Dermatomycosis of the scalp treatment. Inguinal ringworm. Principles of treatment of dermatomycosis

Dermatomycosis of smooth skin, nails, or scalp fungal pathology, affecting the skin human or hair follicles. Pathology, due to the widespread distribution of the pathogen, occurs throughout Russia. But in regions with a humid warm climate, the incidence is much higher. In summer, the number of sick people increases compared to the winter months.

According to statistics, in children and the elderly, the causative agents of dermatomycosis are more common than in persons of the middle age group. The disease is one of the most contagious pathologies. Has a tendency to chronicize the process, especially in the absence of adequate treatment. So what are the symptoms and treatment of the disease? Is the disease contagious or not?

Modern classification of the disease

The classification of dermatomycosis is quite complicated. Distinguish between superficial and deep types. Superficial dermatomycosis is diagnosed only on the surface layers of the skin. They leave the underlying tissues intact. Deep dermatomycosis of the skin is manifested by a fungal infection of the internal organs (aspergillosis, mucorosis, fusariotoxicosis are diagnosed).

Molds migrate to the lymphatic, hematopoietic, respiratory system disrupting their functioning. According to the topographic location of the focus, ringworm occurs on the foot, face, hands, scalp, under the beard. This is the main classification of the disease.

The mechanism of the development of the disease

Dermatomycosis is a rather contagious pathology. To transmit the pathogen, hyphae are needed: threads or spores of the fungus. Once on the skin, they begin active reproduction. The highest rate of reproduction occurs when high humidity, high temperature(25-30 gr. Celsius) and acid-base balance. The nutrition of the colonies is due to kerotene.

Acid-base balance changes with age. The lower the acidity of sweat, the higher the risk of getting dermatomycosis. Peak acidity of sweat falls on a period of up to 2 years. At this time, children get sick only occasionally, becoming infected with trichomycosis. Then, until the age of twelve, the acidity decreases slightly.

Once again, sweat becomes acidic during active puberty, making the teenager virtually invulnerable to fungi of any kind. Little of, hairline acquires some fatty acids intolerable to infection. As the body ages, especially in tandem with a weakened immune system, hormonal and metabolic disruptions, the protective (barrier) functions of the epidermis also decrease. At diabetes, severe blood loss, chronic poisoning, work in some types of production ( occupational hazards) the risk of contracting any kind of dermatomycosis of the skin only increases.

The causative agent and ways of transmission of the disease

Causative agents of dermatomycosis: fungi Microsporum, Epidermophyton, Trichophyton capable of assimilating kerotene. Superficial dermatomycosis is also provoked by yeast-like fungi from genus Candida. Ways of transmission of infection to humans:

1. From person to person (anthropophilic fungi are transmitted). Infection occurs through close contact, the use of common household items.
2. Animals are infected with zoophilic fungi. They come from the wool, excretions of the animal. Often, pets (cats, dogs, hamsters) become sources of infection;
3. From the soil (geophilic fungi). The infection multiplies in the soil. Infection occurs after contact with the ground: country and garden work, outdoor recreation, strong dust pollution.

Diagnostic methods

Timely, accurate laboratory diagnosis is very important if infection with any type of fungal infection is suspected. It is important to accurately conduct microscopy and identify the pathogen. Only after that, adequate treatment is prescribed and the most stable is expected. therapeutic effect. A tissue sample or an imprint on a glass slide is suitable for research. Do the analysis with a microscope.

Dermatomycosis. Symptoms, causes and treatments

DERMATOMYCOSIS, fungal diseases© ringworm

English bulldog. Part 29 - 1. Dermatomycosis or Trichophytosis

To diagnose ringworm of the scalp and beard, a Wood's lamp is sometimes used. The device causes the affected hair to glow, indicating the presence of a fungal infection. This reduces the diagnostic time to several minutes, because there is no need for a laboratory study.

Prevention

To prevent the disease, you should have individual towels. There should be disposable paper napkins in the public office. Under no circumstances should you wear someone else's shoes, especially shoes and boots. Feet, soles, the area between the toes should be thoroughly wiped until completely dry. This is done immediately after a shower or swimming in the pool, since moisture and heat are a favorite environment for fungal colonies.

Avoid dark, damp rooms. This is very harmful, because you are creating ideal conditions for the development of symptoms of dermatomycosis. If you are the owner of a pet (cats, dogs), visit the veterinarian with him twice a year. At the first suspicious symptoms, consult a specialist unscheduled. It is especially important to carry out the prevention of the disease if there are children in the house.

Clinical picture of the disease

Symptoms of ringworm depend on the location of the fungal colonies. For example: ringworm of the feet is manifested by lamellar peeling with frequent formation of blisters in the interdigital space. Running stage the disease appears with pain when walking, inflammation of the entire area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe foot. Ringworm of the foot requires the appointment of adequate treatment, without which it almost never disappears on its own.

Symptoms of ringworm of the nails

Ringworm of the nails is more often diagnosed on the legs, but pathologies nail phalanges on the hands are formed many times less often. Nails affected by a fungus thicken, quickly bend, change their usual color. The subungual space becomes a receptacle for dead cells, which destroys the nail plate as a whole.

Symptoms of ringworm of the beard and mustache

Develops acutely, extremely rarely recorded chronic course illness. Papules and pustules appear, leading to the destruction of hair follicles. To general symptoms diseases join specific symptoms. This happens due to the settlement of the infection directly in hair follicle and not on smooth skin or on the nail plate.

Ringworm of the beard is fraught with cosmetic defects, and the man is forced to go to the doctor. The affected epidermis is covered with granules, crusts. Quickly joins secondary infection, causing local inflammation and swelling.

Symptoms of the scalp

Dermatomycosis in children is more often recorded on the scalp. First, papules appear, rapidly increasing in size. Soon they begin to resemble nodes, resembling a boil. Hair in the place of their growth becomes brittle, when combed, it quickly breaks. The affected area becomes bald, being replaced by scaly areas of the epidermis. At the site of dry peeling, a secondary infection may join, melting the hair follicles.

Dermatomycosis of the scalp is characterized by areas of a part of microsporia or trichophytosis. Microsporia is a symptom when the hair body breaks off just a few millimeters near the skin, and trichophytosis is when it falls directly from the hair follicle.

Symptoms of ringworm of smooth skin

Such a pathology is located not only on the lower leg, torso, forearms, but also in the groin area. groin area at heavy sweating highly hydrated, which creates favorable conditions for the development of fungal colonies. Scaly (dry) patches or crusted areas may form. The growths are round in shape, the center of which heals, but the infection does not stop. May join erythema, pyoderma, pustular rashes of varying intensity.

Treatment with oral medications

Treatment of ringworm of the nails, scalp often requires strong antifungal drugs intended for oral administration in the form of tablets. To date, this is the most efficient view therapy. Most often prescribed:

• Nizoral. The drug has been used since the eighties of the 20th century. With long courses of treatment, due to side effects, liver function should be monitored;
• Diflucan (forkan, mycosyst, flucostat, medoflucan) - antifungal tablets having a wide range actions. Most effective for deep mycoses, fungal infection of the nail plates, microsporia;
• Introcanazole (irunin, rumikoz, oruni). Drug for bullet therapy. The active substance circulates in the blood plasma for 7 days, therefore it is possible to take introcanazole once, which makes it easier to defeat ringworm.

It is necessary to take the tablets at the prescribed rate. Even after the disappearance of all symptoms, do not stop the use of antifungal agents, because the fungus is an insidious pathogen. Inflammatory process can recur, disrupting the skin pattern and bringing a lot of unpleasant symptoms. Additionally, treatment of ringworm of the skin is carried out locally, for which ointments, dressings, patches are used.

Treatment with ointments

With superficial dermatomycosis of the skin, treatment with drugs for local application, - this is effective technique. It begins to be used even before the results of laboratory tests are received. Often used ointments that are detrimental to pathogens. They are produced with an antifungal active ingredient: terbinafine, clotrimazole, miconazole, ketoconazole. The drugs in this group include:

• Lamisil. Representative of the terbnenofin group. Does not leave a chance for survival of dermatophyte fungi, molds and dimorphic fungi. The ointment is ideal for prevention and local treatment.
• Clotrimazole.
• Ketoconazole.
• Econazole.
• Naftifin.

It is worth using the drugs according to the instructions. But usually the entire affected area is covered with ointment with a slight seizure. healthy skin. Apply carefully, completely smearing the entire required surface. The procedure is repeated 2-4 times a day.

Antifungal solutions

Instead of ointments, solutions are suitable that wipe or wash both the affected areas and the areas of greatest contact with potential objects of infection. For example: with unprotected sexual intercourse, the genitals and groin area suffer the maximum “hit”, because many fungi are localized on the human genitals. What will help to better process the vagina? Ointment or solution for douching? Of course, douching is faster and easier than covering the entire inner surface genital tract and groin.

Often added to antifungal solutions active ingredients with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antiprotozoal action. It only exacerbates healing effect making the drug multi-purpose. An alcoholic solution of iodine, Burov's compresses, calcium chloride, 10%, 0.25% silver nitrate with the addition of 1% resorcinol are used. Easy to apply antifungal agent in the form of aerosols, spray. Irrigation of the surface of the skin, mucous membranes in this way is of high quality, with good therapeutic results including microscopy sites.

Treatment regimen and additional therapies

If blisters appear and they periodically burst, then be sure to use compresses that dry the medicines. Never open swollen cavities yourself. The inner content contains great amount material for the reproduction of the fungus, because you will only provoke the further spread of the disease. If you suffer from dermatomycosis of the feet (epidermophytosis), then be sure to “treat” your shoes as well, sprinkling liberally with clotrimazole powder.

1. Table of regimens for the treatment of dermatomycosis of various localization

Alternative treatment

The symptoms of ringworm were known from ancient times, so they learned to treat them at home with the help of traditional medicine. The fungus can be defeated without the use of medicines. Grandma's recipes include many simple, affordable, easy-to-use remedies that have proven their power against disease. Here are a few of them.

Recipe #1

The causative agents of dermatomycosis in children cannot stand the presence of garlic. To prevent burns, we prepare garlic oil, for which we take 2 parts of peeled, finely chopped garlic cloves and 4 parts of any unrefined vegetable oil. We insist for several days, stirring the mixture regularly. Then we filter, preferably through a two-layer gauze. Then lubricate the problem areas 2-4 times a day. garlic oil are used only in the absence of violations of the integrity of the epidermis. Especially carefully rub the skin around the eyes.

Recipe #2

With dermatosis of the feet, treatment is used with the help of baths from apple cider vinegar and salt. We take 8 tbsp. spoons of apple cider vinegar, 400 gr. sea ​​salt(buy at a pharmacy), 6 liters of water. After the salt is completely dissolved in water, add vinegar, mix thoroughly. Do foot baths in the evening before going to bed.

Recipe #3

How to Treat Ringworm in Man and Treat pharmaceutical products greens and iodine. The procedure is repeated several times a day. You can mix plantain juice with birch ash. After treatment with iodine, gently rub the resulting "ointment".

Recipe #4

Another remedy for ringworm, especially for men: in equal quantities we take freshly squeezed beetroot juice, may honey, apple cider vinegar. After thoroughly mixing the ingredients, gently apply the composition to the affected area. Be careful, the ointment can burn a healthy epidermis.

Recipe number 5

Dermatomycosis of the lower leg is an insidious infection (see photo), especially with chronic pathologies. The "grandmother's" advice has proved its effectiveness, which suggests mixing 1 part of freshly collected own urine with 1 part of apple cider vinegar. Apply a compress to the scaly foci of dermatomycosis on the trunk, lower leg, to the smooth skin of the whole body, which will lead to a quick recovery. Should be kept until appearance of a lung itching.

Recipe #6

Euphorbia is a noble "healer" for dermatomycosis. Lubricate all the affected areas with the white juice of the plant. With ringworm of the feet or nails, foot baths are made from a steep decoction of this plant. After manipulation, do not wipe your feet, let them dry on outdoors. The causative agents of the disease will not tolerate such a procedure.

Recipe number 7

An excellent remedy for fungal infections of the skin is alcohol tincture from white lilac. For 40 gr. blooming flowers enough 400 ml of ordinary vodka. It is more necessary to insist for at least 10 days, the mixture can not be strained. Use for daily rubbing of stains.

Recipe number 8

We make a salty gruel from freshly picked mint leaves, passing through a meat grinder. For 200 gr. herbal raw materials enough 10 gr. regular kitchen salt. We mix the ingredients - the medicine for application is ready!

conclusions

Today, medicine in its arsenal has more than 100 antifungal drugs that can effectively cope with the disease. The superficial appearance of ringworm can be cured in just a few weeks, or even days. At the first symptoms of the disease, immediately go to the doctor, preferably a dermatologist. After several tests to identify the pathogen, you will be prescribed a completely adequate and moderately costly treatment.

Beware after treatment relapse, performing all methods of disease prevention. Do not be in close contact with a person with skin pathologies, so you do not "catch" ringworm. If anti-relapse treatment is required, even if there is not a single sign of skin pathology, then by all means take necessary medicines. Stay healthy always!

The most interesting on the topic

Hours in gym, multi-kilometer runs, severe dietary restrictions ...

What kind of sacrifices do women not make for the sake of chiseled and slender legs! And the results will certainly become visible sooner or later: the buttocks are tightened, fat is leaving the hips. But the shins do not always respond to efforts, and sometimes even become larger.

Bulky calves look disharmonious, interfere with wearing short skirts and tight trousers, and become the cause of complexes. Sometimes the desire to reduce calves reaches the point of absurdity. Thus, in the United States, it is gaining more and more popularity. Plastic surgery for the correction of this part of the body.

In order to quickly and correctly get rid of big calves First of all, you need to know main reason their appearance and try to eliminate it.

The main "culprits" - an excessive layer subcutaneous fat, too voluminous muscles that appeared as a result of training or are a hereditary feature.

Genetics. If large shins are your genetic feature (this can be seen by looking at your parents and immediate family), then reducing the muscles on the calves will be extremely difficult.

You can try to slightly change the proportions of the body and adjust the features of the anatomy. For example, if you have a short Achilles tendon, which connects the back of the heel to the calf muscle, the calves will look larger. This is due to the fact that the muscle has to stretch down a lot to connect with the short tendon.

If the tendon is long, then the place of its connection with the muscle is higher. As a result, the calf muscle "sits" high, the lower leg looks thinner and more elegant. Unfortunately, tendon lengthening is not possible. The only thing that can be advised in this case is to avoid loads that provoke the growth of the calf muscles.

Gait and movement. Repeated day-to-day actions can affect the shape of your legs. For example, walking on your toes all the time, with your body weight on the forefoot (as when wearing heels), can lead to calf muscle buildup.

It is also worth analyzing your gait: with weak other leg muscles, especially the tibialis anterior, the calves can compensate for the entire load, increasing over time. Solution - comprehensive strengthening leg muscles.

Body fat is another very common reason why calves look big. Each person has their own specific problem areas, from which fat goes last. If these are calves and ankles, then you will have to be patient and persevere in order to find the legs of your dreams.

• Remember that it is impossible to lose weight locally, along with the calves, the hips and buttocks will decrease. You may need to add isolated exercises for them if your goal is to be in good shape.

• For slimming legs, drying the muscles of the thighs and calves, cardio training with minimal or no resistance is recommended. This means that you need to choose a flat place on the street, and set the minimum slope on the treadmill. It is with such training that the legs and calves will lose weight and at the same time acquire nice shape. Endurance running helps shrink calf muscles and adipose tissue around her (as well as throughout the body), which make the legs look bulky. Double benefit - burn fat and reduce muscle!

• Avoid exercises aimed primarily at developing leg strength, as they cause muscle growth and make the calves even more voluminous. For example, short and intense cardio workouts are contraindicated, strength exercises for legs (squat, lunges), step aerobics, walking mountain hiking. Walking uphill, including on a high-incline treadmill, makes the calves even bigger.

• Do not jump rope and generally avoid jumping with high leg lifts. Swimming, walking, cross-country and elliptical trainers are more suitable for losing calves. The elliptical trainer is a great tool for low-intensity cardio when you set the resistance to the minimum. Instead of burning calories by increasing resistance, increase your exercise time. Long hiking They also help slim down the lower legs by lengthening the hamstrings and calf muscles.

• Avoid step machines and other exercises that simulate climbing stairs or mountains, as they primarily increase the calf muscles. Remember that your goal is to make the calves thinner, not to "pump" them even more.

• It is better to refuse trainings on resistance or to carry out more repetitions with small weights. Weight-bearing exercises that involve the calf muscles only lead to more calf muscles, even if your goal is fat loss. It is absolutely impossible to reduce the point of the lower leg with their help. Effective Methods to get rid of calf fat - diet, low-intensity cardio and liposuction.

• Stretching exercises help stretch and lengthen the large calf muscles, including the “pumped” ones. For this purpose, you can attend stretching training, yoga or Pilates. Great calf exercises can be done against a wall. Stand facing her, one foot at a distance of 25-30 cm from the wall, the second - at 70-80 cm, the feet are parallel, the heels are on the floor, and the socks are looking at the wall. Bend your front leg while keeping your back leg straight, lean over and place your hands on the wall. You should feel a stretch in the back of your leg and especially your calf. Hold this position for 15-30 seconds, switch legs and repeat. This exercise helps stretch the calf muscles.

• Pilates is great for shaping toned and elongated muscles. Even with intense workouts, your calves will not swell.

• The following simple calf stretching exercise can be done anytime, at work or at home. Sit on a chair, with your back straight, press against its back. lift up left leg and make 6 rotational movements clockwise with your foot. The amplitude should be maximum. Repeat the same number of times on the other side, and then do the same exercise on the right leg.

• There are many ways to visually reduce large calves with clothes and shoes. By resorting to them, you can make the legs in girth look a few centimeters smaller.

Remember, you can be in good physical shape, fit and slender without protruding muscle bumps. The main thing is to correctly draw up a training program that includes strength and cardio exercises and avoid stress and diets that provoke growth. muscle mass. With such tactics, volumes (and not only calves!) will steadily decrease.

How to treat full of calves, each woman decides for herself. For example, actresses Mischa Barton and Katie Holmes are not shy about these body parts and look great. Even if you are unable to reduce calf volume, do not dwell on it. Focus on best parts bodies and emphasize them.

According to the classification accepted in the medical field, dermatomycosis is divided into:

• dermatophytosis;
• keratomycosis;
• deep mycoses skin.

The causative agents of a large number of lesions, which are among the dermatomycosis, are dermatophytes. Namely, fungi that have the ability to process kerotene.

These tiny organisms feed on the skin, destroying the integument, and causing wounds, pain and itching, and may well become the cause of blood infection.

Fungal diseases of the skin are provoked by microorganisms from the genus Malassezia, which are often the root cause of multi-colored and pityriasis versicolor, as well as seborrheic dermatitis, pityriasis versicolor. Diseases that are caused by fungi of this species are referred to as keratomycosis. In this case, only the most upper layer skin cover. deeper layers and internal organs while remaining untouched.

Photo of dermatomycosis in humans:

Superficial dermatomycosis can be triggered by yeast-like fungi from the genus Candida. These microorganisms are often the root cause of the development of candidiasis. skin in the outer part of the genital organs, oral mucosa and skin. In children, candidiasis of the skin is not a frequent occurrence, candidiasis is more common. oral cavity In other words, thrush.

Dermatomycosis can affect almost any part of the body, feet, face, hairy part head, hands or torso.

Dermatophytosis, keratomycosis and candidiasis are superficial diseases that do not affect the internal organs. human body, as well as tissues that are under the skin.

Dermatomycosis of smooth skin: photo

Dermatomycosis or candidiasis of smooth skin is scaly patches round shape which may be dry or wet. They can occur on any area of ​​the skin that is not covered with hair.

Symptoms of candidiasis of the skin:

• Redness with swelling and with elements of a rash;
• The exposed areas form;
• The surface of erosions is smooth and shiny, with a whitish coating;
• Most often it happens in the groin, between the buttocks, armpits, under the mammary glands.

For the treatment of cutaneous candidiasis, synthetic antimycotics are prescribed for internal or topical use. Mycosis of the skin is treated using special ointments (Clotrimazole, Econazole and Naftifin), which should be applied to the areas affected by the fungus two to four times within fourteen days.

It is not worth starting treatment on your own, because when choosing a remedy, it is taken into account a large number of factors, including individual characteristics human body.

main goal treatment of dermatophytosis consists in the elimination of the fungus from the places affected by the disease. If the fungus has only affected the skin without affecting the hair, then it can be cured using only external preparations (ointments, gels and special creams) for this.

Photo of inguinal ringworm:

Against inguinal dermatophytosis ointments containing miconazole, ketoconazole and clotrimazole will help. In the case of this type of disease, women have some features that must be taken into account when conducting treatment. To exclude the transition of dermatomycosis of the inguinal region to vaginal mycosis, it is necessary to consult a gynecologist before starting treatment.

Candida fungus on the skin in the groin can be eliminated with Mycozolon and Triderm ointments. Data medicines can be bought at a pharmacy only after a doctor's prescription. These ointments help to eliminate the disease without its recurrence. So that the treatment does not take a lot of time, it is necessary to consult a doctor in time and not self-medicate.

To eliminate excessive sweating inguinal region, you can wash this place with a decoction of burdock, chamomile and oak bark.

In addition to the above remedies, the doctor, after consultation, may prescribe antihistamines, as well as Burov's compresses and treatment alcohol solution iodine.

Dermatosis of the scalp

Most often, candidiasis of the scalp occurs in young children. It is distinguished by the appearance on the scalp, and the hair at the same time thins and becomes brittle.

The defeat of the scalp is treated with Terbinafine and Ketoconazole. Preparations should be used only after visiting a specialist and in full accordance with the instructions.. You can also treat the place affected by the fungus with a five percent solution of iodine or sulfuric ointment.

Dermatosis of the hands and mycosis of the feet

This manifestation The disease is characterized by the appearance of lamellar peeling and blisters between the fingers. If you run that all this can lead to open wounds and infection.

In this case, you can get rid of it with the power of ointments containing antibiotics. Such drugs are Lamisil, Diflucan, Forkan and Sporonox.

In addition, mycoses and candidiasis of the skin of the feet and hands can be treated using salicylic ointment(ten percent), Arabian Arievich ointment, collodion tinctures. Treatment of candidiasis of the skin of the surface of the feet takes place with the help of Amphotericin or Nystatin ointment.

Drugs produced in the form of sprays have shown great effectiveness in the treatment of dermatomycosis. One of these is Lamisil spray. This drug is applied to the skin, forming a film of equal thickness. Thus, the focus of inflammation is isolated and the further spread of the infection is limited.

Inflamed areas after applying the spray dry up and turn pale. It also relieves itching and pain. Lamisil cream and gel of the same brand are often prescribed for skin folds affected by the fungus. For example, when damaged armpits or groin area.

There are about a hundred drugs that can eliminate the fungi that cause ringworm. For treatment, a suitable one is selected based on the type of disease, the stage of its development, the characteristics of the patient's body and many other factors. In any case, the drug should be selected by the doctor, having previously determined the type of disease and prescribing all the studies necessary to determine the current state of the person. Self-medication is simply dangerous, because it can end up infecting not only other parts of the body, but also loved ones.

More about dermatomycosis on the video:

Dermatomycoses are skin diseases, which are caused by several types of fungi, their classification depends on the affected area.

Symptoms of ringworm

Dermatomycosis of the feet, or epidermophytosis, is a fairly common pathology that often occurs in warm time of the year. The cause of it is the fungus trichophyton or epidermophyton, which lives in moist, warm places between the toes. Signs fungal infection there may be slight peeling even in the absence of other symptoms, as well as pronounced peeling, accompanied by a painful weeping rash, which is localized on the sides of the feet and in the areas between the fingers. This may cause small bubbles to form. A fungal infection damages the skin on the feet, which can lead to a bacterial infection, especially the elderly and those who have impaired blood circulation in the legs.

The causative agents of ringworm that affects the inguinal region can be various types of fungi, even yeast. This disease is more susceptible to men who live or stay in areas with a warm climate for a long time. Pathology manifests itself in the form of ring-shaped elements of a red rash, located along inside thighs and all groin. Small bubbles may form. The rash is accompanied by itching and soreness. The disease is characterized frequent relapses even with the right full complex treatment.

The lesions of the scalp are caused by the fungus Microsporum or Trichophyton. This ringworm is highly contagious, especially in childhood. Its manifestations are a red scaly rash, accompanied by mild itching, and baldness zones can also form without signs of a rash.

A fungal infection that affects the nail plates is called onychomycosis. In such cases, the trichophyton fungus affects the developing area of ​​​​the nail. The affected nail thickens and deforms, and in the future may collapse, flake off or separate from the finger. Onychomycosis is more common on the legs than on the arms.

With dermatomycosis of the skin, a rash of pink or red color is noted, characteristic round spots with a zone of enlightenment in the center. Any area of ​​smooth skin can be affected.

Fungal infection of the beard is quite rare. In most cases, diseases in this area are not fungal, but bacterial in nature.

Ringworm causes

The causative agents of dermatomycosis are combined under common name- "dermatophytes", this concept includes fungi of several genera, such as Microsporum, Epidermophyton and Trichophyton.

The most favorable temperature for the development of dermatophytes is below normal temperature body, approximately 26 - 30 degrees. They are more suitable for moist alkaline or neutral environments. Due to this, infection, like exacerbations, occurs more often in the warm season.

Different types of dermatomycosis affect a different contingent of people, which is associated with the composition of sweat or the secretion of fatty glands, which differ in different age groups. Biggest risk the occurrence of fungal infections are susceptible to persons who have a lack of vitamins, disorders metabolic processes and hormonal balance, damage to the skin, excessive sweating as well as people who do not eat properly.

Diagnosis of ringworm

Ringworm is suspected when symptoms characteristic of this disease appear. For more accurate diagnosis use a microscopic examination of the skin or nail plates for the presence of a fungus. To additional measures include a blood test that detects antibodies to fungi various kinds and allergy tests.

To the full list diagnostic measures includes:

• interview;
• visual inspection;
• microscopy of a pre-stained smear;
• dermatological examination;
• culture of biopsy material or exudate.

Dermatomycosis treatment

In most cases, dermatomycosis is mild, with the exception of damage to the nails and scalp. Most often, it is quite enough to use special antifungal creams, which are sold in any pharmacy without a prescription. Antifungal powders are much less effective. active ingredients drugs for the treatment of fungal infections are econazole, miconazole, ketoconazole and clotrimazole.

The selected cream should be applied twice a day. Treatment is continued all the time the rash persists and for about 7 to 10 days after that. If you stop applying the cream earlier, a relapse may occur and the rash will appear again.

The effect of creams becomes noticeable far from immediately, usually it takes several days. During this period, you can also add corticosteroid ointments to the course of treatment to reduce pain and eliminate itching.

At severe course or persistent recurrence of the disease, treatment often lasts several months. In such cases, other drugs, such as Griseofulfin, may be used along with antifungal creams. This drug is taken orally and has a very effective effect. However, when taking it, it is often observed side effects such as indigestion, rash, low white blood cell count, headache, swelling and so on. In addition, it should be borne in mind that stopping this drug can provoke a relapse of fungal diseases. There is another medicine - Ketoconazole. It is taken similarly to Griseofulvin and also has many serious side effects, up to liver damage.

Keeping infected areas dry and clean promotes faster healing and stops the growth and development of fungi. To do this, the affected areas should be washed with soap and then sprinkled with talc. But it is better to refuse powders that contain starch, as they can cause even more growth of fungi.

If the skin starts to get wet, then it can join and bacterial infection. To prevent this from happening, the doctor prescribes antibiotics, applied topically or orally.

Dermatomycosis photo

Inguinal ringworm photo

Dermatomycosis of smooth skin, photo

Onychomycosis, photo

Photo of dermatomycosis of the scalp

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Currently, the incidence of fungal skin diseases is very high. Almost every fifth person on the planet has some kind of skin lesion or its appendages. With age, these numbers increase, and upon reaching 60-70 years, 80% of people are diagnosed with fungal diseases.

This is primarily due to the associated internal diseases, endocrine pathology, which greatly weakens the immune system and negatively affects blood circulation. Dermatomycosis of smooth skin in this pathology ranks third, giving way to onychomycosis (damage to the nail plate) and mycosis of the feet.

Types of dermatomycosis

Dermatomycosis ( superficial lesion smooth skin) can be separate disease, but quite often it accompanies other skin diseases, for example, pyoderma, herpes, scabies, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, lichen planus, acne, eczema.

source of infection superficial mycosis are fungi that feed on skin keratin. There are several varieties of them that pose a danger to humans:

1. microsporum;
2. Trichophyton;
3. epidermophyton.

These mushrooms are divided into several types, depending on their favorite habitat. So, they can live on animals, humans or be in the soil, while the transmission of the pathogen occurs both from the animal and through the soil or from person to person. Dermatophytes are highly contagious, but for humans greatest danger represent anthropophilic fungi, i.e. transmitted from sick to healthy. Fungi, affecting the skin, can cause diseases such as epidermophytosis, trichophytosis, microsporia, rubromycosis, favus.

Despite its contagiousness, fungal diseases do not develop in all people. An important role is played by the contact of mycetes with damaged areas of the skin, but if there are no microtraumas, a person may not get sick, but at the same time be a carrier of infection. Also important role in the development of symptoms of ringworm of smooth skin, the dose of fungi that got on the skin surface and the degree of activity protective function organism. So, the presence in enough in the blood of serum suppression factors of fungal flora, active white blood cells, can prevent the development of the disease.

The main manifestations of dermatomycosis

According to the generally accepted classification, all fungal diseases are divided into:

• Mycosis stop;
• Dermatomycosis of the face;
• Dermatomycosis of the body;
• Dermatomycosis of the hands;
• inguinal mycosis;
• Mycosis of the scalp;
• Onychomycosis.

Dermatomycosis of the trunk, first of all, is manifested by spots. They can range from brown to milky, with well-defined contours and a raised ridge along the periphery. The center of the spots is often flattened and scaly. Favorite localization - chest, back, neck and shoulders. The foci tend to enlarge and coalesce by expanding laterally, with the growth of the lesion looking like an expanding ring.

If mycosis was detected on early stages, then therapy can be limited only to external means. Using medications keep in mind that they are all divisible by two large groups- fungicidal and fungistatic preparations. Fungicidal agents cause the death of the mycelium, and fungistatics prevent further reproduction of new fungi.