What is catarrhal (superficial) esophagitis? What is catarrhal reflux esophagitis? Causes and treatment of pathology Atrophic gastritis distal catarrhal esophagitis

Catarrhal esophagitis is one of the most common pathologies of the esophagus that many people encounter. Despite the prevalence of the disease, not everyone knows about it, because some simply ignore it, self-medicating or even thinking that the disease will recede on its own. Doctors warn of the dangers of such an attitude to their health.

Esophagitis is an inflammatory process that begins in the lining of the esophagus. If, in the diagnosis, we consider a normal, healthy esophagus and compare it with the one in which the inflammatory process began, the difference will be obvious. Irritant factors have a negative effect on the mucous membrane, as a result of which it swells and becomes vulnerable.

As for the catarrhal form of the disease, in most cases it is not an independent disease. Catarrhal esophagitis most often appears and worsens against the background of other pathologies and diseases of the digestive system. In this regard, gastroenterologists consider the disease as one of the manifestations of any internal pathology.

Symptoms

Symptoms of catarrhal esophagitis are similar to those of many diseases of the digestive system. Their peculiarity is that painful sensations may not appear immediately after the onset of the inflammatory process of the esophageal mucosa. When the lesion is insignificant, this is the time to start treatment, but, unfortunately, the disease can not always be immediately recognized. Still, at least occasionally, but the symptoms begin to appear. It is important not to neglect them, then it will be possible to detect the problem in time.

Doctors say that a number of the first manifestations consist of such factors:

The reasons

The main reason for the development of the disease is malnutrition, namely the frequent use of junk food.

These foods include:

smoked, sour and spicy;
alcohol;
coffee and strong tea;
heavy food, especially before bed.

Some people cannot afford even a small amount of the products on this list at all. It is enough for them to eat some forbidden foods, and they immediately suffer from problems with the gastrointestinal tract. Others often allow themselves to eat junk food, and it seems to them that this does not affect them in any way. In this case, the risk of developing diseases such as catarrhal esophagitis is especially increased. As already mentioned, painful sensations do not appear immediately, but when they appear, they are rare at first. Therefore, many neglect the alarming first symptoms, continuing to eat junk food, which leads to the progressiveness of the inflammatory process.

In addition, sometimes there are other factors that have become the causes of catarrhal esophagitis. These include:

the harmful effect of hydrochloric acid on the mucous membrane, which appears when
the presence of a hernia of the diaphragm (its food section);
pregnancy, in which pressure increases inside the abdominal cavity (with
non-compliance by a woman with the recommendations of doctors on nutrition);
complications after surgical operations for sewing in the stomach or ulcers.

Forms of the disease

There are two forms of catarrhal esophagitis:

Acute. It is characterized by such additional symptoms as fever, general malaise, discomfort during meals and after that. In other words, the acute form of catarrhal esophagitis is accompanied by a deterioration in the general condition of the patient;
Chronic. Most often, this form of the disease develops against the background of other more serious diseases of the digestive system. For example, catarrhal esophagitis often accompanies diseases such as gastritis or duodenitis. In the chronic form of the disease, especially pronounced painful sensations are observed, which manifest themselves not only in the chest area, but can also be given to the region of the heart, neck and back. In this case, the main treatment is aimed at eliminating the underlying disease that provoked esophagitis.

How to treat

An important role for successful treatment is the observance of a special diet, the purpose of which is the selection of acceptable products and their proper preparation. It is also important to eat small meals and absolutely no food three hours before bedtime. The basis of the traditional treatment of catarrhal esophagitis is drugs.

The following groups of medicines are mainly prescribed:

protecting the mucous membrane of the esophagus from the harmful effects of acids;
antacids for heartburn, taken before meals;
antispasmodics (if the pain is severe - intramuscularly);
normalizing the amount of hydrochloric acid in the stomach.

Let us consider in more detail each of the components of complex treatment:

Diet. It involves fractional nutrition. What does it mean? Portions of a single meal should be small, but you need to eat at least 5-6 times a day. All products that have a detrimental effect on the condition of the mucous membrane should be completely excluded from the diet. These include fried, spicy, smoked, salty dishes. Some foods and drinks should be completely excluded, for example, carbonated drinks, pickled foods, alcohol, coffee;
Medical course. It is advisable to prescribe antacids for heartburn in the case when the inflammatory process was caused by reflux. Antispasmodics allow you to eliminate pain in a short time, but their use has a number of contraindications, the main of which is cardiac failure;
Antibiotics. In itself, a disease such as catarrhal esophagitis is not a reason for prescribing antibiotics. At the same time, diseases such as gastritis, duodenitis and other serious ailments of the digestive system cannot be cured without the use of antibiotics. Therefore, these drugs are also used for their therapy.

Folk remedies

The use of folk remedies can be effective in some cases: when the disease is only at the initial stage or when their use is only an auxiliary, and not the main method of primary therapy. Folk recipes are aimed at eliminating the main painful symptoms of catarrhal esophagitis and their use may be useful for restoring damaged tissues of the esophagus.

Popular folk recipes for catarrhal esophagitis include:

Chamomile. With any type of esophagitis of the esophagus, this plant is effective due to its antiseptic action. There are several options for using chamomile or its extract to treat diseases of the digestive system of the body. The easiest way to use this substance is to brew tea. Such a prepared drink is taken orally up to 5 times a day, preferably before meals;
Flax seeds. Flax is a unique plant that contains in its composition a whole complex of vitamins and other useful elements. Flax seeds are used to treat and prevent many diseases of the digestive system of the body, including catarrhal esophagitis. To prepare a folk remedy, you need to take the seeds and boil them for several hours in water. The prepared decoction is taken one tablespoon 3-4 times a day before meals;
Honey. An excellent remedy for the rapid elimination of the inflammatory process. The only negative is that some people are allergic to this product, so before starting treatment, you need to make sure that it is not. It is recommended to eat 50 g of fresh honey per day. You can do it in its pure form, or you can prepare a sweet drink based on it. The main recommendation is that the product should be consumed between meals. The best option is 2 hours before and after meals;
Sea buckthorn oil. The beneficial enveloping properties of this product make it effective for many diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Also, the product has antiseptic, oncoprotective, healing and anti-inflammatory properties. Sea buckthorn oil can be prepared independently, but it is more convenient for many to buy it at a pharmacy. It is recommended to take the oil orally 1 tablespoon 3 times a day. It is advisable to take the remedy before meals, and the first dose should be on an empty stomach.

Prevention

Prevention of catarrhal esophagitis includes the observance of several rules. This allows you to achieve a long-term remission in the chronic form of the disease and prevent the manifestation of the acute form.

So, the main preventive measures include:

Refusal of hard liquor. The ethanol they contain has a detrimental effect on the internal organs, especially the digestive system. Any liquid that a person consumes passes through the esophagus, and the action of ethanol adversely affects the mucous membrane of the esophagus;
Timely treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. It is the diseases of the gastrointestinal tract that can provoke chronic catarrhal esophagitis. What does timely treatment include? First of all, it is necessary to recognize and diagnose diseases such as gastritis in time and try to immediately start fighting them;
Controlling your daily diet. It comes easy to some, but most people have to readjust themselves in order to get used to proper nutrition - fractional, frequent and consisting of the right foods that do not irritate the lining of the esophagus.

Digestive problems are a fairly common occurrence in modern people. Wrong lifestyle, the abuse of junk food and alcohol directly harm this area of the body.

Regular examinations in medical institutions make it possible to identify this disease at an early stage and cure it. Distal catarrhal esophagitis is the most common form of this disease, requiring immediate diagnosis and treatment.

What is this disease

Stomach ailments can be cured at an early stage if you put maximum effort into it. Catarrhal esophagitis is a pathological process that occurs inside the esophagus, in its mucous membrane.

Inflammation of this zone of the body can be localized on the surface of the entire esophagus as a whole or in a separate part of it. Most often, there is a lesion of the distal part, which is the end of the esophagus, where it connects to the stomach.

Often, patients do not know their diagnosis and begin to treat themselves at random, which only worsens the situation, blurring the clinical picture. In order for the therapy to be correct, a thorough diagnosis is required.

When examining in the case of catarrhal esophagitis, the doctor observes significant changes in the condition of the esophageal mucosa.

During gastroscopy, the doctor sees that the inside of the esophagus is edematous, red, this is due to the accumulation of blood cells in the submucosal layer.

The defeat of this area can proceed in different ways, more or less intensely and destructively, but the catarrhal appearance of this ailment is already a problem in the initial stage.

Types of esophagitis:

Catarrhal (superficial).
Exfoliative.
Erosive.
Pseudomembranous.
Necrotic.
Phlegmonous.

There is such a variety of superficial esophagitis as catarrhal reflux esophagitis. This means that the disease arose due to the reflux of acidic stomach contents into the esophagus, which irritates the mucous membrane and leads to an inflammatory process in this area.

The reasons

There are many reasons for the development of this disease, therefore, before starting treatment, you need to understand the factors provoking this disease. Only by eliminating all the harmful effects on the problem area, you can count on the effectiveness of therapy.

The main provoking factors:

weakness of a muscle called the sphincter;
a regular increase in pressure inside the abdominal cavity, which can be observed with regular wear of tight and tight clothes, during pregnancy, or if body weight has increased greatly;
diseases of the digestive system;
eating junk food;
due to insufficiency of the cardia - a valve that closes the passage between the esophagus and the stomach;
diseases of infectious origin;
narrowing of the walls of the esophagus;
stress and anxiety;
physical activity immediately after eating;
mechanical damage, foreign body in the cavity of the esophagus.

Many do not realize how spicy, fried, smoked and other unhealthy food negatively affects the human stomach and esophagus. You need to organize your diet properly to protect the digestive system. Being under stress also affects health in a bad way.

Manifestations

Symptoms of distal catarrhal esophagitis may not appear for a long time, but the pathological process has already begun in the esophagus. You should immediately respond to the first signals of the body that there is a problem in the digestive system.

At the initial stage, the signs cannot be called very obvious, they occur from time to time and do not cause much inconvenience. Then the symptoms will be brighter and begin to bring more and more discomfort.

Symptoms:

Burning in chest.
Heartburn, sometimes quite painful.
Throat sore and itchy.
Eructations of sour contents.
Pain in the chest.
Nausea.
Sensation of a lump in the throat.
Increased secretion of saliva.

In addition to discomfort, distal catarrhal esophagitis manifests itself in the results of the examination of the patient. The doctor is able to make such a diagnosis on the basis of gastroscopy alone.

Flow forms

This disease can proceed in different ways. It all depends on the extent of the spread of the inflammatory process and the time during which the disease was not diagnosed and treated.

acute form. It is characterized by an abrupt onset of the disease. A person can simply eat junk food once, which will harm the esophagus. In addition, the use of cold and hot food also affects this area detrimentally and can provoke the onset of the disease. Another cause of acute distal reflux esophagitis is often acid reflux from the stomach into the esophagus.
Chronic form. This course of the disease is observed with a constant harmful effect on the mucous membrane of the esophagus. If you eat improperly for a long time, drink alcohol and ignore a healthy lifestyle, then it is quite possible to acquire chronic catarrhal esophagitis. It will make itself felt throughout a person's life, since this ailment cannot be completely cured. Subject to all the doctor's recommendations, a person can live and work for a long time without thinking about their diseases.

What is catarrhal esophagitis and how to treat it, the doctor will tell you, self-medication is unacceptable. Among other things, inflammation of this part of the body can also manifest itself in different ways:

Mild catarrhal esophagitis practically does not manifest itself.
Moderate is diagnosed with minor symptoms of the disease.
Expressed declares itself brightly, with the occurrence of all symptoms.

There is such a thing as terminal catarrhal esophagitis. Many are confused by this diagnosis. This is just a designation of the location of the pathological process, which explains that the problem has formed in the esophagus, close to the stomach.

Diagnostics

There are not so many diagnostic methods used for this disease. The patient needs to visit a doctor at the first digestive disorders. The doctor will listen to all the patient's complaints and prescribe the necessary examinations and tests.

What is included in the diagnosis:

KLA (general blood test).
OAM (general urinalysis).
Stomach acid test.
Determination of the acidity of the medium by impedance-pH-metry.
Ultrasound diagnostics to establish the state of internal organs and exclude tumor formations on the wall of the stomach, duodenum and pancreas.
X-ray with suspicion of narrowing of the walls of the esophagus or tumor formation.

After collecting and analyzing all the data received, the doctor may prescribe additional measures for the examination, such as CT.

Traditional treatment

Therapy of catarrhal esophagitis is carried out in several directions. The doctor will tell you how you need to change your lifestyle and diet so that the treatment is beneficial, and its effect is fixed for a long time.

Methods of treatment non-drug:

after eating, you need to walk slowly for about 30 minutes;
sleep better on a high pillow;
do not perform physical gymnastics with an emphasis on the tension of the muscles of the press;
cannot be transferred;
diet must be strictly adhered to.

Medications:

Histamine H2 receptor blockers.
Prokinetics.
proton pump inhibitors.
Antacids.

In some cases, medication therapy does not bring tangible results, then the disease may progress further, and doctors will have to apply surgical treatment.

Folk methods of treatment

The use of drugs is necessary for this ailment in any case, however, folk recipes can enhance the effect of medicines. Independently, without consulting a doctor, alternative methods of treatment cannot be used.. Only a doctor can calculate all the risks, because the characteristics of the disease in a particular person.

There is a wide range of home treatments to choose from. There are some that have been popular for a long time:

1 way. Potato juice. This remedy must be freshly squeezed. Taking half a glass of this juice a couple of times a day can reduce unpleasant symptoms and remove heartburn. Among other things, this liquid contains a lot of useful substances.
2 way. Aloe juice. This folk remedy is considered very effective. You need to squeeze 7-8 drops and drink them before or after meals. The consistency of this remedy is such that it well envelops the walls of the esophagus, leaving a thin film that prevents negative influences.
3 way. Sea buckthorn oil. In any pharmacy you can buy this remedy, the main thing is that it be natural. Drink half an hour before meals and half an hour after meals 1 teaspoon of sea buckthorn oil. The condition will improve quickly as inflammation decreases and tissues begin to repair.
4 way. A decoction of rose hips. The beneficial properties of this plant allow you to activate the body's defenses to fight any ailment, including catarrhal esophagitis. Brewing and drinking such a decoction is very useful, it heals wounds well and saturates the body with vitamins.

In addition, there are many recipes for herbal teas, taking which, you can significantly improve your condition and cure almost any disease. Chamomile, motherwort, pine buds, lemon balm and other herbs are grouped into collections, they are brewed and these infusions are drunk for a long time.

Diet

Nutrition can be called the main component of the treatment of esophagitis of any course. There are many recipes for a variety of dishes, which include healthy foods that improve the healing of the esophageal mucosa. There are products that are harmful to a person suffering from such a disease.

Healthy food:

Vegetable soups.
Kasha cooked in water.
Mashed potatoes.
Boiled pasta.
Meat of low-fat varieties, steamed, boiled.
Fish in boiled or baked form.
Vegetable oil for dressing.
Jelly with berries.
Marmalade.

In any case, the diet for each patient with catarrhal esophagitis is individual. Nutrition must be fully coordinated with the attending physician.

Junk food:

Everything is fried.
Fatty meals.
Sour sauces, vinegar.
Coffee Tea.
Smoked meats, sausages and more.
Salty.
Very hot and cold food and drinks.
Alcohol.
Onion and garlic.

In addition to the composition of food, a few more points are important. Before eating (half an hour) you should drink a glass of water at room temperature. After eating, you can not take a horizontal position so that acid is not thrown into the esophagus. Physical activity is allowed only after 1 hour after eating.

The doctor will tell you in detail about all the nuances of treatment. If they are followed, the result of treatment will be positive and fast.

Catarrhal esophagitis is only the initial stage of this pathological process. It is important to stop the development of the disease in time so that it does not become severe and incurable.

Catarrhal esophagitis is a lesion of the esophageal mucosa that has an inflammatory origin. In this case, the formation of hyperemia and swelling is noted. A variety of factors can provoke the disease: from injuries to infectious components. Given this, it is strongly recommended to carry out diagnostics in time and not to forget about the importance of the recovery course.

Briefly about the state

The presented condition is one of the most common forms of pathologies of the esophagus. We are talking about such conditions that are characterized by hyperemia, the formation of edema, as well as other symptoms. There is no exact number regarding the prevalence of the disease, because the diagnosis must be confirmed by biopsy, which, in turn, is not carried out in every case.

It should be noted that catarrhal esophagitis is a secondary form of the disease. Thus, it is formed against the background of other pathological conditions associated with the organs of the gastrointestinal tract. We can talk about infectious or somatic diseases, which should be treated separately. In this regard, some experts classify catarrhal esophagitis, including distal, as a pathological syndrome, and not as a separate disease.

Reasons for development

There are many factors that somehow affect the development of catarrhal esophagitis. We are talking about the impact of chemical or thermal factors, alcohol abuse. In addition, the list includes superficial damage to the shell due to medical manipulations. No less often, catarrhal esophagitis is formed after an infectious disease, namely diphtheria, scarlet fever and some others.

A separate place is occupied by such factors as massive reflux of stomach contents in GERD, persistent vomiting, and prolonged intubation. A separate category includes such forms of the disease that develop in patients with immunodeficiency.

In this case, the cause of the development of the condition may be viruses, Candida fungi.

Among other things, catarrhal esophagitis may be the result of acute stomatitis, gastritis, allergic diseases and other conditions. The heterogeneity of the presented factors fully determines the differences in the mechanisms of origin. Given this, I would like to pay special attention to the manifestations of the state.

Symptoms of esophagitis

The leading symptoms of the condition should include the lack of comfort, burning in the retrosternal region. In this case, sensations can have varying degrees of severity, which directly depends on the depth and prevalence of damage. In some cases, heartburn is noted, but most often the symptoms are not pronounced. As inflammation increases and worsens, the burning sensation intensifies more and more.

No less rarely, pains that point specifically to catarrhal esophagitis are given to the area of the shoulder blades, the cervical part. One of the characteristic symptoms should be considered a significant increase in pain in the process of eating food, in particular, this applies to hard names. In addition, symptoms of the condition should include regurgitation of mucus, profuse salivation and nausea.

The sudden onset of symptoms is likely, characterized by a high degree of effectiveness. In this case, the disease lasts from several days to two or three weeks, gradually regressing on its own. With a prolonged negative effect on the mucous membrane of the esophagus, the development of chronic inflammation is likely. All diagnostic features associated with catarrhal esophagitis will be presented below.

Diagnosis of the disease

First of all, you need to make an appointment with a gastroenterologist, who, based on the main symptoms, will be able to make a diagnosis. You should pay attention to the following features:

laboratory tests usually do not show any changes. It is possible to detect a slight neutrophilic leukocytosis;
an obligatory step should be considered the implementation of intraesophageal pH-metry, which allows you to establish the presence of GERD, as well as some features of the condition;
radiography also has low information content, which only in some cases allows identifying uneven contours or swelling in the area of \u200b\u200bthe folds.

Most often, an x-ray examination is used to exclude various oncopathies or narrowing in the esophagus. To correct the diagnosis, for example, if there is a suspicion of a distal process, some additional measures are resorted to.

Differential diagnostics may be required, in addition, to correct the recovery course and determine the degree of effectiveness, experts insist on conducting repeated examinations.

The treatment of catarrhal esophagitis will be discussed later.

Methods of treatment

In the process of restoring the body, great importance is given to eliminating provoking factors and minimizing the load on the organ. It is imperative to apply diet number 1, because it involves minimizing the negative impact on the body. This applies to the impact of chemical, thermal and mechanical factors. Any dishes, without fail, must be prepared in the form of mashed potatoes - it is in such cases that catarrhal esophagitis, including distal, will be excluded much faster.

Food is strongly recommended to be taken exclusively in the form of heat. In addition, under the condition of severe acute injury (burn in the esophagus), it is necessary to completely limit the oral intake of food, as well as liquids. In the event that the disease develops against the background of another pathological condition, in connection with which treatment has already been carried out, it is advisable to replace the tablet dosage forms with parenteral ones.

Literally from the first days, treatment involves the use of astringent medicinal components and enveloping agents. In order to reduce the degree of pain intensity, anesthetics are used that are characterized by local influence, for example, novocaine. Improving the contact of any of the presented components will be possible only through their use in a warm form, preferably in a horizontal position without water.

If there is a pronounced painful syndrome, non-narcotic analgesics should be taken, and this must be done parenterally. In the case when catarrhal esophagitis is of an infectious origin, etiotropic treatment is prescribed, namely antibiotics, antiviral and antifungal drugs. Treatment of the secondary form of esophagitis consists in the treatment of the leading disease.

Severe widespread damage to the mucosa of the esophagus can be repaired with the use of reparants. They are given as injections.

In the same situation, when there is a violation of the motility of the esophagus, it is necessary to correct the condition.

How prevention is carried out and what are the prognosis for any form of the disease, even if it is distal, will be discussed later.

Forecast and prevention

A condition such as catarrhal esophagitis is characterized by a favorable prognosis. In the vast majority of cases, independent regression of the disease is possible. This happens within a few days. At the same time, transformation into a chronic form or the formation of some complications, critical consequences is possible. In order to avoid this, it is strongly recommended to take into account certain preventive measures.

We are talking about following a certain diet, proper nutrition, as well as refusing to drink alcohol or use the nicotine component. An important element of prevention should be considered timely diagnosis and early start of a recovery course for any diseases of the digestive system - be it gastritis, GERD or any other condition. It is in this case that it will be possible to talk about the preservation of 100% of the function of the entire gastrointestinal system, even if distal esophagitis has been detected.

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1. Can cancer be prevented?
The occurrence of a disease such as cancer depends on many factors. No one can be completely safe. But everyone can significantly reduce the chances of a malignant tumor.

2. How does smoking affect the development of cancer?
Absolutely, categorically ban yourself from smoking. This truth is already tired of everyone. But quitting smoking reduces the risk of developing all types of cancer. Smoking is associated with 30% of cancer deaths. In Russia, lung tumors kill more people than tumors of all other organs.
Eliminating tobacco from your life is the best prevention. Even if you smoke not a pack a day, but only half, the risk of lung cancer is already reduced by 27%, as the American Medical Association found.

3. Does excess weight affect the development of cancer?
Keep your eyes on the scales! Extra pounds will affect not only the waist. The American Institute for Cancer Research has found that obesity contributes to the development of tumors in the esophagus, kidneys, and gallbladder. The fact is that adipose tissue serves not only to store energy reserves, it also has a secretory function: fat produces proteins that affect the development of a chronic inflammatory process in the body. And oncological diseases just appear against the background of inflammation. In Russia, 26% of all cancer cases are associated with obesity.

4. Does exercise help reduce the risk of cancer?
Set aside at least half an hour a week for exercise. Sport is on the same level as proper nutrition when it comes to cancer prevention. In the US, a third of all deaths are attributed to the fact that patients did not follow any diet and did not pay attention to physical education. The American Cancer Society recommends exercising 150 minutes a week at a moderate pace or half as much but more vigorously. However, a study published in the journal Nutrition and Cancer in 2010 proves that even 30 minutes is enough to reduce the risk of breast cancer (which affects one in eight women in the world) by 35%.

5.How does alcohol affect cancer cells?
Less alcohol! Alcohol is blamed for causing tumors in the mouth, larynx, liver, rectum, and mammary glands. Ethyl alcohol breaks down in the body to acetaldehyde, which then, under the action of enzymes, turns into acetic acid. Acetaldehyde is the strongest carcinogen. Alcohol is especially harmful to women, as it stimulates the production of estrogen - hormones that affect the growth of breast tissue. Excess estrogen leads to the formation of breast tumors, which means that every extra sip of alcohol increases the risk of getting sick.

6. Which cabbage helps fight cancer?
Love broccoli. Vegetables are not only part of a healthy diet, they also help fight cancer. This is also why recommendations for healthy eating contain the rule: half of the daily diet should be vegetables and fruits. Especially useful are cruciferous vegetables, which contain glucosinolates - substances that, when processed, acquire anti-cancer properties. These vegetables include cabbage: ordinary white cabbage, Brussels sprouts and broccoli.

7. Which organ cancer is affected by red meat?
The more vegetables you eat, the less red meat you put on your plate. Studies have confirmed that people who eat more than 500 grams of red meat per week have a higher risk of developing colon cancer.

8. Which of the proposed remedies protect against skin cancer?
Stock up on sunscreen! Women aged 18-36 are particularly susceptible to melanoma, the deadliest form of skin cancer. In Russia, in just 10 years, the incidence of melanoma has increased by 26%, world statistics show an even greater increase. Both artificial tanning equipment and the sun's rays are blamed for this. The danger can be minimized with a simple tube of sunscreen. A study published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology in 2010 confirmed that people who regularly apply a special cream get melanoma half as often as those who neglect such cosmetics.
The cream should be chosen with a protection factor of SPF 15, applied even in winter and even in cloudy weather (the procedure should turn into the same habit as brushing your teeth), and also do not expose yourself to sunlight from 10 to 16 hours.

9. Do you think stress affects the development of cancer?
By itself, stress does not cause cancer, but it weakens the entire body and creates conditions for the development of this disease. Research has shown that constant worry alters the activity of the immune cells responsible for turning on the fight-and-flight mechanism. As a result, a large amount of cortisol, monocytes and neutrophils, which are responsible for inflammatory processes, constantly circulate in the blood. And as already mentioned, chronic inflammatory processes can lead to the formation of cancer cells.

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It is a disease characterized by inflammation of the lining of the esophagus. The most common form is catarrhal esophagitis, which causes swelling and redness (hyperemia) inside the esophagus up to the junction with the stomach.

Causes of catarrhal esophagitis

Factors that provoke the development of the disease are associated with malnutrition. Most often, esophagitis occurs in lovers of spicy and sour foods, marinades, pickles. In addition, the disease is promoted by the use of very cold or very hot dishes, as well as coarse food, such as stroganina. Damage to the esophagus also occurs when iodine, alkalis and acids enter its departments. Particular attention should be paid to diets and easy ways to lose weight, based on the intake of apple cider vinegar. This product is a strong acid, inevitably damaging both the esophagus and the stomach.

Symptoms of catarrhal esophagitis

The course of the disease begins with the occurrence of dull and aching pain in the sternum and stomach when swallowing or after eating. There are also attacks of heartburn, belching with air with a sour taste, sometimes nausea and vomiting are observed. Sometimes the pain is projected into the area between the shoulder blades, and when you lean forward, there is a feeling of discomfort and burning behind the sternum.

Having found the above signs in yourself, you should urgently contact a gastroenterologist until the disease has developed into a more severe form.

Treatment of moderate catarrhal esophagitis of 1-2 degrees

The mild form of the disease responds well to conservative treatment, which includes:

A sparing diet, most often -.
Heartburn medications (Renny, Gaviscon, Maalox).
Medicines for the relief of pain (no-shpa, omez, papaverine).
Medications for enveloping and protecting the esophageal mucosa (Venter, Denol).
Vitamin complex as maintenance therapy.

It is very important to follow a diet for a long time and strictly adhere to the rules of a healthy diet. Otherwise, the prescribed drugs will be ineffective and will not bring any benefit. The development of catarrhal esophagitis of the 1st degree is fraught with the occurrence of microerosions on the mucous surface of the esophagus, the appearance and further increase of a hernia.

In addition to conservative therapy in traditional medicine, it is recommended to supplement the treatment of catarrhal esophagitis with folk remedies. For these purposes, decoctions or simply teas containing anti-inflammatory herbs are used - calendula marigolds, chamomile flowers, oak bark. It is useful to take these funds both individually and as part of medicinal phyto-collections. It is worth remembering that tea and broth should be warm, not higher than 35 degrees. In addition, natural sea buckthorn oil is highly effective in stopping inflammation, which should be taken internally, 1 tablespoon on an empty stomach, once a day. The oil has excellent enveloping properties and a healing effect.

Distal catarrhal esophagitis

This form of the disease is correctly called distal reflux esophagitis and is characterized by the throwing of stomach contents into the esophagus. In this case, the lower esophagus is most susceptible to damage in the place where it connects to the stomach. Usually, distal reflux esophagitis is accompanied by a hiatal hernia.

The principles of treatment are no different from the therapeutic scheme for moderate catarrhal esophagitis of 1-2 degrees. In advanced cases with the growth of a hernia, surgical intervention is required.

Catarrhal esophagitis is the most common form of inflammation of the esophageal mucosa, which is characterized by a superficial lesion and pronounced hyperemia.

According to popular belief, this phenomenon occurs in many people due to the use of too spicy or hot food, which adversely affects the digestive organs. But of all the pathologies of this system, it is catarrhal esophagitis that occurs most often. And the reason for this is, as a rule, not only liberties in nutrition, but also diseases of nearby organs and infections of other parts of the digestive tract.

Description

Catarrhal esophagitis - what is it and how to treat it? You can get the answer to this question by reading just a few paragraphs of useful information.

Due to long-term chemical or physical trauma to the mucous membrane of the esophagus, every person can develop catarrhal esophagitis. This pathology can occur in chronic and acute form. The latter is usually the result of a sharp aggressive effect on the esophagus. But the chronic form of the pathology develops due to the constant detrimental effect on the shell.

Often this disease is accompanied by a host of other diseases of the digestive system. Usually, the risk group includes people of different sex and age, who are prone to regular drinking and improper eating habits.

Among other things, catarrhal esophagitis may have a different location: it is quite capable of covering the entire esophagus or only its remote end, close to the stomach. Today, the latter type of pathology is the most common.

Causes of the disease

The inflammatory process that originates on the mucous membrane of the esophagus is a fairly common occurrence. This is a kind of reaction of the body to damage that does not suit it. To a greater or lesser extent, every day, all people are exposed to agents foreign to the digestive tract. These include:

viral and bacterial infections;
medicines that worsen the protective properties of the esophagus;
regular stress;
too hot and spicy foods, too dry food, alcohol and strong drinks consumed on an empty stomach.

In some cases, an acute form of pathology occurs due to a malfunction in the motor activity of the esophagus, as well as insufficiency or stenosis, which violates the protective properties of the membrane. Among other things, the cause of esophagitis can be a pathological formation in the abdominal cavity, all kinds of factors that increase intra-abdominal pressure, and even pregnancy.

Peculiarities

With varying intensity of influence of harmful elements, the shells react differently. So what is catarrhal esophagitis and how to treat it? This is a pathological condition of the esophagus, which is characterized by the occurrence of inflammation. In the affected area, the mucosa undergoes swelling, and during the examination, redness, which is also called hyperemia, becomes clearly visible. In general, this is a normal reaction of the body to all sorts of inconveniences - any tissue can respond in this way.

Normally, a healthy esophagus is pink in color and has few folds. If a person suffers from catarrhal esophagitis, his mucous membrane is covered with spots of a bright scarlet hue, while the tissue itself is significantly enlarged in size.

What is reflux esophagitis?

This is another type of disease. Due to insufficiency of the cardia, catarrhal esophagitis develops most often in the lower sphincter, which performs the task of a kind of barrier between the esophagus and stomach. This type of pathology is characterized by the release of intestinal contents back due to reflux. The esophagus contains an alkaline environment, and the stomach contains an acidic one, which adversely affects the mucous membranes of other organs.

What could be the causes of such a phenomenon as reflux?

Increased pressure inside the abdominal cavity due to wearing too tight clothes, sharp bends forward after eating, heavy weight and pregnancy.
Voluntary weakening of the sphincter muscles.
Unhealthy food.
Various pathologies of the digestive system: for example, gastritis or an ulcer.
Postoperative damage to the cardia.
Hernia in the diaphragm.
Tumors in the abdominal cavity.
Infectious diseases of a chronic nature.
Gallstone disease.

With the development of this pathology, the painful process is not always felt. Often the disease does not manifest itself at all before the occurrence of any complications. In addition, signs of catarrhal esophagitis are so rare that it is quite difficult to identify the disease from them.

Experts talk about the most frequent helping to make a diagnosis in time.

Diagnostics

To make a diagnosis of catarrhal esophagitis, it is necessary to undergo several important studies:

In order to accurately diagnose this pathology, it is necessary to carry out a thorough history taking and evaluate the clinical picture. When prescribing esophagoscopy, the specialist must definitely clarify the presence of contraindications to this procedure. By the way, the manipulation itself involves the study of the inside of the esophagus.

Therapy

Treatment of catarrhal esophagitis should be prescribed depending on the overall clinical picture, the course of the disease and the severity of mucosal changes. As a rule, conservative therapy is used. Pathology requires surgical intervention only when complications lead to forms of the disease that are too life-threatening.

It is necessary to begin treatment with proper nutrition. The diet recommended for patients with a confirmed diagnosis of esophagitis consists of several main points:

Each patient is assigned a special diet and way of eating. In addition, it is very important to exclude existing traumatic factors.

It is worth saying that the treatment of esophagitis will be truly effective only if the patient actually adheres to a diet and a healthy diet.

Medical therapy

At first glance, esophagitis is just a simple inflammatory process, so diet alone can be enough for treatment. With grade 1 catarrhal esophagitis, proper nutrition and light lifestyle adjustments in general will actually be quite enough. If unpleasant symptoms pester the patient every day, without ceasing to disturb him for too long after eating, small changes are no longer enough. In this case, it's time to start more serious treatment. In addition to the diet, the patient is prescribed certain medications:

The treatment regimen suitable for the patient is chosen individually, depending on the symptoms that appear and the tolerance of the active ingredients of the drugs. In addition, the course of therapy may also include physiotherapy.

Treatment of catarrhal esophagitis with folk remedies

The number of patients with this disease is growing from year to year. As a rule, traditional methods of therapy are used to correct the pathological condition, including all kinds of medicines and diet. But we should not forget about the alternative treatment of catarrhal esophagitis, because it is also often effective. With the help of simple recipes, you can very quickly and easily get rid of unpleasant symptoms. In the treatment of esophagitis, traditional medicine suggests using flaxseeds, sea buckthorn oil, aloe juice, various herbs and honey. But keep in mind that such treatment should be started only after consulting a qualified gastroenterologist.

In order for folk therapy to really benefit, it is very important to adhere to the chosen recipes and the correct dosages exactly. In addition, it is worth saying that the treatment of esophagitis solely with the help of simple recipes is strongly discouraged. The best result can be achieved if you correctly combine traditional and folk methods.

Plants for treatment

Most often, with esophagitis, alternative medicine advises resorting to the use of herbs - they are considered an effective tool in the fight against pathology and rarely cause allergies. To relieve unpleasant symptoms, you can use:

Flax seeds also have a lot of useful properties, so they use it not only for the treatment of esophagitis, but also for various diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. But if, in addition to this pathology, the patient has hepatitis or malfunctions of the gallbladder, the wonderful plant should be abandoned.

Sweet treat for healing

Another excellent product that effectively fights inflammation of the mucous membrane is ordinary honey. During the day, you need to eat about 50 grams of bee matter. To speed up the process of absorption by damaged tissues, honey can be dissolved in a small amount of warm water.

But it is very important to avoid taking the bee product immediately after eating. It is desirable that at least a couple of hours pass after the meal. And yet - people suffering from allergies should be very careful with this product. Children should be given honey very carefully.

Conclusion

Despite the prevalence of catarrhal esophagitis, it needs close attention. After all, once a neglected disease can lead to serious complications: for example, bleeding, as well as ulcers and narrowing of the esophagus. That is why after the diagnosis is made, it is necessary to undergo a full course of therapy.