of the intestine) cannot cause inflammatory processes in the gastrointestinal tract.

Gastroptosis - prolapse of the stomach and intestines - occurs for the same reasons as inflammation: not proper nutrition, unbalanced diet.

Infection bacteria Helicobacter occurs through water, food and contact with infected people.

At strong immunity bacteria are not very annoying and do not show any symptoms.

But as soon as the immune system weakens, the bacteria multiply rapidly, causing inflammation of the intestinal walls or duodenum.

A cardiologist may advise taking aspirin tablets to prevent stroke.

This medicine is useful for of cardio-vascular system, as it inhibits thrombosis and helps to keep bloodstream clean.

You need to carefully read the instructions and take the pills prescribed by the doctor correctly. So, you can take aspirin daily without harming the mucosa, if you drink pills large quantity water or drink them after meals.

You can also replace regular aspirin tablets with modern analogue in a shell that prevents the resorption of the tablet in the stomach.

Symptoms of inflammation

Doctors distinguish several types of inflammation, depending on the place of their localization and the characteristics of the course.

Simplistically, all gastritis can be combined into two groups: inflammation with low acidity and inflammation with hyperacidity. The symptoms of all gastritis included in the general group will be similar.

Acidity readings can be taken with a probe or more modern way- introduce a special sensor into the stomach that will track changes in pH over a certain period of time.

This study is called pH-metry. In some cases, it makes sense to determine the acidity indirectly by examining the pH level of the urine.

Gastritis with high acidity occurs with severe heartburn. The pain begins some time after eating and is concentrated in the area of the solar plexus.

After taking food or drugs that are harmful to the stomach, the pain becomes especially severe.

You can recognize gastritis with low acidity by frequent belching with the smell of hydrogen sulfide. There is no pain in the stomach as such.

A person is tormented by gases, bloating of the large intestine, constipation or diarrhea - these are consequences of poor digestion of food.

Chronic gastritis has different symptoms but they all wear minor character.

You can suspect chronic gastritis if a person has the following symptoms:

irregular bowel movements;
yellow or gray coating in the language;
reduced performance;
flatulence;
anemia, drowsiness,
breaks into a cold sweat;
often without objective reasons diarrhea or constipation occurs.

Chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa is dangerous by atrophy of the epithelium. After that, the glands stop working, and atypical cells appear in place of normal cells - these are symptoms of cancer.

This type of inflammation is erosive gastritis, which occurs with increased acidity, does not cause much discomfort until a person begins sharp pain in a stomach.

On gastroscopy, in this case, a stomach ulcer is detected, which arose after erosive inflammation completely destroyed the glands that produce mucus protecting the walls.

Inflammation treatment

Symptoms of inflammation of the duodenum and stomach are not specific. For example, the same symptoms indicate prolapse of the abdominal organs: prolapse of the stomach and prolapse of the intestines.

Put correct diagnosis Only a doctor can, based on the results of tests and studies. Only a gastroenterologist can prescribe treatment for gastritis.
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To diagnose inflammation of the stomach, you will need to undergo the following studies:

Ultrasound of the stomach;
examination of the esophagus, duodenum and stomach with a gastroscope (patients call this study "swallowing the intestine");
biopsy of the gastric mucosa;
measurement of acidity of gastric juice;
a blood test to detect anemia;
examination of feces for the presence of blood in it;
test for Helicobacter pylori infection.

Treatment depends on the form of gastritis and its severity.

It is made up of four components:

diet;
treatment with drugs that normalize acidity;
treatment with medicines that restore the epithelium;
course antibiotic therapy if a Helicobacter pylori infection is confirmed.

Despite the fact that the doctor prescribes the treatment, the role of the patient himself is incredibly important, since the treatment of inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract involves compliance strict diet.

Treatment of gastritis of any form is impossible if the diet is not followed. You need to eat fractionally - 5 - 7 times a day. The diet itself involves a number of serious dietary restrictions.

Pevzner's diet No. 5 can be taken as a basis. Foods that can injure unhealthy epithelium are prohibited. These are spicy, sour, salty, spicy, fried and fatty foods.

With high acidity, you can not drink strong coffee and tea, there are rich broths - meat, fish and mushrooms, as they enhance secretion.

With low acidity, broths, on the contrary, should be present in the diet every day.

If inflammation occurs with low acidity, then you need a diet that excludes all foods that take a long time to digest. These are fried flour products: pancakes, pies, belyashi and others.

A diet is not only a set of dishes. Digestion begins in the mouth, so food must be chewed thoroughly so that saliva enzymes have time to act on it.

Such a diet improves digestion and makes it easier for the stomach to digest food.

There are many "folk" ways to treat gastritis. Among them, sometimes come across such exotic ones as alcohol treatment.

It can be unequivocally said - with inflammation of the stomach, alcohol intake is contraindicated. Ethanol irritates the walls of the stomach, so there are symptoms that indicate an exacerbation of the disease.

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa can start from a minor factor, for example, from the habit of eating spicy food every day. It is necessary to treat this disease for a long time and carefully.

You need a diet, you will have to undergo a series of examinations, drink pills and carefully follow the recommendations of a gastroenterologist for several months.

Therefore, it is better to start healthy lifestyle life and do not forget to eat regularly - then the digestive organs will not need treatment at all.

Inflammation of the mucous surface of the stomach in medicine is called gastritis. There are many types of diseases. And in addition to the treatment, they also differ in symptoms.

The following symptoms are typical for damage to the stomach:

pain localized in the abdomen top part);
decrease either complete absence desire to eat;
bouts of nausea accompanied by vomiting;
the formation of a dense white coating on the tongue;
increased salivation.

The diagnosis of "gastritis" can only be established after a complete diagnostic examination.

Symptoms of an acute form of gastritis

Signs of existing inflammation are quite diverse and depend on the form of pathology. But the following are common:

pain in the stomach;
bouts of nausea;
vomiting that does not bring relief;
problems with appetite (sometimes its complete absence);
gastrointestinal motility disorders (constipation / diarrhea);
severe heartburn;
rumbling in the stomach;
poor saliva production (dry mouth);
attacks of tachycardia;
increase in body temperature;
increased sweating;
headaches resembling a migraine attack.

There are several types of acute lesions of the stomach:

catarrhal;
erosive;
phlegmonous;
fibrinous;

Symptoms of catarrhal gastritis

Among the numerous inflammations, it is catarrhal gastritis that is the most common type, occurring without any significant changes in the gastric mucosa. But the missing treatment can cause it to go into a more complex form.

Most often, from the moment the aggressive agent begins to act on the gastric mucosa until the appearance of characteristic symptoms only a few hours pass. And typical features acute catarrhal gastritis worth mentioning:

bitter taste of belching;
severe heartburn;
increased production of saliva;
breath with a heavy sour smell;
vomiting (masses include particles undigested food, impurities of bile and mucus);
nausea;
bloating;
feeling of fullness in the stomach;
severe stool disorder (diarrhea);
pain different nature and intensity in the stomach area;
missing appetite;
general weakness.

Symptoms of erosive gastritis

This subtype of pathology is characterized by the formation of deep ulcerations on the surface of the inflamed gastric mucosa. In total, there are four types of erosive form of inflammation:

acute;
chronic format;
antral inflammation;
gastritis reflux.

Acute inflammation of the stomach, proceeding according to the erosive type, is diagnosed very rarely and is one of the most severe types of gastritis. The reason for the development acute form the disease in this case is the ingestion of poisons, chemicals and other aggressive agents.

The disease typically has an abrupt onset and the following symptoms:

strong;
almost incessant severe heartburn;
increased pain after eating and with an empty stomach;
bouts of nausea ending in vomiting;
mucus is present in the vomit, blood clots, gastric juice;
diarrhea is observed (the stool also contains impurities of blood).

Symptoms of chronic inflammation

Inflammation of the stomach in this case is called erosive-hemorrhagic gastritis. For pathology, the formation of multiple small ulcers on the surface of the mucosa is typical. They develop long time, sometimes for years.

Initially, the disease does not have any symptoms at all. And only with an exacerbation does the symptomatology characteristic of the pathology appear:

feeling of heaviness in the stomach (its upper part), especially after eating;
intermittent bouts of nausea;
loss of appetite;
bloating;
weakness.

For the chronic form of erosive gastritis, an exacerbation of symptoms in the autumn and spring months is typical.

Signs of erosive reflux gastritis

For reflux gastritis, the following manifestations are typical:

prolonged attacks of heartburn that form after drinking alcohol, as well as sweets, spicy and salty foods;
sour taste of saliva;
cough that appears after eating;
violation of intestinal motility (constipation / diarrhea);
weakness;
drowsiness;
increased appetite (especially at night);
the formation of stomatitis (rarely).

Symptoms of phlegmonous gastritis

Inflammation is diagnosed very rarely and is detected during surgical intervention. Associated complication- the formation of perigastritis and peritonitis.

Inflammation is accompanied by the following symptoms:

a sharp increase in body temperature with feverish conditions;
sharp adynamia;
pain localized in the upper abdomen;
severe nausea, ending in unrelieved vomiting;
bloating;
dry mouth;
on palpation epigastric region there is a feeling of pain.

Treatment of pathology is carried out permanently ( surgery department) and involves the introduction large doses antibiotics intravenously. With absence positive reaction surgical treatment is recommended.

Symptoms of fibrinous gastritis

For this type of inflammation at the site of damage to the mucosa, the release of a special protein, fibrin, is typical. The inflamed area is covered with a cloudy film, under which numerous erosions form. Later, they become the causes of the development of an abscess.

Symptoms of fibrinous gastritis are as follows:

dull pain in the epigastric region, which occurs most often after eating;
nausea ending in vomiting (the masses may contain blood particles and fibrinous films);
belching;
unpleasant taste in the mouth;
increased secretion of saliva;
fever, headaches, weakness (sometimes).

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa, passing by this type, - rare form. Most often is concomitant disease such severe infections like sepsis, typhoid fever, smallpox and scarlet fever.

Treatment of fibrinous gastritis is carried out permanently. And, above all, therapy is aimed at eliminating the primary disease.

Symptoms of necrotizing gastritis

Inflammation of the stomach is caused by ingestion of toxic substances e.g. acids or salts heavy metals. That is why chemical workers are at risk.

The surface of the mucosa is affected very deeply and is accompanied by necrosis of the damaged areas. Signs of the development of gastritis appear almost immediately.

The following symptoms are typical for pathology:

pain in oral cavity and esophagus;
problems with swallowing;
secretion of viscous saliva;
bouts of nausea ending in vomiting (the contents of the stomach contain blood and mucus);
strong thirst;
weakness;
pallor of the face.

Treatment of the disease is reduced to gastric lavage and detoxification of the swallowed substance.

If the cause of the development of necrotic gastritis is acid, then you need to drink milk. If the poisoning occurred with slits, then it is necessary to take diluted citric or acetic acid.

The main treatment is carried out in a hospital.

Symptoms of a chronic form of inflammation of the stomach

In the chronic course of the pathology, the mucosa has more deep damage. Inflammation in this case is accompanied by the following manifestations:

frequent lack of appetite;
heavy breath odor;
frequent belching;
heaviness in the stomach after any meal;
after eating, pain may occur (most often of a pulling nature);
gastrointestinal motility disorders (constipation / diarrhea);
rumbling in the stomach;
increased gas formation;
fragility of hair and nails;
decrease in hemoglobin;
vomit.

Treatment of gastritis

Treatment of any type of mucosal inflammation requires a strict diet. In this case, it is necessary to completely exclude spicy, fried, fatty and smoked foods, as well as alcohol and coffee.

Recommended for acute gastritis the strictest observance diets. In this case, the stomach is restored without the use of medications. With the development of erosive gastritis, the treatment will also be medication, since it will be necessary to restore the damaged areas.

Treatment of chronic gastritis requires long-term use medicines and, of course, constant dieting.

The diagnosis of "inflammation of the gastric mucosa" today is made by a lot of people.

Patients are always aware of their disease and therefore have an antisecretory drug at hand.

Can something be done to cure stomach inflammation permanently?

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa causes

A condition in which an inflammatory process develops in the gastric mucosa is called gastritis.

All inner walls The stomach contains certain cells that produce enzymes and acids. This breaks down food for further digestion. After development inflammatory process, the mucosa cannot produce the same amount of acid and enzymes.

Gastritis can be chronic and acute. If the inflammatory process occurs suddenly and is acute, then we can talk about acute gastritis. However, if such a process lasts for a long time, then this is nothing more than chronic gastritis. If you do not take up his treatment in time, then the disease can disturb for many years in a row, and sometimes even for a lifetime.

Erosive gastritis is one of the varieties of the inflammatory process in the stomach. He is different the minimum amount symptoms, but as a result it is able to completely destroy the mucosa. The most common causes of gastritis are as follows:

1. Helicobacter pylori These are bacteria that infect the stomach lining. You can get infected by contact with a sick person. It is dangerous to be in an area with poor ecology, as well as drink contaminated water or eat food.

2. The most common reason for the development of the inflammatory process is the reception nonsteroidal drugs long term, such as aspirin or ibuprofen.

3. Other agents that can cause erosive gastritis - cocaine, smoking or alcohol abuse.

4. Traumatic injuries, operations, burns.

These are the most basic causes affecting the development of the disease, but other less common ones can be distinguished:

1. Autoimmune diseases, as a result the immune system starts to hurt healthy cells in the mucous membrane.

2. Some diseases. For example, Crohn's disease, pernicious anemia.

Many patients mistakenly use the term gastritis and try to designate any pain in the stomach area.

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa symptoms

Specialists today distinguish several types of the inflammatory process, it all depends on where it is localized and how the disease proceeds.

If to speak plain language, then the groups can be designated as follows: an inflammatory process with reduced level acidity, and vice versa, with increased. Symptoms of absolutely all gastritis, which are united by one general group, similar.

You can take accurate readings of acidity in a modern way - a special sensor is inserted into the stomach, it monitors all changes with a certain period of time.

A variety of gastritis, which occurs with high acidity, is characterized by the appearance severe heartburn. A few hours after eating, severe pain occurs, the main place of its localization is solar plexus.

After the patient eats junk food for the stomach or takes medication, the pain becomes strong character.

You can distinguish gastritis with a low level of acidity by belching, which occurs very often and has a specific smell of hydrogen sulfide. There is no particular pain in the stomach and the patient is practically not bothered by anything.

In other cases, the patient suffers from constipation, or vice versa, diarrhea, bloating, increased gas formation - all this is a consequence of the fact that food is digested poorly.

Have chronic gastritis a large number of symptoms, they are different and are insignificant. You can suspect him following symptoms:

1. Defecation occurs irregularly.

2. A white coating or yellow color.

3. Performance is declining.

4. Flatulence.

5. Feeling tired, sleepy.

6. Periodically throws into a cold sweat.

7. Without visible reasons constipation or diarrhea may occur.

A chronic inflammatory process is dangerous because the epithelium can atrophy. After that, the glands will no longer work, and in the place where there were healthy cells, atypical ones will appear - these are the first symptoms that cancer is developing.

Such gastritis, as erosive, proceeds without visible symptoms, there is no discomfort, but only until there is severe pain in the abdomen.

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa diagnosis

How quickly the patient is diagnosed will depend on the treatment and its effectiveness. But, unfortunately, it is not always easy to identify the disease, because its symptoms are similar to other diseases that concern not only the gastrointestinal tract.

Medical examination

Main part diagnosis is an examination by a doctor. The gastroenterologist tries to determine the cause of the pain after talking with the patient. In order to identify gastritis, a specialist can use the method of palpation. When pressing on the abdomen, the pain will become more severe, but this method can only suggest that an inflammatory process is really developing.

When making a diagnosis, the doctor must pay attention to external signs, for example, an increase in body temperature, vomit, how much the stomach muscles are tense.

Laboratory methods

Another way to diagnose is to use laboratory methods, namely the delivery of analyses. In order to confirm the diagnosis, it is necessary to pass the following tests:

1. Blood test - if gastritis develops, the hemoglobin level will be lowered, as well as the level of leukocytes and erythrocytes.

2. Feces - there may be blood in it.

Such diagnostics are aimed at identifying microorganisms that provoked poisoning, namely staphylococcus aureus, shigella, and so on.

Instrumental diagnostics

Various equipment is used to examine the patient. This method is usually used for chronic gastritis.

FGDS

This method is not liked by all patients, because it is quite unpleasant. A probe is inserted into the esophagus with a camera at one end. With this method, it is possible to identify exact location localization of the inflammatory process, as well as its degree.

x-ray

X-rays are done immediately after the patient takes a special substance - a coloring agent. The doctor can accurately determine the presence of an inflammatory process. However, not always reliable result will be obtained after the first procedure, so it is better to use FGDS.

These are the main diagnostic methods that are used to detect the inflammatory process.

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa treatment

There are a large number of drugs with which you can treat gastritis. Almost all of them are available in two forms - tablets and suspensions. Tablets include the following:

1. Vikalin is herbal preparation, it has several actions at once - astringent and antacid.

2. Festal is a drug produced on the basis of pancreatin. Under its influence, the function of the pancreas and stomach is almost completely restored.

3. Gastrocepin - under the influence medicinal product the level of gastric juice decreases, the mucous membrane of the organ will be protected from an aggressive environment.

An integral part general treatment is proper nutrition. The following should be excluded from the menu - sour fruits, fatty meat, smoked and fried. Food should be prepared with a minimum amount of salt and spices.

With gastritis, the diet should be developed by the attending physician. Depending on the level of acidity, the nutrition may vary slightly. The following products are helpful: natural juices, milk soups, steamed vegetables.

Patients whose acid levels are low are recommended the following - lean meat, risk, fermented milk projects.

Do not attempt to prescribe medications to yourself or your loved ones on your own, as this may lead to undesirable consequences. Only a gastroenterologist knows how to cure such a disease as gastritis. All you need is timely appeal to the doctor!

– is the most common pathology digestive system organism. The disease occurs in both adults and children. Inflammation of the stomach lining , or gastritis, is pathological change shells gastric organ which can develop in various forms.

The cells of the mucosal lining inner surface stomach, produce hydrochloric acid and various enzymes involved in the process of digestion of food entering the stomach. In addition, mucus is produced, which protects the body from irritation by its own acid, as well as from the negative effects of various factors, both internal and external.

Classification of gastritis

A quantitative violation of the acid balance in the stomach leads to the fact that the mucous membrane begins to become inflamed. Depending on the content of hydrochloric acid in the gastric contents, the following types of gastritis are distinguished by the level of acidity:

hyperacid gastritis - in this case there is inflammation of the gastric mucosa, accompanied by increased acidity;
hypoanacid - there is a decrease in the level of hydrochloric acid;
anacid - hydrochloric acid in the gastric contents is in very small quantities or absent altogether, which is very rare.

Downstream gastritis, that is, when the mucous membrane of the stomach becomes inflamed, it can be:

acute type;
chronic type, occurring in the form lingering current or often recurrent.

According to the severity of the course of the disease:

light;
moderate;
heavy.

According to the nature of the mucosal lesion digestive organ gastritis is of several types, namely:

catarrhal
erosive,
atrophic.

Pathological changes in the gastric mucosa can occur due to the most various reasons influencing the development of the disease.

Causes contributing to the disease of gastritis

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa is provoked by the most various reasons, of which the following stand out:

having an infectious nature - occurs bacterial infection Helicobacter pylori, staphylococci or salmonella, which can get inside the stomach with food or poor-quality water;
endogenous or internal causes - the disease develops against the background of weakened immunity and the presence of an already existing pathology on the part of internal organs. It's frequent stressful situations, Availability chronic foci infections ( carious teeth, frequent sore throats, the presence of duodeno-gastric reflux, when bile is thrown from the duodenum into the stomach).

But the main group of reasons causing symptoms inflammation of the stomach, are external factors:

errors in food in the form of abuse of fried, fatty, spicy, salty foods, dry food;
violation of the regime of the day and eating;
overeating, all kinds of independent diets without consulting a nutritionist;
long term use and uncontrolled use medicines, aggressively acting on the gastric mucosa;
abuse of alcoholic, colored carbonated drinks and smoking.

Clinical symptoms of the disease

The development of acute gastritis is provoked by a single massive intake of any toxic substances into the stomach, after which a picture of an acute disease develops for a short time, accompanied by the following symptoms:

expressed pain symptom in the upper abdomen in the form of pains that have a cutting or burning character;
belching, nausea, repeated vomiting of acidic stomach contents, sometimes with streaks of blood, are noted;
general unsatisfactory condition in the form of weakness, headache, sometimes dizziness, drop in blood pressure;
fever, sometimes up to 38 degrees.

How to treat acute gastritis in case of poisoning? In this case, the presence clinical manifestations disease is an indication for hospitalization. With timely assistance to the victim of poisoning and proper treatment with mild or moderate disease, the restoration of the gastric mucosa is successful and recovery occurs.

But if the doctor's recommendations are not followed, the diet is disturbed, insufficient or self-treatment, then acute gastritis becomes chronic with periodic exacerbations. In this case, the pain syndrome is not so pronounced, there are digestive disorders in the form of nausea, belching, impaired gastric motility, and flatulence. This pathological condition begins to disturb after eating and is accompanied by lethargy, weakness, weight loss.

The level of hydrochloric acid in the stomach determines the type of gastritis, as a result of which the symptoms and treatment of inflammation will be different. With increased acidity, belching will be acidic stomach contents. There is a change in the emotional background of the patient, who becomes irritable, nervous, with frequent change moods.

With low acidity of gastric juice, heaviness in the abdomen after eating, belching of food eaten are noted. These symptoms are accompanied by slight aching pains in epigastric region. Against this background, developing asthenic condition characterized by weakness, fatigue, decreased performance.

Read also The difference between gastritis with high and low acidity, diagnosis

A characteristic feature of chronic anacid gastritis is an eructation with a smell rotten eggs or rotting meat. This form of the disease gives complications to other organs of the digestive tract. Pathology from the intestine often develops in the form of dysbacteriosis, enteritis, colitis, and pancreatitis is possible. Counts precancerous disease and therefore requires constant monitoring. It is necessary to treat inflammation of the stomach of this form with a specialist gastroenterologist.

Important! Disorders in the digestive system, accompanied by pain syndrome, nausea, discomfort in the intestines, require a mandatory examination by a gastroenterologist to clarify the diagnosis and treatment.

But the most serious form of a pathological inflammatory condition is erosive gastritis, which can degenerate into both a stomach ulcer and oncological disease which is characterized by the following clinical manifestations:

sharp pain in the upper abdomen immediately after eating;
eructation of acidic stomach contents;
vomiting, sometimes with an admixture of blood;
the presence of black feces - melena;
increased gas formation in the stomach.

Bleeding erosion can lead to the development of anemia. Treatment of this form of gastritis requires high-quality and complex therapy, as well as dispensary observation gastroenterologist.

Diagnosis of the disease

To determine the nature of inflammation of the gastric mucosa and establish a diagnosis, measures are taken, including the following studies:

laboratory diagnostics - blood for ESR, hemoglobin, leukocytosis, urine for general analysis, cal per occult blood, analysis of gastric juice, bacterial culture on Helicobacter pylori;
instrumental methods - ultrasound of the stomach, fluoroscopy with barium, gastroscopy with sampling for biopsy, MRI or CT in difficult cases of diagnosis.

Treatment of gastritis general principles

Treatment of inflammation of the stomach involves A complex approach including the following activities:

adherence to a strict diet;
normalization of the acidity of gastric juice;
removal of inflammation with medications;
restoration of the affected gastric mucosa.

Treatment medications any form of gastritis is possible only on the appointment of a gastroenterologist with further dynamic monitoring of the restoration of the gastric mucosa.

How to relieve the symptoms of inflammation of the stomach? Depending on the form of gastritis, the course and severity, the doctor prescribes treatment with certain drugs, and recommendations are given on the use of funds. traditional medicine at home as an addition to the main treatment.