If the stomach hurts, what should I do? Elevated acetone in the blood. Severe nausea, heartburn and diarrhea

There are a huge number of reasons why the stomach can hurt, ranging from banal overeating to serious pathologies of the digestive system. Surprisingly, even myocardial infarction sometimes causes pain in epigastric region.

In the stomach, or rather, in the abdominal cavity, the vital organs of a person are concentrated. It is not for nothing that the ancient Slavs attached the same meaning to the words "stomach" and "life". However, if earlier people hardly got their own food, spending a lot of time and effort on it, then in modern world a person does not bear such energy losses. However, the desire to eat tasty and dense remains unchanged. Therefore, it is not surprising that the stomach often hurts precisely because of overeating. Although you can never be 100% sure that the cause of the pain lies precisely in the excessive consumption of food. Sometimes the stomach gives signals about other, more serious problems in the body.

The pain is concentrated in the center of the abdomen in its upper part (“it hurts in the pit of the stomach”). The causes of such pain can be varied.

Sensations: the pain is sharp, radiating to the sternum, and rumbling is heard in the abdomen. Based on these signs, gastritis can be suspected. most common cause inflammation of the gastric mucosa are Helicobacter pylori bacteria. They irritate the walls of the stomach, and excess production of hydrochloric acid, which is released in response to irritation, leads to the development of inflammation.

Gastritis is of two types:

• Hyperacid, which develops against the background hyperacidity gastric juice.

  Hypoacid, which occurs against the background of low acidity of gastric juice. The cause of inflammation is impaired digestion of food and its decay in the stomach. In addition, such an environment is ideal for the reproduction of Helicobacter pylori.

These symptoms are characteristic of irritable bowel syndrome. The cause of this disorder is hidden in psychosomatic disorders.

In some cases, such symptoms characterize either gastroduodenitis.

With an increase in body temperature and the addition of vomiting, it is necessary to take enterosorbents and drink as much clean water as possible. Be sure to see a doctor for a diagnosis.

The pain is concentrated in the lower abdomen: in the center, right or left. Sensations: pain of a pulling nature. Similar symptoms most often indicate adnexitis, or irritable bowel syndrome. Other possible causes of pain: ectopic pregnancy, inflammation of the bladder, endometriosis. This condition requires examination by a gynecologist.

Often, when abdominal pain occurs, people take enzymatic preparations, often without even understanding how they work. Enzymes are essential for the normal digestion of food. They are produced by the body itself. Some of them are activated only when interacting with coenzymes (they come with food in the form of vitamins and trace elements).

Digestive enzymes are very unstable substances, they are destroyed at high temperatures. Therefore, with an increase in body temperature, most people lose their appetite. When a person eats a lot of acidic foods, this leads to an increase in the acidity of gastric juice and enzymes die. When overeating, enzymes are simply not enough to cope with large volumes of food.

Enzymes for stomach pain can help to cope with the digestion of food. Periodically, they can be taken, which makes it possible to alleviate the condition and prevent food from rotting in the stomach and intestines. For example, this is true when overeating or during an intestinal infection. However, when a person takes enzymes on an ongoing basis and cannot do without them, this indicates serious nutritional errors and a malfunction in the digestive system. For a solution to the problem, you must consult a doctor.

If the pain in the abdomen is very severe, then you should immediately call an ambulance team.

Until the doctors arrive at the place, the following recommendations should be followed:

Refuse any food. It would be a mistake to eat liquid porridge or drink milk, because it is not known what exactly provoked abdominal pain. It is possible that a person has an attack of acute pancreatitis or appendicitis, and under these conditions, eating is strictly prohibited.

Must be accepted horizontal position, make yourself as comfortable as possible. As a rule, the fetal position allows you to relieve pain. Movement should be limited as much as possible.

It is better to refuse to take antispasmodics and analgesics, as this will make it difficult to make a correct diagnosis. In addition, some drugs can make you feel worse by causing bleeding or other complications.

Do not apply a hot heating pad or other warm compresses to the abdomen. This will lead to increased inflammation if the abdominal pain is caused by infectious processes. Cold helps relieve discomfort.

If your stomach hurts, you need to take the following steps:

Eat small meals, but often. You can't overeat.

You should stop drinking any drinks containing gas so as not to increase bloating.

Irritate the stomach drugs containing acetylsalicylic acid, as well as anti-inflammatory drugs. You need to completely eliminate alcohol.

3 hours before a night's rest, you should refuse to eat.

Cigarette smoke promotes increased production of hydrochloric acid, which will lead to an increase in the intensity of pain.

You should stop wearing tight clothes.

To minimise negative symptoms you can take antacids. If you grind the tablets before taking, the effect will come faster.

Antacids. When overeating or eating spicy or fatty foods, you can take enzymes, drugs to normalize intestinal motility. Antacids are available from pharmacies without a prescription.

Useful information about these drugs:

Antacids may contain calcium. Some of them are food supplements to compensate for the deficiency of this trace element.

Antacids envelop the gastric wall and neutralize the irritating effect of hydrochloric acid on it. This can lead to the fact that other drugs will not be fully absorbed.

Antacids can cause loose stools or constipation.

If the person is at home, it is best to take an antacid in liquid form. It is more convenient to use tablets at work.

Antacids are designed to neutralize the destructive effect of hydrochloric acid on the walls of the stomach. These funds may contain calcium, magnesium, aluminum. Sometimes a combination of these components is present in the preparations.

In the form of effervescent tablets that must be dissolved in water, sodium bicarbonate is released. A person's blood pressure may rise after taking this drug.

Bismuth subsalicylate has an enveloping effect. This substance protects the walls of the stomach, but weakly neutralizes hydrochloric acid.

Drugs to reduce the production of hydrochloric acid. Medicines from this group cannot neutralize hydrochloric acid; they are designed to prevent its excessive production by blocking receptor cells. These are drugs such as Ranitidine, Famotidine, Cimetidine, Nizatidine.

Drugs that block the last step in the production of hydrochloric acid. Omeprazole belongs to this group of drugs.

Drugs aimed at reducing gas formation in the intestines. One of the most effective drugs that reduce gas formation is Simethicone.

Preparations for the normalization of gastrointestinal motility. To relieve spasms, you can use Drotaverine or Mebeverine. The drug Domperidone allows you to adjust the work of the intestinal muscles and facilitate the passage of food masses through the organ.

In order not to harm your own health, before taking this or that drug, you should get medical advice. You can not, at your own discretion, take drugs aimed at suppressing the production of hydrochloric acid. In some cases, abdominal pain can be caused by completely different reasons, and making a diagnosis solely on the basis of symptoms is quite problematic. Therefore, when abdominal pain does not cease to disturb for two weeks or more, you need to visit a specialist.

What can not be done with abdominal pain?

If a person has abdominal pain, the following steps should not be taken:

Warm up sore spot. It is better to apply cold to the stomach.

Take painkillers until the doctor examines the person, as this complicates the diagnosis.

Tolerate pain, especially if it is accompanied by an increase in body temperature, vomiting, impaired consciousness. Serious danger represents vomiting or diarrhea with blood. An ambulance must be called immediately.

In what cases should you immediately call an ambulance?

For abdominal pain, you should immediately call the doctors in the following situations:

The pain is intense, does not let you sleep, does not go away after 1-2 hours.

There is severe vomiting.

Body temperature is above 38.4 degrees.

The person loses consciousness.

Abdominal pain occurs in a pregnant woman.

The abdomen is tense, very hard to the touch.

There is blood in the stool or it looks black.

In the vomit there are pathological impurities (blood, foam, mucus, pus).

In addition to pain, a person suffers from prolonged vomiting and diarrhea, there are signs of dehydration.

Education: Diploma in the specialty "Medicine" received at the Russian State Medical University. N. I. Pirogova (2005). Postgraduate studies in the specialty "Gastroenterology" - educational and scientific medical center.

Many people, when experiencing abdominal pain and diarrhea, do not immediately assume worst options development of events. Moreover, most simply ignore the problem in the hope that the discomfort will pass without any effort. It is assumed that the intestines will be freed from excess, and the condition will return to normal. Unfortunately, this is not always possible. To restore the normal functioning of the body, it is necessary to thoroughly study the causes that caused the pathology.

Abdominal pain and diarrhea

Types of abdominal pain with diarrhea

to install correct diagnosis, the patient should describe in detail to the doctor pain that he is experiencing. This is a necessary condition, since the syndrome can be multiple, expressed by different sensations, localized in different areas of the peritoneum. The most common types of pain:

The main causes of diarrhea

Attention! Many causes of stomach discomfort are related to the foods that a person consumes. Therefore, the appearance of some symptoms may prompt a person that some of them should be excluded from the diet.

If we talk about the food consumed, often the causes of a sick stomach are allergies to certain types of edibles. Adults do not need to consume dairy products in large quantities, they are well absorbed and promote growth. child's body. At an older age, they negatively affect the intestinal microflora.

Excessive consumption of lactose by an adult, which is found in large quantities in milk, kefir, fermented baked milk, leads to a disruption in the normal balance of intestinal microflora, hence abdominal pain and diarrhea. In some cases, according to individual indications, a diet that excludes the use of lactose has to be followed for life.

What can cause diarrhea

Location of pain in diarrhea

The most noticeable pain syndrome in a particular area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe abdomen may indicate the presence of diseases:

Causes of pain depending on location

With the appearance of a sharp pain in the abdomen, accompanied by diarrhea, we can talk about a variety of pathologies. A presumptive diagnosis is made on the basis of additional symptoms:

1. Hyperthermia, mucous accumulations in the feces, feverish conditions indicate the presence in the body viral infection(salmonellosis, dysentery, typhoid fever).
2. A sharp increase in body temperature, unbearable pain in the navel, accompanied by diarrhea, suggests that a person has inflammation of the appendix or a hernia. Another probable cause is the exit of stones from the kidneys.

Video - Vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain

Abdominal pain and diarrhea in a child

Especially frightening for parents is soreness in the tummy and diarrhea in a child. It is much more difficult to diagnose a small patient than an adult. The kid cannot clearly articulate the nature of the pain, its localization, intensity. If such a nuisance happened to a child, it is not recommended to try to rid him of the ailment on his own. In this case best solution will be a visit to a doctor who will make the correct diagnosis using professional methods.

Considering in detail possible diseases, which may be present in a baby in an uncomfortable condition, the most characteristic ones can be distinguished.

1. Drinking plenty of fluids is recommended to avoid dehydration. You can also take medicines that stop intestinal upset, for example, Regidron.
2. To reduce the intoxication of the body, it is better to take absorbent drugs (activated charcoal, a weak solution of potassium permanganate).
3. Do not eat unwashed fruits, vegetables or foods that are poorly digested by the intestines.
4. Probiotics, drugs with lactobacilli normalize the intestinal mucosa, with diarrhea, you can take them.
5. Folk remedies such as tincture walnuts, black bread soaked in water, potato starch, oak bark decoction, also do a good job with diarrhea.

Nutrition in violation of the intestinal microflora

Given the occurrence of additional symptoms, you should immediately visit a doctor. If unpleasant persist or worsen, it is recommended to call an ambulance. Arriving doctors will temporarily alleviate the condition, offer to go to the clinic for a full examination, treatment appointment.

After the diarrhea stops, it is recommended to stick to the diet for a while. It is advisable to exclude the use of fatty, fried, smoked, sour-milk products, flour products, sweets. If a problem occurs, it is advisable to consult a doctor for advice. Likely to be assigned diagnostic study causes of disruption of the intestines, after which the main factor that provoked the pathology will be revealed, the optimal treatment will be offered.

What if the child has abdominal pain and vomiting with accompanying symptoms (fever and diarrhea)?

The symptom of abdominal pain and nausea in a child is an alarm signal for parents. If the baby loses his appetite, does not want to eat, worries for no reason and turns pale, his hands and feet become cold, measures should be taken immediately. Mom needs to know what is the cause of such unpleasant symptoms, why the child has abdominal pain and vomiting, diarrhea or constipation, what factors can provoke a dangerous problem.

What ailments cause abdominal pain and vomiting?

The resulting nausea, abdominal pain and diarrhea are often the result of intoxication of the child's body. Perhaps the cause is an infiltrated infection or a toxin. Besides, similar signs with constipation may indicate surgical pathology. Only a specialist can distinguish the cause of the disease, it is difficult to establish a provocateur on your own, and it is not necessary - it is better to entrust the health of the baby to the doctor. Consider different reasons dangerous signs.

Acute intestinal infection

Acute food poisoning or food intoxication, as an acute intestinal infection is otherwise called, occurs due to poisoning with contaminated, “dirty” foods. Manifests itself with pain in the abdomen, vomiting. With a prolonged gag reflex, pain intensifies, diarrhea or weak stools are added. You can recognize OKI in children by the following signs:

• frequent vomiting, for a short time alleviating the condition of the baby;
• reusable diarrhea that provokes abdominal pain;
• dehydration of the body, accompanied by fever and the onset of general weakness;
• dry or wet skin(depending on the severity of the disease).

Treatment of the disease consists of taking antibiotics that neutralize the infection and relieve the inflammatory process. Can be assigned antiviral agents, intestinal sorbents and antiseptics are mandatory. All drugs are prescribed only by a doctor who correctly assesses the condition of a small patient and takes into account individual characteristics his body.

Respiratory infection

A common ARVI, which has a viral nature, can also become a source of the problem. The acute onset of the disease is manifested in a runny nose and cough, however, against the background of a rise in temperature, children begin to complain of pain in the abdomen, nausea, headache and vomiting. The usual way to treat SARS is to take antipyretics and antiviral drugs. Supplement the treatment course with immunostimulating therapy. If symptoms of abdominal or intestinal (intestinal) syndromes occur, fractional intake of an increased amount of fluid and exclusion of heavy foods from the child's diet is recommended so that constipation does not occur.

Intestinal obstruction

Similar phenomena accompany such an unsafe disease as intestinal obstruction. The presence of the disease can be assumed by the following signs:

• constipation;
• swollen abdomen with pain;
• vomiting and nausea that do not bring relief;
• overexcitability and insomnia;
• the presence of blood and mucous secretions in the feces of the child;
• no rise in temperature.

Observing all the listed symptoms, you should not draw independent conclusions, it is better to immediately show the baby to the doctor. A detailed examination will allow you to accurately establish the diagnosis and conduct the correct treatment.

If you suspect a serious complication, you should immediately call a doctor

Acute appendicitis

Another ailment that can manifest itself in a similar form. A familiar sore, but how much trouble and complications it can cause. The clinical picture of acute appendicitis in children is as follows:

• severe pain in the lower abdomen;
• pain syndrome in the back;
• the child is sick, after vomiting he is relieved;
• mucous membranes of the oral region are dry;
• diarrhea;
• rise in temperature to 40 degrees.

Having found such signs, the localization of pain should be established: if the main pain focus is located in the iliac region on the right, do not give the child antispasmodics. It is especially difficult to determine the disease in children 2-4 years old, when it is difficult for them to explain where their lower abdomen hurts. Call an ambulance and hospitalize the baby, since the only treatment for appendicitis is surgery to remove it.

Acute cholecystitis

Inflammation of the gallbladder or cholecystitis is caused by an infection brought into the body by staphylococci, enterococci, or E. coli. The disease is different acute development, often manifests itself at night, when the child, feeling discomfort, wakes up and complains of pain in the right hypochondrium. The pain symptom may spread to the epigastric region. Children 2-3 years old feel severe diffuse pain, older patients complain of localized pain syndrome.

With cholecystitis, the child may wake up at night from pain

The clinical picture of pain indicates its spread to the region of the scapula, lower back, and right shoulder. In addition, an attack of cholecystitis causes vomiting and nausea, which become intense when eating. With such signs, the child is subject to hospitalization in the surgical department with constant medical supervision of his condition and the necessary therapeutic measures.

Acute gastritis

Gastritis announces itself with palpable pains in the abdomen, which are aggravated by eating sour foods and an empty stomach. The acute form of the disease occurs in children and shows itself with the following symptoms:

• the child is visibly worried;
• complains of general malaise;
• nausea, vomiting appears;
• heaviness in the stomach is felt, as if the child had overeaten;
• the skin turns pale, a yellow coating is noticeable on the tongue, there is a sharp pain in the abdomen.

The disease is diagnosed according to clinical signs, bed rest is determined for the child, they are transferred to a diet and fractional fluid intake. Medical treatment is to relieve spasms that are periodic. The further course of the disease is observed by a doctor and, if necessary, an effective treatment is prescribed. Prevention of gastritis is a balanced diet.

Gastritis is often diagnosed in modern children

stomach ulcer

Experts refer to gastric ulcer as a chronic disease that can develop rapidly, progress and lead to various complications. It manifests itself with the following symptoms:

• paroxysmal cutting pain appearing after eating;
• pain radiates to the back;
• the patient seeks to take a comfortable position so that the pain decreases;
• heartburn, manifested at night, and when the baby is hungry;
• vomiting and nausea are present painful spasms, after which the condition is relieved.

It is important for parents to know that it is not the ulcer itself that is dangerous, but the complications it can lead to. Experienced supervision is required.

Acetonemic syndrome

The syndrome means that the child's blood and urine are saturated with ketone bodies or acetone. Acetonemic syndrome occurs not by itself, but as a result of some disease, it can develop against the background of high temperature. The appearance of the syndrome is provoked by congenital diabetes or fermentopathy. It appears like this:

• the child is sick and vomits, after which there is a period of relief;
• diarrhea;
• cramping abdominal pain;
• anxiety and agitation are replaced by weakness and drowsiness.

Acetone can develop against the background of high body temperature

To diagnose the disease, it is enough to take a urine test at the clinic or conduct home testing using test strips. Therapeutic measures are aimed at normalizing the volume of blood circulating in the body by increasing drinking. Parents need to constantly monitor the temperature of the child and monitor his general condition.

Twelve Causes of Stomach Pain

Abdominal pain is one of the most common complaints. Often we do not pay attention to this, drink painkillers and forget about what can be a harbinger of serious illness. After all, not a single pain occurs just like that ... Today we will tell you what can cause various pains in the abdomen.

First of all, it is necessary to correctly determine what hurts. To do this, lie on your back and gently press your fingers on your stomach to find the place where you feel the most pain.

The pain can be aching, squeezing, bursting, dull, sharp and dagger. It can be aggravated by bending over, coughing, and accompanied by other symptoms. The most dangerous - dagger pain - very sharp, as if every time they stick a knife. This may be a manifestation of acute inflammation. With such pain, it is urgent to call a doctor. And before arrival, you can put a plastic bag with ice.

1. Acute appendicitis: first it hurts at the top of the abdomen and near the navel, then the pain covers the entire abdomen, and after a couple of hours it can be localized on the right lower abdomen. The pain is constant, aching in nature. When it fades, do not relax - it may be a rupture of the intestine.

What to do: call a doctor immediately

2. Acute pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas): severe pain in the upper abdomen, may radiate to the shoulders, shoulder blades or have a girdle character. Nausea and vomiting may occur, also accompanied by dryness and bad aftertaste in the mouth.

What to do: urgently call "emergency help".

3. Acute gastritis (inflammation of the stomach): pain in the epigastric region, a feeling of heaviness after eating, there may be nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite and belching.

What to do: Go see a gastroenterologist.

4. intestinal colic: sharp, cramping, severe pain around the navel. May be accompanied by weakness and chills.

What to do: Take a spasm pill and lie down. Do not abuse coffee, chocolate, spicy foods and do not overeat.

5. Inflammation of the kidneys: severe back pain accompanied by high fever.

What to do: call a doctor immediately.

6. Departure of a stone from the kidney: acute severe pain in the lower back, can give to the perineum and be accompanied by frequent urination.

What to do: take a pill for spasms, take a hot bath. If there is blood in the urine, call an ambulance.

7. Diseases of the stomach and duodenum: periodic pain, sometimes strong, then aching, usually in the navel and "under the spoon". May occur after eating and be accompanied by a feeling of fullness, heaviness in the upper abdomen, belching.

What to do: take a digestive aid and visit a gastroenterologist for an examination.

8. Peptic ulcer: pain occurs on an empty stomach, and subsides after eating. As a rule, they are accompanied by heartburn belching and a bitter taste in the mouth. Can feel nauseous, especially in the morning. There is an unpleasant smell from the mouth, the tongue is lined with a white coating. Tendency to constipation and gas in the abdomen.

What to do: if there is no vomiting, diarrhea, fever, a house call is not required. A consultation with a gastroenterologist is required. Prior to this, exclude fried and coarse plant foods, any spicy seasonings, fatty creams, cakes, canned food, smoked meats, sour berries and fruit, coffee, and chocolate.

9. Inflammation of the gallbladder and biliary tract(cholecystitis): pain in the upper abdomen, more in the right hypochondrium. Accompanied by irritability, belching, a feeling of dryness and bitterness in the mouth, nausea. There may be vomiting at times. Appetite is usually reduced. The pains recur periodically, can be severe and give to the right shoulder. There are diarrhea, or vice versa constipation.

What to do: take a choleretic agent, drink mineral water and be sure to consult a gastroenterologist.

10. Psychogenic pain in the abdomen: occurs with nervousness. As a rule, these are aching, twisting pains in the entire abdominal region. There may be nausea, loss of strength, or vice versa a feverish state.

What to do: take a sedative drug, exclude coffee.

11. Women's gynecological diseases: pulling, intermittent pain above the pubis in the middle, right or left. May be accompanied by discharge and worse when walking, after spicy food, hypothermia or severe stress.

What to do: go to the gynecologist.

12. Ovarian cyst or ectopic pregnancy: sharp and very severe pain on the right or left above the pubis, can be given to the anus. With a cyst, pain occurs after intercourse, and with an ectopic pregnancy, after 1-2 weeks from a delay in menstruation.

Stomach pain without diarrhea and vomiting

It happens that in children and adults there is nausea, which develops into severe vomiting. We will figure out why this can happen, and also determine how to provide the patient with the first necessary aid, at what point you should contact a medical professional.

Severe nausea and vomiting without fever in children or adults are the main causes

We list the various causes of nausea and vomiting in adults and indicate what other symptoms of painful conditions may still be present:

1. Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. In addition to nausea, the patient may have belching, heartburn, pulling pain in the abdominal cavity. But note that there is no elevated temperature. The cause of this condition may be gastritis, chronic pancreatitis, hernia, gastric ulcer, functional dyspepsia, reflux and other serious diseases.
2. Hepatitis. You may also experience yellowing of the skin, dark urine, and light color feces.
3. Blow, fall. There is also dizziness. The patient feels weak.
4. Brain diseases, such as cancer, tumor, hydrocephalus and others. From them, the patient has infrequent vomiting, headaches, and there is also an increase in pressure.
5. Diseases of the vascular system are also the cause. In addition to nausea and vomiting, dizziness may occur, pressure will increase or vice versa it will decrease. A person will quickly get tired and feel weak. Diseases that cause such symptoms: hypotension, anemia, hypertension, etc.
6. Diseases of the brain or malfunction of the nervous and mental systems. For example, such diseases are tumors, neuritis, inflammation of the nerves. A person may lose balance, his head may suddenly spin. In addition, he may begin to vomit.
7. The most dangerous condition is the condition after the rupture of cerebral vessels, or the appearance intracranial hematoma. The patient may suffer from nausea, a sharp headache, or even lose consciousness.
8. Motion sickness when moving in transport.
9. Meningitis. With it, not only vomiting can appear, but also symptoms such as headache, drowsiness, acute pain in the back and chest. A person can be "thrown" into a fever.
10. Migraine. The signs listed in the previous paragraph may appear, but visual impairment and intolerance to smells, noise and even light will also be added to them.
11. Anorexia, bulimia and other mental disorders.
12. Medications. For example, hormonal contraceptives, anti-tuberculosis or iron-containing drugs.
13. Work at an industrial enterprise - a person can be poisoned by heavy metals. Vomiting may occur, accompanied by abdominal pain.
14. Toxicosis.

The younger generation may develop nausea and vomiting with other symptoms, as well as adults. We list the main causes, symptoms of diseases:

1. In infants, this condition may be due to regurgitation, which occurs as a result of overfeeding. Rare regurgitation is not dangerous, after which the baby feels fine. But because of frequent regurgitation esophagitis may develop.
2. At infants not only vomiting can occur, but also poor appetite. The peanut will not be able to gain weight due to frequent attacks. And the reason for this is the narrowed passage of the stomach, in another way it is also called pyloric stenosis.
3. In babies from 1 to 4 years old, nausea and even vomiting can cause foreign body that the baby could swallow.
4. A young child may develop not only vomiting, but also bloody stools, irritability, and abdominal pain. The cause of these symptoms is intestinal volvulus.
5. A hernia can also cause not only nausea and vomiting, but also abdominal pain.
6. Appendicitis. With him, the kids also show the above signs.
7. Intestinal infection is also one of the reasons. The child has nagging pain in the tummy, diarrhea, and even the temperature rises.
8. Sore throat, coughing can also cause vomiting.

Note that cyclic vomiting can occur in people of all ages, even children. The reasons for its occurrence are unknown. Experts note along with vomiting, which manifests itself cyclically, and other symptoms: abdominal pain, weakness, dizziness, diarrhea, fever. Cyclic vomiting should be treated immediately. If it arose from scratch and you notice it for several years, then it can develop into a migraine.

We study the type and content of vomit - when to see a doctor?

Often, young children cannot communicate that they are in pain. Of course, they don't even know what nausea is. Parents can identify reasons disease state in the form of what "leaves" the body of babies. In addition, adults can also determine by the vomit what is happening to them.

This shade of vomiting means that the mass contains bile. She can "go out" due to food poisoning. As a rule, with poisoning or gastroenteritis, vomiting occurs several times a day. In the event that vomiting recurs for more than 2 days, you should go to the hospital. You may also experience fever, diarrhea, and abdominal pain.

This color of the mass confirms internal bleeding which may appear due to diseases digestive tract such as gastritis. In this condition, you should immediately call a medical officer.

These are clear signs that a large internal bleeding has occurred in the abdominal cavity. It also appears due to the fact that the vessels of the gastrointestinal tract burst due to any disease of the abdominal cavity. Seek medical attention in this condition immediately!

First aid for a child and an adult with severe vomiting without fever

As soon as you notice that the child begins to vomit or vomit, do not leave the baby for a minute!

There are first steps you can take to help ease your child's condition.

We list what to do when the baby is sick:

1. With food poisoning. First, reassure the child. He must have been afraid of vomiting. Second, stay hydrated. Every 15 minutes, offer the baby to drink boiled warm water in the amount of 1-2 teaspoons. As soon as vomiting stops, increase the dose. You can give a newborn 1 tablespoon of water. Children usually develop diarrhea when poisoned. Dilute "Smecta" in a glass of warm water and slowly give it to the child from a spoon.
2. In case of an intestinal infection, the stomach should also be washed. Important - call an ambulance medical care. Only a doctor can prescribe a drug that should kill germs.
3. In case of concussion, bruises, consult a doctor immediately! Washing is not necessary. In case of injuries, you should put the baby in bed, put it on its side and put a cold towel on its head.

If vomiting has begun in children older than 3 years, the cause should also be determined. Then - decide on the provision of first aid:

• In case of poisoning, babies also need to do a gastric lavage.
• Let's drink crumbs half a glass or a glass of warm boiled water.
• As soon as vomiting stops, you can dilute 1-2 tablets of activated charcoal in a glass, or a bag of Smecta, and force the child to drink it.
• With an intestinal infection, the child also needs to be washed and call a doctor.

For other diseases, washing will not help. The doctor must prescribe the necessary drug to the child.

Important: do not induce vomiting in children! This can damage the esophagus. Just make sure you don't get dehydrated. In the case when the child is unconscious, vomiting cannot be caused either!

First aid, as a rule, adults provide themselves.

To stop frequent vomiting, you need:

1. Drink as much non-carbonated water as possible. At a time, you should drink at least half a glass.
2. Induce yourself to vomit.
3. Avoid medications.
4. You can drink ginger (it is sold in capsules), ginger ale, or eat gingerbread cookies.
5. Drink juices - apple, cranberry.

Stomach ache, nausea and diarrhea: diseases and their treatment

Increasingly, patients complain of acute abdominal pain, which is accompanied by diarrhea and nausea. This problem is especially relevant in summer period It is at this time of the year that food poisoning most often occurs. In addition to poisoning, these signs can signal several more ailments. In our article, we will consider what to do if the stomach hurts, nausea and diarrhea.

Causes of the disease

• Diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain, weakness - these signs are quite common in both adults and children. The reasons for their occurrence can be completely different. After contacting a doctor, first of all, the specialist finds out what the patient ate the day before in order to exclude possible food poisoning.
• These symptoms can indicate both a single ailment, and several. For example, discomfort in the abdomen may occur due to the intake of too fatty foods. Loose stools join due to a possible intestinal infection, and nausea, in turn, can signal diseases of the lower respiratory tract.
• Vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal pain are not uncommon in weight loss people who regularly exhaust themselves with various diets. After fasting and eating too low-calorie food, these symptoms occur.
• If the patient regularly (more than a week) has severe stomach pain, nausea and diarrhea, most likely we are talking about a serious pathology in which it is necessary to begin treatment as soon as possible. These signs are especially dangerous for young children. If you are concerned about these symptoms for more than three days, be sure to contact a medical facility.

In addition to the main reasons, this phenomenon can be observed due to climate change or after prolonged stress.

Possible diseases

Stomach pain, weakness, nausea and diarrhea are the first signs of the following diseases:

• Basically, symptoms such as nausea, weakness, diarrhea and vomiting are the result of food poisoning. Often the main symptoms are accompanied by elevated temperature body. In case of food poisoning, rinse stomach easy manganese solution, as well as drink a sufficient amount of liquid. This manipulation is necessary in order to avoid possible dehydration.
• These signs are also characteristic of exacerbation of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. In addition to the main symptoms, the patient complains of heartburn and heaviness in the stomach.
• Nausea, indigestion, pain in the stomach area are symptoms of inflammation of the pancreas or cholecystitis. These symptoms disappear only when complex treatment underlying disease.
• If diarrhea occurs more than 7 times a day, nausea does not bring relief and is accompanied by vomiting, most likely it is an intestinal infection. If the patient is concerned about such symptoms, a trip to the doctor should be immediate.
• If, in addition to the main symptoms, streaks of blood are observed in the feces, the patient has an elevated body temperature and worries general weakness, most likely, we are talking about dysentery.

If these symptoms are caused by food poisoning

If the cause of discomfort was poisoning, you need to help the patient and proceed to full treatment:

1. First of all, you need to rinse the stomach to remove toxins from the body. For this purpose, ordinary boiled water at room temperature or a weak solution of manganese is suitable. The patient should drink at least a glass of liquid, and then artificially induce vomiting (using two fingers). The procedure must be carried out until the vomit becomes clear in color.
2. After gastric lavage, it is necessary to start taking medications, which in turn fight toxins. The intake of sorbents is necessary to remove toxins from the body that have managed to penetrate into the blood. The most common is activated carbon. It is taken according to the instructions, one tablet per 10 kg of the patient's weight. In addition to activated charcoal, there are more modern drugs, such as smecta, enterosgel, polysorb, filtrum. The dosage of each drug is individual, it is recommended to take it only after consulting a doctor.
3. Another important step in the treatment of food poisoning is plentiful drink. The main symptoms of the disease are vomiting and watery diarrhea These factors can lead to dehydration. It is for this reason that the patient should drink at least a glass of clean water after each bout of vomiting or defecation.
4. After the disappearance of symptoms, the patient needs to restore the intestinal microflora. For these purposes, experts recommend drinking a course of drugs that restore the microflora. These include: hilak forte, bifidumbacterin, linex. The dosage of the drug is prescribed by the attending physician, depending on the severity of the poisoning.
5. If we are talking about an intestinal infection, a course of treatment with antibacterial agents (tetracycline, ciprofloxacin) is necessary.

If these symptoms are caused by a gastrointestinal disease

If nausea, abdominal pain and diarrhea are caused by various diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, it is necessary to begin treatment of the underlying disease:

• To relieve pain in the stomach, antispasmodics such as nosh-pa or drotaverine are used.
• If pain is observed in the stomach, it is necessary to lower the acidity of gastric juice, for these purposes, experts recommend taking omeprazole or omez.
• If we are talking about chronic gastritis or stomach ulcers, it is necessary to take enveloping agents. These include maalox or almagel.
• Medicines such as cerucal or metoclopramide will help get rid of nausea.
• An important factor in the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract is diet. Too fatty, smoked and spicy foods should be excluded. Extremely cold or hot foods should also be avoided.

This information is not an instruction for self-treatment. Titles medications provided for informational purposes only. At the first of the above signs, be sure to consult a doctor.

If symptoms are caused by dysentery

This disease is detected after passing stool tests. If the doctor has discovered dysentery in a patient, it is very important to start treatment as soon as possible, this will help to avoid possible complications. The disease has different degrees of severity, so the treatment of dysentery is strictly individual. Treatment is carried out exclusively in stationary conditions because the disease is contagious. After the end of treatment, a re-examination of feces is prescribed. As a preventive measure, patients are advised to maintain personal hygiene and thoroughly wash vegetables and fruits before eating.

Folk remedies

To get rid of unpleasant symptoms at home, you can use folk remedies. These recipes will help the patient with abdominal discomfort and normalize loose stools:

Experts advise for serious diseases to apply this treatment in conjunction with the main one.

1. We take one pomegranate and peel the skins from the berries. Next, you need to place the pomegranate peel in a warm, dark place until completely dry. After the crust becomes brittle, grind it to a powder state. Place one teaspoon of pomegranate powder in a glass, pour boiling water over it and close the lid. As soon as the drink reaches room temperature, it is necessary to drink half a glass of pomegranate tincture at the first symptoms.
2. Peel the ginger root. Grind with a fine grater and place the resulting consistency in a glass container. Pour boiling water over ginger and close the lid. The drink must be allowed to brew for at least 3 hours, after which it should be consumed after each act of defecation or the urge to vomit 1/3 cup.
3. To prepare the following recipe, we need young blueberry leaves. 8-10 leaves must be poured with boiling water, it is advisable to use a thermos. The drink should be infused for at least a day, after which it is necessary to take half a glass before each meal. It is desirable to carry out treatment with blueberry tincture in a course that is at least 7 days.

Prevention measures

not to become the owner unpleasant diseases, such as dysentery or intestinal infection, as well as to avoid food poisoning, you must follow some preventive measures:

• Avoid public pools or saunas.
• Be sure to wash your hands after walking. warm water with antibacterial soap.
• Wash fruits and vegetables with hot water before eating.
• We eat meat and fish only after heat treatment.
• Check expiration dates before purchasing a product.

Pork, beef or lamb must be exposed to heat for at least 2 hours.

Take preventive measures to protect yourself and your loved ones. When the first symptoms appear serious illnesses see a doctor immediately.

Stomach ache, diarrhea and vomiting without fever: causes, treatment methods

When faced with a problem when the stomach hurts, diarrhea and vomiting are exhausting, you should know that abnormal processes in the body can take place without an increase in temperature. Increased stool frequency, liquefied consistency can be provoked by helminthiasis, stressful situations, excessive fatty foods, taking medications, etc. Eliminating the cause is the way to get rid of unpleasant symptoms. Folk remedies are effective in normalizing the condition.

How to assess how dangerous the symptoms are

In the event of dyspeptic disorders, which include frequent acts of defecation, liquid feces, vomiting, one must be able to correctly assess the possible threat to the life and health of the individual.

Not required emergency call to doctors if there is no temperature and at the same time pain in the abdominal cavity:

• are not acute;
• do not increase for several hours, but gradually subside;
• not accompanied by convulsions, vertigo, fainting, loss of consciousness;
• do not go in tandem with pressure surges.

You can also attempt to independently eliminate the resulting indigestion if a person vomits, but he did not use canned food, mushrooms, household chemicals did not penetrate the body.

You should not hesitate to call a doctor if prolonged diarrhea, abdominal cramps, vomiting without fever are observed in a pregnant woman.

Causes of ailments without fever in children

The child can vilify without fever and at the same time complain of nausea, pain in the lower abdomen:

• under stress;
• when overeating;
• with the introduction of new foods that supplement breast milk (milk formula);
• when eating unripe fruits - even in small quantities, - causing fermentation and, as a result, the appearance of liquid stools.

Psychological attitude affects the functioning of the digestive system. So, "out of the blue" vomiting and diarrhea in children can occur when they are forced to be away from their relatives or on the eve of the exam. It is characteristic that this usually happens in the morning. Also, the child may have bouts of nausea, frequent liquid evacuations without temperature after overexcitation, fright, and be a reaction to an unfamiliar environment.

Such reactions of the body do not need drug therapy. It is important to identify the causal relationship and remove it with calming actions.

If the chest is sick

If diarrhea appeared in the baby after feeding, then it is better to consult a pediatrician. Perhaps the problem will be removed by replacing complementary foods with another product more suitable for a fragile children's stomach.

In addition, liquid bowel movements in infants may be associated with teething. This condition is not dangerous for small organism, more often proceeds without temperature, passes independently.

Folk remedies will come to help children

1. Cherry tincture. Measure out half a glass of grapes - pre-rinse, dry - and pour into a saucepan. Pour 400 ml of boiling water over. Boil for 30 minutes in a water bath, leave for half an hour (do not open the lid). Strain and combine with the same amount of blueberry juice. Children give 1 spoon / hour. Toddlers who have not reached 3 years old, drink 1 spoon at 2 o'clock.
2. Pomegranate decoction. Grind dry crusts in a coffee grinder. Pour a spoonful of powder with 1 cup of boiling water and boil for 25 minutes in a water bath. Let stand for at least 40 minutes. Take 1 spoon four times a day. For 2 days, the remedy helps to cope with abdominal pain, normalize the stool.
3. Rice broth. Rinse a tablespoon of kupa with cold water, dip in 0.5 liters of boiling water. Boil (without salt!) for 45 minutes. Older children drink 50 ml every 2-3 hours, babies - 2-3 sips.

If there is diarrhea, nausea, and the child has a stomach ache, lemon balm will help. Measure out 4 tbsp. tablespoons of vegetable raw materials (preferably pharmacy ones), brewed with a cup of boiling water, incubated for 20 minutes steam bath. Filter, drink three times / day, 1 spoonful.

How to help your child overeat

If a child has a stomach ache and the reason is related to overeating, then you can treat it yourself using the following scheme:

• First, remove from the menu dishes that caused watery stools, meat, chicken eggs and dairy products.
• Secondly, to give large amounts of drink (water, tea, decoctions, jelly) and very little food. This will allow your stomach to rest and prevent dehydration.
• Thirdly, drink a medication - in this case, the enzyme preparation Mezim-forte (children from the year 1 tablet / 2-3 times a day) and a suitable sorbent, for example, activated charcoal. Mezim-forte will help improve the function of digestion, which is extremely important for the intestines overloaded with food. Coal absorbs substances that irritate the gastrointestinal mucosa.

Please note that if the temperature has risen, most likely, diarrhea and pain in the abdomen are associated with an intestinal infection. In simple situations, pediatricians recommend Regidron or Nifuroxazide in suspension or in tablet form. If after a day the feces remain liquid and the pain does not stop, you need to contact the doctors.

Causes of ailments without fever in adults

The liquid consistency and accelerated evacuation of feces is associated with an increased water content: when carried, the liquid in the feces is 90%. By the amount of feces, one can assume the etiology of diarrhea, which is often observed without fever:

• In case of failures in the reduction of the intestinal walls, the daily volume of bowel movements does not increase. They are allocated frequently, in small volumes.
• With problems associated with the absorption of substances by the intestinal wall, the amount of feces increases due to undigested nutrition.

If the temperature is normal, but the patient suffers from indigestion, weakness, vomiting, then the symptoms may be due to:

• indigestion caused by a hearty meal with a predominance of fatty foods;
• individual intolerance to any components;
• fairly mild poisoning;
• taking certain pharmaceuticals;
• stressful conditions;
• traveler's diarrhea, which is associated with a change in climate, diet.

Therapeutic nutrition for diarrhea

Some foods irritate the intestines. With diarrhea, they should be taboo before full recovery. These include raw vegetables, spices, plums, White cabbage, beets, radishes, cucumbers. Any soda, beer, kvass, cream, milk, smoked meats, conservation are not allowed.

What to do to stop diarrhea? In the first 2-3 days of feeling unwell, limit yourself to:

• wheat bread (crackers);
• mucous porridges;
• boiled vegetable puree;
• steamed meat and fish (mashed) lean varieties;
• boiled (bottled) water, tea, jelly, pears, apples.

Medical therapy

To combat dehydration, use ready solutions Hydrolith, Regidron. They should be drunk in small sips to prevent vomiting. It is possible to destroy pathogenic organisms with the help of Phthalazole, Nifuroxazide.

With pancreatitis, patients experience a deficiency of digestive enzymes. Mezim, Festal help facilitate the process of digestion. Prolonged vomiting will help stop the antiemetics Motilium, Cerucal, Smecta, Polyphepan.

Severe diarrhea with water: what to do, how to stop?

Severe diarrhea occurs intermittently in many patients. There are many reasons for this. This phenomenon causes discomfort to a person, reduces the quality of life, limits freedom of action and ability to work. But the main disadvantage is that such a condition is very painful and can lead to serious consequences and complications.

Causes of severe diarrhea

The reasons are very varied. The main one is considered infectious process that develops in the intestine. Usually it is food poisoning, or dysbacteriosis, in which Escherichia coli predominates. In most cases, the cause of infection is non-compliance with the rules of personal hygiene, non-compliance with the diet, non-compliance with sanitary and hygienic requirements in places of public catering, food enterprises and food trade facilities.

The main route of infection is fecal-oral, that is, through the mouth. The development of an infectious process can be facilitated by eating unwashed fruits and vegetables, undercooked meat and fish, and contaminated water. If a person does not wash their hands before eating, it is also possible to contract many infectious diseases.

Secondary infection is also possible, which occurs inside the intestine when chronic infection and dysbacteriosis. Most often this is facilitated by overeating, taking medications, such as antibiotics. After a course of antibiotic therapy, the balance of microflora is significantly disturbed. So, the normal microflora that supports the normal functioning of the intestine dies, its place is taken by the pathogenic flora, which leads to the development of a fungal infection. With frequent overeating and improper use of products, the normal balance of microorganisms can also be disturbed. With dysbacteriosis, constant irritation of the mucous membrane also occurs, as a result of which diarrhea may develop.

Many microorganisms are capable of producing large amounts of toxins that have a negative effect on intestinal cells. They promote destruction cell membranes, as a result of which the fluid from the cell comes out, an excessive amount of fluid accumulates in the intestinal cavity, the stool liquefies and is excreted in the form of severe diarrhea.

Chronic diarrhea also contributes to the development of severe diarrhea in the future. The fact is that in a person who suffered from diarrhea for about a week, the microflora completely changes. Representatives of the normal flora die, predominantly pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic ones develop. In the future, this leads to the emergence of new cases of diarrhea.

Severe diarrhea can develop when eating stale food, individual intolerance to certain foods.

Many medications can cause diarrhea as a side effect. This is especially true for antibiotics and antibacterial drugs, means that increase the acidity of gastric juice.

With food poisoning, diarrhea often develops, as the mucous membrane is damaged. In case of poisoning, diarrhea is usually quite long and exceeds 3-4 days. The most difficult for the digestive system are various chemical agents, such as dyes, flavors, flavors. Severe diarrhea can cause acids and alkalis that have entered the intestines. With individual intolerance and hypersensitivity some substances also cause diarrhea.

Risk factors

The risk group includes people who take potent substances for a long time, especially if they are antibiotics, other antibacterial substances.

Children always fall into the risk group, because they often neglect the rules of personal hygiene, eat unwashed foods. Older people are also at risk, as they often develop dysbacteriosis. Due to reduced immunity, they are more at risk of infection with a pathogenic microorganism. People who work with toxic substances, alkalis, acids are also at risk.

Pathogenesis

The pathogenesis is based on impaired intestinal motility, in which the movement of food through the canal is significantly accelerated, and the excretion of feces is accelerated. Also, pathogenesis can develop at the cellular level. In this case, cells are damaged, the integrity of the cell membrane is violated. This leads to the fact that the liquid comes out of the intestine, is excreted in the form of severe diarrhea.

Epidemiology

According to statistics, every person at least once in his life experienced severe diarrhea. Children suffer from diarrhea about 1.5 times more often than adults. The structure of factors contributing to the development of diarrhea is dominated by infectious factors- 76%, poisoning with chemical agents accounts for 12%. Chronic diarrhea is observed in 3% of cases, acute - in 88%.

Symptoms

Symptoms differ dramatically, depending on the type and form of the disease. But they have one thing in common - pain in the abdomen, cramps, loose stools. The frequency of emptying in this case is 5-6 or more times a day, while the urge to defecate can be observed several times within an hour.

Also develops itching and burning, irritation in the anus. If diarrhea continues for more than three days, there is weakness, fatigue, muscles weaken. There is drowsiness. With diarrhea that lasts more than a week, dehydration occurs. This is accompanied by dry mucous membranes, pale skin, rare urination. At the same time, the amount of urine decreases sharply. Appetite disappears, apathy develops.

In some cases, nausea and vomiting may develop. With diarrhea of ​​​​infectious etiology, fever, abdominal pain, headache and muscle weakness may develop.

The development of diarrhea is indicated primarily by loose stools. The frequency of visiting the toilet increases to 4-5 times a day. There is pain in the abdomen, spasm, rumbling and a constant feeling of "movement" in the intestines

Severe diarrhea in a child

The child quite often has severe diarrhea, because the immune system is not yet fully formed in children, the intestinal microflora is not established. Moreover, children often do not follow the rules of hygiene, and therefore pathogenic microorganisms enter the digestive tract, which can cause an infectious process.

In children, diarrhea is longer than in adults and requires mandatory treatment. To do this, you need to consult a doctor, since first you need to diagnose, determine the cause of the pathology, and only then prescribe treatment. Severe diarrhea, which lasts for several days, greatly dehydrates the body, disrupts normal metabolic processes in the body.

Severe diarrhea in the chest

In infants, severe diarrhea may occur due to the fact that the digestive system is not yet ready for independent existence, adaptation is taking place. It may also occur when using fatty foods, such as milk, with intolerance to certain foods. Diarrhea also occurs due to the fact that the microflora in the child has not yet been formed, but is only at the stage of formation, the immune system is represented by the protective mechanisms of the mother.

When the first signs of severe diarrhea appear in a newborn, you need to see a doctor as soon as possible and carry out treatment. Diarrhea can develop as a result of an infectious process, since, without its own defense system, the body is highly susceptible to pathogenic microflora. Diarrhea is dangerous for a child because dehydration occurs very quickly.

Severe diarrhea in an adult

In an adult, severe diarrhea can develop as a result of an infectious process, poisoning, a violation of the normal diet, the use of foods that do not combine with each other, as well as individual intolerance to many components. You need to see a doctor, diagnose, and only after that carry out treatment, since it is directly determined by the cause of the disease.

Severe diarrhea in pregnancy

In a pregnant woman, diarrhea can develop with intoxication, impaired intestinal motility. May be the result of an infectious process and dysbacteriosis. You can’t start the process, because it can only get worse, go to chronic form and cause complications. Diarrhea is dangerous because there is a metabolic disorder, dehydration. This negatively affects the condition of the fetus. You can not take any measures on your own, you must consult a doctor.

Forms

Diarrhea is infectious, toxic, atonic. Infectious diarrhea develops as a result of an infectious process, dysbacteriosis. This also includes food poisoning.

With toxic diarrhea, the intestinal walls are damaged by toxins, poisons, and potent chemicals.

With atonic diarrhea, a violation of the normal activity of the intestine occurs, its activity decreases. This leads to the fact that the excretion of feces from the body is disturbed, stool liquefaction occurs.

Severe diarrhea with water

Such diarrhea can be observed with a strong infection, as well as poisoning with toxins, poisons. The cause may be an infectious disease such as cholera. It can develop against the background of taking potent drugs. It is necessary to undergo an examination and determine the cause of this condition, only after that the doctor can prescribe the correct treatment.

Severe vomiting and diarrhea

Vomiting and diarrhea are the main signs of a foodborne infection. Often it develops against the background of reduced immunity, with non-compliance with the rules of hygiene. Sometimes observed with pancreatic dysfunction. Leads to very rapid dehydration. It is necessary to carry out rehydration therapy aimed at increasing the amount of fluid, preventing dehydration and recovery normal exchange substances.

Severe stomach pain and diarrhea

diarrhea and strong pain in the abdomen may indicate a toxic lesion of the digestive tract, an acute inflammatory process in the intestinal area.

Severe vomiting, diarrhea, fever

This may be a sign of a severe viral or bacterial infection in the gastrointestinal tract. Indicates the development of an infectious and inflammatory process. Requires urgent action, as it can lead to the spread of the infectious process and severe dehydration, intoxication.

High temperature can occur with the development of inflammation, with an infectious process, most often bacterial etiology. This condition is especially dangerous for children. It is necessary to diagnose and select the appropriate treatment as soon as possible.

Severe diarrhea without fever

Severe diarrhea without fever may indicate functional disorders of the digestive tract. In this case, there is a violation of the natural processes, intestinal motility. Wall irritation may occur. Requires treatment, as it can develop into a chronic form, cause complications. If the diarrhea lasts long enough, it can lead to dehydration and permanent impairment. metabolic processes in the body.

Severe diarrhea without vomiting

If there is no vomiting, then diarrhea may indicate chronic disorders intestines, about dysbacteriosis, about intolerance to certain components and food products. May occur as an adverse reaction to certain medications.

Severe diarrhea for a week

If diarrhea lasts a week or more, immediate hospitalization is needed. It is urgent to find out the cause, prescribe the appropriate treatment. This diarrhea leads to dehydration. Irreversible processes have already begun in the body. Therefore, urgent supportive therapy, rehydration therapy is required, which will restore the normal balance of fluid in the body, normalize the exchange of salts and minerals.

Severe nausea, heartburn and diarrhea

This may be a sign of an infectious process, poisoning with chemical agents. Quite often, such signs are observed in the early stages of pregnancy, when intoxication of the body occurs, its adaptation to new conditions of functioning.

Diarrhea may be accompanied severe heartburn, which indicates an inflammatory process not only in the intestines, but also in the stomach, as well as an inflammatory reaction and a violation of the normal microbiocenosis of the digestive tract.

Strong-smelling diarrhea

A strong fetid odor indicates an infectious process. Most often, this is a sign of a bacterial infection. It may also indicate the development of structural and functional disorders of the intestine, mucous membrane, the presence of intestinal tumors, both benign and malignant. May occur after prolonged constipation, which indicates stagnant and putrefactive processes in the body.

Severe pain rumbling, cutting in the abdomen with diarrhea

Severe pain with diarrhea occurs when the intestinal walls and mucous membranes are damaged. They can be damaged by infectious and chemical agents. This happens with intestinal spasm, the development of inflammatory and infectious processes, and with oncological diseases.

Rumbling indicates the processes of fermentation, putrefaction and stagnation in the body. Often this is the result of dysbacteriosis, or an infectious disease. Requires diagnosis and urgent treatment.

Diarrhea and stomach cramps may indicate various pathologies stomach, intestines, violation of intestinal microflora, inflammatory processes. It is necessary to undergo an examination. Gastroscopy is considered the most effective, which gives the most complete picture of the pathology and allows you to choose the treatment as soon as possible.

Severe diarrhea with blood

The presence of blood in the stool can indicate the presence of internal bleeding, malignant tumors and benign neoplasms. It can also be a sign of ulcers, erosions, mechanical damage to the intestinal walls.

Severe diarrhea after antibiotics

After antibiotics, diarrhea occurs quite often, since the normal ratio of microorganisms is disturbed. Representatives die normal microflora that support the normal condition of the digestive tract. Their place is being filled pathogenic microorganisms, mushrooms.

Severe diarrhea during menstruation

Severe diarrhea can develop before, after, or during your period. It occurs as a result of a sharp change in the hormonal background, as well as with dysbacteriosis. A change in the endocrine background can lead to a sharp change immune status human, as well as a violation of the normal ratio of microorganisms. Diarrhea may resolve on its own within a few days or hours, or may require special treatment. If diarrhea does not go away within 2-3 days, you need to take measures to eliminate it. Perhaps an infection has joined, or dysbacteriosis needs to be treated.

Severe diarrhea with poisoning

Poisoning almost always results in severe diarrhea, sometimes even vomiting. This is often seen as a natural defense response of the body to the action of toxins, the body is trying to ensure the removal of the toxin to the outside. In this case, intense irritation of the intestinal wall with toxins and toxic substances occurs, and the normal intestinal flora is disturbed.

Diarrhea and severe headache

This may be a sign of intoxication, dehydration, the development of complications. Often you need to eliminate diarrhea, the headache will disappear as a result.

Severe yellow diarrhea

This indicates the development of diarrhea of ​​​​bacterial etiology. A bacterial infection develops, intoxication with bacterial toxins and other waste products of bacteria. Often requires antibiotic therapy, as well as special antibacterial therapy, restoration of normal intestinal microflora.

Great weakness after diarrhea

After diarrhea, weakness may develop, indicating severe violation metabolic processes, intoxication, dehydration. Often, weakness can be the result of a violation of ion exchange, the exchange of trace elements.

Severe diarrhea without abdominal pain

Diarrhea can be without pain, this is quite natural reaction organism. At the same time, intoxication, an inflammatory process also develops, and the level of pathogenic microflora increases.

Severe green diarrhea

Green diarrhea can develop with bacterial diarrhea. In this case, the causative agent of the disease is most often streptococcus, or Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Requires diagnostics. A bacteriological culture is necessarily carried out, after which the sensitivity of the isolated culture to antibiotics is determined, the appropriate drug and its dosage are selected.

Constipation after severe diarrhea

After severe diarrhea, constipation may develop. It usually resolves on its own within 1-2 days and does not require any intervention. If constipation lasts more than 2-3 days, you should consult a doctor. Frequent changes of constipation and diarrhea, stool disorders, pain and spasms in the intestinal area may indicate serious disorders, including malignant tumors. Diagnostics required. The sooner it is carried out, the more effective the further treatment will be.

Severe diarrhea after alcohol

After drinking alcohol, diarrhea may develop. This may be due to the toxic effects of alcohol on the body. This is often observed when taking low-quality alcohol, as well as when it is consumed excessively. In addition, alcohol has a laxative effect on the body, increases intestinal motility.

Complications and consequences

Diarrhea is dangerous because it can lead to dehydration. This negatively affects the metabolism, leads to disruption of the normal functioning of the intestines, food is poorly processed, insufficiently absorbed by the body. Dehydration leads to disruption of normal ionic processes, microelement metabolism. It has a particularly negative impact on the health of the elderly and children. Newborns also quickly develop dehydration.

With an increase in inflammatory processes and dehydration, the temperature rises. This leads to a high degree of intoxication of the body, rapid protein denaturation. As dehydration increases, electrolyte disturbances increase. Gradually, the skin becomes dry, the mucous membranes also dry out and lose their protective functions, there is a strong thirst, rapid breathing, pulse, rare urination. This leads to disruption of the kidneys, weakness, dizziness.

Normal blood circulation in the body is disturbed, there is a violation of sodium-potassium metabolism. This leads to an intense loss of potassium and an excessive accumulation of sodium. As a result, it breaks normal function heart, heart failure can develop, which quite often ends in death.

Diagnosis of severe diarrhea

In order to diagnose diarrhea, you need to contact a gastroenterologist, proctologist, or infectious disease specialist. First you need to determine the cause of the development of diarrhea. Further treatment depends on this. During the examination, first of all, the water-electrolyte state of the body and the degree of dehydration are assessed. For this, a complete examination of the abdomen, intestines is carried out, digital examination rectum. Assess the independence of the sphincter, as well as overt and latent blood in the feces.

Conduct an extra-abdominal study, which makes it possible to identify the cause of the disease. In this case, labrocytosis is performed, in which damage and hyperemia of the skin are assessed. Assess the condition of the thyroid nodules. Auscultation detects heart murmurs, possible inflammatory processes, listens to sounds in the intestines.

Analyzes

Diarrhea testing may require standard clinical tests such as blood, urine, feces. Conduct a study of feces for dysbacteriosis, for occult blood, for the content of helminths. Bacteriological culture can be very informative, which makes it possible to identify the causative agent of the disease, determine its concentration and select the appropriate treatment. After conducting an antibiotic sensitivity study, the antibiotic that is most effective is determined, as well as its optimal dosage.

May be required biochemical analysis blood, detailed immunogram. With constant, chronic diarrhea, the acidity of gastric juice is determined, an analysis is made for celiac disease.

The osmotic interval of the stool is also determined, which shows the features of the exchange of potassium and sodium in the body, shows how disturbed electrolyte metabolic processes are. Also, if necessary, tests for the determination of lactase are carried out. To determine the malabsorption of carbohydrates, which can cause diarrhea, a hydrogen breath test is performed.

Instrumental diagnostics

Acute diarrhea often does not require special instrumental research sufficient physical examination and laboratory tests. Acute diarrhea is a form of stool pathology that lasts no more than 4 days.

In all other cases, an instrumental study is carried out. It is especially important to conduct instrumental studies in chronic pathology. The main research methods for diarrhea are gastroscopy, colonoscopy. Usually these studies are enough to determine the cause of the pathology and make a diagnosis. In case of insufficient data, an ultrasound of the abdominal cavity and small pelvis is performed, as well as an X-ray examination. In severe cases, an MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) may be done. If you suspect oncological process, take a piece of tissue for further histological examination.

Differential Diagnosis

At the core differential diagnosis there is a need to differentiate diarrhea from other pathologies and determine its cause. To differentiate bacterial diarrhea from viral, conduct a virological study, bacteriological culture. An immunogram may be required.

To differentiate bacterial and viral diarrhea from toxic, it is necessary to conduct a toxicological study. To establish other forms of diarrhea, for example, resulting from atony of the intestine, a high rate of movement of food masses, instrumental studies are carried out.

Treatment for severe diarrhea

Treatment in the first place should be etiological. First, eliminate the factor that provoked diarrhea. Then carried out symptomatic treatment. Apply antidiarrheals, which reduce the excretion of fluid with feces, and also inhibit secretion processes in small intestine. Also, if necessary, those substances that contribute to the development of diarrhea are removed from the intestines. If salts are excreted intensively, and a violation of salt metabolism has developed, infusion, rehydration therapy is used, aimed at increasing fluid in the body and normalizing metabolic processes.

It is important to control the content of potassium, if necessary, take potassium preparations. This element is lost when salts leave the body. Its deficiency contributes to disruption of the normal activity of the heart, can lead to the development of heart failure. In the presence of such a pathology, therapy is carried out to replace the lost fluid.

For treatment, sorbents are used - substances that contribute to the rapid removal of toxins, metabolic products from the body. They also bring out toxic substances, which can provoke loose stools.

What to do with severe diarrhea?

The first thing to do with diarrhea is to consult a doctor for advice, since in the treatment of diarrhea it is important to first eliminate the cause of the disease. Only this can guarantee successful treatment. With severe diarrhea, it is necessary to prevent dehydration of the body, since this condition is dangerous with a sharp loss of fluid, which leads to dehydration and disruption of metabolic processes. You can use various folk remedies, homeopathic preparations aimed at reducing the fluid content in the intestine, stabilizing cell membranes. It is also important to follow a proper diet.

Medications

With diarrhea, medicines should be taken with caution. It is important to take precautionary measures, which consist in consulting a doctor in a timely manner for advice. First you need to diagnose, and only then prescribe the appropriate treatment.

Diarrhea medications can have many side effects if taken incorrectly. They can only aggravate the pathology if the treatment is not correct. For example, dysbacteriosis may increase, which will lead to the development of chronic diarrhea. The exchange of salts and water balance may be disturbed, which leads to disruption of the activity of vital organs: kidneys, heart.

In acute diarrhea, it is recommended to take loperamide. Its main action is that it quickly stops peristalsis, thereby preventing the further movement of feces through the intestines. Leads to a rapid cessation of diarrhea within minutes. But the drug has serious consequences- it is quickly absorbed into the bloodstream, leading to severe intoxication.

Therefore, doctors recommend that when taking loperamide, parallel detoxification therapy is aimed at removing toxins from the body. It is recommended to take enterosgel. A tablespoon of the drug is dissolved in a glass of water. Take 2-3 times a day.

Also, as a detoxification agent, it is recommended to take activated charcoal: 5-6 tablets every 4-5 hours.

With severe diarrhea that lasts more than 2-3 days, as well as in the presence of vomiting, you need to drink means that promote recovery water-salt balance in the body. Most effective tool is rehydron. To prepare a solution, 1 package of the drug is dissolved in a liter of water. Drink 2-3 glasses per short time, then half a glass after each stool.

When pain and spasms appear, take no-shpu, 1 tablet 2-3 times a day.

Smekta with severe diarrhea

Is a powder white color, which is dissolved in water and drunk throughout the day. You need to drink 3-4 sachets per day. Eliminates not only diarrhea, but also bloating, pain, normalizes motility and peristalsis.

Enterosgel with severe diarrhea and vomiting

It is a tool that is used to detoxify the body. Promotes the removal of toxins, poisons from the body, normalizes the activity of the intestine, its contractile activity. It is recommended to dissolve a tablespoon of the drug in a glass of water, take 3-4 times a day.

vitamins

With diarrhea, it is recommended to take only vitamin C, as it contributes to the normalization immune system, increases the body's resistance, endurance. The body connects internal reserves to fight infection, inflammation. The remaining vitamins act as a nutrient medium and growth factors for bacteria, so their use should be postponed until complete recovery. Take 1000 mg per day.

Physiotherapy treatment

With diarrhea, physiotherapy is rarely performed. Basically, conservative, drug therapy is enough. AT rare cases electrophoresis and ultrasound can be used.

Electrophoresis is a procedure during which drugs are injected directly into the tissue in which they exert their effect. therapeutic effect. In this case, substances penetrate the skin and mucous membranes, bypassing the digestive tract. This makes it possible to significantly reduce the dosage and increase the locality of action, while eliminating systemic effects on the body. Helps relieve inflammation quickly. Eliminate the infectious process. The risk of side effects is minimized.

Ultrasound is able to penetrate deep into tissues, has a warming, anti-inflammatory effect in them, resolves seals, hematomas, scars. It can also eliminate bacterial infection, normalize microbiocenosis, helps restore microflora and damaged mucous membranes.

Alternative treatment

Many are known folk remedies which have long been used to treat diarrhea. They are recommended to be taken in combination with drug therapy because they complement each other perfectly, accelerating recovery.

With diarrhea, the patient is given apple puree for a day. You need to take 12 fresh apples, peel, grate. Every 2 hours during the day, give the patient 1 grated apple. At night, you also need to take puree. Nothing else to eat or drink. Do not take medications either. The diarrhea should pass within a day. If it didn’t pass, you need to see a doctor as soon as possible, conduct a comprehensive diagnosis, and determine the cause of the pathology.

A decoction of pomegranate peel helps with diarrhea. The peel of one pomegranate is poured into 500 ml of water, drunk during the day.

Also, the most reliable method is a solution of potassium permanganate. You need to prepare a slightly pink solution, drink half a glass. It has a powerful anti-inflammatory effect, kills pathogenic microflora. Therefore, the effect occurs immediately. Usually a single dose is enough, but for prevention, you can drink half a glass in the evening.

Herbal treatment

For the treatment of diarrhea, take a decoction of meadow geranium. There are two cooking options: cold decoction, hot decoction. To prepare a cold decoction, take 2 tablespoons of herbs and pour a glass of water. After that, insist 8 hours and drink during the day in small sips.

To prepare a hot decoction, you need a tablespoon of herbs. Pour a glass of boiling water, insist 1-2 hours. Drink throughout the day in small sips.

Angelica officinalis also quickly eliminates diarrhea. To prepare a decoction, take 1 tablespoon of medicinal raw materials, pour a glass of boiling water. Boil for 10 minutes in a water bath, drink a third of a glass three times a day.

Prepare a decoction of white willow. For cooking, 1 tablespoon of willow bark is required. Pour a glass of boiling water, bring to a boil and set aside. Insist for an hour. Drink 1-2 tablespoons every hour.

Cotoneaster fruits are also quite often taken in the form of a decoction. For cooking, take a nightingal spoon of raw materials, pour a glass of boiling water. Insist 30 minutes, drink a quarter cup four times a day.

Homeopathy

It must be understood that homeopathic remedies can have serious side effects when taken incorrectly. For example, they can only aggravate the situation by increasing diarrhea, or causing an overdose. Therefore, it is important to take precautions - to take homeopathy only after a complete diagnosis, when the cause of the pathology is precisely determined.

Charcoal worked well. If there is a choice, it is better to choose lime coal. Take 1 teaspoon of charcoal powder daily with water. Strengthens the walls of the intestine, relieves inflammation, eliminates the infectious process, normalizes intestinal motility.

If diarrhea is mixed with blood, take centipede powder. They can be purchased ready-made, or you can make your own. You need to collect a few centipedes, red-hot a baking sheet or frying pan, throw centipedes. Burn to ash. Ashes dissolve in 100 grams of vodka, drink twice a day.

Apply herbal collection from diarrhea. For cooking, you need to take 50 grams of bird cherry and blueberries, mix. Take from the mixture 2-3 tablespoons, pour boiling water. Insist for an hour, then take a third of a glass three times a day.

You can also prepare a decoction of fruits and herbs. For cooking, you need to take the fruits of black chokeberry, St. John's wort, raspberries or strawberries, mint in a ratio of 2: 1: 2: 1. Mix, take 2-3 tablespoons from the resulting mixture, pour 2-3 cups of boiling water, insist for a day. Drink a third of a glass every 2 hours.

Diet for severe diarrhea

Diarrhea requires a diet, otherwise it will be impossible to cure it. All dishes should be soft, sparing. You can only eat boiled or steamed food. Fried, fatty, smoked foods should be completely excluded. Spices, seasonings can not be added. For more information about the diet for diarrhea, read this article.

What to eat with severe diarrhea?

It is necessary to include black bread with bran, stale pastries, biscuit cookies in the diet. Only dietary meat and fish, boiled sausages are allowed. You can drink fermented baked milk, kefir, cottage cheese, yogurt. It is recommended to drink lemon juice dissolved in water, eat blueberries, viburnum, raspberries, cranberries. You can include an unlimited number of crackers, croutons, dried fruits.

Legumes and soy are completely excluded. Fresh bread, muffins, pies, sweets are prohibited. Also, you can't use fatty varieties meat: such as pork, beef. Smoked sausages, whole milk, cream, sour cream are excluded. You can not eat tomatoes, cabbage, plums, apricots. Also, you can not eat raisins, nuts, semolina.

Prevention

The main preventive measure is the observance of hygiene rules, as well as sanitary and hygienic requirements for the preparation of food. Before eating, you need to wash your hands thoroughly, while it is better to use laundry soap because it has the most powerful antibacterial action. You also need to be attentive to the preparation of cape, fish, eggs, boil well.

It should also be borne in mind that if there is no soap in a public place, it is better not to wash your hands at all, since rinsing with water will not destroy microorganisms, but will only create more favorable conditions for their reproduction.

If one of the family members is ill rotavirus infection, food poisoning, and he developed severe diarrhea, it is necessary to protect the rest of the family from contact with him. The patient should be given separate dishes, towel.

Forecast

If the diarrhea lasts 1-2 days, the prognosis may be good. The disease can go away on its own, without any measures. You may only need to follow a diet.

If diarrhea lasts more than 3 days, diagnosis and treatment should be carried out. If timely accepted necessary measures, the prognosis may be favorable. Otherwise, severe diarrhea is fraught with complications. The most dangerous is dehydration, which can even end in death.

Medical Expert Editor

Portnov Alexey Alexandrovich

Education: Kyiv National Medical University. A.A. Bogomolets, specialty - "Medicine"

Anna Mironova

Reading time: 6 minutes

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It happens that in children and adults there is nausea, which develops into severe vomiting. We will figure out why this can happen, and also determine how to provide the patient with the first necessary aid, at what point you should contact a medical professional.

Severe nausea and vomiting without fever in children or adults are the main causes

We list the various causes of nausea and vomiting in adults and indicate what other symptoms of painful conditions may still be present:

1. Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. In addition to nausea, the patient may have belching, heartburn, pulling pain in the abdominal cavity. But note that there is no elevated temperature. The cause of this condition may be gastritis, chronic pancreatitis, hernia, stomach ulcer, functional dyspepsia, reflux and other serious diseases.
2. Hepatitis. You may also see yellowing of the skin, darker urine, and lighter stools.
3. Hit, fall. There is also dizziness. The patient feels weak.
4. Brain diseases, such as cancer, tumor, hydrocephalus and others. From them, the patient has infrequent vomiting, headaches, and there is also an increase in pressure.
5. Diseases of the vascular system are also a cause. In addition to nausea and vomiting, dizziness may occur, pressure will increase or, conversely, it will decrease. A person will quickly get tired and feel weak. Diseases that cause such symptoms: hypotension, anemia, hypertension, etc.
6. Diseases of the brain or malfunction of the nervous and mental systems. For example, such diseases are tumors, neuritis, inflammation of the nerves. A person may lose balance, his head may suddenly spin. In addition, he may begin to vomit.
7. The most dangerous condition is the condition after the rupture of cerebral vessels, or the appearance of an intracranial hematoma. The patient may suffer from nausea, a sharp headache, or even lose consciousness.
8. Motion sickness when moving in transport.
9. Meningitis. With it, not only vomiting can appear, but also symptoms such as headache, drowsiness, acute pain in the back and chest. A person can be "thrown" into a fever.
10. Migraine. The signs listed in the previous paragraph may appear, but visual impairment and intolerance to smells, noise and even light will also be added to them.
11. Anorexia, bulimia and other mental disorders.
12. Medicines. For example, hormonal contraceptives, anti-tuberculosis or iron-containing drugs.
13. Work at an industrial enterprise - a person can be poisoned by heavy metals. Vomiting may occur, accompanied by abdominal pain.
14. Toxicosis.

The younger generation may develop nausea and vomiting with other symptoms, as well as adults. We list the main causes, symptoms of diseases:

1. In infants, this condition may be due to regurgitation, which occurs as a result of overfeeding. Rare regurgitation is not dangerous, after which the baby feels fine. But due to frequent regurgitation, esophagitis can develop.
2. In infants, not only vomiting can occur, but also poor appetite. The peanut will not be able to gain weight due to frequent attacks. And the reason for this is the narrowed passage of the stomach, in another way it is also called pyloric stenosis.
3. In babies from 1 to 4 years old, nausea and even vomiting can be caused by a foreign body that the baby could swallow.
4. A young child may develop not only vomiting, but also bloody stools, irritability, and abdominal pain. The cause of these symptoms is intestinal volvulus.
5. A hernia can also cause not only nausea and vomiting, but also abdominal pain.
6. Appendicitis. With him, the kids also show the above signs.
7. Intestinal infection is also one of the reasons. The child has a pulling pain in the tummy, diarrhea, and even the temperature rises.
8. Sore throat, coughing can also cause vomiting.

Note that cyclic vomiting can occur in people of all ages, even children. The reasons for its occurrence are unknown. Experts note along with vomiting, which manifests itself cyclically, and other symptoms: abdominal pain, weakness, dizziness, diarrhea, fever. Cyclic vomiting should be treated immediately. If it arose from scratch and you notice it for several years, then it can develop into a migraine.

We study the type and content of vomit - when to see a doctor?

Often, young children cannot communicate that they are in pain. Of course, they don't even know what nausea is. Parents can determine the causes of a painful condition by the appearance of what “leaves” the baby’s body. In addition, adults can also determine by the vomit what is happening to them.

• yellow green color

This shade of vomiting means that the mass contains bile. She can "go out" due to food poisoning. As a rule, with poisoning or gastroenteritis, vomiting occurs several times a day. In the event that vomiting recurs for more than 2 days, you should go to the hospital. You may also experience fever, diarrhea, and abdominal pain.

• Pink color

This color of the mass confirms internal bleeding, which may occur due to diseases of the digestive tract, such as gastritis. In this condition, you should immediately call a medical officer.

• Black or brown shade

These are clear signs that a large internal bleeding has occurred in the abdominal cavity. It also appears due to the fact that the vessels of the gastrointestinal tract burst due to any disease of the abdominal cavity. Seek medical attention in this condition immediately!

First aid for a child and an adult with severe vomiting without fever

As soon as you notice that the child begins to vomit or vomit, do not leave the baby for a minute!

There are first steps you can take to help ease your child's condition.

We list what to do when the baby is sick:

1. With food poisoning. First, reassure the child. He must have been afraid of vomiting. Second, stay hydrated. Every 15 minutes, offer the baby to drink boiled warm water in the amount of 1-2 teaspoons. As soon as vomiting stops, increase the dose. You can give a newborn 1 tablespoon of water. Children usually develop diarrhea when poisoned. Dilute "Smecta" in a glass of warm water and slowly give it to the child from a spoon.
2. In case of an intestinal infection, the stomach should also be washed. It is important to call an ambulance. Only a doctor can prescribe a drug that should kill germs.
3. In case of concussion, bruises, consult a doctor immediately! Washing is not necessary. In case of injuries, you should put the baby in bed, put it on its side and put a cold towel on its head.

If vomiting has begun in children older than 3 years, the cause should also be determined. Then - decide on the provision first aid:

• In case of poisoning, babies also need to do a gastric lavage.
• Let's drink crumbs half a glass or a glass of warm boiled water.
• As soon as vomiting stops, you can dilute 1-2 tablets of activated charcoal in a glass, or a bag of Smecta, and force the child to drink it.
• With an intestinal infection, the child also needs to be washed and call a doctor.

For other diseases, washing will not help. The doctor must prescribe the necessary drug to the child.

Important: Do not induce vomiting in children! This can damage the esophagus. Just make sure you don't get dehydrated. In the case when the child is unconscious, vomiting cannot be caused either!

First aid, as a rule, adults provide themselves.

To stop frequent vomiting, you need:

1. Drink as much non-carbonated water as possible. At a time, you should drink at least half a glass.
2. Induce yourself to vomit.
3. Avoid medications.
4. You can drink ginger (it is sold in capsules), ginger ale, or eat gingerbread cookies.
5. Drink juices - apple, cranberry.

Abdominal pain requires calling an ambulance in the following cases:

1. Severe pain that interferes with sleep and doing anything, lasts longer than 1-2 hours.
2. Severe abdominal pain accompanied by vomiting.
3. Severe pain is accompanied by elevated body temperature - 38.5 ° C or higher.
4. Severe pain is accompanied by loss of consciousness.
5. Severe abdominal pain in a pregnant woman.
6. The abdominal muscles are tense, and the stomach is hard, like a board.
7. Diarrhea (diarrhea) with an admixture of bright red blood.
8. Stool dark tarry.
9. Vomiting blood.
10. Abdominal pain is accompanied by vomiting, diarrhea and severe dehydration.

You should seek a scheduled consultation with your doctor if:

• the pain is so severe that you did not go to work, but are not ready to call an ambulance;
• pain comes and goes in a predictable way;
• the pain is somehow related to eating;
• pain occurs after eating certain foods or drinks;
• the pain is accompanied by flatulence, especially if the bloating is so pronounced that it is difficult to put on your usual clothes;
• the pain does not stop for more than three days.

Do not try to treat abdominal pain with enemas or laxatives unless you are sure of the cause.

Women, by the way, should decide whether to make an appointment with their doctor or a gynecologist.

Diagnosis will depend on where you go. The attending physician will make a diagnosis faster because they know your medical history and susceptibility to pain.

In a hospital or ward emergency care Each patient's temperature is taken rectal examination, and in women from 16 to 60 years - also a gynecological examination, in order to definitely exclude all possible causes of pain. (The emergency rule says: "Any woman is considered pregnant until proven otherwise.")

Another important aspect of abdominal pain is possible inflammation abdominal cavity. This condition is called peritonitis, and it is difficult to confuse it with anything. In this case, pain occurs with any movement of the peritoneum, for example, when coughing or bouncing a car on a bump when you are driving to the hospital. Be sure to tell your doctor if you have this kind of pain.

For diagnosis, the intensity of pain is very important, but all people have different pain sensitivity.

Therefore, we offer questions that you can be asked to make a more accurate diagnosis.

• Is the pain so severe that you can't go to work or school and get out of bed? Or can you do something despite the pain?
• Where exactly does it hurt? Can you accurately point the spot with your finger, or is the affected area larger, about the size of your palm? Is the pain stronger in one place and does it radiate or move to another area? Or does it only hurt in one place?
• Can you tell exactly when the pain started or did it develop gradually? What did you do when your stomach hurt? Try to remember what you ate. Were there any injuries, falls or accidents? Was there a lot of stress?
• You have recently had surgery, started taking a new medication, herbal remedy Or a nutritional supplement? Can you name anything else that you associate pain with?
• Has the pain somehow changed over time, or how did it start and stay the same? Maybe she was aching at first, and then became sharp?
• Does the pain start and not go away, or does it come and go? The fact is that sharp severe pain is rarely permanent.
• Have you had similar attacks before (whether or not you went to the doctor)? You may have forgotten: think carefully. For example, patients with gallstones may have attacks every few months and often do not realize that the episodes are related.
• Have you noticed what helps relieve or increase pain? For example, eating (or certain foods), stools (or lack of them), taking medications (or avoiding them), certain body positions (leg curls, stretching, fetal position), or certain activities (sex, climbing stairs, abdominal pressure). on the steering wheel while driving)?

Heartburn

A common reason for visiting a doctor is an acute burning sensation and pain behind the sternum and in the epigastric region. Its cause is the backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus. It is very important to distinguish it from heart pain in angina pectoris. Remember: heart pain is more often associated with physical activity, is not associated with food intake, can be combined with shortness of breath, interruptions in the work of the heart, and fear.

Heartburn medications can be used occasionally, but not every day, unless directed by a doctor. If you have regular, frequent or persistent symptoms, you should be examined. Contact your doctor if:

• heartburn, stomach discomfort, bloating or flatulence bother you more than 1-2 times a week;
• if the symptoms are clearly not related to a particular food;
• if you have been taking the medicine for two weeks and the symptoms persist.

Call the ambulance in the following cases:

1. You have severe chest pain. You don't have to chalk it up to heartburn.
2. If "usual" heartburn causes unusual sensations.
3. If heartburn occurs regularly or is accompanied by bloody vomiting or vomiting of dark brown masses that look like coffee grounds.
4. If heartburn is accompanied by severe pain in the abdomen or chest, shortness of breath.

Heartburn often accompanies a disease such as reflux esophagitis, an inflammation of the lining of the esophagus. Its symptoms:

• Burning sensation or pain in the chest.
• The burning sensation or pain is aggravated by lying down or after eating.
• Burning in the throat or sour taste in the mouth, especially after belching.

Discomfort is exacerbated when you lean back in your chair or lie down after eating.

What do we have to do:

• Eat small, frequent meals (but don't increase your total calorie intake).
• Do not drink carbonated drinks that increase the amount of gas in the stomach.
• Reduce your intake of alcohol, uncoated aspirin and anti-inflammatory pills: they irritate the stomach.
• Do not eat within 2-3 hours before bed.
• Do not smoke. Smoking increases the production of stomach acid.
• Control your body weight, do not wear clothes that are tight around the waist.
• Take antacid medicines to control symptoms. Chew the tablets completely before swallowing them. They will work faster if they are properly crushed.

Antacids, enzyme preparations, normalizers of gastrointestinal motility, help to cope with occasional symptoms of discomfort when you have eaten too much spicy or fatty foods.

Antacids are one of the best-selling over-the-counter drugs. You need to know what they are:

• May contain calcium and are even considered a calcium-containing dietary supplement.
• antacids, enveloping the stomach and acid neutralizers can block the absorption of other drugs.
• Some antacids cause constipation or diarrhea.

How to choose a drug and when is it better to take it: before or after a meal?

If you rarely experience heartburn or stomach discomfort, take

• liquid antacid if you are at home
• a chewable tablet if you're out and about because it's easier to carry around.

Antacids

Neutralize stomach acid: contain calcium, magnesium or (rarely) aluminum, and sometimes a combination of both.

Sodium bicarbonate is usually available as an effervescent tablet to dissolve in water and may cause an increase in blood pressure. Bismuth subsalicylate coats and protects the stomach and slightly neutralizes acid.

Medications that inhibit acid synthesis.

These drugs, instead of neutralizing stomach acid, suppress its production. One way is by blocking receptor cells, which, when stimulated, increase acid secretion.

Blockade of the last stage of acid production.

Receptor cell blocking drugs include cimetidine, famotidine, nizatidine, and ranitidine. The drug that blocks the last step in the acid production process is omeprazole.

Means that reduce gas formation.

Simethicone reduces the surface tension of air bubbles, believed to facilitate the elimination of air through the stomach and intestines. But the effectiveness of this drug is controversial among experts: too much time must pass for the remedy to reach the large intestine and begin to act. And it is important for the patient to relieve the pain as soon as possible.

Drugs that normalize the motility of the gastrointestinal tract.

Drotaverine and mebeverine are often used and have a good safety profile - they relieve spasms.

Other drugs in this group contribute to the harmonious work of the muscular component of the gastrointestinal tract, providing a consistent passage of food from the upper to the lower sections (domperidone).

It is better to choose the drug together with a gastroenterologist. He will explain the specifics of the action of the agent and the dosing regimen of several medicines. Armed with this knowledge, you will be able to adequately select OTC products.

Do not use acid-blocking products on your own. Sometimes a study with a gastroscopy is necessary to find out the causes of discomfort, so it is quite difficult to choose a drug on the basis of symptoms alone. If symptoms require medication for more than two weeks, consult your doctor.

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Discussion

same problem

I know good dietary supplement- Orlyx. I often have flatulence and abdominal pain, and so this drug helps me wonderfully. I advised my wife, she also says it helps a lot.

My stomach often hurts after that. how to move or eat vegetables and fruits. Only Buds Orliks ​​save me from this trouble. I take one or two tablets with meals and feel good. And I also like that this is not a medicine, but a regular supplement.

As for me, one more trimedat can be added to the list of remedies for the treatment of these pains. It costs a penny, but it effectively eliminates pain. It helped me personally, not on the first day, but it helped.

I have severe stomach pain and diarrhea, what should I do?

and I always endure to the last

Comment on the article "Stomach hurts: 14 reasons to call an ambulance. Doctor's recommendations"

Pain in the lower abdomen, heartburn, vomiting, diarrhea: the doctor advises. The abdominal muscles are tense, and the stomach is hard, like a board. Abdominal pain accompanied by diarrhea and/or vomiting. acute pain increasing to the point of unbearable.

Discussion

My situation was similar. It turned out salmanelosis in a mild form, no diarrhea, no vomiting, only the stomach was seething and hurting. I don't know where she got this infection
no one else was at home.
They took an analysis for microflora, it seems ... Only an analysis of 5 days to prepare.

I don’t like hospitals (but it seems to me that something is already needed here more seriously than at home. Can’t there be a pancreas? We had it, it hurts, it stops, it hurts, it stops.

About a week ago I had diarrhea for a few days. That's the whole picture like. Advise what to do, otherwise we will leave for the country today for the weekend, the pain in the navel is the pancreas. Descend or go to the gasteronterologist. We just, for no apparent reason, began to have a stomach ache, and on ...

Stomach hurts after rotovirus. Diseases. Children's medicine. The child has 1.5 rotovirus (and everyone in the family too), but only her stomach hurts so much. Diarrhea? Have you taken Enterofuril? Rotovirus always disrupts fermentation, so Creon is prescribed 1/2 3 times a day.

Discussion

I gave my Lisa half a tablet of noshpa, which is 40 mg 2-3 times a day, starting from a year on the advice of a doctor. with rotovirus, we were usually prescribed enterosgel, rigedron to drink, something proviral - arbidol, for example, and a diet - no fruits, milk, fat. We were allowed sour milk

And now she has acute course? Diarrhea? Have you taken Enterofuril? Rotovirus always disrupts fermentation, so Creon is prescribed 1/2 3 times a day. But all this must be agreed with the doctor. Well, I would do it. And it looks a lot like spasms.

Still periodically complains of pain in the abdomen - no diarrhea or vomiting. Is this some kind of virus? The doctor came, put ARVI ... but I already have direct doubts about my stomach: he says it hurts, for example, I give Anaferon with the words that it is from the tummy, he will eat a pill, and he says that he has passed.

Abdominal pain accompanied by diarrhea and/or vomiting. Now, very often, excess bile enters the stomach, because of this spasm and severe pain. Inflection of the bile. what to do during an attack? Vomited six times, of course, almost all the time with bile: - (By morning I fell asleep ...

These are either symptoms of an inflammatory process or symptoms of an infectious disease. In both cases, the pain itself is only a symptom, as is the chill. Therefore, in order to get rid of these manifestations, it is required to cure the disease that causes them.

What are the symptoms of abdominal pain and chills?

When, with abdominal pain, chills are accompanied by diarrhea, vomiting, severe nausea and fever, this most likely indicates severe food poisoning or an intestinal infection (especially severe cases both diseases are possible at the same time). Both develop quickly, the first symptoms appear 3-5 hours after ingestion of contaminated or toxic food.

With a combination of dull pain in the abdomen, aching in the lower back and chills, inflammation of the kidneys is suspected. It is also accompanied by great weakness and discoloration of the urine. Occurs within a few days after hypothermia or 1-2 weeks after a sore throat. If these symptoms occur, you should immediately consult a doctor.

Severe and piercing pains in combination with other symptoms (from temperature to bloody diarrhea), probably signal perforation of the ulcer. Also in women, they can signal ovarian apoplexy or ectopic pregnancy. In any case, it is necessary to call an ambulance immediately - because with these diseases, urgent medical intervention is necessary to save a life. Attempts to "pull time" in the hope that it "will resolve itself", with highly likely will lead to death.

If abdominal pain is combined with chills, fever and lack of stool, this indicates acute obstruction intestines. It is especially likely if the above symptoms are accompanied by severe bloating, and the pain increases gradually and steadily - but feels like a throbbing. With this combination of symptoms, urgent medical intervention.

If severe cutting pain in the right side is accompanied by chills, fever and vomiting, this may indicate both appendicitis and gallstones. Stones are more likely if the pain spreads upward from the abdomen, and appendicitis is more likely if it starts at the navel and moves to the right. Both of these diseases are very dangerous, so you should see a doctor as soon as possible.

Abdominal pain and chills as symptoms of pancreatitis

This is called inflammation of the pancreas. Pancreatitis is divided into 2 subspecies:

• spicy
• and chronic.

Precisely for acute form The disease is characterized by severe pain in the abdomen, fever and chills. Also, symptoms of pancreatitis are frequent vomiting, nausea, and impaired stool.

Most often, acute pancreatitis is the result of an allergic reaction that causes swelling of the pancreas. The causes of an allergic reaction can be very different and unpredictable, for example, on food products, or antibacterial agents (powders, detergents), or medicines.

The main syndromes of pancreatitis:

inflammatory

and pain syndromes,

intoxication syndrome,

at concomitant pathology- impaired motility of the biliary tract.

Relief of pain and chills in pancreatitis

Treatment of pancreatitis is based on the maximum unloading of the pancreas. Bed rest is combined with fasting for 1-3 days. Appoint

• infusion therapy(isotonic sodium chloride solution, glucose solution, vitamins),
• in severe form Glucocorticoids, antispasmodics(No-shpa, Papaverine),
• proteolytic enzyme inhibitors(Trasilol, Kontrykal),
• replacement therapy(Pancreatin, Mezim-forte),
• vitamins,
• choleretic agents,
• according to indications antihistamines,
• antibiotics,
• antispasmodics from stomach pain
• and antipyretics with fever and chills.