Home first aid kit. Materials for the treatment of wounds, burns, stop bleeding. Necessary medicines in the first aid kit

First aid kit medical care houses should be completed in accordance with the likelihood of life-threatening conditions in residents. Yes, if available arterial hypertension family members should be included in the list of mandatory funds antihypertensive drugs fast action. For epilepsy and others neurological disorders it is important to have special neuroleptic drugs. The task of a properly assembled home first aid kit is to alleviate the patient's condition before the ambulance arrives, prevent the development of complications, and conduct a full antiseptic treatment wound surface.

Basic composition

A universal home first aid kit should not contain "extra" drugs and devices, it should contain only what will help with harmless burns and serious life-threatening conditions.

Painkillers

Nitrosorbide;

Valocordin.

It is important to understand that increasing the dosage, as well as inadequate application can not only aggravate the course of an attack, but also provoke a fatal outcome even before the arrival of an ambulance.

What medicines help with hypertensive crisis? In chronic arterial hypertension, three fundamental groups of drugs are prescribed:

loop diuretics (Furosemide, Diuver, Hypothiazid);

blockers calcium channels(Amlodipine, Valsartan);

ACE inhibitors (Monopril, Fosinap, Fozicard).

All drugs are prescribed in advance by the attending physician in the appropriate dosage. The dose is determined based on the age, weight and nature of the pathology of the patient. With secondary arterial hypertension (for example, against the background of chronic renal or liver failure) drug correction is lifelong.

Emotional arousal

sedatives for home use designed for cupping emotional tension, stress relief, relaxation. May help with anxiety, restlessness and insomnia the following drugs from the home first aid kit:

peony or motherwort tincture;

valerian tincture (tablet form);

• Novo-Passit;

• Corvalol and Valocordin;

  Afobazol.

The pharmaceutical industry produces many drugs to restore sleep and a stable emotional background. At severe violations these drugs will not have the desired effect due to the weakness of the sedative effect.

Diseases of the epigastric organs

Medicines for disorders of the digestive system are necessary as part of a home first aid kit. Infectious diseases intestines and stomach always have a bright clinical picture in adults and children, require immediate correction. The list of the main drugs for indigestion is presented in the table:

Smecta, Polysorb, Enterosgel, activated carbon, Ultra Adsorb (absorbent preparations);

Mezim Forte, Enzistal, Festal (improvement of digestion on trips, with long feasts);

Maalox, Gastal, Phosphalugel (, with exacerbation of gastritis or peptic ulcer);

Espumizan, Acelact (flatulence, increased gas formation);

Intetrix, Ersefuril (treatment of intestinal infections of any origin);

Senade, Regulax, Bisacodyl (systematic constipation).

After a long drug treatment, prolonged illness, it is necessary to restore the microflora of the intestines and stomach. For these purposes, you can store Linex Bio, Hilak Forte, bifidumbacterin in the medicine cabinet.

Antihistamines

Treatment of allergic reactions of any nature begins at home. Allergy to medicines, vegetation, food products can grow rapidly, threaten the life and health of the patient. To the main effective drugs include:

Suprastin;

• Diazolin;

If an allergy attack is accompanied by respiratory depression, swelling, redness of the skin, rashes in the form of red spots, you should immediately drink a tablet of the drug and call ambulance. At the time of waiting for help, the patient must be protected from the influence of a dangerous allergen.

Additional funds

In addition to medicines, the first-aid kit should include herbal ingredients and raw materials for the preparation of decoctions and infusions. The safety and effectiveness of these products has been proven for generations. To the main medicinal herbs include:

chamomile, sage, calendula, oak bark, peppermint;

essential oils (oil tea tree, eucalyptus, citrus);

alcohols for compresses and disinfection.

Usage herbal preparations for the preparation of decoctions for lotions and ingestion suitable for eliminating unpleasant symptoms diseases in pregnant women and children. Herbal preparations great for bathing with dermatological diseases.

Tools and dressing material

In the home first aid kit modern man there must be an inhaler in the treatment of respiratory diseases, a thermometer for measuring body temperature (infrared, mercury, electronic). Additionally, you can purchase nasal aspirators to remove mucus in children and adults, an enema, a heating pad.

Of the mandatory dressings in the first-aid kit, there should be bandages, whole sterile cotton wool, adhesive plaster (anti-corn, pepper), plaster. The first aid kit should contain small scissors, a tourniquet, and an elastic bandage.

Formation and storage rules

Home first aid kit must be in constant accessibility for each family member, but at the same time meet the safety if there are young children in the family. A first aid kit for newborns should be located in the venue hygiene procedures. In some cases, several first-aid kits should be created for each case (typical everyday situations, specific complex, children's). There are a number of rules by which the collection of a first-aid kit is carried out:

storage medicines in a dark place;

control of expiration dates and optimal conditions storage;

preservation of instructions for the use of the drug;

limiting access to drugs for children and animals.

Your first aid kit should be in order. Most necessary drugs should be at hand at the right time. It is better to store drugs in boxes, but if there is no space, they should be signed.

A properly folded and shaped home first aid kit can significantly reduce risks deaths at acute conditions, blood loss, pain shock before arrival emergency care. Older children are advised to detailed briefing behavior when various circumstances at home.

You can get sick at any time of the day, including when it is not possible to visit a pharmacy. Therefore, you need to keep at least the most necessary drugs at home. Below we present sample list contents of the home first aid kit. Choose the right ones, supplement it with drugs that are right for your family members.

Antipyretic drugs in the medicine cabinet

PARACETAMOL, suppositories CEFEKON D (for children from 3 months to 3 years), NUROFEN (pain reliever, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic), EFFERALGAN, KOLDAKT, TERRAFLU and analogues, RINZASIP, COLDREX, etc. Most drugs are based on paracetamol.

Painkillers in the medicine cabinet

CITRAMON P, BENALGIN, ANALGIN, ASPIRIN, IBUPROFEN, NUROFEN - for headaches. NO-SHPA, SPASMALGON - for muscle spasms. VALIDOL, CORVALOL, NITROGLYCERIN - for heart pain.

Sedatives in the home first aid kit

Motherwort tincture, VALERIAN, peppermint grass, lemon balm and oregano, calendula, hawthorn and wild rose fruits, NOVO-PASSIT, PERSEN, GLYCINE, soothing drops GERBION, sedative collection, etc.

Antihistamine medicines in the medicine cabinet

TAVEGIL, SUPRASTIN, CLARITIN, FENISTIL, ZIRTEK, etc.

For sore throat

Rotokan, Hexoral, Imudon lozenges, pectusin lozenges, Doctor Mom lozenges, Iodinol, Lugol's solution, Furacilin for rinsing, etc.

From cough

Gedelix, Gerbion, Lazolvan, Ambrobene, Bromhexine, Dr. MOM ointment (used for rubbing and local massage when sputum is discharged), Linkas, cough tablets, Stoptussin, Mukaltin, Pectusin, ACC, licorice root syrup, etc. Read more about cough treatment

Nasal drops

NAPHTHIZIN, NAZIVIN, SANORIN, OTRIVIN BABY, etc.

Poisoning, gastrointestinal pain

ENTEROSGEL, ACTIVATED CHARCOAL, SMEKTA, MEZIM, FESTAL, REGIDRON sachets - against dehydration, HILAK Forte, OAK BARK or St. John's wort - fixing. Senna leaf, buckthorn bark, Dufalac - laxatives.

For burns, cuts

Ointments PANTHENOL, BEPANTEN, DEXPANTHENOL - are used in children from birth, LEVOMEKOL - in children older than 1 year. For burns, you can use Panthenol Spray for non-contact application to the affected surface. ACTOVEGIN and SOLCOSERYL in the form of an ointment or gel are approved for use from the first days of life, they have wound healing properties, but do not have a disinfectant effect, it is also better not to combine them with others similar drugs. EPLUN cream has wound healing, bactericidal, regenerating properties, is effective for frostbite, insect bites.

Disinfectants in the first aid kit

HYDROGEN PEROXIDE 3%, IODINE, brilliant green solution, potassium permanganate powder, medical alcohol.

Antiseptic for skin and mucous membranes

MIRAMISTIN, OCTENISEPT - a wide range applications: treatment of wounds, with gynecological, ENT diseases, used as antibacterial agent for inhalation (nebulizer, Octenisept diluted with water 1:4).

Additional tools in the home first aid kit

Sterile bandages, cotton wool, bactericidal and conventional plaster, tourniquet, elastic bandage, pipettes, rubber bulb, medical thermometer, tanometer, tweezers, heating pad, several syringes, baby cream, wet disinfectant wipes, paper handkerchiefs, cotton buds and discs, powder powder, drinking soda, mustard plasters, scissors.

Carefully! There are contraindications. Before use, be sure to consult your doctor!

The first aid kit should be stored in a dry, dark place, out of the reach of children. Conduct an “inventory” of medicines about once every six months for the purchase of expired or liquidation of expired ones. In the first-aid kit it is convenient to store a leaflet with the telephone numbers of emergency services, pharmacies and paid clinics.

Photo - photobank Lori

A home first aid kit should contain all the necessary medicines, because, without any exaggeration, health and life depend on it. Usually, a home first aid kit consists of chaotically collected medicines, many of which are completely unnecessary. So what should be in a first aid kit?

Properly collected medicines in a home first aid kit should be in every home so that they can be provided quality care in emergency before the arrival of the ambulance. In addition to medicines in the home first aid kit, you must have a set of sanitary products - these are various bandages, gauze bandages, cotton wool.

Here detailed list necessary sanitary products for a home first aid kit:

- Non-sterile bandage for fixing dressings.
- Wide sterile bandage for dressing.
- Sterile cotton wool for compresses on wounds.
- Gauze dressings are sterile.
- Adhesive plaster (bactericidal and conventional).
- Rubber tourniquet hemostatic.
Also in a home pharmacy it makes sense to have blunt scissors, tweezers, an eye dropper, a thermometer (thermometer) and a tonometer. Now let's move on to the medicines that should be part of the home first aid kit.

Required Medications in the home first aid kit:

- Analgin (tablets, 10 pieces of 0.5 g.). Painkiller.
— Acetylsalicylic acid(tablets, 10 pieces of 0.25 g and 0.5 g each), a common name is aspirin. Antipyretic and pain reliever.
- Nitroglycerin (tablets or capsules, 20 pieces of 0.0005g each). Helps with pain in the heart.
- Valocordin or Corvalol (liquid, 20-25 ml.). Depressant.
- Suprastin (tablets, 20 pcs., 0.025 g each). Antiallergic agent.
– Activated charcoal (tablets, 10 pcs. 0.5g each). Helps with food poisoning. Take from 3 tablets at the same time.

Also among the medicines of the home first aid kit there should be preparations for external use, which include:
- Iodine for the treatment and disinfection of wounds.
- Zelenka (brilliant green solution) for the treatment of wounds.
- Hydrogen peroxide for washing wounds and stopping bleeding in places of minor wounds (scratches, abrasions)
— Ammonia necessary to bring to life a fainted person.
- Potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate) for washing wounds and stomach in case of poisoning. Burns can be treated.
- Sulfacyl sodium for eye treatment in case of injury or infection.

This is a mandatory composition - the most necessary medicines in a home first aid kit that may be required for first aid. The content of a home first aid kit can be increased with anti-flu medicines, cough medicines, and a cold. Also, it is worth adding all the regularly taken drugs prescribed by the doctor and vitamins to the composition of the home first aid kit.

And be healthy!

Voluntary reader's contribution to support the project

Everyone knows that self-medication is dangerous. But it is almost impossible to do without it. The pace of modern life does not allow you to turn to a doctor with every minor trouble, and information on how to provide independent medical care is quite accessible. This means that we have only one thing left: to learn how to provide this assistance competently and to the extent that it is permissible for a person who does not have a special education.

As part of this training, you first need to figure out how to use a home first aid kit.

Source: depositphotos.com

What medications should be kept at home?

The contents of a home first aid kit largely depend on the health status and age of family members. For example, if elderly people and chronically ill people live in the house, then the medicines required to maintain their normal well-being should always be at hand. If there are children in the family, the first-aid kit should be supplemented with medicines and care products that are optimal for this age group.

And in each apartment it is necessary to store a set of medicines common to all, which can come in handy literally at any moment. It should contain:

• dressings - cotton wool, bandages, plaster, BF-6 glue, gauze. You can add cotton pads and sticks, wet wipes soaked in an antiseptic, etc.;
• means intended for the treatment of wounds - hydrogen peroxide, iodine, brilliant green, furatsilin, healing sprays and ointments;
• painkillers and antipyretics. When choosing, you should be guided by the advice of a doctor, but paracetamol should still be kept in the first aid kit;
• antispasmodic (no-shpa or drotaverine);
• antihistamine (antiallergic) drugs;
• sedatives plant origin(tincture of valerian or motherwort);
• medicines to help relieve symptoms of the common cold and respiratory diseases. Choice of the most effective drugs remains with a specialist, but lozenges for coughs or sore throats, gargles, herbal drops for a runny nose are needed in every home. In addition, it is desirable to include mustard plasters in the first-aid kit;
• means of combating disorders of the gastrointestinal tract - diarrhea, constipation, heartburn, nausea; preparations containing enzymes. The first aid kit should also contain medicines intended for first aid in case of poisoning (activated charcoal, smecta, etc.);
• first aid for cores (for example, validol). If there is a patient with angina pectoris in the family, it is necessary to keep an “on-duty” package of nitroglycerin in the first-aid kit;
• ammonia;
• ointments, gels, or rubs that relieve pain from sprains and bruises.

Keep thermometers, pipettes, fingertips and blunt scissors in a separate place. It is very good if the house has an inhaler and a blood pressure monitor, and if relevant, then a glucometer.

Source: depositphotos.com

We organize the storage of medicines correctly

Preparations to be stored under conditions low temperature must be placed in the refrigerator. It is not necessary to allocate an entire shelf for them, but it is important that they do not come into contact with products. It is best to put the medicines in a tightly sealed plastic box.

To store the rest of the drugs, you should pick up a capacious box, box or basket with a lid and put it in a closet. It is very important that this closet is locked so that children do not have access to the keys. By the way, it is recommended to store baby care products and children's medicines separately from the first-aid kit for adults. This is necessary not only in order to quickly find a drug for the baby in an emergency, but also in order not to confuse drugs: products for children often have the same names as for adults, but contain a lower concentration of active ingredients.

Now about the most important thing: all drugs sooner or later expire, and it is dangerous to use expired drugs. Therefore, the responsible owner of the first-aid kit not only competently completes and stores it, but also looks through it every six months to remove expired medicines and replace them with new ones, as well as replenish the deficit. Then the risk of being left at the most inopportune moment without the right drug or material excluded.

Ability to help yourself and your loved ones first aid is the basis of the concept of responsible self-treatment, actively promoted by the World Health Organization. AT recent times this concept became interested in our country as well; it is approved by the leadership of the Ministry of Health of Russia. Obtaining the knowledge and skills necessary for such assistance is the civic duty of every modern person.

Video from YouTube on the topic of the article:

The home first aid kit includes minimum set drugs, which should always be at hand. There is no need to keep a battery of bottles of syrups from different type cough, clog the refrigerator shelf with immunity boosters and eubiotics with " beneficial bacteria, buy antibiotics without a doctor's prescription. After all, 24-hour pharmacies are available to almost everyone, and people with chronic diseases know how much money you need to keep at home.

A universal first aid kit contains what is needed urgently and suddenly, helps to wait for a doctor and can be used by people without a medical education.

Disclaimer. Before purchasing and using drugs, consult your doctor.

The article lists the main active substances drugs. Trade names may differ, with the same active ingredient hundreds of various medicines. Make the choice of your remedy, focusing on the doctor's recommendations and your wallet, and for convenience, use the drug search service for the active substance.

1. Dressing material

Cotton wool. Bandage. Gauze napkins. Patch. Elastic bandage. Gloves. With these essentials, difficulties constantly arise. Everyone knows that they should be at home. But when they are urgently needed, they can not be found. And if cotton wool can still be found in a cosmetic bag, then everything is bad with a bandage and napkins. When you get hurt, you have no time to remember where everything is. Need to take dressing and stop bleeding, so keep your first aid kit stocked.

2. Shoe covers

Do you think shoe covers are not needed at home? More like needed. “They called the doctor, but he didn’t take off his shoes”, “The paramedic trampled in the hallway” - you either heard such complaints, or you yourself at least once said them. Give the doctor and ambulance workers shoe covers, this is a penny solution to a sore problem.

3. Medical devices

Even the most healthy people. Temperature and fluctuations blood pressure happen to everyone, and treatment depends on the readings of the simplest instruments.

4. Painkillers and antipyretics

Paracetamol, ibuprofen, nimesulide are non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In the first aid kit you need to put all three drugs. They differ in time of action, anti-inflammatory activity. Practice shows that if the temperature does not drop from paracetamol, then ibuprofen helps; if ibuprofen failed, nimesulide will save. As remedies for headaches and toothaches, drugs help in different ways, depending on individual tolerance. It is important not to get carried away and not to use all the medicines with an interval of half an hour, but to follow the instructions in the instructions and dosage.

5. Antispasmodics

A sharp attack aching pain may be a symptom of a spasm smooth muscle. Most often the head (with vascular tension) and the stomach (with organ spasm) suffer abdominal cavity). One of the most safe drugs helping in this case - drotaverine. He has little side effects, the main of which is uncontrolled intake by patients who suppress pain instead of curing the cause of its appearance.

6. Antiseptics

Stop smearing yourself with green paint, this is the last century. You can treat the wound so that nothing pinches and leaves no traces of dye with good antiseptics. For example, chlorhexidine. Antiseptics have many other uses. In summer, you can process the feet and armpits so that there is no bad smell sweat. Treat mucous membranes (even with a sore throat). Treat surfaces and various objects, if necessary, disinfect them. Unlike the beloved hydrogen peroxide, special antiseptics do not dry the skin. They don’t stop the blood either, but wounds that are treated without medical intervention will heal anyway (with the help of a tight bandage), and if you need to suture, peroxide will not save.

7. Wound healing drugs

Panthenol should be in the form of a burn spray at home. Contrary to popular advice, burns should absolutely not be lubricated with oil, lard, and everything that grandmothers like to use. Burn is one of the most dangerous injuries, which is very difficult to heal. And even special ointment inflict pain. Say thanks modern forms release, which will cope with minor burns and help to wait for a doctor if the injury requires a doctor's observation.

Panthenol or solcoseryl in the form of ointments and gels will cope with minor household injuries, cuts, abrasions. It is even better if panthenol is combined with an antiseptic, the same chlorhexidine.

8. A set of medicines "for colds"

Most often, we get sick like this: stuffy nose, tickle in the throat, cough, fever. NSAIDs cope with fever (it was written about them above), for other manifestations of ARVI it is used symptomatic treatment. A set of fixed assets is needed so that you do not have to run to the pharmacy when you most want to lie under the covers and just sleep. So, how to save yourself during the period of acute respiratory infections.

Interferon. Many drugs ending in "-feron" help the body quickly connect antibodies to fight the virus. Store candles and sprays in the refrigerator, otherwise they are useless.

Vasoconstrictor nasal drops with oxymetazoline. Heard about drug addiction and an eternal runny nose, from which only constant instillation will save? These are the consequences of the use of older generation drugs. Modern options allow you to hold out for 5-7 days, instilling the drug only twice a day. Result: the virus receded, the addiction did not appear.

Sore throat remedies with antiseptics. Tablets and lozenges are taken to dull the pain a little and make it easier to swallow. Some contain antibiotics that should not be used without medical supervision. Keep home preparations with antiseptics and enzymes, such as lysozyme. Read the instructions and do not eat for two hours after taking to medicinal substances have had an effect.

9. Antihistamines

Antihistamines are used not only to combat allergic reactions. They also help relieve swelling colds(and at least use vasoconstrictor drops in the nose) and get rid of itching after insect bites (if you apply an ointment with the drug to the bite site). There are now many resources causing drowsiness made on the basis of suprastin, dimethindene, cetirizine, in convenient forms and different dosages for children and adults.

10. Sorbents

Activated charcoal is, without a doubt, a time-tested remedy. Helps when they ate something wrong or picked it up intestinal infection. And stories tell about the benefits of coal with excessive alcohol consumption. And they still don't know how to use it. Drinking two black pills is not enough, they drink coal in batches! Pleasure is doubtful. In the meantime, intestinal sorbents based on smectite and lignin appeared, which are used one tablet at a time.

11. Remedies for constipation

The best remedy for this problem is diet. But the diet will work sometime later, and constipation happens here and now. The problem is solved in an elementary way. Lactulose syrup acts from the inside (which is attributed infants, but which works best for adults), outside - suppositories with glycerin. No addiction, no side effects.

12. Oral rehydration products

it faithful friends sorbents and antipyretics. In case of poisoning, diarrhea, vomiting or very high temperature the body needs to recover water-salt balance. Problems begin when in this state you do not want to drink. Making an effort and drinking one glass of a solution that will restore strength is easier than trying to pour liters of compote into yourself.

13. Medicines for hypertensive patients

Most dangerous medicine in the home first aid kit - captopril, which is now recommended to be used instead of the popular nitroglycerin. If you do not have problems with pressure and blood vessels, you should still have captopril: this is a drug that can be given to a patient in case of a hypertensive crisis (one of the most common causes of death in the world) before the ambulance arrives.

Before buying a medicine, study the symptoms of a hypertensive crisis.

Algorithm of actions: they noticed the symptoms, called an ambulance, laid the patient down, provided him with air flow. If he is taking any blood pressure medication, give it. And only if there are no such drugs, put a captopril tablet under the tongue. Important: tell the ambulance staff what you have used. We remember that this is not green or coal, it is strictly forbidden to distribute captopril with "flies in the eyes" just like that.

What is always in your first aid kit “just in case”?