Eczema on the face: a photo of the characteristic signs of eczema with a detailed description. Eczema of the vestibule of the nose. Medications for the treatment of eczema on the face

Eczema of the vestibule of the nose, as a rule, does not occur by itself, but as a consequence common diseases, metabolic disorders, allergic reactions. In these cases, due to reduced immunity, the infection penetrates the skin, and a clinical picture typical of eczema appears. The disease requires an appeal to an otorhinolaryngologist for the appointment of effective treatment.

Causes of the disease and the course of the disease. The most common entry eczema nasal cavity occurs:

• As an allergic reaction to certain substances;
• Due to general diseases;
• With some forms of metabolic disorders.

Rinofima

Rhinophyma is an inflammation of the skin of the nose. It is characterized by the formation of bumps or knots on the wings and the tip of the nose, which sometimes hang like a trunk, disfiguring the face and making breathing and eating uncomfortable.

nose eczema- this is dermatological disease often occurring in patients with chronic rhinitis and sinusitis. A feature of this pathology is its localization. The course of the disease largely depends on the reactions of the epidermis to external influences. Irritants here can be microbes, chemical or physical factors.

In what cases does dermatosis develop: opinions of doctors

In order for eczema to occur on the nose, you must have another mandatory condition- weak immune system. The predisposition to the development of dermatosis can be congenital or acquired. Often the disease manifests itself as a result of an allergic reaction. But it is worth noting that the true causes of pathology on this moment nobody knows today.

Among the assumptions of experts, there are several of the most popular arguments:

1. Eczema of the nose occurs due to profuse and frequent discharge mucous or purulent secretions. Being a consequence chronic processes, dermatosis in this area disappears as soon as remission of rhinitis, sinusitis, adenoiditis occurs.
2. The disease occurs during the progression of seborrheic eczema, which is activated by microbial or toxic damage epidermis.
3. Inhalation at manufacturing plants of harmful chemical substances, allergens (formalin, turpentine, ethyl, phenol, etc.).
4. Mechanical action on the surface layers of the skin. Eczema on the nose is the result of intense friction, scratching - that is, damage to the integrity of the epidermis.
5. Hereditary predisposition can also cause the development of skin pathology in the nose area.
6. With chronic diseases in the body, disorders of the gastrointestinal tract and endocrine system it is quite possible the occurrence of eczematous manifestations on the face.

It is quite difficult to establish the exact cause, but in order to draw up a therapeutic regimen, the attending physician must make an in-depth history. Absolutely any kind of dermatosis can occur on this part of the body, regardless of the acute or chronic course. Symptoms of nasal eczema for this reason are not static, may vary due to the etiology of the disease.

How does eczema of the nose manifest itself and its main stages

For example, one patient may experience swelling and hyperemia of the surface integument, while another may have an accumulation of crusts that prevent normal breathing. Often patients suffer from the appearance of cracks in various parts of the nostrils, and sometimes in pathological process even adjacent areas of the nasal cavity and septum are included. Such violations of the integrity of the mucosa are ideal prerequisites for the penetration of a bacterial or fungal infection.

It is also worth noting that eczema on the nose proceeds in several stages. Each phase of the disease is characterized by its own symptoms, which, as the disease progresses, are replaced by others:

1. At the erythematous stage, redness of the nose appears, areas under the nostrils. Noticeable swelling. All the sensations this stage accompanied by itching and tightness of the skin, tension. It hurts to touch the nose.
2. The papular-vesicular stage is the next stage in the development of pathology. Small rashes actively appear, which are filled with exudate - a translucent liquid.
3. The weeping stage is characterized by the bursting of the bubbles and the outflow of liquid from them.
4. At the cortical stage, the lesions are covered with a serous coating, which disappears after a few days.

One of the most common forms of eczema that affects the epidermis of the nose is dry. The scaly surface of plaques stained with pale pink color, gradually hardens and exfoliates, turning into crusts and filling the entrance to the nasal cavity. This phenomenon significantly interferes with the full breathing of the patient. In addition, the formation of crusts is accompanied by intense itching, and if during the day an adult can set himself up and not scratch the sore spots, then at night it is harder to control his actions. Damage and tearing of the crusts is fraught with bleeding and skin cracks, which will subsequently lead to deep ulcerations right at the entrance to the nose.

Therapy of dermatosis on the nose: is it possible to cure the disease forever?

In principle, dermatologists do not speak of nasal eczema as incurable disease. Most experts believe that this pathology does not always become chronic. For the most positive prognosis, it is necessary to start treatment of the disease as early as possible.

Most often, for the treatment of dermatosis on the face, there is no need for hospitalization of the patient. To overcome the disease, it is enough to take a comprehensive approach to solving the problem and perform it in outpatient settings all doctor's advice. Effective treatment will be only when it is eliminated true reason occurrence of pathology. Systemic and local therapeutic actions will become useless if the factor that provoked the disease once remains an active element that supports the progression of the disease.

The treatment regimen is drawn up, as a rule, individually. The dermatologist determines necessary drugs, taking into account the age of the patient, the severity of the course of the disease and the presence of other chronic pathologies.

Treatment of eczema in the nose begins with the elimination of the root cause of dermatological disorders. First of all, you need to stop constantly touching your nose with your hands, especially unwashed on the street, in in public places. If the reason for the desire to wipe and correct the nose with your hands is a runny nose, you need to get rid of it or, in case of chronic diseases of the nasal passages, use vasoconstrictive, anti-inflammatory drops. In case of allergic rhinitis, use antihistamine medicines to relieve the symptom.

External traditional drug treatment

• silver nitrate or zinc nitrate in 0.25% solution;
• Burov's liquid;
• Rivanol;
• Resorcinol;
• Novoimmanin;
• Ectericide.

As soon as the pathological dry crusts are removed, it is necessary to inject directly into the nasal passages turundas soaked in:

• carotolithin;
• retinol acetate.

For external use, anti-inflammatory drugs of corticosteroid and non-hormonal content are applied to the vestibules of the nostrils. At advanced cases you can’t do without potent steroid ointments, but on initial stage disease, treatment may be completely limited to more safe means. Corticosteroids are prescribed by the doctor, however, as well as the dosage and duration of treatment with them. It is necessary to use such drugs carefully, since their illiterate use leads to addiction of the body, side effects or serious complications.

The most popular ointments for the treatment of eczema on the nose are presented below:

• Flucinar;

• Baneocin;
• Borno-naftalan ointment;
• Deperzolin;
• Soderm;
• Dexamethasone;
• Hydrocortisone ointment.

To protect the epidermis from the effects of microbial contamination, it is recommended to use antibacterial or antimycotic ointments, depending on the nature of pathogenic microorganisms.

Often used for such purposes:

• Synthomycin ointment;
• Pimafucin;
• Itraconazole;
• Miconazole;
• Mycoseptin;
• Levomikol.

• exposure to ultraviolet;
• helium-neon laser radiation.

Folk remedies for eczema on the nose: popular recipes

Alternative treatment of eczema of the nose can also speed up the healing process. Combined with traditional medicines, home remedies are designed to alleviate general state patient, eliminating itching and relieving inflammation. Although alternative medicine considered harmless due to the use of predominantly natural remedies, it is necessary to apply this or that prescription on yourself only after the permission of the doctor.

One of the most effective drugs at home:

• Potato compress. Can be used one-component composition from gruel raw potatoes, or add to 2 tbsp. l. grated root vegetable 1 tsp. honey. It is necessary to smear the diseased areas with the resulting mass and wrap the skin with a bandage. Keep the compress for a couple of hours. The mixture is washed off easily and without the use of detergent.
• saline solution. It can be used topically as a lotion to the diseased epidermis, as well as soaking turundas in it and sending it to the nasal passages. For 1 glass warm water 1.5 tsp required salt (table or sea). Helps eliminate inflammation and reduce redness.
• fresh grapes, crushed into a mushy state, apply to the eczematous place and stand for at least an hour. If possible, the procedure should be performed twice a day for a month.
• Sea buckthorn oil- Another universal remedy, which can be applied to both the outer epidermis and nasal mucous membranes.

• Chamomile decoction. You need to drink the remedy every day for 3-4 weeks, half a glass before meals. The decoction is prepared as follows: for 2 tbsp. l. 500 ml of water is required. Put a container with water and chamomile collection on fire and bring to a boil, then reduce the temperature to a minimum and cook for 5 minutes. As soon as the broth has cooled, you should strain it and proceed to treatment.

Basic measures for the prevention and prevention of the disease

In order to prevent the appearance of eczema in the nose or on its surface, persons who have every chance of developing pathology should follow the elementary rules:

• Regularly treat the inflamed nasal mucosa with any vegetable oil.
• Refuse to use hard water tap, which contributes to overdrying of the skin.
• Avoid damage to the skin and mucous membranes when blowing your nose or wiping your nose. It is better to use soft disposable wipes made of hygroscopic materials, without fragrances and fragrances.

The appearance of eczema on the nose, as already mentioned, is a direct consequence weak immunity. In order not to allow the disease to develop or become active again, it is necessary to strengthen by any means protective functions organism. Often, problems with the functioning of the immune system affect metabolism, affect the occurrence of beriberi. It is extremely important to replenish your body with valuable trace elements.

Often, dermatologists advise their patients to periodically (about once every six months) drink vitamin-mineral complexes, which contain:

• vitamins of groups A, C, B, E;
• calcium;
• magnesium;
• zinc;
• iron;
• potassium;
• sodium.

In addition, a radical revision of the lifestyle may be required, which, as you know, consists in:

• sufficient motor activity;
• cessation of smoking, alcohol and drug use;
• adherence to the principles of a balanced diet.

The last point deserves more detailed consideration, if only because an allergic reaction to food products often serves as a cause of activation of the subsided pathology.

Eczema of the nose will completely disappear if the patient adheres to the following dietary principles:

1. Remove from daily menu spicy, fried and fatty foods.
2. In no case should you consume citrus fruits, honey, chocolate, nuts, etc.
3. It is also desirable to refuse fast foods, smoked and pickled products.
4. Saturate the diet with fresh herbs, vegetables and fruits.
5. Be sure to consume cereals and protein products(lean meat, fish, eggs).

FAQ

Question: Why did eczema appear on the nose, what could cause the disease?

Answer: The most common cause of the disease is damage to the skin during chronic rhinitis, friction of the nose when blowing the nose, however, other factors (genetic heredity, concomitant diseases, etc.) are not excluded.

Question: Can eczema in the nose appear in a child and how to treat it?

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Eczema is a disease that is neuro-allergic in nature. In most cases this species eczema occurs in diseases of the nose, nasopharynx and adnexal cavities, i.e. with rhinitis, adenoiditis, sinusitis. In these diseases, the skin at the entrance to the nose is exposed to chemical and mechanical irritation: the skin is affected by mucus flowing from the nose, containing many microbes and their toxins; the skin is irritated with the hands every time you blow your nose, and also with a handkerchief when you wipe the mucus. In addition to those local factors, in the development of eczema of this type play the role of the disease nervous system, endocrine system, digestive system, general sensitization of the body, excess salts in the body, etc. Most often, the symptom develops in people with congenital hypersensitivity of the skin.

Symptoms of eczema of the vestibule of the nose

The clinical picture of the disease is largely determined by the individual properties of the organism. Eczema can be acute or develop chronic course with occasional exacerbations. If eczema has acute course, inflammatory phenomena may disappear after 3-4 days from the onset of the disease. The phenomena chronic eczema can disturb the patient for many months and even years. The disease begins with the appearance of a site of hyperemia and swelling of the skin at the entrance to the nose. Soon, small nodules are found in this area, which gradually turn into bubbles. The patient feels itching, burning and soreness in places of erosion. If the itching is severe, the sick person combs itchy places. Especially often scratching occurs in children. The erosive surface gets wet - in in large numbers stands out serous fluid. Over time, the erosive areas dry up, crusts form on their surface. After the crusts fall off, the skin flakes off for a while. In cases where an infection is introduced into the scratches, complications develop. purulent nature(folliculitis, furuncle, etc.). Eczema of the vestibule of the nose, which is chronic, is characterized by the presence of constant itching and peeling of the skin, the formation of crusts. During exacerbations of chronic eczema, areas of hyperemia and swelling appear, bubbles appear, and there may also be severe weeping; Relapses of chronic eczema can occur quite often.

Treatment of eczema of the vestibule of the nose

In most cases, the treatment is outpatient. The doctor prescribes treatment and monitors its results. Treatment of eczema is general and local. The patient needs a salt-free diet, carbohydrates in the diet are largely limited.

Desensitizing therapy is being carried out. Effective vitamin therapy. Of the physiotherapeutic methods, the use of ultraviolet radiation is shown. Great importance has a properly conducted local treatment. When choosing medicines the period of illness is taken into account. AT acute period if there is wetting of erosive areas, make cold lotions and applications. Every hour and a half, lotions and applications change. In the acute period without weeping, eczematous areas are sprinkled several times a day with sterile talc. If the disease becomes chronic, the resulting crusts soften vegetable oils and then removed. Resorcinol ointment, heliomycin ointment, mercury white ointment, fluorocort, flucinar, hydrocortisone ointment, deperzolon, dermozolon, boric acid and zinc oxide ointments, etonium ointment, kenalog, calcium pantothenate ointment, etc. The vestibule of the nose is also smeared with Laccapa paste.

Practical doctor's advice.

1. You need to pay attention to your diet: stop eating oily fish, pork, exclude strawberries and wild strawberries from your diet, do not eat spicy.
2. Refrain from drinking alcoholic beverages.
3. When washing, avoid washing the affected area with water. The toilet of the skin in the area of ​​the vestibule of the nose should be carried out by gentle rubbing using gauze swab, which is moistened with boiled olive or sunflower oil.

- a dermatological disease accompanied by inflammatory reaction skin of the vestibule of the nose. Typical Symptoms: hyperemia, swelling, burning, itching, vesicle-pustular rash, which is replaced by weeping manifestations and purulent crusts, lichenifications, excoriations, peeling and age spots. Diagnosis is based on anamnesis data, patient complaints, the results of an external examination, dermatoscopy, allergy tests and others. laboratory methods research. Treatment consists of local and systemic drug therapy, physiotherapy procedures.

General information

Diagnostics

For an experienced otolaryngologist or dermatovenereologist, the diagnosis is not difficult. Anamnestic data, patient complaints and physical examination are used. During the collection of anamnesis, the doctor pays attention to the presence of etiological or contributing factors: working conditions, comorbidities, previous treatment, prescribed drugs. When examining a child, the course of pregnancy is clarified, the mother has a disease at the time of bearing. Further apply following methods diagnostics:

• External examination and anterior rhinoscopy.visual inspection nasolabial region and nasal cavity allows to identify changes in the vestibular part that are characteristic of one of the stages of the disease. At different forms eczema are defined by various variations of limited or diffuse hyperemia and edema, vesicle-pustular rashes, "serous wells" or purulent crusts.
• Dermatoscopy. It is used for a detailed study of changes in the skin, differentiation with other pathologies. With a tenfold increase in the dermatoscope, an uneven point distribution of regional blood arterioles, venules and capillaries is revealed in combination with peeling of the stratum corneum of the skin, the formation of crusts.
• Blood tests. Clinical blood test for early stages disease displays an increase in the level of eosinophils and an increase in ESR. When the bacterial flora is attached, neutrophilic leukocytosis occurs. When assessing the level of immunoglobulins, there are high levels common IgE, IgG.
• Allergic tests. They are carried out to determine substances that, upon contact with the skin of the nasal vestibule, trigger allergic reaction. This test is widely used in the true and professional form of the disease, since in them the provoking factor often remains unknown.
• Microbiological research. Makes it possible to identify pathogenic flora. As a material for the study, discharge from "serous wells", smears of the affected skin are used. After obtaining colonies of microorganisms in the laboratory, their sensitivity to antibiotics is determined.
• Skin biopsy. to cytology and histological examination skin samples are resorted to when it is impossible to carry out differential diagnosis by other methods. Often, a biopsy is performed at the onset of eczema or with its atypical course.

Treatment of eczema of the vestibule of the nose

Treatment is conservative, includes local and systemic medications, physiotherapy procedures. Therapeutic regimen compiled individually, taking into account the age of the patient, concomitant diseases, forms of eczema, stages of its development. Important role elimination or minimization of contact with allergens. Further treatment includes three categories:

• Systemic pharmacotherapy. At the initial stage, hyposensitizing drugs, H1-histamine blockers, "small" tranquilizers, antipsychotics, multivitamins, NSAIDs, immunostimulants are used. For prevention or treatment bacterial infection antibiotics are used, selected taking into account antibiotic susceptibility. AT severe cases corticosteroids are prescribed in combination with anabolic hormones.
• local treatment. At the stage of wetting, cooling lotions based on boric acid or resorcinol followed by topical glucocorticosteroids and keratoplasty. For bacterial or fungal infections, topical antibacterial or antifungals, aniline dyes. Stimulation of the rejection of crusts and the fight against peeling is carried out using intranasal tampons with sea buckthorn or vegetable oil.
• Physiotherapy. Appointed after cupping acute process or in the treatment of chronic eczema. UHF therapy, helium-neon laser, acupuncture are widely used. To combat induration and lichenification, applications with paraffin, ozocerite, and therapeutic mud are used. AT rare cases resort to radiotherapy. It is considered effective Spa treatment in coastal regions.

Forecast and prevention

The prognosis for life with eczema of the vestibule of the nose is favorable, for health it is doubtful, it depends on the possibility of terminating the patient's contract with provoking factors, correcting existing systemic disorders. Depending on the clinical form of the disease and the effectiveness of the selected treatment regimen, recovery or complete clinical remission occurs by the end of 3 weeks. To preventive measures include avoiding contract with allergens, minimizing or complete failure from using cosmetics, adequate timely treatment of concomitant nosologies, strengthening of general defensive forces organism.

An obsessive habit of touching the skin under the nasal passages with your hands). In addition, irritation of the upper layer of the epidermis is provoked by a serous-purulent secret constantly flowing from the nose.

Previously, eczema of the vestibule of the nose was more often observed in children and was rare among adult patients of otolaryngologists or dermatologists. However, due to the constant increase in the number of adult patients with chronic diseases nose, nervous or immune system, such a pathology of the skin has become more often diagnosed among people over 20 years of age.

In this article, we will look at the symptoms, methods for diagnosing, treating and preventing eczema of the nasal vestibule. This information will be useful to you, and you will be able to take action in time. necessary measures to cure this nasty disease.

What are the signs and symptoms of nasal eczema?

Eczema of the vestibule of the nose is manifested by the formation of swelling and redness of the skin under the nasal passages. Usually such areas of irritated skin are observed in the corners of the nostrils on one or both sides. These symptoms give the patient discomfort which they describe as "burning", "itching", "pain" and "tingling".

Serous discharge appears on the surface of erosions, caused by inflammation of the skin. During healing, crusts form on the skin, which cause patients to feel tightness, discomfort, or pain.

Subsequently, erosion sites can become infected with bacteria ( coccal flora), suppurate and begin to become covered with purulent crusts. Skin damage becomes deeper, extends to larger areas of skin above the upper lip, and the patient experiences even more discomfort as severe itching and burning.

In the absence of treatment acute eczema nasal vestibule may acquire chronic and lead to the development of such complications of this disease as erysipelas, or . Apart from skin manifestations, patients may complain of, sleep disturbance, increased nervousness and suffering due to unaesthetic appearance skin in the nasal passages or upper lip.

Sometimes, with a weakened immune system and hypersensitivity skin, eczema of the vestibule of the nose extends to larger areas of the face. Usually, this course of this disease is observed among children or debilitated patients. This is due to the fact that in children the skin is more delicate and sensitive, and in weakened patients, or are more often observed, leading to such clinical manifestations eczema.

Relapses (or exacerbations) chronic form eczema of the vestibule of the nose can occur quite often. The frequency of their occurrence largely depends on the elimination of the main cause of the development of this disease, for example, allergic rhinitis or chronic adenoiditis, sinusitis and others. inflammatory processes nasal cavity.

Diagnostics

In most cases, to make a diagnosis of "eczema of the vestibule of the nose", it is enough to examine the patient and analyze the complaints that were presented to them.

To exclude fungal complications or determine the treatment of such consequences of this disease as furunculosis or impetigo, the following laboratory tests may be recommended:

• examination of scales under a microscope to identify pathogenic fungi;
• sowing discharge from boils to determine the sensitivity of the pathogen to antibiotics.

Treatment

In most cases, hospitalization of the patient is not required for the treatment of eczema of the vestibule of the nose. Therapy of such a disease is aimed at the following points:

• elimination of the cause of erosion;
• local treatment of affected areas of the skin;
• restorative therapy;
• balanced diet.

All drugs to eliminate eczema of the vestibule of the nose and treat the disease that caused it are prescribed taking into account the age, severity of the course and concomitant diseases of the patient.

Elimination of the cause of the development of eczema of the vestibule of the nose

To prevent the development and progression of a disease such as nasal vestibule eczema, it is necessary to treat the disease that caused skin irritation in the nasal passages. The tactics of therapy is determined depending on the underlying disease:

• with viral rhinitis or sinusitis - antiviral agents, vasoconstrictor drops, sprays based sea ​​water, irrigation of the nose with anti-inflammatory solutions, local funds for lubrication of the vestibule of the nose;
• with bacterial rhinitis and sinusitis - and anti-inflammatory drugs, vasoconstrictors, antibacterial drops, seawater-based sprays, anti-inflammatory solutions for irrigation of the nose, topical agents for lubricating the vestibule of the nose, homeopathic preparations for the prevention of complications;
• with adenoiditis - antibiotics, anti-inflammatory, vasoconstrictive, astringent and antibacterial drops, sprays based on sea water, homeopathic preparations for the prevention of complications, surgical operations for removal adenoid vegetations if it is impossible to eliminate relapses with therapeutic agents;
• at vasomotor rhinitis- vasoconstrictor drops, homeopathic remedies, means for the treatment of pathologies that led to the development of rhinitis;
• at allergic rhinitis-, vasoconstrictor, anti-allergic nasal drops, homeopathic remedies, drugs to strengthen the immune system, SIT;
• with pathomimia - getting rid of bad habit"Pick your nose", blow your nose often, provoke scratching of the skin, adaptogens, tranquilizers, hypnotherapy, individual or group psychological training.

Local treatment of affected skin areas

To eliminate wetting of the skin in the area of ​​​​the nasal passages, the following drugs can be prescribed:

• silver nitrate solution 0.25%;
• zinc nitrate solution 0.25%;
• resorcinol;
• tannin;
• Burov's liquid;
• ectericide;
• rivanol;
• new immanin.

These solutions are used in the form of applications or lotions. After removing the formed crusts, turundas are introduced into the nasal passages with the following drugs:

• retinol acetate;
• olive oil;
• sea ​​buckthorn oil;
• carotolithin.

• zinc;
• baneocin;
• flucinar;
• deperzoline;
• boron-tar with anesthesin;
• boric-naphthalanic;
• Lassar;
• heliomycin;
• hydrocortisone.

In some cases, to eliminate infectious or fungal complications, the use of such antibacterial and antifungal ointments and emulsions:

• synthomycin;
• levomikol;
• pimafucin;
• mycoseptin, etc.

Well proven in eliminating skin lesions erosive nature of such relatively new drugs as calcioneurin inhibitors. These non-hormonal agents can be used to treat various age categories sick and cause less adverse reactions. Calcioneurin inhibitors include the following means for local use:

• Protopic;
• Pimerolimus.

Local skin treatment for eczema of the vestibule of the nose can be supplemented by various physiotherapy procedures:

• helium-neon laser;
• ultraviolet irradiation.

For daily toileting of the skin, it is recommended to abandon the use of the usual tap water, which can cause overdrying of the skin or its infection. Treatment of the skin near the nasal passages should be performed using cotton swab dipped in sterile oil (for example, sunflower or olive).

To prevent repeated damage to the skin when blowing the nose or blotting serous-purulent secretions flowing from the nasal passages, it is recommended to use soft disposable handkerchiefs without fragrances or handkerchiefs made of hygroscopic and soft fabric.

Restorative therapy

A severe course of eczema of the vestibule of the nose or diseases that provoke this ailment may be accompanied by metabolic disorders, beriberi or hypovitaminosis, and a decrease in immunity. To eliminate these conditions, the following drugs can be prescribed:

• vitamin and mineral complexes;
• vitamins C, A, groups B and E;
• calcium preparations;
• immunostimulants.

To normalize metabolism, the patient is recommended to conduct, observe sufficient motor activity and stop using alcohol, drugs and smoking.

Balanced diet