Glucophage official instructions. General information about the drug. Terms of sale in pharmacies

A.10.B.A.02 Metformin

Metformin reduces hyperglycemia without causing hypoglycemia. Unlike sulfonylurea derivatives, it does not stimulate insulin secretion and does not have a hypoglycemic effect in healthy individuals. Raisessensitivity of peripheral receptors to insulin and utilization of glucose by cells. Reducesglucose production by the liver by inhibiting gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis. delaysabsorption of glucose in the intestine.

Metformin stimulates glycogen synthesis by acting onglycogen synthase. Increasestransport capacity of all types of membrane glucose transporters.

In addition, it has a beneficial effect on lipid metabolism: it reduces the content total cholesterol, low density lipoproteins and triglycerides.

While taking metformin, the patient's body weight either remains stable or moderately decreases.

Clinical studies have also shown the effectiveness of Glucophage® for the prevention of diabetes mellitus in patients with prediabetes with additional factors the risk of developing overt type 2 diabetes mellitus, in whom lifestyle changes have not achieved adequate glycemic control.

Absorption and distribution

After oral metforminabsorbed from gastrointestinal tract full enough. Absolute bioavailabilityis 50-60%. Maximum concentration (C m ah ) (approximately 2 μg / ml or 15 μmol) in plasma is reached after 2.5 hours. With simultaneous intake of food, the absorption of metformin decreases and lingers.

Metformin is rapidly distributed in tissues, practically does not bind to plasma proteins.

Metabolism and excretion

Is metabolized in a very low degree and excreted by the kidneys. Metformin clearance in healthy subjects is 400 ml/min (4 times greater than creatinine clearance), indicating the presence of active tubular secretion. The half-life is approximately 6.5 hours. With renal failure, it increases, there is a risk of cumulation of the drug.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus, especially in obese patients, with dietary failure and physical activity:

- in adults as monotherapy or in combination with other oral hypoglycemic agents, or with insulin;

- in children from 10 years of age as monotherapy or in combination with insulin.

Prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus in prediabetic patients with additional risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus in whom lifestyle changes have not achieved adequate glycemic control.

Decompensated sugardiabetes during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of birth defects and perinatal mortality. Limited data suggest that taking metformin in pregnant women does not increase the risk of birth defects in children.

When planning pregnancy, as well as in case of pregnancy while taking metformin in prediabetes and diabetes 2 type, the drug should be discontinued, and in the case of type 2 diabetes, insulin therapy is prescribed. Necessarymaintain plasma glucose levels as close to normal as possible to reduce the risk of fetal malformations.

Metformin penetrates into breast milk. Side effects in newborns during breastfeeding while taking metformin were not observed. However, in connection with limited number data, the use of the drug during breastfeeding is not recommended. Decision on cessation of breastfeeding should be decided on the basis of the benefits of breastfeeding and potential risk occurrence side effects The child has.

Apply inside.

Adults:

Monotherapy and combination therapy in combination with other oral hypoglycemic agents in type 2 diabetes mellitus

- The usual starting dose is 500 mg or 850 mg 2-3 times a day after or during meals.

- Every 10-15 days it is recommended to adjust the dose based on the results of measuring the concentration of glucose in the blood plasma. Slowly increasing the dose helps to reduce side effects from the gastrointestinal tract.

- The maintenance dose of the drug is usually 1500-2000 mg / day. For decreasingside effects from the gastrointestinal tract The daily dose should be divided into 2-3 doses. The maximum dose is 3000 mg / day, divided into three doses.

Patients takingmetformin in doses of 2000-3000 mg/day can be switched to taking Glucofage® 1000 mg. Maximum The recommended dose is 3000 mg/day divided into 3 doses.

If you plan to switch from taking another hypoglycemic drug: you must stop taking the other drug and start taking Glucophage® at the dose indicated above.

Combination with insulin

To achieve better control of blood glucose and insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus can be used as a combination therapy.

The usual initial dose of Glucophage® is 500 mg or 850 mg 2-3 times a day, while the dose of insulin is selected based on the concentration of glucose in the blood.

Children and teenagers : in children over 10 years of age, Glucophage® can be used both as monotherapy and in combination with insulin. The usual starting dose is 500 mg or 850 mg once a day after or during a meal. After 10-15 days, the dose must be adjusted based on the concentration of blood glucose. The maximum daily dose is 2000 mg divided into 2-3 doses.

Monotherapy for prediabetes

Usual dose is 1000-1700 mg per day after or during a meal, divided into 2 doses. Regular glycemic monitoring is recommended to assess the need for further the use of the drug.

Patients with renal insufficiency:

Metformin may be used in patients with renal n sufficiency medium degree severity (creatinine clearance 45-59 ml / min) only in the absence of conditions that may increase the risk of developing lactic acidosis.

Patients with creatinine clearance 45-59 ml / min: the initial dose is 500 mg or 850 mg once a day. The maximum dose is 1000 mg per day, divided into 2 doses.

Kidney function should be carefully monitored (every 3-6 months).

If creatinine clearance is below 45 ml/min, the drug should be discontinued immediately.

Elderly patients :

because of possible reduction renal function, the dose of metformin should be selected under regular monitoring of renal function indicators (to determine the concentrationserum creatinine at least 2-4 times a year).

Duration of treatment

Glucophage® should be take daily, without interruption. In the event of discontinuation of treatment, the patient must inform the doctor.

The frequency of side effects of the drug is regarded as follows:

Very common: ≥ 1/10

Frequent: ≥ 1/100,< 1/10

Uncommon: ≥ 1/1000,< 1/100

Rare: ≥ 1/10,000< 1/1000

Very rare:< 1/10 000

Side effects are presented in decreasing order of importance.

Metabolic and nutritional disorders :

Very rare: lactic acidosis (see "Special Instructions").

With long-term use of metformin, there may be a decrease in the absorption of vitamin B 12. When megaloblastic anemia is detected, the possibility of such an etiology must be considered.

Violations by nervous system :

Often: taste disturbance.

Gastrointestinal disorders :

Very common: nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain and lack of appetite.

They most often occur in initial period treatment and in most cases resolve spontaneously. To prevent symptoms, it is recommended to take 2 or 3 times a day during or after meals. Slow dose escalation may improve gastrointestinal tolerance.

Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders:

Very rare: skin reactions such as erythema, pruritus, rash.

Liver and biliary tract disorders :

Very rare: abnormal liver function tests and hepatitis; after the abolition of metformin, these adverse events completely disappear.

Published data, post-marketing data, and controlled clinical researches in a limited pediatric population in age group 10-16 years of age show that side effects in children are similar in nature and severity to those in adult patients.

When using metformin at a dose of 85 g (42.5 times the maximum daily dose), no hypoglycemia was observed. However, in this case, the development of lactic acidosis was observed. A significant overdose or associated risk factors can lead to the development of lactic acidosis (see "Special Instructions").

Treatment: in case of signs of lactic acidosis, treatment with the drug should be stopped immediately, the patient should be urgently hospitalized and, having determined the concentration of lactate, clarify the diagnosis. The most effective measure for removing lactate and metformin from the body is hemodialysis. Spend also symptomatic treatment.

Contraindicated combinations

Iodine-containingradiopaque agents: against the background of functional renal failure in patients with diabetes mellitus, a radiological examination using iodine-containing radiopaque agents can cause the development of lactic acidosis. Treatment with Glucophage® should be discontinued, depending on kidney function, 48 hours before or at the time of x-ray examination with the use of iodine-containing radiopaque agents and not resume earlier than 48 hours after, provided that during the examination, renal function was found to be normal.

Alcohol: with acute alcohol intoxication increases the risk of developing lactic acidosis, especially in the case of:

- malnutrition,compliance low calorie diet;

- liver failure.

While taking the drug, you should avoid drinking alcohol and medicines containing .

Combinations that require caution

Danazol:Not recommendedconcomitant use of danazolavoidance of hyperglycemicthe actions of the latter. Atthe need for treatment with danazol and after discontinuation of the latter, a dose adjustment of the drug Glucofage® is required under the control of blood glucose concentration.

Chlorpromazine: when admitted to large doses(100 mg per day) increases blood glucose levels by decreasing insulin release. In the treatment of neuroleptics and after discontinuation of the latter, a dose adjustment of the drug is required under the control of the concentration of glucose in the blood.

Glucocorticosteroids (GCS) systemic and local action reduce glucose tolerance, increase the concentration of glucose in the blood, sometimes causing ketosis. In the treatment of corticosteroids and after discontinuation of the latter, a dose adjustment of the drug Glucophage® is required under the control of the concentration of glucose in the blood.

Diuretics:simultaneous reception"Loop" diuretics can lead to the development of lactic acidosis due to possible functional renal failure. Glucophage should not be prescribed if creatinine clearance is below 60 ml/min.

Given as beta injections 2 - adrenomimetics: increase the concentration of glucose in the blood due to stimulation of beta 2 - adrenergic receptors. In this case, it is necessary to control the concentration of glucose in the blood. If necessary, the appointment of insulin is recommended. With the simultaneous use of the above drugs, more frequent monitoring of blood glucose levels may be required, especially at the beginning of treatment. If necessary, the dose of metformin can be adjusted during treatment and after its termination.

Antihypertensive drugs funds, with the exception of inhibitorsangiotensin converting enzyme, may reduce concentration of glucose in the blood. If necessary, you should adjust the dose of metformin.

With the simultaneous use of the drug Glucophage® with sulfonylurea derivatives, insulin, acarbose, salicylates possible development of hypoglycemia.

Nifedipineenhances absorption and With m ah metformin.

Cationic drugs (amiloride, quinine, triamterene, trimethoprim and) secreted in renal tubules, compete with metformin for tubulartransport systems and can lead to an increase in its С m ah.

lactic acidosis

Lactic acidosis is rare but serious (high mortality in the absence of emergency treatment) a complication that may occur due to the accumulation of metformin. Cases of lactic acidosis while taking metformin occurred mainly in patients with diabetes mellitus with severe renal insufficiency.

Other associated risk factors should be considered, such as decompensated diabetes mellitus, ketosis, prolonged fasting, alcoholism, liver failure, and any condition associated with severe hypoxia. This may help reduce the incidence of lactic acidosis. Consideration should be given to the risk of developing lactic acidosis when non-specific signs such as muscle cramps, accompanied dyspeptic disorders, abdominal pain and severe asthenia.

Lactic acidosis is characterized by acidotic dyspnea, abdominal pain, and hypothermia followed by coma. Diagnostic laboratory indicators are a decrease in blood pH (less than 7.25), a lactate content in blood plasma over 5 mmol / l, an increased anion gap and a lactate / pyruvate ratio. If you suspect metabolic acidosis, you should stop taking the drug and consult a doctor immediately.

Surgical operations

Metformin should be discontinued 48 hours before scheduled surgical operations and can be continued no earlier than 48 hours after, provided that during the examination renal function was considered normal.

Kidney function

Film-coated tablets, 500 mg, 850 mg and 1000 mg.

Film-coated tablets, 500 mg:

10 tablets in a PVC / aluminum foil blister, 3 or 5 blisters, together with instructions for use, are placed in a cardboard box.

20 tablets in a PVC / aluminum foil blister, 3 or 5 blisters, together with instructions for use, are placed in a cardboard box.

Film-coated tablets, 850 mg:

15 tablets in a PVC / aluminum foil blister, 2 or 4 blisters, together with instructions for use, are placed in a cardboard box.

20 tablets in a blisterPVC / aluminum foil, 3 or 5 blisters, together with instructions for use, are placed in a cardboard box.

10 tablets in a blisterPVC / aluminum foil, 3, 5, 6 or 12 blisters, together with instructions for use, are placed incardboard box.

15 tablets in a blisterPVC / aluminum foil, 2, 3 or 4 blisters, together with instructions for use, are placed in a cardboard box.

On the blister and cardboard pack appliedsymbol "M" for protection against falsification.

Or in the case of the packaging of the drug LLC "Nanolek":

Film-coated tablets, 500 mg, 850 mg:

15 tablets in a PVC / aluminum foil blister, 2 or 4 blisters, together with instructions for use, are placed in a cardboard box.

20 tablets in a PVC / aluminum foil blister, 3 blisters, together with instructions for use, are placed in a cardboard box.

Film-coated tablets, 1000 mg:

15 tablets in a PVC / aluminum foil blister, 2 or 4 blisters, together with instructions for use, are placed in a cardboard box.

We will put the symbol "M" on the blister and cardboard pack to protect againstcomplex "NANOLEK".

Store at a temperature not exceeding 25 °C.

For the treatment of diabetes, effective and safe drugs are needed, one of which is Glucophage 1000.

The drug belongs to biguanides - hypoglycemic drugs used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. different types. Biguanides include metformin - the active component of all hypoglycemic drugs (Metformin, Glucofage, Siofor, etc.).

In addition to the proven effectiveness and relatively low price, Glucophage is now considered one of the most commonly prescribed drugs.

Properties of the medicinal product

Diabetes mellitus is endocrine disorders formed under the influence of various factors. The main manifestations of the disease - elevated level blood sugar, in some types of the disease - cell resistance to insulin (insulin resistance) and weight gain due to increased appetite. The drug Glucophage 1000 mg helps patients cope with these manifestations of the disease.

most brightly pronounced effect drug - hypoglycemic. But, unlike some other drugs, this effect is not achieved as a result of stimulating the production of insulin in the pancreas. For this reason, taking Glucophage does not cause low blood glucose (hypoglycemia), and therefore will not cause a hypoglycemic coma. In addition, even healthy people who take a drug for sugar control or weight loss will not develop hypoglycemia.

The hypoglycemic effect is achieved by acting on peripheral receptors - they become more sensitive to insulin. In addition, the utilization of glucose by cells is increased.

In addition, the drug has other properties. It slows down the absorption of glucose in the intestine and inhibits the formation of glucose in the liver. In addition to the hypoglycemic effect, Glucophage improves fat metabolism.

The main component of the drug, metformin, stimulates the production of glycogen.

Additionally, the drug helps patients with obesity and overweight reduce the amount of fat in subcutaneous tissue which facilitates the patient's condition, improves well-being. Taking the drug can reduce appetite, which also helps in weight loss. For these reasons, in some cases, Glucophage tablets are also used by healthy people to lose weight.

However, few people notice a decrease in appetite, just as the drug does not always achieve the goal.

Features and forms of release of the drug

The composition of the drug includes the active substance - metformin and additional components.

The peculiarity of the drug is that when used, a significant part of the main component is absorbed. Food intake allows you to slow down this process, so Glucophage should only be taken with food or immediately after a meal.

The bioavailability of the drug is 50-60%. Active ingredient quickly enters the tissue. Plasma protein binding occurs, but to a small extent. The highest content of the drug in plasma is reached in 2.5 hours.

Metformin is metabolized to an extremely low degree. It is excreted from the body quite quickly: half of the drug is excreted through the kidneys after 6.5 hours.

Glucophage is for oral use only.

Tablets differ in the concentration of the active ingredient:

• 500 mg;
• 850 mg;
• 1000 mg.

At the same time, tablets with a lower concentration of metformin (500 and 850 g) are round, biconvex. Tablets 1000 mg - oval, on one side there is an engraving "1000".

Glucophage is sold in packages, each containing 3 cells. Each cell contains 20 tablets.

Indications and contraindications for the use of the drug

Thanks to effective reduction glucose, Glucophage is prescribed primarily for non-insulin-dependent diabetes. Most in need of quality treatment obese diabetics who have not been helped by diet therapy and exercise to get rid of excess weight and high sugar.

Glucophage is also prescribed to patients with prediabetes if there are risk factors for diabetes to become overt.

The instructions indicate that adults and children over 10 years of age can be treated with the drug. At the same time, the use of Glucophage as the main drug, and simultaneously with a number of drugs, including insulin, is allowed. Taking Glucophage in combination with insulin is justified in obese diabetics.

The drug has contraindications:

1. Diabetic coma, ancestral coma, ketoacidosis.
2. The presence of manifestations of diseases in acute or chronic form, because in this case, the risk of tissue hypoxia is high.
3. Diseases of the kidneys and liver.
4. Recently transferred serious injury or surgery, the therapy of which involves the use of insulin.
5. Lactic acidosis, including history.
6. Individual intolerance to metformin or other components of the drug.
7. hypocaloric diet (with daily calories diet less than 1000 kcal).
8. Infectious diseases.
9. Hypoxia.
10. Alcoholism or alcohol poisoning.
11. X-ray using an iodine-based contrast agent.

A relative contraindication is the age of a person - patients over 60 years of age are not recommended to take Glucophage, since in this case there is a high probability of developing lactic acidosis. The medicinal product may only be used if constant control conditions, especially the correct functioning of the kidneys.

Glucophage is contraindicated during pregnancy and lactation. If pregnancy is planned or occurs during the course of treatment, the use of the pill should be suspended. In addition, analogues will not work either - medication is replaced by insulin injections. Reliable information about the ability of the components of Glucophage to enter the milk are absent, it is also better to refuse the drug during breastfeeding. If there is an urgent need to continue treatment with Glucophage, breast-feeding will have to stop.

The decision to use Glucophage in the course of therapy is made by the attending physician.

Before making a decision on the use of the drug, the attending physician prescribes an examination of the body. The purpose of such an examination is to establish the true state of the body.

Proper selection of the dosage and strict adherence to the instructions for use when taking Glucofage 1000, side effects appear to a lesser extent, but the likelihood of their occurrence remains.

The most common side effects include:

• Allergy pruritus, rashes;
• problems with the gastrointestinal tract.
• metal taste in mouth
• diarrhea,
• vomit,
• nausea,
• abdominal pain,
• flatulence,
• loss of appetite.

Gastrointestinal disorders are usually observed at the very beginning of taking Glucophage. They usually go away after a while. additional treatment. Reducing the severity of such symptoms can be achieved by taking antispasmodics or anthocin, as well as strict adherence to the rules of admission (only after or during meals).

Violation of metabolic processes - lactic acidosis - a dangerous condition that threatens to be fatal. The development of lactic acidosis is accompanied by characteristic symptoms(drowsiness, shortness of breath, heart rate, abdominal pain), as well as a lack of vitamin B12.

With lactic acidosis, the patient needs urgent hospitalization and qualified assistance. Other side effects are usually temporary, and with long-term use of the drug pass quickly enough. However, if negative manifestations are very worried, it makes sense to stop taking Glucophage and consult with your doctor. He will help to adjust the regimen of administration or advise analogues of the drug.

When using 85 g or more of the drug, an overdose occurs. Even with this amount, Glucophage does not cause sharp decline blood sugar levels, but provokes the development of lactic acidosis. The condition presents with symptoms such as fever body, pain in the abdomen and muscles, dizziness, impaired consciousness, rapid breathing, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, coma. If lactic acidosis is suspected, the patient should be hospitalized as soon as possible. In the hospital, the concentration of lactate is determined, a diagnosis is made.

To remove lactate from the body, symptomatic treatment and hemodialysis are prescribed.

Instructions for use of the medication

Before using the drug, you must study the description and detailed instructions for use. Compliance with the recommendations helps to avoid the occurrence of side effects and undergo treatment as comfortably as possible.

For each patient, how much to take the drug is determined individually. The dosage depends on the level of glucose in the blood. The minimum amount of the drug is 500 mg, that is, 1 tablet of Glucophage 500 or ½ Glucophage 1000. You need to take Glucophage 2-3 times a day. To avoid absorption active substance, tablets should be taken either with meals or immediately after meals, but not on an empty stomach. 1-2 weeks after the start of administration, the dosage is increased based on the results of measuring glucose levels and in the absence of side effects. gradual increase dosage can reduce the risk of side effects from the gastrointestinal tract. The maximum therapeutic dosage is 3 g per day, divided into 3 doses. Maintenance dosage should be lower - no more than 1.5-2 g per day.

With low efficiency of the hypoglycemic drug, the patient can be transferred to taking Glucophage. In this case, the intake of the first drug must be canceled and Glucophage should be started from the minimum allowable amount.

In complex cases of type 2 diabetes, patients require complex treatment that combines the intake of hypoglycemic drugs and. The feedback left by patients suggests that Glucophage is often recommended to reduce sugar in such cases. The usual initial dosage is 500-850 mg 2-3 times a day. The amount of insulin is selected for each patient separately, depending on the level of glucose.

In patients older than 60 years, the maximum dosage is 1000 mg per day. During treatment, it is necessary to undergo regular examinations to regulate the functioning of the kidneys.

For the treatment of type 2 diabetes in children, the drug is used both as the main drug and in combination with insulin. You need to start treatment with a minimum dosage of 500 mg, and then gradually increase it to a maximum of 2000 mg per day. The entire amount of the drug is divided into 3 doses.

Glucophage tablets should only be taken as a whole, without chewing. You can drink the required amount of water.

Cost and analogues of the drug

You can buy the drug Glucophage in ordinary city pharmacies, but it does not apply to drugs on the free market. To get the drug, you must have a prescription from your doctor with you.

Many overweight people do not want or cannot devote much time to sports, much less radically change their eating habits. This forces us to look for a medical solution to the problem.

All kinds of Chinese miraculous herbs have long disappointed, so people decided to pay attention to legal certified drugs, side effect which is weight loss.

The most popular drug for these purposes was Glucophage.

What is it and how to use it?

Short description

The drug is available in the form of coated tablets for ease of administration. There are several dosages of the main active substance- Metformin. Namely, 500 milligrams, 850 and a thousand.

Doctors prescribe the medicine to diabetics with type 2 disease. The goal is to lower the level of insulin in the blood. The name may differ, depending on the manufacturer, but the main thing is to focus on the active substance.

The principle of action of Glucophage for weight loss

Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas, the main task of which is the accumulation of energy in the body - fat.

The drug reduces insulin levels, reduces the amount of glucose absorbed by the stomach, normalizes metabolic processes and prevents the accumulation of fat cells in tissues due to a reduced level of the hormone.

At the same time, there is practically no effect on the processes in the pancreas, which allows the use of the remedy for people who do not suffer from diabetes.

There are a few more benefits to highlight:

1. Activation of burning and oxidation of fatty deposits in the body.

1. Minimizing the amount of carbon absorbed by the walls of the gastrointestinal tract.
2. Stimulation of active processing of glucose by muscle tissues.
3. Lowering blood cholesterol levels.
4. As a result, a slow, but sure and long-term weight loss due to a decrease in body fat.

Contraindications and side effects

The drug has a number of contraindications for use, so before you start taking Glucophage for weight loss, you must carefully read this list.

It is forbidden to take pills for people suffering from:

• type 1 diabetes mellitus;
• type II disease, in which your own insulin is not produced;
• kidney failure or other serious kidney pathologies;
• dysfunction of the liver;
• serious diseases of the cardiovascular system.

• alcohol abuse;
• a short period after surgery or an infectious disease;
• strictly prohibited for pregnant and breastfeeding mothers;
• the presence of individual intolerance to the active ingredient.

Side effects

The number of unpleasant side effects is relatively small and they appear in the first days of admission.

But it’s worth knowing about them, because with such manifestations, you need to stop using Glucophage tablets:

1. The extinction of the natural craving for food.
2. A taste of metal in the mouth.
3. Vomiting, nausea, or severe diarrhea.
4. Allergic rash on the body or appearance pain in the abdomen.

Application rules

It is impossible to find a scheme for using Glucophage for weight loss in the official instructions. A drug was created for another.

But empirically formed a small set of recommendations:

1. The period of continuous taking of tablets is from 10 to 21 days.
   If you drink less, then the effect will not be felt.
   On the other hand, a longer reception will lead to addiction, which will also reduce therapeutic effect down to zero.
2. The break between courses should be at least two months.

1. The daily dosage is from 500 to 3000 milligrams of the active substance and is selected individually.
   It's better to start with minimum quantity and in the absence of the side effects described above, the dosage can be increased.
2. Glucophage tablets are washed down large quantity non-carbonated liquid, intake occurs 3 times a day during or immediately after meals.
3. During the course of treatment, it is forbidden to use a diet with low quantity calories in food.
   On the other hand, high-carbon food (sweets), carbonated drinks, dry fruits in most cases will lead to indigestion and vomiting.
   Wherein positive effect from reception is minimized.
4. Sports activities are not prohibited, moreover, many athletes use Glucophage for the so-called "drying" before the starts.
   In other words, they urgently reduce weight to the required parameters.

Price characteristics

In order to understand the order of prices for the drug, information was used from one of the popular online pharmacies located in Moscow.

The manufacturer "Nycomed" is presented, but the prices differ little from other factories.

From the table, a simple conclusion suggests itself that the tool is quite affordable. There are no problems with availability in pharmacies either.

Reviews of those taking the drug

Scientific research about the influence this tool on the process of weight loss is not.

Therefore, it remains to focus only on the reviews of people who took the pills.

A friend advised me to try Glucophage for weight loss. She weighed about 80 kilograms, at a rate of 60. She claimed that every week it took her 2-3 kilos. Took 3 weeks. I have 74 kilograms, but I wanted to be below 60, that is, I don’t suffer from severe obesity, but I have a little fat.

Diets in such conditions are absolutely useless, so I decided to try. For the first few days there was nausea, but then it went away. I felt a decrease in appetite, I was especially pleased with the absence of an irresistible desire to put something into my mouth towards the late evening.

I have been taking pills for 2 weeks now and have lost 3 kilograms, which makes me very happy. I recommend!

-Sveta, 27 years old

With a height of 165 centimeters, she weighed about 100 kilograms. I read the reviews and decided to try Glucophage. I didn’t feel frankly negative side effects, but for 3 weeks I didn’t get any result at all.

Friends gave treadmill, I run 2 times a day for 2 kilometers, 3 times a week, I stopped getting up at night to the refrigerator and the weight began to decrease! Do not believe in miracle pills, only physical education and normal nutrition.

-Olga, 24 years old

Before taking the medicine, I weighed 124 kilograms with a height of 170. I have been taking pills for about six months (with interruptions of course). Now 92 kilograms. I don’t remember any particular inconvenience (nausea, etc.). Strictly nothing sweet did not use the first month and a half somewhere. Now I allow myself to indulge sometimes.

I started running a little and pumping the press (the skin began to sag). I don’t know what helped more - a diet with physical education or pills, but there is a result.

-Sergey, 35 years old

Constant stress and scandals led to overweight(I ate, like many). Life slowly got better overweight stayed. Diets and exercise equipment are not mine, so I decided to try Glucophage. I drank 2 courses and it took 2 sizes of clothes. Now I don’t take it, but the weight has remained stable. I didn’t feel any terrible side effects, as well as health problems.

-Irina K., 31 years old

Glucophage tablets were prescribed by an endocrinologist. On the this moment I've been taking them for 2 weeks now. I started with 500 milligrams, now it’s already 1000. The first two days I felt a little nauseous and regularly visited the toilet. Everything seems to have stabilized now.

The result for today is a few kilograms in the red, but judging by the clothes, the volumes have begun to go away. This is very pleasing, before that there were years of struggle with excess weight, but there were no tangible results.

Whoever decides to use the drug, I advise you not to be shy and consult a doctor. The doctor picked up a scheme for me, underwent an examination for heart and kidney diseases, and a blood sugar test was required.

There is no special diet, sweet and starchy foods had to be excluded (tea with a spoonful of sugar does not count), I do not drink carbonated drinks. From sports - long walks on fresh air but I have tried to do this before. Highly recommend!

-Tatyana N., 37 years old

I am extremely negative about the issue of taking pills for diabetes in the absence of the disease. The drug really reduces the absorption of glucose through the gastrointestinal intestinal tract, which in the short term can lead to some weight loss. But!

1. The lack of glucose leads to the fact that the body begins to produce it on its own. At the same time, it is transported to muscle tissues. It is possible to remove excesses only with the help of intense physical exertion. As a result, the accumulation of lactic acid occurs, which entails most dangerous disease- lactatidosis.
2. Comparative ease in achieving the first results ( easy weight loss) leads to the fact that a person stops monitoring nutrition and lifestyle. After all, it is easier to buy pills, to stick to a simple diet. But regular intake of Glucophage a healthy person sooner or later will lead to metabolic disorders. And this is a very difficult story.

Sergey Nikolaevich, doctor - endocrinologist

Glucophage can be prescribed for people who have diabetes. But only in the case when there is a deviation from the norm in terms of insulin levels. The drug does its job perfectly, and the amount of the hormone returns to normal.

As a result, metabolism improves and the process of weight loss occurs. But this is not a direct task of the tool, but the result of normalization internal processes. If there are no medical indications for admission, you can not drink pills.

-Elena S., endocrinologist

What you need to know about Glucophage is described in the video.

In contact with

Country of origin

Product group

Hypoglycemic agent for oral use of the biguanide group

Release forms

• 60 tabs in pack 10 - blisters (3) - packs of cardboard. 15 - blisters (2) - packs of cardboard. 20 - blisters (3) - packs of cardboard. 60 tabs per pack Long-acting tablets 750 mg - 60 pcs per pack. Coated tablets 850mg - 60pcs per pack. Film-coated tablets 1 gram - 30 pieces per pack. pack of 30 tablets

Description of the dosage form

• Long-acting tablets Long-acting tablets white or almost white color, capsular, biconvex, engraved "500" on one side. Prolonged-release tablets are white or almost white, capsule-shaped, biconvex, debossed with "500" on one side. Long-acting tablets are white or off-white, capsular, biconvex, debossed with "750" on one side and "Merck" on the other. White film-coated tablets; round, biconvex; on the transverse section - a homogeneous white mass. biconvex. White film-coated tablets; round, biconvex; on the transverse section - a homogeneous white mass. White film-coated tablets; oval, biconvex, scored on both sides and engraved "1000" on one side; on the transverse section - a homogeneous white mass.

pharmachologic effect

Pharmacokinetics

Special conditions

Compound

• 1 tab. metformin hydrochloride 500 mg Excipients: carmellose sodium - 50 mg, hypromellose 2910 - 10 mg, hypromellose 2208 - 358 mg, microcrystalline cellulose - 102 mg, magnesium stearate - 3.5 mg. 1 tablet contains: Metformin hydrochloride 750 mg Excipients: carmellose sodium - 37.5 mg, hypromellose 2208 - 294.24 mg, magnesium stearate - 5.3 mg. metformin hydrochloride 1000 mg Excipients: povidone, magnesium stearate. The composition of the film shell: pure opadry (hypromellose, macrogol 400, macrogol 8000). metformin hydrochloride 500 mg Excipients: povidone, magnesium stearate. The composition of the film shell: hypromellose. metformin hydrochloride 500 mg Excipients: carmellose sodium, hypromellose 2910, hypromellose 2208, microcrystalline cellulose, magnesium stearate. metformin hydrochloride 750 mg Excipients: carmellose sodium - 37.5 mg, hypromellose 2208 - 294.24 mg, magnesium stearate - 5.3 mg. metformin hydrochloride 850 mg Excipients: povidone, magnesium stearate. Film composition: hypromellose

Glucophage indications for use

• - type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults; - in combination with insulin in type 2 diabetes mellitus, especially in severe obesity with secondary insulin resistance; - type 2 diabetes mellitus in children over 10 years of age (monotherapy, in combination with insulin).

Glucophage contraindications

• - diabetic ketoacidosis; - diabetic precoma; - diabetic coma; - impaired renal function (KK

Glucophage dosage

• 1000 mg 500 mg 750 mg 850 mg

Glucophage side effects

• Side effects are presented in decreasing order of importance: From the side of the nervous system: often - a violation of taste ( metallic taste in the mouth - 3%). From the digestive system: very often - nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain and lack of appetite. Most often they occur in the initial period of treatment and in most cases resolve spontaneously. To prevent symptoms, it is recommended to take metformin during or after meals, dividing the daily dose into 2 doses. Slowly increasing the dose may improve gastrointestinal tolerance. If symptoms persist for a long time, stop taking the drug and consult a doctor. Dermatological reactions: very rarely - erythema, itching, urticaria. From the side of metabolism: very rarely - lactic acidosis. In patients treated with metformin long time, there may be a decrease in the absorption of vitamin B12, accompanied by a decrease in its concentration in the blood serum. When megaloblastic anemia is detected, the possibility of such an etiology must be considered. early symptoms lactic acidosis are nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, a decrease in body temperature, abdominal pain, muscle pain, in the future there may be an increase in breathing, dizziness, impaired consciousness and the development of coma. From the hepato-biliary system: there are isolated reports of impaired liver function or hepatitis; after the abolition of metformin, adverse events completely disappear.

drug interaction

Overdose

Storage conditions

• store at room temperature 15-25 degrees
• keep away from children
• store in a place protected from light

Synonyms

• Bagomet, Vero-Metformin, Glyminfor, Gliformin, Glucophage, Dianormet, Diformin retard, Metfogamma 500, Metfogamma 850, Metformin, Metformin-BMS, Siofor 500, Siofor 850, Formin Pliva

To pharmacological group hypoglycemic drugs are medical preparation Glucophage (Glucophage) in the form of tablets. The indicated medication is prescribed to patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus to reduce blood cholesterol. Drug therapy is prescribed by a doctor, self-medication is dangerous to health.

Composition and form of release

Glucophage are round, biconvex, white, film-coated tablets intended for oral administration. The medication is packaged in blisters of 10 or 20 pcs. 1 carton contains 30 or 60 tablets, instructions for use. The manufacturer provides 3 dosages of Glucophage with the content of the active substance - 500, 850 and 1,000 mg in 1 table. Features of the chemical composition:

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

Glucophage tablets with a pronounced hypoglycemic effect increase the sensitivity of insulin receptors, thereby improving the absorption of glucose. Metformin is a biguanide chemical composition, reduces gluconeogenesis in liver cells - hepatocytes, activates lipid metabolism, delays the absorption of carbohydrates from the digestive tract, reduces the rate of glycemia and glycated hemoglobin.

The active substance stimulates the synthesis of glycogen, while not affecting the secretion of insulin by the cells of the islet apparatus of the pancreas. The risk of developing hypoglycemia is minimal. With simultaneous use with food, the absorption of Glucophage decreases. The bioavailability index is 50-60%. The drug is rapidly adsorbed from the digestive tract, reaching the maximum plasma concentration after 2.5 hours. Metabolism occurs in the liver, the half-life is 6.5 hours. The drug is excreted by the kidneys with urine unchanged.

Indications for use

Detailed instructions for the use of Glucophage reports that medical product has narrow specialization Recommended for patients with type 2 diabetes. The tablets are given as independent medicine or within complex therapy along with other hypoglycemic agents, insulin. Daily doses are adjusted individually.

How to take Glucophage

The medicinal product is intended for oral administration full course. Tablets are supposed to be taken during or after a meal, washed down with plenty of liquid. Daily doses and concentration of the active substance 1 table. depends on the patient's blood glucose level. The instruction contains the following recommendations for use:

1. The initial dose of Glucophage is 500-850 mg for 2-3 daily doses. As the blood glucose is studied and monitored, it is increased.
2. The average daily dose of a hypoglycemic agent is 1,500–2,000 mg, which must be divided into 3 daily doses.
3. The maximum dose of tablets is 3,000 mg, divided by the patient into 3 daily doses.

Before starting drug therapy, you need to individually consult with your doctor. Thus minimizing the risk of side effects. Valuable recommendations from the instructions:

1. To avoid side effects, the concentration of metformin in the blood is increased gradually.
2. In combination with insulin, the initial dose of Glucophage is 500-850 mg three times a day. In the future, glucose correction is carried out by changing the dosage of insulin.
3. Patients from 10 years of age are prescribed 500-850 mg once a day as part of mono- or complex therapy. Gradually it is increased to 2,000 mg, but no more.
4. The dosage of Glucophage for elderly patients is adjusted depending on the characteristics of the kidneys, the presence of a chronic urinary system.

special instructions

Before starting a course of treatment with Glucophage, you need to carefully study the instructions for use, consult a doctor. Valuable recommendations:

1. If necessary, the operation of the use of tablets is stopped a couple of days before surgery.
2. In patients with renal or hepatic insufficiency, with chronic alcoholism, the metformin component accumulates in the blood. This is how lactic acidosis progresses, the risk increases lethal outcome.
3. When treating with Glucophage, it is required to monitor kidney function, and in case of glycemia, systematically measure blood glucose.
4. When treating with this drug, a uniform intake of carbohydrates into the body is necessary. The calorie content of the daily menu is not less than 1,000 calories.
5. The drug does not affect the speed of psychomotor reactions, therefore, during treatment, it is allowed to control vehicle, study intellectual activity.
6. Long-term use hypoglycemic agent contributes to the occurrence of hypovitaminosis B12, so a break is required between courses.

Glucophage during pregnancy

According to the instructions for use, when planning pregnancy and bearing a fetus, treatment with Glucophage should be stopped. The doctor prescribes insulin, individually adjusts the daily dosage. Taking pills during lactation is also contraindicated, since metformin is excreted with mother's milk. According to the instructions, when prescribing the indicated medication, breastfeeding is stopped, the child is temporarily transferred to adapted mixtures.

Glucophage for weight loss

The drug Glucophage 500 is used for weight loss. This medication reduces bad cholesterol in the blood, normalizes the metabolism of fats. Additionally, you need to follow therapeutic diet, which provides complete failure from sugar and sugar-containing products. According to the instructions, the recommended dosage of Glucophage 500 for weight loss is 1 tab. three times a day, maximum - 6 tab. per day . If there is a feeling of nausea and dizziness, the number of tablets should be halved. The course of treatment is 2-3 weeks.

drug interaction

Glucophage is prescribed alone or as part of drug therapy full course. Instructions for use contains information about drug interaction:

1. When used concomitantly with other hypoglycemic drugs or insulin increases the risk of hypoglycemia.
2. In combination with iodine-containing radiopaque agents and diuretics, the risk of complications of diabetes and lactic acidosis increases.
3. In combination with Danazol, hyperglycemia develops, correction is necessary daily dosage when interacting with neuroleptics.
4. Medications Amiloride, Morphine, Quinidine, Ranitidine increase the concentration of metformin.
5. Glucocorticosteroids provoke ketosis, reduce glucose tolerance, and increase its concentration in the bloodstream.
6. β2-adrenergic stimulants and chlorpromazine in combination with metformin increase the concentration of glucose in the bloodstream.
7. Injections of beta-adrenergic agonists increase the concentration of sugar in the blood, while ACE inhibitors, antihypertensive drugs, on the contrary, reduce.
8. Sulfonylureas, acarbose, salicylates, when used simultaneously with metformin, cause the development of hypoglycemia.

Side effects

The drug Glucophage is well tolerated by the body. Doctors do not exclude the appearance of side effects, described in detail by the instructions for use:

• digestive tract: diarrhea, gastralgia (abdominal pain), nausea, vomiting, decreased appetite, taste disturbance, flatulence;
• metabolism: poor absorption of vitamin B12 from the lumen small intestine, lactic acidosis;
• skin: small rash, urticaria, hyperemia, swelling of the epidermis, erythema, itching and burning of the skin;
• others: megaloblastic anemia, development of hepatitis, impaired renal function.

Overdose

With a systematic excess of daily doses of Glucophage, lactic acidosis develops (lactic acidosis). The patient's breathing quickens, pronounced signs of dyspepsia appear, dizziness worries, body temperature rises, confusion and coma are observed. First of all, in the hospital it is required to find out the concentration of lactate, after which hemodialysis is carried out. Further treatment symptomatic.

Contraindications

The instructions for use provide a capacious list medical contraindications when oral administration of a hypoglycemic agent can harm the health of the patient. It:

• acute renal failure;
• diabetic ketoacidosis, coma;
• liver failure;
• severe dehydration;
• recurrent diseases of the body infectious and non-infectious nature;
• poisoning of the body, state of shock;
• injury and surgical interventions;
• chronic alcoholism, poisoning with ethanol decay products;
• respiratory and heart failure, acute myocardial infarction;
• pregnancy at any obstetric period;
• lactation period;
• hypocaloric diet;
• carrying out radioisotope methods of diagnostics and x-rays;
• hypersensitivity body to metformin.

Terms of sale and storage

Glucophage is prescription drug so ordering online is not possible. They sell medicine in pharmacies. According to the instructions, store in a dry, cool and dark place, out of the reach of small children and limited to direct sunlight. The shelf life of Glucophage 850 and 500 tablets is 5 years, Glucophage 1000 is 3 years from the date of issue indicated on the package.

Analogues

If the medicine is not suitable or causes side effects, it is replaced complete analogue. Reliable hypoglycemic agents with brief description:

1. Bahomet. The drug is recommended for diabetes in the presence of obesity. According to the instructions, the patient is prescribed 2-3 tablets. per day. The course is determined individually.
2. Glycon. Tablets for oral administration in a full course. daily dose increase gradually to 3 g. The maintenance dosage is 1-2 g per day.
3. Glyformin. A drug with a hypoglycemic effect in diabetes mellitus, which is accompanied by patient obesity. According to the instructions maximum dose- 3 g per day, individually adjusted by the attending physician.
4. Glyminfor. The drug is recommended for type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Instructions for use contains a capacious list of side effects, contraindications. Self-medication is prohibited.
5. Langerine. Medicine in the form of tablets for oral administration. As monotherapy, 50 mg is prescribed three times a day. According to the instructions, the course of treatment is adjusted by the attending physician, it is necessary to take breaks between courses.
6. Metospanin. With monotherapy, the initial single dose for adults is 500 mg with a frequency of use 1-3 times a day. Alternatively, use of 850 mg 1-2 times a day is recommended.
7. Metadiene. An oral hypoglycemic agent from the biguanide group in the form of tablets for oral administration in a full course. Dosages for patients of all ages are described in detail in the instructions.
8. Metformin. The drug contains a component of the same name, acts systemically in the body. Metformin controls the level of glycemia, reduces the concentration of glucose in the blood. Produced in the form of tablets.
9. Siafor. The drug has fewer side effects than Glucophage. Recommended for patients with overweight in type 2 diabetes.