Vitamins with magnesium and calcium. Calcium Carbonate with Magnesium. Foods rich in magnesium

Calcium is a trace mineral that affects the health of hair, nails, bones and teeth. That is why it is necessary to ensure that the body receives enough this substance. If necessary, you should take calcium supplements, which are prescribed only by a doctor. In this matter, one should adhere to the golden mean and remember that both a deficiency and an excess of this microelement brings significant harm to health.

Among the main functions of this microelement, the following are distinguished:

• participates in the process of blood coagulation;
• normalizes the metabolism of carbohydrates and sodium chloride;
• promotes proper formation human skeleton;
• controls muscle contraction and hormone secretion;
• reduces the permeability of the vascular walls;
• has an anti-inflammatory effect.

When to Take Calcium Supplements

To answer this question, you need to know how much calcium per day should enter the body. An adult needs 0.8 g of a trace element per day. For women who are pregnant and breastfeeding the baby, the rate increases to 1 g. As for children, according to international standards, daily requirement child's body in calcium is:

• in crumbs up to 6 months - approximately 500 mg;
• in babies from 6 to 12 months - up to 700 mg;
• in children from 1 year to 10 years - at least 900 mg;
• in adolescents 11-16 years old - 1200 mg.

An increased amount is required for those who play sports, constantly contact ( professional activity) with dust that contains phosphates and fluorine. If a person uses for treatment steroid hormones and glycocorticoids, the daily requirement for calcium also increases.

Calcium deficiency can also occur if you adhere to low calorie diet, as the intake of the microelement in the body decreases. Such people need to monitor the sufficient intake of this component in the body with food, otherwise the desire for beautiful figure can be very expensive - health.

If a person does not receive a sufficient amount of this trace element with food, then it is necessary to additionally use preparations containing calcium. The price for them is different: there is both expensive means and inexpensive, but effective drugs with calcium.

Indications for use

It should be noted right away that it is necessary to take drugs that contain calcium only as directed by a specialist; it is unacceptable to prescribe medications on your own. So, let's figure out when you need to take additional calcium-containing drugs:

1. The acidity of the gastric environment is increased due to the large amount of hydrochloric acid. This condition is typical for stomach ulcers, gastritis, occurring in acute and chronic form, duodenitis, erosions formed in gastrointestinal tract, reflux gastritis.
2. Rickets. childhood disease, arising from a significant lack of calcium and other trace elements and manifested by a violation of the growth of the child's bones.
3. A large number of caries-affected teeth in both adults and children.
4. Hypocalcemia, or a decrease in the amount of calcium in the body. It develops as a result of impaired absorption of the microelement, its insufficient intake with food, as well as due to the use of corticosteroids and in kidney diseases.
5. Tetany. it pathological syndrome, which develops in muscle tissues and provokes their hypertonicity.
6. Osteomalacia. A disease associated with a decrease in bone mineral density. It does not lead to any functional disorders, but serves as a signal developing osteoporosis. Osteomalacia can be detected using densitometry.
7. Osteoporosis. A disease that occurs as a result of a significant decrease in bone mineral density.
8. Postmenopausal women with signs of osteoporosis. AT this case Treatment is supplemented with vitamin D.
9. To eliminate the symptoms of hyperacidity that develop after drinking coffee, alcoholic beverages, nicotine, certain medications, and also as a result of non-compliance with the recommended diet.

Classification of calcium preparations

All medicines containing calcium are divided into three groups. Each has its own specific application. What is the best calcium preparation? This can only be determined by the attending physician, taking into account the peculiarities of the course of the disease and the well-being of a particular patient.

Monopreparations

These are medicines that include calcium without any additives. The list of such drugs is quite wide:

• calcium carbonate;
• calcium citrate;
• calcium lactate;
• calcium sandoz;
• Vitacalcin;
• Scoralite;
• Additive calcium.

Combined

Unlike monopreparations, vitamin D and other microelements are added to the composition of the combined ones. The advantage of combined drugs is that the body receives two important components- calcium and vitamin D. The latter is also important for the health of bones and teeth. To combined means include the following:

• Calcium D3 Nycomed;
• Calcemin;
• Calcium D3 Classic;
• Complivit calcium D3;
• Natecal D3.

Multivitamin

The composition of calcium multivitamin preparations contains many vitamins and microelements, so the human body is enriched not only with calcium, but also with other useful and necessary components. We are talking about preparations-vitamins with calcium, namely:

• Vitrum;
• Sana-sol;
• Multi-tabs;
• Elevit.

Mode of application

In order to receive from treatment maximum benefit for health, it is necessary to take correctly medical preparations strictly following the recommendations of the doctor. Consider the method of application, the dosage of some drugs.

1. Calcemin. Recommended for adults and children over 12 years of age, one tablet twice a day. The drug must be taken either with meals or immediately before meals. The duration of the course of treatment is determined by the doctor individually for each patient.
2. Multi-tabs. Can be used by adults and children over 4 years of age. The drug is taken once a day with or after meals. The duration depends on the degree of calcium deficiency in the body and is determined strictly individually.
3. Vitacalcin. It is prescribed in the amount of 250 - 1000 mg per day. The tablet is recommended to be chewed and washed down with a glass of water. If the form of the drug is effervescent tablets, then they are dissolved in 200 ml of water.
4. Vitrum. Take adults and children over 12 years of age during or after meals, one tablet per day for 30-60 days.

It should be noted: if therapy lasts for a long time, periodic monitoring of the amount of calcium in the urine and blood is necessary.

Can I take during pregnancy and lactation

During pregnancy, calcium supplements are allowed from the second trimester and not earlier than after the 13th week of gestation. During breastfeeding it may also be necessary additional intake calcium preparations. Let's get acquainted with the signs that indicate a calcium deficiency in the body of a woman who is pregnant or breastfeeding:

• rapid destruction of a large number of teeth;
• fragility of nails and hair develops;
• the risk of early delivery;
• late gestosis of pregnant women;
• severe toxicosis in the early stages;
• risk of abortion;
• increased nervousness and anxiety;
• cramps in the lower extremities;
• muscle tone is increased;
• primary weakness of labor activity.

The doctor may prescribe the following drugs with a lack of calcium in expectant and lactating mothers:

• Calcium D3 Nycomed, which contains 500 mg of calcium, as well as vitamin D, which contributes to better assimilation calcium;
• Calcium gluconate also has 500 mg of calcium in each tablet;
• Vitrum, Elevit, Pregnavit and others multivitamin complexes, which are intended for both pregnant women and nursing mothers;
• Calcemin contains 250 mg of calcium in each tablet, the drug has a significant advantage - it is better and faster absorbed by the woman's body.

The dosage of all drugs, the duration of therapy is determined by the attending physician.

Contraindications to the use of calcium preparations

The main contraindications for use medications containing calcium are the following diseases and states:

• hypercalcemia, i.e. increased amount trace element in the body;
• individual immunity of the drug components;
• hypersecretion of the parathyroid glands;
• malignant neoplasms with metastases in bone tissue;
• urolithiasis disease;
• chronic kidney disease, in which organ failure is observed;
• multiple myeloma;
• phenylketonuria.

Side effects

To unwanted effects manifestations include:

• allergic reaction in varying degrees gravity;
• nausea and vomiting;
• pain in the abdomen;
• flatulence, stool disorders;
• hypercalcemia (develops as a result of excessive intake of calcium with drugs).

Calcium preparations will help to cope with the problem of calcium deficiency in the body, if the patient strictly follows the appointment of a specialist.

The popular pharmaceutical phrase "vitamin-mineral complexes" has become firmly established in ordinary life modern people. The drugs are prescribed for the prevention of diseases of the cardiovascular, nervous, musculoskeletal system, in many acute and chronic ailments. Necessary for a person daily in large quantities: calcium, potassium, magnesium are found in every cell of the body. Macronutrient stores in tissues and blood plasma must be constantly replenished through food or pharmaceuticals.

Why does the human body need potassium, magnesium and calcium?

Mineral salts are part of the active metal-containing organic compounds- enzymes and vitamins. The chemical complex calciferol is anti-rachitic.

Magnesium is known to have:

• pronounced anti-inflammatory effect
• participates in the transmission of cardiac impulses, restores normal rhythm, in case of its deficiency, arrhythmia develops
• an aqueous solution of magnesium stops the loss of ATP molecules by cells as energy sources

At the same time involved:

• in maintaining the balance of functions nervous system, in the transmission of oxygen and impulses to neurons (cells) of the brain
• along with magnesium acid-base balance and water-salt metabolism
• potassium salts increase urination

And what we need is capable of the following:

• stop blood, normalize blood clotting, enhance the effect of vitamin K
• serve as a support and building material for connective tissue(bones), nails, teeth, help absorb vitamin D
• participate in transportation nutrients through cell membrane(shell)

The strength of metals in their fruitful community. Magnesium helps to absorb calcium, and potassium enhances the effect of the former. Depriving the body of the magnificent three chemical elements puts the metabolism in an unfavorable destructive direction - increased nervousness, the occurrence and development of diseases of the heart, joints.

An excess of elements is as dangerous as their deficiency.

Too fraught with complications large income in the body of vitamin and mineral complexes. An excess of organometallic substances and hypervitaminosis leads to a violation metabolic processes. Set the overabundance factor in internal environment of this or that chemical compound in the competence of the doctor according to the results biochemical analysis blood. When magnesium exceeds more than 2.5 mmol / l, changes are noticeable on the cardiac cardiogram.

The characteristic causes of the accumulation of metals in the body are the presence of the following pathologies:

• hormonal dysfunctions endocrine system(at diabetes, dysfunction thyroid gland)
• drug intoxication
• malignant tumors

The main part of unnecessary substances is excreted from the body through the organs of the urinary system. With her diseases (pyelonephritis, kidney stones), the normal course of events is disrupted. AT serious cases, with chronic kidney failure, it is advisable to prescribe a hemodialysis procedure.

Common symptoms of excess elements in the body:

• weakness skeletal muscles, lack of coordination of movements
• depression, mental disorder, drowsiness, apathy
• heart failure, decreased heart rate and blood pressure
• inhibition of nerve reflexes
• dehydration (and vomiting), dry mucous membranes, skin, hair

Hyperkalemia, -magnesemia and -calcemia are relatively rare. However, they have significant implications. With an excess of potassium and magnesium, doctors recommend taking calcium gluconate, since the salts of this metal are actively washed out of the body.

This can be seen with:

• taking laxatives by people on all kinds of diets
• threatened miscarriage, pregnant women are prescribed magnesium compounds (sulfate or hydroxide)
• frequent and uncontrolled use mineral water With high content ions (charged particles) of magnesium

Read also:

How does a lack of B vitamins manifest itself: symptoms and treatment

Excess calcium is most likely to occur in older people with constipation. Within 1-2 months they are shown drinking distilled water.

Potassium and magnesium preparations for the heart and blood vessels

Asparkam. The combined drug is prescribed by cardiologists for coronary insufficiency and arrhythmias. The medicine contains salts - aspartates of potassium and magnesium. With treatment, there is a decrease oxygen starvation cells muscle tissue hearts.

The drug is dangerous to use when:

• initially elevated level potassium in the blood (hyperkalemia)
• acute and chronic renal failure
• in combination with atrioventricular blockade

The drug is available in the form of tablets and solution for injection. During an exacerbation of the disease in adults, they are prescribed to take 2 tablets 3 times a day for 2 weeks. Then the same period is allocated for taking 1 tablet. A week break is made, and the monthly course of treatment with Asparkam is repeated, if necessary. More often with intravenous administration patients note side symptoms(, nausea and vomiting).

Panangin. In terms of composition, form of release and contraindications for use, the drug is an analogue of Asparkam.

• significantly improve the metabolism in the heart muscle
• fight arrhythmia
• help absorb other cardiac drugs used in parallel by cardiopatients

With absence side effects and control over the level of potassium in the blood Panangin is often prescribed 1 tablet 3 times a day, in preventive purposes pregnant and lactating women.

Magnesium preparations

Magnerot. Active ingredient in the synthetic tablet formulation is magnesium orotate.

Doctors prescribe it:

• in order to compensate for the lack of magnesium in the body
• in violation of lipid (fat) metabolism

Reception is long - almost 2 months, takes place in two stages. From the beginning of the course, during the first week, take 2 tablets three times a day. Then 6 weeks - 1 tablet, possibly twice a day. Magnerot is approved for use by chronic alcoholics and during pregnancy.

Magne B6. Part combination drug includes magnesium lactate and pyridoxine hydrochloride (vitamin B). Manufactured form: tablets and ampoules with injection solution. oral intake inside escorted enough large quantity water - 1 cup (200 ml).

Contraindications for the use of Magne B6 include:

• hypersensitivity to the drug
• kidney failure
• bowel dysfunction (tendency to diarrhea, with abdominal pain)

Read also:

Vitamin complexes for women after 40: indications and types of drugs

Maalox. Along with other components, the drug contains magnesium hydroxide.

Available in the form of tablets and suspensions for oral administration with:

• acute and chronic gastritis
• dietary errors
• heartburn
• stomach discomfort
• abuse of nicotine, coffee, alcohol

By therapeutic actions Maalox:

• anti-acid
• adsorbing
• enveloping
• painkiller

Magnesium and potassium for seizures

Neuromuscular disorders in the form of painful muscle twitches are severe symptom potassium deficiency in the body. Seizures are observed during dehydration due to:

• diarrhea, vomiting
• taking laxatives or diuretics
• bowel cleansing with enemas
• starvation

Kalinor. Effervescent tablets contain potassium salts (citrate, bicarbonate) and citric acid. When taken orally, the drug must be dissolved in a glass of water and drunk in small sips for 15 minutes. Do not take more than 1 tablet at a time, more than 3 per day. The doctor prescribes a course of treatment, the duration of which varies from several days or weeks. The acid, which is part of Kalinor, can provoke the manifestation of allergic reactions in the patient. With persistent dehydration, the drug is not prescribed.

Expectant mothers breastfeeding infants women often suffer from anemia. Compensates for the deficiency minerals and vitamins approved complex Materna. pharmaceutical drug contains 25 mg of magnesium. The calculated dose is not dangerous for the health of the baby. Even under the condition that a woman will consume foods rich in magnesium. In addition, the drug contains wide range vitamins, iodine, organic acids, iron and calcium. As well as trace elements: copper, manganese, zinc, chromium, molybdenum. Taken as a vitamin mineral complex Materna 1 tablet per day.

Potassium, calcium and magnesium preparations

The pharmaceutical industry offers a wide range of similar drugs containing combinations of macronutrients and vitamins.

Berocca calcium + magnesium. Coated and effervescent tablets contain 100 mg of magnesium and calcium. The drug according to medicinal properties It is also aimed at ensuring the full development of teeth and bone tissue.

The doctor prescribes a multivitamin and mineral complex during the period:

• children's body growth
• prolonged illness
• before and after chemotherapy
• treatment of polyneuritis (alcoholic)

And lactating women, the drug will benefit only when:

• control over biochemical indicators blood
• no allergic reactions to components
• severe diseases of the urinary system

Makrovit. Contains nicotinamide, vitamins A, E, C, D, group B and calcium pantothenate. Release form - lozenges, dissolving in the mouth. Children over 10 years old and adults are prescribed up to 3 lozenges per day. Recommended drug for active people who go in for sports and do not have the opportunity to eat regularly, diversified. Makrovit, subject to the indicated dosage, has no side effects, contraindications for use by pregnant and lactating women.

The human body is designed in such a way that as we age, all organs gradually wear out. And in order for each of the organs to serve “without breakdowns” for as long as possible, it is important to ensure high-quality disease prevention. If a we are talking about the most important of the organs - the heart, then the methods of prevention consist of giving up alcohol and smoking, reducing body weight, and normalizing lipid metabolism. However, in addition to the points described, the use of calcium and magnesium preparations will help prevent cardiovascular diseases and their complications. Why do we need such medicines for the body, in what cases are calcium and magnesium preparations used, and why do we need to consume foods containing magnesium and calcium, will be discussed in the article below.

What are the benefits of magnesium and potassium?

Taking potassium supplements is very important for the prevention of diseases of the heart and blood vessels. After all, potassium in the body contributes to the work of the conduction system of the heart and provides regulation. Preparations containing potassium, it is important to take not only for the heart. This mineral determines the transmission of excitation from nerve cells to muscles, is responsible for maintaining water and electrolyte balance. By activating, potassium is involved in the regulation of protein and carbohydrate metabolism. It also takes part in the synthesis of proteins and the conversion of glucose into glycogen .

Potassium tablets in tablets contribute to the activation of urine separation.

Contains potassium in tablets, the price of which is relatively low. However, some complex preparations have a higher cost.

You can replenish the reserves of this trace element by consuming foods with a high content of it. A large amount of potassium is found in dried fruits (raisins and dried apricots), leafy greens, legumes, watermelons, melons, kiwi, etc. A little less of this trace element in potatoes, milk, beef.

The body of an adult per day needs from 2 to 5 g of potassium from food (this depends on physical activity). However, it is important to know that approximately 90% of potassium is absorbed from food. This is provided that the absorption process occurs normally, there is no diarrhea and vomiting.

Magnesium helps the body break down glucose. It is involved in various enzymatic reactions that increase the resistance of cells and their renewal. In view of the synthesis vitamins B magnesium improves the process of neuromuscular transmission. Therefore, magnesium preparations are indicated for various diseases. In particular, drugs with magnesium are effective for leg cramps.

If you take preparations containing potassium and magnesium and calcium, vascular tone improves. Also, magnesium, subject to interaction with calcium, takes part in muscle contraction.

The use of magnesium is also advisable from the point of view that it activates the absorption of calcium and regulates the content of this microelement in the blood. In food optimal ratio calcium and magnesium - 2 to 1. This allows you to maintain the density of bone tissue and protect teeth from destruction.

Preparations containing magnesium are also taken “for the heart”, since this trace element stabilizes cell membranes, allowing calcium, potassium, and chlorine ions to penetrate through them. This allows you to lower blood pressure and ensure the stabilization of the heart rhythm.

The price of these drugs may vary. But it is not always necessary to drink magnesium-containing medicines. After all a large number of This trace element is found in food products - legumes, cereals, cabbage, seafood, fish, nuts, etc.

Magnesium is easily absorbed from consumed dairy products, although they contain relatively little of it. A person should receive 400 mg of this trace element per day.

What does an excess of magnesium and potassium lead to?

It is very important that a person take magnesium-containing and potassium-containing drugs strictly according to the indications and in the dosage prescribed by the doctor. A medicine cannot be chosen by reading information about it or by listening to the recommendations of a pharmacist. The most important thing is to never listen to bad advice about what large doses such drugs can "strengthen the heart" and "improve the blood vessels."

Excess potassium

Per day maximum dose potassium is 6 g. If a person consumes 14 g, his heart may stop. The initial excess of this mineral is possible if a person has:

• second type;
• chronic;
• extensive injuries with crushing of tissues;
• effects of radiation exposure or the use of cytostatics.

If you consume high doses of this trace element for a long time, the consequence of this may be:

• heart rhythm disturbances;
• muscle weakness;
• anxiety, irritability;
• nausea, intestinal colic, vomit, ;
• diabetes ;

Excess magnesium

Limiting daily dose magnesium - 800 mg per day. An overdose is not fatal, but if it occurs, the following phenomena may occur:

• stones in the kidneys;

Excessive magnesium retention is noted if a person suffers from chronic renal failure.

Potassium and magnesium preparations for the heart and blood vessels

In modern pharmacology, potassium, magnesium tablets are offered in different options their prices also vary. The preparations of potassium and magnesium in tablets of different cost are described below.

it inexpensive remedy with potassium and magnesium, which many take as a medicine "for the heart." Indeed, very often magnesium and potassium for the heart are taken for any problems with this organ, believing that this will help “support” the heart.

However, drugs with these ingredients are not as harmless as many people think.

The main indication for use is the replacement of potassium losses during the use of diuretics. medicines for the treatment of chronic heart failure or non-potassium-sparing diuretics. It is advisable to take Panangin during treatment with drugs, etc.

If the patient is prescribed a potassium-sparing diuretic, such as Amiloride , Triamterene , Triampur and others, it is not required to use an additional remedy with this microelement. You do not need to drink potassium-containing medicines when taking and.

Panangin normalizes the heart rhythm when ventricular arrhythmias . During treatment flickering and paroxysmal it is usually used as an aid. Simultaneously with antiarrhythmic drugs, Panangin is prescribed for atrial arrhythmias.

For the purpose of prevention, this remedy is prescribed to older people who often have seizures. paroxysmal tachycardia, extrasystoles, and at the same time the level of potassium in the blood is very low. It is also advisable to take this medicine with unstable arterial hypertension or frequent seizures.

Panangin reduces the severity of side effects when using cardiac glycosides, improves the tolerability of such drugs.

Panangin is contraindicated: with cardiogenic shock with low blood pressure, atrioventricular blockade, dehydration, , metabolic disorders of magnesium and potassium. Caution should be taken by nursing mothers and pregnant women.

At simultaneous reception Panangina with ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, NSAIDs, cyclosporines increases the risk of potassium overdose.

Cost - from 300 rubles. per pack 60 pcs.

The composition is similar to Panangin. Have pills similar indications contraindications, side effects. The cost of the drug - from 50 rubles. for 20 pcs.

Also analogues of the drug Panangin are means Pamaton , , Potassium magnesium asparginate - tablets and solution for infusion. If the body needs potassium, magnesium, a dropper is placed with this drug.

Orokamag

These are capsules of potassium and magnesium orotate. Orokamag used in the composition complex treatment supraventricular extrasystoles and unstable angina pectoris . Contraindications and side effects are the same as those of Panangin. Orokamag is not prescribed for expectant mothers and nursing.

Magnesium preparations

These 500 mg tablets contain. used with a lack of magnesium in the body, with arrhythmias associated with such a deficiency, as well as in the course of treatment, endarteritis , heart failure in a chronic form, muscle spasms, metabolic disorders of fats.

As negative effects, there may be allergic reactions, nausea, appetite disorders. Expectant mothers and women during lactation can use the remedy if they have a normal level of magnesium in their blood.

Use is contraindicated in people with urolithiasis, renal failure, lactase deficiency, impaired glucose absorption.

Cost - from 330 rubles. for 20 pcs.

Doppelgerz Active

Biologically active additive, which combines two trace elements. Indications for use are the same as for the use of Magnerot.

Cost - from 360 rubles. for 30 tab.

Medicines for seizures

Potassium and magnesium preparations are used for convulsions . The manifestation of convulsions, tingling sensations, "goosebumps" appear as a result of impaired neuromuscular transmission. Sometimes such manifestations are the consequences of a lack of magnesium in the body. A person becomes worse and due to a lack b vitamins , since this trace element is directly involved in their synthesis.

The development of muscle cramps occurs in the following cases:

• during dehydration;
• during treatment with laxatives or diuretics;
• with electrolyte disturbances due to vomiting;
• due to frequent bowel cleansing with an enema;
• during fasting.

Most often, seizures bother older people at night. During this period, suddenly begin involuntary twitches and numbness in one or both legs. This unpleasant phenomenon not only disrupts sleep, but also delivers a very discomfort. Most often, this happens due to the following reasons:

• poisoning with aluminum, lead, cadmium, manganese, nickel, cobalt, beryllium;
• alcohol abuse;
• diabetes ;
• resection small intestine, malabsorption in the small intestine;
• taking anticancer drugs.

Perhaps the manifestation of seizures not only of the limbs, but also of different muscle groups. Such manifestations are not uncommon during pregnancy, as well as in children - during the period when the child is actively growing.

It will help to overcome such manifestations proper treatment, which includes preparations with magnesium and.

Magne B6

This is magnesium in tablets and as an oral solution. As part of the tool - magnesium lactate dihydrate (corresponds to 48 mg of divalent magnesium) and (B6).

Side effects may include vomiting, nausea, diarrhea .

Poisoning with the drug is possible only if the speed glomerular filtration kidneys is significantly reduced. The consequences of poisoning are: a significant drop in blood pressure, depression, vomiting, diarrhea, respiratory depression, palpitations.

What is the price in tablets, depends on the manufacturer and the drug. The price of Magnesium B6 in tablets is from 580 rubles. for 30 pcs., in ampoules - from 530 rubles. for 10 pcs. There are also a number of analogues of Magne B6. These are medicines Magne Express Sachet , Systematic Magnesium + B6 , Magnelis B6 .

Magnistad

These are vitamins with magnesium, which include magnesium lactate dihydrate (470 mg) and pyridoxine hydrochloride (5 mg). These magnesium-containing vitamins are maximally absorbed due to the presence of a shell that dissolves in the intestines.

All negative effects, indications and contraindications similar to the same points in the instructions for Magna B6.

Price Magnistad - from 325 rubles. for 50 pcs.

Vitamins with calcium and magnesium

In every pharmacy on the shelves you can see numerous names of vitamins with magnesium and potassium. Vitamins, which also contain trace elements, are widely produced and used in different states and diseases.

Popular are the means Vitrum , etc. Contains not only potassium, magnesium and calcium in tablets, but also other trace elements and vitamins, necessary for the body person.

Other drugs

Magnesia (Magnesium sulfate)

medicine with hypotensive action, which effectively reduces the swelling of the vascular wall, which leads to a decrease blood pressure. For a long time magnesia used as a drug to relieve hypertensive crises. It was used for this purpose and for expectant mothers.

At present, magnesia is mainly used as a drug that effectively reduces. To do this, it is administered intramuscularly.

Powdered magnesia is a laxative that stimulates passage. As a result, bile acids have a laxative effect. At one time, many people practiced the so-called liver tubes . This procedure was as follows: it was necessary to take magnesium sulfate and lie on the right side, placing a heating pad under it in order to increase the passage of bile. At present, such actions are no longer practiced, since the influence ursodeoxycholic acid in this case more pronounced.

Magnesia is used intravenously during pregnancy to reduce swelling, as well as to lower the tone of the uterus.

In addition, drugs with magnesium and potassium are included in polarizing mixtures, which modern anesthesiologists do not seriously consider.

How many micronutrients are in foods?

To eliminate the deficiency of these elements, you should include foods rich in potassium and magnesium in your diet. For the heart, it is recommended to eat some foods containing potassium and magnesium.

For information on which foods contain magnesium and potassium, see the table below. The list of food, where there are a lot of these trace elements, is quite wide. And everyone can choose for themselves the optimal source of these elements. But provided that the nutrition is complete, and absorption occurs normally, a deficiency of these elements should not develop.

Table of foods containing potassium and magnesium informs which foods contain them maximum amount. The figures are given in mg per 100 g of product. So, what contains the maximum of these elements?

conclusions

Preparations, which contain these two microelements, are of great auxiliary importance in the treatment various diseases. But, above all, they are important as a means for substitution treatment with a lack of magnesium and potassium in the body.

It is a mistake to assume that such drugs are drugs for the heart, and these drugs cannot be taken uncontrollably. Any list of pills from the heart should be prescribed by a doctor after a comprehensive study, and vitamins for the heart in pills - aid, which is also taken as prescribed by a doctor as part of complex treatment.

With age, all organs of the human body wear out, including the most important of them - the heart. For example, 99-year-old David Rockefeller, trying to extend his life, made the sixth transplant in a row. young heart. But, since not all people, for material and moral and ethical reasons, have access to similar procedure replacements for this important body on a more efficient one, it is worth turning to the aspect of preventing its diseases.

Traditionally, in addition to quitting smoking and excessive alcohol consumption, weight loss and normalization of lipid metabolism, a number of recommendations for preventing the development of cardiovascular diseases and their complications include potassium and magnesium preparations. How effective these funds are, and in what other areas of medicine they can play a role, we will consider in this article.

Why does a person need potassium and magnesium

Potassium

Potassium in the human body not only helps the conduction system of the heart work and regulates, but is also responsible for the transfer of excitation from the nerves to the muscles, and also regulates the intestines and maintains water and electrolyte balance, takes part in the regulation of protein and carbohydrate metabolism through the activation of enzymes. With its help, proteins are synthesized and glucose is converted into glycogen stored in the liver.

Leafy greens, dried apricots, raisins, soybeans, peas, beans, bananas, melons, watermelons, kiwis are rich in potassium. Somewhat less of it in black bread and potatoes. Among animal foods, the amount of potassium compared to potatoes is found in beef and milk (see table at the end of the article).

adult, depending on physical activity may require 2 to 5 grams of potassium from food per day. For example, in 1 banana daily rate potassium. Moreover, potassium is absorbed from food by 90%, provided there are no problems with absorption and profuse diarrhea or vomiting in the body.

Magnesium

Magnesium is mainly involved in energy production, as it helps break down glucose. It is involved in many enzymatic reactions aimed at increasing the stability of cells and their regeneration (due to protein and DNA synthesis). Improves neuromuscular transmission through the synthesis of B vitamins.

When interacting with calcium, it is involved in muscle contraction, maintaining vascular tone. Magnesium also provides better absorption of calcium and regulates its level in the blood. For this, the ratio of calcium and magnesium in food should be 2 to 1. Due to this, bone density and preservation of teeth are maintained. By stabilizing cell membranes, magnesium allows potassium, calcium and chlorine ions to penetrate through it. This achieves coordination heart rate and lowering blood pressure.

The daily requirement for magnesium is 400 mg per day. It is found in cereals, legumes, cabbage, nuts, sea ​​fish and seafood. There is little magnesium in milk and cottage cheese, but it is easily absorbed from them.

Excess is no less dangerous than deficiency.

For anyone medicinal product, including those containing potassium and magnesium, have their own indications and strict dosages. In this case, the drugs must be prescribed by the attending physician, and not recommended by a pharmacy employee or an article on the Internet. Therefore, “harmful fantasies” that the more these substances enter the body, the safer the heart, will have to be left.

What is the danger of excess potassium in the body?

The maximum daily dose of potassium is 6 grams. When used, 14 grams can. The initial excess of potassium in the body can be observed when:

• chronic renal failure
• type 2 diabetes
• with extensive injuries with tissue crushing
• against the background of radiation exposure or taking cytostatics.

At long-term use High doses can cause complications such as:

• irritability, irritability and anxiety
• muscle weakness, heart rhythm disorders
• intestinal colic, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
• frequent urination and diabetes.

Excess magnesium

The limit for magnesium is 800 mg per day. You can't die from it, but if you overdose, you can earn chronic fatigue, kidney stones, hyperthyroidism, psoriasis. At the same time, it does not matter at all whether medications will be taken or whether it will be dietary supplements with minerals. Magnesium is excessively retained in the body in chronic renal failure.

Potassium and magnesium preparations for the heart and blood vessels

Panangin

This is the favorite and inexpensive drug magnesium and potassium tablets, which are usually eaten on both cheeks for most heart problems, ranging from arrhythmias to angina pectoris. In fact, this source of potassium and magnesium aspartate is not so harmless.

• Its main purpose is to compensate for potassium losses when taking potassium-sparing diuretics (Furosemide, Torasemide, Ethacrynic acid, Diakarba), for example, in the treatment of hypertension or. But potassium-sparing diuretics (Veroshpiron, Triampur, Triamteren, Amiloride, Eplerenone) are not supplemented with potassium-containing drugs. Hypothiazide and Indapamide also do not require potassium supplementation.
• With ventricular arrhythmias, it is able to normalize the rhythm. But more often with paroxysmal or it is used as an adjuvant. It is also used for atrial arrhythmias (extrasystoles) in combination with antiarrhythmic drugs.
• For prevention, it is more often used in the elderly with recurrent extrasystoles, paroxysmal tachycardia, against the background of low blood potassium, during the period of increased angina attacks or unstable arterial hypertension.
• When treating with cardiac glycosides, Panangin improves their tolerability and smoothes side effects.

Contraindications are: acidosis, myasthenia gravis, atrioventricular blockade, cardiogenic shock with low blood pressure, hemolysis, dehydration, potassium and magnesium metabolism disorders. The drug is prescribed with caution in pregnant and lactating women.
Interaction with other drugs: joint application with beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, cyclosporines, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs increase the risk of potassium overdose.

Price: 50 tab. 120-140 rub.

Asparkam

This is a cheaper version of Panangin with a similar composition (potassium and magnesium aspartate), indications, contraindications, side effects and dosing regimen.
Price: 56 tab. 70-120 rub.

Other analogues of Panangin: Asparkad, Pamaton, Potassium-magnesium asparginate tablets and solutions for infusions.

Orokamag

Orokamag - potassium and magnesium orotate in capsules is used in complex therapy and supraventricular extrasystoles. Not indicated for pregnant and lactating women. It has similar contraindications and side effects to Panangin.

Magnesium preparations

Magnerot

Magnerot - magnesium orotate dihydrate in tablets of 500 milligrams. From side effects gives allergies, appetite disorders, nausea and diarrhea. It can be used with caution in pregnant and lactating women, provided that the level of magnesium in the blood is balanced.
Indications for prescribing magnesium deficiency associated with this microelement arrhythmias, progressive angina pectoris, chronic heart failure, spasms of muscles, blood vessels, endarteritis, disorders of fat metabolism.
Contraindicated: when urolithiasis, renal failure, in children under 18 years of age, with intolerance milk sugar(lactase deficiency), malabsorption of glucose.
Price: 20 tab. 300 rubles, 50 tab. 600-700 rub.

Doppelgerz Active

This is a dietary supplement with a combination of magnesium and calcium. It is used for the same conditions as Magnerot.
Price: 30 tab. 350 rub.

Magnesium and potassium for seizures

Cramps, tingling sensations, crawling are associated with impaired neuromuscular transmission and can occur against the background of magnesium deficiency. The situation worsens and deficiency of B vitamins, in the synthesis of which magnesium is involved. People can begin to suffer from muscle twitches, called cramps, when:

• dehydration
• Electrolyte disturbances associated with diarrhea and vomiting
• When taking diuretics or laxatives
• Mindless bowel cleansing with frequent enemas
• When fasting

This is most often observed in the elderly at night, when one or both legs begin to go numb and involuntarily twitch, often causing a lot of trouble and disturbing sleep. Faces with the same problems:

• Alcohol abusers
• Poisoned by lead, manganese, cadmium, aluminum, nickel, beryllium, cobalt
• After resections of the small intestine, with malabsorption in it
• With diabetes
• Against the background of treatment with gentamicin and anticancer drugs

At the same time, convulsions can be widespread and capture the most different groups muscles, pregnant women and children during periods of intensive growth can suffer from similar conditions. To deal with these unpleasant phenomena and sensations, patients are prescribed courses of drugs containing magnesium and supplemented with B vitamins.

Magne B6

Is it tablets or solution for internal reception. The composition contains magnesium lactate dihydrate in combination with pyridoxine hydrochloride (vitamin B6). The amount of magnesium in a tablet corresponds to 48 mg of divalent magnesium.

• in addition to muscle spasms, the drug can be used for magnesium deficiency
• cardiac arrhythmias
• spasms in the gastrointestinal tract
• sleep disturbances, increased excitability or irritability.

The course of the drug is shown (on average for 4-6 weeks). It is drunk 6-8 tablets per day in 3-4 doses. Tablets and solution are taken with food, washed down with water. The solution can be pre-diluted in half a glass of water.
The medicine is contraindicated with renal failure, children under six years of age, fructose intolerance, malabsorption of glucose and sucrose. Joint use with levodopa is unacceptable. It is not recommended for pregnant and lactating women, as it penetrates into milk and through the placental barrier.
Side effects: how unwanted action known nausea, vomiting, fluid frequent stool, flatulence.
Poisoning can occur only with a significant drop in the glomerular filtration rate of the kidneys and manifests itself in a drop in blood pressure, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, depression, respiratory depression, and heart rhythm disturbances.
Price: Magne B6 50 tab. 550-700 rubles, Magne B6 Forte 30 tab. 700-800 rub.

Magne B6 analogues

Magnistad is a tablet containing a combination of 470 mg of magnesium lactate dihydrate and 5 mg of pyridoxine hydrochloride. The special shell of the tablets dissolves only in the intestines, ensuring maximum absorption of the drug. Indications side effect and contraindications are the same as Magne B6.

Magnistad 50 tab. 200 rub.	Magne Express Sachet 20 tab. 640 rub.	Magnelis B6 50 tab. 350 rub.	Systematic magnesium + B6 30 tab. 500 rub.

Other indications for these drugs

• Magnesium sulfate or magnesia – antihypertensive drug which reduces puffiness vascular wall, lowering arterial pressure. For a long time was used as a drug for the relief of hypertensive crises, including in pregnant women. Today, it is mainly used as a means of successfully lowering intracranial pressure when administered intramuscularly.
• Powdered magnesium sulfate is a laxative that increases the passage of bile, due to bile acids which has a laxative effect. Previously, it was popular to carry out hepatic tubages. After drinking magnesium sulfate and lying down on the right side. Today, this is not practiced, since the use of ursodeoxycholic acid preparations is more effective.
• In drips, magnesium sulfate used in pregnant women to reduce edema and as a tocolytic that reduces uterine tone. Potassium and magnesium preparations are also included in the compositions of polarizing mixtures, which today anesthesiologists call "paralyzing" and are not seriously considered.

Thus, magnesium and potassium preparations today have more auxiliary value and are intended primarily to carry out replacement therapy with a lack of these trace elements in the body. Which drugs are better, and in general the expediency of taking them, should be decided only by the attending physician, taking into account the given clinical situation in a particular patient.

How much potassium, magnesium in foods?

The table shows a list of products - fruits, vegetables, nuts, meat, fish, dried fruits, drinks - with maximum content potassium and magnesium (mg per 100 g of product). With normal absorption of vitamins and minerals in the body and good nutrition deficiency of these trace elements in humans should not occur.

watermelon potassium 175 mg/100g magnesium 25	avocado potassium 440 magnesium 125	bananas potassium 390 magnesium 40	apricots potassium 340 magnesium 20	cherry potassium 290 magnesium 27
grape potassium 215 magnesium 18	oranges potassium 160 magnesium 13	peach potassium 150 magnesium 15	apples potassium 108 magnesium 9	plum potassium 85 magnesium 16
potassium 1020 magnesium 130

From the early age Everyone is talking about the benefits of calcium. Toothpastes always saturate them, it is recommended to drink milk and use cottage cheese for the beauty of hair and nails. Everywhere advertising dietary supplements with it for the prevention of age-related osteoporosis, and there is less information about the effect of magnesium on the body.

However, taking calcium supplements does not save you from catastrophic tooth decay. The nail plate exfoliates and breaks, and everything else over the years overtakes osteoporosis. But in addition to these problems, a decrease in muscle elasticity follows, which is subsequently fraught with a heart attack.

Why does this happen? Preventing a microelement deficiency in the body by increased consumption of foods rich in calcium, taking dietary supplements rich in minerals, a person gets a completely different effect: the bones become brittle, the muscles, on the contrary, become hard, and the joints move worse and worse.

The fact is that a person needs calcium, but it makes no sense to use it without magnesium, since calcium without it is not absorbed by the body. In this case, it is not deposited where it is required. When magnesium is deficient, Ca molecules take its place. If there is more magnesium than necessary, it is simply excreted from the body without consequences.

Benefits for the body

Magnesium is required for all biochemical processes, its need for humans is similar to the need for water, food and air. But while lacking in vital important elements obvious, magnesium deficiency needs to be recognized in a timely manner. With a lack of magnesium, the following problems arise:

1. Chronic fatigue.
2. Insomnia. For magnesium deficiency nerve cells organisms become more irritable, as a result of this, sleep disturbance occurs.
3. Hypertension. Mg helps to dilate blood vessels, which, in turn, helps to reduce pressure to normal level. And with its lack, headaches can occur.
4. Muscle spasms are a symptom of a lack of this trace element.
5. Diabetes. The substance helps to produce insulin, which is responsible for the absorption of sugars by the body. Therefore, bringing the level of magnesium to normal can not only reduce the risk of diabetes, but also significantly reduce the rate of its development.

Equally important is the role of calcium in the body. An adult person has up to one and a half kilograms of this metal in the body, most of which is concentrated in the teeth and bones. But there is a percentage that contributes to:

• blood clotting;
• formation nerve fibers and their reactions;
• reduce the likelihood of allergies.

Low calcium levels lead to:

• nervousness;
• depressive states;
• sleep problems;
• cardiopalmus;
• brittle nail plates;
• joint problems.

However, these are only the main symptoms, a lack of calcium can provoke serious illnesses kidneys, thyroid. Deficiency causes an incorrect diet, smoking and drinking alcohol.

Magnesium and calcium compatibility

Magnesium promotes better absorption of calcium. And if there is a shortage of magnesium in the body, then taking calcium supplements will not be beneficial. Their interaction occurs immediately after ingestion - in the stomach. To achieve harmony between these elements is quite simple. It is important to build daily diet so that these two substances are present in it in approximately equal amounts.

Or include in daily menu foods that initially contain potassium and magnesium, such as soy cheese tofu, and at the same time reduce the amount of foods that reduce the absorption of these substances.

This list includes: salt, coffee, spinach, sorrel, rhubarb, beets, animal fats. They increase the loss of calcium and, as a result, lower the content of these elements.

You do not need to completely remove them from the menu, because they bring their benefits to the body, it is enough to reduce the amount. Balanced Diet one of the simple and effective methods help the body in maintaining the balance of calcium and magnesium. But it also happens that the minerals that enter the body with food are not enough, in such a situation, taking special preparations will help.

It is important to start taking vitamin complexes and dietary supplements only after consulting a doctor. After all, an excess is as harmful as a deficiency. As a rule, doctors recommend taking calcium D3 and magnesium B6. They contain the optimal dosage that can help the body with signs of deficiency. Calcium D3 is a compound of calcium carbonate and vitamin D3.

Vitamin D3 promotes the absorption of calcium in the intestines, while the result is quickly noticeable - pass muscle spasms improves the condition of hair and nails. Magnesium B6 contains magnesium lactate dihydrate and vitamin B6 (pyridoxine hydrochloride).

Admission rules

Doctors say that it is important to combine calcium intake with vitamin D3 intake. Foods containing this vitamin should be eaten 4 hours before taking calcium.

Is it possible to combine the intake of calcium and magnesium supplements? Opinions differ on this issue. Some believe that calcium without magnesium will not be absorbed, while others are sure that these two elements should be taken separately.

Daily intake of trace elements

The daily dose for a person is approximately 0.5 g. This amount should be ingested every day. More exact dosages depending on age, gender, health status:

The body's need for calcium:

• a child from 0.5 years old needs up to 400 mg per day;
• children from 1 to 18 years old - 600 mg;
• women and men over 18 years old - from 450 to 800 mg;
• if adults are actively involved in sports, then the need for calcium increases to 1000-1200 mg;
• during pregnancy, a woman's body needs up to 1500 mg per day.

Dosage while taking

In order not to harm the body, doctors suggest taking calcium and magnesium in a 2:1 ratio. For 1 gram of calcium, count 0.5 grams of magnesium. To improve the absorption of Ca, almonds, buckwheat and barley groats, cashew and millet. Better reception limit 1-2 months. A specialist should regulate the duration of the course.

During pregnancy

When pregnancy occurs, it is very important to monitor the state of magnesium and calcium in the body. In case of a shortage of these elements, it is possible serious violations. Since an overdose of these elements is no less dangerous, it is important that the appointment is prescribed by a specialist based on tests.

As a rule, the doctor prescribes the intake of magnesium B6 1 tablet 3 times a day until the 12th week, in the third trimester - 1 tablet a day. Calcium is from 20 to 32 weeks - 1 tablet with a dosage of up to 500 mg 2 times a day.

It is important to remember that it is better not to take drugs at the same time, a break of 3-4 hours is desirable between doses.

Harm and contraindications

Magnesium preparations should not be taken in case of:

1. If the body does not tolerate fructose, as well as in violation of the absorption of glucose and galactose.
2. Phenylketonuria. This disease provokes metabolic failures and liver failure.
3. Liver and kidney failure.
4. Allergy to the components of the magnesium preparation.
5. Children under 1 year old.
6. During lactation and breastfeeding.

1. At hypersensitivity to the ingredients of the drug.
2. At elevated content calcium in the blood, an excess of vitamin D3 or cancer.
3. With renal failure, calcification of the kidneys.
4. With a reduced content of phosphorus, zinc and potassium.

Since there are no studies on the intake of calcium and magnesium by pregnant women and children, a doctor should be consulted in this case.

When purchasing drugs with magnesium and calcium, it is important to realize that not all of them are equally effective and useful. Of great importance are the form of release, dosage, compatibility of components, diagnosis (health problems).

There are three types of drugs on the market:

1. Multivitamins. Usually they are prescribed for pregnant women and children.
2. Monopreparations. They contain calcined salts, chlorides, glycerophosphates, calcium lactate.
3. Combined vitamins. The preparations contain other vitamins or elements that mutually enhance digestibility.

There are quite a lot of preparations with pure magnesium or with other microelements. Magnesium is usually supplemented with vitamin B6.

When choosing a drug, you should pay attention to:

• origin (organic preparation or not);
• digestibility;
• substances that promote absorption;
• manufacturer.

It is very important to comply correct dosage so that the body receives all the necessary trace elements for normal functioning. A balanced intake of vitamins provides energy for the whole day, protects against diseases and maintains a good mood.

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