How to check the psh of the body. Increasing the acidity of the body. How to find out the pH of your own blood at home

Solutions and liquids with respect to their acidity are considered:

● neutral at pH = 7

● acidic at pH< 7

● alkaline at pH > 7

Urine acidity

If the pH level of urine fluctuates between 6.0-6.4 in the morning and 6.4-7.0 in the evening, then the body is functioning normally. The most optimal level is slightly acidic, in the range of 6.4-6.5. The pH value of urine below 5.0 indicates its sharp acidification, above 7.5 - its sharp alkaline reaction.

The reaction of urine determines the possibility of stone formation: urate - in acid, oxalate - in neutral acid, phosphate - in more alkaline environment. So, for example, uric acid stones actually never occur at a urine pH of more than 5.5, and phosphate stones never form unless the urine is alkaline. Best time to determine the pH level - 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal.

Check the pH level twice a week 2-3 times a day.

With the help of indicator litmus paper pH test, you can easily, quickly and accurately monitor the response of urine to a change in the type of food, use medicines or dietary supplement. Positive pH dynamics can serve as a criterion for the correctness of the chosen diet or treatment.

The acidity of urine varies greatly depending on the food taken, for example, eating plant foods increases the alkalinity of urine. The acidity of urine increases if a person's diet is dominated by meat food rich in proteins.

Hard physical work increases the acidity of urine.

An increase in the acidity of urine is noted with increased acidity of the stomach. Reduced acidity of gastric juice does not affect the acidity of urine.

The acidity of urine changes with many diseases or conditions of the body, so the determination of its acidity is an important diagnostic factor.

Saliva acidity

The acidity of saliva depends on the rate of salivation. Typically, the acidity of mixed human saliva is 6.8-7.4 pH, but at a high rate of salivation it reaches 7.8 pH. Saliva acidity parotid glands equal to 5.81 pH, submandibular - 6.39 pH. In children, the average acidity of mixed saliva is 7.32 pH.

The optimal measurement is from 10 am to 12 pm. It is better to measure it on an empty stomach, two hours before or two hours after a meal. Salivation is reduced in the evening hours and at night.

To increase salivation, in order to increase the pH of saliva, it is good if there is a piece of lemon on the plate, it even increases salivation with visual perception. Food should look appetizing, served on beautiful dishes, appetizingly decorated with greens and / or / vegetables, should, as they say, please the eye! Not only saliva flows, but also juices in the body, preparing for the process of digesting food. This is the psychic phase of digestive secretion.

Acid gastroesophageal and pharyngolaryngeal refluxes reaching the oral cavity play a leading role in the occurrence of oral pathology. As a result of the ingress of hydrochloric acid, the acidity of the mixed saliva decreases below pH 7.0. Saliva, which normally has alkaline properties, at low pH, especially at values ​​of 6.2-6.0, leads to focal demineralization of tooth enamel with the appearance of erosion of hard dental tissues and the formation of cavities in them - caries. The amount of mucus on the mucous membrane increases, the gums become swollen and inflamed.

With a decrease in acidity in the oral cavity, the acidity of plaque decreases, which causes the development of caries.

Bacteria in the mouth "bloom" in the absence of air. Saliva, rich in oxygen, actively prevents their reproduction. Bad smell from the mouth appears when the flow of saliva slows down, for example, in a dream. Excitement, hunger, uttering a long monologue, breathing through the mouth (for example, with a cold), stress - dry the oral cavity, leading to a decrease in the pH of saliva. A decrease in saliva flow inevitably occurs with age.

You can connect a slightly alkaline mouth rinse with water with the addition of soda and also taking it inside between meals, proposed by Professor Ogulov A.T. - solution pH 7.4-8. Rinsing the mouth with soda water occurs with various inflammatory diseases gums and teeth and with general acidification of the body (instead of soda water, you can use "living" water / catholyte / - approx.).

You can set the desired pH of the water for rinsing or ingestion using litmus indicator paper. There can be no recipes with the right proportions, because. Water in each region has its own, having its own pH. Therefore, it is necessary to have indicator paper on hand.

Vaginal acidity

The normal acidity of a woman's vagina ranges from 3.8 to 4.4 pH and averages 4.0-4.2 pH.

The acidity of the vagina various diseases:

* cytolytic vaginosis: acidity less than 4.0 pH

* normal microflora: acidity from 4.0 to 4.5 pH

* candida vaginitis: acidity between 4.0 and 4.5 pH

* Trichomonas colpitis: acidity from 5.0 to 6.0 pH

* bacterial vaginosis: acidity greater than 4.5 pH

* atrophic vaginitis: acidity greater than 6.0 pH

* aerobic vaginitis: acidity greater than 6.5 pH

Lactobacilli (lactobacilli) and, to a lesser extent, other representatives are responsible for maintaining an acidic environment and suppressing the growth of opportunistic microorganisms in the vagina. normal microflora. In the treatment of many gynecological diseases the restoration of the lactobacilli population and normal acidity comes to the fore.

Sperm acidity

The normal level of semen acidity is between 7.2 and 8.0 pH. Deviations from these values ​​are not in themselves considered pathological. At the same time, in combination with other deviations, it may indicate the presence of a disease.

An increase in the pH level of sperm occurs when infectious process. A sharply alkaline reaction of sperm (acidity of approximately 9.0-10.0 pH) indicates a pathology of the prostate gland.

When blocked excretory ducts both seminal vesicles marked acid reaction of sperm (acidity 6.0-6.8 pH).

The fertilizing ability of such sperm is reduced. In an acidic environment, spermatozoa lose their mobility and die. If the acidity of the seminal fluid becomes less than 6.0 pH, the spermatozoa completely lose their mobility and die.

acidity of tears normal - from 7.3 to 7.5 pH.

Acidity in the stomach. High and low acidity

The maximum theoretically possible acidity in the stomach is 0.86 pH.

The minimum theoretically possible acidity in the stomach is 8.3 pH.

Normal acidity in the lumen of the body of the stomach on an empty stomach is 1.5-2.0 pH.

The acidity on the surface of the epithelial layer facing the lumen of the stomach is 1.5-2.0 pH.

Acidity in the depth of the epithelial layer of the stomach is about 7.0 pH. Normal acidity in the antrum of the stomach is 1.3-7.4 pH.

Cause of many organ diseases digestive tract is an imbalance in the processes of acid production and acid neutralization. Prolonged hypersecretion of hydrochloric acid or insufficiency of acid neutralization, and, as a result, increased acidity in the stomach and / or duodenum, causes the so-called acid-dependent diseases. Currently, these include: peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), erosive and ulcerative lesions stomach and duodenum while taking aspirin or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, gastritis and gastroduodenitis with high acidity, and others.

Decreased acidity is observed with anacid or hypoacid gastritis or gastroduodenitis, as well as with stomach cancer. Gastritis (gastroduodenitis) is called anacid or gastritis (gastroduodenitis) with low acidity, if the acidity in the body of the stomach is approximately 5 or more pH units. The cause of low acidity is often the atrophy of parietal cells in the mucous membrane or a violation in their functions.

acidity in the intestines

Normal acidity in the duodenal bulb is 5.6-7.9 pH. Acidity in lean and ileum neutral or slightly alkaline and is in the range from 7 to 8 pH. The acidity of the juice of the small intestine is 7.2-7.5 pH. With increased secretion, it reaches 8.6 pH. The acidity of the secretion of the duodenal glands - from pH 7 to 8 pH.

The acidity of pancreatic juice is from 7.5 to 9 pH.

The acidity of the juice of the colon is 8.5-9.0 pH.

AT lower sections large intestine, the pH value of acidity gradually increases, reaching maximum value pH in the region of the rectosigmoid junction.

acidity of feces normally from 6.0 to 8.0 pH.

Acidity of meconium (original feces of newborns)- about 6 pH.

Acidity of human breast milk - 6.9-7.5 pH

Blood acidity

The acidity of human arterial blood plasma ranges from 7.37 to 7.43 pH, averaging 7.4 pH. Acid-base balance in human blood is one of the most stable parameters, maintaining acidic and alkaline components in a certain balance within very narrow limits. Even a slight shift from these limits can lead to severe pathology. When shifted to the acid side, a condition called acidosis occurs, and to the alkaline side - alkalosis. A change in blood acidity above 7.8 pH or below 6.8 pH is incompatible with life.

The acidity of erythrocytes is 7.28-7.29 pH.

Normal blood revitalizes lymphatic cells capable of destroying tumor cells. There are many lymphatic cells in the human body (eg NK cells, LAK cells). Their uniqueness lies in the fact that they are able to distinguish normal cells from diseased and affected ones, and destroy the latter. This is the function of the immune system of the human body. The greatest activity of lymphatic cells in the destruction of diseased cells is manifested at pH 7.4. However, there is usually a more acidic environment around the affected cells, which inhibits the activity of lymphocytes, which work best at a slightly alkaline pH. By using food products, which have an alkalizing effect, it is possible to correct the pH balance within 0.5 units, creating a favorable environment for the action of lymphocytes and the destruction of affected or abnormally built cells.

Cancer tumor has a higher acidity than normal tissue and the body protects it with a fibrous sheath, which has an alkaline pH. If you continue to apply an acidic diet, the shell dissolves, and cancer cells released outside.

When the body is acidified, it is advisable to arrange treatment days for yourself once a week, eating only vegetables (1.5 kg of vegetables, divided for the whole day), in summer period boiled and sometimes raw, in autumn-winter - only thermally processed) and always clean hot water.

The mood of a person is also important for maintaining a normal pH level in the body.- good cheerful mood normalizes acid-base balance. Laugh more!

Indicator paper - litmus paper measuring pH

Indicator litmus paper provides a quick and economical way to measure the pH (pH value) of any required liquid and mixtures of liquids (urine, saliva, feces, semen, vaginal acidity, breast milk, solutions, water, drinks, etc.).

Litmus paper is necessary both in the family and for a specialist conducting a patient study, applicable in chemical laboratories, used for research activities.

In chemistry, there are substances that have the ability to change their color in the presence of acids and alkalis. These substances are called indicators and are used to determine the reaction medium. The environment can be acidic, alkaline and neutral. These substances are impregnated with filter paper.

Litmus is a coloring matter extracted from certain types of lichen. Its composition is complex. Litmus is a weak acid that is impregnated with paper.

How to use indicator paper:

On the roll, you can tear off any amount of paper you need by pulling on its tip, located in the plastic dispenser. It is necessary to dip a narrow strip of paper into the required solution for two to three seconds. Compare with the supplied color chart and calculate the values.

The acid-base balance is determined by the pH indicator, which is also called hydrogen. pH stands for power Hydrogen, which means "power of hydrogen".

Norms

Blood pH should be within the following limits:

Conditions in which pH values ​​are below 6.8 or above 7.8 are not compatible with life.

O normal functioning the body says a stable amount of hydrogen ions. The pH level is normal if a person's lungs, liver, kidneys work smoothly, which remove harmful elements, maintaining the desired acidity.

Some violations in the body may indicate a violation of the acid-base balance:

• in work gastrointestinal tract;
• in the work of the liver;
• in the functioning of the lungs and kidneys.

This is manifested by the development of chronic diseases and deterioration in appearance.

How to pass the analysis

An analysis of the pH of the blood may be needed for some disorders in the body. During the study, the level of hydrogen content and total acidity is determined. The most reliable result is obtained when donating arterial blood, which is considered cleaner, and the number of blood cells contained in it is more constant.

For analysis, blood is taken from the capillaries. The pH level is determined in the laboratory by electrometric method. Measurements are taken with glass pH electrodes. The number of hydrogen ions and the content of carbon dioxide in the blood are counted.

Deciphering the analysis

The interpretation of the received data should be carried out by a medical specialist.

Based on the numerical values, the following conclusions can be drawn:

• If the indicator is 7.4, this indicates a slightly alkaline reaction and that the acidity is normal.
• A condition in which the pH level is above normal is associated with the accumulation alkaline substances and is called alkalosis.
• If the indicator is below normal, this indicates an increase in acidity, and this condition is called acidosis (acidic blood).

Causes of alkalosis

Alkalosis can develop for the following reasons:

• with cardiovascular diseases;
• with psycho-emotional stress;
• after prolonged vomiting, in which a lot of the acid contained in the gastric juice is lost;
• with obesity;
• if the diet contains a lot of dairy foods and some fruits and vegetables.

When blood is alkalized, metabolism is disturbed, food digestion worsens, minerals are poorly absorbed, and toxins enter the blood from the digestive tract. For these reasons, the following pathologies can develop:

Existing chronic diseases begin to constantly worsen and progress.

Acidosis

Acidosis is more common than alkalosis. We can say that the body is more resistant to alkalization than to acidification.

Alcoholism often leads to acidosis. Acidic blood can also be a complication of diabetes.

Increased acidity of the blood does not manifest itself in any way if the deviations from the norm are insignificant. In more severe cases the following symptoms are observed:

• nausea;
• constant heartburn;
• vomit;
• lack of oxygen and breathing problems;
• fast fatiguability;
• symptoms of diabetes.

With an increase in acidity, insufficient oxygen and nutrition enter the tissues and organs. There is a deficiency of important elements: calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, and this leads to pathological conditions:

• general weakness;
• tumor processes;
• diseases of the urinary tract;
• cardiovascular diseases;
• fragility of bones;
• pain in the muscles;
• obesity
• diabetes
• joint pain;
• decrease in immune defense.

How to determine at home

You can check the pH level yourself. To do this, you need to buy a special drug in a pharmacy. electronic device who will make a puncture, will take away right amount blood, analyze the data obtained using a microprocessor and display a digital result. But it is better to contact the laboratory of a medical institution for analysis, where more accurate results will be obtained and a competent interpretation will be given.

What else affects pH

Acidity can change for the following reasons:

• bad ecology;
• malnutrition;
• emotional stress;
• smoking;
• alcohol consumption;
• wrong mode of work and rest.

Conclusion

Blood acidity is an important indicator of health, which should always be within the normal range. Body tissues are very sensitive to slight fluctuations in pH. Deviations of only 0.1 lead to the destruction of cells, the loss of the ability of enzymes to perform their functions. Such changes can lead to the development of irreversible pathologies and even death. With a deviation from the norm by 0.2, coma occurs, by 0.3 - death. Therefore, to maintain health, it is necessary to maintain an acid-base balance in the body.

How to determine blood pH?

Each liquid has its own level of acid-base balance, including human blood. The need to determine the pH of the blood may arise if there is a disorder in the functioning of the body or the work of some organ system is disrupted. How to determine your "hydrogen indicator"?

Features of blood chemistry

The term blood pH refers to the level of hydrogen in the body and the total acidity. The normal balance of alkalis and acids contributes to the work of all systems and organs without failures.

If this balance is disturbed, pathological processes can begin:

• disruption of the digestive tract;
• the work of the kidneys or lungs, which are responsible for cleaning incoming substances and air, is blocked;
• a malfunction in the liver begins - the main regulatory organ;
• appearance worsens, chronic diseases develop.

A stable content of hydrogen ions in the blood indicates normal situation in the body. Acid-base balance is maintained due to the synchronous work of the kidneys, liver, and lungs. They act as "compensators", remove a lot of harmful compounds from the body and maintain the level of acids and alkalis. Therefore, it is very important to control the pH of arterial blood in order to prevent the development of serious diseases.

Determination of chemical balance

During scheduled inspection or preventive procedures, the doctor may suggest donating blood for an acid test. Data on the composition of the blood balance will help the doctor determine the strategy further treatment and clarify recommendations for maintaining health. But you can determine the level of hydrogen in the blood even at home.

The patient is taken a small amount of fingertip blood: for analysis, arterial blood from capillaries is used. Usually, the analysis of the content of acids and alkalis in the blood is performed using the electrometric method in laboratories.

Arterial blood is cleaner, it contains the most constant number of blood cells and more stable acidity. This ensures the purity of the analysis results. Special glass electrodes count the level of available hydrogen ions. The level of carbon dioxide in the composition of blood cells is taken into account.

However, you can do the same procedure at home. Naturally, a professional analysis in an outpatient setting will be most effective, in addition, the doctor will give qualified recommendations in case of identified violations in the body. But sometimes there is no way to go to the hospital.

Pharmacies sell a variety of devices that will allow you to do the analysis yourself. Such a device itself will make a miniature puncture in the right place and take the required amount of arterial blood for analysis. The built-in microprocessor will perform an electronic analysis of the received data and display all the necessary indicators and results on the LCD screen. Such devices can be purchased by order or purchased at specialized medical equipment stores.

Indicator values

man made self analysis blood and got everything digital indicators. But what do they mean? Of course, a knowledgeable specialist will give a more qualified and detailed interpretation of the data received. But you can also make a primary anamnesis of the situation with your health yourself.

If the acidity is within the normal range, the indicators should be at the level of 7.40 units. These data indicate the presence of a slightly alkaline reaction. With a decrease in this number, a diagnosis of "acidosis" is usually made, with an increased alkaline reaction - alkalosis (above 7.45 units).

The level of the alkaline indicator is a fairly serious reason for the treatment and control of the state of the body. Severe destabilizing deviations, at a level of 7.0 or above 7.8, are often not compatible with life and require urgent intervention.

Acidosis in a mild form practically does not manifest itself and can only be recorded in a laboratory analysis. Symptoms that occur with progressive acidosis can be as follows:

• signs of diabetes;
• lack of oxygen;
• shock at the primary stage of other chronic diseases;
• frequent nausea;
• gagging;
• breathing problems.

If a severe form of acidosis is detected, it is necessary to establish the causes of such a deviation, to give the patient a solution of water with soda to drink when symptoms appear. Usually you need to call a doctor, go to a therapist.

Alcolosis causes metabolic malfunctions in the body and occurs for several reasons:

• after prolonged vomiting, when there is a loss of stomach acid;
• with an overdose of alkaline compounds (dairy products, some vegetables or fruits);
• with nervous strain;
• with obesity;
• on the background of cardiovascular diseases.

Elimination of the cause of the disease can normalize acid-base balance. The treatment process usually begins with breathing exercises, which saturate the blood with oxygen and carbon dioxide compounds in a certain proportion.

Also injectable or ingested various solutions: potassium, insulin, ammonium and calcides. However, it is necessary to take into account the danger of self-treatment and never make approximate diagnoses for yourself or your loved ones.

Unauthorized use of drugs can not only cause deterioration of the condition, but also bring the patient to hospitalization. Any manipulations should take place under the strict supervision of a specialist and only as directed by a doctor. At the same time, additional tests, such as a venous blood test, may affect the treatment strategy. General conclusions and recommendations can only be made after a comprehensive examination.

If the acidity indicators are in the normal range by all indications, it is recommended to regularly check your pH level and eat right.

You can self-regulate the condition through proper nutrition and a healthy lifestyle. There are foods that are especially enriched with vitamins and contribute to the balance of substances. It is very useful to eat green salad, cereals, all kinds of vegetables, dried fruits, potatoes, all kinds of nuts (mainly walnuts and almonds), mineral and plain clean drinking water.

Foods such as mango, melon, watermelon, lemons and oranges, spinach, sultana grapes, raisins, apricots, freshly squeezed well increase the level of alkali in the blood. vegetable juices, Fresh Apples, Parsley And Celery. Known means from most diseases is garlic and various medicinal herbs.

The main enemy is fatty, high-calorie foods, fried and smoked, alcoholic beverages, excess coffee, frequent smoking. from these products and bad habits excessive oxidation occurs in the body. Harmful compounds do not leave the body, but settle on the walls of blood vessels. Long-term cleansing measures are required to eliminate the consequences of the use of such products.

There are special varieties of healing alkaline water for internal use. Such water is enriched with ions and strengthens the immune system, removes toxins and toxins, slows down the aging process and regulates the digestive organs. You can drink this water on an empty stomach in the morning, and take 2-3 glasses additionally during the day.

Therapeutic ionized water has a good effect on the composition of the blood, but negatively on the effect of certain drugs if they are taken together with water. It is recommended to take an hour break between taking pills and ionized water. special water can be used in the preparation of soups and drinks, make tea or coffee with it.

It is necessary to carry out regular cleaning body from accumulated salts and toxins. Waste buildup leads to many health problems. The state of health worsens, the tone drops, depression can develop. Just like viruses or microbes, all toxins can be eliminated from the blood by drinking alkaline water.

Plan your diet and lifestyle so that problems with the level of alkali in the blood are no longer a concern. Competent diet and medical supervision, timely detection acid-base imbalance will help maintain health and youth for many years.

Acidity of human blood (pH)

Blood in the human body is a combination of living cells in a liquid medium, the chemical qualities of which are of no small importance for its vital activity. For the cells of all systems and organs to function properly, the normal pH level of human blood, i.e., the balance of acid and alkali, must be observed.

Why do you need to know this indicator

Not every person understands what it is - blood acidity. Scientists from Denmark at the beginning of the last century first introduced the concept of Ph. They developed a range of acidity from 0 to 14 units. According to it, for any liquid, including blood, the Ph index is determined.

The average value of the scale is 7 units and means a neutral environment. If the value is less than 7, the environment is acidic, more than 7 - alkaline. The acid-base level of any liquid depends on the amount of hydrogen particles concentrated in it.

Blood acidity (or Ph level) is a constant value. It affects the redox processes in the human body, metabolism, enzyme activity. To maintain its stability in the body, buffer systems, which control the level of hydrogen ions and prevent sharp drops acidity.

Buffer systems are divided into:

There are also urinary and respiratory systems. The state depends on the acid-base balance immune system body and overall health. Deviations from lead to the development of a number of diseases, accelerated aging of the body.

Acidity rates

At healthy person normal Ph is kept in the range of 7.32–7.45, which indicates a slightly alkaline reaction of the blood.

This value indicates that the concentration of hydrogen ions is normal and all body systems are functioning at the proper level.

The level of acidity is somewhat different for arterial and venous blood. In the first case, its normal value is 7.37-7.45, in the second - 7.32-7.42 units.

If the Ph value is less than 6.8 and more than 7.8, then this indicates the development pathological processes in the body. The acid-base balance is also disturbed as a result of diseases that affect blood circulation.

Only with a normal pH value, all systems and organs can function normally, remove waste products of metabolism.

Blood test for acidity and preparation for it

It is necessary for setting accurate diagnosis at individual disorders. Conventionally, this analysis is called "Indicators of acid-base balance." Arterial blood is taken from the finger capillaries, which is cleaner than venous blood, and the ratio of cellular structures and plasma in it is practically stable.

Proper preparation is essential to obtain reliable results. To find out the Ph level, it is necessary to refuse to eat food 8 hours before the donation, since blood is donated on an empty stomach, in the morning.

Determination of the acidity index in the laboratory

After sampling, the sample is delivered to the laboratory. In order to slow down the metabolism, as this affects the reliability of the result, gas bubbles are removed from the test tube, and it is placed on ice.

In the laboratory, a blood test is carried out by the electrometric method using Ph glass electrodes. The number of hydrogen ions is counted and the concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood is determined.

Based on the data obtained, they summarize:

• if the value is at the level of 7.4 units - a slightly alkaline reaction, the acidity is normal;
• if the indicator exceeds 7.45, then there is an alkalization of the body, when the systems responsible for processing do not cope with their functions;
• if the value is below the norm (7.4), acidity is increased, which means either its excessive accumulation, or the inability of buffer systems to neutralize these excesses.

Any deviation is harmful to the body and requires a more detailed examination of the person and the appointment of proper treatment.

Alkalosis and its causes

Alkalosis, or alkalization of the blood, is a disease that occurs infrequently and occurs due to a large loss of acid in the body or due to the accumulation of alkali. A significant decrease in acid is possible due to frequent and prolonged vomiting (for example, in case of poisoning) or a violation of individual kidney functions responsible for regulating acid balance.

There are two types of alkalosis:

• gas, which develops due to increased release of carbon dioxide by the lungs (hyperventilation, constant exposure to high altitude– altitude sickness);
• non-gas, which occurs with high alkaline reserves (inflow a large number alkalis with food, metabolic disorders).

The main reasons leading to a decrease in acid:

• excessive consumption of food with a high content of alkali (these are green tea, milk and products based on it);
• overweight, turning into obesity;
• the presence of cardiovascular diseases;
• nervous breakdown, emotional overstrain;
• taking certain medications that lead to a failure of alkaline balance.

With alkalosis, metabolic processes are disturbed, digestive activity worsens, toxins enter the blood from the gastrointestinal system. These deviations provoke the development of diseases of the liver, gastrointestinal tract, skin problems, allergic reactions.

Acidosis and its causes

Acidosis is an increase in the acidity of the blood. It occurs much more often than alkalosis, due to the predisposition of the human body to oxidation. Due to dysfunction in any body systems, leading to difficulty in the excretion of organic acids, they accumulate in the blood, causing an acidic reaction.

Acidosis is divided into three types:

• gas - appears when slowed down excretion by the lungs carbon dioxide;
• non-gas - develops due to the accumulation of metabolic products in the body or their penetration from the gastrointestinal tract;
• primary renal - possible as a result of a violation of some kidney functions caused by a large loss of alkali.

A slight change in acidity is not manifested in any way, it is asymptomatic. In severe form, there is rapid breathing, nausea, leading to vomiting.

The reasons causing similar condition, are:

• indigestion, prolonged diarrhea;
• diseases of the urinary tract;
• circulatory disorders;
• loss of appetite, poisoning, too strict diet (almost starvation);
• diabetes;
• heart failure leading to oxygen starvation.

In addition, pregnancy, alcohol abuse can increase the value of the blood acidity index. Acidosis can be provoked by a sedentary lifestyle, an unhealthy diet.

Determination of acidity at home

Often, people with any diseases are interested in the opportunity to find out the acidity of the blood on their own, without going to the clinic. It is important to know how to check it correctly.

Thanks to the availability of special portable devices and test strips in the pharmacy network, everyone has the opportunity to find out the acid-base balance of the blood on their own at home.

When determining the pH level, the measuring device is applied to the finger, a puncture is made with the thinnest needle to take a few drops of blood. There is a microcomputer inside the machine where the values ​​are calculated and the final result is displayed on the screen. The procedure takes a minimum of time and is painless.

In order to determine Ph at home, test strips can also be used. It is also necessary to purchase scarifiers for finger piercing and follow simple recommendations:

• pierce a finger;
• squeeze a drop of blood into a container or a medical test tube, which is preferable;
• dip the test strip into the blood, leave it there for a few seconds.

The result obtained should be compared with the scale printed on the package, choose the appropriate color and determine the norm or deviation of the indicator.

It is much easier to measure the acidity with the device, since the whole procedure occurs automatically: puncture, blood sampling, result output.

Ways to normalize acidity

It is impossible to restore the balance of acid and alkali on your own in a pathological state of the body. But it is realistic to lower or raise acidity if you follow a diet, take medications as prescribed by a doctor.

Food

Proper diet and intake enough fluids will help prevent initial manifestations imbalance.

Foods that increase acid levels:

• sugar, sweeteners, sweet drinks, including with gas;
• legumes, most cereals;
• seafood, fish;
• products made from flour, especially wheat;
• eggs, salt;
• milk and dairy products;
• meat and food based on it;
• tobacco products, alcoholic beverages, including beer.

The constant use of these products provokes a drop in immunity, the development of gastritis and pancreatitis. Increased acidity in men increases the risk of impotence and infertility, as sperm cells die in an acidic environment. In a negative way, an increase in acid affects the female reproductive function.

Products that increase the alkali content:

• fruits (peach, mango, citrus, melon, watermelon, etc.);
• herbs (parsley, spinach);
• garlic, ginger;
• vegetable juices.

To maintain balance, some doctors advise drinking alkaline mineral water. One glass of water should be consumed in the morning, and two or three more should be drunk during the day. Such water can be used for brewing tea or coffee, cooking. But it shouldn't be drunk. medications, as it can reduce their effectiveness.

How to be treated

If, during the test, high acidity or alkalization of the blood is revealed, then first of all they find out the reasons that caused the deviation. After that, the doctor takes measures aimed at eliminating these causes, for example, prescribes therapy for diabetes, diarrhea. Injections are also prescribed to normalize acidity.

If the patient managed to normalize the acid-base balance with the help of a diet, one should not forget that abandoning it and switching to a normal diet will lead the pH to the previous level.

The main prevention that maintains balance is a moderately active lifestyle, a proper diet (food is preferably separate), drinking enough fluids, and giving up bad habits (alcohol, smoking).

pH (acidity) of the blood: what is it, the norm in the blood test, how it is regulated, when it changes

Typically, such an indicator as pH or acidity of the blood (hydrogen index, acid-base balance parameter, pH), as patients are used to calling it, is not noted in the direction for hematological analyzes for the purpose of examining the patient. Being a constant value, the pH of human blood can change its values ​​only within strictly defined limits - from 7.36 to 7.44 (on average - 7.4). Increased acidity of the blood (acidosis) or a shift in the pH to the alkaline side (alkalosis) are conditions that do not develop as a result of favorable factors and in most cases require immediate therapeutic measures.

Blood cannot withstand a drop in pH below 7 and an increase to 7.8, so extreme pH values ​​such as 6.8 or 7.8 are considered unacceptable and incompatible with life. In some sources, the high limit of compatibility with life may differ from the listed values, that is, equal to 8.0.

Blood buffer systems

Acid or basic products constantly enter the human blood, but for some reason nothing happens? It turns out that everything is provided for in the body, on guard of pH constancy around the clock "on duty" are buffer systems that resist any changes and do not allow a shift in the acid-base balance in dangerous side. So, in order:

• The bicarbonate system opens the list of buffer systems, it is also called bicarbonate. It is considered the most powerful, since it takes on a little more than 50% of all blood buffering abilities;
• The second place is taken by the hemoglobin buffer system, it provides 35% of the total buffer capacity;
• The third place belongs to the buffer system of blood proteins - up to 10%;
• The fourth position is occupied by the phosphate system, which accounts for about 6% of all buffer capabilities.

These buffer systems, in maintaining a constant pH, are the first to resist a possible shift in the hydrogen index in one direction or another, because the processes that support the vital activity of the body are constantly going on and at the same time products of either an acidic or basic nature are thrown into the blood all the time. Meanwhile, the buffer capacity for some reason is not depleted. This happens because the excretory system (lungs, kidneys) comes to the rescue, which reflexively turns on whenever there is a need for it - it removes all the accumulated metabolites.

How do systems work?

Main buffer system

The activity of the bicarbonate buffer system, which includes two components (H2CO3 and NaHCO3), is based on the reaction between them and bases or acids entering the blood. If there is a strong alkali in the blood, then the reaction will go along this path:

NaOH + H2CO3 → NaHCO3 + H2O

The sodium bicarbonate formed as a result of the interaction will not stay in the body for a long time and, without having special influence, will be removed by the kidneys.

The second component of the bicarbonate buffer system, NaHCO3, will react to the presence of a strong acid, which neutralizes the acid as follows:

HCl + NaHCO3 → NaCl + H2CO3

The product of this reaction (CO2) will quickly leave the body through the lungs.

The hydrocarbon buffer system is the first to "feel" the change in the pH value, and therefore the first to start its work.

Hemoglobin and other buffer systems

Upon receipt of bases from the hemoglobin buffer system, the following reaction can be expected:

NaOH + HHb → NaHb + H2O (pH hardly changes)

And with acid, as soon as it appears, hemoglobin will begin to interact as follows:

HCl + NaHb → NaCl + HHb (pH shift is not very noticeable)

The buffer capacity of proteins depends on their main characteristics (concentration, structure, etc.), so the buffer system of blood proteins is not as involved in maintaining acid-base balance as the previous two.

Phosphate buffer system or sodium-phosphate buffer in their work does not give a special shift in the blood pH. It maintains the correct pH values ​​in cell-filling fluids and urine.

pH in arterial and venous blood, plasma and serum

The main parameter of acid-base balance is somewhat different - pH in arterial and venous blood? Arterial blood is more stable in terms of acidity. But, in principle, the pH rate is 0.01 - 0.02 in oxygenated arterial blood higher than in the blood flowing through the veins (pH in venous blood is lower due to excess CO2).

As far as blood plasma pH is concerned, again, in plasma, the balance of hydrogen and hydroxide ions generally corresponds to the pH of whole blood.

pH values ​​may vary in other biological media, for example, in serum, however, plasma that has left the body and is devoid of fibrinogen is no longer involved in maintaining vital processes, therefore its acidity is more important for other purposes, for example, for the manufacture of sets of standard hemagglutinating sera, which determine the group membership of a person.

acidosis and alkalosis

A shift in pH values ​​in one direction or another (acid → acidosis, alkaline → alkalosis) can be compensated and uncompensated. It is determined by the alkaline reserve, represented mainly by bicarbonates. Alkaline reserve (AR) is the amount of carbon dioxide in milliliters displaced by a strong acid from 100 ml of plasma. The norm of ASR is in the range of 50 - 70 ml of CO2. Deviation from these values ​​indicates uncompensated acidosis (less than 45 ml CO2) or alkalosis (more than 70 ml CO2).

There are two types of acidosis and alkalosis:

• Gas acidosis - develops when the excretion of carbon dioxide by the lungs slows down, creating a state of hypercapnia;
• Non-gas acidosis - is caused by the accumulation of metabolic products or their intake from the gastrointestinal tract (alimentary acidosis);
• Primary renal acidosis - is a violation of reabsorption in the renal tubules with the loss of a large amount of alkali.

• Gas alkalosis - occurs with increased release of CO2 by the lungs (altitude sickness, hyperventilation), forms a state of hypocapnia;
• Non-gas alkalosis - develops with an increase in alkaline reserves due to the intake of bases with food (alimentary) or in connection with a change in metabolism (metabolic).

Of course, to restore the acid-base balance when acute conditions on its own, most likely, it will not work, but at other times, when the pH is almost at the limit, and the person seems to have no pain, the entire responsibility lies with the patient himself.

Foods that are considered harmful, as well as cigarettes and alcohol, are generally main reason changes in the acidity of the blood, although a person does not know about it, unless it comes to acute pathological conditions.

You can lower or increase the pH of the blood with the help of a diet, but we should not forget: as soon as a person switches back to his favorite lifestyle, the pH values ​​\u200b\u200bwill take their previous levels.

Thus, maintaining the acid-base balance requires constant work on oneself, recreational activities, balanced nutrition and correct mode Otherwise, all short-term work will be in vain.

How to determine blood pH. Human blood pH: norm and deviations

Blood is the most important internal medium of the human body, forms its liquid connective tissue. Many people remember from biology lessons that blood contains plasma and elements such as white blood cells, platelets and red blood cells. It constantly circulates through the vessels, not stopping even for a minute, and thus supplying oxygen to all organs and tissues. It has the ability to very quickly renew itself by destroying old cells and instantly form new ones. You will learn about what pH and blood acidity indicators are, their norm and effect on the state of the body, as well as how to measure blood pH and regulate it with the help of diet correction, you will learn from our article.

Blood functions

• Nutritious. Blood supplies all parts of the body with oxygen, hormones, enzymes, which ensures the full functioning of the whole organism.
• Respiratory. Thanks to blood circulation, oxygen flows from the lungs to the tissues, and carbon dioxide from the cells, on the contrary, to the lungs.
• Regulatory. It is with the help of blood that the flow is regulated useful substances into the body, the required temperature level is maintained and the amount of hormones is controlled.
• Homeostatic. This function defines internal stress and body balance.

A bit of history

So, why is it necessary to study the pH of human blood or, as it is also called, blood acidity? The answer is simple: it is an incredibly necessary value that is stable. It forms the required course of the redox processes of the human body, the activity of its enzymes, in addition, the intensity of all kinds of metabolic processes. The acid-base level of any type of liquid (including blood) is influenced by the number of active hydrogen particles contained there. You can conduct an experiment and determine the pH of each liquid, but in our article we are talking about the pH of human blood.

For the first time, the term "hydrogen indicator" appeared at the beginning of the 20th century and formulated it in the same way as the pH scale, a physicist from Denmark - Søren Peter Laurits Servicen. The system he introduced for determining the acidity of liquids had divisions from 0 to 14 units. A neutral reaction corresponds to a value of 7.0. If the pH of any liquid has a number less than this, then there has been a deviation towards "acidity", and if more - towards "alkalinity". The stability of the acid-base balance in the human body is supported by the so-called buffer systems - liquids that ensure the stability of hydrogen ions, maintaining them in the required amount. And help them in this physiological compensation mechanisms - the result of the work of the liver, kidneys and lungs. Together, they make sure that the pH value of the blood remains within the normal range, the only way the body will function smoothly, without failures. Most big influence lungs have this process, because it is they who produce a huge amount of acidic products (they are excreted in the form of carbon dioxide), and also support the viability of all systems and organs. The kidneys bind and form hydrogen particles, and then return sodium ions and bicarbonate to the blood, while the liver processes and eliminates specific acids that our body no longer needs. We must not forget about the activity of the digestive organs, they also contribute to maintaining the level of acid-base constancy. And this contribution is incredibly huge: the above-mentioned organs produce digestive juices(for example, gastric), which enter into an alkaline or acid reaction.

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How to determine blood pH?

The measurement of blood acidity is carried out by the electrometric method, for this purpose a specific electrode made of glass is used, which determines the amount of hydrogen ions. The result is affected by carbon dioxide contained in the blood cells. Blood pH can be determined in the laboratory. You only need to hand over the material for analysis, and you will only need arterial or capillary blood (from a finger). Moreover, arterial blood gives the most reliable results, because its acid-base values ​​are the most constant.

How to find out the pH of your own blood at home?

Of course, the most acceptable way would still be to contact the nearest clinic for analysis. Moreover, after the doctor will be able to give an adequate interpretation of the results and appropriate recommendations. But today many devices are being produced that will give an accurate answer to the question of how to determine the pH of the blood at home. The thinnest needle instantly pierces the skin and collects a small amount of material, and the microcomputer in the device immediately makes all the necessary calculations and displays the result on the screen. Everything happens quickly and painlessly. You can buy such a device in a specialized store of medical equipment. Large pharmacy chains can also bring this device to order.

Indicators of human blood acidity: normal, as well as deviations

Normal blood pH is 7.35 - 7.45 units, these are indicators of a healthy person, indicating that you have a slightly alkaline reaction. If this indicator is reduced, and the ph is below 7.35, then the doctor diagnoses acidosis. And in the event that the indicators are above the norm, then we are talking about a change in the norm to the alkaline side, this is called alkalosis (when the indicator is higher than 7.45). A person should take the pH level in his body seriously, since deviations of more than 0.4 units (less than 7.0 and more than 7.8) are already considered incompatible with life.

Acidosis

In the event that laboratory tests have revealed acidosis in a patient, this may be an indicator of the presence of diabetes mellitus, oxygen starvation or a state of shock, or is associated with the initial stage of even more serious illnesses. Mild acidosis is asymptomatic and can only be detected in a laboratory by measuring the pH of your blood. Severe form this disease accompanied rapid breathing, nausea and vomiting. In case of acidosis, when the acidity level of the body falls below 7.35 (the blood pH is normal - 7.35-7.45), the cause of such a deviation must first be eliminated, and at the same time the patient needs to drink plenty of water and take soda inside as a solution. In addition, it is necessary in this case to appear to specialists - a general practitioner or an emergency doctor.

Alkalosis

The cause of metabolic alkalosis can be incessant vomiting (often occurs in case of poisoning), which is accompanied by a significant loss of acid and gastric juice, or eating a large amount of food that causes an oversaturation of the body with alkali (plant products, dairy products). There is such a kind of increased acid-base balance as "respiratory alkalosis". It is able to appear even in a completely healthy and strong person with too large nervous stress, overexertion, as well as in patients prone to fullness, or with shortness of breath in people prone to cardiovascular disease. Treatment of alkalosis (as in the case of acidosis) begins with the elimination of the cause of this phenomenon. Also, if it is necessary to restore the pH level of human blood, this can be achieved by inhaling mixtures that contain carbon dioxide. Solutions of potassium, ammonium, calcium and insulin will also be required for recovery. But in no case should you engage in self-treatment, all manipulations are carried out under the supervision of specialists, often the patient needs hospitalization. All necessary procedures prescribed by a physician.

What foods increase blood acidity

To keep blood pH under control (norm 7.35-7.45), you need to eat right and know which foods increase acidity and which increase alkalinity in the body. Foods that increase acidity include:

• meat and meat products;
• fish;
• eggs;
• sugar;
• beer;
• dairy products and bakery products;
• pasta;
• sweet carbonated drinks;
• alcohol;
• cigarettes;
• salt;
• sweeteners;
• antibiotics;
• almost all varieties of cereals;
• most of the legumes;
• classic vinegar;
• seafood.

What happens if the acidity of the blood is increased

If a person's diet constantly includes the above products, then in the end this will lead to a decrease in immunity, gastritis and pancreatitis. Such a person often picks up colds and infections, because the body is weakened. Too much acid in male body leads to impotence and infertility, since spermatozoa require an alkaline environment for activity, and an acidic environment destroys them. Increased acidity in a woman's body also negatively affects reproductive function, because with an increase in the acidity of the vagina, spermatozoa, falling into it, die before reaching the uterus. That is why it is so important to maintain a constant level of human blood pH within the established norms.

Foods that make the blood alkaline

The level of alkalinity in the human body is increased following products supply:

If a person consumes too much animal fat, coffee, alcohol and sweets, then “overoxidation” occurs in the body, which means that the acidic environment predominates over the alkaline one. Smoking and constant stress also negatively affect blood pH. Moreover, acidic metabolic products are not completely removed, but in the form of salts they settle in the intercellular fluid and joints, becoming the causes of many diseases. To replenish the acid-base balance, wellness and cleansing procedures and a healthy balanced diet are required.

Foods That Balance pH

In order to normalize the amount of alkali in the body and bring the blood plasma pH back to normal, most doctors advise drinking alkaline water: enriched with ions, it is completely absorbed by the body and balances acid and alkali in it. Among other things, such water strengthens the immune system, helps eliminate toxins, slows down the aging process and has a beneficial effect on the stomach. Therapists advise drinking 1 glass of alkaline water in the morning and 2-3 more glasses throughout the day. After such an amount, the condition of the blood improves. But it is undesirable to drink medicines with such water, since it reduces the effectiveness of some medicines. If you are taking medication, then at least one hour should elapse between them and taking alkaline water. This ionized water can be drunk in its pure form, or you can use it for cooking, cook soups and broths on it, use it for brewing tea, coffee and compotes. The pH level in such water is normal.

How to Normalize Blood pH with Alkaline Water

Such water helps not only to improve health, but also to keep youth and blooming appearance longer. Drinking this fluid daily helps the body deal with acidic wastes and dissolve them faster, after which they are removed from the body. And since the accumulation of salts and acids negatively affects the general condition and well-being, getting rid of these reserves gives a person strength, energy and a charge of good mood. Gradually, it removes unnecessary substances from the body and thus leaves in it only what is really necessary for all organs for proper functioning. Just as alkaline soap is used to remove unwanted germs, so alkaline water used to remove all excess from the body. From our article, you learned everything about the acid-base balance of the blood in particular and the whole organism as a whole. We told you about the functions of the blood, how to find out the pH of the blood in the laboratory and at home, about the norms for the content of acid and alkali in the blood, as well as the deviations that are associated with this. Also, now you have a list of foods that increase the alkalinity or acidity of the blood at your fingertips. Thus, you can plan your diet in such a way that you not only eat in a balanced way, but at the same time maintain the right blood pH level.

Methods for determining the acidity of the stomach

Many people wonder how to determine the acidity of the stomach when symptoms of dysfunction and gastrointestinal upset appear.

It is this indicator that is a guideline in the appointment of treatment.

Gastric juice contains hydrochloric acid, necessary for the body to digest food and protect against harmful microorganisms. A balance failure in the direction of increasing or decreasing the indicator leads to an inflammatory process in the stomach and intestines, which is fraught with gastritis, ulcers, decreased immunity and other problems.

You can determine the level both at home and in the laboratory.

Causes and danger of changing the acidic environment

Proper nutrition and a healthy lifestyle help to maintain the ideal functioning of the body for many years. Change the level of acidity can:

• The presence of bad habits: drinking alcohol, smoking.
• Unhealthy diet, consumption of spicy, fatty, salty, smoked and fried foods.
• Moral fatigue, stress.
• Regular sleep deprivation.
• Taking certain medications.
• Lack of vitamins.

Increased acidity leads to damage and thinning of the mucous membranes, which causes gastritis and ulcers. A decrease in the indicator affects the quality of food digestion, the microflora is disturbed, the absorption of nutrients.

When immunity suffers due to insufficient disinfection, harmful bacteria, such as Helicobacter pylori, begin to spread in the body. The latter can cause erosion, gastritis, peptic ulcer.

normal acidity level

If the indicator is violated, the general well-being and performance of the patient changes. In medicine, it is customary to distinguish 2 types of acidity:

1. Stimulated. It indicates the amount of acid released during the work of the stomach and when using a number of drugs.
2. Basal. Shows the level of acid produced when a person is hungry, i.e. in the time range of stomach inactivity.

Neutral value (pH = 7.0) has plain water. At the same time, plasma pH = 7.35-7.5. The higher the pH content in the gastric juice, the lower the acidity of the patient's stomach.

When measuring pH, it is important to take the analysis on an empty stomach. At the same time, the rate of acidity on the mucous membranes and in the lumen of the body of the stomach does not reach 2 units.

• In a healthy person, the pH of the juice varies from 1 to 2.
• If the hydrogen level exceeds 4.0, then this indicates a decrease in acidity.
• In the antrum, the norm of the indicator is 1.5-7.5. The limit limits are 0.9 and 8.5.

How to find out your acidity level

Determination of the acidity of gastric juice can be carried out in several ways:

1. With the help of probing.
2. Using an acid test.
3. Taking blood tests.
4. Using litmus paper.
5. Observing the reaction of the body after eating certain foods.

sounding

For instrumental examination, a thin and thick probe is used. The first is needed to assess the activity of secretion and determine the level of acidity of the digestive organs. It is more informative, while the result is beyond doubt.

A thicker tool gives an idea of ​​the quality of digestion of incoming food. For dinner, the patient should eat rice or buckwheat with raisins. Due to the individual characteristics of the patient's body, such a study may give false indications.

Carrying out an acid test

After emptying the bladder, the patient must take a special medicine. Urine sampling is carried out one hour after the use of the drug, then the patient drinks the prepared dragee. Repeated urine collection occurs after another 1.5 hours.

The test material is compared by the color of urine with a colorimetric scale. This method allows you to determine the acidity without gastroscopy, but has a high probability of error, so its use is quite rare in modern medicine.

Determination of the level of the indicator by blood

To find out the acidity from a blood test, a biochemistry test is performed, the amount of pepsinogen, serum gastrin, antibodies to Helicobacter pylori, the presence of urea nitrogen residues.

Using litmus strips

This method helps to quickly determine whether there is an increased or decreased acidity in the patient's stomach. To use a litmus strip, it is placed on the tongue, this starts a chemical reaction. The resulting color is compared with a sample of the existing palette.

Reduced acidity is reflected in bright blue. The fact that the indicator is increased is indicated by shades of red. The study is carried out on an empty stomach, at least 5 days in a row. Test strips for this can be purchased at the pharmacy chain.

The effect of food on acidity

Self-determine this indicator You can, by observing the reaction of your body to some food:

• Lemon. People with low acidity can consume this fruit like an ordinary apple. For those who have an indicator above the norm, the lemon is very sour, they are uncomfortable even at the mere thought of it or looking at it.
• Apple juice. Its use must be carried out on an empty stomach, observing the reaction of the body. Pain and discomfort in the abdomen indicate increased acidity. If the patient constantly wants to eat something sour, then this indicates that the indicator is below normal.
• Millet. Porridge is prepared from this cereal and consumed with the addition of oil. If after a while heartburn appears, then this is a clear sign of an increase in the rate.
• Soda. Half a teaspoon of the product is diluted in 150 ml of water and drunk on an empty stomach. If there is no belching, then this indicates low acidity.

Such detection methods help the patient to know if there is a problem. But in order to carry out the correct treatment, it is necessary to confirm the test results in a medical institution.

Acid symptoms

To determine the acidity of the internal environment yourself, it is enough to observe the characteristic signs. With an increase in the allowable norm, the patient is worried about:

• Heartburn, which provokes almost every meal.
• The presence of a taste of metal in the oral cavity.
• Belching of air, especially in the first minutes after eating.
• Aching pains in the region of the stomach.
• Bloating, heaviness and squeezing sensations in the abdomen.
• Violation of the stool, mainly constipation.

If treatment is not carried out in a timely manner, then a secondary symptom gradually appears, indicating further development pathological process:

• Lack of appetite.
• Constant discomfort and pain in the stomach.
• Nausea, vomiting.
• The tongue is covered with a yellow or grayish coating.
• Deterioration general condition patient: weakness, apathy.

Causes of acidity

Changes in the direction of increasing the indicator occur when:

• Non-compliance with proper nutrition, eating habits.
• The presence of bad habits: smoking, drinking alcohol.
• Taking certain medications long time. To dangerous drugs include anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal drugs and hormonal medications.
• Frequent stress.

How can acidity be reduced?

To hydrochloric acid was produced in the correct amount, it is necessary to normalize nutrition and start taking drugs to reduce its rate. Fatty, fried, salty, sour and spicy dishes. Carbonated drinks, coffee, strong tea, citrus fruits, chocolate, confectionery and fancy products are prohibited.

Eating should be done at least 6 times a day, fractionally. Evening snacks are harmful to the body. When cooking, preference is given to steamed, boiled and stewed foods. The temperature of the food should be optimally warm. At first, the patient is advised to grind food thoroughly, and later chew well.

It is preferable to introduce meat into the diet of low-fat varieties, rabbit, chicken, turkey are suitable. It is better to cook porridge with milk; rice, buckwheat, oatmeal, semolina are suitable for this. From sour milk, you can cottage cheese, cheese, kefir, but these products should be low in fat. Bread fits yesterday. It is better to refuse a loaf. Eggs must be boiled.

Of the folk methods, the most effective is considered Fresh Juice raw potatoes. It must be taken pml minutes before meals three times a day. In order for the patient's condition to improve, the course of treatment should last at least one month.

Medical treatment includes taking:

• Antacids, because they create conditions for the neutralization of hydrochloric acid. The most popular are Maalox, Gaviscon and Almagel.
• Antisecretory drugs such as Gastrozole, Omeprazole, Omez.
• Proton pump inhibitors (this is Nolpaza, Pantoprazole).

At peptic ulcer apply De-Nol, Bismofalk.

Signs of a decrease in the indicator

Some symptoms, on the other hand, point to low level acidity:

• Eructations with a strong odor like rotten eggs.
• Presence of nausea, lack of appetite.
• Bloating of the abdomen with constant rumbling inside.
• Discomfort after eating, heaviness, pain, flatulence.
• Defecation disorder.

Co. secondary features diseases when digestion is disturbed with a decrease in acidity include:

• Dryness skin, the presence of acne.
• Weight loss.
• Fragility of nails, hair.
• The appearance of anemia, beriberi.
• Decreased immune forces of the body.
• Increased fatigue.
• A sharp decrease in hemoglobin.

Reasons for deacidification

Having determined what kind of stomach environment, it is necessary to identify the cause of complications, since wrong treatment can aggravate the patient's condition. The main factor causing a decrease in acidity is the presence of pathology of the internal organs.

For example, this condition occurs with gastritis, ulcers, stomach cancer, gastroduodenitis, tumors islet cells pancreas. In this case, the work of the glands, which are responsible for the level of release of hydrochloric acid, is disrupted.

Laboratory methods in the clinic can detect the Helicobacter pylori bacterium, which is also capable of provoking a decrease in the indicator. Often the cause of the disease is a malfunction thyroid gland which leads to metabolic disorders.

Methods for increasing acidity

When tests show a decrease in the rate, it is necessary to take enzymes and HCl preparations. Natural gastric juice animal origin drink with meals 1 tbsp. spoon 3 times a day. To start the process of bile secretion, doctors prescribe a wormwood tincture of 20 drops half an hour before a meal.

Orazu, Festal, Creon, Pangrol, Mezim are taken as enzymes. It is recommended to drink vitamin complexes, for example, Calcemin, to restore the balance of nutrients.

The menu should include fermented milk products, ginger root and foods containing vitamin C. To replenish zinc, it is useful to eat pumpkin seeds, legumes, potatoes, cheeses, bread, cereals.

From folk recipes, you can take a rosehip decoction, taken half an hour before eating lemon juice or 1 tbsp. spoons of apple cider vinegar diluted in water.

The level of acidity can be determined independently or in the clinic by contacting a gastroenterologist. It is very important to do this in a timely manner, since both an increase and a decrease in the indicator are equally harmful to the body. If the figure is above the norm, the mucous membranes are damaged, which is fraught with an ulcer.

When the level is low, there is a weakening of the immune system, the risk of infection increases. In addition, the digestion process is disturbed, the body does not receive essential vitamins. The best way to determine acidity is by probing.

blood pH is an indicator that determines its acid-base level. In chemical terminology, it stands for the level of concentration of H + ions in bloodstream. H+ is a completely acidic residue, this is the ion that will create an acidic environment in any bioliquid and not only. Therefore, by measuring its concentration, one can easily find out what state the acid-base balance system of the bloodstream is in.

This test is done infrequently., is not mandatory. Only in special cases critical conditions(high degree burns, total poisoning, etc.) it can be determined.

It has a characteristic diagnostic value and is timely clarified.

It may even save a patient's life.

What is acidity?

Acidity, it is also the pH norm, this is the acid-base system of scarlet bioliquid.

Throughout the human body, biochemical reactions take place at the molecular level. They involve various atoms and ions, in particular the H+ ion. This is the residue of any acid, which is formed by attaching its nominal "tail" to it.

For example: (H + Cl-) is hydrochloric acid, and (H + Br-) is hydrobromic.

Ask your question to the doctor of clinical laboratory diagnostics

Anna Poniaeva. Graduated from the Nizhny Novgorod medical academy(2007-2014) and residency in clinical laboratory diagnostics (2014-2016).

To find out the concentration of these two acids in a solution, it is enough to know the total concentration of the H + ion. This is the essence of the definition of acidity.

In order for it to perform its functions (supplying tissues with oxygen, nutrients and molecules) continuously and as efficiently as possible, certain indicators must be maintained in it, the constancy of which is regulated by buffer systems.

That is, systems in which chemical reactions continuously occur, leveling the balance of ions to a certain level.

Any deviation or disruption of their work is instantly reflected in general well-being a person and can, even with some minor deviations, lead to death.

What analysis is determined?

There are several ways to determine this figure in human blood.

The most common is the sampling of arterial from a finger (since it is this type of it that is considered the most “clean” from impurities that interfere with this type of study).

Test performed on an empty stomach, the results are obtained in the laboratory using the electrometric method, where H + ions are attracted by charged electrodes and, as a result, laboratory assistants determine their concentration.

But in some cases there is a need to study the pH of the blood in other fractions of the circulatory system: plasma, serum, venous component.

One of the indicators of health is the acid-base balance (ph). How acidic environment body, the faster the aging process occurs and the more often the overall functioning of systems and organs is disrupted. Each liquid has its own ph level and human blood is no exception. All life processes in the aquatic environment are accompanied by a certain number of hydrogen atoms, and depending on the lack or excess of hydrogen atoms, the balance of acid and alkali is disturbed.

Balanced blood acidity provides correct work metabolic processes body, helping it to cope with diseases and factors of premature aging.

To determine the pH of the blood, it is necessary to pass an analysis that reveals the index of alkaline and acidic components. This indicator has an extremely narrow range of norms, and even its insignificant fluctuations can cause a serious condition of a person.

The acid-base balance in the blood is maintained by the organized work of the kidneys, liver and lungs, which cleanse the body of most harmful compounds and toxins, thereby ensuring a stable level of hydrogen ions in the blood. Laboratory analysis will help determine the acidity of arterial and venous blood. His data will show the index of acidic and alkaline components, and any deviations from the reference values ​​​​will require the close attention of doctors.

Reference values ​​of the acid-base balance of the blood:

In newborns, the acidity index is slightly lower - 7.21-7.38.

For analysis, most often arterial blood is taken from a person from the capillaries on the finger, the biomaterial is taken using special disposable containers, after which the sample is immediately sent to laboratory research. Contact of biomaterial with air is undesirable. In the laboratory, using the electrometric method, the blood sample will be measured by the concentration of ph.

Changes in the acid-base state of the blood will be assessed by the severity of:

Conditions in which blood acidity is above 7.8 or below 6.8 are recognized as incompatible with life.

It is also possible to check the acid-base state of the blood, in addition to laboratory analysis, on your own. To do this, you need to buy a special device, use it to pierce an artery and the results of the study will be displayed on the screen. Of course, laboratory analysis will be the most accurate and effective, but in case of emergency, the study can be carried out at home.

The numerical values ​​of the analysis show:

• an indicator equal to 7.4 means that the acid-base balance of the blood is normal;
• if the blood ph is higher than the reference values, this indicates an alkaline environment of the blood and is called alkalosis;
• if the ph is below the reference values, this indicates an increased acidity of the blood and is called acidosis.

If the pH of the blood is elevated

Alkalosis is a rare disorder in which alkaline substances build up in the blood or the body loses too much acid. Such a loss can occur, for example, with prolonged vomiting, and also if some factors affect the ability of the kidneys to regulate acid balance.

Alkalinization of blood occurs for a number of reasons:

• when consuming a large amount of products containing alkaline compounds (dairy products, green tea, mineral water without gas, etc.);
• in the severe stage of obesity;
• against the background of cardiovascular pathologies;
• in case of severe nervous strain;
• at rehabilitation period after surgery;
• against the background of the use of drugs that increase the amount of alkali.

Already developed blood alkalosis disrupts metabolic processes in the body, slows down the absorption of minerals, toxins and poisons from the digestive tract begin to enter the blood, which leads to a number of complications: diseases of the liver and skin, exacerbation allergic reactions and to the development of severe diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

Alkalosis appears:

• general loss of strength;
• headaches;
• drowsiness;
• deterioration in memory and concentration;
• dizziness.

The treatment for alkalization of the blood is complex application medicines. If the cause of alkalosis has been identified, then it is eliminated.

If the pH of the blood is low

Acidosis happens much more often than alkalosis, since the human body is more prone to "acidification" of the blood. What does acidity mean? This is a condition in which the blood is acidic due to the difficulty in removing certain organic acids from the body. When the human body functions smoothly, these acids are excreted freely, but with some diseases or special conditions, there is a dysfunction of the body, which provokes acidosis.

Increased acidity of the blood can occur for reasons:

• prolonged diarrhea;
• with diseases of the urinary system;
• in a situation of prolonged starvation;
• with diabetes;
• in a situation of circulatory failure;
• after fever;
• in case of poisoning or loss of appetite;
• in case of oxygen starvation in heart failure or in a state of shock;
• after alcohol abuse;
• during pregnancy.

Improper nutrition and a sedentary lifestyle greatly increase the likelihood of acidosis. Light form hyperacidity is almost asymptomatic, and in the case of a pronounced decrease in the ph index, the following manifestations are observed:

• increased frequency and depth of breathing;
• malfunctions in the work of the heart in the form of arrhythmia;
• nausea and vomiting;
• increased blood pressure;
• dizziness.

The initial manifestations of acidification of the blood can be prevented by a healthy diet and drinking enough water, and moderate physical activity can also help. In the case of severe and severe forms of acidosis, treatment occurs by eliminating the causes that caused it. That is, first of all, therapy is aimed at the underlying disease, for example, diabetes mellitus or diarrhea, and the normalization of the acid balance is carried out by administering special injections to the patient or by ingesting a solution of baking soda.

If the ph values ​​are in the reference values ​​and the person does not observe the symptoms of alkalosis or acidosis, then a healthy lifestyle and a balanced diet will help maintain the acid-base balance.

Avoid excessive consumption fatty foods, alcoholic beverages and caffeine, as well as acidity can be influenced by the following factors:

• regular stress;
• smoking;
• bad ecology;
• sleep disturbance;
• poor water quality.

And due to the fact that some factors of ph imbalance cannot be avoided, it is worth regularly analyzing the acid-base state of the blood.

The acid-base balance or pH of the blood has an important function in the body. If there are deviations from the norm in one direction or another, then this will have serious consequences for human health. The pH of human blood is called the hydrogen index, as it is translated from Latin as “hydrogen strength”.

Norm

If we talk about the norm of pH in the blood, then it varies depending on the vessels. For veins, it can range from 7.32-7.42, if we talk about arteries, then here it varies from 7.376-7.43.

In medical practice, conditions when blood pH is below 6.8 or more than 7.8 are considered fatal to humans.

If this indicator is normal, then the required amount of hydrogen ions is in the blood. Then all body systems, such as the respiratory and urinary systems, work normally and help remove metabolic products from the body.

Signs of a serious deviation in blood pH from the norm are:

• Disorders in the work of the gastrointestinal tract.
• Pathologies in the functioning of the respiratory organs (and so on), kidneys.
• and other anomalies.

In this case, a person may be diagnosed with a chronic disease and his appearance will worsen.

How to pass the analysis

This procedure is prescribed for patients who have certain abnormalities. at pH? It is preferable to use arterial blood for the procedure, which is considered clean and gives the most accurate result. A blood test for pH involves identifying the level of hydrogen and total acidity in the body.

This study of acid-base balance is carried out on an empty stomach, and blood is taken from the capillaries. The laboratory analysis procedure is carried out using the electrometric method. This requires glass pH electrodes. The level of carbon dioxide in the blood is measured, as well as the amount of hydrogen ions.

Deciphering indicators

Usually this disease does not have a bright severe symptoms. But in some cases you can see:

• Constant heartburn.
• Regular nausea.
• And in some cases, vomiting.
• All symptoms of diabetes.
• Increased fatigue and weakness.
• Problems with the respiratory system and a noticeable lack of oxygen.

As a result of the fact that oxygen is supplied in insufficient quantities to tissues and organs, a shortage of trace elements such as magnesium and sodium may develop, which will lead to abnormal conditions:

• Obesity.
• Tumor formations.
• Weakness of the body.
• Diseases of the cardiovascular system.
• Problems with the kidneys and liver.
• Bones become brittle.
• Diabetes may develop.
• , joints, muscles.
• Immunity is reduced.

At home

Many patients have a question: how to determine the pH of the blood at home? For this, a pharmacy buys special device, with which a puncture is made and the required amount of blood is taken. This device analyzes the data using a microprocessor and displays the result in digital form on the display.

But in any case, you can’t make a diagnosis yourself, so you need to contact any medical institution in order to carry out this procedure in a special laboratory.

What else affects pH

The acid-base balance of the body can be abnormal depending on several factors:

• If the city has bad ecology.
• A person's susceptibility to stress.
• Irregular and improper nutrition.
• Tobacco smoking.
• Frequent use of alcohol.
• Work and rest schedules do not match.

Acid-base balance is a very important indicator of human health. If even slight deviations in blood pH from the norm are detected, this can lead to the destruction of cells in the body, enzymes lose their main functions, which can even lead to death. Therefore, it is important to prevent this pathology in time. The pH of a person's blood is a very important indicator for his life, so you always need to be aware of what kind you have, because the slightest deviation from the norm can lead to death.