The temperature rises during the day. High fever in a child and an adult without symptoms. Why does the temperature jump in the baby

About ways to measure body temperature

It would seem that there is nothing complicated in measuring body temperature. If there is no thermometer at hand, then you can touch the forehead of the sick person with your lips, but mistakes often occur here, this method will not allow you to accurately determine the temperature.

Another more accurate technique is counting the pulse. An increase in temperature by 1 degree leads to an increase in heart rate of 10 beats per minute. Thus, you can roughly calculate how much the temperature has risen, knowing the indicator of your normal pulse. Fever is also indicated by an increase in the frequency respiratory movements. Normally, children take about 25 breaths per minute, and adults - up to 15 breaths.

Measurement of body temperature with a thermometer is carried out not only in the armpit, but also orally or rectally (holding the thermometer in oral cavity or in anus). For young children, a thermometer is sometimes placed in the inguinal fold. There are a number of rules that should be followed when measuring temperature so as not to get a false result.

• The skin at the measurement site must be dry.
• During the measurement, you can not make movements, it is advisable not to talk.
• When measuring the temperature in the armpit, the thermometer should be held for about 3 minutes (the norm is 36.2 - 37.0 degrees).
• If you use the oral method, then the thermometer should be held for 1.5 minutes (normal is 36.6 - 37.2 degrees).
• When measuring the temperature in the anus, it is enough to hold the thermometer for one minute (the norm with this technique is 36.8 - 37.6 degrees)

Norm and pathology: when is it time to “knock down” the temperature?

It is generally accepted that normal body temperature is 36.6 degrees, however, as you can see, this is rather relative. The temperature can reach 37.0 degrees and be considered normal, it usually rises to such levels in the evening or during the hot season, after motor activity. Therefore, if before going to bed on the thermometer you saw the number 37.0, then there is nothing to worry about yet. When the temperature exceeds this limit, it is already possible to speak of a fever. It is also characterized by a feeling of heat or chills, redness of the skin.

When should the temperature be brought down?

The doctors of our clinic recommend the use of antipyretics when the body temperature reaches 38.5 degrees in children and 39.0 degrees in adults. But even in these cases, one should not take large dose antipyretic, it is enough to lower the temperature by 1.0 - 1.5 degrees to effective fight with infection continued without threat to the body.

A dangerous sign of fever is blanching of the skin, their "marbling", while the skin remains cold to the touch. It's about spasm peripheral vessels. Typically, this phenomenon is more common in children, and is followed by convulsions. In such cases, it is urgent to call an ambulance.

infectious fever

For bacterial or viral infections The temperature rises almost all the time. How much it increases depends, firstly, on the amount of the pathogen, and secondly, on the state of the body of the person himself. For example, in the elderly, even an acute infection may be accompanied by a slight increase in temperature.

It is curious that with various infectious diseases, body temperature can behave differently: rise in the morning and subside in the evening, increase by a certain number of degrees and decrease after a few days. Depending on this, different types fevers - perverted, recurrent and others. For physicians, this is very valuable. diagnostic criterion, since the type of fever makes it possible to narrow down the range of suspected diseases. Therefore, in case of infection, temperature should be measured in the morning and evening, preferably during the day.

What infections raise the temperature?

Usually when acute infection there is a sharp temperature jump, while there are common signs intoxication: weakness, dizziness or nausea.

1. If fever is accompanied by cough, sore throat, or chest, shortness of breath, hoarseness of voice, then we are talking about a respiratory infection.
2. If the body temperature rises, and with it diarrhea begins, nausea or vomiting, abdominal pain occur, then there is practically no doubt that this is an intestinal infection.
3. A third option is also possible, when against the background of fever there is a sore throat, redness of the pharyngeal mucosa, cough and runny nose are sometimes noted, and there are also pains in the abdomen and diarrhea. In this case, one should suspect rotavirus infection or the so-called "intestinal flu". But with any symptoms, it is better to seek help from our doctors.
4. Sometimes a local infection on any part of the body can cause a fever. For example, fever is often accompanied by carbuncles, abscesses, or phlegmon. It also occurs with (, carbuncle of the kidney). Only in the case of acute fever is almost never the case, because the absorption capacity of the mucosa Bladder is minimal, and substances causing an increase temperature, they practically do not penetrate into the blood.

Sluggish chronic infectious processes in the body can also cause fever, especially during an exacerbation. However slight increase temperatures are often observed in regular time when no others obvious symptoms almost no illness.

When does the temperature rise again?

1. An unexplained increase in body temperature is noted with oncological diseases . This usually becomes one of the first symptoms along with weakness, apathy, loss of appetite, sudden weight loss and a depressed mood. In such cases fever holding on for a long time, but at the same time remains febrile, that is, does not exceed 38.5 degrees. As a rule, with tumors, the fever is undulating. Body temperature rises slowly, and when it reaches its peak, it also slowly decreases. Then comes the period when normal temperature, and then it begins to rise again.
2. At lymphogranulomatosis or Hodgkin's disease undulating fever is also common, although other types may be seen. Temperature rise in this case accompanied by chilliness, and when it decreases, there is a profuse sweat. excessive sweating usually seen at night. Along with this, Hodgkin's disease manifests itself as enlarged lymph nodes, sometimes itching is present.
3. Body temperature rises when acute leukemia . Often it is confused with a sore throat, because there is pain when swallowing, a feeling of palpitations, lymph nodes enlarge, often there is increased bleeding (hematomas appear on the skin). But even before the onset of these symptoms, patients report a sharp and unmotivated weakness. It is noteworthy that antibiotic therapy does not give positive results, that is, the temperature does not decrease.
4. Fever may also indicate endocrine diseases . For example, it almost always appears with thyrotoxicosis. At the same time, body temperature usually remains subfebrile, that is, it does not rise more than 37.5 degrees, however, during periods of exacerbations (crises), a significant excess of this limit can be observed. In addition to fever, thyrotoxicosis is disturbed by mood swings, tearfulness, irritability, insomnia, a sharp loss of body weight against the background of increased appetite, trembling of the tip of the tongue and fingers, and menstrual irregularities in women. With hyperfunction parathyroid glands the temperature can rise to 38 - 39 degrees. In the case of hyperparathyroidism, patients complain of intense thirst, frequent urination, nausea, drowsiness, pruritus.
5. Special attention fever that appears a few weeks after a respiratory illness (most often after a sore throat), as it may indicate the development rheumatic myocarditis. Usually the body temperature rises slightly - up to 37.0 - 37.5 degrees, but such a fever is very serious reason to contact our doctor. In addition, body temperature may rise with endocarditis or, but in this case, the main attention is not paid to chest pains, which cannot be relieved by available analgesics.
6. Curiously, the temperature often rises with stomach ulcer or duodenum , though it also does not exceed 37.5 degrees. The fever is aggravated if there is internal bleeding. Its symptoms are acute dagger pains, vomit " coffee grounds"or tarry feces, as well as a sudden and growing weakness.
7. Cerebral disorders (, traumatic brain injury or brain tumors) provoke an increase in temperature, irritating the center of its regulation in the brain. Fever in this case can be very different.
8. drug fever most often occurs in response to the use of antibiotics and some other drugs, while it is part of allergic reaction, therefore it is usually accompanied by itching of the skin and rashes.

What to do with high temperature?

Many, having discovered that they have an elevated temperature, immediately try to reduce it, using antipyretics available to everyone. However, their thoughtless use can harm even more than the fever itself, because fever is not a disease, but just a symptom, so suppressing it without establishing the cause is not always correct.

Especially it concerns infectious diseases when pathogens must die under conditions of elevated temperature. If you try to reduce the temperature at the same time, infectious agents will remain alive and unharmed in the body.

Therefore, do not rush to run for pills, but lower the temperature competently, when the need arises, our specialists will help you with this. If the fever bothers you for a long time, you should contact one of our doctors: as you can see, she can talk about many things. noncommunicable diseases, so without carrying out additional research not enough.

The temperature in the armpit is individual for each person. AT this moment to normal indicators refer values ​​36.6-37.2 gr.S. Some people have a temperature that does not exceed 35.5-36.0 throughout their lives. In what cases does a low temperature indicate a pathology, and in what cases should you not worry?

Types of temperature

There are such conditions associated with changes in body temperature:

1. Hyperthermia - excess of indicators above 37.2 gr.
2. Hypothermia - a decrease of less than 35.5-35.8 gr.S.

Depending on the degree of hypothermia, it can have the following manifestations: loss of consciousness (at a temperature of about 29°C), coma (27-28°C), fatal outcome(below 27gr.С). Regardless of the indicators, there are complaints of lethargy, weakness, decreased sensitivity in the extremities.

Body temperature changes throughout the day. It is the lowest in the morning, immediately after waking up, at this moment a value of 35.5 g.C can be considered quite normal. A temperature of 35gr.С and below almost always indicates some kind of serious illness.

Additional symptoms

In addition to a low temperature, the following signs may indicate the disease:

• memory loss, fast fatiguability, mood swings, constipation, lowering blood pressure, weight gain - with hypothyroidism.
• Anxiety, palpitations, insomnia, cravings for salty foods, thirst, impaired menstrual cycle, nausea, weight loss - with diseases of the adrenal glands.
• Violation of sensitivity, movements, speech, memory, unsteadiness when walking - with brain damage.
• Cold sweat, aggressiveness, palpitations, loss of consciousness - with hypoglycemia.
• Tendency to infectious diseases, swollen lymph nodes, weight loss - with HIV infection.
• Attacks of cold sweat in combination with a reduced temperature, which pass on their own - with Shapiro's syndrome.

Causes

Factors that lead to a decrease in body temperature can be divided into external (environmental conditions) and internal (pathology of internal organs).

Temperature drop can be healthy person in such cases:

• with hereditary predisposition;
• small body weight;
• in morning time and during sleep;
• in the elderly;
• in case of incorrect temperature measurement.

Diagnostics

Hypothermia can be a manifestation of many diseases, so the doctor studies additional symptoms in detail and finds out information about the duration and time of the complaints. Diagnosis begins with general clinical research methods:

• blood analysis;
• Analysis of urine;
• blood chemistry;
• sugar level;
• electrocardiogram.

Depending on the suspected disease, the following specific tests are used:

• determine the level of thyroid hormones, adrenal glands;
• conduct ultrasound of the thyroid gland, kidneys, adrenal glands;
• x-ray examination of the chest;
• HIV testing;
• CT, MRI of the brain.

Treatment

Volume medical measures directly depends on the underlying pathology that led to hypothermia. There are practically no drugs that increase body temperature without affecting important processes in the body. Besides, symptomatic treatment hypothermia is not effective.

In case of insufficiency of hormones of the adrenal glands and the thyroid gland, their dose is selected by the endocrinologist. Surgical treatment is subject to tumors and cysts of the brain, which lead to disruption of the thermoregulation center (hypothalamus).

Symptoms of hypoglycemia require the determination of blood sugar. Easily digestible carbohydrates - sugar, chocolate - are used to help. Shapiro's syndrome is treated with antiepileptic drugs. During the recovery period after infectious diseases, herbal preparations based on ginseng and echinacea can be taken. In most cases, the temperature returns to normal in 1-2 weeks.

In the event of shock (burn, post-hemorrhagic, toxic, cardiogenic), assistance is provided in the intensive care unit. Warm infusion solutions are administered intravenously, a heating pad is placed on the area of ​​the main vessels. Painkillers, plasma-substituting solutions, glucocorticoids are also used.

Regardless of the reason for the decrease in temperature, you can perform the following actions:

1. Drink warm tea or eat warm food.
2. Wear clothes that keep you warm.
3. Take a bath.
4. Raise the temperature in the room (close windows, turn on the heater).
5. At increased nervousness to accept sedatives(Valerian tincture, Corvalol).

As you can see, the consultation of a specialist requires not only an elevated temperature, but also its decrease. Ignoring such a symptom leads to the progression of the underlying disease. Seek medical attention in time and be healthy!

The weather changes all the time, we do not have time to choose the right wardrobe. As a result, we easily catch a cold.

Such diseases appear gradually: your throat hurts, it hurts to swallow, it drips from your nose, your temperature rises slightly, you feel a little chilly, says otolaryngologist Galina Kholmogorova. - Diseases usually appear after a person has caught a cold or communicated with someone who has already received an inflammatory disease. But you again think: it's okay, everything will pass soon.

This is where the trouble lies. Simply by sneezing, coughing and blowing your nose, a person immediately spreads tons of infection into the environment. This is dangerous, first of all, for the sick person himself - when the internal systems of the body are already working to the limit, we force them to work with new force at our main job.

Such workaholism and devotion to one's own enterprise leads to serious complications. Many people think: just think, a runny nose, well, I’ll drink an antibiotic! But any runny nose, especially in a child, can be complicated by diseases of the nose and ear. Complications can be purulent nature- for example, purulent otitis media. This, unfortunately, has sad consequences up to meningitis. Therefore, even with a cold, you should lie down at home for two or three days.

Now let's figure out how to act when the temperature rises.

1. Suddenly there are chills, aches, muscle pain, pain in the eyes, sneezing, runny nose.

It looks like a cold. If the temperature is not more than 37.5, then most likely you have a banal SARS, notes family doctor Egor Tkachuk. - If the temperature is higher, and all the symptoms are more pronounced, it may be the flu. And if the throat also hurts a lot, and the temperature has exceeded 39 degrees, we can talk about angina. In all cases, I advise you to take sick leave and decide on treatment with your doctor.

2. The temperature rises periodically and keeps at around 37.2-37.5 degrees (low-grade fever). There are no other obvious symptoms.

In this case, an examination is necessary, our expert advises. - Most likely, there is a hidden focus of infection in the body. An increase in temperature can signal sluggish inflammation in the genitourinary system, problems in the gallbladder and kidneys. Be sure to take a blood test. If subfebrile condition is combined with pulling pains in the joints, this may indicate the development of rheumatism.

3. The temperature suddenly jumps up to 39-40 degrees, severe headaches, as well as pain in the chest, which are aggravated by inhalation, nausea, a feverish blush on the face.

Call an ambulance immediately. This is how pneumonia starts. It usually captures a segment or one lung lobe, but it can also be bilateral. Do not self-medicate. In such a situation, an urgent competent treatment to prevent complications.

4. Fever (38-39 degrees) is combined with irritability, tearfulness, severe fatigue and a sense of fear. Despite the fact that the appetite increases, the person loses weight.

It is necessary to check the function of the thyroid gland and take an analysis for hormones. These symptoms are usually seen in hyperthyroidism. And the temperature jumps due to the fact that the thermoregulation system in the body is upset.

5. The temperature is about 37 degrees, accompanied by pressure drops, the appearance of red spots on the face, neck, chest, more common in women.

It's a variety vegetative dystonia which is called "constitutional hyperthermia". It is more often observed with nervous and physical overstrain. Auto-training and sedatives will help here.

Rate depends on location

The temperature in different parts of the human body is different, so the norm values ​​\u200b\u200bare changing:

under the arm - 34.7-37.3 degrees

in the mouth - 35.5-37.5

rectally - 36.6-38.0

in the ear - 35.6-38.0

on the forehead - 35.5-37.5

STAY IN TOUCH

What to measure?

mercury thermometer

A traditional, fairly accurate, but unsafe tool, because if it breaks, you won’t get by with a banal house cleaning, you will have to call a sanitation station. In many European countries, such thermometers are already banned, but we are still selling them.

Price: from 6 UAH.

Electronic thermometers

Now it is the most common and affordable type of thermometer. It can take temperature under the arm, in the ear and in the mouth, it is safe for rectal measurement. However, you should study the instructions in detail and follow all the rules, otherwise the result will be inaccurate. The measurement time depends on the modification of the thermometer. But usually 30-50 seconds.

Price: from 45 UAH.

Infrared thermometers

They allow you to quickly measure the temperature. Measurements are taken either in the ear or on the forehead in the region of the temporal vein. Measurement speed up to 30 seconds.

Price: from 200 UAH.

Liquid crystal thermometers.

These are actively used in hospitals in the US and Europe. And just recently they appeared with us. This is a thin strip with a layer of crystals, which is applied to the forehead, and depending on the temperature changes its color. Very comfortable for kids. The strip does not break or break (it is quite flexible), it is convenient to take it with you on a trip. Measurement speed - 15-40 seconds.

Price: from 15 UAH. for a strip.

SARS can be diagnosed in children from birth. Infection provoked by hundreds of viruses different nature which usually affect the upper respiratory tract. The danger of the disease lies primarily in the consequences, and parents should know: by what signs can one recognize the impending danger. When the temperature jumps with ARVI, it's time to think about whether the disease has passed to a more formidable stage.

Viral infections of the upper respiratory tract affect the body in different ways and cause a whole "bouquet" of unpleasant symptoms: runny nose, discharge from the eyes, cough, weakness and, of course, high fever.

According to the WHO (World Health Organization), more than 300 pathogens of acute respiratory infection. Due to the tenderness and fragility of the body, incompletely formed immunity during the season of flu and colds, in 90% of cases children get ARVI - an adult gets sick much less often, because with age the number of protective antibodies increases.

At the same time, if a child’s temperature jumps during ARVI, we can talk about residual effects disease, or the development of complications. When is it important to sound the alarm, and when is it better to wait? natural recovery organism?

Sometimes the temperature in children with ARVI jumps: it rises, then it drops

Doctors say that hyperthermia is nothing more than a protective reaction of the body to the attack of viruses. It is in this way that the immune system tries to suppress the disease, forcing pathogenic microorganisms burn down. At a high temperature, interferon begins to be produced - a specific protein that neutralizes the disease. As paradoxical as it sounds, the higher the temperature, the more protein is produced. The process reaches its peak two to three days after the onset of SARS, after which (subject to competent therapy) the temperature drops.

But often parents use antipyretics, slowing down the formation of protein and, on average, the temperature can last up to 5 days. That is why doctors recommend, if possible, not to interfere with the body's fight, but to use medicines only when the child's health deteriorates sharply or the thermometer approaches 40 degrees.

Remember! Feverish condition on the background general intoxication body can lead to serious consequences - fever can cause dehydration, adversely affect the functioning of the brain and cardiovascular system, "overload" the liver and kidneys. Do not wait for complications, but immediately call a doctor.

Dangerous Consequences

But five days have passed, and the child's temperature still jumps with ARVI. In such a situation, we can talk about the presence of a bacterial infection, or the beginning of the development of other viral diseases.

In what cases can temperature jumps be observed:

• Influenza infection has joined: with influenza, fever can last a week.
• Adenoiditis has begun. The thermometer stays at 39 degrees, in this case it lasts from 5 to 8 days.
• Parainfluenza develops (lesion of the mucous membrane of the nose and larynx) - it "holds" the heat from a week to two.
• The disease went down and a respiratory-sentential disease began (shortness of breath, barking cough in seizures). Here the heat can also last up to 14 days.
• Pneumonia set in - inflammation of the lungs.

Any of the above pathologies requires consultation with a doctor - parents will not be able to diagnose diseases, and even more so - to cure them at home.

Temperature fluctuations may indicate complications

When is it allowed to bring down the temperature

Temperature fluctuations in ARVI in some cases require the use of medications before the doctor arrives.

It is especially important to do this if:

• She jumps in a newborn baby who is not 2 months old.
• If the child is only 2 months old, and the temperature is 39 and above.
• When the child becomes lethargic, the skin turns pale, the mind is “confused”.
• If a child has convulsions against a background of fever.
• With any violation of cardiac activity: increased heart rate, tachycardia.

You can give your child an antipyretic, but first choose the drug with your doctor and agree on the desired dose.

It is important to understand: it is strictly forbidden to be zealous with medicines, because a low temperature can be no less dangerous. It is direct evidence of a complete decline in strength.

Other factors provocateurs

But why else do temperature jumps occur in a child? "Jumps" can be observed not only with ARVI, but also occur for other reasons.

To possible factors, provoking fluctuations, physicians include:

• Presence of a foreign body in the body: sometimes even a simple splinter can cause such a reaction, and as soon as it is removed, the temperature drops.
• If the temperature from high sharply "stepped" to low level The child is probably vitamin deficient.
• Allergic reaction. Allergies are not always accompanied by the usual sneezing, conjunctivitis or rash. If the causative agent is a medication, febrile manifestations are quite possible: fever or chills.
• Vaccination. Some children tolerate vaccinations easily, while others adapt to routine vaccinations difficult.

Do not forget: the same organisms do not exist, especially when it comes to children. Determining the etiology of the disorder should be done by doctors and sometimes only after complete examination child.

Check with a doctor: it is possible that the temperature is not caused by a cold, but by an allergy

How the examination is carried out

If the thermometer stubbornly fixes hyperthermia, although the child is cheerful, healthy and active, there are sharp drops, the doctor will definitely prescribe laboratory tests, which are likely to include:

• General blood analysis.
• Analysis of urine.
• Sputum examination.
• Allergen detection.

Sometimes it is required to conduct a study of feces and make sure that there is no intestinal infection in the body. An ultrasound may also be required. internal organs and EKG.

Prevention of temperature fluctuations

The first thing that is important for parents to do in order to avoid fluctuations in temperature during SARS is to limit visits to the child if possible. public places until full recovery. Do not take them to kindergartens, schools, shops and other crowded places unless absolutely necessary.

• For the first three days of illness, do not bring down the temperature, especially if it does not exceed 38 degrees. Let the viruses "burn out" on their own.
• Use rubdowns: soak a sponge in water and vinegar and rub it over the child's body, starting from head to toe. Water should be at room temperature.
• Do not overheat the child: clothing and bed sheets must be naturally breathable.
• Older children should gargle more often herbal tinctures from chamomile, sage, eucalyptus leaves. From pharmacy products, you can safely use furacilin.

All these measures are only an auxiliary part of therapy. Treatment of SARS should be prescribed only by a doctor. In some cases, he can connect antihistamines, which well relieve swelling of the mucous membranes, sometimes - mucolic, expectorants.

Also, in the early days, antiviral agents can be prescribed, for example, Anaferon or Amizon: but they must be used clearly according to the instructions. Antibiotics are prescribed in the most rare cases only in severe cases of illness. But the most important condition for recovery: bed rest, plentiful drink, cleanliness in the house and a favorable microclimate in the family.

Girls help during the day the body temperature jumps. After eating, exercise, stress, body temperature rises. This is psychogenic temperature. And although it's not a disease in pure form, because no organic changes occur, but still not the norm. After all, prolonged fever is stress for the body.

So a slightly elevated body temperature (up to 37.0-37.2 degrees), which usually accompanies autumn colds, causes such anxiety. Their body temperature usually rises slightly during ovulation and normalizes with the onset of menstruation.

An elevated temperature usually indicates an inflammatory process or infection. A slightly elevated temperature caused by the consequences of an infection is not accompanied by changes in the analyzes and passes on its own.

There is even a special term - psychogenic temperature. However, first let's try to figure out where the elevated temperature comes from with a seemingly complete absence of organic causes. If you are used to measuring the temperature in your mouth (where it is half a degree higher than under your arm), then know that the numbers will go off scale if you ate or drank hot or smoked an hour before.

Temperature measurement in the ear canal is considered the most reliable today. The temperature jumped, fluctuates throughout the day or the temperature is constant, but below or above the norm - how to deal with this?

The temperature can change in girls during the month: during ovulation, it rises slightly and returns to normal with the onset of menstruation. Sometimes it is found that the normal temperature is 37 ° C. This is usually characteristic of asthenic young people, graceful physique and vulnerable mental organization.

Temperature above normal indicates inflammatory process or about infection. But, if such a temperature is observed even after recovery, then perhaps this is a syndrome of post-viral asthenia, the so-called "temperature tail".

Another reason for the increase in temperature is experienced stress. If there were no stresses and infectious diseases in the recent past, and the temperature jumps, then you should definitely be examined.

If your temperature fluctuates

With more low rates temperature, you need to call an ambulance. Another more prosaic reason low temperature- condition severe hangover and it is caused by a disturbed vascular response.

This is subfebrile temperature, borderline between health and ill health. In a healthy person, such a temperature can be caused by visiting a bath, a hot bath, active sports, as well as eating hot spices and seasonings.

Temperature up to 38.5 ° C, if there are no serious chronic diseases, it is better not to bring down.

This temperature indicates a threat to life, so urgent medical care and the use of special medications are needed. If after complete medical examination no organic causes of elevated temperature have been identified, all tests are normal, perhaps this is a disorder of the thermoregulation system on physical level.

But 37.5 is clearly not in order. I also have this, 2 months ago I had pneumonia, I was discharged from the hospital with a temperature of 37.2, and so it keeps! And during the day I have either 36.7 then 36.8, 36.9 and 37. Elevated body temperature indicates a disease, the need to see a doctor, etc.

In fact, this indicator for the same person in different periods life is changing. But fluctuations can occur within one day. In the morning, immediately after waking up, the temperature is minimal, and by the evening it usually rises by half a degree.

This is the temperature that accompanies an acute inflammatory process. To measure body temperature today use mercury thermometer. Temperature fluctuations indicate an inflammatory process. During the day, the temperature can also change.

Jumps in body temperature during the day may be due to the physiological state of organs and systems, when the activation of their work is accompanied by an increase in temperature. During sleep, when the body is at rest, there is a decrease and temperature indicators therefore jumps in body temperature from 36 to 37 during the day in adults and children can be regarded as a variant of the norm.

Physiological states

In addition to sleep and wakefulness, fluctuations in body temperature during the day can be due to other processes, such as:

In all these cases, there may be a rise to subfebrile figures. No correction is required in this case, because due to this increase physiological state of the body.

An exception may be only those cases when hyperthermia is accompanied additional symptoms such as heart discomfort, headache, the appearance of a rash, shortness of breath, dyspeptic complaints. In these cases, it is necessary to consult with specialists, since hyperthermia can be a manifestation of an allergic reaction, and vegetative-vascular dystonia, and endocrine disorders, etc.

Causes of subfebrile condition in women

Physiological reasons also cause temperature fluctuations during pregnancy. In connection with the change hormonal background women during this period, due to increased production of progesterone, quite often there is an increase in body temperature to subfebrile numbers. This is usually observed in the first trimester, but quite often throughout the pregnancy. The danger, when the temperature jumps during pregnancy, can only be in the presence of additional complaints about the presence of catarrhal phenomena, dysuria, the appearance of abdominal pain, rash. In these cases, consultation with specialists is required to exclude diseases caused by pathogenic pathogens and prescribe the correct treatment.

A change in the hormonal background is also due to the presence of subfebrile condition in a woman after ovulation. Often it is accompanied by additional symptoms such as irritability, malaise, headache, increased appetite, and swelling. If with the onset of menstruation such complaints disappear, then in additional examinations there is no need, a woman can feel calm, turning to a gynecologist only when her condition worsens.

Jumps in body temperature and climacteric syndrome, also due to changes in hormone production. At the same time, patients complain of hot flashes to the head, sweating, irritability, increased blood pressure, interruptions in the heart area. The presence of such low-grade fever is not dangerous, but in combination with other complaints, in some cases it forces hormone replacement therapy.

Hyperthermia in children

In children with their imperfect thermoregulation, fluctuations in temperature during the day can be quite noticeable, and excessive wrapping of the child leads to hyperthermia as a result of overheating. In addition, the causes of a jump in body temperature in a child are often fright, prolonged crying, and excessive physical activity. The main guideline in the need to make some decisions in these cases is general state child. If there are no additional complaints, the child is active, with good appetite, parents can be calm and take the thermometry at another time or better during sleep.

With absence additional symptoms and the survey conducted, temperature jumps in a child under 5 years old can be considered a variant of the norm.

Thermoneurosis

In adolescents, the temperature can jump with thermoneurosis - a condition characterized by a rise in temperature to 37.5 after stress. Clarify this pathology possible, only by eliminating more serious reasons for the development of hyperthermia. AT doubtful cases an aspirin test is shown, which involves taking an antipyretic at an altitude of temperature, and monitoring its dynamics. With stable indicators 40 minutes after taking the drug, one can more confidently speak of the presence of thermoneurosis. Approaches to treatment in this case will consist in the appointment of sedatives, restorative procedures.

The most common causes when body temperature jumps in adults and children are:

• infectious and purulent processes;
• inflammatory diseases;
• tumors;
• trauma;
• allergy;
• autoimmune conditions;
• endocrine pathology;
• heart attacks;
• hypothalamic syndrome.

It is such infectious processes as tuberculosis or abscess that are most often the causes of the condition when the body temperature jumps from 36 to 38 degrees. This is due to the pathogenesis of the disease. With the development of tuberculosis, fluctuations between morning and evening temperatures can reach several degrees. In severe cases, the temperature curve becomes hectic. A similar picture is observed in purulent processes. The temperature rises to high numbers, and when the infiltrate is opened, it drops to normal values ​​for a short time.

Most other infectious and inflammatory processes occur with temperature fluctuations during the day. It is usually lower in the morning, rising in the evening.

Exacerbation of such chronic processes as pharyngitis, sinusitis, pyelonephritis, adnexitis often occurs with an increase in temperature in the evening.

Since hyperthermia in these cases is accompanied by the appearance of additional complaints, it is necessary to contact a specialist to conduct an examination and prescribe treatment for a specific disease. Antibiotic therapy, often prescribed for inflammatory diseases, will contribute to the normalization of temperature.

Hyperthermia caused by a tumor process, depending on the localization of the process, can proceed in different ways, giving jumps in body temperature, or remain at a constant subfebrile level for a long time. In order to clarify the diagnosis in this case, it is necessary comprehensive examination, including laboratory diagnostics, instrumental and hardware methods. An early diagnosis can lead to more effective treatment. The same approaches take place in hematology, where temperature fluctuations can be caused by various forms leukemia, anemia.

Common causes of jumps in body temperature is the pathology of the endocrine system. With thyrotoxicosis occurring with hyperthyroidism, the reason for contacting an endocrinologist should be the presence of additional symptoms, such as weight loss, irritability, tearfulness, the presence of tachycardia, interruptions in the work of the heart. The prescribed examination, in addition to general clinical tests, ECG, ultrasound of the organ, includes a study of the level of thyroid hormones, which allows for diagnosis and prescribing the correct treatment.

Principles of treatment

Approaches to the treatment of conditions accompanied by hyperthermia in children and adults are similar. They consist in the fact that in order to prescribe treatment, it is necessary to find out the cause of the development of this symptomatology. To do this, in the event of an elevated body temperature, it is necessary to conduct an examination of the patient. After confirming the diagnosis, treatment is prescribed directly for the specified pathology. Depending on the situation, this may be antibiotic therapy, antiviral drugs, anti-inflammatory, hormone therapy, antihistamines, promotional activities, etc.

As for the appointment of antipyretics, the approach to their appointment is as follows.

Because the rise in temperature is defense mechanism, allowing the body to fight pathogens faster and more efficiently, then the appointment of antipyretics is incorrect if the body temperature does not exceed the threshold of acceptable indicators.

Usually, the appointment of antipyretic drugs occurs when the temperature rises above 38.5 degrees. In children, this threshold may be lower. According to Dr. E.O. Komarovsky, if a child’s temperature jumps, then first you need to try to lower it in two ways:

1. Plentiful drink, contributing to an increase in sweating, and hence the possibility of heat transfer.
2. Providing cool air in the room. This will lead to the need to warm the inhaled air, while giving off heat.

Usually, the measures taken make it possible to lower the temperature by 0.5-1 degrees, which leads to an improvement in the patient's well-being in the case of colds or makes it possible to wait for the results of the examination, and receive the correct treatment for the detected pathology. These principles are relevant for treatment and the adult population.

Based on the foregoing, temperature jumps can be observed both in physiological states of the body and in pathological ones. In order to confirm that hyperthermia in this case is not dangerous, it is necessary to exclude pathological nature given symptom. To do this, in case of an increase in temperature for several days, it is necessary to consult a specialist and undergo an examination. If a pathogenic agent is detected, treatment should be prescribed based on the specified diagnosis.

Many parents have observed jumps in body temperature in their baby within one day. Moreover, it is not at all difficult to notice such changes in the body of a child. For example, a baby can be active and cheerful in the morning. But, after 2-3 hours, the baby is looking for where to lie down, he becomes lethargic, passive, his eyes begin to shine, and a suspicious blush appears on his cheeks. Why does the child have a fever?

The reason for this change is not always clear to parents, so they start to panic. But you shouldn't do it! We'll explain why later. And now let's take a closer look at the question of why a child's temperature jumps during the day for no apparent reason.

Temperature jumps - the opinion of pediatricians

First, let's find out what pediatricians say about this. In their opinion, the most compelling reason is the inflammatory process that occurs in the child's body in a latent form. Sometimes, jumps in body temperature are observed with acute respiratory viral infections, tonsillitis, inflammation of internal organs, etc. But when it comes to babies, then this is most often the most natural process, which we have been looking forward to since his birth - the eruption of the first tooth.

Although in fairness it should be noted that jumps in body temperature can be caused by the banal overheating of the baby. Therefore, do not wrap the baby in warm weather. Make sure the child is comfortable.
When it comes to preschoolers, the cause of such a pathological phenomenon can even be stress or long walks under the hot sun. Children's body loses a lot of fluid, respectively, the body reacts to it in its own way.

The main task of parents is to correctly recognize the symptoms, to be aware of the normal body temperature limits, and in no case to panic. Keeping calm and sober mind, as well as not getting sick after the child is the main task of parents. A unique herbal collection can help with this, which will put the nerves in order and increase immunity.

The psycho-emotional state of the child

Each person is an individual, with his own character, mannerisms and immunity to diseases. Therefore, everyone has the right to their individual body temperature. How to correctly recognize the norm temperature regime your baby? You only need to measure his body temperature during the day - before bedtime, during sleep, after waking up. However, you should keep in mind that body temperature will vary significantly if the baby is frightened, crying or too wrapped up in a blanket.

The baby's cheeks turned purple, the father measures the temperature, and there it is already 38.2. Naturally, he calls the doctor and asks qualified assistance for your child.
Fortunately, my mother managed to return home in time and take control of the situation. Her calm behavior, pleasant and gentle voice, tactful examination of the throat and leading questions in a joking manner calmed the baby. Convinced that her baby was healthy, she cheerfully explained to him that dad was joking, and the baby was perfectly healthy. She invited him to play on the carpet with his favorite toys. After 5 minutes, the temperature subsided, and by the time the doctor arrived, the child was playing calmly on the floor.

We conclude that, first of all, the psychological factor plays an important role. Never panic around a child - this way you will not only not provoke a rise in temperature, but also save his psycho-emotional state.

Remember that in different time The child's temperature varies throughout the day. If in the morning the indicator is 36.6, then by 16.00 there is a temperature peak - up to 37.2. The boundary state is 38 degrees, after which it is already necessary to take action.

There are also cases when, after bronchitis or inflammation, there are subfebrile jumps. It's quite harmless state which poses no danger. However, if such a condition occurs in the life of the baby, then as soon as the body temperature returns to normal, repeated tests should be taken.

Temperature fluctuations in newborns require increased caution. In infants, the temperature can rise in a matter of minutes. Therefore, waiting until it goes off scale is not recommended in this case. You need to take adequate measures, especially since many effective drugs which are great for taking the heat out.

What does the famous doctor pediatrician Komarovsky recommend? In his opinion, children perfectly tolerate temperatures up to 38.5, so he does not recommend knocking it down. He explains his statements by the fact that if we bring down the temperature artificially, then we weaken and defensive reaction a baby who has just entered the fight against the virus.

If parents observe that the temperature of the child is too high, or they observe its jumps, then the baby must be shown to the doctor, who will help determine the source of this behavior of the body and eliminate the cause.

Thermoneurosis

If the baby's body temperature often rises and falls, then parents should be concerned and tell the doctor about it at the next appointment. The pediatrician will definitely send the baby to take tests. If, after receiving the results, the doctor only shrugged, because your baby is completely healthy, and the situation is not getting better, then you should show the child to a neurologist. Most likely, the doctor will diagnose - thermoneurosis. What it is? The well-known pediatric neurologist- Igor Voronov.

With thermoneurosis, body temperature does not rise above 37.5. This is often preceded by the child's fatigue, unpleasant conflicts in the family, physical trauma. The doctor gives the example of his patient, a first grader who had a fever in the morning when he had to go to school. But, at the same time, on weekends it remained within the normal range. After a thorough examination of the child, making sure that he was not simulating in any way, the doctor diagnosed him with thermoneurosis. It is the body's response to stressful situations. In the same way, some people may experience an increased heart rate, rising arterial pressure or have a headache. This is how the body reacts to stress.

How to determine that a child has thermoneurosis. Dr. Voronov recommends measuring body temperature several times a day and at night. As a rule, in children with thermoneurosis, body temperature at night will be within the normal range. Whereas during the day physical activity rise to 37.5.

At the same time, the doctor admits that sometimes he diagnoses thermoneurosis with caution for the reason that the next time the temperature rises, the parents may decide that high rate for their baby is the norm and miss the first symptoms of development acute illness. Therefore, if you observe temperature fluctuations in your child, be sure to control the situation, while remaining completely calm. Watch your baby carefully so as not to miss the first signs of illness.

Slightly elevated temperature, which does not decrease in any way, but jumps from time to time - how to relate to it? How to treat and is it necessary to do it at all? And is it worth canceling weekend walks, skiing, skating, and other winter joys every time?

We all know that normal body temperature is 36.6°C. In fact, this indicator varies in the same person at different periods of life.

For example, a thermometer gives different numbers during the month, even when full health. This is typical mainly for girls. Their body temperature usually rises slightly during ovulation and normalizes with the onset of menstruation.

But fluctuations can occur within one day. In the morning, immediately after waking up, the temperature is minimal, and by the evening it usually rises by half a degree. Stress, food, physical activity, taking a bath or drinking hot (and strong) drinks, being at the beach, too warm clothes, an emotional outburst, and much more can cause a slight temperature jump.

And then there are people for whom the normal value of the mark on the thermometer is not 36.6, but 37 ° C or even a little higher. As a rule, this refers to asthenic boys and girls, who, in addition to their graceful physique, also have a vulnerable mental organization. Subfebrile condition is not uncommon, especially in children: according to statistics, almost every fourth child from 10 to 15 years old is different from this. Usually such children are somewhat closed and slow, apathetic or, conversely, anxious and irritable.

But even in adults, this phenomenon is not unique. However, to blame everything on individual characteristics the body is not worth it. Therefore, if the usual body temperature has always been normal and suddenly measurements taken with the same thermometer for a long time and at different times of the day began to show higher numbers than always, there is cause for concern.

Where does the "tail" legs grow from?

An elevated temperature usually indicates an inflammatory process or infection. But sometimes the thermometer readings remain above the norm even after recovery. And this can go on for several months. This is how the syndrome of post-viral asthenia is often expressed. Doctors in this case use the term "temperature tail". Caused by the aftermath past infection slightly elevated temperature is not accompanied by changes in the analyzes and passes on its own.

However, here lies the danger of confusing asthenia with incomplete recovery, when an increase in temperature indicates that the disease, which had subsided for a while, began to develop again. Therefore, just in case, it is better to take a blood test and find out if the white blood cells are normal. If everything is in order, you can calm down, the temperature will jump, jump and eventually “come to your senses”.

Other common cause subfebrile condition - experienced stress. There is even a special term - psychogenic temperature. It is more often accompanied by symptoms such as feeling unwell, shortness of breath and dizziness.
Well, if in the foreseeable past you have not endured any stress or infectious diseases, and the thermometer is still creeping up, then it is better to be examined. After all, prolonged subfebrile condition may indicate the presence dangerous diseases. So it is necessary to understand where the "temperature tail" legs grow from.

Exclusion method

The first step is to exclude all suspicions of inflammatory, infectious and other serious illness(tuberculosis, thyrotoxicosis, Iron-deficiency anemia, chronic infectious or autoimmune diseases). First you need to contact a therapist who will make individual plan examinations. As a rule, in the presence of an organic cause of subfebrile condition, there are others characteristic symptoms: pain in different parts of the body, weight loss, lethargy, increased fatigue, sweating. When probing, an enlarged spleen or lymph nodes may be detected.

Usually, finding out the causes of subfebrile condition begins with a general and biochemical analyzes urine and blood, X-ray of the lungs, ultrasound of internal organs. Then, if necessary, more detailed studies are added - for example, blood tests for rheumatoid factor or thyroid hormones. In the presence of pain of unknown origin, and especially with a sharp weight loss, consultation with an oncologist is necessary.

"Hot Folk"

If surveys have shown that there is order on all fronts, it seems that you can calm down, deciding that this is your nature. But it turns out there is still cause for concern.

However, first let's try to figure out where the elevated temperature comes from with a seemingly complete absence of organic reasons. It appears not at all because the body accumulates too much heat, but because it gives it away poorly. environment. The disorder of the thermoregulation system at the physical level can be explained by a spasm of superficial vessels located in the skin of the upper and lower extremities. Also, in the body of people with long-term temperature, malfunctions in the endocrine system can also occur (they often have disrupted work of the adrenal cortex and metabolism).

Doctors consider this condition as a manifestation of the syndrome of vegetovascular dystonia and even gave it a name - thermoneurosis. And although this is not a disease in its purest form, because no organic changes occur, it is still not the norm. After all, prolonged fever is stress for the body. Therefore, this condition must be treated. Neurologists recommend massage and acupuncture (to normalize the tone of peripheral vessels), psychotherapy.

Greenhouse conditions do not help, but rather interfere with getting rid of thermoneurosis. Therefore, for those who suffer from this disorder, it is better to stop taking care of yourself, and start hardening and strengthening the body. People with problematic thermoregulation need:

The correct mode of the day;

Regular meals with plenty fresh vegetables and fruits;

Taking vitamins;

Sufficient stay fresh air, physical education and hardening.

Are you measuring the temperature correctly?

A thermometer placed under the armpit may not give entirely correct information - due to the abundance sweat glands inaccuracies are likely in this area. If you are used to measuring the temperature in your mouth (where it is half a degree higher than under your arm), then know that the numbers will go off scale if you ate or drank hot or smoked an hour before. The temperature in the rectum is on average a degree higher than in the armpit, but remember that the thermometer can "lie" if you take measurements after taking a bath or exercising. Temperature measurement in the ear canal is considered the most reliable today. But this requires a special thermometer and exact observance of all the rules of procedure.