When the stomach hurts. Severe diarrhea for a week. There are two forms of the disease

All the causes that cause abdominal pain and diarrhea can be conditionally divided into three large groups: poisoning, inflammatory processes and infectious diseases. A separate group includes diseases that are not directly related to gastrointestinal problems, but only have certain symptoms in the form of diarrhea and abdominal pain.

poisoning

This reason is the most common. It is caused by eating expired or poor-quality food. Poisonings come in varying degrees of severity. Diarrhea, sharp pain in the abdomen and a temperature lasting more than 2 days, this is a reason for an immediate visit to the hospital, because. signals inflammatory processes or acute intestinal infection. If diarrhea occurs without an increase in body temperature, then this indicates ordinary poisoning, which, as a rule, goes away on its own after the body gets rid of unnecessary toxins and toxins. It is important to observe the diet here. Eliminate foods that provoke diarrhea and drink more liquids, because. during loose stools, the body loses a lot of water, which in turn is fraught with dehydration.

Attention! During diarrhea, drink at least 3 liters of fluid per day to avoid dehydration

Inflammatory processes

One of the most dangerous diseases inflammatory nature is appendicitis. Many people mistakenly think that appendicitis necessarily raises body temperature. In fact, appendicitis very often proceeds without fever. This disease is characterized by dull or sharp pains in the abdomen, usually concentrated around the umbilical region. Possible diarrhea or vomiting. The pain does not go away with a change in body position and can only increase over time. After a few hours, the pain may shift either down the abdomen or to the right side. There is dryness in the mouth, the heartbeat quickens. It is important to provide timely medical care to the patient in time.

Colitis and enterocolitis. These diseases are associated with inflammatory processes occurring in the large and small intestines. Manifested in the form of acute pain in the abdomen, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, false urges, flatulence. The chair is liquid, sometimes with blood streaks. After a bowel movement, a slight relief is felt. Most often, the cause of these diseases is the improper functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, nutritional errors, the abuse of heavy and fatty foods, hereditary nature, climate change. The basis of treatment is the timely intake of sorbents: "", "", " Enterosgel«, « Phosphalugel» or ordinary activated carbon. They also take drugs to eliminate increased gas formation in the intestines, which is one of the causes of sharp pain when gas bubbles press on the intestinal walls. The group of drugs that eliminate flatulence include: Espumizan«, « Passagex". To relieve pain, you can take medications belonging to the group of antispasmodics: "", " Duspatalin«, « Neobutin«, « Iberogast«.

Cholecystitis, pancreatitis, JVP. These diseases are both acute and chronic. But in both cases, they are accompanied by severe abdominal pain, nausea and diarrhea. With cholecystitis, pain is localized on the right, with pancreatitis at the top of the abdomen. For cholecystitis, pancreatitis and JVP, belching is characteristic, constant feeling nausea, upset stool, lack of appetite. With inflammation of the gallbladder, pancreas, drugs containing enzymes are taken: Mezim«, « Festal«, « Pancreatin«.

For women, abdominal pain and stool disorder may indicate ectopic pregnancy, inflammation of the ovaries and appendages. These diseases require immediate medical attention. Also, the above symptoms may indicate the approach of menstruation. Due to hormonal changes in the body, the uterus increases in size and presses on the walls of the intestine, which causes pain and diarrhea. This state before critical days does not require medical attention and disappears on its own in 1-2 days after the onset of menstruation. If the stool disorder and abdominal pain do not go away on their own or after taking medications belonging to the group of sorbents and antispasmodics, then it is worth visiting a gynecologist and gastroenterologist.

Diseases of an infectious nature

In the first place among diseases of an infectious nature, accompanied by pain in the abdomen and diarrhea, goes intestinal or rotavirus infection, also called intestinal flu. Most often, diseases of an infectious nature are accompanied by an increase in body temperature. But they can also run normal temperature. In addition to acute pain and frequent stools (sometimes up to 10-15 times a day), there is a lack of appetite, intolerance to certain odors, and severe weakness.

Dysentery. A very dangerous infectious disease caused by Shigella bacteria. Dysentery has the same symptoms as Rota. viral infection. But there are still distinctive features. With rotavirus, copious frequent stools, and with dysentery, stools are much less common. In dysentery, stools with mucus and streaks of blood.

Like any infectious disease, dysentery and rotavirus infection are treated with antiviral drugs: Cycloferon«, « Kagocel". Sorbents are also prescribed: " Enterofuril«, ««, « Enterol". Antibiotics for viral infections are not prescribed.

Attention! With intestinal infections, it is important to start treatment on time and seek help from a specialist.

Video - Causes of vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain

Other causes of diarrhea and abdominal pain

1. IBS or irritable bowel syndrome. AT last years This disease is classified mental disorders that appear in the body in response to stress, anxiety, excitement. The key to successful treatment of IBS is constant monitoring by a psychotherapist and the use of sedatives. If discomfort occurs, sorbents and antispasmodics can be taken.

   

2. heart attack. Very often, with a heart attack, patients experience severe abdominal pain and diarrhea.

   

   

3. Intestinal obstruction. With intestinal obstruction, cramping and spastic pains in the lower abdomen and in the navel region are characteristic.

   

4. Crohn's disease, various ulcers and ulcerative colitis. With these diseases, there may be a disorder of the stool and severe pain in the abdomen. The chair is usually blood impurities and slime. Sometimes body temperature may rise.

   

5. Oncological diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. On the early stages diarrhea and sharp pains can serve as the first signals of malfunctions in the body.

   

6. Pregnancy. In connection with hormonal changes that occurs in a woman's body, abdominal pain and diarrhea (against the background of delayed menstruation) may be present in the first trimester of pregnancy. With various pathologies, this condition can also be observed in the third trimester.

   

Attention! This group of diseases has completely different causes of diarrhea and abdominal pain, so it should be treated by other specialists.

Treatment regimen

1. Drink plenty of water, at least 3 liters of pure water per day.
2. Timely intake of necessary drugs.
3. Bed rest.
4. Exclusion from the diet of harmful and junk food.
5. Strict health monitoring.
6. If the condition worsens, a mandatory consultation with a specialist is required to determine the cause of the disease, diagnose and pass necessary analyzes (general analysis blood, which shows the presence or absence of an inflammatory process in the body, analysis of feces and urine, ultrasound abdominal cavity) to exclude various pathologies.

Medical treatment

ethnoscience

1. 1 tbsp dill seeds pour a glass of boiling water, let it brew for 10-15 minutes. Drink instead of tea. The decoction relieves spasms, regulates intestinal motility, improves digestion.
2. Pour a handful of dry pomegranate peels with water, boil over low heat for 10-15 minutes. Then insist and take 2/3 cup after meals. pomegranate peel well-known remedy against diarrhea.
3. Soak crusts of dry rye bread in water for 15-20 minutes. Take a decoction 4-5 times a day for 2/3 cup.
4. Rice broth left after cooking rice is taken during the day for 1/2 cup.
5. Strong black tea. Brew regular black tea, add sugar (but not honey) and drink 3-4 times a day. Excellent remedy for diarrhea and dehydration.

Video - Causes and effects of persistent diarrhea

Prevention

1. Do not forget about the basic rules of hygiene. Be sure to wash your hands with soap after going outside.
2. Always carry wet antibacterial wipes and antiseptic liquid with you.
3. Wash fruits and vegetables thoroughly before eating.
4. Buy meat, fish and dairy products only from trusted suppliers.
5. Do not eat foods that have expired.
6. Store cooked food in the refrigerator.

These are either symptoms of an inflammatory process, or symptoms infectious disease. In both cases, the pain itself is only a symptom, as is the chill. Therefore, in order to get rid of these manifestations, it is required to cure the disease that causes them.

What are the symptoms of abdominal pain and chills?

When, with abdominal pain, chills are accompanied by diarrhea, vomiting, severe nausea and fever, this most likely indicates severe food poisoning or an intestinal infection (in especially severe cases, both diseases are possible at once). Both develop quickly, the first symptoms appear 3-5 hours after ingestion of contaminated or toxic food.

With a combination of dull pain in the abdomen, aching in the lower back and chills, inflammation of the kidneys is suspected. It is also accompanied strong weakness and change in urine color. Occurs within a few days after hypothermia or 1-2 weeks after a sore throat. If these symptoms occur, you should immediately consult a doctor.

Severe and piercing pains, combined with other symptoms (from fever to bloody diarrhea), probably signal a perforation of the ulcer. Also in women, they can signal ovarian apoplexy or ectopic pregnancy. In any case, it is necessary to call an ambulance immediately - because with these diseases, urgent medical intervention is necessary to save a life. Attempts to "pull time" in the hope that it "will resolve itself", with highly likely will lead to death.

If abdominal pain is combined with chills, fever and lack of stool, this indicates acute intestinal obstruction. It is especially likely if the above symptoms are accompanied by severe bloating, and the pain increases gradually and steadily - but feels like a throbbing. With this combination of symptoms, urgent medical attention is also necessary.

If severe cutting pain in the right side is accompanied by chills, fever and vomiting, this may indicate both appendicitis and gallstones. Stones are more likely if the pain spreads upward from the abdomen, and appendicitis is more likely if it starts at the navel and moves to the right. Both of these diseases are very dangerous, so you should see a doctor as soon as possible.

Abdominal pain and chills as symptoms of pancreatitis

This is called inflammation of the pancreas. Pancreatitis is divided into 2 subspecies:

• spicy
• and chronic.

It is for the acute form of the disease that a sharp pain in the abdomen, fever and chills are characteristic. Also, symptoms of pancreatitis are frequent vomiting, nausea, and impaired stool.

Most often, acute pancreatitis is the result of an allergic reaction that causes swelling of the pancreas. The causes of an allergic reaction can be very different and unpredictable, for example, to food, or to antibacterial agents (powders, detergents), or to medicines.

The main syndromes of pancreatitis:

inflammatory

and pain syndromes

intoxication syndrome,

with concomitant pathology - impaired motility of the biliary tract.

Relief of pain and chills in pancreatitis

Treatment of pancreatitis is based on the maximum unloading of the pancreas. Bed rest is combined with fasting for 1-3 days. Appoint

• infusion therapy(isotonic sodium chloride solution, glucose solution, vitamins),
• in severe form Glucocorticoids, antispasmodics(No-shpa, Papaverine),
• proteolytic enzyme inhibitors(Trasilol, Kontrykal),
• replacement therapy(Pancreatin, Mezim-forte),
• vitamins,
• choleretic agents,
• according to indications antihistamines,
• antibiotics,
• antispasmodics from stomach pain
• and antipyretics with fever and chills.

There are a huge number of reasons why the stomach can hurt, ranging from banal overeating to serious pathologies of the digestive system. Surprisingly, even myocardial infarction sometimes causes pain in the epigastric region.

In the stomach, or rather, in the abdominal cavity, the vital organs of a person are concentrated. It is not for nothing that the ancient Slavs attached the same meaning to the words "stomach" and "life". However, if earlier people hardly got their own food, spending a lot of time and effort on it, then in the modern world a person does not bear such energy losses. However, the desire to eat tasty and dense remains unchanged. Therefore, it is not surprising that the stomach often hurts precisely because of overeating. Although you can never be 100% sure that the cause of the pain lies precisely in the excessive consumption of food. Sometimes the stomach gives signals about other, more serious problems in the body.

The pain is concentrated in the center of the abdomen in its upper part (“it hurts in the pit of the stomach”). The causes of such pain can be varied.

Sensations: the pain is sharp, radiating to the sternum, and rumbling is heard in the abdomen. Based on these signs, gastritis can be suspected. Bacteria are the most common cause of inflammation of the gastric mucosa. Helicobacter pylori. They irritate the walls of the stomach, and excessive production of hydrochloric acid, which is released in response to irritation, leads to the development of inflammation.

Gastritis is of two types:

• Hyperacid, which develops against the background of increased acidity of gastric juice.

  Hypoacid, which occurs against the background of low acidity of gastric juice. The cause of inflammation is impaired digestion of food and its decay in the stomach. In addition, such an environment is ideal for the reproduction of Helicobacter pylori.

These symptoms are characteristic of irritable bowel syndrome. The cause of this disorder is hidden in psychosomatic disorders.

In some cases, such symptoms characterize either gastroduodenitis.

With an increase in body temperature and the addition of vomiting, it is necessary to take enterosorbents and drink as much clean water as possible. Be sure to see a doctor for a diagnosis.

The pain is concentrated in the lower abdomen: in the center, right or left. Sensations: pain of a pulling nature. Similar symptoms most often indicate adnexitis, or irritable bowel syndrome. Other possible causes of pain: ectopic pregnancy, inflammation of the bladder, endometriosis. Similar state requires examination by a gynecologist.

Often, when abdominal pain occurs, people take enzymatic preparations, often without even understanding how they work. Enzymes are essential for the normal digestion of food. They are produced by the body itself. Some of them are activated only when interacting with coenzymes (they come with food in the form of vitamins and trace elements).

Digestive enzymes are very unstable substances, they are destroyed at high temperatures. Therefore, with an increase in body temperature, most people lose their appetite. When a person eats a lot of acidic foods, this leads to an increase in the acidity of gastric juice and enzymes die. When overeating, enzymes are simply not enough to cope with large volumes of food.

Enzymes for stomach pain can help to cope with the digestion of food. Periodically, they can be taken, which makes it possible to alleviate the condition and prevent food from rotting in the stomach and intestines. For example, this is true when overeating or during an intestinal infection. However, when a person takes enzymes for permanent basis and cannot do without them, this indicates serious errors in nutrition and a failure in the digestive system. For a solution to the problem, you must consult a doctor.

If the pain in the abdomen is very severe, then you should immediately call an ambulance team.

Until the doctors arrive at the scene, you need to adhere to following recommendations:

Refuse any food. It would be a mistake to eat liquid porridge or drink milk, because it is not known what exactly provoked abdominal pain. It is possible that a person has an attack of acute pancreatitis or appendicitis, and under these conditions, eating is strictly prohibited.

Must be accepted horizontal position, make yourself as comfortable as possible. As a rule, the fetal position allows you to relieve pain. Movement should be limited as much as possible.

It is better to refuse to take antispasmodics and analgesics, as this will make it difficult to make a correct diagnosis. In addition, some drugs can make you feel worse by causing bleeding or other complications.

Do not apply a hot heating pad or other warm compresses to the abdomen. This will lead to increased inflammation if the abdominal pain is caused by infectious processes. Cold helps relieve discomfort.

If your stomach hurts, you need to take the following steps:

Eat small meals, but often. You can't overeat.

You should stop drinking any drinks containing gas so as not to increase bloating.

Irritate the stomach drugs containing acetylsalicylic acid, as well as anti-inflammatory drugs. You need to completely eliminate alcohol.

3 hours before a night's rest, you should refuse to eat.

Cigarette smoke promotes increased production of hydrochloric acid, which will lead to an increase in the intensity of pain.

You should stop wearing tight clothes.

To reduce negative symptoms, you can take antacids. If you grind the tablets before taking, the effect will come faster.

Antacids. When overeating or eating spicy or fatty foods, you can take enzymes, drugs to normalize intestinal motility. Antacids are available from pharmacies without a prescription.

Useful information about these drugs:

Antacids may contain calcium. Some of them are food supplements to compensate for the deficiency of this trace element.

Antacids envelop the gastric wall and neutralize the irritating effect of hydrochloric acid on it. This can lead to the fact that other drugs will not be fully absorbed.

Antacids can cause loose stools or constipation.

If the person is at home, it is best to take the antacid at liquid form. It is more convenient to use tablets at work.

Antacids are designed to neutralize the destructive effect of hydrochloric acid on the walls of the stomach. These funds may contain calcium, magnesium, aluminum. Sometimes a combination of these components is present in the preparations.

In the shape of effervescent tablets, which must be dissolved in water, release sodium bicarbonate. A person's blood pressure may rise after taking this drug.

Bismuth subsalicylate has an enveloping effect. This substance protects the walls of the stomach, but weakly neutralizes hydrochloric acid.

Drugs to reduce the production of hydrochloric acid. Medicines from this group cannot neutralize hydrochloric acid; they are designed to prevent its excessive production by blocking receptor cells. These are drugs such as Ranitidine, Famotidine, Cimetidine, Nizatidine.

Drugs that block the last step in the production of hydrochloric acid. Omeprazole belongs to this group of drugs.

Drugs aimed at reducing gas formation in the intestines. One of the most effective drugs that reduce gas formation is Simethicone.

Preparations for the normalization of gastrointestinal motility. To relieve spasms, you can use Drotaverine or Mebeverine. The drug Domperidone allows you to adjust the work of the intestinal muscles and facilitate the passage of food masses through the organ.

In order not to harm your own health, before taking this or that drug, you should get medical advice. You can not, at your own discretion, take drugs aimed at suppressing the production of hydrochloric acid. In some cases, abdominal pain can be caused by completely different reasons, and making a diagnosis solely on the basis of symptoms is quite problematic. Therefore, when abdominal pain does not cease to disturb for two weeks or more, you need to visit a specialist.

What can not be done with abdominal pain?

If a person has abdominal pain, the following steps should not be taken:

Warm up the affected area. It is better to apply cold to the stomach.

Take painkillers until the doctor examines the person, as this complicates the diagnosis.

Tolerate pain, especially if it is accompanied by an increase in body temperature, vomiting, impaired consciousness. A serious danger is vomiting or diarrhea with blood. An ambulance must be called immediately.

In what cases should you immediately call an ambulance?

For abdominal pain, you should immediately call the doctors in the following situations:

The pain is intense, does not let you sleep, does not go away after 1-2 hours.

There is severe vomiting.

Body temperature is above 38.4 degrees.

The person loses consciousness.

Abdominal pain occurs in a pregnant woman.

The abdomen is tense, very hard to the touch.

There is blood in the stool or it looks black.

In the vomit there are pathological impurities (blood, foam, mucus, pus).

In addition to pain, a person suffers from prolonged vomiting and diarrhea, there are signs of dehydration.

Education: Diploma in the specialty "Medicine" received at the Russian State Medical University. N. I. Pirogova (2005). Postgraduate studies in the specialty "Gastroenterology" - educational and scientific medical center.

Abdominal pain is the most common type of pain not only in adults, but also in children. The causes of the appearance can be a variety of factors, ranging from diseases of organs localized directly in the abdomen, and ending with inflammatory processes in other internal organs. It is very important to distinguish the nature of spasms during diseases, from the pain that arose due to simple overeating. In the first case, a person will be disturbed by nausea and dizziness, diarrhea and weakness, pain below or above the navel, and in the second, a dull girdle pain.

Instances where spasms last less than a minute are not a cause for concern, but as a preventive measure, you should consult a doctor. Quite normal the occurrence of abdominal pain in the early stages of pregnancy is considered (later may mean an approaching birth). It is not uncommon for a child to have such a disorder due to excitement before a visit. educational institution- the occurrence of discomfort is caused by the influence nervous system on the gastrointestinal tract.

Girdle pain in the abdomen is often manifested during the first menstruation in girls. The place of occurrence of intense pain can also tell a lot not only to the person, but also to the doctor during the diagnosis. For example, soreness below the navel and the right side of the abdomen means that inflammation is starting - if it becomes sharp and unbearable, the intestinal process has probably ruptured. Pain on the left and above the navel - neoplasms in the large intestine.

Despite the wide variety of diseases and processes that affect the occurrence of spasms, they all manifest almost the same symptoms. The clinical picture may be accompanied by diarrhea, often with blood impurities, or general weakness organism. It should be noted that the intensity of the pain syndrome may vary.

Etiology

Abdominal pain is manifested by inflammation or damage internal organs. Discomfort is expressed as a result of exacerbation of their course. These disorders include:

• inflammation of appendicitis - for such an ailment there are several characteristic signs of manifestation, the main of which is nausea and incessant sharp pain that occurs in a certain place - with right side abdomen and below the navel. Every adult and child can be affected by this disorder. In children, most often there is a strong increase in temperature up to 39 degrees and dizziness;
• inflammatory process in the pancreas - accompanied by similar signs as with appendicitis, but additional symptoms also appear, such as diarrhea and pain spreading to the shoulders and shoulder blades. Cramps in the abdomen at the same time are shingles in nature;
• with an acute nature of the course - expressed by nausea, a sharp aversion to food and diarrhea;
• infectious or allergic disorders kidney function - frequent urge to urinate, dizziness, change in color and consistency of urine, body temperature above normal, shingles spasms;
• infections in the respiratory tract or inflammation of the tonsils in a child;
• and . Symptoms such as girdle pain, nausea, and bloody diarrhea may come and go intermittently;
• education - accompanied by fever, as well as spasms throughout the abdomen, but more often above the navel;
• malignant neoplasms in the digestive tract;
• hernia - while the pain will be expressed on the left side and below the navel;
• rupture of some internal organs, including the spleen, liver or ovaries;
• insufficient blood supply to the abdominal organs.

A group of disorders that are accompanied by the manifestation of abdominal pain:

• strong in a child - with such an ailment, girdle pain occurs in the entire abdomen, but worsens in the navel;
• in the digestive tract;
• lactose deficiency.

In addition, there are a number of factors that are not related to disease-causing processes in the internal organs:

Basically, the last group of reasons causes the appearance of a constant aching pain in a stomach.

Varieties

At the place of manifestation of the most intense sensations, pain can be:

• girdle pain throughout the abdomen;
• appearing above the pubis - women's problems with authorities reproductive system. Spasms at the same time can be non-intense, but in some cases become cutting;
• localized above or below the navel - diseases of the small intestine, inflammation of the appendix or hernia. The occurrence of pain in the navel during pregnancy is usually due to the growth of the fetus;
• extending to the back and groin - pathologies of the urinary system;
• abdominal pain on the right - indicates problems with the liver, gallbladder;
• arising from the left side - pancreatitis or peptic ulcer.

In addition, the nature of the pain can also tell a lot:

• sharp - sharp or;
• cutting -, ulcer, ectopic pregnancy;
• stupid - education. Along with nausea, it indicates early pregnancy;
• shingles - oncological neoplasms, kidney pathologies, chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

Whatever type of pain occurs, it is necessary to consult a specialist as soon as possible for a complete diagnosis and effective treatment.

Symptoms

Despite the fact that abdominal pain can be caused by a wide variety of factors, they will manifest themselves in approximately the same way - only the degree of intensity of accompanying symptoms will differ. The main symptoms are:

• an increase in body temperature - in an adult, it will be observed only with certain diseases, mainly acute course, and in a child with all disorders;
• bouts of severe dizziness and migraine;
• , alternating with diarrhea and vice versa;
• decreased or complete lack of appetite;
• discoloration of feces and urine;
• spread of pain in the lower back, shoulders, above and below the navel;
• nausea and vomiting (in some diseases with blood impurities);
• an increase in the volume of the abdomen;
• frequent urge to urinate;
• the acquisition of a pale skin tone;
• general weakness of the patient's body;
• sour belching;
• tension in the abdominal muscles;
• cardiopalmus;
• uncomfortable position of the body, which the patient takes to reduce the intensity of spasms.

If an adult or a child has one or more of the above symptoms, you should immediately call an ambulance, because without timely medical intervention, most diseases can lead to complications and even death.

The appearance of abdominal pain during pregnancy should not cause concern if it occurs rarely, does not cause discomfort and passes quickly. In addition, bouts of nausea and abdominal pain are the first signs that a female representative is about to become a mother. But if the pain is sharp and does not go away for a long time, this may indicate a threat of miscarriage. Symptoms of menstruation, especially if they appeared in a girl for the first time in her life, can be - severe dizziness, up to loss of consciousness, shortness of breath, girdle pain, which often radiates to the back, a slight increase in body temperature.

Diagnostics

In cases where abdominal pain is not very intense, a person can independently recognize a possible factor in the occurrence of this sensation. For this you need:

• take a horizontal position, lying on your back, and relax;
• try to determine where the pain is most severe. This is especially important to make a diagnosis because different localization, for example, below or above the navel, on the right or left side, is inherent in certain diseases. To do this, you need to carefully probe the entire abdomen with your fingers;
• attempt to describe the nature of the pain. It can be - sharp, sharp, dull, aching, cutting or girdle;
• determine what signs are accompanied by spasms - nausea, diarrhea, often alternating with constipation, fever, severe weakness and bouts of dizziness. Track the increase in their intensity when moving or coughing;
• try to remember what caused these unpleasant sensations. Were these diseases that occurred earlier, menstruation, severe stress or physical exercise, eating. Often, pain provokes pregnancy in the early stages.

These activities can be carried out by adults on their own. If a child has pain, the activities are carried out by his parents.

After receiving the results of all tests, the doctor can make several decisions in relation to the patient:

• urgent hospitalization - in cases of rupture of appendicitis, peptic ulcer, formation of stones or tumors, as well as in case of ectopic pregnancy;
• planned treatment in a hospital - mainly for disorders not directly related to diseases of the digestive tract;
• home treatment and monitoring of the patient - if a person asked for help at the very initial stage of symptoms, as well as in case of menstruation or pregnancy (in the early stages).

When the patient is a child, his treatment is carried out only in a hospital.

Treatment

The main therapy for abdominal pain is to eliminate the underlying disease. But this can only be done in a medical institution. Therefore, before the arrival of an ambulance, it is necessary to ensure complete rest for the victim, especially the child, in no case should they be given food. You can drink only cold purified water. Painkillers should not be used. After the patient is taken to the hospital and diagnosed, there are several possible treatment options:

• immediate operation - especially with a rupture of appendicitis, since purulent fluid can spread throughout the body, provoke blood poisoning and death of the patient. In addition, operations are prescribed for hernia, oncological neoplasms and ulcers, as well as for acute onset symptoms in a child, in particular, such as diarrhea with blood impurities, a critical increase in body temperature, heart palpitations;
• inpatient treatment - involves reducing the intensity of symptoms (for example, weakness, dizziness, or persistent nausea) with various medications, the selection of which depends on the underlying disease. In addition, for several days clinical setting it is necessary for a woman if pain occurs during pregnancy, especially in the early stages.

With the manifestation of pain in the lower abdomen during menstruation, girls and women are prescribed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and drugs that reduce the intensity of spasms. In some cases, a special diet can help relieve pain during menstruation, it is only a few days to give up alcohol and smoking, as well as fatty and spicy foods. But in cases where such techniques did not alleviate the condition, and the pain during menstruation only intensified, and additional symptoms appeared, such as cramps above the navel and an increase in body temperature, you should consult a doctor.

But these are only general methods of therapy, treatment is prescribed individually for each patient, depending on the intensity of pain and their localization.

Many people, when experiencing abdominal pain and diarrhea, do not immediately assume worst options development of events. Moreover, most simply ignore the problem in the hope that the discomfort will pass without any effort. It is assumed that the intestines will be freed from excess, and the condition will return to normal. Unfortunately, this is not always possible. To restore the normal functioning of the body, it is necessary to thoroughly study the causes that caused the pathology.

Abdominal pain and diarrhea

Types of abdominal pain with diarrhea

to install correct diagnosis, the patient should describe in detail to the doctor the pain that he experiences. This is a necessary condition, since the syndrome can be multiple, expressed by different sensations, localized in various fields peritoneum. The most common types of pain:

The main causes of diarrhea

Attention! Many causes of stomach discomfort are related to the foods that a person consumes. Therefore, the appearance of some symptoms may prompt a person that some of them should be excluded from the diet.

If we talk about the food consumed, often the causes of a sick stomach are allergies to certain types of edibles. Adults do not need to consume dairy products in large quantities, they are well absorbed and promote growth. child's body. At an older age, they negatively affect the intestinal microflora.

Excessive consumption of lactose by an adult, which is found in large quantities in milk, kefir, fermented baked milk, leads to a disruption in the normal balance of intestinal microflora, hence abdominal pain and diarrhea. In some cases, according to individual indications, a diet that excludes the use of lactose has to be followed for life.

What can cause diarrhea

Location of pain in diarrhea

The most noticeable pain syndrome in a particular area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe abdomen may indicate the presence of diseases:

Causes of pain depending on location

With the appearance of a sharp pain in the abdomen, accompanied by diarrhea, we can talk about a variety of pathologies. A presumptive diagnosis is based on additional symptoms:

1. Hyperthermia, mucous accumulations in the feces, feverish conditions indicate the presence of a viral infection in the body (salmonellosis, dysentery, typhoid fever).
2. A sharp increase in body temperature, unbearable pain in the navel, accompanied by diarrhea, suggests that a person has inflammation of the appendix or a hernia. Another probable cause is the exit of stones from the kidneys.

Video - Vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain

Abdominal pain and diarrhea in a child

Especially frightening for parents is soreness in the tummy and diarrhea in a child. It is much more difficult to diagnose a small patient than an adult. The kid cannot clearly articulate the nature of the pain, its localization, intensity. If such a nuisance happened to a child, it is not recommended to try to rid him of the ailment on his own. In this case best solution will be a visit to a doctor who will make the correct diagnosis using professional methods.

Considering in detail the possible diseases that may be present in a baby in an uncomfortable condition, the most characteristic ones can be distinguished.

1. Drinking plenty of fluids is recommended to avoid dehydration. You can also accept medicines that stop intestinal upset, for example, Regidron.
2. To reduce the intoxication of the body, it is better to take absorbent drugs (activated charcoal, a weak solution of potassium permanganate).
3. Do not eat unwashed fruits, vegetables or foods that are poorly digested by the intestines.
4. Probiotics, drugs with lactobacilli normalize the intestinal mucosa, with diarrhea, you can take them.
5. Folk remedies, such as walnut tincture, black bread soaked in water, potato starch, decoction oak bark also good for diarrhea.

Nutrition in violation of the intestinal microflora

Given the occurrence of additional symptoms, you should immediately visit a doctor. If unpleasant persist or worsen, it is recommended to call an ambulance. Arriving doctors will temporarily alleviate the condition, offer to go to the clinic for a full examination, treatment appointment.

After the diarrhea stops, it is recommended to stick to the diet for a while. It is advisable to exclude the use of fatty, fried, smoked, fermented milk products, flour products, sweets. If a problem occurs, it is advisable to consult a doctor for advice. Most likely, a diagnostic study of the causes of intestinal dysfunction will be prescribed, after which the main factor that provoked the pathology will be identified, and optimal treatment will be offered.

What if the child has abdominal pain and vomiting with accompanying symptoms (fever and diarrhea)?

The symptom of abdominal pain and nausea in a child is an alarm signal for parents. If the baby loses his appetite, does not want to eat, worries for no reason and turns pale, his hands and feet become cold, measures should be taken immediately. Mom needs to know what is the cause of such unpleasant symptoms, why the child has abdominal pain and vomiting, diarrhea or constipation, what factors can provoke a dangerous problem.

What ailments cause abdominal pain and vomiting?

The resulting nausea, abdominal pain and diarrhea are often the result of intoxication of the child's body. Perhaps the cause is an infiltrated infection or a toxin. Besides, similar signs with constipation may indicate surgical pathology. Only a specialist can distinguish the cause of the disease, it is difficult to establish a provocateur on your own, and it is not necessary - it is better to entrust the health of the baby to the doctor. Consider the different causes of danger signs.

Acute intestinal infection

Acute food poisoning or food intoxication, as an acute intestinal infection is otherwise called, occurs due to poisoning with contaminated, “dirty” foods. Manifests itself with pain in the abdomen, vomiting. With a prolonged gag reflex, pain intensifies, diarrhea or weak stools are added. You can recognize OKI in children by the following signs:

• frequent vomiting, which relieves the baby's condition for a short time;
• reusable diarrhea that provokes abdominal pain;
• dehydration of the body, accompanied by fever and the onset of general weakness;
• dry or wet skin(depending on the severity of the disease).

Treatment of the disease consists of taking antibiotics that neutralize the infection and relieve the inflammatory process. Can be assigned antiviral agents, in without fail intestinal sorbents and antiseptics are taken. All drugs are prescribed only by a doctor who correctly assesses the condition little patient and taking into account the individual characteristics of his body.

Respiratory infection

The source of the problem can also be a common ARVI, which has viral nature. The acute onset of the disease is manifested in a runny nose and cough, however, against the background of a rise in temperature, children begin to complain of pain in the abdomen, nausea, headache and vomiting. The usual way to treat SARS is to take antipyretics and antiviral drugs. Supplement the treatment course with immunostimulating therapy. If symptoms of abdominal or intestinal (intestinal) syndromes occur, fractional intake of an increased amount of fluid and exclusion of heavy foods from the child's diet is recommended so that constipation does not occur.

Intestinal obstruction

Similar phenomena accompany such an unsafe disease as intestinal obstruction. The presence of the disease can be assumed by the following signs:

• constipation;
• swollen abdomen with pain;
• vomiting and nausea that do not bring relief;
• overexcitability and insomnia;
• the presence of blood and mucous secretions in the feces of the child;
• no rise in temperature.

Observing all the listed symptoms, you should not draw independent conclusions, it is better to immediately show the baby to the doctor. A detailed examination will allow you to accurately establish the diagnosis and conduct the correct treatment.

If you suspect a serious complication, you should immediately call a doctor

Acute appendicitis

Another ailment that can manifest itself in a similar form. A familiar sore, but how much trouble and complications it can cause. The clinical picture of acute appendicitis in children is as follows:

• severe pain in the lower abdomen;
• pain syndrome in the back;
• the child is sick, after vomiting he is relieved;
• mucous membranes of the oral region are dry;
• diarrhea;
• rise in temperature to 40 degrees.

Having found such signs, it is necessary to establish the localization of pain: if the main pain focus is located in iliac region on the right, do not give the child antispasmodics. It is especially difficult to determine the disease in children 2-4 years old, when it is difficult for them to explain where their lower abdomen hurts. Call an ambulance and hospitalize the baby, because the only way The treatment for appendicitis is surgery to remove it.

Acute cholecystitis

Inflammation of the gallbladder or cholecystitis is caused by an infection brought into the body by staphylococci, enterococci, or E. coli. The disease is characterized by acute development, often manifests itself at night, when the child, feeling discomfort, wakes up and complains of pain in the right hypochondrium. Pain may extend to epigastric region. Children 2-3 years old feel severe diffuse pain, older patients complain of localized pain syndrome.

With cholecystitis, the child may wake up at night from pain

The clinical picture of pain indicates its spread to the region of the scapula, lower back, and right shoulder. In addition, an attack of cholecystitis causes vomiting and nausea, which become intense when eating. With such signs, the child is subject to hospitalization in the surgical department with constant medical supervision of his condition and the necessary therapeutic measures.

Acute gastritis

Gastritis announces itself with palpable pains in the abdomen, which are aggravated by eating sour foods and an empty stomach. The acute form of the disease occurs in children and shows itself with the following symptoms:

• the child is visibly worried;
• complains of general malaise;
• nausea, vomiting appears;
• heaviness in the stomach is felt, as if the child had overeaten;
• skin turns pale, visible on the tongue yellow coating, there is a sharp pain in the abdomen.

The disease is diagnosed by clinical signs, determine bed rest for the child, transfer to a diet and fractional fluid intake. Drug treatment consists in the removal of spasms, which are of a periodic nature. The further course of the disease is observed by a doctor and, if necessary, an effective treatment is prescribed. Prevention of gastritis is a balanced diet.

Gastritis is often diagnosed in modern children

stomach ulcer

Experts refer to gastric ulcer as a chronic disease that can develop rapidly, progress and lead to various complications. It manifests itself with the following symptoms:

• paroxysmal cutting pain that appears after eating;
• pain radiates to the back;
• the patient seeks to take a comfortable position so that the pain decreases;
• heartburn, manifested at night, and when the baby is hungry;
• vomiting and nausea are present painful spasms, after which the condition is relieved.

It is important for parents to know that it is not the ulcer itself that is dangerous, but the complications it can lead to. Experienced supervision is required.

Acetonemic syndrome

The syndrome means that the child's blood and urine are saturated with ketone bodies or acetone. Acetonemic syndrome occurs not by itself, but as a result of some disease, it can develop against a background of high temperature. The appearance of the syndrome is provoked by congenital diabetes or fermentopathy. It appears like this:

• the child is sick and vomits, after which there is a period of relief;
• diarrhea;
• cramping abdominal pain;
• anxiety and agitation are replaced by weakness and drowsiness.

Acetone can develop against the background of high body temperature

To diagnose the disease, it is enough to take a urine test at the clinic or conduct home testing using test strips. Therapeutic measures are aimed at normalizing the volume of blood circulating in the body by increasing drinking. Parents need to constantly monitor the temperature of the child and monitor his general condition.

Twelve Causes of Stomach Pain

Abdominal pain is one of the most common complaints. Often we do not pay attention to this, drink painkillers and forget about what can be a harbinger of serious illness. After all, not a single pain occurs just like that ... Today we will tell you what can cause various pains in the abdomen.

First of all, it is necessary to correctly determine what hurts. To do this, lie on your back and gently press your fingers on your stomach to find the place where you feel the most pain.

The pain can be aching, squeezing, bursting, dull, sharp and dagger. It can be aggravated by bending over, coughing, and accompanied by other symptoms. The most dangerous - dagger pain - very sharp, as if every time they stick a knife. This may be a manifestation of acute inflammation. With such pain, it is urgent to call a doctor. And before arrival, you can put a plastic bag with ice.

1. Acute appendicitis: first it hurts at the top of the abdomen and near the navel, then the pain covers the entire abdomen, and after a couple of hours it can be localized to the right lower abdomen. The pain is constant, aching in nature. When it fades, do not relax - it may be a rupture of the intestine.

What to do: call a doctor immediately

2. Acute pancreatitis(inflammation of the pancreas): severe pain in the upper abdomen, may radiate to the shoulders, shoulder blades, or have a girdle character. Nausea and vomiting may occur, also accompanied by dryness and an unpleasant aftertaste in the mouth.

What to do: urgently call "emergency help".

3. Acute gastritis (inflammation of the stomach): pain in epigastric region, feeling of heaviness after eating, there may be nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite and belching.

What to do: Go see a gastroenterologist.

4. intestinal colic: sharp, cramping, severe pain around the navel. May be accompanied by weakness and chills.

What to do: Take a spasm pill and lie down. Do not abuse coffee, chocolate, spicy foods and do not overeat.

5. Inflammation of the kidneys: severe back pain accompanied by high fever.

What to do: call a doctor immediately.

6. Departure of a stone from the kidney: acute severe pain in the lower back, can give to the perineum and be accompanied by frequent urination.

What to do: take a pill for spasms, take a hot bath. If there is blood in the urine, call an ambulance.

7. Diseases of the stomach and duodenum: periodic pain, sometimes strong, then aching, usually in the navel and "under the spoon". May occur after eating and be accompanied by a feeling of fullness, heaviness in the upper abdomen, belching.

What to do: take a digestive aid and visit a gastroenterologist for an examination.

8. Peptic ulcer: pain occurs on an empty stomach, and subsides after eating. As a rule, they are accompanied by heartburn belching and a bitter taste in the mouth. Can feel nauseous, especially in the morning. There is an unpleasant smell from the mouth, the tongue is lined with a white coating. Tendency to constipation and gas in the abdomen.

What to do: if there is no vomiting, diarrhea, fever, a house call is not required. A consultation with a gastroenterologist is required. Prior to this, exclude fried and coarse plant foods, any spicy seasonings, fatty creams, cakes, canned food, smoked meats, sour berries and fruits, coffee, and chocolate.

9. Inflammation of the gallbladder and biliary tract (cholecystitis): pain in the upper abdomen, more in the right hypochondrium. Accompanied by irritability, belching, a feeling of dryness and bitterness in the mouth, nausea. There may be vomiting at times. Appetite is usually reduced. Pain recurs periodically, can be severe and radiate to right shoulder. There are diarrhea, or vice versa constipation.

What to do: take a choleretic agent, drink mineral water and be sure to consult a gastroenterologist.

10. Psychogenic pain in the abdomen: occurs with nervousness. As a rule, these are aching, twisting pains in the entire abdominal region. There may be nausea, loss of strength, or vice versa a feverish state.

What to do: take a sedative drug, exclude coffee.

11. Female gynecological diseases: pulling, intermittent pain above the pubis in the middle, right or left. May be accompanied by discharge and increase when walking, after spicy food, hypothermia or severe stress.

What to do: go to the gynecologist.

12. Ovarian cyst or ectopic pregnancy: sharp and very severe pain on the right or left above the pubis, can be given to the anus. With a cyst, pain occurs after intercourse, and with an ectopic pregnancy, after 1-2 weeks from a delay in menstruation.

Stomach pain without diarrhea and vomiting

It happens that in children and adults there is nausea, which develops into severe vomiting. We will figure out why this can happen, and also determine how to provide the patient with the first necessary aid, at what point you should contact a medical professional.

Severe nausea and vomiting without fever in children or adults are the main causes

We list the various causes of nausea and vomiting in adults and indicate what other symptoms of painful conditions may still be present:

1. Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. In addition to nausea, the patient may have belching, heartburn, pulling pain in the abdominal cavity. But note that there is no elevated temperature. The cause of this condition may be gastritis, chronic pancreatitis, hernia, stomach ulcer, functional dyspepsia, reflux and other serious diseases.
2. Hepatitis. You may also experience yellowing of the skin, dark urine, and light color feces.
3. Blow, fall. There is also dizziness. The patient feels weak.
4. Brain diseases, such as cancer, tumor, hydrocephalus and others. From them, the patient has infrequent vomiting, headaches, and there is also an increase in pressure.
5. Diseases of the vascular system are also the cause. In addition to nausea and vomiting, dizziness may occur, pressure will increase or vice versa it will decrease. A person will quickly get tired and feel weak. Diseases that cause such symptoms: hypotension, anemia, hypertension, etc.
6. Diseases of the brain or malfunction of the nervous and mental system. For example, such diseases are tumors, neuritis, inflammation of the nerves. A person may lose balance, his head may suddenly spin. In addition, he may begin to vomit.
7. The most dangerous condition is the condition after the rupture of cerebral vessels, or the appearance of an intracranial hematoma. The patient may suffer from nausea, a sharp headache, or even lose consciousness.
8. Motion sickness when moving in transport.
9. Meningitis. With it, not only vomiting can appear, but also such signs as headache, drowsiness, acute pain in the back and chest. A person can be "thrown" into a fever.
10. Migraine. The signs listed in the previous paragraph may appear, but visual impairment and intolerance to smells, noise and even light will also be added to them.
11. Anorexia, bulimia and other mental disorders.
12. Medications. For example, hormonal contraceptives, anti-tuberculosis or iron-containing drugs.
13. Work at an industrial enterprise - a person can be poisoned by heavy metals. Vomiting may occur, accompanied by abdominal pain.
14. Toxicosis.

The younger generation may develop nausea and vomiting with other symptoms, as well as adults. We list the main causes, symptoms of diseases:

1. In infants, this condition may be due to regurgitation, which occurs as a result of overfeeding. Rare regurgitation is not dangerous, after which the baby feels fine. But due to frequent regurgitation, esophagitis can develop.
2. At infants not only vomiting may occur, but also poor appetite. The peanut will not be able to gain weight due to frequent attacks. And the reason for this is the narrowed passage of the stomach, in another way it is also called pyloric stenosis.
3. In babies from 1 to 4 years old, nausea and even vomiting can cause foreign body that the baby could swallow.
4. A young child may develop not only vomiting, but also bloody stools, irritability, and abdominal pain. The cause of these symptoms is intestinal volvulus.
5. A hernia can also cause not only nausea and vomiting, but also abdominal pain.
6. Appendicitis. With him, the kids also show the above signs.
7. Intestinal infection is also one of the reasons. The child has a pulling pain in the tummy, diarrhea, and even the temperature rises.
8. Sore throat, coughing can also cause vomiting.

Note that cyclic vomiting can occur in humans different ages, even children. The reasons for its occurrence are unknown. Experts note, along with vomiting, which manifests itself cyclically, and other symptoms: abdominal pain, weakness, dizziness, diarrhea, fever. Cyclic vomiting should be treated immediately. If it arose from scratch and you notice it for several years, then it can develop into a migraine.

We study the type and content of vomit - when to see a doctor?

Often, young children cannot communicate that they are in pain. Of course, they don't even know what nausea is. Parents can determine the causes of a painful condition by the appearance of what “leaves” the baby’s body. In addition, adults can also determine by the vomit what is happening to them.

This shade of vomiting means that the mass contains bile. She can "go out" due to food poisoning. As a rule, with poisoning or gastroenteritis, vomiting occurs several times a day. In the event that vomiting recurs for more than 2 days, you should go to the hospital. You may also experience fever, diarrhea, and abdominal pain.

This color of the mass confirms internal bleeding, which may occur due to diseases of the digestive tract, such as gastritis. In this condition, you should immediately call a medical officer.

It - clear signs the fact that there was a large internal bleeding in the abdominal cavity. It also appears due to the fact that the vessels of the gastrointestinal tract burst due to any disease of the abdominal cavity. Seek medical attention in this condition immediately!

First aid for a child and an adult with severe vomiting without fever

As soon as you notice that the child begins to vomit or vomit, do not leave the baby for a minute!

There are first steps you can take to help ease your child's condition.

We list what to do when the baby is sick:

1. With food poisoning. First, reassure the child. He must have been afraid of vomiting. Second, stay hydrated. Every 15 minutes, offer your baby to drink boiled water. warm water in the amount of 1-2 teaspoons. As soon as vomiting stops, increase the dose. You can give a newborn 1 tablespoon of water. Children usually develop diarrhea when poisoned. Dilute "Smecta" in a glass of warm water and slowly give it to the child from a spoon.
2. In case of an intestinal infection, the stomach should also be washed. It is important to call an ambulance. Only a doctor can prescribe a drug that should kill germs.
3. In case of concussion, bruises, consult a doctor immediately! Washing is not necessary. In case of injuries, you should put the baby in bed, put it on its side and put a cold towel on its head.

If vomiting has begun in children older than 3 years, the cause should also be determined. Then - decide on the provision of first aid:

• In case of poisoning, babies also need to do a gastric lavage.
• Let's drink crumbs half a glass or a glass of warm boiled water.
• As soon as vomiting stops, you can dilute 1-2 tablets of activated charcoal in a glass, or a bag of Smecta, and force the child to drink it.
• With an intestinal infection, the child also needs to be washed and call a doctor.

For other diseases, washing will not help. The doctor must prescribe the necessary drug to the child.

Important: do not induce vomiting in children! This can damage the esophagus. Just make sure you don't get dehydrated. In the case when the child is unconscious, vomiting cannot be caused either!

First aid, as a rule, adults provide themselves.

To stop frequent vomiting, need:

1. Drink as much non-carbonated water as possible. At a time, you should drink at least half a glass.
2. Induce yourself to vomit.
3. Avoid medications.
4. You can drink ginger (it is sold in capsules), ginger ale, or eat gingerbread cookies.
5. Drink juices - apple, cranberry.

Stomach ache, nausea and diarrhea: diseases and their treatment

Increasingly, patients complain of acute abdominal pain, which is accompanied by diarrhea and nausea. This problem is especially relevant in the summer, it is at this time of the year that food poisoning most often occurs. In addition to poisoning, these signs can signal several more ailments. In our article, we will consider what to do if the stomach hurts, nausea and diarrhea.

Causes of the disease

• Diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain, weakness - these signs are quite common in both adults and children. The reasons for their occurrence can be completely different. After contacting a doctor, first of all, the specialist finds out what the patient ate the day before in order to exclude possible food poisoning.
• These symptoms can indicate both a single ailment, and several. For example, discomfort in the abdomen may occur due to the intake of too fatty foods. Loose stools join due to a possible intestinal infection, and nausea, in turn, can signal diseases of the lower respiratory tract.
• Vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal pain are not uncommon in weight loss people who regularly exhaust themselves. various diets. After fasting and eating too low-calorie food, these symptoms occur.
• If the patient regularly (more than a week) has a severe stomach ache, nausea and diarrhea, most likely this is a serious pathology in which treatment should be started as soon as possible. These signs are especially dangerous for young children. If you are concerned about these symptoms for more than three days, be sure to contact a medical facility.

In addition to the main reasons, this phenomenon can be observed due to climate change or after prolonged stress.

Possible diseases

Stomach pain, weakness, nausea and diarrhea are the first signs of the following diseases:

• Basically, symptoms such as nausea, weakness, diarrhea and vomiting are the result of food poisoning. Often the main symptoms are accompanied by elevated body temperature. In case of food poisoning, it is necessary to wash the stomach with a light solution of manganese, and also drink a sufficient amount of liquid. This manipulation is necessary in order to avoid possible dehydration.
• These signs are also characteristic of exacerbation of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. In addition to the main symptoms, the patient complains of heartburn and heaviness in the stomach.
• Nausea, indigestion, pain in the stomach area are symptoms of inflammation of the pancreas or cholecystitis. These symptoms disappear only with complex treatment of the underlying disease.
• If diarrhea occurs more than 7 times a day, nausea does not bring relief and is accompanied by vomiting, most likely it is an intestinal infection. If the patient is concerned about such symptoms, a trip to the doctor should be immediate.
• If, in addition to the main symptoms, there are streaks of blood in the feces, the patient has an elevated body temperature and is worried about general weakness, most likely, we are talking about dysentery.

If these symptoms are caused by food poisoning

If the cause of discomfort was poisoning, you need to help the patient and proceed to full treatment:

1. First of all, you need to rinse the stomach to remove toxins from the body. For this purpose, the usual boiled water room temperature or a weak solution of manganese. The patient should drink at least a glass of liquid, and then artificially induce vomiting (using two fingers). The procedure must be carried out until the vomit becomes clear in color.
2. After gastric lavage, it is necessary to start taking medications, which in turn fight toxins. The intake of sorbents is necessary to remove toxins from the body that have managed to penetrate into the blood. The most common is activated carbon. It is taken according to the instructions, one tablet per 10 kg of the patient's weight. In addition to activated carbon, there are more modern preparations, such as smecta, enterosgel, polysorb, filtrum. The dosage of each drug is individual, it is recommended to take it only after consulting a doctor.
3. Another important step in the treatment of food poisoning is drinking plenty of water. The main symptoms of the disease are vomiting and watery diarrhea, these factors can lead to dehydration. It is for this reason that the patient should drink at least a glass of clean water after each bout of vomiting or defecation.
4. After the disappearance of symptoms, the patient needs to restore the intestinal microflora. For these purposes, experts recommend drinking a course of drugs that restore the microflora. These include: hilak forte, bifidumbacterin, linex. The dosage of the drug is prescribed by the attending physician, depending on the severity of the poisoning.
5. If we are talking about an intestinal infection, a course of treatment with antibacterial agents (tetracycline, ciprofloxacin) is necessary.

If these symptoms are caused by a gastrointestinal disease

If nausea, abdominal pain and diarrhea are caused various diseases Gastrointestinal tract, it is necessary to start treatment of the underlying disease:

• To relieve pain in the stomach, antispasmodics such as nosh-pa or drotaverine are used.
• If pain is observed in the stomach, it is necessary to lower the acidity of gastric juice, for these purposes, experts recommend taking omeprazole or omez.
• If we are talking about chronic gastritis or stomach ulcers, it is necessary to take enveloping agents. These include maalox or almagel.
• Medicines such as cerucal or metoclopramide will help get rid of nausea.
• An important factor in the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract is diet. It should be excluded too fatty, smoked and spicy food. Extremely cold or hot foods should also be avoided.

This information is not an instruction for self-treatment. Titles medications provided for informational purposes only. At the first of the above signs, be sure to consult a doctor.

If symptoms are caused by dysentery

This disease is detected after passing stool tests. If the doctor has discovered dysentery in a patient, it is very important to start treatment as soon as possible, this will help to avoid possible complications. The disease has different degrees of severity, so the treatment of dysentery is strictly individual. Treatment is carried out exclusively in stationary conditions because the disease is contagious. After the end of treatment, a re-examination of feces is prescribed. As a preventive measure, patients are advised to maintain personal hygiene and thoroughly wash vegetables and fruits before eating.

Folk remedies

To get rid of unpleasant symptoms at home, you can use folk remedies. These recipes will help the patient with discomfort in the abdomen and normalize liquid stool:

Experts advise for serious diseases to apply this treatment in conjunction with the main one.

1. We take one pomegranate and peel the skins from the berries. Next, you need to place the pomegranate peel in a warm, dark place until completely dry. After the crust becomes brittle, grind it to a powder state. Place one teaspoon of pomegranate powder in a glass, pour boiling water over it and close the lid. As soon as the drink reaches room temperature, it is necessary to drink half a glass of pomegranate tincture at the first symptoms.
2. Peel the ginger root. Grind with a fine grater and place the resulting consistency in a glass container. Pour boiling water over ginger and close the lid. The drink must be allowed to brew for at least 3 hours, after which it should be consumed after each act of defecation or the urge to vomit 1/3 cup.
3. To prepare the following recipe, we need young blueberry leaves. 8-10 leaves must be poured with boiling water, it is advisable to use a thermos. The drink should be infused for at least a day, after which it is necessary to take half a glass before each meal. It is desirable to carry out treatment with blueberry tincture in a course that is at least 7 days.

Prevention measures

In order not to become the owner of unpleasant diseases, such as dysentery or intestinal infection, as well as to avoid food poisoning, it is necessary to follow some preventive measures:

• Avoid public pools or saunas.
• Be sure to wash your hands after walking. warm water with antibacterial soap.
• Wash fruits and vegetables with hot water before eating.
• We eat meat and fish only after heat treatment.
• Check expiration dates before purchasing a product.

Pork, beef or lamb must be exposed to heat for at least 2 hours.

Take preventive measures to protect yourself and your loved ones. When the first symptoms appear serious illnesses see a doctor immediately.

Stomach ache, diarrhea and vomiting without fever: causes, treatment methods

When faced with a problem when the stomach hurts, diarrhea and vomiting are exhausting, you should know that abnormal processes in the body can take place without an increase in temperature. Increased stool frequency, liquefied consistency can be provoked by helminthiasis, stressful situations, excessively fatty foods, medication, etc. Eliminating the cause is the way to get rid of unpleasant symptoms. Folk remedies are effective in normalizing the condition.

How to assess how dangerous the symptoms are

When dyspeptic disorders, which include frequent acts of defecation, liquid feces, vomiting, you need to be able to correctly assess the possible threat to the life and health of the individual.

Not required emergency call to doctors if there is no temperature and at the same time pain in the abdominal cavity:

• are not acute;
• do not increase for several hours, but gradually subside;
• not accompanied by convulsions, vertigo, fainting, loss of consciousness;
• do not go in tandem with pressure surges.

You can also attempt to independently eliminate the resulting indigestion if a person vomits, but he did not use canned food, mushrooms, household chemicals did not penetrate the body.

You should not hesitate to call a doctor if prolonged diarrhea, abdominal cramps, vomiting without fever are observed in a pregnant woman.

Causes of ailments without fever in children

The child can vilify without fever and at the same time complain of nausea, pain in the lower abdomen:

• under stress;
• when overeating;
• when introducing new food products supplementing breast milk (milk formula);
• when eating unripe fruits - even in small quantities, - causing fermentation and, as a result, the appearance of liquid stools.

Psychological attitude affects the functioning of the digestive system. So, "out of the blue" vomiting and diarrhea in children can occur when they are forced to be away from their relatives or on the eve of the exam. It is characteristic that this usually occurs in morning time. Also, the child may have bouts of nausea, frequent liquid evacuations without temperature after overexcitation, fright, and be a reaction to an unfamiliar environment.

Such reactions of the body do not need drug therapy. It is important to identify causality and remove it with soothing actions.

If the chest is sick

If diarrhea appeared in the baby after feeding, then it is better to consult a pediatrician. Perhaps the problem will be removed by replacing complementary foods with another product more suitable for a fragile children's stomach.

In addition, liquid bowel movements in infants may be associated with teething. This condition is not dangerous for small organism, more often proceeds without temperature, passes independently.

Folk remedies will come to help children

1. Cherry tincture. Measure out half a glass of grapes - pre-rinse, dry - and pour into a saucepan. Pour 400 ml of boiling water over. Boil for 30 minutes in a water bath, leave for half an hour (do not open the lid). Strain and combine with the same amount of blueberry juice. Children give 1 spoon / hour. Toddlers who have not reached 3 years old, drink 1 spoon at 2 o'clock.
2. Pomegranate decoction. Grind dry crusts in a coffee grinder. Pour a spoonful of powder with 1 cup of boiling water and boil for 25 minutes in a water bath. Let stand for at least 40 minutes. Take 1 spoon four times a day. For 2 days, the remedy helps to cope with abdominal pain, normalize the stool.
3. Rice broth. Rinse a tablespoon of kupa with cold water, dip in 0.5 liters of boiling water. Boil (without salt!) for 45 minutes. Older children drink 50 ml every 2-3 hours, babies - 2-3 sips.

If there is diarrhea, nausea, and the child has a stomach ache, lemon balm will help. Measure out 4 tbsp. tablespoons of vegetable raw materials (preferably pharmacy), brewed with a cup of boiling water, kept for 20 minutes in a steam bath. Filter, drink three times / day, 1 spoonful.

How to help your child overeat

If a child has a stomach ache and the reason is related to overeating, then you can treat it yourself using the following scheme:

• First, remove from the menu dishes that caused watery stools, meat, chicken eggs and dairy products.
• Secondly, to give large amounts of drink (water, tea, decoctions, jelly) and very little food. This will allow your stomach to rest and prevent dehydration.
• Thirdly, drink a medication - in this case, the enzyme preparation Mezim-forte (children from the year 1 tablet / 2-3 times a day) and a suitable sorbent, for example, activated charcoal. Mezim-forte will help improve the function of digestion, which is extremely important for the intestines overloaded with food. Coal absorbs substances that irritate the gastrointestinal mucosa.

Please note that if the temperature has risen, most likely, diarrhea and pain in the abdomen are associated with an intestinal infection. In simple situations, pediatricians recommend Regidron or Nifuroxazide in suspension or in tablet form. If after a day the feces remain liquid and the pain does not stop, you need to contact the doctors.

Causes of ailments without fever in adults

The liquid consistency and accelerated evacuation of feces is associated with an increased water content: when carried, the liquid in the feces is 90%. By the amount of feces, one can assume the etiology of diarrhea, which is often observed without fever:

• In case of failures in the reduction of the intestinal walls, the daily volume of bowel movements does not increase. They are allocated frequently, in small volumes.
• With problems associated with the absorption of substances by the intestinal wall, the amount of feces increases due to undigested nutrition.

If the temperature is normal, but the patient suffers from indigestion, weakness, vomiting, then the symptoms may be due to:

• indigestion caused by a hearty meal with a predominance of fatty foods;
• individual intolerance to any components;
• fairly mild poisoning;
• taking certain pharmaceuticals;
• stressful conditions;
• traveler's diarrhea, which is associated with a change in climate, diet.

Therapeutic nutrition for diarrhea

Some foods irritate the intestines. With diarrhea, they should be taboo before full recovery. These include raw vegetables, spices, plums, white cabbage, beets, radishes, cucumbers. Any soda, beer, kvass, cream, milk, smoked meats, conservation are not allowed.

What to do to stop diarrhea? In the first 2-3 days of feeling unwell, limit yourself to:

• wheat bread (crackers);
• mucous porridges;
• boiled vegetable puree;
• steamed meat and fish (mashed) lean varieties;
• boiled (bottled) water, tea, jelly, pears, apples.

Medical therapy

To combat dehydration, ready-made solutions of Hydrolit, Regidron should be used. They should be drunk in small sips to prevent vomiting. It is possible to destroy pathogenic organisms with the help of Phthalazole, Nifuroxazide.

Patients with pancreatitis are deficient digestive enzymes. Mezim, Festal help facilitate the process of digestion. Prolonged vomiting will help stop the antiemetics Motilium, Cerucal, Smecta, Polyphepan.

Severe diarrhea with water: what to do, how to stop?

severe diarrhea periodically observed in many patients. There are many reasons for this. This phenomenon causes discomfort to a person, reduces the quality of life, limits freedom of action and ability to work. But the main disadvantage is that such a condition is very painful and can lead to serious consequences and complications.

Causes of severe diarrhea

The reasons are very varied. The main one is considered infectious process that develops in the intestine. Usually it is food poisoning, or dysbacteriosis, in which Escherichia coli predominates. In most cases, the cause of infection is non-compliance with the rules of personal hygiene, non-compliance with the diet, non-compliance with sanitary and hygienic requirements in places of public catering, food enterprises and food trade facilities.

The main route of infection is fecal-oral, that is, through the mouth. The development of an infectious process can be facilitated by eating unwashed fruits and vegetables, undercooked meat and fish, and contaminated water. If a person does not wash their hands before eating, it is also possible to contract many infectious diseases.

Secondary infection is also possible, which occurs inside the intestine when chronic infection and dysbacteriosis. Most often this is facilitated by overeating, taking medications, such as antibiotics. After a course of antibiotic therapy, the balance of microflora is significantly disturbed. So, the normal microflora that supports the normal functioning of the intestine dies, its place is taken by the pathogenic flora, which leads to the development of a fungal infection. With frequent overeating and improper use of products, the normal balance of microorganisms can also be disturbed. With dysbacteriosis, constant irritation of the mucous membrane also occurs, as a result of which diarrhea may develop.

Many microorganisms are capable of producing large amounts of toxins that have negative impact on intestinal cells. They promote destruction cell membranes, as a result of which the fluid from the cell comes out, an excessive amount of fluid accumulates in the intestinal cavity, the stool liquefies and is excreted in the form of severe diarrhea.

Chronic diarrhea also contributes to the development of severe diarrhea in the future. The fact is that in a person who suffered from diarrhea for about a week, the microflora completely changes. Representatives die normal flora, predominantly pathogenic and opportunistic pathogens develop. In the future, this leads to the emergence of new cases of diarrhea.

Severe diarrhea can develop when eating stale food, individual intolerance to certain foods.

Many medications can cause diarrhea as a side effect. This is especially true for antibiotics and antibacterial drugs, means that increase the acidity of gastric juice.

With food poisoning, diarrhea often develops, as the mucous membrane is damaged. In case of poisoning, diarrhea is usually quite long and exceeds 3-4 days. The most difficult for the digestive system are various chemical agents, such as dyes, flavors, flavors. Severe diarrhea can cause acids and alkalis that have entered the intestines. With individual intolerance and hypersensitivity to certain substances, diarrhea also occurs.

Risk factors

The risk group includes people who long time take potent substances, especially if they are antibiotics, other antibacterial substances.

Children always fall into the risk group, because they often neglect the rules of personal hygiene, eat unwashed foods. Older people are also at risk, as they often develop dysbacteriosis. Due to reduced immunity, they are more at risk of infection with a pathogenic microorganism. People who work with toxic substances, alkalis, acids are also at risk.

Pathogenesis

The pathogenesis is based on impaired intestinal motility, in which the movement of food through the canal is significantly accelerated, and the excretion of feces is accelerated. Also, pathogenesis can develop at the cellular level. In this case, cells are damaged, the integrity of the cell membrane is violated. This leads to the fact that the liquid comes out of the intestine, is excreted in the form of severe diarrhea.

Epidemiology

According to statistics, every person at least once in his life experienced severe diarrhea. Children suffer from diarrhea about 1.5 times more often than adults. In the structure of factors contributing to the development of diarrhea, infectious factors predominate - 76%, poisoning with chemical agents accounts for 12%. Chronic diarrhea is observed in 3% of cases, acute - in 88%.

Symptoms

Symptoms differ dramatically, depending on the type and form of the disease. But they have one thing in common - pain in the abdomen, cramps, loose stools. The frequency of emptying in this case is 5-6 or more times a day, while the urge to defecate can be observed several times within an hour.

Also develops itching and burning, irritation in the anus. If diarrhea continues for more than three days, there is weakness, fatigue, muscles weaken. There is drowsiness. With diarrhea that lasts more than a week, dehydration occurs. This is accompanied by dry mucous membranes, pale skin, rare urination. At the same time, the amount of urine decreases sharply. Appetite disappears, apathy develops.

In some cases, nausea and vomiting may develop. With diarrhea of ​​​​infectious etiology, fever, abdominal pain, headache and muscle weakness may develop.

The development of diarrhea is indicated primarily by loose stools. The frequency of visiting the toilet increases to 4-5 times a day. There is pain in the abdomen, spasm, rumbling and a constant feeling of "movement" in the intestines

Severe diarrhea in a child

The child quite often has severe diarrhea, because the immune system is not yet fully formed in children, the intestinal microflora is not established. Moreover, children often do not follow the rules of hygiene, and therefore pathogenic microorganisms enter the digestive tract, which can cause an infectious process.

In children, diarrhea is longer than in adults and requires mandatory treatment. To do this, you need to consult a doctor, since first you need to diagnose, determine the cause of the pathology, and only then prescribe treatment. Severe diarrhea, which lasts for several days, greatly dehydrates the body, disrupts normal metabolic processes in the body.

Severe diarrhea in the chest

In infants, severe diarrhea may occur due to the fact that the digestive system is not yet ready for independent existence, adaptation is taking place. It can also occur with the use of fatty foods, such as milk, with intolerance to certain foods. Diarrhea also occurs due to the fact that the microflora in the child has not yet been formed, but is only at the stage of formation, the immune system is represented defense mechanisms mother.

When the first signs of severe diarrhea appear in a newborn, you need to see a doctor as soon as possible and carry out treatment. Diarrhea can develop as a result of an infectious process, since, without its own defense system, the body is highly susceptible to pathogenic microflora. Diarrhea is dangerous for a child because dehydration occurs very quickly.

Severe diarrhea in an adult

In an adult, severe diarrhea can develop as a result of an infectious process, poisoning, a violation of the normal diet, the use of foods that do not combine with each other, as well as individual intolerance to many components. You need to see a doctor, diagnose, and only after that carry out treatment, since it is directly determined by the cause of the disease.

Severe diarrhea in pregnancy

In a pregnant woman, diarrhea can develop with intoxication, impaired intestinal motility. May be the result of an infectious process and dysbacteriosis. You can’t start the process, because it can only get worse, go into a chronic form and cause complications. Diarrhea is dangerous because there is a metabolic disorder, dehydration. This negatively affects the condition of the fetus. You can not take any measures on your own, you must consult a doctor.

Forms

Diarrhea is infectious, toxic, atonic. Infectious diarrhea develops as a result of an infectious process, dysbacteriosis. This also includes food poisoning.

With toxic diarrhea, the intestinal walls are damaged by toxins, poisons, and potent chemicals.

With atonic diarrhea, there is a violation normal activities intestines, its activity decreases. This leads to the fact that the excretion of feces from the body is disturbed, stool liquefaction occurs.

Severe diarrhea with water

Such diarrhea can be observed with a strong infection, as well as poisoning with toxins, poisons. The cause may be an infectious disease such as cholera. It can develop against the background of taking potent drugs. It is necessary to undergo an examination and determine the cause of this condition, only after that the doctor can prescribe the correct treatment.

Severe vomiting and diarrhea

Vomiting and diarrhea are the main signs of a foodborne infection. Often it develops against the background of reduced immunity, with non-compliance with the rules of hygiene. Sometimes observed with pancreatic dysfunction. Leads to very rapid dehydration. It is necessary to carry out rehydration therapy aimed at increasing the amount of fluid, preventing dehydration and restoring normal metabolism.

Severe stomach pain and diarrhea

Diarrhea and severe abdominal pain may indicate a toxic lesion of the digestive tract, an acute inflammatory process in the intestinal area.

Severe vomiting, diarrhea, fever

This may be a sign of a severe viral or bacterial infection in the gastrointestinal tract. Indicates the development of an infectious and inflammatory process. Requires urgent action, as it can lead to the spread of the infectious process and severe dehydration, intoxication.

High temperature can occur with the development of inflammation, with an infectious process, most often of bacterial etiology. This condition is especially dangerous for children. It is necessary to diagnose and select the appropriate treatment as soon as possible.

Severe diarrhea without fever

Severe diarrhea without fever may indicate functional disorders of the digestive tract. This results in a violation natural processes, intestinal motility. Wall irritation may occur. Requires treatment, as it can develop into a chronic form, cause complications. If diarrhea lasts for a sufficiently long time, it can lead to the development of dehydration and a persistent disruption of metabolic processes in the body.

Severe diarrhea without vomiting

If there is no vomiting, then diarrhea may indicate chronic intestinal disorders, dysbacteriosis, intolerance to certain components and foods. May appear as adverse reaction for taking certain medications.

Severe diarrhea for a week

If diarrhea lasts a week or more, immediate hospitalization is needed. It is urgent to find out the cause, prescribe the appropriate treatment. This diarrhea leads to dehydration. Irreversible processes have already begun in the body. Therefore, urgent supportive therapy, rehydration therapy is required, which will restore the normal balance of fluid in the body, normalize the exchange of salts and minerals.

Severe nausea, heartburn and diarrhea

This may be a sign of an infectious process, poisoning with chemical agents. Quite often, such signs are observed in the early stages of pregnancy, when intoxication of the body occurs, its adaptation to new conditions of functioning.

Diarrhea may be accompanied severe heartburn, which indicates an inflammatory process not only in the intestines, but also in the stomach, as well as an inflammatory reaction and a violation of the normal microbiocenosis of the digestive tract.

Strong-smelling diarrhea

A strong fetid odor indicates an infectious process. Most often, this is a sign of a bacterial infection. It may also indicate the development of structural and functional disorders of the intestine, mucous membrane, the presence of intestinal tumors, both benign and malignant. It can occur after prolonged constipation, which indicates stagnant and putrefactive processes in the body.

Severe pain rumbling, cutting in the abdomen with diarrhea

Severe pain with diarrhea occurs when the intestinal walls and mucous membranes are damaged. They can be damaged by infectious and chemical agents. This happens with intestinal spasm, the development of inflammatory and infectious processes, and with oncological diseases.

Rumbling indicates the processes of fermentation, putrefaction and stagnation in the body. Often this is the result of dysbacteriosis, or an infectious disease. Requires diagnosis and urgent treatment.

Diarrhea and pain in the stomach can indicate various pathologies of the stomach, intestines, violation of the intestinal microflora, and inflammatory processes. It is necessary to undergo an examination. The most effective is gastroscopy, which gives the most complete picture pathology and allows you to choose a treatment as soon as possible.

Severe diarrhea with blood

The presence of blood in the stool may indicate the presence of internal bleeding about malignant tumors and benign neoplasms. It can also be a sign of ulcers, erosions, mechanical damage to the intestinal walls.

Severe diarrhea after antibiotics

After antibiotics, diarrhea occurs quite often, since the normal ratio of microorganisms is disturbed. Representatives of the normal microflora that maintain the normal state of the digestive tract die. Their place is being filled pathogenic microorganisms, mushrooms.

Severe diarrhea during menstruation

Severe diarrhea can develop before, after, or during your period. It occurs as a result of a sharp change in the hormonal background, as well as with dysbacteriosis. Changes in the endocrine background may lead to abrupt change immune status human, as well as a violation of the normal ratio of microorganisms. Diarrhea may resolve on its own within a few days or hours, or may require special treatment. If diarrhea does not go away within 2-3 days, you need to take measures to eliminate it. Perhaps an infection has joined, or dysbacteriosis needs to be treated.

Severe diarrhea with poisoning

Poisoning almost always results in severe diarrhea, sometimes even vomiting. This is often seen as the body's natural defense response to the action of toxins, the body is trying to ensure the removal of the toxin to the outside. In this case, intense irritation of the intestinal wall with toxins and toxic substances occurs, and the normal intestinal flora is disturbed.

Diarrhea and severe headache

This may be a sign of intoxication, dehydration, the development of complications. Often you need to eliminate diarrhea, the headache will disappear as a result.

Severe yellow diarrhea

This indicates the development of diarrhea of ​​​​bacterial etiology. A bacterial infection develops, intoxication with bacterial toxins and other waste products of bacteria. Often requires antibiotic therapy, as well as special antibacterial therapy, restoration of normal intestinal microflora.

Great weakness after diarrhea

After diarrhea, weakness may develop, indicating severe violation metabolic processes, intoxication, dehydration. Often, weakness can be the result of a violation of ion exchange, the exchange of trace elements.

Severe diarrhea without abdominal pain

Diarrhea can be without pain, this is a completely natural reaction of the body. At the same time, intoxication, an inflammatory process also develops, and the level of pathogenic microflora increases.

Severe green diarrhea

Green diarrhea can develop with bacterial diarrhea. In this case, the causative agent of the disease is most often streptococcus, or Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Requires diagnostics. A bacteriological culture is necessarily carried out, after which the sensitivity of the isolated culture to antibiotics is determined, the appropriate drug and its dosage are selected.

Constipation after severe diarrhea

After severe diarrhea, constipation may develop. It usually resolves on its own within 1-2 days and does not require any intervention. If constipation lasts more than 2-3 days, you should consult a doctor. Frequent changes of constipation and diarrhea, stool disorders, pain and spasms in the intestinal area may indicate serious disorders, including malignant tumors. Diagnostics required. The sooner it is done, the more effective it will be. further treatment.

Severe diarrhea after alcohol

After drinking alcohol, diarrhea may develop. This may be due to the toxic effects of alcohol on the body. This is often observed when taking low-quality alcohol, as well as when it is consumed excessively. In addition, alcohol has a laxative effect on the body, increases intestinal motility.

Complications and consequences

Diarrhea is dangerous because it can lead to dehydration. This negatively affects the metabolism, leads to disruption of the normal functioning of the intestines, food is poorly processed, insufficiently absorbed by the body. Dehydration leads to disruption of normal ionic processes, microelement metabolism. It has a particularly negative impact on the health of the elderly and children. Newborns also quickly develop dehydration.

With an increase in inflammatory processes and dehydration, the temperature rises. This leads to a high degree of intoxication of the body, rapid protein denaturation. As dehydration increases, electrolyte disturbances increase. Gradually, the skin becomes dry, the mucous membranes also dry out and lose their protective functions, there is a strong thirst, rapid breathing, pulse, infrequent urination. This leads to disruption of the kidneys, weakness, dizziness.

Normal blood circulation in the body is disturbed, there is a violation of sodium-potassium metabolism. This leads to an intense loss of potassium and an excessive accumulation of sodium. As a result, it breaks normal function heart, heart failure can develop, which quite often ends in death.

Diagnosis of severe diarrhea

In order to diagnose diarrhea, you need to contact a gastroenterologist, proctologist, or infectious disease specialist. First you need to determine the cause of the development of diarrhea. Further treatment depends on this. During the examination, first of all, the water-electrolyte state of the body and the degree of dehydration are assessed. For this, a complete examination of the abdomen, intestines is carried out, a digital examination of the rectum is performed. Assess the independence of the sphincter, as well as overt and latent blood in the feces.

Conduct an extra-abdominal study, which makes it possible to identify the cause of the disease. In this case, labrocytosis is performed, in which damage and hyperemia of the skin are assessed. Assess the state of the nodes thyroid gland. Auscultation detects heart murmurs, possible inflammatory processes, listens to sounds in the intestines.

Analyzes

Diarrhea testing may require standard clinical tests such as blood, urine, feces. Conduct a study of feces for dysbacteriosis, for occult blood, for the content of helminths. Bacteriological culture can be very informative, which makes it possible to identify the causative agent of the disease, determine its concentration and select the appropriate treatment. After conducting an antibiotic sensitivity study, the antibiotic that is most effective is determined, as well as its optimal dosage.

May be required biochemical analysis blood, detailed immunogram. With constant, chronic diarrhea, the acidity of gastric juice is determined, an analysis is made for celiac disease.

The osmotic interval of the stool is also determined, which shows the features of the exchange of potassium and sodium in the body, shows how disturbed electrolyte metabolic processes are. Also, if necessary, tests for the determination of lactase are carried out. To determine the malabsorption of carbohydrates, which can cause diarrhea, a hydrogen breath test is performed.

Instrumental diagnostics

Often, acute diarrhea does not require special instrumental studies, a physical examination and laboratory tests are sufficient. Acute diarrhea is a form of stool pathology that lasts no more than 4 days.

In all other cases, an instrumental study is carried out. It is especially important to conduct instrumental studies in chronic pathology. The main research methods for diarrhea are gastroscopy, colonoscopy. Usually these studies are enough to determine the cause of the pathology and make a diagnosis. If there is insufficient data, ultrasound of the abdominal cavity and small pelvis is performed, as well as x-ray examination. AT severe cases MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) may be done. If an oncological process is suspected, a piece of tissue is taken for further histological examination.

Differential Diagnosis

The basis of differential diagnosis is the need to differentiate diarrhea from other pathologies and determine its cause. To differentiate bacterial from viral diarrhea, virological study, bacteriological culture. An immunogram may be required.

To differentiate bacterial and viral diarrhea from toxic, it is necessary to conduct a toxicological study. To establish other forms of diarrhea, for example, resulting from atony of the intestine, a high rate of movement of food masses, instrumental studies are carried out.

Treatment for severe diarrhea

Treatment in the first place should be etiological. First, eliminate the factor that provoked diarrhea. Then symptomatic treatment is carried out. Apply antidiarrheals, which reduce the excretion of fluid with feces, and also inhibit secretion processes in the small intestine. Also, if necessary, those substances that contribute to the development of diarrhea are removed from the intestines. If salts are excreted intensively, and a violation of salt metabolism has developed, infusion, rehydration therapy is used, aimed at increasing fluid in the body and normalizing metabolic processes.

It is important to control the content of potassium, if necessary, take potassium preparations. This element is lost when salts leave the body. Its deficiency contributes to disruption of the normal activity of the heart, can lead to the development of heart failure. In the presence of such a pathology, therapy is carried out to replace the lost fluid.

For treatment, sorbents are used - substances that contribute to the rapid removal of toxins, metabolic products from the body. They also remove toxic substances that can provoke loose stools.

What to do with severe diarrhea?

The first thing to do with diarrhea is to consult a doctor for advice, since in the treatment of diarrhea it is important to first eliminate the cause of the disease. Only this can guarantee successful treatment. With severe diarrhea, it is necessary to prevent dehydration of the body, since this condition is dangerous with a sharp loss of fluid, which leads to dehydration and disruption of metabolic processes. You can use various folk remedies, homeopathic preparations aimed at reducing the fluid content in the intestine, stabilizing cell membranes. It is also important to follow a proper diet.

Medications

With diarrhea, medicines should be taken with caution. It is important to take precautionary measures, which consist in consulting a doctor in a timely manner for advice. First you need to diagnose, and only then prescribe the appropriate treatment.

Diarrhea medications can have many side effects if taken incorrectly. They can only aggravate the pathology if the treatment is not correct. For example, dysbacteriosis may increase, which will lead to the development of chronic diarrhea. Salt metabolism may be impaired water balance, which leads to disruption of the activity of vital organs: kidneys, heart.

In acute diarrhea, it is recommended to take loperamide. Its main action is that it quickly stops peristalsis, thereby preventing the further movement of feces through the intestines. Leads to a rapid cessation of diarrhea within minutes. But the drug has serious consequences - it is quickly absorbed into the blood, leading to severe intoxication.

Therefore, doctors recommend that when taking loperamide, parallel detoxification therapy is aimed at removing toxins from the body. It is recommended to take enterosgel. A tablespoon of the drug is dissolved in a glass of water. Take 2-3 times a day.

Also, as a detoxification agent, it is recommended to take activated charcoal: 5-6 tablets every 4-5 hours.

With severe diarrhea that lasts more than 2-3 days, as well as in the presence of vomiting, you need to drink funds that help restore the water-salt balance in the body. Most effective tool is rehydron. To prepare a solution, 1 package of the drug is dissolved in a liter of water. Drink 2-3 glasses in a short time, then half a glass after each stool.

When pain and spasms appear, take no-shpu, 1 tablet 2-3 times a day.

Smekta with severe diarrhea

It is a white powder, which is dissolved in water and drunk throughout the day. You need to drink 3-4 sachets per day. Eliminates not only diarrhea, but also bloating, pain, normalizes motility and peristalsis.

Enterosgel with severe diarrhea and vomiting

It is a tool that is used to detoxify the body. Promotes the removal of toxins, poisons from the body, normalizes the activity of the intestine, its contractile activity. It is recommended to dissolve a tablespoon of the drug in a glass of water, take 3-4 times a day.

vitamins

With diarrhea, it is recommended to take only vitamin C, as it helps to normalize the immune system, increases the body's resistance, endurance. The body connects internal reserves to fight infection and inflammation. The remaining vitamins act as a nutrient medium and growth factors for bacteria, so their use should be postponed until complete recovery. Take 1000 mg per day.

Physiotherapy treatment

With diarrhea, physiotherapy is rarely performed. Basically, conservative, drug therapy is enough. AT rare cases electrophoresis and ultrasound can be used.

Electrophoresis is a procedure during which drugs are injected directly into the tissue in which they exert their effect. therapeutic effect. In this case, substances penetrate the skin and mucous membranes, bypassing the digestive tract. This makes it possible to significantly reduce the dosage and increase the locality of action, while eliminating systemic effects on the body. Helps relieve inflammation quickly. Eliminate the infectious process. The risk of side effects is minimized.

Ultrasound is able to penetrate deep into tissues, has a warming, anti-inflammatory effect in them, resolves seals, hematomas, scars. He can also remove bacterial infection, normalize microbiocenosis, promotes the restoration of microflora and damaged mucous membranes.

Alternative treatment

There are many folk remedies that have long been used to treat diarrhea. They are recommended to be taken in combination with drug therapy because they complement each other perfectly, accelerating recovery.

With diarrhea, the patient is given apple puree for a day. You need to take 12 fresh apples, peel, grate. Every 2 hours during the day, give the patient 1 grated apple. At night, you also need to take puree. Nothing else to eat or drink. Do not take medications either. The diarrhea should pass within a day. If it didn’t pass, you need to see a doctor as soon as possible, conduct a comprehensive diagnosis, and determine the cause of the pathology.

A decoction of pomegranate peel helps with diarrhea. The peel of one pomegranate is poured into 500 ml of water, drunk during the day.

Also, the most reliable method is a solution of potassium permanganate. You need to prepare a slightly pink solution, drink half a glass. It has a powerful anti-inflammatory effect, kills pathogenic microflora. Therefore, the effect occurs immediately. Usually a single dose is enough, but for prevention, you can drink half a glass in the evening.

Herbal treatment

For the treatment of diarrhea, take a decoction of meadow geranium. There are two cooking options: cold decoction, hot decoction. To prepare a cold decoction, take 2 tablespoons of herbs and pour a glass of water. After that, insist 8 hours and drink during the day in small sips.

To prepare a hot decoction, you need a tablespoon of herbs. Pour a glass of boiling water, insist 1-2 hours. Drink throughout the day in small sips.

Angelica officinalis also quickly eliminates diarrhea. To prepare a decoction, take 1 tablespoon of medicinal raw materials, pour a glass of boiling water. Boil for 10 minutes in a water bath, drink a third of a glass three times a day.

Prepare a decoction of white willow. For cooking, 1 tablespoon of willow bark is required. Pour a glass of boiling water, bring to a boil and set aside. Insist for an hour. Drink 1-2 tablespoons every hour.

Cotoneaster fruits are also quite often taken in the form of a decoction. For cooking, take a nightingal spoon of raw materials, pour a glass of boiling water. Insist 30 minutes, drink a quarter cup four times a day.

Homeopathy

It must be understood that homeopathic remedies can have serious side effects when taken incorrectly. For example, they can only aggravate the situation by increasing diarrhea, or causing an overdose. Therefore, it is important to take precautions - to take homeopathy only after a complete diagnosis, when the cause of the pathology is precisely determined.

Charcoal worked well. If there is a choice, it is better to choose lime coal. Take 1 teaspoon of charcoal powder daily with water. Strengthens the walls of the intestine, relieves inflammation, eliminates the infectious process, normalizes intestinal motility.

If diarrhea is mixed with blood, take centipede powder. They can be purchased ready-made, or you can make your own. You need to collect a few centipedes, red-hot a baking sheet or frying pan, throw centipedes. Burn to ash. Ashes dissolve in 100 grams of vodka, drink twice a day.

Apply herbal collection from diarrhea. For cooking, you need to take 50 grams of bird cherry and blueberries, mix. Take from the mixture 2-3 tablespoons, pour boiling water. Insist for an hour, then take a third of a glass three times a day.

You can also prepare a decoction of fruits and herbs. For cooking, you need to take the fruits of black chokeberry, St. John's wort, raspberries or strawberries, mint in a ratio of 2: 1: 2: 1. Mix, take 2-3 tablespoons from the resulting mixture, pour 2-3 cups of boiling water, insist for a day. Drink a third of a glass every 2 hours.

Diet for severe diarrhea

Diarrhea requires a diet, otherwise it will be impossible to cure it. All dishes should be soft, sparing. You can only eat boiled or steamed food. Fried, fatty, smoked foods should be completely excluded. Spices, seasonings can not be added. For more information about the diet for diarrhea, read this article.

What to eat with severe diarrhea?

It is necessary to include black bread with bran, stale pastries, biscuit cookies in the diet. Only dietary meat and fish, boiled sausages are allowed. You can drink fermented baked milk, kefir, cottage cheese, yogurt. It is recommended to drink lemon juice dissolved in water, eat blueberries, viburnum, raspberries, cranberries. You can include an unlimited number of crackers, croutons, dried fruits.

Legumes and soy are completely excluded. Fresh bread, muffins, pies, sweets are prohibited. Also, you can not eat fatty meats: such as pork, beef. Smoked sausages, whole milk, cream, sour cream are excluded. You can not eat tomatoes, cabbage, plums, apricots. Also, you can not eat raisins, nuts, semolina.

Prevention

The main preventive measure is the observance of hygiene rules, as well as sanitary and hygienic requirements for the preparation of food. Before eating, you need to wash your hands thoroughly, while it is better to use laundry soap, since it has the most powerful antibacterial action. You also need to be attentive to the preparation of cape, fish, eggs, boil well.

It should also be borne in mind that if there is no soap in a public place, it is better not to wash your hands at all, since rinsing with water will not destroy microorganisms, but will only create more favorable conditions for their reproduction.

If one of the family members is ill rotavirus infection, food poisoning, and he developed severe diarrhea, it is necessary to protect the rest of the family from contact with him. The patient should be given separate dishes, towel.

Forecast

If the diarrhea lasts 1-2 days, the prognosis may be good. The disease can go away on its own, without any measures. You may only need to follow a diet.

If diarrhea lasts more than 3 days, diagnosis and treatment should be carried out. If the necessary measures are taken in a timely manner, the prognosis may be favorable. Otherwise, severe diarrhea is fraught with complications. The most dangerous is dehydration, which can even end in death.

Medical Expert Editor

Portnov Alexey Alexandrovich

Education: Kyiv National Medical University. A.A. Bogomolets, specialty - "Medicine"