Oophoritis chronic bilateral st of unstable remission. Bilateral oophoritis: what is the danger for a woman? Causing factors for the development of the disease

Bilateral oophoritis is an infectious inflammatory disease of the ovaries. Oophoritis, along with adnexitis (inflammation of the uterine appendages), occupies a leading position among diseases of the female genital area. Women are at risk childbearing age from 15 to 40 years, less often this disease occurs in girls or older women. greatest danger represents a 2-sided oophoritis, since with untimely diagnosis and the lack of qualified medical care, it can cause secondary infertility.

There are many reasons, it can develop as an independent primary disease of the female genital area, and also be a consequence of other diseases of an infectious and inflammatory nature. In this case, they speak of secondary oophoritis.

There are such causes of inflammation from two sides:

infections genitourinary system. The most common causative agents of 2-sided oophoritis are mycoplasmas, ureplasmas, chlamydia, gonorrhea, tuberculosis bacillus. Sometimes bilateral oophoritis can occur against the background of infection with staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus, Escherichia coli, or fungi of the genus Candida. At risk are women who have many sexual partners, and also do not use barrier methods contraception. Of course, there are known cases of infection not sexual, but household way(in swimming pools, saunas, other common areas), but they are extremely rare.
Inflammatory diseases of other pelvic organs, urinary tract can also bilateral oophoritis. This is because pathogens spread through the blood and lymph outside the primary focus inflammation.
Surgical interventions, including abortions, can cause infection of the abdominal region.
A general decrease in immunity can provoke inflammation in the ovaries. The point is that the body healthy person pathogenic microorganisms live, but their number is so small (controlled by the immune system) that they are not able to harm the body. By lowering immune barriers pathogenic microflora begins to multiply actively and causes inflammatory processes. This reason explains chronic oophoritis, which is aggravated precisely with a decrease in immunity.
Intrauterine contraception (spiral) indirectly affects the occurrence of bilateral oophoritis. When it is installed or removed, pathogenic bacteria. The focus of inflammation occurs directly in the uterus, from it it spreads to the appendages, and from the appendages it passes to the ovaries. That is why oophoritis caused by this cause is often accompanied.
Non-compliance with hygiene also affects the occurrence of the inflammatory process. In this case, we can talk about infection with staphylococcus aureus or streptococcus, Escherichia coli.

Forms and symptoms

Bilateral oophoritis can take the form of an acute, subacute or chronic disease.

In an acute course, there are severe pains in the lower abdomen on both sides (since two ovaries are inflamed), they have a pulling or aching character. Sometimes patients complain of a painful indication in the ovarian region. Body temperature can reach high levels, up to 38 degrees. Unhealthy discharge from the genital tract appears. Depending on the pathogen, their color varies from milky to yellow or greenish. May be present bad smell. When infected with Candida fungi, white discharge and curdled consistency, patients complain of severe itching into the vagina.

An increase in body temperature up to 38 degrees is one of the symptoms of bilateral oophoritis

In case of incorrect or untimely treatment acute 2-sided oophoritis, it becomes chronic. Symptoms will vary from acute course diseases. Here, the main signs of bilateral oophoritis will be aching pain in the lower abdomen of medium or low intensity, there is usually no rise in temperature. Patients complain of depression emotional condition, excessive irritability and feeling tired. During sexual intercourse, pain may occur. Allocations are also present even at the beginning of the cycle. chronic course diseases can cause problems menstrual cycle, as well as change the nature of menstruation (more copious discharge than usual, or vice versa - very scarce).

The subacute form is rare and combines signs of acute and chronic oophoritis. Occurs suddenly, the temperature may rise and appear sharp pain in the ovaries, but the next day the intensity of the manifestations is so small that the patients do not go to the doctor. This is the insidiousness and danger of the subacute form of oophoritis - it often becomes chronic, the treatment of which is quite complicated and lengthy.

Diagnosis of the disease

Diagnosis of 2-sided inflammation of the appendages includes several stages.

To begin with, the gynecologist collects the patient's history, finds out the presence chronic diseases whether there have been abortions in the past, analyzes the symptoms. Then proceeds to examination in the gynecological chair. Experienced doctor already at this stage, it can determine the presence of an inflammatory process in the ovaries - the appendages are enlarged in size, and the patient feels pain during palpation. However, in order to avoid an erroneous diagnosis, as well as to exclude other diseases, additional laboratory and hardware tests are carried out. diagnostic measures.

Samples are taken to determine pathogenic microflora, as well as blood from a vein and a finger. After the pathogen is identified, the doctor determines how to treat oophoritis.

Additionally, it can be produced ultrasound procedure on the subject of whether there are any formations (cysts) on the ovaries, which can also cause inflammation. After the diagnosis is made, the doctor determines what treatment to this case will be appropriate.

Treatment

To cure bilateral oophoritis, you need to carry out a set of measures:

Since inflammation of both ovaries often causes infertility, oophoritis should be treated on time and not wait for complications.

Prevention of 2-sided oophoritis

After the main treatment is performed, patients need to follow simple preventive measures to avoid recurrence of the disease.

Using barrier methods of contraception (condom) and avoiding promiscuity.
Timely application for medical care to prevent complications and the transition of the disease into a chronic form.
3. A complex approach to treatment, compliance with all recommendations of the doctor.
4. Prevention of hypothermia in the autumn-winter period.
5. Strengthening immunity with the help of special preparations, vitamin complexes as well as proper nutrition and daily routine.

The above methods will significantly increase the chances of a complete recovery and help to avoid possible infertility.

Oophoritis is an inflammatory process in the ovaries that causes damage to the genitourinary system of a woman. Consider the main causes of the disease, symptoms, diagnostic methods, methods of treatment and prevention. Oophoritis is very dangerous for women. reproductive system disease. Due to the inflammatory process in the ovary, inflammation of the fallopian tubes is possible. Pathology occurs both in one ovary, causing unilateral oophoritis, and in both (bilateral inflammation of the ovaries).

If the inflammatory process is common to the ovaries and uterine appendages, then this indicates the development of salpingo-oophoritis or adnexitis.

The disease can have a specific etiology and its cause is the causative agents of diseases such as gonorrhea, chlamydia, tuberculosis, trichomoniasis. In some cases, inflammation is caused by nonspecific or conditionally pathogenic microflora, that is, streptococci, staphylococci, E. coli or candida. Hypothermia, the menstrual cycle, abortions, surgical manipulations on the genitals, or the use of an intrauterine device can provoke the disease.

Often, inflammation of the ovaries is of a secondary nature, that is, it develops due to the ascent of infection from the uterus, fallopian tubes or cervical canal. AT rare cases pathogens of oophoritis penetrate the gonads through the lymph and blood. Without timely treatment, the infection spreads to the fallopian tubes, causing them to thicken. Pathological changes in the ovaries negatively affect periadnexitis, and the accumulated inflammatory exudate causes the accumulation of pus and forms a pyovar. Further spread of the infection goes beyond the ovary and is accompanied by pelpioperitonitis.

AT gynecological department women who are concerned about menstrual irregularities and a long absence of pregnancy are often treated. Having carried out all the necessary diagnostic measures, the doctor determines the cause of such failures. Often it becomes oophoritis. What it is? Symptoms and treatment of the disease.

What is oophoritis? And why does it occur in women? This disease is an inflammatory process that occurs in the ovaries and is accompanied by unpleasant sensations.

The most basic reason why bilateral oophoritis is formed in women is the penetration of the infectious agent into the fallopian tubes, through which it then entered the ovaries in an ascending way.

More susceptible to oophoritis are those women who often change sexual partners and do not use contraceptives. Also, the disease can cause complications after caesarean section, after childbirth, abortion, surgery in the uterus.

Bilateral oophoritis can cause the following reasons:

Infectious diseases, sexually transmitted.
Inflammations that occur in the body, for example, inflammation of the seam after a cesarean.
Abortions performed on late term pregnancy.
The appearance of complications after childbirth in women, childbirth by caesarean section, as a result of which the seam may become inflamed.
Hypothermia of the body.
Stressful situations, depression.
crash hormonal background.
Use of coils to prevent pregnancy.

In most cases, bilateral ovarian oophoritis in women can affect nearby genitals. To prevent this from happening, timely treatment is necessary.

Clinical picture of the disease

Signs of oophoritis appear depending on the stage at which the pathology develops and how it proceeds. Therefore, experts distinguish several varieties of ovarian inflammation in women.

Acute form of pathology

The manifestation of acute oophoritis in a woman is pronounced. Signs of pathology greatly torment patients, require urgent intervention by doctors. This stage causes the following symptoms oophoritis:

High body temperature.
The occurrence of chills, weakness throughout the body, a decrease in efficiency.
Failure in the functioning of the digestive system.
Pain in the lower abdomen, in the head, muscle tissues and also when urinating.
Vaginal discharge that contains pus.
Bleeding from the uterus caused by a malfunction of the gonad.
Pain during sexual intercourse.

Acute bilateral ovarian oophoritis is diagnosed by a gynecologist when examining a patient on a chair. He notices a strong increase in the ovaries due to swelling and inflammation. When you press on the affected area, the woman feels pain.

Chronic stage of the disease

Chronic oophoritis develops slowly, does not have such bright signs bilateral oophoritis, as in acute form. This stage is characterized by the following manifestations:

Failure of the menstrual cycle in women, lengthening or shortening of menstruation, profusion or scarcity of bleeding.
Soreness in the groin area of a aching nature, as well as during sexual intercourse.
Scanty discharge, having White color and running regularly.

Chronic ovarian oophoritis is of little concern to the patient, so it is rarely possible to identify it in a timely manner. Usually, ovarian pathology is discovered when trying to establish why a woman cannot conceive a child or she has menstrual irregularities. When the gynecologist feels the area of the appendages, the patient feels pain, and the doctor feels an increase in the woman's ovaries.

The manifestation of signs of chronic oophoritis relate to and nervous system, for example, the ability to work decreases, nervousness appears, there is no desire to sleep and eat, one feels constant fatigue. In some cases, chronic oophoritis in women occurs not as a result of undertreated acute oophoritis, but as an independent pathology of the ovaries.

Subacute form of the disease

Subacute oophoritis of the ovaries in women is diagnosed quite rarely. It occurs when a woman's body develops fungal or tuberculosis bacteria. The signs of this stage are also manifested as in acute oophoritis, but they are less pronounced.

Thanks to modern methods This stage of ovarian inflammation can be successfully treated. And if you do not fight it, then the disease will flow into chronic type, then therapy will last long and difficult.

Inflammation on the left and right side of the uterus

Since the uterine inflammatory process in women can affect not only two ovaries at once, but only one, left-sided and right-sided oophoritis are isolated. Their symptoms disturb patients in almost the same way, however, there are some differences.

For example, right-sided oophoritis causes a woman severe pain of a sharp nature with right side. This symptom is very similar to the symptom of appendicitis. In this regard, the doctor needs to exclude the presence of pathology of the appendix during the examination.

Left-sided oophoritis of the ovaries in women leads to pain in the left side. Basically, the infection passes from one ovary to another, so most often it still develops bilateral inflammation. Right-sided and left-sided oophoritis together cause pain not in a specific side, but in the lower abdomen, lumbar and sacral.

Inflammation in pregnancy

The combination of chronic bilateral oophoritis of the ovaries and the conception of a child is considered unsuccessful. After all, the activity of the ovaries is disturbed, which produces negative effect for conception normal course pregnancy and childbirth. This is due to the fact that these organs are responsible for the full maturation of the egg and its release from the follicle.

Even if there is a chance to become pregnant with inflammation of the ovaries, then before that you should undergo a thorough examination and treat perioophoritis. If this is not done, then there may be negative consequences:

Failure of the hormonal background in a woman, which can lead to a miscarriage.
Development ectopic pregnancy. It happens that the occurrence of right-sided or left-sided oophoritis of the ovaries is combined with inflammation of the uterine tubes. As a result, adhesions are formed, which can interfere with the normal fertilization of the egg.
Inability to conceive a child. Disrupted ovarian function adversely affects the formation of a mature egg, as a result of which ovulation does not occur.
Transmission of the infection to the baby. It can happen like in utero and when the woman is about to give birth.

Identification of the disease

Bilateral oophoritis of the ovaries in women is found with difficulty. After all, the symptoms of the disease are very similar to other diseases of the abdominal organs. In most cases, the detection of pathology occurs when a woman goes to the doctor with a complaint about changes in the menstrual cycle or a long absence of pregnancy.

Therefore, it is very important to make an accurate diagnosis. In order to carry out the following diagnostic measures for inflammation of the ovaries in women:

The study of the patient's symptoms and information about past abortions, difficult births, the use of spirals to prevent unwanted pregnancy, the presence of diseases of the genital organs and inflammation of the sutures after childbirth.
Inspection in the chair, in which the specialist feels an increase in the ovaries and the mobility of the uterus.
Laboratory studies of blood, urine and smear. With the development of inflammation, there is increased content leukocytes. With the help of a smear, the pathogen and its sensitivity to antibacterial drugs are determined.
Ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs, with the help of which it is possible to see inflammation, its localization.
Analysis for ovarian oophoritis for the presence in the body of an infection that caused the development of the disease. If there is a gonorrheal or tuberculous inflammatory process, then additional measures diagnostics.
Hysterosalpingoscopy to detect severe violations the structure of the uterine tubes, the cause, the ovaries began to become inflamed.
Laparoscopy, which is the most effective way examinations for inflammation of the ovaries of women. It gives the doctor more information about the condition of the uterus. This method is used when there are constant pain in the lower abdomen, there is inflammation of the ovaries, for a long time unable to conceive a child, there is inefficiency medical method treatment of oophoritis. The diagnostic measure allows you to establish violations of the patency of the fallopian tubes in a woman, the formation of adhesions and the penetration of infection.

How to get rid of the disease?

Treatment of oophoritis is prescribed from the moment it is delivered accurate diagnosis. The doctor draws up a treatment plan depending on the stage of the disease and what symptoms it causes.

If a woman suffers from acute oophoritis of the ovaries, then treatment in a hospital is necessary under the constant supervision of specialists. Patients must comply with strict bed rest, they are allowed to apply something cold to the affected area of \u200b\u200bthe body. The doctor necessarily prescribes antibiotics for inflammation of the ovaries.

It is also recommended to use drugs that have desensitizing, analgesic properties. In addition, it is required to maintain the state immune system to strengthen the body. The subacute type of pathology is also treated, but physiotherapy procedures are also added.

Treatment of chronic ovarian oophoritis in women is carried out for a rather long period of time and is complex. After all, this stage often leads to the development of various severe complications which can often be treated with surgery alone. Each patient is assigned individual therapy. Treatment for chronic oophoritis of the ovaries consists of taking medicines and physiotherapy procedures.

A procedure such as electrophoresis, laser therapy, massage, and magnet treatment is widely used for inflammation of the ovaries in women. These techniques help reduce the risk of obstruction in the fallopian tubes and the formation of adhesions. Also, acupuncture is used to eliminate pain.

The most basic task of the treatment plan for oophoritis is the suppression of the inflammatory process. In addition, it is necessary to restore the activity of the reproductive system, activate the immune system, normalize the hormonal background, get rid of disorders of the vascular and nervous systems.

When prescribing antibiotics, the sensitivity of the pathogen to a particular drug is first determined. Otherwise, the recommended drug for oophoritis in women may be ineffective. Be sure to take vitamins to strengthen the body, painkillers to eliminate discomfort,

Many doctors prefer drugs in the form rectal suppositories. They are quickly absorbed into the blood and within a few minutes begin to act. It is recommended to use Betadine. Such suppositories with oophoritis are able to destroy the infection, eliminate pain, and suppress inflammation.

Disease Prevention

In order to prevent the development of inflammation of the ovaries in women, it is necessary to regularly undergo examinations by a gynecologist. After all, the disease can proceed without manifestations, which makes it difficult to detect it in time. It is necessary to get rid of any inflammation that develops in the pelvic organs in a timely manner.

It is necessary to refuse to conduct a promiscuous sexual life in order to avoid sexually transmitted infections, use contraceptives, prevent abortions, and treat stitches after childbirth.

It is important to lead healthy lifestyle life, eat right, exercise exercise, fully rest. You should also know what oophoritis is in order to recognize changes in the body and contact a gynecologist in time.

Thus, ovarian perioophoritis in women is serious illness, which may arise from different reasons, for example, act as a complication after caesarean section, abortion, wearing a spiral to prevent conception and other factors. If the first symptoms of inflammation are detected, you should immediately visit a doctor, otherwise there is high risk do not conceive a child.

Oophoritis is inflammation of the ovaries. It can be unilateral and bilateral, acute and chronic. Among women reproductive age prolonged oophoritis can cause infertility and disharmony in sexual life. If it develops acute inflammation ovaries with purulent complications, there may be a threat to life.

Isolated oophoritis is rare. In most cases, there is or inflammation of both the ovaries and fallopian tubes (these reproductive organs are called uterine appendages).

Causes of oophoritis

An inflammatory reaction in the ovaries can develop in various pathological situations. Among them, the main place, of course, is occupied by infections. But their etiological role can also play pelvic area injuries, inflammatory diseases of organs adjacent to the ovaries, as well as changes in the structure of the ovary, which are observed with cysts and neoplasms(inflammation occurs as a defense mechanism).

Infectious agents can get to the internal reproductive organs both from the outside (through the vagina), and through the blood and lymph flow. Highest value in the development of oophoritis have the following infectious agents:

mycobacteria;

Factors provoking the penetration of these pathogens into the ovaries:

In addition, the infection can penetrate from the anatomical structures adjacent to the ovaries. This is possible with, and other diseases.

The most common cause of chronic oophoritis is untreated acute oophoritis. Hypothermia, strong, therapeutic and diagnostic manipulations on the genitals can provoke an exacerbation of chronic oophoritis.

Symptoms of oophoritis

Acute oophoritis is characterized by a pronounced clinical picture. Patients are usually concerned about:

Chronic oophoritis, in turn, proceeds more hidden- No severe pain, discharge, temperature, etc. However, pathology makes itself felt in various ways, hormonal disorders discomfort during intercourse. Some patients experience pain during ovulation, when a mature egg leaves the ovary, which is accompanied by a violation of its integrity.

The development of chronic inflammation of the ovaries is associated with both hormonal imbalance (it is the ovaries that synthesize the main part of female sex hormones) and a violation of egg production.

Diagnostics

Women with suspected ovarian inflammation should undergo comprehensive examination because the clinical picture this disease very similar to a host of other gynecological (and not only) diseases.

The patient examination plan usually includes:

gynecological examination;
pelvic organs;
research on infections;
blood and urine analysis.

In some cases, resort to diagnostic laparoscopy, during which therapeutic measures can be taken immediately.

Be sure to visit a gynecologist and undergo an examination to identify possible chronic inflammation of the ovaries is necessary for women who suffer from infertility, have various problems with menstruation (delay, severe pain, heavy or vice versa scanty bleeding) cannot fully live intimate life due to pain and discomfort.

Treatment of oophoritis

Treatment of oophoritis depends on clinical picture ailment. In most cases, inflammation can be eliminated by conservative methods. If a purulent process develops, doctors have to resort to surgical intervention.

To conservative methods Treatments for oophoritis include:

drug therapy;
physiotherapy;
gynecological massage;
herbal medicine (exclusively as an auxiliary method).

aim drug treatment inflammation of the ovaries is the elimination of infectious agents, reducing the severity inflammatory response and raising immune protection, normalization of the functioning of the ovaries. For this, gynecologists prescribe to patients:

(one or more - it all depends on the pathogens identified during the analyzes). Preference is given to broad-spectrum drugs that penetrate well into the ovarian tissue.
Anti-inflammatory drugs. They relieve inflammation and reduce the severity pain syndrome. Apply them inside or rectally (in the form of suppositories).
Immunomodulators(most often means based on interferons).
Combined oral contraceptives (normalize the secretory activity of the ovaries).
Vitamin complexes.

Among the wide range of physiotherapy procedures, preference is given to the following:

electrophoresis;
laser therapy;
magnetotherapy.

The use of physiotherapeutic methods is possible only after elimination acute symptoms diseases. Thanks to physiotherapeutic influences, it is possible to achieve complete cessation inflammatory process and prevent the occurrence of adhesions (inflamed ovaries can "stick together" into a conglomerate with surrounding organs).

When is surgery indicated?

To surgical treatment resort in case of development purulent complications – tubo-ovarian abscess and pelvioperitonitis. To prevent these complications, you must consult a doctor immediately, and not self-medicate.

If pus has accumulated in the area of the ovaries and fallopian tubes, they laparoscopic surgery. It is less traumatic because it does not require extensive access to the operated organ. All surgical manipulations are carried out through small incisions under the control of optical technology.

In the case of the spread of the inflammatory process to the peritoneum surrounding the reproductive organs (this pathology is called pelvioperitonitis), abdominal surgery allowing better sanitation of the abdominal and pelvic cavity. If the inflammatory process is running, it may be necessary radical removal the affected ovary along with the fallopian tube.

Prevention

Prevention of oophoritis includes:

Regular gynecological examinations. Every woman should visit a gynecologist at least once a year preventive purposes because many female diseases may be asymptomatic.
Early detection inflammatory processes in reproductive organs(any harmless vaginitis or cervicitis can become a source of infection for the uterus and its appendages).
Protection against sexually transmitted infections.
Diagnosis and treatment inflammatory diseases organs located near the ovaries.
Healthy lifestyle. Proper nutrition, rejection bad habits, physical activity, good sleep and rest - all these factors increase the ability female body resist infections.

It is important to remember that the ovary is an organ that determines a woman's ability to have children. Therefore, any pathological changes it affects reproductive function. Chronic inflammatory processes are especially unsafe. Against the background of chronic oophoritis, there are problems with conception, and in the event of an onset long-awaited pregnancy – various complications pregnancy.

Zubkova Olga Sergeevna, medical commentator, epidemiologist

Chronic oophoritis is an inflammatory process of ovarian tissues. Most often occurs due to lack of treatment acute stage diseases. The main reason is the entry of infectious bacteria into the genitals of a woman. To treat the inflammation itself, it is necessary to eliminate the source of its occurrence.

Causes of pathology

There are several reasons that contribute to the development of chronic inflammation of the ovaries:

infection genital tract - ingestion of chlamydia, mycoplasma, gonococci, Trichomonas, streptococci, etc.;
sharp infectious diseases respiratory tract- angina, tuberculosis;
hypothermia of the body - provokes a drop in immunity and activation of inflammatory processes, reproduction pathogenic bacteria, hypothermia of the lower back and sitting on cold surfaces especially strongly affect the occurrence of the disease;
inflammatory processes of other genital organs - vaginitis, endometritis, cervicitis;
frequent stress, overwork - reduce the body's resistance;
hormonal imbalance - leads to a malfunction of the reproductive system;
inflammation of adjacent organs of the peritoneum - often appendicitis becomes the cause of chronic oophoritis;
a large number of sexual partners - increases the risk of infection;
conducting surgical interventions and others similar procedures, including abortion, curettage, installation of an intrauterine device;
the course of chronic diseases that reduce the level of immunity - diabetes, obesity.

Most often, the onset of the disease is influenced by several reasons at once.

Development mechanism

The ovaries are the female reproductive organs located outside the uterus, to which they are connected by the fallopian tubes. They partially communicate with abdominal cavity, near them are the rectum, ureters and large arteries.

The ovaries are less susceptible to infection than other genital organs - initially, the pathogenic microflora enters the vagina, then through the cervical canal into the uterus. It is he who reliably protects the main genital organs from external influences by producing mucus. The infection that has entered the uterus is eliminated during menstruation along with the rejected top layer her epithelium. Therefore, for the defeat of the ovaries, the presence of the following factors is necessary:

severe infection with pathogenic microorganisms;
violation of the functionality of the cervical canal - insufficient secretion of mucus;
decline contractility uterus.

This condition often occurs after minimally invasive surgical interventions, abortion, childbirth, the formation of tumors in the genitals. Therefore, patients in these cases are often prescribed a preventive course of treatment to normalize the vaginal microflora.

The development of oophoritis during infection through the genital tract is often preceded by cervicitis, endometritis and adnexitis.

The second variant of the origin of inflammation is the penetration of infection through the circulatory or lymphatic system. Most often this happens after ovulation - a bursting mature follicle leaves in its place an unprotected ovarian membrane, susceptible to the influence of various pathogenic bacteria. Penetrating deep into the body, the pathogen causes inflammation of the entire ovary.

Classification

There are two main types of chronic ovarian inflammation - specific and non-specific. The difference is determined by the type of causative agent of inflammation:

Nonspecific. Provoked by penetration opportunistic bacteria – coli, staphylococci, streptococci, enterococci.
Specific. It develops under the influence of sexually transmitted infections - chlamydia, ureaplasma, mycoplasma, gonococci, Trichomonas.

Regardless of chronic inflammation of the ovaries, the symptoms of its manifestation remain the same. This disease is most often caused by genital infections, under the influence of which it can be present for many years.

Most genital infections are asymptomatic in the body, and with a decrease in immunity, they begin to actively multiply, causing inflammatory processes.

The main symptoms of oophoritis

The degree of manifestation of symptoms is different and depends on the type of disease and the cause of its occurrence. Signs of oophoritis are present to a much lesser extent with its repeated manifestation or with high level immunity.

acute form

Diagnosed with primary infection or with exacerbation of chronic oophoritis. It is considered the most severe form of the disease. It manifests itself with the following symptoms:

severe pain in the lower abdomen, radiating to the rectum, sacrum or lower back;
nausea, bouts of vomiting;
high body temperature;
general weakness;
headache;
character change vaginal discharge- the appearance of impurities of blood and pus;
abdominal tension.

On palpation, the doctor notes the soreness of the ovary and their increase. Symptoms persist for about 10 days. Treatment takes place in a hospital, less often at home, but under the strict supervision of a doctor. After the expiration of the period, the patient recovers, otherwise the disease flows into a chronic form.

Subacute form

It is extremely rare, it is a consequence of mycotic or tuberculous infectious lesions. Symptoms of subacute oophoritis are similar to its acute manifestation, but are felt by patients to a lesser extent. In the absence of proper treatment, there is a possibility of leakage into a chronic type of inflammation of the ovaries.

Chronic form

Occurs as a result of undertreated acute or subacute oophoritis, in some cases it is independent disease. It has phases of exacerbation and remission.
Last at correct selection treatment and maintenance therapy can last for several years without harming the patient. Most often, exacerbations occur about 2-4 times a year during the change of seasons. The prolonged course of the disease causes a violation of the blood supply to the ovaries, the appearance in them dystrophic changes. All this disrupts the production of hormones, leading to a failure of the menstrual cycle. The main signs of chronic oophoritis:

aching pain in the lower abdomen resulting from adhesive processes fallopian tubes, ovaries and uterus;
insomnia;
depressive states;
increased premenstrual syndrome;
pain during intercourse;
irritability, sharp drops sentiments;
heavy menstrual bleeding;
lack of sexual desire.

In most cases, there are no symptoms, the disease is manifested only by a violation of the course monthly cycle. When an exacerbation occurs, similar to acute form oophoritis signs present to a much lesser extent. This condition provokes a decrease in immunity, colds and viral diseases, hypothermia, frequent stress.

Is it possible to get pregnant with chronic oophoritis

The course of chronic inflammation of the ovaries significantly worsens the possibility of conceiving and bearing a baby. This is due to the following factors:

deterioration of the appendages;
violation of the menstrual cycle;
hormonal disbalance;
obstruction of the fallopian tubes;
adhesive processes;
increased risk of ectopic pregnancy, spontaneous miscarriage.

Read also Treatment of inflammation of the female ovaries with antibacterial drugs

With inflammation of only one ovary, the possibility of pregnancy persists, which is most likely with chronic left-sided oophoritis.
With bilateral damage to the appendages, the chance of fertilization is significantly reduced due to dysfunction of both organs. The simultaneous course of oophoritis and salpingitis, inflammation of the fallopian tubes, leading to their obstruction, negatively affects the possibility of pregnancy. Therefore, before planning a child, the disease should be completely eliminated or stable remission should be achieved.

During pregnancy, a woman's immunity decreases, which is natural reaction organism at given state.
In the presence of chronic oophoritis, this often provokes its exacerbation. Therefore, during the period of bearing a baby, the patient must especially carefully monitor her own health, avoid colds hypothermia, use barrier methods of contraception or exclude sexual life. To control the disease, you should regularly visit a gynecologist for tests.

Exacerbation of chronic oophoritis during pregnancy is dangerous by excessive reproduction pathogenic microorganisms that are able to penetrate the child through the placental barrier.

Unilateral chronic inflammation of the ovaries

This disease can occur in acute, subacute or chronic form.
In this case, only one ovary is affected - on the left or on the right. Localization of pain depends on the location of the inflamed organ. Chronic right-sided oophoritis most often develops when the appendage is infected through the lymphatic or circulatory system during gynecological procedures. Since the right ovary is considered dominant in most women, it is this type of disease that significantly reduces the likelihood of conception.

Chronic left-sided oophoritis is a consequence of an infectious lesion of the genital organs, a decrease in immunity, and hypothermia. Represents the least risk of violation reproductive function, since the left ovary is usually less active and smaller than the right organ.

Bilateral ovarian involvement

Occurs less frequently than unilateral oophoritis. Manifested painful sensations, the degree of which depends on the phase of the disease. Most often develops after unprotected intercourse, hypothermia, decreased immunity, nervous strain. Chronic bilateral oophoritis is greatest risk infertility.

Simultaneous infection of the ovaries and uterine cavity - salpingo-oophoritis.

Possible Complications

Complications are determined by the severity of oophoritis, the frequency of its exacerbations and concomitant chronic diseases:

bowel disease;
diseases of the urinary system;
violation of the level of hormones;
irregular menstrual cycle;
failure of the central nervous system;
ectopic pregnancy;
infertility as a result of obstruction of the fallopian tubes or hormonal failure.

All complications can be prevented with well-chosen treatment for chronic oophoritis.

Diagnostic studies

For an accurate diagnosis, the patient must undergo a series of examinations:

survey - reveals the symptoms of the disease, the presence of abortions, childbirth and medical interventions in history;
gynecological examination - determination of the state of the genital organs, the nature of the discharge;
a smear from the cervix and vaginal walls - reveals possible infectious lesions;
Ultrasound of the pelvis - precise definition the size of the genital organs and a possible inflammatory process;
general blood and urine tests - indicators of the state of the body;

If it is difficult to make a diagnosis, the doctor may prescribe additional types research.