Kidney disease treatment diet. Diet for kidney diseases: basic principles of therapeutic nutrition, recommendations for various diseases. Sauces and condiments

At inflammatory diseases of the urinary system, patients should adhere to a special low-protein diet that excludes irritating foods. A diet for kidney disease and a fractional diet reduce the load on damaged tissues, normalize water-salt metabolism. And in combination with drug treatment this approach helps to speed up recovery.

Basic principles

Inflammatory processes in the kidneys are accompanied by a violation of blood filtration. Protein enters the urine, and the body accumulates a lot of toxins, toxins that appear in the process of the life of the person himself and pathogenic microorganisms. The excretion of excess fluid is difficult, swelling of the extremities and face appears.

To speed up the excretion of toxic substances by the kidneys, to normalize the passage of urine, you need to eat. It is important to limit the amount of table salt, give up fried, too fatty foods, hot spices and smoked meats, onions, garlic, spices.

Alcohol, coffee, strong tea, sweet, carbonated, low-alcohol drinks. Mineral water is also used with caution, given the acidity of urine. It is important to observe drinking regimen. Drink at least 1 liter of pure water per day.

With inflammation in the kidneys, patients adhere to the rules of fractional nutrition. Eat throughout the day allowed meals in small portions, 5-6 times at the same time.

The contents of the plate are distributed in such a way that 1/3 are side dishes from various cereals, potatoes, pasta. Another 1/3 - fresh or stewed vegetables, fruits. The rest is this boiled fish, dietary meat or dairy products.

Diet table number 7

Medical nutrition for kidney disease in men and women limits fats, simple carbohydrates and especially protein in the diet. You need to cook without adding edible salt. Her daily dose should not exceed 6 g.

The energy value of diet number 7 with exacerbation of nephritis:

vegetable proteins - 30–35 g;
carbohydrates - no more than 450 g, of which 85 g is sugar;
animal proteins 30–35 g;
free liquid - 1–1.2 l;
total calorie content - 2500 kcal.

Compliance with the rules of nutrition helps to relieve inflammation in the kidneys, get rid of the symptoms of the disease. Reducing the load on the affected organ can reduce peripheral edema, lower blood pressure, accelerate the excretion of salts, nitrogenous substances and normalize metabolic processes.

What can you eat with kidney disease

Doctors prescribe diet No. 7 after they are removed acute symptoms inflammation (from 4 weeks of remission). Medical nutrition is also necessary for the chronic form of nephritis without functional insufficiency.

Allowed products:

vegetable soups without frying;
lean meat (turkey, rabbit, veal, chicken fillet, beef tongue);
fermented milk products with a low percentage of fat content (kefir, yogurt, cottage cheese, cottage cheese and vegetable puddings, fresh butter without salt);
yesterday's bread from unsalted dough, pancakes and pancakes on whey, bread rolls;
River fish;
any vegetables fresh herbs(except sorrel);
eggs without yolk, the maximum number is 2 pieces per day;
rosehip broth, herbal, green, weakly brewed black tea, drink with chicory, freshly squeezed fruit, vegetable juices;
fruits, berries;
any cereals and pasta;
creamy ice cream, jam, jams, honey, caramel;
olive, sunflower oil.

With pathologies of the kidneys meat products and fish must be boiled, baked with vegetables or cooked in a double boiler with the addition of vegetable oil (sunflower, olive, linseed). If in daily menu eggs, dairy products are added, it is necessary to reduce the meat content.

With an exacerbation of the pathology, acute pain in the kidneys, the diet should include a lot of vegetables and fresh fruits. It is useful to eat cucumbers, beets, lettuce, dried apricots, prunes, bananas, watermelon.

What foods should be avoided

A low-protein diet for kidney disease eliminates the use of irritating foods. They increase the acidity of urine, increase the inflammatory process, cause relapses of the disease in chronic pathology.

Prohibited Products:

fatty, salted, smoked, pickled and canned fish, salted caviar;
fresh White bread, sweet pastries;
rich broths made from meat, fish, legumes, mushrooms;
any sausages;
frozen meat semi-finished products;
hard cheeses with high fat content, cheese;
pickles, any marinades;
fatty dairy products (sour cream, cream, cottage cheese, yogurt);
hot spices;
sorrel, radish, onion, garlic, spinach;
chocolate;
dishes from the fast food menu;
coffee, sweet carbonated drinks, spirits, cocoa, alkaline mineral water, kvass;
fatty meat (pork, lamb, duck, goose, lard, lard).

With pain in the kidneys, liver during an exacerbation of the pathology, you can not eat fried foods, meat, smoked fish, add spices to food. Increase the load on the damaged organ sausages, sausages, pickled cucumbers and tomatoes. Doctors do not recommend cooking soups on meat, mushroom broths.

How to make a menu for a week with nephritis

A protein-free diet for kidney disease should be varied so that the body does not lack vitamins, minerals Oh. A patient can eat no more than 0.55 g of protein per day. Must comply bed rest and limit physical activity as much as possible.

Sample menu for the week and possible options daily diet for people with kidney disease, it is easy to compile using our tips. Recipes must not contain animal fats. Kissel, compote must be prepared from natural fruits; store-bought semi-finished products cannot be used. Pancakes are baked with yeast without adding salt; dried apricots, nuts, cinnamon, vanilla can be added to the dough.

With kidney disease, you need to eat in such a way that, leaving the table, you experience a slight feeling of hunger.

Monday:

the first breakfast - an omelet from 1 egg in milk, tea;
lunch - baked apple;
lunch meal - buckwheat soup, steamed fish cake, unsweetened prunes compote;
afternoon snack - fruit jelly with pancakes;
dinner - rice pudding with carrots and green tea.

Diet for Tuesday with kidney disease:

first breakfast - oatmeal on the skimmed milk with dried fruits and nuts, coffee drink;
lunch - fresh fruits or berries without sugar;
dinner - vegetable stew, boiled chicken fillet, black tea;
afternoon snack - baked pear;
dinner - cranberry juice with biscuit cookies.

If the kidneys are very sore, then it is better to completely refuse meat for a while. Doctors recommend replacing it with fresh vegetables, salads from them. It is useful to pay attention to recipes for fruit casseroles with cottage cheese, to cook cereals from whole grain cereals (millet, buckwheat, pearl barley, lentils).

Menu for Wednesday:

first breakfast - buckwheat with vegetable oil, a glass of warm milk;
lunch - pancakes with honey;
lunch - pasta with vegetables, steamed veal, fruit juice;
afternoon snack - yogurt with unsalted bun;
dinner: cottage cheese.

Menu for Thursday with inflammation of the kidneys:

first breakfast - oatmeal with raisins, coffee drink;
lunch - bread with butter, green tea;
lunch - dietary borscht, fish baked with vegetables, compote;
afternoon snack - vegetable cutlet with bread, tea;
dinner - 200 ml of kefir.

With an exacerbation of kidney disease, the appearance of edema, you need to stock up. Very useful are watermelons, apricots, pumpkin, dried apricots, raisins, prunes, fresh cucumbers.

List of dishes for Friday:

first breakfast - boiled egg, a piece of boiled rabbit meat, black tea;
lunch - 100 g of fresh cherries or sweet cherries;
lunch - mashed potatoes with parsnips and butter, boiled shrimp, fruit jelly;
afternoon tea - fresh vegetable salad, jelly;
dinner - cottage cheese pudding.

Menu for Saturday:

first breakfast - sweet millet porridge with added dried fruits or nuts, compote;
lunch - a bun and a glass of kefir;
lunch - buckwheat soup, steam cutlet, fruit drink;
afternoon snack - yogurt with biscuit cookies, juice;
dinner - green tea with bread.

Sunday Ration:

first breakfast - scrambled eggs egg whites, sandwich with butter;
lunch - tofu cheese with tea;
diet recipes for vegetable casseroles with boiled turkey will help to cook dinner;
afternoon snack - a bun with strawberry jelly;
dinner - cottage cheese with honey and cinnamon.

Therapeutic nutrition for inflammatory diseases of the kidneys allows you to restore the work of the damaged organ, normalize water-salt balance, eliminate swelling. Stick to strict diet with the minimum amount of proteins needed in acute stage illness. Later, more meat and dairy products are allowed to be introduced into the diet.

Inflammation of the kidneys affects all segments of the population. The risk group consists of children under the age of seven, women in the childbearing period and men of advanced years. The most common cause of pathology is hypothermia and the consequences of colds. To get rid of pain, it is not enough to undergo a medical course of treatment. The diet for diseased kidneys is designed to promote the healing process.

Inflammation of the kidneys provokes a failure in the human body of water-electrolyte and acid-base balance. As a result, swelling of tissues is formed, signs of hypertension appear, toxic poisoning residues of metabolic products that the body cannot remove in a timely manner. Most often, the inflammatory process is diagnosed if the diagnosis is made: nephritis, pyelonephritis.

Nutrition for inflammation of the kidneys developed by the attending urologist, taking into account:

anti-inflammatory effect, which can significantly accelerate the full recovery;
cleansing the urinary tract improves the outflow of fluid from body tissues;
products medical nutrition should not provide heavy load on the kidneys;
should eat food that helps to normalize blood pressure, improve water balance organism;
adherence to a therapeutic diet can prevent the development of a chronic process;
filling daily menu vitamins helps to increase immune protection.

With diseased kidneys, it is necessary to minimize the intake of proteins and fats of animal origin, and increase the amount of carbohydrates. The amount of salt consumed in the diet should be limited to no more than 5 grams per day.

It is not necessary to completely refuse salt in the diet, as an offensive is possible. kidney failure. It is advisable to flavor food with spices and herbs to give it a more appetizing look.

In kidney disease, the diet aims to balance the intake of protein, sodium and phosphorus salts. Recommended amount of protein 25 g per day otherwise aggravation is possible.

For pain in the kidneys, food should be cooked boiled or baked, but at the same time the body should not suffer from a lack of nutrients.
It is recommended to reduce single doses products, increasing the frequency of meals up to 5-6 times daily. Dinner must be no later than two hours before a night's rest. This diet helps to defeat pyelonephritis.

During the day, be sure to drink at least 1 liter of pure non-carbonated water, it is recommended to eat foods that have a diuretic effect: fresh cucumbers, pumpkin, watermelon, melon, zucchini. If there are no edema and liver diseases, the amount of water should be increased to 2.5 liters.

The calorie content of the diet throughout the day in adults should not be less than 3500 kcal. In case of refusal, the body will begin to use its protein supply, increasing the load on the kidneys. 1-2 times a week is recommended arrange fasting days eating any one vegetable or fruit product. If pyelonephritis is accompanied by low hemoglobin, it is recommended to enrich the diet with apples, strawberries, pomegranates and other iron-containing foods.

List of prohibited products

When treating, it is strictly forbidden to eat fried, pickled dishes. Avoid eating spicy, fatty, salty foods. It is forbidden to use strong rich broths from meat, fish, mushrooms for food. It is recommended to drain the first portion when cooking a dish. Filling the product with fresh water, bring the process to readiness.

If the patient has acute stage pyelonephritis, then the basis will be a protein-free diet for kidney disease, but the following should be avoided:

canned meat and fish, semi-finished products, seafood;
sharp hard cheeses;
seasonings (mayonnaise, mustard, horseradish, ketchup, etc.);
coffee, cocoa, strong tea leaves;
fatty lactic acid products;
black bread;
onions in any form, garlic, radish;
alcohol of any strength;
chocolate, fatty confectionery;
legume products;
margarine, lard, fat.

When pyelonephritis passes into an inactive phase, the diet can be slightly expanded, it is allowed to practice a protein diet.

What products are allowed and useful

Despite the limitations, the composition of the diet for people with diseased kidneys must be varied, the nutritional value of which is sufficient for normal human life support.

It is allowed to use the following products during treatment:

low-fat boiled meats up to 200 g per day 3-4 weeks after switching to a diet;
pasta from durum wheat of limited quantity;
unsalted bread, preferably with bran - for weight loss;
cereal porridge cooked in water or with the addition of low-fat milk;
chicken eggs, limiting the use of 2 pieces daily;
vegetable soups with the addition of cereals or pasta, seasoned with butter;

When exacerbated, you can not eat:

boiled, baked, fresh vegetables, plant foods (carrots, potatoes, cabbage, cucumbers, zucchini, pumpkin, lettuce, beets);
you can use non-acidic greens;
fruits in fresh or boiled, baked form. Compotes, kissels, freshly squeezed juices.
citrus fruits are prohibited as sources of allergies;
weakly brewed tea or coffee;
milk and lactic acid products of low-fat composition are allowed to be consumed in limited quantity.
diuretic watermelon should also be limited in nutrition, including with one kidney, so as not to provoke a deterioration in the condition.

Menu for the week

With a diet, the human body still needs good nutrition even if inflammation of the kidneys or bladder is diagnosed.

The menu is usually compiled for a week, including everything necessary for the body in the composition of the dishes. nutrients, for kidney problems, the allowed products are as follows:

Egg white omelet, piece bran bread With butter.
Buckwheat porridge boiled in water, hard-boiled egg.
Milk soup with durum vermicelli, boiled egg.
Millet porridge, bread with jam and butter.
Milk porridge made from Artek wheat groats, sweet pancakes cooked without salt.
Thin pancakes stuffed with jam, hard boiled egg.
Cornmeal porridge with pumpkin, bread spread with a thin layer of butter.

Drinks are served: not strong tea, milk, yogurt.

An approximate menu for a second breakfast with a diet for the kidneys should be varied with dishes (in addition to the menu of tables 7, 7a and 7b):

Low-fat cottage cheese pudding.
Mashed potatoes with boiled fish.
Fresh skim cheese, you can add sugar.
Vinaigrette or other salad of boiled vegetables with vegetable oil.
Milk porridge with fresh or dried fruits and similar recipes.
Sweet cottage cheese casserole.
Steam fish with garnish.

Drinks for lunch can be varied with milk sweetened with kefir, decoctions of medicinal plants with sugar or honey.

Lunch meals in without fail should include various vegetable soups, 200 g boiled meat not fatty varieties beef, veal, chicken. Drinks: compote or jelly from apples, cherries, sweet fruit juices.

The low-protein diet menu is expanding with cottage cheese, meat, pasta potato casseroles, steamed fish cakes, cottage cheese with sugar, oatmeal with fruit fillings. The list of drinks varies with a portion of low-fat milk, tea with milk, compote, rosehip broth. 2 hours before bedtime, it is recommended to take 200 ml of low-fat sour-milk drink with added sugar or honey.

If the disease has passed into chronic form, then adhere to dietary nutrition is necessary for life. Only the attending physician can correct the composition of the diet!

Nutrition for kidney disease is based on severe restrictions. Food is definitely the top priority. plant origin. As for protein products, there are a lot of controversial issues. A protein-free diet for such diseases can give a tangible effect. But proteins are necessary for the full functioning of the body. Therefore, experts advise limiting the use of protein foods, but not completely excluding them from the diet, because this step can lead to unpredictable consequences. A diet for kidney disease should be based on carbohydrate-containing foods, they should be the basis of nutrition. Fried, smoked, spicy for any kidney disease is strictly prohibited.

Nutritionists recommend daily calorie content diet for kidney disease within 3000 kcal. At the same time, the composition of the diet should be as carbohydrate-rich as possible, approximately 450-500 grams. Proteins are allowed a maximum of no more than 80-90 grams. The fat content in dietary dishes should not exceed 70 grams. The diet for kidney disease involves the minimum intake of fats and proteins, and carbohydrates in the maximum number contribute to effective treatment and good results.

First of all, a diet for kidney disease should maximize the correction of metabolic processes in the patient's body. Degree of violations renal function and the degree of severity of the pathological process are the main criteria for the appointment of dietary nutrition. Others no less important indicators The condition of the patient is also important. For example, the presence of edema and the patient, increased blood pressure, the level of protein in the patient's urine, the ability of the kidneys to excrete protein metabolism products. At increased amount proteins in the patient's urine, it is necessary to increase the amount of protein intake. Increased swelling of the patient requires exclusion from the diet of salt. Liquid intake is usually limited.

The diet for kidney disease has some features that must be considered in each individual case. Of course, the appointment of diet food is carried out by a specialist.

Diet number 7

Diet 7 for kidney disease consists in a sharp restriction of the use of extractive substances, in order to minimize the irritating effect on the kidneys and increase the excretion of metabolic products, while at the same time providing an anti-inflammatory effect. Diet 7 for kidney disease in its diet is balanced, complete, with a proportional content of proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins and fats. At the same time, the consumption of proteins is somewhat limited, and the rate of consumption of carbohydrates and fats is approximately within physiological needs sick. The technology for preparing dietary dishes does not provide for the use of salt. The patient receives salt in an amount of not more than 5 grams separately and consumes it without mixing with other dishes. With dietary nutrition, fluid intake is permissible within the range of up to one liter. The use of sweet carbonated drinks is excluded. Avoid eating foods that contain essential oils and oxalic acid. Dishes for diet food are best cooked in a double boiler or simply boiled. The chemical composition of the therapeutic diet 7 for kidney disease for one day is 70 grams of protein, 60% of them are animals, 85 grams of fat, 25% of them are vegetable, 350 grams of carbohydrates, about 85 grams of which are sugars. The energy value of Diet 7 for kidney disease is approximately 2550-2600 calories. The drinking regimen is one liter of liquid.

What can be consumed by the patient when diet 7 is prescribed for kidney disease? From bakery products, protein-free, bran, wheat bread is recommended for use, provided baking without salt. Of the first courses, you can only use those that are cooked without broths, based on vegetables, pasta or cereals, seasoned with butter and herbs. The consumption of meat and poultry at the beginning of treatment should be limited. A little later, you can eat boiled lean meat, a whole piece or chopped. Fish can be consumed lean, boiled or baked. The recommended number of eggs is limited to 2 pieces in the form of egg white omelettes or soft-boiled eggs. The use of milk and dairy products is possible in limited quantities. From vegetables, you can eat tomatoes, cucumbers, potatoes, beets, cauliflower, parsley, dill, carrot. Moreover, vegetables and herbs can be consumed both boiled and in fresh. When dieting, the use of fruits and dishes from them is recommended, for example, watermelons, melons, jams, jams, fruit purees and mousses. The patient's drinking regimen can be diversified with weak tea with milk, unsaturated decoction of blackcurrant or wild rose, diluted clean water in a ratio of 1:1 vegetable or fruit juices.

Diet 7 for kidney disease with mandatory and strict implementation during treatment course will contribute maximum effect from treatment.

Protein free diet

A protein-free diet for kidney disease will significantly improve the effectiveness of the treatment course in acute and chronic diseases. The low calorie content of the diet of this diet also helps to reduce total weight body. But the use of a protein-free diet as a weight loss technique cannot be called correct. Weight loss occurs to a greater extent due to a decrease in the level of fluid in the body. Long term dietary limited consumption proteins or combining a protein-free diet with active physical activity, may result in serious loss of muscle tissue, which will be used to compensate for the protein deficiency.

A protein-free diet for kidney disease does not exceed daily allowance at 2200 calories. The energy value nutritious diet for each category of patients is individual. So, for bedridden patients, it is possible to reduce energy value up to 1800 calories. A protein-free diet involves reducing protein proteins to a minimum level, namely, up to 20 grams per day. At the same time, the main sources of protein proteins are products of plant origin. Meat, poultry and fish should be consumed in very limited quantities, but it is better to exclude them altogether. Dairy products and eggs are also subject to complete exclusion from the patient's diet. The carbohydrate part of the protein-free diet menu is approximately 350 grams per day. Fats are recommended in an amount of no more than 80 grams daily.

In order to prevent kidney overload, the drinking regimen of a protein-free diet is limited to 450-500 grams of fluid daily.

Fasting days

In kidney pathology, periodic fasting days are useful, during which only a certain product can be consumed. The following types of fasting days deserve attention:

Diet

In the treatment of kidneys and prevention kidney disease it is important to control not only the quality of the food taken, but also the diet, which must necessarily be fractional. This rule must be observed regardless of whether one kidney or both are affected by the disease. What is meant by the term "fractional nutrition"? Many people consider this to be three or four meals a day. This is absolutely false. Fractional nutrition for diseases internal organs involves eating 5-6 times a day, but the portions should be small.

Focus on liquid

An important item on the menu is correct usage liquids. A person should drink it per day on average 1.5 liters. With diseased kidneys, an excess of water in the body is very dangerous. And it should also be taken into account: the indicated volume includes not only weak tea, fruit and vegetable juices, drinking water but also soups, broths and other liquid dishes. If this rule is violated, the burden on those affected by the disease renal tissues increases, and, consequently, the functioning of the kidneys worsens. Salt has a similar effect. It delays the removal of fluid from the body. Many diets for inflammation of the kidneys include complete failure from salt, and as its replacement, it is suggested to use vinegar in a small amount or lemon juice which have an anti-inflammatory effect.

What to give up

Not less than important issue is the use of salt. With any ailments of the kidneys and liver, it should be as limited as possible, and in some cases completely excluded.

In people with diseased kidneys, the diet implies a complete and unconditional rejection of alcohol.

It is unacceptable even in minimal quantities. When the kidneys hurt, it is strictly forbidden to use:

natural coffe;
cocoa;
chocolate.

Experts offer coffee lovers a drink made from chicory as an alternative, but its use should also be agreed with the doctor, because chicory has a strong diuretic effect. In some cases, when the kidneys hurt, it can not be used. As for broths, only vegetable broths are allowed in the diet, and mushroom and fish broths must be excluded, since they contain a significant amount of protein and cholesterol that is harmful to the functioning of internal organs. This rule also applies to soups prepared on the basis of broth.

The diet clearly excludes from the diet:

sea fish;
meat delicacies;
salted canned vegetables;
any kind of legumes;
hot and allspice;
spices;
mustard and other seasonings.

Dishes are prepared without garlic and onions, which are strictly prohibited for kidney diseases. Asparagus, spinach, radish, sorrel, parsley should not be included in the diet, as they will only aggravate the violation of water-salt metabolism. Dairy products for kidney disease can be consumed, provided that they are low-fat. The above prohibitions also apply to diets for patients who have a lowered kidney, even in the absence of failures in its functioning.

Sample menu for people with kidney problems

The diet menu for kidney diseases is compiled by a dietitian, according to the recommendations of the attending physician and depending on the general condition of the patient. As a rule, the diet menu for kidney disease consists of light meals that contribute to minimum load for diseased kidneys and digestive system. These are mainly vegetable dishes and dishes from various cereals.

The diet menu for kidney diseases for a week approximately consists of the following dishes:

For breakfast - rice milk porridge, cheese with raisins, tea with honey;
For the second breakfast - cottage cheese pudding, rosehip broth;
For lunch - vegetable puree soup, boiled meat, compote;
For dinner - steamed fish cakes, cottage cheese casserole with pasta, a glass of low-fat milk;
Before going to bed - a glass of kefir;

For breakfast - buckwheat porridge with milk, carrot cutlets, tea with honey;
For the second breakfast - boiled fish and mashed potatoes;
For lunch - vegetarian borscht, boiled poultry meat, apple compote;
For dinner - meat casserole, cottage cheese with sugar, tea with milk;

For breakfast - vinaigrette, boiled fish, cottage cheese with sour cream, a glass of tomato juice;
For lunch - milk soup with vermicelli, rice with boiled veal, cherry compote;
For dinner - potato casserole, oatmeal with fruit;
Before going to bed - a glass of curdled milk;

For breakfast - rice milk porridge, cheese with raisins, tea;
For the second breakfast - cottage cheese casserole;
For lunch - vegetable soup, boiled meat with buckwheat porridge, apple compote;
For dinner - steam cutlets from fish, pasta casserole, a glass of milk;
Before going to bed - a glass of kefir;

5th day

For breakfast - vegetable pilaf, cottage cheese with sour cream, fruit juice;
For the second breakfast - cottage cheese, kefir with sugar;
For lunch - vegetable soup with chicken, boiled veal, apple compote;
For dinner - cottage cheese casserole with rice, rosehip broth;
Before going to bed - prunes, dried apricots, raisins;

For breakfast - buckwheat milk porridge, boiled beets, rosehip broth;
For the second breakfast - mashed potatoes with boiled fish;
For lunch - vegetarian borscht, boiled meat, fruit juice;
For dinner - meat casserole, tea with honey;
Before going to bed - a glass of kefir;

For breakfast - milk porridge from semolina, tea;
For the second breakfast - vinaigrette, oatmeal porridge with fruit, milk;
For lunch - mashed potato soup, boiled meat, fruit jelly;
For dinner - cottage cheese casserole, apple pancakes, compote;
Before going to bed - a glass of kefir.

This diet menu for kidney diseases is advisory in nature and can be changed or supplemented by a dietitian.

Some diseases require compliance certain rules in nutrition, following a diet that would help diseased organs do their job better, and the body get everything it needs.

One of the most vulnerable organs in the human body are the kidneys, because they clean the blood around the clock from harmful substances that come with food.

What should be the diet for kidney disease?

Since kidney diseases lead to a deterioration in their work, the body tends to slagging, the accumulation of harmful substances. This means that the diet for diseased kidneys should reduce the load on the kidneys so that they are able to cleanse the body. Also, the products for the most part should be such that they do not increase the likelihood of the formation of harmful substances. Since the kidneys are responsible for various metabolic processes in the body, nutrition should also be aimed at correcting violations in these processes.

What should be taken into account?

It is better to eat in small portions, but more often (at least four times a day), then the load on the kidneys will be more even,
If a lot of protein is excreted in the urine, then the amount of protein in the diet should be increased,
With signs of renal failure, the amount of protein is reduced,
In the presence of edema and increased blood pressure, you need to reduce or eliminate salt intake, reduce the amount of fluid you drink

What is bad for the kidneys?

salty foods,
Lots of animal protein
Spicy dishes,
All fried and smoked
canned food,
Alcohol,
Coffee, soda.

The most important item is salt. Products with great content salts are harmful not only for patients, but also for healthy kidneys. If there is kidney disease, then it is simply necessary to significantly limit salt intake, or even completely eliminate it from the diet. This means that you should not eat semi-finished products and fast food, since all such dishes are prepared with the addition of a large amount of salt. Water is retained due to salt, which leads to the formation of edema. In addition, too much sodium contributes to the excretion and loss of potassium, and this worsens the functioning of the heart muscle and blood vessels.

Animal protein is the food that, when broken down, forms slags and toxins. The more we eat animal protein (especially meat), the more we load our kidneys. It is harmful for the kidneys to consume a large amount of offal, especially the liver, since increased content iron is bad for the kidneys. Of course, eliminating animal protein completely will be good for the kidneys, but it can cause other problems, so it is usually recommended to simply limit meat and dairy products. Old beef and pork are considered especially harmful for diseased kidneys; meat broths.

Spicy foods are not recommended, as they irritate the body during excretion. urinary tract may also contribute to stone formation. Fried and smoked foods also irritate the excretion of urine, burden the kidneys, because from their processing there are many harmful substances that the kidneys need to remove. In the same way, coffee and any carbonated drinks act on the kidneys. Mineral water can also be harmful to the kidneys, it all depends on its composition.

As for alcohol, it is a known poison that destroys cells, including the kidneys. Regular consumption of large amounts of alcohol is a path to chronic renal failure.

What is good for the kidneys?

Healthy diet for the kidneys should include certain products that keep the kidneys in a "working" state. Be sure to include in the diet fresh vegetables and fruits, which are rich in potassium and vitamin A, have a diuretic effect. Vegetable dishes should be either raw or boiled, baked potatoes are very useful.

For kidney disease, include in the diet:

Carrot,
pumpkin,
melon,
Watermelon,
Bell pepper,
Fresh herbs (except spinach and celery), cilantro is especially useful,
dried apricots,
Prunes.

Fish and seafood can be a good alternative to meat. This is an excellent source of "light" protein, minerals. Iodine and fatty acid contained in fish improve the functioning of the kidneys, help them to better cope with their excretory function.

What else can be used for kidney disease?

Soups, vegetable and dairy,
various cereals,
boiled lean meat,
Dairy products, cottage cheese,
Bakery products,
Honey, jam.

If it is necessary to prescribe a diet for patients with kidney disease, the so-called table number 7 is usually prescribed. The diet of this diet is suitable for those who have been diagnosed with kidney problems, but so far there are no signs of chronic renal failure.

tvoyaybolit.ru

What are the basic rules for treating a person?

After the diagnosis is made, a patient with kidney problems is prescribed treatment, which is based on special diet. The most effective is considered low-protein. The diet for kidney disease is based on the consumption of a minimum amount of protein foods and salt. The latter product can retain fluid in the body and provoke the appearance of sand in the kidneys. When following a diet, it is important to adhere to following recommendations doctors:

eat food in small portions, eat at least 5 times a day;
eat according to the time schedule of meals;
drink 1.5 liters of liquid per day (tea, juice, decoctions, etc.);
salt food not in the process of cooking, but in portions, in a plate;
increase consumption of vegetables and fruits;
do not use spices, spices, garlic and onions in recipes;
do not eat fatty and heavy meals for the kidneys.

By following these rules, you can avoid the use of drugs and speed up the healing process. The diet for sick kidneys should be regular, concessions in clinical nutrition can only do harm. However, if the kidneys do not stop hurting during treatment and adherence to diet therapy, doctors prescribe painkillers to drink. Medicines such as Tramadol, Diclofenac, Ketorol can relieve pain. When a kidney hurts, nephrologists recommend, in addition to taking medications, to put warm compresses.

With problems with the kidneys, a decoction of lemon balm, mint and chamomile helps.

traditional healers think that better than drugs drink decoctions and infusions. But which plant should you choose? A patient with one kidney and various diseases urinary organs, it will be useful to drink a decoction of caraway fruits, marshmallow root, mint leaves and buckthorn bark. Helps with kidney problems decoction of lemon balm, mint and chamomile inflorescences. It will take 1 tbsp. l. herbs brewed in 250 ml of water.

Back to index

Specialized diet for kidney disease

In the treatment of kidney ailments, the patient is required to follow a therapeutic diet, which nutritionists call table number 7. This diet will relieve pain, improve well-being. Before prescribing a diet for kidney disease, a person needs to pay attention to accompanying symptoms because every disease has its own symptoms. Most pathologies do not need strict food restrictions, only the consumption of salt, pepper and alcohol is reduced. The medicinal dishes of table No. 7 for kidney ailments are the same for both women and men.

For pain in the kidneys, a menu is required that will reduce irritation and relieve inflammatory processes. Food should be balanced, with a proportional ratio of fats, proteins, vitamins, carbohydrates and trace elements. However, when the kidneys hurt, the protein is included in the recipes of table number 7 in a limited amount. It is necessary to drink liquids no more than 1.5 liters per 24 hours.

It is important to consider the calorie content of food.

Compliance with diet therapy for kidney disease requires taking into account the calorie content of food. In this regard, most people are wondering: how many calories can you consume per day so as not to complicate the work of the kidneys and liver? Nutritionists say that for people with pathologies of these organs daily rate calories should not exceed 3000 kcal. cannot be neglected and chemical composition consumed meals. Per day you need to eat 70 g of protein, 90 g of fat and 400 g of carbohydrates (of which 80 g of sugars). As can be seen from the figures presented, carbohydrates predominate, due to their ability to increase the effectiveness of treatment.

Back to index

Water and salt regime

What diet is preferable for salts in the kidneys, pyelonephritis, renal failure and other similar diseases of the urinary system? According to doctors, with these pathologies, it is important to regulate the amount of fluid and salt consumed. If a healthy people it is useful to drink more than 2 liters of juices, compotes per day, then how much you need to drink when kidney pain Or a person with one kidney? You can drink no more than 1.5 liters of liquid per day, this also includes juices, teas, boils, etc. If this recommendation is neglected, the patient is threatened additional load on an organ that is not able to work at full capacity. How much water is allowed to drink with one kidney? AT this case you can drink up to one liter, otherwise there will be a risk of water intoxication.

When the kidney hurts, diet recipes exclude the addition of salt, since the load from this product can lead to serious violations organ work. Dishes are salted in minimal quantities immediately before use. With an exacerbation kidney disease Nephrologists recommend completely abandoning salted foods.

Back to index

Protein food restrictions

You should reduce your intake of protein foods.

Diet table number 7 is primarily based on a reduction in the number of foods that are dominated by protein. In this regard, a protein-free diet for kidney disease consists in eating the least amount of fish, eggs, cottage cheese, cheese, legumes and meat. Do not forget that protein is a building material for cells, therefore, despite the limitations, it is wrong to completely delete it from the menu. With a low-protein diet, it is forbidden to eat fatty fish and meat, as well as fry them and supplement them with various spices (garlic, onion, pepper, etc.).

The diet for kidney failure is different from nutrition for other pathologies of the urinary system, and requires a reduction in the consumption of protein products to 30–40 g per 24 hours. A low-protein diet significantly improves general state and ease the course of the disease. If the patient's renal functioning is slightly impaired, then with proper treatment, it is not necessary to follow a low-protein diet, it is enough to do cleansing days 1-2 times a week.

Back to index

Diet and pregnancy

What kind of nutrition for kidney pain should women in position? During pregnancy, it is important for expectant mothers to be especially careful with various kinds diseases of the urinary system. Exacerbation of renal ailments can cause miscarriage, fetal death. The complexity of treatment during pregnancy is the ban on many drugs. Therefore, a diet for the kidneys during pregnancy is especially important. Diet tables exclude fatty, fried, salty and peppered. Healthy food steamed, boiled or baked.

Pregnant women need to drink at least 2 liters of fluid per day.

The diet for kidney failure, pyelonephritis and other problems of the urinary system in pregnant women is the same as in other patients. The menu should not contain products such as onions, mushrooms, garlic, sorrel, fresh pastries, coffee, cocoa and strong tea. You need to drink at least 2 liters of liquid per day and eat at least 4 times. It is allowed to use cereals and pasta of all kinds, milk, kefir, yogurt, fruits and vegetables, as well as black bread and pancakes without baking. During pregnancy, it is useful to drink with pain in the kidneys pomegranate juice, cranberry broth, rosehip infusion and dried fruit compotes will also not be superfluous.

Back to index

Allowed and prohibited foods

Kidneys can hurt as a result of non-compliance with the requirements treatment table. Useful menu with exacerbation of pain in the urinary organs, it implies a complete rejection of alcohol, as an exception, red wine is allowed, but not more than a glass 1-2 times a month. You can not eat the following foods:

chocolate;
cocoa;
mushrooms;
spices,
kvass;
garlic;
legumes;
fatty milk, cottage cheese;
sea fish, as it is considered oily.

Although beneficial features Garlic helps to increase immunity, and many are accustomed to eating it to prevent acute respiratory infections; you can’t use this vegetable for pain in the kidneys. In recipes diet menu garlic is not allowed to be used, as it has irritant effect on the kidneys. With an exacerbation of kidney ailments, it is better to abandon radishes, sorrel, parsley and asparagus. You can not eat meat of fatty varieties, namely, goose, pork, lamb, duck.

When pain in the kidneys, you can not use garlic.

Nutrition for kidney disease is based on the following: useful products and dishes that help improve the patient's condition:

cereals;
potato;
lean meat;
milk;
River fish;
vegetarian soups;
cauliflower;
jelly, juice, compote;
fruit;
jam.

Back to index

cleansing days

In case of kidney problems, it is useful to periodically reduce the load on the body, making fasting days. Kidney unloading is prescribed only after complete examination and productions correct diagnosis. Throughout the day, only one type of product is consumed, which must necessarily be useful and acceptable for kidney disease. It is better to give preference to the fruit and berry table, having prepared 350-400 g of apples, pears, apricots. It is allowed to supplement the dish with honey or yogurt. It is necessary to consume cleansing food 5-6 times a day, observing equal time intervals. The most correct and useful diet for cleaning the kidneys is cucumber.

Back to index

Sample menu for the week

When the kidneys hurt, the patient is assigned table number 7, which helps to get rid of painful symptoms and speeds up the healing process. It is difficult for many to get used to proper nutrition, as they have to radically change their usual diet. Therefore, it is recommended to write sample recipes a week ahead and stick to them throughout the therapeutic course, periodically rearranging and adding new dishes.

An example menu might look like this:

Day number 1. Breakfast - milk rice porridge, cheese. At noon - vegetable cream soup, boiled breast. Dinner - steamed fish cutlets, pasta. Pudding, any allowed fruit, casserole, biscuit cookies are served as snacks. After each meal, you must drink liquid. It can be decoctions, compotes, kefir, yogurt, juices, tea with honey.
Day number 2. The first meal - buckwheat with milk, carrot cutlets. Lunch - cabbage soup, meat soufflé. Dinner - meat casserole, cottage cheese with honey.
Day number 3. Breakfast - vegetarian pilaf, soufflé. Lunch - soup with turkey, barley porridge. Dinner - steam omelette, boiled veal.
Day number 4. In the morning - vegetable salad, fish, tomato juice and curd mass. At noon - milk soup, rice with veal. Evening meal- oatmeal with banana, potato casserole.
Day number 5. Breakfast - curd mass with raisins, dairy wheat porridge. Lunch - low-fat borscht, buckwheat porridge with lean meat. Dinner - fish cakes, pasta.
Day number 6. The first meal - barley milk porridge, boiled beets. Lunch - lean borscht, boiled chicken breast. Dinner - meat soufflé.
Day number 7. Breakfast - semolina. At noon - mashed potato soup, steam cutlets. Evening meal - pudding, pancakes with caramelized apples.

Back to index

Some recipes

At painful sensations in the kidneys, it is recommended to use rosehip jelly. To prepare it, you need to make 2 tbsp. infusion of tart berries. Next, take ½ cup of the finished broth, dissolve in it 2 tbsp. l. sugar, bring to a boil and pour into the remaining liquid. Separately, pour a small spoonful of gelatin with some water, and after half an hour add it to the infusion. It is required to bring the ingredients to a boiling point, then put the resulting liquid to cool. No less useful is a fruit soup. To prepare it, you need to peel and cut into small cubes of 20 g of pears, melons, apples and peaches. Pour boiling water over the peel and seeds, boil and insist. Next, add sugar, strain and put fruit cubes and previously cooked rice into the finished liquid. When all the components are assembled, the soup is boiled for 5-7 minutes, after which it is poured into plates and seasoned with sour cream.

etopochki.ru

In kidney disease, diet plays an important role, it can optimize metabolism. Proper nutrition is one of the components of the treatment of kidney diseases. Any kidney disease can lead to disruption of the body systems, various organs. This is due to changes such as:

- violation of water-electrolyte and acid-base balance,

- accumulation of metabolic products in the blood.

The above changes cause symptoms such as:

— the appearance of edema,

- the development of intoxication of the body with its own metabolic products,

- increased blood pressure.

A strict diet for diseased kidneys (its name is diet No. 7) is prescribed for patients with chronic renal failure, with nephrotic syndrome, glomerulonephritis. For other kidney diseases, a strict diet is not required, it is only necessary to reduce the use of spices, salt, hot spices, and alcoholic beverages.

We will tell you about the indications for diet number 7. Such a diet is used for terminal renal failure, hyperuricemia.

The chemical composition of diet number 7: seventy grams of protein, four hundred and fifty grams of carbohydrates, ninety grams of fat. The total calorie content of the diet is two thousand eight hundred kilocalories per day. Mostly in the diet, protein should be of vegetable origin.

The diet for diseased kidneys involves a significant reduction in the amount of protein that comes with food. As a result of protein metabolism, nitrogenous slags are formed, which are hardly removed by the affected kidneys, and gradually accumulate in the blood. But protein is a building material for the cells of the body, so the diet for diseased kidneys is not a complete exclusion from the diet, but only its restriction.

Diet for kidney disease: allowed the use of low-fat varieties of fish, meat (in small amount). Fish, meat cannot be fried, only boiled, stewed. With sick kidneys, you can eat chicken eggs. In chronic renal failure, the amount of protein per day should be from twenty to fifty grams of the patient's weight, the stage of the disease.

Important: a strict diet without protein in kidney disease should be observed for no more than fourteen days, because the patient's well-being may worsen from a sharp restriction of protein foods.

With minor violations of kidney function, protein restrictions in the diet are not required. It is advisable to arrange fasting days once or twice every seven days.

An important point in the diet for affected kidneys is the caloric content of the diet. It must be high, not less than three and a half thousand kilocalories per day. Most diet nutrition should be carbohydrates, fats. A lower calorie content of food can lead to the fact that the body begins to consume not only fats, but also its own proteins. Nutrition for kidney disease should be fractional, regular. It is best to eat small portions up to six times a day.

An important point in the diet for kidney disease is salt restriction. But it must be limited when kidney disease leads to significant edema, increased blood pressure. In this case, the dishes are not salted during cooking, and when eating food, the patient should add a small amount of salt (three grams per day). Keep in mind that many foods already contain a large amount of salt. For example, bread. It is recommended to buy unsalted special pastries, or bake your own bread. During a diet with diseased kidneys, you can not eat purchased sausages, hard cheese, sausages, pickles, smoked meats, marinades. If you follow a strict diet with affected kidneys, you can not eat salted fish, drink cocoa, mineral water high mineralization.

If you follow a diet with diseased kidneys, you need to exclude from the diet foods that are rich in potassium, phosphorus: offal, bananas, nuts.

If you follow a diet for kidney diseases, the following products are allowed: weak coffee (tea), boiled, stewed, fresh vegetables, fruits, berries, rosehip broth, cereals, pasta, jelly, vegetable soups, compotes, kefir, butter, sour cream , vegetable oil, curdled milk.

Now let's talk about prohibited foods when following a diet for kidney disease. The diet for sick kidneys provides for restriction, exclusion from the diet of such foods: spicy, spicy dishes, chicken, meat broths, radishes, mushrooms, legumes, onions, garlic, chocolate.

These foods contain essential oils that irritate the kidney tissue. When cooking, you can use cinnamon, Bay leaf, lightly fried onion.

The diet (diet) for kidney disease should include products with a diuretic effect. This category includes: dried apricots, zucchini, watermelons, pumpkin, apricots, cucumbers, melons, raisins, lettuce, prunes. If you follow a diet with diseased kidneys, eat salads from fresh vegetables more often.

Important rules when following a diet for kidney disease. With diseased kidneys, it is very important to control not only food, but also the way food is taken. This approach will help you avoid many mistakes. Here are a few rules when following a diet with affected kidneys:

1) fluid intake per day should not exceed the norm of one and a half liters. This number includes tea, soups and so on.

2) Try to eat at the same time (the main rule of the diet).

3) Eat small meals up to six times a day.

4) With diseased kidneys, you can not salt food. Salt can be replaced with lemon juice, vinegar and other acidic additives.

5) When following a diet for kidney disease, vegetables should be in the diet!

6) When dieting, give up alcoholic beverages!

By following these rules, you can easily overcome any disease! Repeat the diet rules regularly!

Here sample menu diets for kidney disease.

- The first breakfast of the diet: a slice of yesterday's bread, a salad of boiled vegetables with sour cream, butter, fresh cottage cheese (as recommended by a doctor), sweet tea.

- The second breakfast of the diet: fresh fruit juice, a portion of buckwheat with butter, a steam omelette.

- Diet lunch: boiled meat, vegetarian borscht with sour cream (half portion), mashed potatoes.

- Diet dinner: fruit jelly, rice cakes with raisins.

- Before going to bed: salt-free cookies, sweet juice.