Does it hurt to pull out molars with an injection of anesthesia: how to calm down and tune in before removal? Extraction of teeth on credit. Reasons for removal

Extraction of a tooth is a dental operation to extract a tooth from the dental alveolus. The procedure for removing a tooth is a full-fledged surgical intervention, that is, the integrity of the bone tissue, mucous membrane is violated, in some cases even sutures are applied.

Pain in the gums after tooth extraction is a logical consequence of this manipulation, because how to avoid injury to the periosteum, nerve endings and gum tissue is impossible. The plasma treatment method is applicable in the treatment of areas damaged by inflammatory processes. infectious nature and for the prevention of such complications after tooth extraction. The plasma treatment method allows not only to relieve inflammation, but also to restore the appearance of the gums, its shape, color, and structure.

The mechanism of action is based on the activation immune protection body, which will accelerate the processes of regeneration and healing of soft and bone tissues. Platelet plasma activates the germination of capillaries, which leads to an improvement in hemodynamic parameters, increases tissue respiration and accelerates the metabolism in the gums and bone tissue. There is a strengthening of the jaw bone and teeth due to the formation of a collagen matrix. The postoperative period is more painless and predictable.

The plasma membrane is used in bone grafting and is made from own blood patient. A simple manufacturing procedure directly in the clinic makes it possible to obtain a plasma membrane with high potential to stimulate the growth of bone and soft tissues of the patient. The produced plasma membrane is perfectly processed, it is easy to work with, cut and sutured. When working with such a membrane, there is no need to use biochemical additives.

An example of a tooth extraction operation performed at the Intraoperative Clinic Immediate Prosthetics BeltaNova Moscow.

1 - Extraction of 16 and 17 teeth after curettage.

2 - Filling the wells with plasma gel.

3 - Overlapping of the plasmogel with a plasma membrane.

4 - The wound is sutured.

3 weeks after this operation:

The pictures show the healed structure. Clinical results The use of plasma treatment technology after tooth extraction clearly confirms significantly faster tissue healing compared to conventional extraction. It was found that in those wells that were filled with plasma in the form of a gel, there was a restoration of more volume of better organized bone and in more short time, epithelialization of the wound also proceeded faster.

tooth extraction operation

Tooth extraction in dentistry can be of several types - simple and complex. Simple extraction is used when it is required to remove teeth with one root, but difficult removal the tooth is used in cases where the root is complex and has several branches. Usually during this process special tools are used, with the help of which the whole procedure takes place. But still this method removal has certain features that should be carefully considered.

The operation of complex extraction of teeth is usually used in severe cases. Usually when you need to use additional tools, drugs.

Wisdom teeth due to lack of space in the jaw arch may occupy a non-physiological position. They, especially the upper ones, can cut through to the side of the cheek and injure its mucous membrane. Based on this, a decision can be made to remove them.

The most common conditions in which this removal method is used include the following cases:

If there are impacted (not erupted) wisdom teeth;
If they have eights that have the wrong location. They are also called dystopian;
Apply during any extraction of molars with two or three roots;
If the area of the root of the tooth has a strong curvature or destruction;
The presence of fusion of the bone tissue of the jaw with the roots;
Often used in cases where there is a cyst or fistulous passages;
If before that the tooth was treated with the use of rosacin-formalin paste, which led to increased fragility of the bone tissue of the tooth.

Usually this operation takes more time. In addition, strong anesthetics are necessarily used during it. Carry out this procedure in several stages.

Differences between complex deletion and simple deletion

Operation easy removal usually used in simple cases:

When the tooth is loosened, for example, during periodontal disease;
The tooth has one root;
To remove a milk tooth.

The most simple and painless is the removal of loose milk teeth. Usually they do not require additional anesthesia, sometimes it happens completely unnoticed by the patient.

But difficult removal is applied in more difficult situations when there are various pathologies or multiple root branches. It is also often used when teething wisdom or to remove the 8th molar. Therefore, when this large tooth erupts, many try to postpone the visit to the doctor, take painkillers and delay the inevitable.
It is best to visit a doctor immediately at the first appearance of this molar, he will examine it and if he sees any deviations, he will immediately remove it at the first stage. And if this is not done on time, then it may not grow as it should or lead to various complications, which ultimately complicate the entire process of treatment and subsequent removal.
What is the difference between complex and simple removal:

Usually when idle, it is used local anesthesia. A milk or loose tooth doctor with great experience can be removed in a couple of minutes, while not using painkillers. But during a complex operation, when the tooth has pathologies, several roots, or if the root grows in the wrong direction, potent drugs for pain relief, sometimes even potent anesthesia is used;
duration. Simple Operation usually takes 5 to 20 minutes. But difficult surgical intervention is a rather lengthy process, often it lasts from 30 to 60 minutes. Sometimes it can take place in several stages;
For complex removal, special tools are required.
Attention! Special instruments are used to lift, retract or cut the gingiva, some of which are designed to grasp a deeply seated root of a tooth or to saw through the root if required. Appearance these devices from the outside looks very intimidating, but this is so, it seems only at first glance. They are designed in such a way that during operation they cause a small degree of mechanical damage.
For simple removal, conventional forceps and elevators are sufficient;
For complex operations, deep incisions can be made in the gums. But do not be afraid, everything is performed under anesthesia, which acts for some time after the operation. Usually, after a deep incision, sutures are applied, which are removed after 7-10 days;
Severe and long period after a complex operation. Be sure to strictly follow all the recommendations of the doctor. This will help avoid the appearance severe inflammation or contracting an infection. Often, swelling or bruising can form at the site of removal on the cheek, so sometimes you need to sit at home for a couple of days;
Often a doctor will prescribe antibiotics even if there is no inflammation or suppuration. This will prevent the introduction and spread of infection.

Contraindications

Many, having heard the doctor's diagnosis that it is necessary to remove a tooth, experience incredible fear to the point of yeast in the knees. Of course, but how not afraid, the tools alone are worth something! Yes, and the idea that these devices will pull out, and sometimes knock out a tooth with complex structure or with large quantity which is just terrifying. But still, you should not be afraid, the doctor knows his job, it is important for him to do everything carefully, but at the same time, so that the tooth is completely removed. However, there is a certain category of patients for whom complex removal is contraindicated.

Diseases of the heart, blood vessels, pregnancy and lactation, correct growth molar, as well as taking special medications - this is just part of the contraindications to tooth extraction.

Usually contraindications are the following diseases and states:

The presence of exacerbations of pathologies of the heart and blood vessels;
Relapsing heart attack;
Stroke;
If there is a hypertensive crisis;
Not recommended for women during childbearing and breastfeeding;
If the wisdom tooth erupts in the right direction;
If the patient is taking drugs that interfere with normal blood clotting.

If the wisdom tooth grows in the correct position and no abnormalities are detected during examination, then the doctor will leave it in these cases. But it is imperative that during the entire period of tooth growth it is worth constantly checking and undergoing an examination. The doctor must fully control the entire process of growth and development of this tooth.

What tools are used

If with simple removal only a few tools are used - forceps and an elevator, then with complex devices for the operation there are much more. The mere sight of them is worth something, which is why many are so afraid to remove their teeth and try to delay this moment as long as possible. But many dentists are advised to see a doctor immediately after they appear. discomfort, otherwise the whole process may be complicated and then you will have to apply in addition to removal additional measures, which are also quite unpleasant. Moreover, all tools are designed so that during all manipulations cause a minimum level of mechanical damage.

Application of tongs, excavators and elevators

Often, when removing, it is necessary to use several devices at the same time, usually forceps and elevators are used. With the help of these devices, roots are pulled out, as well as teeth with an increased degree of destruction. To begin with, the doctor loosens the tooth or the remains of the tooth along with the root with an elevator, and after that, he dislocates it with forceps and removes it from the gums.

There are forceps for different groups of teeth. various shapes. All of them have a working part - cheeks, a lock and handles. They have a technical similarity, they differ only in details, which is due to their functional purpose: for the teeth of which jaw, for which specific teeth, for teeth with a crown, for roots.

When there is a fracture of the crown or root of the tooth being removed, the use of additional instruments will also be required. If the pearl is not deep enough, then you can try to dislocate the tooth using an elevator. But if there is a deep fracture, then it is better to use an excavator device.
Due to the fact that the excavator has an angular working surface, this tool enters the hole with ease. They try to move this device into the area between the wall of the alveolus and the fragment of the tooth. Then the tooth is dislocated and its tip is gradually loosened.
But it should be borne in mind that the removal of the broken roots of the upper chewing teeth must be done very carefully. This is necessary in order not to accidentally push them into the region of the maxillary sinus.

Bit Application

The chisel attachment is used when the removal of the outer wall is required. alveolar process. This is usually required when a tooth breaks off, and there is no way to get it with an elevator or excavator.
In addition, this device is used when bone has a compacted structure, and the elevator cannot be placed in the area between the wall of the alveolus and the root.
How to apply:

Usually in these situations, the surgeon places the working part of the bit in the area between the root and the socket, then he strongly restrains it;
An assistant with a hammer makes a couple of blows on the area of the chisel;
After that, the device moves to the area between the root and the wall of the alveolus;
After that, the tooth is dislocated. This process is carried out in the same way as when working with an elevator.

But it is worth remembering that during this process there is no severe pain. Of course, it is important to apply strong anesthesia. However, this procedure can leave a lot bad memories at the patient.
Extraction of teeth with a chisel recent times rarely used by doctors. This method replaces the usual sawing of the roots with a drill.

The use of a drill

A drill is usually used in several situations:

During the separation or sawing of the tooth into separate parts;
When removing the bone tissue that surrounds the tooth.

When removing multi-nerve teeth with a destroyed structure, it is sometimes simply impossible to use forceps to remove them from the hole. This is due to the fact that during this process there is a fracture of the crown or root of the tooth. Therefore, in these cases, it will be best to cut the tooth into several roots. After that, it can be easily removed in parts.

A drill is a rotary tool that develops a high spindle speed with a small torque. Drills are used to process small objects, which is an integral part of dentistry.

During this manipulation, long diamond burs, which are designed for the turbine handpiece. During the removal of molars, which are located on mandible, the tooth is sawn into several parts. Usually it is sawn into distal and medial roots, which are then dislocated with an elevator. AT upper area teeth have three roots, namely one palatine and two buccal, for this reason, the tooth is sawn into three parts, and a cut is often made in the form of the letter T.
With this method of removal, the surrounding tissues, the mucosa are practically not damaged. For this reason, this method has become popular among many dental surgeons.
What are the features of the process of sawing a tooth out of bone tissue:

This method is usually done with tungsten carbide burs that are designed for a straight handpiece. Water cooling is required;
This method removes impacted teeth wisdom, large molars, as well as the tops of the roots, which have a thick outer wall of the alveolar process;
Removal of this type is usually performed only after making a gum incision and cutting out a mucoperiosteal flap.

How is a complex removal performed?

Before performing surgery, the surgeon prescribes to undergo necessary examinations. First of all, X-ray diagnostics is prescribed. Thanks to this method of examination, the doctor will be able to see general state root system, as well as the location of the tooth in the jaw.
The main features of complex removal:

First, anesthesia is given. This can be done locally or general anesthesia, the main thing is that a potent medicine be used;
Usually, the drug is chosen depending on the characteristics of the patient's body, its individual tolerance of the constituent components of the anesthetic;
If the wisdom tooth is partially impacted, then in order to gain access to it, a gum incision is made and the flap is raised;
After that, the molar is removed with an elevator;
After removal, the flap is moved into place and the doctor sews it up;
When there is complete coverage of the tooth with bone tissue, it is cut most of gums. This is necessary to gain access to the area of the tooth;
The molar is dissected into 2-3 parts, which are subsequently removed by the elevator;
In situations where the third molar is located near the mandibular nerve, surgery becomes more complicated. This is because the roots of the tooth can completely surround the area of the nerve. The gum is incised and the flap is exfoliated. Next, a part of the crown and bone tissue is removed, this is necessary to gain access to the roots of the tooth;
After this, a careful separation and extraction of the roots is carried out, but it is important not to touch the nerve area;
Surgical intervention to remove the cyst also has increased complexity. The cyst, which forms at the top of the root, enlarges over time and destroys the bone tissue. Therefore, in order to remove the cyst, only the surgical method is used;
When the cyst is removed, the mucous tissue is cut. Further, with special small burs, bone tissue is removed;
After that, the cyst is removed;
Next, the region of the root apex is cut off and sealed. This is done to ensure that there is no recurrence in the future;
The cut mucosal tissue is sutured into place.

This diagram shows the stages of wisdom tooth removal: anesthesia - tissue incision - flap of gum tissue - sawing the tooth with a drill - removal of the crown - removal of the roots - stitching the hole.

healing process

As a rule, the first 5-7 days after removal are quite painful. The doctor recommends taking painkillers for the first few days to reduce discomfort. In addition, during this time there may be a slight swelling, swelling.
It is also important that the blood clot that appears in the hole after tooth extraction is completely preserved. Therefore, in the postoperative period, it is important to observe important conditions:

Within 2-3 hours after the operation, it is not recommended to drink drinks or liquid food;
Do not wash, clean or warm the well;
On the first day after removal, it is not recommended to carry out baths, rinses, lotions;
Be sure to chew food on the opposite side.

Effects

Usually, the rehabilitation period after tooth extraction takes an average of 3 to 5 days, sometimes it can be a whole week. It all depends on the characteristics of the organism. Usually, the following symptoms may appear at first: unpleasant symptoms:

Pain in the mouth;
Appearance a small amount blood;
The temperature may rise slightly;
slight swelling;
Swelling of the cheek in the area extracted tooth.

All of these symptoms are considered normal. Over time, they go away on their own.
However, you should immediately consult a doctor if symptoms are observed:

The appearance is very high temperature body;
In the area of \u200b\u200bthe hole, where previously there was removed pus, it was filled with pus, but at the same time there is no blood discharge in it;
If there are prolonged, endless bleeding from the hole;
Availability bad smell from mouth;
The appearance of puffiness;
Strong pain sensations.

If all these unpleasant symptoms suddenly appear, you should immediately consult a doctor. These symptoms indicate the appearance of an unhealthy process in the area of the extracted tooth, perhaps an infection has appeared. If you delay, then the infection will spread further and this will lead to damage internal organs body.

Attention! Difficult removal is a difficult procedure that should be carried out only according to indications. Do not be afraid of this operation, if it is carried out by an experienced doctor, then no pain will not occur, especially since everything is performed under anesthesia, which eliminates discomfort.

In addition, this method of extraction will help to avoid serious complications that may occur if the tooth is not removed in a timely manner. Therefore, you should not delay the inevitable, it is better to study all the features of this procedure and go to the doctor for examination and further removal.

Wisdom teeth grow later than others. Often there is no room for them. Caries of eights is difficult to treat. If there are problems with them, best option is a removal. Eights do not take an active part in chewing food, and their absence does not create cosmetic defect, so their extraction is often resorted to.

All about the features of wisdom teeth and their removal

Wisdom teeth, they are also figure eights, located at the outer edges of the jaw. They cut through much later than the others. For some, this process occurs at a fairly mature age. The problem is that there is not enough space in the jaw for the normal location of the eight, so it grows at an angle, interfering with the sevens, and the roots are bent.

If the figure eight is affected by caries, then the location features do not always allow quality treatment, therefore, the easiest way out of the situation is the removal of a wisdom tooth, which has neither functional nor aesthetic value.

Delete or not

Does everyone wisdom teeth need to be removed? No, many people live with eights all their lives and do not experience problems. If the figure eight is healthy, does not grow at an angle and does not shift the rest of the molars, then no action should be taken. Such cases are rare, but they do occur in practice. In such cases, the wisdom tooth can be used for chewing, and also serve as a support for prostheses.

For most people, the maxillary molar causes problems already at the beginning of its eruption. If the figure eight grows at an angle, it causes serious damage to the soft tissues, and also rests on neighboring molars, which also begin to hurt. An inflammatory process develops in the mouth, accompanied by edema, hyperthermia, and difficulty in chewing. With these symptoms, you should contact your dentist as soon as possible. Otherwise, the condition may worsen, and the inflammatory process will spread.

If the figure eight has not completely cut through, then cleaning it is very difficult. Often it is partially covered by a gum pocket. In such cases, caries develops, which is difficult to treat and prone to relapse. It is better to get rid of such a problem in time.

Not all people erupt even by the age of 30-40. But that doesn't mean it's missing. Located in the thickness of the jaw bone or under the gum, they can cause problems. Often there are clinical cases when patients complain of pain in the jaw or in the ear, but visible reasons no. During the examination, it turns out that the cause is the figure eight, which did not erupt. If it causes trouble, then urgent removal is necessary.

Delete eight much harder than other teeth. This is due to the peculiarities of the location, as well as powerful, twisted roots, which often interfere with extraction or break off.

The duration and complexity of the extraction process depends not only on individual features patient, but also on the professionalism of the doctor, who must conduct a detailed examination and choose the right tactics.

If the wisdom tooth has not completely erupted, an x-ray must be taken before its extraction, which will give accurate information about its position, configuration and number of roots.

Removal from above usually proceeds more quickly and painlessly than from below. This is due to the fact that the bone tissue of the lower jaw is denser, and the root system is more branched.

If you want the procedure to be quick, painless and without complications, choose an experienced dental surgeon. Attention to the patient and professionalism is the key to the success of this not always simple operation. Even the complex removal of wisdom teeth by a qualified doctor will be almost painless.

The operation itself is painless, as it is performed under anesthesia. After extraction, pain occurs, the intensity of which is associated with the complexity surgical intervention. Taking painkillers allows you to solve this problem and quickly return to normal rhythm life.

Easy removal

The simple removal procedure usually lasts no more than 10 minutes. In this case, there is no need to cut the gum or saw the tooth. It is removed from the hole with forceps. A special drug is placed in the hole to prevent the development of inflammation. Gingival closure is not required in most situations.

At proper conduct procedures, the risk of complications is minimal, and the restoration of normal health occurs as quickly as possible. Severe pain can be observed in the first two or three days, then this unpleasant symptom disappears.

Complex removal of wisdom teeth

If during the examination it is revealed that the figure eight has massive branched roots, is significantly deviated to the side or partially erupted, the crown is completely destroyed, it is necessary to develop a removal tactic that will allow you to complete the operation as quickly and with minimal damage.

With the complex removal of wisdom teeth, the following techniques are used:

gum cutting;
drilling of bone tissue;
sawing the tooth and extracting it in fragments;
suturing of the mucosal defect.

If an experienced surgeon takes over the case, the operation lasts up to half an hour, but in difficult cases, the process can take up to two hours.

To prevent complications, the cavity after removing the figure eight is washed with antiseptics and a special drug is placed in it, which has an antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effect. After that, the wound is sutured.

figure eight extraction- one of the most complex operations. That is why there may be serious complications.

During the operation, adjacent sevens may be damaged, as well as a jaw fracture. Such problems are associated with wrong choice treatment tactics and low qualification of a dentist who did not understand enough anatomical features patient.

In mature patients, nerve trunks can be damaged, which leads to impaired sensitivity and numbness. AT young age such problems are less common.

A few hours after a visit to the dentist, bleeding may develop. This is usually provoked by intense rinsing, drinking hot food, irritation of the wound with the tongue or third-party objects. The risk of this complication is high in patients with hypertension and impaired blood clotting. slight bleeding can be stopped with a swab, applying ice to the cheek, or hemostatic sponge. If these measures do not solve the problem, you need to urgently contact a specialist who will suture the wound.

to the most frequent postoperative complications refers to dry socket. Normally, at the site of the extracted tooth, blood clot, thanks to which the wound heals quickly and without problems. For some, a clot does not form. This is typical for smokers and people who do not pay attention to oral hygiene. The main manifestation of dry socket is the appearance acute pain a few days after surgical intervention. In this case, you should immediately consult a doctor.

The dentist will clean the hole, place a special gel in it, prescribe painkillers and antibiotics. This will achieve fast healing gums and avoid inflammation. Regular rinsing of the mouth is shown, as well as the rejection of rough, hot and cold foods.

Running inflammation leads to a widespread purulent process: phlegmon or osteomyelitis.

If the operation was successful, then the process of further recovery depends on the patient. If he strictly follows all the recommendations of the doctor, then the risk of complications is minimal. In case of violation simple rules serious complications may occur, requiring long, complex treatment.

Reduce the risk of bleeding and reduce swelling will help cold compress. Cold constricts blood vessels, so the risk of hematoma and swelling is significantly reduced. In addition, this simple procedure can reduce pain.

A few days after surgery are contraindicated physical exercise, as well as a visit to the bath or sauna. Violation of these recommendations can cause bleeding.

In the first days after extraction, pain, swelling occurs, and the temperature may rise. This is the normal course of the postoperative period. You can get rid of unpleasant symptoms with the help of painkillers and antipyretic drugs. In order for unpleasant symptoms to pass faster, you need to give up hot, cold and rough food, rinse your mouth gently after eating. Within 2 hours after the operation, you should refuse to eat. You can only brush your teeth the day after the intervention. If pain and swelling occur, it is strictly forbidden to apply a heating pad to the cheek and touch the hole. It is also recommended to stop smoking at least in the first days. If the operation went without complications, then following these rules is enough for a quick recovery.

Complex removal involves the appointment additional drugs in postoperative period. Most patients are shown antibiotics to prevent the development of inflammation. In most cases, dentists recommend lincomycin or drugs penicillin series. The dosage and frequency of administration should be strictly observed. If the doctor has prescribed an antibiotic for 7 or 10 days, take it during this time, even if you feel well and the hole is almost healed. To prevent problems with gastrointestinal tract along with antibiotics, you need to take drugs to maintain normal microflora in the intestines - probiotics.

After complex removal, most patients develop edema. To reduce it, it is recommended to take antihistamines, for example, suprastin. This simple exercise will help improve well-being in the postoperative period.

When to sound the alarm

Eight removal is not an easy procedure, so you should not expect that you will feel good immediately after the operation. But it is necessary to distinguish which symptoms are a variant of the norm, and which should be the reason for an immediate visit to the dentist.

The temperature can last up to 5 days, but in most patients the fever disappears already on the 3rd day. If more time has passed, and the temperature does not decrease, and even more so it grows, you should not waste time. This symptom may indicate serious inflammation. Sign up for an appointment as soon as possible dental clinic. The doctor will conduct an examination and determine if there is cause for concern. If the temperature returned to normal, but after a few days it rose again, you should not leave this situation unattended. Most of these patients require emergency care.

Pain is always present after the intervention. Normally, it gradually fades away. If a pain syndrome sharply resumes or rapidly increases, you need to rush to the doctor. The sooner you get to a specialist, the easier it will be to deal with complications.

Many patients experience bleeding after removal of the figure eight. If the blood was quickly stopped by improvised means, there is no need to sound the alarm, but if all your actions are ineffective, then further self-treatment is dangerous.

After the operation, try not to plan business trips or vacation trips. This may prevent you from applying for dental care when such a need arises. This is especially true for those who have undergone a complex removal of a wisdom tooth.

The next day after the operation, be sure to see the doctor who performed the procedure. This must be done even if nothing bothers you. Planned visit help identify problems in initial stage and avoid emergency trips to the clinic.

Where to remove the problem eight

If you need remove wisdom tooth, responsibly approach the choice of a specialist whom you entrust this procedure. The outcome of the operation depends on his professionalism.

Choose a modern clinic with necessary equipment and using efficient and safe drugs for anesthesia. The possibility of conducting an X-ray examination before surgery will allow developing the optimal treatment tactics, and the availability of new equipment for instrument sterilization will help to avoid infectious complications and dangerous infections.

Pay attention to the qualifications of the surgeon. He must have experience in such operations. Check out patient reviews.

A good doctor will collect before treatment detailed information about your state of health. Availability chronic diseases can significantly affect the course of the operation, and the tendency to allergic reactions is the reason for the allergy tests for anesthetic drugs. The specialist must conduct a detailed examination and plan the operation in advance. This will allow you to remove the problematic eight in the shortest possible time.

If you need a complex removal of a wisdom tooth, the doctor will justify this need for you, give detailed information about the nuances of your clinical case and the planned course of the operation.

Eight removal- a complex and unpleasant process, so many try to avoid this procedure. If your wisdom tooth grows unevenly or is affected by caries, then it will still have to be removed sooner or later. It is better to do it in a timely manner and not endure the pain that it causes. In addition, if you postpone a visit to the surgeon, you can earn serious complications. You need to understand the need for this operation, be patient, choose qualified specialist and boldly go to him for a reception. After a few days, you will be glad that you got rid of the eight, which caused so much trouble.

what can be done after a tooth is pulled out;
what should be avoided after the operation;
how to take care of your mouth.

Tooth extraction in modern dentistry is last resort. If a decision is made to eliminate the dental unit, this means that tooth-preserving technologies are powerless. The extraction procedure is simple and complex. Surgically teeth are removed in especially severe cases, and after the operation there is a high probability of complications. To avoid unwanted effect Antibiotics may be prescribed after tooth extraction.

Despite the level of complexity of the procedure, the dentist is obliged to give the patient detailed recommendations after tooth extraction. Following the doctor's advice will ensure postoperative comfort and reduce the risk of problems with an empty socket.

After the tooth is removed from the hole, the dentist examines the hole and removes the mobile bone tissue (if it remains) and the cyst (if the tooth was removed during periodontitis). The doctor cleans the well from pus with an antiseptic. An anti-inflammatory agent is necessarily laid in a clean empty well in order to stop the existing inflammation and prevent the development of a new inflammatory process.
In order to avoid activation of inflammation in the empty hole and to accelerate the healing of the wound, the gum edges approach each other, and the wound is sutured. Bleeding may start immediately after the operation or a few hours after it - the sutures help to stop and prevent it.

Postoperative complications

Removal of a diseased tooth segment, although it is an ordinary operation, often ends in complications that can occur both through the fault of the dentist and the fault of the patient.

The patient must clearly understand what to do after the removal procedure is possible, and what cannot be done categorically. And, of course, the patient must be trusted with the tooth extraction operation. good dentist whose quality of work leaves no doubt.

After removal, one can expect deterioration in the form of suppuration, swelling, bleeding, hematoma formation, pain, inflammation of the hole. Usually these troubles are provoked by:

invasiveness of the removal procedure (damage to the gums or bone walls wells);
hitting the hole foreign objects(infected dental deposits, tooth fragments);
infection in the hole due to chronic periodontitis;
poor hygiene after the procedure;
violation of the integrity of the blood clot located in the wound;
the initial absence of a blood clot protecting the hole.

Actions immediately after tooth extraction

When the hole holding the diseased tooth is empty, the patient finds in place of the tooth gauze swab. But how long to keep a tampon in your mouth, because blood-soaked gauze creates fertile ground for harmful microorganisms? The longer the tampon remains in place, the higher the likelihood of an inflammatory process. Therefore, the tampon must be removed immediately after detection. It is recommended to do this slowly (without sudden movements) and not vertically, but with a slight lateral slope, otherwise you can remove not only gauze from the hole, but also a protective blood clot.

There is one exception in this situation. If the hole closed with a swab is still bleeding, you should leave the swab for a while. And it is best to spit out the soiled gauze and make a new tampon from a bandage (sterile), which will need to be applied over the hole and bite tightly.
After the extraction of the dental unit, saliva may be stained in pink color, but the fault for this will not be blood, but ichor. Because of this modification, some patients accumulate saliva in their mouth, not wanting to swallow it. This is not necessary - the saliva must be swallowed - there will be no harm.

Avoid puffiness

After extraction of a tooth, especially a complex one, swelling of the cheek in the area of the wound is possible. The cold will help prevent it. Arriving home, you can take the lady out of the freezer, wrap it in dense fabric and lean against the cheek in the area of the extracted tooth.

Hold a cold object against the cheek three to four times for five minutes, giving the cheek a rest of five to ten minutes between applications. Ice helps only in the first hours after the operation, if time is lost, you should not take it. It is categorically impossible to heat the wound - this will contribute to the development of inflammation, suppuration, and increased swelling.

To save beautiful view soft tissues of the face is not necessarily limited to the use of cold. In the first two or three days after extraction, you can take antihistamines. Antiallergic drugs have a strong anti-edematous effect. Suprastin is suitable (one tablet should be drunk before bedtime).

Eating after surgery

For many patients, the questions are of particular importance: “How long can I eat after tooth extraction?” and “What can you eat, and what foods should you abstain from?”.

After the operation, you need to take food no earlier than two to three hours later. The area of the extracted tooth should be protected, therefore it is necessary to chew dense and hard food. opposite side jaw, otherwise there is a risk of damage to the blood clot. Please note that eating under the influence of anesthesia (when pain medication was used during removal) is undesirable, since insensitive chewing can be traumatic. There are no temporary restrictions on drinking water after extraction. If the patient is unable to endure two hours to eat, it is allowed to drink kefir or yogurt.

So that the extraction of the tooth does not entail complications, it is important to know not only how much you can not eat after the operation, but also what you can not eat. For two days, you can not take into your mouth too hot, too cold, too hard. Such food provokes irritation of the mucous membranes, increasing the chance of developing complications.

Alcohol and smoking

Among the patients of dental institutions there are many smokers who, as soon as they had a tooth removed, ask the doctor if it is possible to smoke after the tooth is removed. Smoking is highly undesirable during the first three postoperative hours. But ideally, you need to forget about tobacco for two days. Nicotine leads to vasospasm in the superficial bone layers and mucous membranes, which makes it difficult for the hole to heal.

Alcohol after the elimination of the dental unit is allowed to be consumed after twenty-four hours. However, if the extraction was difficult, and the doctor prescribed a course of antibiotics, you can drink alcohol only at the end of the course (five to seven days later). Since alcohol contains toxic substances, one day after extraction, one should not drink a lot of alcohol at once - bleeding from the hole may open and a hematoma may form.

What can not be done after extraction?

In addition to restrictions on eating food, there are other prohibitions, for example:

You can brush your teeth only a day after the elimination of the tooth.
Reception hot bath or visiting the sauna can stimulate bleeding - you should wait a couple of days from the bath, and you can go to the sauna or pool after a week. You can take a warm shower.
interfere natural process healing can be any touch to the hole, so you can not pick in the wound with your hands or other objects, feel the blood clot with your tongue.
Physical activity should be avoided to prevent bleeding.
Can't overstress nervous system. It is best to go home and sleep after the operation is completed. But you don’t need to lie down on the side of the removed dental unit, otherwise you can overheat this area and provoke swelling.
While the wound is stitched, you should not open your mouth wide and allow active facial movements so that the stitches do not come apart.
To eliminate postoperative pain, aspirin is not suitable (it thins the blood, contributing to bleeding and the appearance of a hematoma).

Painkillers

After a simple tooth extraction, an analgesic may not be needed at all, which cannot be said about the consequences of a complex extraction. If after the operation there is a desire to insure against pain, you can take strong pill analgesics as soon as the action of anesthesia ends. Severe pain is to be expected after a traumatic and prolonged extraction.

According to the results of numerous studies, the strength of pain after the removal of a dental unit decreases by about thirty to fifty percent if stitches are applied to the hole. Many dental surgeons, having removed the tooth from the hole without any problems, do not apply sutures. But to reduce pain and reduce the risk of subsequent complications, it is better for the patient to ask the doctor to apply a couple of stitches.

Rinses and baths

Some sources say that you should rinse your mouth after the removal procedure. But in the first three days it is forbidden, unless the doctor made a different appointment. When rinsing, you can disrupt the formation of gum tissue from a blood clot, then healing will last longer than it should. Instead of rinsing, it is recommended to do baths (take an antiseptic solution into your mouth, hold it for a short time and spit it out).

Antiseptic baths are especially relevant for patients who:

removed dental unit against the background of inflammation;
the gum was cut to open the flux;
there are carious teeth or dental deposits in the mouth.

Excellent disinfectant oral cavity is a solution of Chlorhexidine, which is bought at a pharmacy. Baths are done three times a day, the solution in the mouth should be about a minute.

Antibiotic therapy

Self-administration of antibiotics after tooth extraction is prohibited. Treatment should be prescribed by the dentist, if he considers it necessary. As a rule, antibiotics are prescribed after complex removal, extraction against the background of inflammation, with high risk complications.

One of the most popular and effective antibiotics dental surgeons consider Amoxiclav, which is a combined antibacterial agent. It is taken twice a day for five to seven days. If the patient's body does not respond well to antibiotics, instead of Amoxiclav, you can use Unidox Solutab, which is taken similarly to the previous drug.

Cheaper, but also more harmful to the intestinal microflora, is Lincomycin 0.25. It is recommended as an alternative to the two above medicines. Take two capsules three times a day for five to seven days.

Bleeding from hole

If blood begins to flow from the wound, but the patient followed the recommendations of the doctor, he probably had an increase in arterial pressure. Hypertension can be provoked by stress - this applies to unhealthy people, and those who have never complained of pressure.

When blood appears, it is necessary to close the hole with a tight swab made from a sterile bandage. Then you need to measure the pressure. With hypertension, it would be reasonable to prevent an increase in pressure. After tooth extraction, it is advisable to regularly measure the pressure. If an increase is recorded, it is advisable to drink the appropriate drug in order to avoid negative symptoms and postoperative complications.

Removal of stitches

Removal of sutures after tooth extraction is usually performed on the seventh or eighth day. But if catgut material was used for imposition, then it is not necessary to remove it, because it resolves itself after ten days. If you notice that the hole feels good, and the sutures no longer perform their function (loose a lot), you can remove them with clean fingers.

Dental treatment after surgery

With therapeutic measures after the elimination of the dental unit, it is recommended to wait a week. And after a complex removal, you should not interfere with the dentition for two weeks. carious teeth is a hotbed of harmful microorganisms. If you drill them, you can spread the infection in the mouth, it will get to the blood clot and cause suppuration.

How to understand that a blood clot is normal?

If something is done wrong and you are worried that the blood clot has not been damaged, then its color and density can be assessed. Immediately after the operation, it looks burgundy, the color is intense. Gradually, the surface of the clot becomes whitish or yellowish colors. If everything is in order, then a day after the operation, the clot becomes dense, its friability means destruction. The density of the clot must be checked visually - it should not be probed.

Hygiene after removal

Care of the oral cavity after the removal of the dental unit should be comprehensive and thorough. A day after the operation, you need to start cleaning your teeth with high quality. soft brush. This is done bypassing the empty hole, otherwise the clot can be damaged. The gum after removal requires heightened attention- antiseptic baths will help her. The more carefully hygiene procedures, the faster and more painlessly healing will take place.

How long should the hole heal?

The wound healing time depends on the degree of complexity of tooth extraction, the presence of inflammation, age category patient and his immune status.
If the operation was carried out with simple tooth, then within three to seven weeks the hole will stop bothering at all. After the elimination of the wisdom tooth, discomfort can persist for up to three to four months. The hole heals in several stages:

On the third or fourth day, the process of epithelialization of the hole begins, granulation tissue grows.
A week after removal, the blood clot acquires the character of bone tissue covered with epithelium from the outside.
After two weeks (a month in the case of a wisdom tooth), the clot becomes a completely new tissue, superficial wound tightens, bone beams begin to appear.
A month later (one and a half for the "eight") the hole is completely filled with osteoid tissues.
When two months pass (for a wisdom tooth - three), the bone tissue fills the entire hole, and the new bone is saturated with calcium.

Problems after tooth extraction?

If, after a tooth extraction, your cheek is very swollen, there is swelling that makes it difficult to swallow, there is prolonged and intense pain in the gums, a lot of bleeding has begun, a blood clot has been damaged, the stitches have opened, the temperature has risen to thirty-eight degrees, or other serious complications are observed, you need to urgently see qualified experienced doctor. To do this, we invite you to MistoDent.

Our clinic is treated only by dental professionals who will quickly and efficiently help you forget about dental problems for a long time. Thanks to modern equipment operating in the clinic, all medical measures are painless and safe, and the diagnosis of problems with gums and teeth is accurate and prompt.

Tooth extraction (or extraction) is a dental operation in which the tooth or fragments left after its destruction are removed from the alveolus (dental socket) using special tools. Tooth extraction is the most common surgery in dentistry. It is carried out in most cases local anesthesia, but complex removal may require sedation (putting the patient into drug-induced sleep).

When is tooth extraction performed?

Modern medicine strives for minimal trauma to the body, and dentists try to save a bad tooth by resorting to therapeutic treatment, as much as possible. However, in some cases, removal is not enough. Indications for tooth extraction, in particular, are:

an inflammatory process that began with a tooth and spread to other tissues. Launched caries easily turns into pulpitis (inflammation of the pulp), and then - into periodontitis (inflammation of the tissue surrounding the tooth root). Acute periodontitis, complicated by obstruction of the dental canals, in which it is impossible to organize the outflow of inflammation products using endodontic methods, is considered absolute reading to tooth extraction. Also, the causative tooth must be removed in case of osteomyelitis (this is a disease in which the bone tissue surrounding the tooth is involved in the inflammatory process).

Some injuries of the dentoalveolar apparatus. With a longitudinal fracture of the tooth root, extraction is recommended, since the restoration of the full functioning of the affected tooth in this case is unlikely. In case of jaw fractures, it becomes necessary to remove a tooth if it is on the fault line - without this it is difficult to carry out a high-quality reposition of fragments.

Complete destruction of the crown part of the tooth, if the remaining root cannot be used for restoration (prosthetics).

Cysts and granulomas of the root of the tooth, if their removal without the removal of the tooth itself is impossible.

High tooth mobility (which, for example, may be the result of chronic periodontitis).

Incorrect position of the teeth, in which they injure the gums, if its correction by orthodontic methods is impossible.

Wisdom tooth extraction

One of the most common cases is the removal of a wisdom tooth. This is the eighth tooth in the row (teeth are counted from the center line on one side of the jaw). This tooth is called the "wisdom" tooth because it erupts late, by 20-24 years. Such a late appearance leads to the fact that there may not be enough space for him (it is sometimes occupied adjacent tooth), and then it begins to grow incorrectly, injuring the gum. The remote location of the wisdom tooth also adds to the problem. These teeth receive less of our cleaning effort and are more likely to develop cavities.

Removing a wisdom tooth is easier than removing other teeth. The absence of this tooth does not spoil the view when smiling. He practically does not participate in chewing. However, the operation to remove a wisdom tooth, as a rule, is complex, - first of all, precisely because of the frequent wrong position this tooth.

What you need to know about the operation

In some cases, when severe pain and sharp inflammatory process- emergency tooth extraction. In other cases, the patient can schedule a visit to the dentist-surgeon at any convenient time.

The duration of the operation depends on its complexity. Usually, a tooth extraction requires an appointment for a 45 or 60-minute appointment. After all, the doctor first needs to conduct an examination and take a picture. It will take some time for the anesthesia to take effect. The operation itself in most cases is carried out quickly. After the tooth is removed, the doctor still has to stop the bleeding and treat the wound.

Where to go to remove a tooth in Moscow

If you need to extract a tooth in Moscow, contact JSC " Family doctor". Our dental surgeons have extensive experience in extracting teeth of any complexity. You can specify the prices for the service and choose a doctor to sign up for the clinic closest to you below.