The latest generation of antihypertensive drugs. ACE inhibitors in hypertension. List of drugs of the new generation.

AT modern world percentage of people who have diseases of cardio-vascular system, is large enough. Mortality from these diseases is one of the first places. Often problems start with slight increase blood pressure, which many do not pay attention to. Over time, this leads to more serious complications.

Hypertension - what is this disease?

Currently, one of the most common diseases is hypertension. We do not pay attention to fatigue, frequent headaches, or the fact that memory has deteriorated, and these may be the first signs of hypertension. Often a person long years does not respond to these symptoms, and over the years they are aggravated. Added tinnitus, sweating or swelling.

Just needs to be measured arterial pressure. And having such symptoms, it should be done regularly. If you have constantly high blood pressure or periodically its indicators are higher than normal, then this is hypertension. The disease is chronic, and if left untreated, there are noticeable changes in the work of various organs. Vision will deteriorate, coordination may even be disturbed. The feeling of fatigue will become regular.

Causes of hypertension

One of the causes of high blood pressure is stress. AT stressful situation the amount of adrenaline in the blood rises sharply, hence the increase in blood pressure. In addition, there are other reasons:

1. Large amount of sodium. It retains fluid in the body. This results in swelling and high blood pressure.
2. Excess weight.
3. Smoking.
4. A sedentary lifestyle and many other factors that can affect blood pressure.

If the diagnosis is made, it is necessary not to delay treatment. Medicine does not stand still, and every year there are more and more drugs for the treatment of this disease. It is necessary to pass tests, conduct an examination of some organs in order to correctly prescribe treatment. Unfortunately, at medicines There are side effects that need to be taken into account. Are there treatments for side effects?

Managing high blood pressure without medication

When asked if there are drugs for hypertension without side effects, the answer is simple. There are no drugs that would have virtually no side effects. But at the initial stage of the development of the disease, treatment without the use of drugs is possible. It is necessary to activate the forces of the body to fight the disease and eliminate possible reasons her appearance. How to do it? Here are some tips:

1. You need to follow a diet. Give preference vegetarian dishes. Significantly reduce your intake table salt. It is she who is one of the reasons for fluid retention in the body, and as a result, pressure rises.
2. Take a complex of vitamins, minerals and amino acids. It has been scientifically proven that B vitamins, magnesium, amino acids, fish fat very effective in helping to keep blood pressure under control. Especially if the reason high blood pressure is not excess weight and no concomitant diseases thyroid gland or kidneys.
3. It is necessary to observe the regime of work and rest. There should be moderate physical activity.
4. Learn to balance your psycho-emotional state. Overcome stress, for this, study and learn how to use one of the psychopractices.

These methods are a kind of hypertension cure without side effects.

It is possible to normalize pressure with the help of phytopreparations, taking sedative fees. They usually include the following herbs: lemon balm, motherwort, peppermint, chamomile and three-leaf watch, valerian root.

Recognizing the disease in time and starting to follow these simple advice, you can easily normalize your pressure and keep it under control.

Medical treatment of hypertension

When the disease is running, you will have to resort to treatment using drugs for hypertension. No Side Effects medical preparations practically non-existent. However, a properly selected medication will minimize the risk. Modern drugs have fewer side effects.

It is necessary to choose a medicine for hypertension of a new generation, taking into account the stage of the disease and its degree. Used in treatment different kinds medicines. They come in several groups:

1. Diuretic. They remove excess fluid from the body. This reduces the workload of the heart and kidneys. It is very important to observe the dosage of the drug, take into account contraindications. For example, you can not apply for gout. Diuretics are excreted from the body in the urine and useful vitamins, and trace elements. This must be taken into account. Here are some names of these drugs: Furosemide, Polithiazide, Diukardin, Amiloride, Bumetanide, Metolazone and others.
2. Vasodilators. They dilate the walls of blood vessels, thereby reducing blood pressure. They are prescribed necessarily in combination with other drugs. They possess large quantity side effects. Their intake is justified if other drugs do not help, and when the disease is severely neglected. For example, Minoxidil, Hydralazine.
3. ACE inhibitors. These are drugs complex action. They have a positive effect on the heart, blood vessels and kidneys. They relieve spasms of blood vessels, reducing the synthesis of hormones and substances that affect their condition. There are contraindications and side effects. Most often they are prescribed to patients with diabetes or kidney disease. Here are some of them: Captopril, Enalapril, Monopril, Ramipril.
4. Beta blockers. They act on sympathetic receptors nervous system as a result - a decrease in norepinephrine. He plays very important role, its level increases with angina pectoris and myocardial infarction. There are a lot of contraindications. hypotension, severe form of bronchial asthma and others. These include Carvedilol, Timolol, Karteolol.
5. Calcium is not allowed to enter the heart cells, as a result, myocardial contraction decreases, and the heart rate becomes lower. They have a diuretic effect. They also have side effects. These are drugs such as Nifedipine, Amlodipine, Veramapil.

When a doctor prescribes drugs for pressure, the list may consist of several types of drugs. The effectiveness of treatment depends on properly selected medications with minimal side effects.

Pricing policy of funds from pressure

The treatment of any disease is a cost. The price of medicines in pharmacies varies widely. If you can't afford an expensive drug, you may be offered more cheap analogue. But is it worth buying cheaper?

Analogues, as a rule, are not faked, which is a plus, but they have a significant number of side effects. The new generation hypertension drug goes through several stages of purification, therefore, the number of side effects is much lower than that of a cheap drug. Expensive medicine it is more convenient to use, it usually has a longer validity period.

You should carefully consider the country of origin. When we are talking about such serious illness, like hypertension, the price of medicines in pharmacies should not get in the way of your recovery.

Injections for hypertension

Medicine does not stand still. More and more new medicines are being created. So, in Switzerland, they began to produce a drug in the form of injections, which is able to normalize blood pressure for several months. CYT006-AngQb is its name. But he is currently undergoing the first tests.

In the early stages of the disease, patients usually take pills. But it happens that the medicine in tablets no longer helps. Then it is necessary to be treated by resorting to injections.

Irregular medication, stress can cause sharp rise pressure - hypertensive crisis. In this case, you can also achieve a better effect by making injections. In difficult situations, it is better to call " ambulance". Here are just some of the drugs that are used in the form of injections to reduce pressure:

• "Enalaprilat". It has a pronounced vasoconstrictive effect.
• "Clonidine". Reduces heart rate, lowers blood pressure.
• Furosemide. As a diuretic, it reduces blood volume by lowering blood pressure.
• Magnesium sulfate. Relieves vasospasm.

If the patient goes to the hospital, then he is given injections of drugs, the introduction of which is necessary under the supervision of a doctor. Here is some of them:

1. "Nitroglycerine".
2. "Sodium Nitroprusside". Has a hypotensive effect.
3. "Metaprolol". Decreases heart rate.
4. "Pentamine". Blocks the nodes of the sympathetic nervous system, reduces pressure.

All of these drugs have side effects therefore, it is necessary to strictly observe the dosage and carry out treatment under the supervision of a physician.

Hypertension in the elderly

There are many factors to consider when treating hypertension in the elderly. At this age, a person becomes more vulnerable to various diseases. This means that more attention needs to be paid emotional state. Elderly patients should, if possible, active image life, diet and reduce salt intake. Compliance with the daily routine and an optimistic outlook on life also play an important role.

Medicines for hypertension in elderly patients are prescribed with great care. It must be borne in mind that they can be much more affected by side effects, since the cardiovascular system is already weakened due to age-related changes. If in this late age hypertension is just beginning, it is necessary to start treatment without resorting to medications.

The latest generation of hypertension drugs

Medicine has been fighting hypertension for decades. All new drugs are being created. As a rule, it is possible to normalize blood pressure by using several medications at once. various action. Medicines for hypertension latest generation- these are compounds of several active substances in one tablet. One tablet replaces several drugs. The composition of these drugs is created taking into account the side effects of each component. They are practical to use. The dose of medication taken is reduced. The likelihood of side effects is much lower than with conventional drugs. Consequently, combined preparations more effective in treatment.

Folk remedies for hypertension

Considering the severity of the disease, select treatment folk remedies necessary only after consulting a doctor. There are several directions in the treatment of herbal preparations:

• Use collections of herbs that have a sedative effect. In this role, valerian officinalis, adonis performed well.
• Effective herbs with diuretic properties, such as dill, bearberry leaves.
• Use plants that have the ability to improve the condition of blood vessels. This group includes arnica, chokeberry, shepherd's bag.

It is very good to use the collection from hypertension. It usually contains several herbs. It is a diuretic, sedative and improves the condition of blood vessels. As effective collection the following can be given. You need to take 10 g of horsetail, blue cornflower and fennel, 15 grams of Baikal skullcap, chokeberry, hawthorn, valerian root. From the entire collection we take 10 g and pour a glass of boiling water. We insist 30 minutes, and then we filter. The resulting volume is supplemented to 200 ml boiled water. Use 1/3 cup 3 times a day.

It is recommended to drink lingonberry juice on an empty stomach or eat a clove of garlic without chewing. There are many folk recipes to normalize pressure, but it must be remembered that treatment with folk remedies cannot completely replace drug therapy.

The latest drugs for hypertension

Scientists all over the world are trying to find the best cure for hypertension. But the ideal is still far away. However, there are developments that amaze with their positive dynamics. So, for example, the injections mentioned above. Chinese scientists, using ancient experience in the treatment of herbs, have created a patch for hypertension. This miraculous remedy fights the causes of high blood pressure. It consists of preparations made on natural, plant-based. Side effects are practically absent. The patch has a positive effect on the entire cardiovascular system. It encourages the body to fight high blood pressure on their own. The drug enters the body bypassing digestive tract. One patch is designed for 2-3 days. It starts working within 10 minutes. It is practically invisible under clothes, as it is glued near the navel.

The best remedies for hypertension

Everyone suffering from high blood pressure is trying to find the best drugs for hypertension. It is almost impossible to find drugs without side effects. But it is worth paying attention to new developments. After all, medicine does not stand still. Keep your finger on the pulse, be interested in the latest in medicine, and let's hope that soon the scientists, developing the list, will reduce it to one name. Do not forget that everything is in your hands. Lead healthy lifestyle life, eat right, exercise. And if the disease has already come to you, do not despair and consider this an occasion to change your life for the better.

Previously, the pressure was lowered with the help of an ordinary foxglove. Over time, medicines gradually improved. But mortality from hypertension and its complications was high. Various antihypertensive drugs are developed every year. New generation drugs are constantly appearing that are not only effective, but also give less adverse reactions.

What should be antihypertensive drugs

The normal level of blood pressure depends on vascular tone. With their spasm caused by contraction of smooth muscle tissue, the lumen narrows, which leads to hypertension. This usually occurs during exercise or due to nervous strain. But sometimes the pressure rises due to the development of diseases of the cardiovascular system, kidneys, disorders hormonal balance. To normalize it, the doctor prescribes antihypertensive drugs.

Medicines used to treat hypertension need to do more than just dilate blood vessels. With this, the tools made on the basis of foxglove coped quite well. However, mortality from hypertension was high. Mainly due to complications caused by the disease and side effects of drugs.

An effective drug for hypertension should:

1. Normalize pressure for a long time.
2. Beneficial effect on target organs (kidneys, heart, eyes).
3. Do not give adverse reactions. Negative impact drug should be minimized.

In order for medicines to meet all these requirements, various research and development of new generation drugs are constantly being carried out in the world.

But also old effective medicines are not forgotten. They are improved by creating effective means from hypertension.

Modern hypertensive

Medicines used to treat hypertension are different groups. Greatest effect give complex preparations. They not only reduce pressure by dilating blood vessels, but also restore the functioning of the kidneys and heart, and prevent the development of severe complications.

All antihypertensive drugs affect the natural mechanism of blood pressure regulation. They can affect the central nervous system or inhibit the production of hormones and enzymes that cause hypertension. All drugs are classified according to how they alter the normal regulation of blood pressure.

List of groups of effective antihypertensive drugs:

• neurotropic;
• myotropic action;
• affecting humoral regulation;
• diuretics.

Thanks to this diversity, it is easier to choose the drug individually. But the choice must be made by the doctor. Only a specialist will prescribe the necessary pills, since all new generation medicines have a multifaceted effect.

Neurotropic agents

Medicines in this group affect the central nervous system. They reduce the activity of the sympathetic nervous system. This relieves the tension of smooth muscle tissue, which leads to a decrease in pressure. These include:

1. Sedatives (clonidine guanfacine, rilmenidine, methyldopa). They affect the vasomotor center located in the cerebral cortex, thus forcing them to relax smooth muscle. As a result, the walls of the vessels expand and the pressure decreases. But they make you sleepy.
2. Ganglioblocking agents (pentamine, benzohexonium). affect ganglions that innervate muscle tissue. But their use leads to a decrease in the tone of all organs. They can cause constipation and blurred vision.
3. α-blockers (phentolamine, tropafen, prazosin). Influencing receptors located in vascular wall, they have a depressing effect on the vasomotor center.
4. Sympatholytics (reserpine, guanethidine, pargyline). Reduce the level of norepinephrine, which causes vasoconstriction.
5. β-blockers (anaprilin, atenolol, talinolol, metoprolol, labetalol). This is a new generation of drugs that affect not only the vasomotor center. They weaken the work of the heart, reduce the production of renin, reduce the level of norepinephrine. Therefore, these drugs are considered the most effective antihypertensive agent.

Neurotropic drugs reduce blood pressure well, have favorable influence on the work of the heart, and β-blockers and on the kidneys. But they can cause a lot of side effects. Overdose sedatives may cause cardiac arrest. Adrenoblockers are not recommended for bronchial asthma. All of these drugs have many contraindications. Therefore, before you start taking pills, you should consult your doctor.

It's important to know! Abrupt discontinuation of neurotropic drugs leads to a rapid and persistent increase in pressure.

Myotropic drugs

They affect ion exchange in smooth muscle tissue. Myotropic tablets work different ways, but lead to the same result - a decrease in pressure.

blockers calcium channels:

• fenigidin;
• diltiazem;
• isradipine;
• verapamil.

Potassium channel activators:

• minoxidil;
• diazoxide.

Nitric oxide stimulants:

• sodium nitroprusside;
• molsidomine.

Phosphodiestase inhibitors:

• papaverine hydrochloride;
• bendazol;
• apressin;
• theobromine.

Phosphodiesterase inhibitor drugs have been used for a long time. But now they are almost not prescribed, as they cause an increase in the work of the heart. New generation drugs, mainly calcium channel blockers, are much more effective. They have minor side effects.

It's important to know! Verapamil cannot be combined with β-blockers. Together, they can cause serious complications in the work of the heart.

Medicines affecting humoral regulation

The body produces a hormone that increases blood pressure - angiotensin. Therefore, drugs have been developed that inhibit its production. These include:

• angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors;
• angiotensin receptor blockers;
• aldosterone receptor blockers.

ACE inhibitor pills have been used for a long time. A well-known and widely used drug of this group is captopril. It slows down the breakdown of bradycardin (a substance that dilates blood vessels), and has a beneficial effect on the heart. But it is better to use it in combination with diuretics and β-blockers. It causes tachycardia, dry cough, angioedema.

Omapatrilat belongs to the new generation drugs. It inhibits ACE and endopeptidase, which destroys bradycardin, adrenomedulin (vasodilating peptides).

On the this moment drugs that act on angiotensin receptors are being developed. Their action is stronger and longer lasting.

List of AT-receptor blockers:

• losartan;
• irbesartan;
• valsartan;
• telmisartan.

They can cause dizziness, allergies, but side effects are extremely rare. It's important to know! Angiotensin receptor blockers should not be taken by pregnant or lactating women.

Aldosterone inhibitors affect kidney function by reducing the absorption of water and sodium. As a result, the volume of circulating blood decreases, which helps to reduce pressure. by the most effective drug thought to be spironolactone.

But latest research showed that it is undesirable for men to take this drug. It is a testosterone antagonist and therefore can cause impotence, feminization.

Among the drugs that affect the humoral regulation of blood pressure, special place occupies the recently developed drug aliskeren.

It belongs to potent drugs, has prolonged action. A small dose of this drug is enough for a day. And at the same time, it does not cause any special side effects. But only a doctor can determine the need to take it and the dosage.

Drugs that affect water-salt exchange, used for . They reduce the amount of fluid and sodium ions entering the blood, thereby helping to reduce pressure.

Modern ones change the response of blood vessels to exposure various substances. They increase susceptibility to sympatholytics, ganglion blockers. Reduce the effects of norepinephrine and other vasoconstrictors.

List of the most effective diuretics:

• hypothiazide;
• lasix;
• ethacrynic acid;
• aldactone.

Most diuretics remove potassium and magnesium from the body. And these trace elements are important for the functioning of the heart and nervous system. Reducing their number leads to serious complications. Therefore, with diuretics, asparkam and panangin must be prescribed.

What modern antihypertensive drugs are better

All drugs that affect the natural mechanism of pressure regulation are effective in the treatment of hypotension. But each group has its own side effects:

1. Neurotropins inhibit the work of the central nervous system. Cause drowsiness, absent-mindedness. In large doses, they can cause cardiac arrest.. With prolonged use, patients complain of fatigue, depression. Ganglioblockers cause constipation, urinary retention (therefore, diuretics are recommended in combination with them), glaucoma, blurred vision.
2. Myotropic drugs affect all organs. They can disrupt the work of the heart, kidneys, liver.
3. Drugs that affect hormones and enzymes can cause persistent hypotension. They are not recommended for pregnant women and for kidney disease. They also contribute to the appearance of edema and allergies.
4. Diuretics remove the necessary potassium and magnesium from the body. Contribute to an increase in blood lipids and glucose. And this causes the development of atherosclerosis. They are also dangerous for those who have suffered a myocardial infarction or suffer from chronic arrhythmia.

To date, many have been developed antihypertensive drugs. Choosing the best treatment for hypertension depends on many factors. These are individual drug tolerance, concomitant diseases, and even the amount of microelements in the blood. Therefore, pick necessary medicines the doctor should, as there are contraindications and features for each patient.

The main goal in the treatment of hypertension is to reduce pressure to a certain level (less than 140/90 mm Hg. Art.) or lower, which is possible only if the condition of good tolerance by the patient of prescribed medications is met.

Medicines for hypertension and high blood pressure (BP) should be selected by the doctor individually for each patient.

You can not constantly take drugs that lower blood pressure, if you just heard about the drug on TV or advised by friends.

The need for drug therapy is determined based on the possible degree of risk of complications in the cardiovascular system. With a small risk of complications, the doctor prescribes medication only after a long observation of the patient's condition (the observation period in this case ranges from 3 months to 1 year).

If the risk of complications is high, drug therapy to reduce pressure is appointed immediately. Also, the attending physician can determine the reception additional medicines if the patient has comorbidities that affect possible complications.

Prescribing medications to lower blood pressure

Medicines for hypertension are prescribed based on the indicators of the level blood pressure the patient and comorbidities. Medicines that reduce blood pressure are divided into different groups, depending on the composition and direct action.

So, with hypertension of the 1st degree without complications, it is enough to take no more than 1 medication to reduce the pressure to the required level. With more high rates Blood pressure (with hypertension of 2 or 3 degrees), the presence of concomitant diseases, affected target organs, therapy consists of combined application 2 or more drugs.

However, regardless of the degree of hypertension, the decrease in pressure should be gradual, without sudden jumps. Particular attention should be paid to elderly patients, as well as patients who have had a myocardial infarction or stroke.

Now for treatment arterial hypertension The two most widely used drug therapy strategies are:

Monotherapy is the search for a drug that is optimal in its action for the patient. With absence positive result from the applied method of therapy are switched to combined method treatment.

For stable control of blood pressure in a patient, it is advisable to use long-acting drugs. Such drugs, even with a single dose, provide pressure control for 24 hours. An additional advantage is also a greater adherence of patients to the prescribed treatment.

What is the medicine for hypertension?

It should be noted that the therapeutic effect medicines does not always lead to a sharp decrease in blood pressure. In patients who suffer from atherosclerosis of cerebral vessels, which is almost 1/3 of all patients arterial hypertension, often there is a deterioration in the blood supply to the brain tissue due to sharp decline blood pressure (more than 25% of entry level). This affects general well-being person. It is important to monitor blood pressure at all times, especially if the patient has had a previous myocardial infarction or stroke.

When a doctor prescribes a new blood pressure medication to a patient, he makes the dose of the drug as low as possible so that it does not cause side effects. If the normalization of pressure occurs in positive dynamics, the doctor increases the dose of the drug.

When choosing a drug, many factors are taken into account:

1. previously observed reactions of the patient to the use of a particular medication;
2. predicting interactions with drugs taken to treat other diseases;
3. target organ damage;
4. the patient's predisposition to complications;
5. Availability chronic diseases(diseases of the urinary system, diabetes, metabolic syndrome);
6. identification of diseases occurring in the patient's body at the moment (to exclude the possibility of prescribing incompatible medicines);
7. drug cost.

Currently, drugs are used to treat hypertension, which can be divided into 5 classes:

• Calcium antagonists (AK).
• Diuretics.
• β-blockers (β-AB).
• AT1 receptor blockers (ARBs).
• angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACEI).

The choice of each drug to combat hypertension should be based on what side effects it can provoke. It is also important to assess its impact on the overall clinical picture diseases. The price of the medicine is taken into account last.

The drug can only be prescribed by the attending physician. You can not prescribe this or that medicine on your own, without the supervision of a doctor.

Effective medicines for hypertension and high blood pressure

Searching for a cure on your own headlong is an unpromising occupation. After all, each medicine acts on certain sources of the disease.

However, positive effect treatment of high blood pressure is achieved only with the help of certain medications.

Table: Effective drugs from pressure

The main task in the treatment of patients with a diagnosis of hypertension is to reduce the risk of cardiovascular complications as much as possible and prevent lethal outcome. To achieve maximum results, the patient should focus not only on reducing pressure, but also reconsider their lifestyle, abandon bad habits. It is also necessary to deal with the prevention of diseases of target organs and reduce the dynamics of the development of pathologies in these organs.

Medicines for high blood pressure in hypertensive crisis

Before prescribing a certain medication, the attending physician must evaluate all the risks associated with possible complications after its use.

in hypertensive crisis and high pressure The emergency doctor can give the patient powerful remedies:

1. Kapoten 25 - 50 mg (one of the best medicines during a crisis).
2. Physiotens (Moxonidine), a dosage of 0.4 mg; or Clonidine, dosage of 0.075 - 0.15 mg. Last drug has a second name - Clonidine. It is prescribed only to patients who are constantly taking this remedy. Currently withdrawn from drug circulation.
3. Nefedipan (Corinfara). Perfectly stops the symptoms of a crisis. It is taken in tablets of 10 or 5 mg.

If blood pressure does not decrease 30-40 minutes after taking the medication, then the doctor may give an injection with a more powerful remedy.

How to lower blood pressure without medication? To normalize blood pressure will help daily to improve blood circulation. During this period, a person needs to completely refuse table salt and spicy dishes. consume more raw vegetables and foods rich in potassium and magnesium. Fish meat is very useful for hypertensive patients. Blood pressure often returns to normal after 2-3 daily diet with cranberries and rowan.

For quick relief of symptoms of hypertension, mustard plasters help very well. Enough to put them on calf muscles. Hypertension is dangerous disease, the treatment of which can only be entrusted to an experienced professional, avoiding the advice of ordinary people.

In contact with

Antihypertensive pills are prescribed to lower blood pressure. Preference is given to those drugs that must be taken once a day, or drugs that have an effect of 12 hours.

To minimize the risk of adverse reactions due to long-term therapy, doctors prescribe 2 or more drugs. This appointment allows you to reduce the dosage taken, reduce the load on the liver.

Drug therapy is not prescribed for hypertension of the 1st degree. When the blood "pressure" increases to 160/90 and above, you need to take pills. Additional treatment recommended secondary diseases, which lead to the lability of indicators.

Pharmacology offers a wide range of medicines. Used to lower blood pressure homeopathic medicines, biologically active additives(BAA), antihypertensive drugs, diuretics, etc.

Alpha and beta blockers, calcium antagonists in the treatment of hypertension

Beta blockers are used as monotherapy or combined treatment. good effect observed in the development of resistant arterial hypertension. Can be used if there is a history of angina pectoris, a heart attack, chronic heart failure, atrial fibrillation.

The principle of action of drugs is to prevent the production of renin and angiotensin, which leads to narrowing of blood vessels. First, one beta-blocker is prescribed, you need to take it within 20-30 days. The combination is then supplemented with diuretic drugs or calcium antagonists.

Hypertensive drugs are selective and non-selective properties. The list of the first group - Carvedilol, Sotalol, Oxprenolol. The second is Atenolol, Betaxolol, Bisoprolol.

Alpha-blockers are aimed at blocking adrenoreceptors, which can lower blood pressure. Bright representative group - Doxazosin. Used for long term treatment.

Calcium channel blockers are classified:

• Amlodipine, Nifedipine - dihydropyridines.
• Diltiazem is a benzodiazepine.
• Verapamil - phenylalkylamines.

Calcium antagonists are focused on improving cardiac exercise tolerance. They are combined with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, which allows you to remove diuretic drugs from the treatment program.

These effectively contribute to the expansion of peripheral vessels, but give many side effects, in particular, harmful transformations in brain cells. Therefore, the dosage and frequency of administration should be carefully monitored by the attending physician.

Diuretics

Among hypertensive drugs, a diuretic is prescribed one of the first. They help to remove excess fluid from the body, which reduces blood "pressure", levels the swelling formed due to fluid stagnation.

At the same time, the volume of circulating blood in the human body decreases, the load on the cardiovascular system decreases. These actions lead to the normalization of SD and DD.

Appointments are made on an individual basis. The side effect of drugs is that they remove from the body minerals necessary for normal life - potassium, calcium and magnesium. Therefore, along with them, drugs are prescribed that make up for the deficiency of components. Most often these are vitamins (Alphabet) and mineral complexes.

Drugs for hypertension of a new generation of diuretic effect are potassium-sparing, do not wash out useful material from the body. During treatment, you need to limit the intake of foods rich in potassium.

Effective diuretics:

1. Diuver, Furosemide. They have a powerful effect, wash out potassium and magnesium, can not be taken during pregnancy, lactation.
2. Indapamide, Hypothiazid. They act relatively slowly, have a smaller list of contraindications and side effects.
3. Veroshpiron gives a weak result, but belongs to the new generation of drugs, "saves" potassium. Appointed at 3 degrees hypertension.

The drugs are inexpensive, sold in a pharmacy without a doctor's prescription. The price varies from 50 to 100 rubles. Self-medication is strictly prohibited.

Taking diuretics increases the risk of developing diabetes, hormonal failure. In men, the potency decreases, the concentration of cholesterol in the blood increases.

ACE inhibitors in the treatment of hypertension

Enter your pressure

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors block the substance that converts renin to angiotensin, which constricts blood vessels. Medicines reduce blood flow to the heart, help the myocardium recover.

Unlike other drugs that have vasodilating effect, ACE inhibitors prevent vascular spasms due to their gentle effect on the body of hypertensive patients.

Including them in the treatment regimen can reduce the likelihood of developing a heart attack, stroke, kidney pathologies, and diabetes. They are characterized by a short duration of exposure, taken in accordance with the doctor's prescriptions.

Classification depending on the group in the composition:

• With a sulfhydryl group - Captopril, Zofenopril. They operate for a short period of time.
• With a carboxyl group - Lisinopril, Enalapril, Equator. The duration is average. Differ in high ability to get into soft fabrics.
• With a phosphinyl group - Ceronapril. They have a prolonged effect, quickly penetrate and accumulate in tissues.

Lozap and Enalapril: characteristics and instructions

Lozap - a drug for hypertension, contains the main active substance losartan potassium; auxiliary components - magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, talc, dyes, dimethicone.

Prescribed for the treatment of arterial hypertension, heart failure chronic form. As a prevention of pathologies of the cardiovascular system. Can be taken with diabetes.

Tablets are taken orally, regardless of the meal. Enough 1 time per day. For hypertensive patients, the standard dose is 50 mg. If blood pressure does not decrease, increase to 100 mg. With heart failure, you need to drink 12.5 mg once a day.

The daily dosage is constantly increasing, depending on the tolerability of the drug. Eventually reaches up to 50 mg.

Do not prescribe for hypotension, intolerance to substances present in the composition, during pregnancy, in childhood and adolescence. In accordance with the instructions of the drug, side effects are noted:

1. Fatigue, headache, dizziness, sleep disturbance.
2. Symptoms of infections upper paths respiration, rhinitis.
3. Dryness in oral cavity, toothache attacks of nausea and vomiting.
4. Pain in the back chest and lower limbs.
5. Bradycardia, arrhythmia, angina pectoris, anemia, tachycardia.
6. Kidney failure (very rare).

The simultaneous use of an antihypertensive drug and alcohol leads to an increase in adverse reactions.

Enalapril normalizes blood pressure, expands the lumen of blood vessels, belongs to the group of ACE inhibitors. Available facility, the price is low - 30-50 rubles per pack. You can buy at any pharmacy.

Reception is recommended for hypertension, Raynaud's disease, heart failure, secondary arterial hypertension, diabetic neuropathy. When included in complex therapy, angina pectoris, heart attack, and chronic renal failure are prevented.

With GB, you need to drink 5 mg once a day. As a prophylaxis, the dosage is 10 mg per day. Maximum dose per day 40 mg.

Side effects:

• Dizziness, convulsions, nervousness, sleep disturbance.
• Unproductive cough, nausea, vomiting.
• Rapid heartbeat, hair loss.
• Pain in the sternum, anaphylactic shock.

The abstract notes that long-term use drugs can cause impotence in men. On cancellation erectile function recovered without further treatment.

long acting blood pressure medications

Diroton has a hypotensive property. Available in dosages of 5, 10 and 20 mg. Belongs to the group of inhibitors. Prescribed for the treatment of heart failure, effective only as part of complex therapy. For the treatment of hypertension, it can be recommended as a single agent.

It is acceptable to take a long period of time. The dose and frequency of use depend on the age and level of blood pressure. The standard dose is 40 mg every 24 hours. As a maintenance treatment, drink 20 mg per day.

Contraindications: pregnant and lactating women, underage age, tendency to allergic reactions, hypersensitivity to components. Sold in a pharmacy, the price is 130-150 rubles.

Name of long-acting drugs:

1. Noliprel.
2. Prestarium.
3. Clonidine.

Noliprel has combined composition. The impact on blood pressure indicators is due to each active ingredient. Combines an ACE inhibitor and a diuretic. Recommended for the treatment of essential hypertension. Reception is carried out once a day. Not recommended for renal liver failure, stenosis renal arteries, lactase deficiency, Quincke's edema in the history of the disease, in children under 18 years of age.

Prestarium - antihypertensive drug, contains indapamide. Indications for use: hypertension, heart failure. Prestarium A is recommended for stable coronary disease heart as a prophylaxis of exacerbation, to prevent conditions from which the patient can die - heart attack and stroke.

Clonidine has a sedative and antihypertensive effect. Affects the neurogenic regulation of vascular tone. Included in the treatment regimen for GB, prescribed for a hypertensive attack to reduce the risk of complications.

Contraindications:

• depressive syndrome.
• Sick sinus syndrome.
• lactation, pregnancy.
• Alcoholism.
• Porfiry.

Prescribed with caution in diabetes mellitus, CHF, myocardial infarction, kidney and liver diseases, pathologies gastrointestinal tract. The dose varies from 40 to 75 mcg once a day. If unsuccessful, an increase to 900 mcg per day is acceptable. The duration of therapy is 30-60 days.

If within two days of treatment the pressure does not decrease, you should stop taking it and consult a doctor.

There are many drugs for treatment, and they all have their own indications and contraindications for use, as well as adverse reactions.

Fast-acting drugs for hypertension

With a sharp jump blood counts the load on the heart and blood vessels increases several times, there is insufficient blood flow to internal organs, which leads to a deterioration in well-being, an increased risk of death.

Observed anxiety symptoms- shortness of breath, dizziness, palpitations of the heart and pulse, nausea, panic. The patient is afraid to die, worries even more, which leads to an increase in SD and DD.

To calm down, you can take medicine sedative effect- tincture of Valerian, Motherwort. To quickly normalize blood pressure, drugs are used:

1. Captopril. Against the background of a hypertensive attack, the medicine is placed under the tongue at a dosage of 50 mg. Monitor blood pressure every 15 minutes. If after half an hour there is no effect, you can take another pill.
2. Nifedipine. For a quick decrease in performance, chew 10 mg, drink copious amounts liquids. If there is a history of heart attack, pathology respiratory system, the drug is contraindicated.
3. Anaprilin has a fast-acting effect. Normalizes cardiac activity and pulse. Do not take with lesions of the lungs, weak conduction of the heart.

Hypertension is a very common disease, which is dangerous for its consequences and complications. People suffering from this disease have to take medicines all their lives, watch their diet, control body weight and perform reasonable physical exercise. The pharmaceutical industry is in constant development and search for new more efficient and safe means. After all, a medicine for hypertension of a new generation should not only keep blood pressure at the required level, but also prevent the development, have practically no side effects and contraindications, protect target organs and prevent the development of complications.

New generation drugs

Many patients are interested in new pills for hypertension. After all, they have a lot of advantages compared to their predecessors. At the same time, it is important not to forget that the appointment of even a novelty among antihypertensive drugs should be carried out only by the attending physician. It is he who will be able to determine the appropriateness of using one or another remedy, depending on the degree of hypertension, the characteristics of its course, as well as individual characteristics the patient's body.

The pharmaceutical market is constantly replenished with new drugs for hypertension. Among them are both completely new products, as well as analogues or generics for a long time. known means. Therefore, a new name is not always equal to a new drug, it is imperative to pay attention to the active substance.

New generation pressure drugs (the list is constantly updated):

• Rasilez (aliskiren);
• Trifas (torasemide);
• Fosicard (fosinopril);
• Prestarium (perindopril);
• Nebilet (Nebivolol);
• Norvasc (amlodipine);
• Valz (valsartan);
• Cardosal (olmesartan);
• Lozap (losartan);
• Candecor (candesartan);
• Prytor (telmisartan);
• Teveten (eprosartan);
• Edarbi (azilsartan).

All of these drugs belong to different groups of antihypertensive drugs and reduce blood pressure due to different mechanisms of action.

Renin inhibitors

Renin inhibitors are the most a new group antihypertensive agents. At the moment in medical practice its only representative, aliskiren, is used, known under trade name Rasilez. The principle of action of drugs in this group is to inhibit the production of renin, an enzyme that is directly involved in the chain of chemical transformations of angiotensin I into angiotensin II. After all, it is angiotensin II that causes vasoconstriction and an increase in blood pressure. And by excluding renin from reactions, it is possible to prevent the formation of this hormone, as a result of which a decrease in vascular tone occurs and an antihypertensive effect is manifested.

Rasilez

These hypertension pills are manufactured by the well-known pharmaceutical company Novartis Pharmaceuticals in Switzerland.

Contraindications: hypersensitivity, pregnancy, women childbearing age, unstable angina, childhood, kidney and liver dysfunction.

Side effects: flushing to the face, asthenia, headache, edema, dyspepsia, polyuria, drowsiness, myasthenia gravis, etc.

They have a similar composition:

• Zanidip,
• Alvotens,
• Kapidin,
• Thoridip.

Combined funds

Group combined funds to reduce pressure is very popular among doctors' prescriptions. After all, such drugs are often much more effective than monopreparations. There are numerous combinations of different groups, but the most popular, perhaps, is the addition of a diuretic to other antihypertensive components. These drugs include:

• Co-Exforge,
• Equator,
• twinsta,
• Lodoz,
• Fosicard N,
• Noliprel etc.