Mouse fever is the scientific name. Symptoms and treatment of mouse fever in men. Methods of transmission of the virus

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), more commonly known as " mouse fever is an acute viral infectious disease.

The carriers of the pathogen are rodents - field mice, rats, the bats, but the bank vole is recognized as the main carrier. A person can become infected by airborne dust.

Especially dangerous, where the risk of infection is extremely high, are wooded areas.

Rural residents, foresters, mushroom pickers, fishermen and outdoor enthusiasts are at risk. It should be noted that the disease is not transmitted from person to person.

Ways of contracting mouse fever

Few of us love mice that live in their minks and come out in search of their food when everything is calm around and there are no people nearby. Having found food for their food, they not only spoil and gnaw it, they thereby spread the causative agent of a dangerous disease.

Mouse fever is an acute viral disease, the causative agent of which is carried by field mice, house mice, and Norwegian rats. Rodents themselves do not get sick, but can transmit the pathogen by inheritance. The isolation of the virus into the external environment occurs through the excrement of rodents. Given in recent times an increase in the number of mouse-like rodent populations, the possibility of contracting mouse fever increases.

Among the ways of infection, doctors distinguish the following:

• Alimentary way - when eating food or water that is contaminated with secretions with viruses;

• Contact route - by direct contact of damaged human skin with objects contaminated with excrement with viruses, or by direct contact with infected rodents.

Very often, infection occurs when sweeping the floor in forest lodges, when cleaning basements and sheds, when eating infected water or food.

A sick person is not dangerous to others, since the disease is not transmitted from person to person.

Mouse fever symptoms

The duration of the incubation period can be on the order of 7-46 days, but the most frequent period is 21-25 days. Initial period, oliguric (characterized by hemorrhagic and renal manifestations), the polyuric period and the convalescence period are those actual periods of the course of the disease that characterize mouse fever. Symptoms of mouse fever in children appear gradually, while their first manifestations can be seen only on the fifteenth or even twentieth day after the infection has occurred. Among them are the following:

• Temperature rise up to 40°C;
• muscle pain, joint pain;
• Chills;
• Nausea with alternate vomiting;
• Migraines of frequent occurrence;
• visual impairment;
• Severe bleeding gums, as well as bleeding from the nose.

As for adults, mouse fever has symptoms of a similar nature, general form which is presented as follows:

Initial period. Its duration is 1-3 days, it is characterized by a rather acute onset. The temperature, as we have already indicated, reaches about 40 ° C, often accompanied by chills. Arises headache strong enough in its manifestation, the patient's condition is accompanied by dry mouth, general weakness. Examination reveals the presence of signs of hyperemia of the skin (neck, face, upper thoracic regions), conjunctivitis occurs, in some cases a hemorrhagic rash appears.

2-4 - 8-11 days of illness. As in the past period, the disease is characterized elevated temperature, which lasts up to 4-7 days. Lowering the temperature does not improve general condition moreover, it may even worsen. Typical manifestations for this period are pain in the lower back with varying degrees their expression. With the onset of pain lumbar vomiting also occurs (6-8 or more times a day), while it is not associated with the use of drugs or food. There is also pain in the abdomen, often bloating. characteristic manifestation disease is expressed in kidney damage, which causes puffiness of the face, positive symptom Oliguria, pastosity of the eyelids.

9-13 days. Polyuric period. Vomiting stops, pain in the abdomen and lower back gradually disappears, appetite and sleep return to normal, the daily amount of urine excreted increases. Dry mouth and weakness persist, the recovery period comes gradually, from 20-25 days.

Diagnosis of mouse fever

In order to diagnose the disease, it is necessary to have such factors as:

• Contact of the patient with rodents or objects infected with the virus;

• Being in the zone of vital activity of carriers of the virus (countryside, field, summer cottage, etc.);

• The change in the stages of the disease, the presence of its signs and symptoms, characteristic of mouse fever;

When diagnosing a disease in the laboratory, a doctor prescribes a number of tests, which include:

• Polymerase chain reaction- a method for detecting viruses, which makes it possible to identify the genetic materials of the pathogen in the blood;

• Enzyme immunoassay - an analysis that determines the presence in the patient's blood of special antibodies designed to fight the pathogen;

• Complete blood count (suspicions should be raised reduced amount platelets);

• Urinalysis (erythrocytes and protein will be detected in case of illness);

• Biochemical blood test (to identify problems with the kidneys);

• Fecal analysis (blood found in the stool indicates bleeding in the digestive system).

For diagnostic purposes, a blood coagulation test may be prescribed, ultrasound procedure, electrocardiography and X-ray chest. Treatment of the disease is carried out by a therapist and an infectious disease specialist. You may also need to contact an epidemiologist.

Mouse Fever Treatment

With mouse fever, treatment is exclusively stationary. If you have symptoms that are similar to hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, in no case do not self-medicate, as you can only harm yourself. Be sure to contact an infectious disease specialist.

Like most infectious pathology, treatment of mouse fever is symptomatic. The therapy is carried out in a hospital with the participation of specially trained personnel. The basis of the treatment regimen is to limit movements and ensure rest throughout the illness, including during the recovery period. All because there is high risk hemorrhage, bleeding and thrombosis. The duration of bed rest depends on the severity of the disease: mild form it should be about a week, medium-heavy - 2-3 weeks, and heavy - 3-4 weeks. The duration of bed rest is mandatory until complete recovery. The success of treatment depends on early referral to a specialist. During treatment, it is important proper care for the patient, careful monitoring of the condition of the skin and mucous membranes, the level blood pressure, daily diuresis and character of the chair.

Various antiviral drugs are prescribed, such as amixin, lavomax, etc.
Antipyretics help reduce fever. The most common are paracetamol and nurofen. With severe pain in the patient, it is necessary to administer painkillers, for example, ketorol or analgin. All drugs should be prescribed and canceled only by a doctor. Widely used infusion therapy with glucose and saline. Improve metabolism and functioning immune system vitamins C and group B will help. If necessary, the patient is prescribed hormonal drugs (dexamethasone, prednisolone, etc.). If there are violations of blood clotting, anticoagulants are indicated - heparin, warfarin.

In hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, the most different ways breeding toxic substances- oral and intravenous administration saline solutions, the use of sorbents. AT severe cases there is a need for hemodialysis.

Nutrition Features

An important component of treatment is balanced diet patients. The food must be easily digestible enough proteins and vitamins. Food should be fractional, in 4-5 doses, the food is warm, but in no case hot. Vegetables (carrots, beets, cabbage) are recommended to be served mashed. At pronounced manifestations acute kidney failure the amount of protein is limited, as well as fruits and vegetables that contain a lot of potassium (prunes, citrus fruits, potatoes) due to the danger of hyperkalemia and azotemia. In the early days of murine fever, when there is still no renal dysfunction, it is shown plentiful drink (mineral water, fruit drinks, fruit juices, teas). In the period acute manifestations nutrition should be parenteral, during the recovery period, vegetable and milk is recommended light diet with enrichment with vitamins that strengthen the walls of blood vessels - C, K, PP.

After recovery, the patient for a long time observed by the therapist and infectious disease specialist. Immunity lasts for life repeated cases mouse fever are excluded.

Folk treatments for mouse fever

Mouse Fever Treatment folk remedies more focused on reducing kidney damage6

• Flax seeds. 1 tsp seeds pour 200 ml of water, bring to a boil, cool and filter. Drink half a glass every 2 hours. Such treatment lasts 2 days;

• Cowberry. For 1 cup of boiling water take 2 tbsp. l. crushed leaves of this plant. The drug is kept in a water bath for 30 minutes, then cooled and consumed in half a glass 3 times a day;

• Cornflower blue. For 400 ml of boiling water take 1 tbsp. l. the color of cornflower, insist for half an hour, after which it is filtered. Drink a decoction half an hour before meals. The entire volume of the drug is drunk during the day. Horsetail. For 200 ml of boiling water, take 2 tsp. herbs, insist 1 hour, then filtered. During the day, you need to drink the entire infusion;

• Orthosiphon. For 200 ml of boiling water, take 3 g of dried crushed leaves of this plant. The drug is boiled for 5 minutes, after which it is insisted for 4 hours. Take warm in half a glass twice a day before meals. This decoction is a potent diuretic;

• Corn silk and honey. 10 g of crushed corn stigmas are poured into ½ cup of boiling water and infused for 1 hour, then filtered. The broth is cooled and 2 tsp are added. honey. Drink 1-3 tbsp. l. decoction every 3 hours. Treatment lasts 5 days;

• Buckwheat. healing action render the flowering tops of this plant. For 1 liter of water, take 40 g of chopped buckwheat grass, boil for 5 minutes, then cool, filter and drink throughout the day. This remedy prevents the manifestation of hemorrhages in thrombohemorrhagic syndrome;

• Geranium. A decoction of the roots of this plant is useful for hemorrhages. For 1 liter water take 4 fresh root fragrant geranium. The roots are washed, cut and boiled for 20 minutes, then cooled and filtered. Drink ½ cup of decoction every 20 minutes during the day. Treatment lasts until the patient's condition improves;

• Currant. Freshly prepared currant juice is useful for thrombohemorrhagic syndrome. Juice drink 50-150 ml three times a day.

Complications of mouse fever

The possibility of developing complications in murine fever is very high. Infectious influence can cause:

• development of focal pneumonia;

• accumulation of extravascular fluid in the lungs, provoking their edema;

• rupture of renal tissue;

• acid-base imbalance leading to the development of urination;

• convulsive and fainting conditions;

• inflammatory changes in the renal tissues;

• sudden cessation of renal function.

There are known cases of complications with the manifestation of meningoencephalitic symptoms.

For mild to moderate clinical picture illness, and timely treatment, the prognosis is good and nothing threatens life. Mortality can be caused by untimely treatment and, as a result, the development of complicated processes.

Prevention of mouse fever

There are no measures that will completely avoid infection with mouse fever. by the most in an efficient way food and water will be protected from rodents with the help of closed containers.

In addition, contact with rodents must be avoided. For rural residents, it is recommended to carry out deratization regularly. Such measures will reduce the risk of infection to a minimum.

Mouse fever - dangerous disease therefore, when the first signs of intoxication of the body appear, which do not disappear within two days, you need to seek qualified medical help.

Mouse (hemorrhagic) fever. Behind the seemingly funny name lies a heavy and extremely dangerous infection.

Starting like a common cold, fever quickly leads to irreversible changes in the internal organs.

The kidneys are the first to suffer. Work disruptions excretory system in many cases, they end in death, so it is so important to identify this disease in time and start treatment.

Mouse fever in men: causes

In the practice of infectious disease doctors, there is average portrait of a patient with hemorrhagic fever. Most often, the disease affects men, residents countryside. It is explainable. The carrier of the pathogen is the vole mouse, which is not so easy to meet in a metropolis. Since the infectious agent is not transmitted from person to person, the city dweller has even less chance of getting sick.

The question arises: why is murine fever more common in men? The reasons for this lie in the neglect of hygiene rules. Otherwise, both men and women suffer equally often.

The immediate cause of infection is contact with small rodents and their waste products. This means that you can become the "owner" of the pathogen:

When inhaling air with particles of saliva, rodent droppings.

When eating food, on the surface of which there are waste products of mice, rats (a common situation when pickles, vegetables and other food are stored in sheds, cellars).

Upon contact with rodents (the pathogen can enter the body through damaged skin, mucous membranes, etc.).

Residents of urban apartments in which rodents are found are in the same danger.

Thus, the causes of mouse fever in men are in contact with rodents and violation elementary rules hygiene.

Mouse fever in men: signs

A disease such as hemorrhagic fever has a complex development. There are 5 stages in the clinical picture.

The first stage covers the period from the moment of infection to the onset of the first symptoms. This so-called incubation period. It lasts, on average, 3-4 weeks. At this time, the patient does not know that an uninvited guest is “hosting” in the body. There are no symptoms. In men, the first symptoms of mouse fever develop earlier.

The first stage (beginning) develops acutely. Its duration is 2-3 days. During this period, the picture resembles a cold: the patient has symptoms of intoxication (headache, nausea, body aches, weakness). In addition, symptoms in initial phase fever development includes:

• vomiting;
• Redness of the face, collar area (neck, part of the back). This is due to a rush of blood to the skin and many small hemorrhages.
• Rash (red, blood-filled blisters).
• Hyperthermia (increase in body temperature up to 39-40 degrees).

Signs of mouse fever in men and women are generally the same.

In some cases, the clinical picture may be blurred. It is noteworthy that the first symptoms of mouse fever in men may not be as bright as in women.

The second stage also develops acutely and begins with a decrease in the daily amount of urine (oliguria). Oliguria indicates the beginning of a violation in the work of the kidneys. The oliguric period of the disease lasts from 8 to 11 days. All this time, the patient has intense pain in the lower abdomen and lower back. After 2-3 days from the beginning of the oliguric stage, intense vomiting appears.

By the end of the oliguric stage, the symptomatic increase in temperature practically disappears. However, this does not bring relief.

Third stage. Also called polyuric. At severe course the disease is preceded by a stage of disturbance in the work of the kidneys (manifested by edema, mental disorders such as depression, sleep disorders).

Fortunately, with timely treatment, the polyuric stage occurs earlier. During this period, there is an increase in daily diuresis (polyuria). We are talking about 2-5 liters of urine per day. it good indicator, because it speaks of the normalization of the kidneys. But during the course of the third stage, observation is important: the development of complications in the form of renal failure is possible.

Duration - about 5-15 days.

The fourth stage is manifested by the disappearance of fever. Only residual effects. This stage of the disease can last from 1 month to 15 years. Even if the patient is not worried about anything, it is too early to calm down. There is always a risk of development formidable complications, which means that you need to constantly be under the preventive supervision of a nephrologist.

Thus, the signs of mouse fever in men include:

The phenomena of intoxication (headache, weakness, etc.).

Temperature increase (up to 40 degrees).

Nausea.

Pain in the lower back and abdomen.

Decreased daily diuresis.

Increased daily diuresis in the final period of the disease.

Diagnosis of mouse fever in men

If a person suspects a mouse fever, you should consult a general practitioner or, if the symptoms are in full swing, do not hesitate to call an ambulance medical care. AT lung cases the course of the disease can be treated on an outpatient basis by a general practitioner (infectionist) and a nephrologist. In all other situations, you can not do without hospitalization.

Diagnosis, especially in the early stages, presents many difficulties. The most important thing here is to pay attention to the likely circumstances of infection. Diagnostics includes:

Questioning the patient. Collecting an anamnesis, the doctor should clarify the nature of the complaints, their prescription. Just as important, find out if there has been contact with rodents.

Laboratory research. A general blood test reveals inflammatory process. Blood biochemistry makes it possible to evaluate kidney function for a number of substances: urea, creatinine. A specific PCR test is used to detect traces of the pathogen in the patient's biomaterial. Other methods are practically useless at the initial stage of the development of the disease. When they appear renal disorders, urinalysis is informative.

Instrumental Research. Limited to ultrasound diagnostics. Ultrasound allows you to visualize the renal structures and identify abnormalities.

In general, these studies are enough for an attentive specialist to make a diagnosis. The typical development of the clinical picture contributes to an even faster identification of the "root of evil".

Treatment of mouse fever in men

Treatment of mouse fever in men is difficult task: such a difficult disease requires integrated approach.

From the first to last day disease requires strict bed rest: the pathogen causes fragility of blood vessels, therefore there is a high risk of bleeding. The duration of bed rest is determined by the doctor. Average, we are talking about 2-6 weeks.

In therapy, the most different drugs:

To eliminate the pain syndrome, analgesics are used: analgin, ketorolac, etc.

The fight against the virus is underway antiviral drugs(Lavomax, etc.).

Anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effect achieved by taking special drugs: Nurofen, Paracetamol, etc.

Sorbents are prescribed to remove toxins from the body.

It is important to prescribe maintenance treatment: vitamins, glucose.

With edema, a reception is necessary hormonal drugs: prednisolone, dexamethasone.

All drugs should be prescribed only by a doctor.

Mouse fever in men: prevention

It is easier to prevent a disease than to treat it later. Prevention of mouse fever in men, as well as in women and children, is not difficult.

It is enough to observe simple rules:

Do not store food in open form. Especially where rodents are likely to be found (in cellars, basements, sheds, etc.). Use tight packaging.

Do not eat such foods, especially do not eat foods that have been bitten by rodents.

Wash your hands regularly.

Avoid contact with mice and rats.

Ventilate utility rooms more often.

Timely deal with rodents in residential areas.

Mouse fever is a serious and dangerous disease. On the early stages it is almost indistinguishable from a cold, but can quickly cause fatal outcome or at least severe violations in the work of the body.

It is impossible to self-diagnose and even more so prescribe treatment for yourself. In all cases, it is recommended to be treated in a hospital to avoid the development of complications.

Meeting with sometimes cute rodents often ends in danger. Wild, domestic rodents are carriers serious illnesses. One of these is mouse fever, the symptoms and treatment of which we will consider in our materials.

Mouse fever is a viral, infectious disease that leaves an irreversible mark on the vital important systems person. At first glance, the course of the disease occurs like a cold, but the matter is much more serious. Are amazed urinary system, kidneys. The result of the disease is often fatal. Therefore, you should not ignore any changes in the body after an unpleasant meeting with mice, rats, hamsters.

The main category of people who are at risk of contracting this virus are residents of villages, villages, agricultural farms, as well as lovers of travel and outdoor recreation.

The definition of individuals in this category is primarily due to the fact that the carriers of the infection are domestic, field mice, as well as a certain type of rat - Norwegian. The above individuals are most often found with rodents. This is the only reason why the chances of the townspeople getting sick are decreasing. Vole mice practically do not live in megacities.

There are several forms of mouse fever infection:

1. For heavy pollution environment particles of mouse droppings and further inhalation of air with impurities of these excrement and saliva of rodents, that is, air contact.
2. If you eat unwashed vegetables, fruits, greens, on which the carriers of the infection moved, then the likelihood of the disease is high.
3. The causative agent of the virus penetrates through direct contact with rodents, for example, a bite, a scratch.
4. On the contrary, if there are damages on the skin, then when working with rodents, you can catch an infection.

Important! The study of the disease today confirms that the male sex suffers from it most of all, since personal hygiene is neglected. Hard farm work proves it, no time to wash your hands raw vegetables, work with the earth.

The disease has several stages and with the designation primary symptoms diseases are worth talking about:

Initial

The most dangerous stage. The danger lies in the untimely detection of symptoms, which often do not appear at all.
Lasts about 72 hours. People are deluded about their health. It is believed that this is nothing more than a cold, flu, acute respiratory infections.

Symptoms at this stage:

• dizziness;
• nausea, vomiting;
• weakness and aches all over the body;
• fast fatiguability.

These signs are more like severe intoxication. With a strong rush of blood to the skin, redness of the front of the body, neck, and back may emerge. A rash appears in the form of small blisters filled with blood. The body temperature rises to 40 degrees.

The picture of murine fever can be unclear, as some patients have an immune system that kicks in at the right time. For this reason, symptoms are more pronounced in women than in men.

oliguric

The second stage, in which kidney damage occurs and genitourinary system. It is observed in the daily amount of urine. As a rule, the main sign of mouse fever is a decrease in urine and the number of urinations.
The duration of this stage is a little over a week (8-11 days). The patient feels severe pain in the lumbar region, lower abdomen. Appears after a couple of days. severe vomiting. The body temperature drops, but this does not confirm the improvement in health.

Semiluric

Kidney problems cause depression, neurosis, stress, sleep disturbance. The course of the disease at this stage indicates the results of treatment. If therapy is started at the first stage, then the restoration of the kidneys will begin here and urination will normalize.

The duration will take a little time. The body will begin to recover in 5-10 days.
If at the first stages no attempts are made to treat, then the whole process of the course of the disease may have irreversible results, namely, renal failure occurs, in some cases death may occur.

Important! After the complete disappearance of the fever, it is not worth blowing fanfare, it is necessary to be under the supervision of a doctor for some time so that the threat does not resume. This is done by a nephrologist, it is he who will raise the question of your complete recovery.

Describing the stages of the course of the disease, we have identified the most basic signs of mouse fever, the occurrence of which should not be ignored.

The attending physician makes a diagnosis, while studying the causes of infection, external signs, test results.

Diagnostics is as follows:

1. The doctor conducts a survey of the patient on the duration of the onset of the first symptoms. He learns complaints, whether there was contact with animals, which ones, etc.
2. Schedules tests for: general analysis blood and urine to identify the inflammatory process; indicators of urea and creatinine in a biochemical blood test indicate impaired renal function; PCR test will help to recognize the presence of a virus and infection in the body.
3. Ultrasound of internal organs. If a mouse fever is initially recorded in the anamnesis, then only an ultrasound examination of the kidneys is prescribed.

Using these observations and studies, the doctor will accurately diagnose and prescribe treatment.

Treatment of mouse fever should take place strictly in a hospital, in the infectious diseases department under the constant supervision of medical personnel. The stay takes from 1 to 4 weeks. The main advantage of the hospital is strict bed rest, which is difficult to achieve with outpatient treatment.

Important! If there is a causative agent of mouse fever in the body, fragility of blood vessels occurs, which means that bleeding may occur. To avoid this and reduce the risk of blood loss, this approach to the chosen therapy is used.

Medicines

Inpatient treatment involves the use of the following medications:

• Ketarol, Analgin - painkillers;
• Amiksin, Lvomax, Ingavirin - antiviral drugs;
• Paracetamol, Nurofen - reduce body temperature and inflammation;
• sorbents - cleansing the intestines from toxic substances;
• maintenance therapy - vitamins, minerals, glucose;
• Prednisolone - removal of edema.

The aliguric stage of the disease may be accompanied by hemodialysis, the elimination of excess fluid in the kidneys. But this is with complications, as a radical measure to restore the functioning of the kidneys and urinary system.

With a mild form of fever, the patient is prescribed a strict diet that excludes a number of products: dairy, sweet, fatty, salty, coffee and drinks from it, vegetables, honey, legumes, flour, carbonated. All available meals in the diet should be enriched with vitamins B, C, K and contain as little fat and carbohydrates as possible.

Prevention

Preventive measures for mouse fever are available to everyone. The main task is the exclusion of contact with rodents, their excrement and saliva.

Therefore, activities can be:

1. Washing hands after visiting the toilet, working with soil in the garden, in the field. Do this every time you sit down to eat.
2. Protect food from the invasion of mice.
3. Drink filtered or boiled water.
4. Wash vegetables and fruits, even if you bought them in the supermarket.
5. Eliminate food gnawed by mice from the diet.
6. Do not pick up rodents caught by mousetraps.
7. Prevent mice from entering vegetable stores, cellars and basements.

First of all, men should observe this, since most women regularly monitor hygiene. If you find yourself with the whole family in nature, protect your food supplies from rodents as much as possible, provide yourself and your family with safe places to sleep and rest, and talk with young children about the dangers of mice and other rodents. Only by remaining vigilant, you can avert trouble from yourself.

Conclusion

Mouse fever is a very dangerous infectious disease that is very difficult to recognize.

For a rural area or a city, it can become an epidemic, therefore, even if you have had an unpleasant contact with small animals, consult a doctor, get tested and be sure of your 100% health.

Mouse fever is a dangerous viral disease, which is characterized by manifestations high temperature body, general intoxication body and effects on kidney tissue. Specialists use the definition of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, and the expression "mouse fever" is used among the population.

• Oriental , identified in Korea, China, Primorsky Territory of the Far East Russian Federation, the carrier of the infection is small field rodents. The virus can cause dangerous forms diseases with an unfavorable outcome in 20% of cases;
• West , occurs mainly in the Central part of Russia and a number of countries in Eastern and Western Europe. The existence of the virus, in endemic areas, is supported by representatives of the bank vole. The symptoms of the disease are manifested in a milder form, with mortality not exceeding 2% of the number of cases.

The virus does not harm the body of mice, just as there is no human infection from sick people.
The main source of existence of the natural focus of infection is the presence of a large population of rodents living in these areas.

The seasonality of the appearance of infection, with the onset of cold weather, is associated with the migration of rodents to places where people live. AT spring period, most of the sick did not comply with elementary safety measures when working in gardens and orchards in areas where infected rodents were located.

Ways of infection:

• The entry of the virus into Airways with dust particles of the remains of the vital activity of rodents;
• Eating foods with which rodents from a natural focus of infection could come into contact;
• Through minor injuries of the skin, during the spring cleaning of the territory where the rodents were.

The main place of introduction of the virus is the cells of the mucous membrane of the bronchi and intestines. In the future, the viruses reproduced by the cells penetrate the bloodstream and spread throughout the body, which is manifested by toxic effects in a sick person. Subsequently, they enter the cells of the walls of blood vessels, upsetting their functions, which causes hemorrhagic phenomena in the patient. The virus is excreted from the body with the help of the kidneys, so their tissues are exposed, troublesome urine formation. The outcome of the development of the disease depends on the degree of dysfunction of the tissues of the kidneys.

Signs of mouse fever.

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in most cases is found in men aged 16 to 50 years.
Symptoms of the disease appear in accordance with the period of development of the infection. In the clinical picture of the onset of symptoms, there are 5 stages:

Treatment of mouse fever in men.

Mouse fever is a disease caused by a virus that can have life-threatening consequences for humans. First signs viral infection similar to the symptoms of a cold, which makes it very difficult to diagnose and prescribe proper treatment.

Striving on your own, with the help of means traditional medicine, to cure this disease will lead in most cases to disability, and the lethal outcome of the development of the infection is not excluded.

Treatment hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome requires hospitalization in inpatient hospitals.

From the first day in medical institution it is necessary to observe bed rest: the virus causes changes in the walls of blood vessels, therefore severe bleeding may occur during internal organs. The duration of bed rest is determined by the attending physician. Depending on the patient's condition, this period can last from 2 to 6 weeks.

Complications caused by hemorrhagic fever.

This infection is detrimental not only to the influence of the virus, but also to other health disorders:

• Azotemic uremia. Occurs when the kidneys are severely damaged by the hemorrhagic fever virus. There is a poisoning of the body with its own metabolic products, as a result of a significant violation of the excretory activity of the kidneys. There is a feeling of nausea, repeated bouts of vomiting. The excretion of urine stops, the sick person does not respond to external stimuli and loses the ability to adequately perceive the environment;
• acute cardiovascular insufficiency. May develop against the background of toxic shock at the onset of the disease. Skin become cold, a bluish tint appears. The pulse reaches 160 beats per minute, the upper blood pressure indicators quickly drop to 80 millimeters of mercury;
• Hemorrhagic complications:
  Hemorrhages in the tissue of the kidney, which may occur during the movement of the patient, with severe painful sensations in the region of the kidneys.
  Violation of the integrity of the kidney capsule due to improper transportation of the patient and heavy bleeding in abdominal cavity.
• appearance bacterial infections in the form of pneumonia or pyelonephritis.

Disease prevention.

Vaccines against this virus have not been created, so it is necessary to take the required measures to prevent the disease:

Conclusion.

Hemorrhagic or murine fever is a disease caused by a specific virus that leads to a violation of the excretory function of the kidneys. Self-treatment at home can provoke serious consequences for the patient.

The mouse fever virus is constantly present in natural foci in the vast territories of the Russian Federation. Initial symptoms viral disease similar to the symptoms of the common cold. If you are in areas where you can get this infection, you need to be well aware of its symptoms and features to prevent severe development diseases.

risk group for similar disease are men, women get sick less often.

Here you can watch a video about the symptoms of mouse fever

Most often, hemorrhagic murine fever is infected after contact with certain varieties of small rodents (voles, rats, bats), hence the name of the disease. Main carrier this disease- red vole (Myodes glareolus).

Basically, rural residents aged 16 to 55 years old, more often men, are subject to mouse fever. Tourists are also often affected. In outbreaks of the disease, all signs of seasonality are clearly visible - the peak incidence falls annually from early May to mid-October.

Disease Facts:

• The causative agent of mouse fever - hantavirus(Hantavirus) from the family of bunya-virus microorganisms.
• The largest number of natural foci of the disease falls on linden forests.
• Volga and Ural regions of the Russian Federation - territories with nai large quantity reported cases of this disease.
• The incubation period for fever is one to seven weeks, with the most common being three weeks.

ROUTES OF VIRUS TRANSMISSION

In adults, mouse fever can manifest itself mainly when eating unwashed foods with particles of rodent secretions.

AT medical practice Three main routes of transmission of this disease have been identified.

Transmission routes:

• Air and dust. If the dust inhaled by humans contains a large number of excrement of rodents, infection occurs.
• Alimentary. Consumption of contaminated water and food.
• Contact. Infection occurs when the damaged areas of the skin come into contact with infected objects.

Transfer from infected person to healthy in practice has not been fixed.

CLASSIFICATION OF THE DISEASE

Mouse fever is characterized in the following way.

By stages:

• Feverish - initial stage characterized by pronounced symptoms, all signs of the disease appear in a period of one to four days.
• Oliguric - given period characterized by a progressive course of infection and a sharp deterioration in the patient's condition. This stage is the most dangerous for human life.
• Polyuric - at this stage, the disease recedes, the symptoms become less pronounced.
• Stage of convalescence- the period is characterized by a gradual recovery of the body.

The disease can occur in mild, moderate, and severe forms.

SYMPTOMS

A rapid rise in body temperature to around 40 degrees and severe attacks fever may be the main symptoms of mouse fever.

Other symptoms include severe headaches and permanent vomiting. Other signs may appear depending on the state of the patient's immune system, his gender and age.

Other symptoms:

• low blood pressure;
• manifestations of a skin rash;
• increased photosensitivity;
• hemorrhages in the eyes;
• nosebleeds that are difficult to stop.

At small child due to a poorly developed immune system, chills may be added to the above symptoms, severe pain in muscles and sharp deterioration vision.

Signs of mouse fever in men and women may also be unquenchable thirst, constant dryness in the mouth, as well as a pronounced pain syndrome in the lumbar region.

Symptoms of the oliguric stage:

• severe dehydration;
• acute renal failure;
• conjunctivitis;
• anuria;
• unnatural swelling of the facial region;
• minor bleeding under the skin;
• circulatory disorders in the brain;
• rave;
• toxic shock.

In men, the symptoms of mouse fever can manifest as sexual dysfunction and bleeding gums.

At the first sign of mouse fever, you need to find every opportunity to quickly contact a specialist, since illness can be fatal.

DIAGNOSTICS

Basically, the disease is diagnosed by its characteristic symptoms, but in some cases, to differentiate the disease from other similar ones, they use laboratory diagnostics: general and clinical analysis blood, biochemical analysis urine, serological test and PCR analysis.

In some cases, an infectious disease doctor may prescribe an analysis to detect viruses.

TREATMENT

In humans, the symptoms of the disease are treated in a hospital setting under the constant supervision of an infectious disease specialist. The patient must observe strict bed rest and adhere to special diet with lots of vitamins.

Medical treatment:

• isotonic solutions.
• Antihistamines.
• Antipyretics.
• Analgesics.

In severe cases, namely with pronounced renal failure, sometimes in the case of severe infectious-toxic shocks, the treatment process is transferred to the department intensive care. The patient is given an appointment a large number glucocorticoids, hemodialysis and blood transfusion.

COMPLICATIONS

It should be remembered that the symptoms of mouse fever in an adult are a reason for urgent treatment in medical institution. Delays in medical care lead to grave consequences which in 20% of cases end fatally.

Dangerous complications:

• pathology in the work of the kidneys;
• kidney ruptures;
• cardiovascular problems;
• severe pulmonary edema;
• bilateral pneumonia.

PREVENTIVE ACTIONS

In natural foci of infection, it is difficult to avoid due to high probability accidental infection while working in the fields, hunting and in hiking trips, but the symptoms and treatment of mouse fever are not difficult for a qualified medical specialist, especially for someone who periodically encounters manifestations of this disease.

To avoid manifestations of the disease, you should be especially careful to use foods that are stored in places that are easily accessible to rodents. Such products should be thoroughly washed before use, subjected to heat treatment.

Rural residents who constantly work in the fields are advised to use special protective clothing.

Prevention of mouse fever is often carried out by destroying the sources of infection - small rodents, as well as sanitary cleaning of residential buildings from grass thickets, tall shrubs and swamps.

PROGNOSIS FOR RECOVERY

The consequences after the disease, which was diagnosed and treated in time, do not pose a threat to human health and life.

The prognosis for recovery is favorable. Treatment in a hospital on average takes up to 4 weeks. After discharge from the hospital, the person returns to labor activity without Borders.

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