What are the tests for the kidneys? Diagnostic methods at home. Laboratory diagnostics of kidneys

Blood test for kidney function - uric acid concentration

Specialists analyze the results of the study, based on the amount of blood filtered into certain time in relation to a certain part of the blood plasma. It then calculates the volume of creatine being pumped in milliliters per minute. Uric acid is the end product of metabolism. Excessive presence of a substance may indicate kidney stone, urinary tract, or even kidney failure. Deficiency of this acid indicates Schwartz-Barter syndrome.

Blood test for kidney function - electrolytes

Everyone should check at least once a year for tests and electrolytes. The results of these baseline studies illustrate the basis of kidney function, which is the fluid and electrolyte balance in the body. At normal function kidney value of sodium and potassium is very important, so their correct values important to the health of the subject. Elevated sodium can have effects such as too little water in the kidneys. However, too low concentration this element may indicate water loss through the kidneys.

High levels of potassium in the body are typical symptoms kidney failure. Therefore, the main purpose of kidney function blood tests is to evaluate kidney function and help identify disease. In addition, blood tests can monitor the progression of kidney failure.

The kidney is an organ whose main purpose is to eliminate unnecessary protein metabolites, maintain the stability of the body fluid composition and, therefore, excrete excess water, electrolytes and hydrogen ions. Not surprisingly, damage to kidney function causes significant dysfunction in many organs. Kidney disease can be divided into primary and secondary. In primary kidney disease, the kidneys are the first "kidneys" and secondary damage to other organs, including the heart, blood vessels, bones, anemia, and many others.

In secondary kidney disease, the condition first appears outside the urinary tract and secondary kidney damage occurs. In developed countries, the most common cause of kidney damage is diabetes and hypertension. The social and medical costs of kidney disease in diabetes are so great that kidney damage in diabetes has been described as a global catastrophe.

kidney disease and cardiovascular diseases. Most people with hypertension, diabetes, ischemic disease hearts or even overweight suffer from kidney damage. It is worth adding that proper treatment diabetes, hypertension, overweight, smoking cessation are the most important elements prevention or delay of kidney disease.

There will be three simple test to make sure everything is okay, or to detect the disease early and prevent serious complications. You must look at your kidneys if you have high risk: you suffer from diabetes or hypertension, your family already suffers from kidney disease, or you are over a year old. The main tests that allow you to diagnose chronic illness kidneys, include measurement blood pressure and so called. Kidney and/or urine tests may indicate abnormalities in the functioning of these organs.

Only early diagnosis gives you a chance to slow down and even stop the disease. Creatinine is a compound that originates in the muscles and then enters the bloodstream. The kidneys filter the blood and remove creatinine. However, if the kidneys are not working properly, they can no longer filter, so excess creatinine remains in the blood. renal function also mentioned in blood. This compound is formed in liver proteins. Urea production also depends on your diet and can be elevated if you eat a lot of protein foods.

In addition, your doctor may examine the sodium and potassium levels in your blood. In case of renal insufficiency, the potassium level increases and the sodium concentration decreases. In addition, sodium contributes to the retention of water in the body, and if it is too much, it causes edema and hypertension.

General urine examination Painless, simple and inexpensive, and helps to detect many diseases, especially the liver, kidneys and urinary tract. Urine color, clarity, reaction, and specific gravity are assessed in this study. It also checks for the presence of protein, glucose and ketone compounds. Urine is also centrifuged. In this process, a precipitate is formed, in which white and red blood cells, rods, crystals and epithelial cells are searched. If urinalysis results suggest infection urinary tract may occur, then a urinalysis.

This lets you know if bacteria has grown in the urine and what kind of bacteria they are. The color of urine depends on the hydration of the body and the presence of various substances. Urine color can vary in intensity and tone different people. This should not be a symptom of a disease, as the color of the urine may change under the influence of diet or medication. Urine should be clear and clear. If this is not the case, it could be, for example, the presence of crystals or a bacterial infection.

Diet and medications can change the pH of urine, but it is usually slightly acidic. With urinary tract infections and after persistent vomiting, as well as in vegetarians, urine can become indifferent or even alkaline. A meat diet, alcohol, fever, prolonged hunger, dehydration, or untreated or poorly controlled diabetes contribute to acidosis.

The specific gravity of urine depends on the hydration of the body and the presence of various compounds in it. This indicator also refers to the ability of the kidneys to concentrate urine. Specific gravity is high when water is excreted excessively, such as with or after diarrhea, or when you drink too little. Low level heaviness of urine may be a sign of kidney failure.

Their presence is always a warning signal. The presence in the urine of proteins called albumin is the most early symptom kidney disease. It is also an important indicator of chronic renal failure. Sometimes protein in the urine can appear in case of fever or after exercise, sometimes also in pregnant women.

Glucose in the urine is found in people with diabetes who have very high blood sugar or some kind of kidney disease. Large quantities ketone compounds in the urine are most often attributed to ketone acidosis - dangerous state which can develop in poorly treated diabetics.

When the urine is centrifuged, the sediment is collected and examined under a microscope. At healthy people white blood cells and erythrocytes may appear. The presence of numerous red blood cells is most often associated with kidney disease. White blood cells appear in case of infection or kidney disease. Anomalies in biochemical composition blood allows a correct diagnosis. Hematological tests Along with biochemical research, the so-called. hematological examination or blood elements.

Our blood and urine tests diagnose diseases of the kidneys, liver, thyroid gland, pancreas, cancer, chondroma and many other diseases. "Morphology, small biochemistry, ionogram". But do we really know what is being said? Blood tests allow the doctor to assess the patient's condition, recognize the disease, monitor the effectiveness of treatment, and observe the effects of long-term illness and therapy. To help you understand the blood test, your pets have prepared a little guide.

If you want to know more about individual tests, ask your doctors. Morphology This is the most frequently performed blood test in animals and humans. This study gives us information about the state of hydration, existing anemia or infection, the ability of the blood to coagulate and the efficacy immune system. The test is required for animals with fever, vomiting, diarrhea, significant weakness, pale mucus, or lack of appetite. In the case of a planned operation, this test is necessary, in particular, the evaluation of blood clotting.

A morphological study consists of a dozen elements. Deficiency may indicate anemia, excess blood also sometimes unfavorable and may indicate lung disease. An increase or decrease in these values ​​is characteristic of infections or some other disorders of the immune system, such as leukemia.

With it, we can assess the degree of dehydration or anemia. Their connection shows the possibility of infection or inflammation in the body. This is especially important in case of surgery. High level of these blood cells may indicate a condition called regenerative anemia.

This section will show the most commonly used biochemical tests that evaluate the effectiveness individual bodies, levels of electrolytes, hormones and others. Particularly important are the so-called preventive panels in older animals, patients before surgery and in animals with vomiting, diarrhea or toxic poisoning. Long-term patients are used to monitor the effectiveness of treatment and possible effects treatment. It is currently recommended to conduct preventive blood tests in dogs and cats older than 6-7 years and always before surgery under general anesthesia.