What causes the sensation of a full bladder in women? What does this lead to? Bladder training

This condition can be caused by muscle weakness, nerve damage, kidney stones, infection Bladder, prostate enlargement and other reasons. Urinary retention leads to complete or partial inability to empty the bladder; It can be either acute (short-term) or chronic (long-term). In most cases, this condition can be treated in various ways at home, but sometimes urgent medical intervention is required.

Steps

Part 1

Making Urination Easier With Home Remedies

Strengthen your pelvic muscles. One of the most famous and effective ways strengthen muscles pelvic floor are Kegel exercises. These simple exercises, which you can do at home, strengthens the muscles that control the bladder, as well as the uterus, small intestine, and rectum. To locate the pelvic floor muscles, stop urinating in the middle. In doing so, you will contract precisely those muscles that are strengthened by Kegel exercises. These exercises can be performed in any position, although they are easiest to do while lying down.

Train your bladder. Such training is an important behavioral therapy to help get rid of urinary retention or incontinence. The purpose of this therapy is to increase the time intervals between urination, increase the volume of retained bladder fluid, and reducing the frequency and intensity of the urge to urinate. To train your bladder, you need to create a schedule of visits to the bathroom, which should be followed regardless of whether you feel like peeing at any given moment. If you want to pee before the scheduled time, try to suppress your desire by squeezing your pelvic muscles.

Make sure you are comfortable in the restroom. Comfortable conditions in the toilet contribute to the normal emptying of the bladder. If the air in the bathroom is too cool and the floor is cold, you will not be able to relax properly. The toilet seat should be comfortable for both sexes, as some men find it uncomfortable to urinate standing up (they experience back, neck, or prostate pain). Privacy is also important for comfort, so try not to visit public toilets and close the door when in the home restroom.

Press down on your lower abdomen. By applying pressure to the lower abdomen, where the bladder is located, you stimulate urination. Consider this technique to help empty your bladder completely as a form of massage and physical therapy. Find information on the Internet about exactly where the bladder is located, and lightly press on the stomach in this place towards the back and down, as if “milking” your bladder during urination. It is easier to do this while standing, rather than sitting on the toilet, leaning forward.

You can also lightly pat your stomach with your palm to induce muscle contraction and make it easier to urinate.
Women can insert a disinfected finger into the vagina and lightly press it against the anterior wall of the vagina - this also stimulates the bladder and facilitates its emptying.
In men, too much stimulation of the lower abdomen can cause an erection that makes urination very difficult. Trying to completely empty the bladder, avoid erection.
By running warm water over the lower abdomen and genitals, you stimulate urination. Try peeing while taking a warm shower.

Learn how to insert a catheter. If you are having great difficulty urinating and are experiencing significant pain in your bladder and kidneys, and previous methods have not worked, self-catheterization may help. This method involves inserting a catheter (a long, thin tube) into your urethra and leading it up to the entrance to your bladder, draining urine out of it through the tube. This procedure can be taught to you by your family doctor or urologist, but it is not recommended for those suffering from heart disease or overly squeamish people.
- Better to cath under local anesthesia conducted by a doctor, but if this procedure does not bother you, you can try to do it yourself using a lubricant.
- The lubricant will partially replace local anesthesia, however, some substances (for example, petroleum jelly) can irritate the delicate mucous membrane urethra accompanied by pain.
- Before the introduction of the catheter, it should be carefully sterilized so as not to bring the infection into the urethra.
Part 2
Health care
1. Consult your doctor. If you experience difficulty urinating for several days in a row, see your doctor. The doctor will examine you and try to determine the cause. In addition to weakness of the pelvic muscles, urinary retention can be caused by blockage of the urethra, stones in the bladder or kidneys, infection genitourinary system, severe constipation development of a cystocele (in women), prostate enlargement (in men), spinal cord injury, overuse antihistamines, residual effect of anesthesia after surgery.
  
  Talk to your doctor about medications. Ask your doctor if you can get rid of bladder problems and difficulty urinating with medication. Some drugs cause dilatation (relaxation and expansion) of the smooth muscles of the urethra and the opening of the bladder, although their long-term use can lead to the opposite problem - loss of bladder control and urinary incontinence. If problems with the bladder and urination in men are associated with an enlarged prostate, drugs such as dutasteride (Avodart) and finasteride (Proscar) will help stop the growth of BPH and even shrink it.
2. Consider dilating and stenting the urethra. Urethral dilatation helps to unblock the urethra by gradually widening it by inserting larger and larger tubes into it. A narrowed urethra can also be expanded with a stent. The stent inserted into the canal expands like a spring and exerts pressure on the surrounding tissues, gradually expanding them. Stents can be either temporary or permanent. Both dilatation and stenting are outpatient procedures performed under local anesthesia and sometimes sedation.
  - The urethra is also expanded by inserting an air-filled ball attached to the end of the catheter.
  - These procedures are performed by a urologist.
  - Unlike conventional catheterization, which after appropriate training can be performed independently at home, dilatation and stenting should never be performed at home.
3. Consider sacral neuromodulation. In sacral neuromodulation, the nerves that control the bladder and pelvic floor muscles are exposed to weak electrical impulses. This procedure improves communication between the brain, nerves and smooth muscles, normalizing the functioning of the bladder and contributing to its complete and regular emptying. However, in the body surgically a special device is implanted, which, when turned on, begins to send electrical impulses. At any time, this device can be turned off and, if necessary, removed from the body.
  - This method is also called sacral nerve stimulation, although the nerves located in sacrum and around it can also be stimulated manually by massaging this area with a vibrating device. Try massage at home - it may improve your bladder function.
  - Sacral nerve stimulation does not help with urinary retention and bladder problems if they are caused by an obstruction (blockage).
  - Keep in mind that sacral nerve stimulation does not help with all types of non-obstructive urinary retention. Before using this method, consult a urologist.
4. As last resort consider surgery. If all of the above methods fail, your doctor may recommend surgical operation if he believes that she is able to alleviate your condition. There are many various operations, and the specific choice depends on what exactly causes your problems. Here are just a few examples of surgeries to help overcome urinary retention: internal urethrotomy, cystocele and rectocele treatment for women, and prostate surgery for men.
  - Internal urethrotomy consists in eliminating the stricture (narrowing) of the urethra by inserting a special catheter with a laser at the end into it.
  - Surgery to treat a cystocele or rectocele consists of removing the cyst, closing the holes, and strengthening the vagina and surrounding tissues in order to return the bladder to its normal position.
  - To eliminate urinary retention caused by benign hyperplasia prostate, or prostate adenoma, part of the prostate gland or the entire gland is surgically removed; the transurethral method is usually used, in which a catheter is inserted into the urethra.
  - Other surgeries are performed to remove tumors and/or cancerous tissue in the bladder and urethra.

Acute urinary retention is a pathology in which a person cannot urinate, although there is urine in the bladder. It is often full and distended with urine. This situation occurs suddenly. This condition is also called ischuria. Sometimes confused with anuria. But anuria is a pathology in which a person cannot pee due to the fact that urine is simply not excreted by the kidneys and there is no urine in the bladder.

Symptoms

A person cannot urinate, while the urge is present. Due to this, overflow and overdistension of the bladder occurs and occurs sharp pains in suprapubic region, which give to the perineum and rectum. Sometimes the pain can become spasmodic. With a general examination of the abdomen, a visible protrusion in the lower abdomen in the suprapubic region is determined. On palpation of the abdomen, a dense enlarged bladder is determined, discomfort may occur when it is felt.

Sometimes urine can be released, but a little bit, a few drops. It doesn't make the person feel better. This state called paradoxical ischuria.

The reasons

Mechanical - conditions in which there is a violation of the waste of urine from the urinary tract. For example, prostate adenoma, trauma, stricture, urethral stone, neoplasm of the urethra and rectum.
Causes associated with diseases nervous system- demyelinating diseases, neoplasms of the brain and spinal cord.
Causes associated with reflex disturbance - that is, in postoperative period, after psycho-emotional overstrain, with alcohol intoxication, in bedridden patients.

The most common cause of reflex ischuria is alcohol intoxication. In this case, swelling of the prostate occurs, which clogs the prostatic part of the urethra.

Violation of the excretion of urine on the background chronic ischuria. Chronic urinary retention - a person can independently urinate, but after the act of urination, some amount of urine remains in the bladder. This is checked by his catheterization after the act of urination. Prostate adenoma often causes this situation.
Causes associated with an overdose of certain medications, such as sleeping pills, narcotic analgesics.

Of all the reasons acute delay urine in men is most often caused by a disease such as adenoma.

Acute urinary retention in women is most often associated with a uterine tumor, or trauma to the urethra or kidney stones.

The child may also have a violation of urine output. In a child, this pathology occurs with long patience and the inability to go to the toilet on time. This is followed by reflex ischuria. Also, in a child, a urinary disorder may occur due to anomalies of the urethra. Symptoms of this pathology in a child are manifested in the same way as in adults.

In pregnant women, urinary disorders also occur. The symptoms are the same as in adults and children. The reason is the psycho-emotional overstrain after delivery.

Diagnosis of acute urinary retention

The doctor starts diagnostic measures from a survey of a patient who complains of the inability to empty himself, pain in the suprapubic region, which radiates to the perineum and rectum. Next, you need to find out if the person had such symptoms before and what caused them, what medical measures were carried out to relieve the condition. You also need to determine whether a person has diseases that could provoke a violation of urination (prostate disease in men, uterine disease in women, diseases of the kidneys, ureters, urethra). Or there were some other reasons with which the patient associates ischuria (alcohol, medication, psycho-emotional overstrain).

Then the doctor begins to conduct an examination - during palpation, a dense, enlarged bladder is determined. If this is not the case, most likely it is not ischuria, but anuria.

Laboratory diagnostics: — general analysis blood: characteristic leukocytosis, accelerated ESR.

: signs of inflammation - leukocyturia, erythrocyturia.
biochemical blood test: increased levels of creatinine, urea.
determination of PSA (prostate-specific antigen) for men: an increase in its level indicates a disease of the prostate gland - either prostate adenoma, or prostatitis.
ultrasound examination of the urinary system: displays the size and condition of the kidneys, ureters, bladder.
ultrasound examination of the prostate for men: displays the structure, size of the prostate gland.
pelvic ultrasound for women: to obtain information about the size and condition of the uterus.

Treatment of acute urinary retention

After the doctor has determined that the patient's symptoms indicate a violation of urinary excretion, it is necessary to begin therapeutic measures. Since ischuria is acute condition and can cause bladder ruptures and urinary tract treatment must be started immediately. There are several ways to make the symptoms of ischuria disappear:

Insertion of a catheter into the bladder. There are two types of catheters: rubber and iron. Iron catheters should be placed exclusively by urologists, but rubber disposable ones can be installed by any doctor or nurse. The main thing is that all the rules for introducing a catheter into the bladder are fulfilled. Since you can make a hole and a false move in the urinary tract. Prostate adenoma requires a more thorough and accurate introduction of the catheter into the bladder, as it narrows the lumen of the prostatic part of the urinary tract and prevents the passage of the catheter. A child should have a smaller catheter than an adult. After the catheter is inserted into the bladder, antibiotics are prescribed to prevent possible complications- infections of the urinary tract. Complications such as trauma to the urinary tract mucosa are also possible. Rubber catheters are both disposable and long-term. That is, some catheters can be installed for several days, and sometimes a week.
The second way is capillary puncture. It is performed when it is impossible to insert a catheter. This technique involves a puncture of the bladder over the pubic-pubic joint. This technique has more dangerous complications than catheterization. For example, leakage of urine into the abdominal cavity and the development of infection in abdominal cavity, and after the development of sepsis. After this manipulation, it is necessary to prescribe broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs.
The third way is epicystostomy. This technique is based on the drainage of the bladder and the establishment of rubber drains for the outflow of urine.
With reflex urinary disorders (after surgery, childbirth), you can try to stimulate urination with the noise of open water, or lowering the external genitalia into warm water to relieve spasm of the smooth muscle cells of the urethra. You can also enter antispasmodic drugs intramuscularly (for example, prozerin, no-shpa) to relax the smooth muscle cells of the urethra. If these measures do not help, it is necessary to insert a catheter into the bladder.
Also, some studies recommend the use of drugs from the group of alpha-adrenergic receptors when placing a catheter into the urethra. These drugs improve the outflow of urine.

Thus, acute urinary retention is threatening state for human life. If this happens, you must immediately contact a specialist doctor to eliminate this situation, and in the future to determine the causes that caused ischuria.

To do this, you need to pass some laboratory tests, pass recommended by the doctor. instrumental examinations. If the violation of urine output was a reflex, it is necessary to subsequently prevent the occurrence of those situations that caused it. And if this arose as a result of some diseases and pathologies, you need to deal with their treatment, you may need surgical treatment. But do not neglect this, so as not to cause the subsequent development of chronic ischuria. These conditions significantly worsen general state person and their quality of life. In children, you also need to be attentive to urinary disorders, as this may be a symptom of an abnormal development. urinary tract. These pathologies need to be diagnosed in time for timely intervention and elimination of defects, which in turn will lead to the normal functioning of the whole organism.

In the urologist's office, it is not uncommon for patients to complain that urine does not completely come out of the urologist. such a nuisance both women and men can. Doctors call this phenomenon residual urine - the liquid remaining in the body, despite the efforts of a person to completely empty. Wherein significant volume 50 ml is already considered, although in especially severe cases the “unnecessary weight” reaches the limit of several liters.

Symptoms

Not surprisingly, the main complaint of people with this disorder points to incomplete emptying Bladder. There may be several reasons for concern: a weak “signal” to go to the toilet, a process stretching into several stages, as well as muscle tension and effort to ensure that the desired act takes place. At the same time, patients may not feel any other discomfort. But doctors are sure that even these seemingly minor problems should be the reason for a visit to the clinic. After all, they lead to a number of severe and serious complications.

Chronic provokes impaired functioning of the kidneys - this is easy to detect thanks to isotope renography. As a result, pyelonephritis, diverticula, cystitis, or any other disease develop. If a person has chills, heat and severe pain in the lower back, then doctors may suspect urosepsis. In the body, it can be malignant form, as evidenced by toxic changes in the blood - high leukocytosis, for example.

Most Common Causes

Based on the above facts, we can draw an absolutely logical conclusion: urine does not completely leave the bladder when the body "eats" a disease - chronic or acute. There are many factors leading to the problem:

Mechanical causes - diseases of the genitourinary system and kidney infections. For example, trauma to these organs, the presence of tumor formations on them, as well as prostate cancer, adenoma, phimosis, the presence of stones.
Diseases of the nervous system: injuries of the spinal cord or brain, tumors, myelitis, and so on.
Drug intoxication. Diagnosed when the patient has been taking narcotic drugs or sleeping pills.

Most common cause urinary retention in men - adenoma. The problem arises when the blood rushes strongly to this organ. Causes an acute form severe hypothermia, alcohol abuse, sedentary image life and disorders of the digestive tract.

Some more factors...

But these are far from all the reasons that people complain about when they notice residual urine and pain when emptying the bladder. It happens that the problem occurs against the background of a fracture pelvic bones and injuries of the urethra - in most cases in the stronger sex. less often similar discomfort- consequence of disorder nervous regulation muscular membrane of the bladder or defective work of the sphincters of this organ. It can lead to hemorrhages in spinal cord, compression of the vertebrae, etc.

Often has a reflex character. That is, it is observed in a person in the first few days after he underwent a surgical operation on the pelvic organs or suffered from the influence severe stress. Sometimes the disease is diagnosed in absolutely healthy people who regularly drink alcohol. Alcoholics develop atony of the bladder muscle - weakening of the walls of the bladder, as a result of which the patient cannot fully control the act of emptying.

Varieties of urinary retention

This disorder can be of two types. When urine does not completely exit the bladder, doctors diagnose complete or incomplete retention. The first involves the desire of the patient to go to the toilet, in which the body cannot excrete even a drop of liquid. For such people, urine has been released artificially from the organ for years - through a catheter. With a partial release of the liquid, they say that the act began, but for some reason it was not completed to the end. Usually, trouble occurs against the background of the above diseases. As soon as the problem is eliminated, the process will be restored. If not accepted necessary measures on time, the delay can become chronic.

Frequent emptying of the bladder without its final emptying leads to stretching of the walls of the organ. This, in turn, provokes the appearance of another trouble - the inability to keep fluid in the middle of the body. At first, a person loses a few drops, after some time he is not able to fully control the process - urination occurs anywhere when different conditions. This phenomenon is called paradoxical ischuria.

Other forms

A disorder called "residual urine" is sometimes associated with rather unusual factors. For example, there is a peculiar form of delay, which is characterized by a sudden interruption of the process with the opportunity to continue it. The patient begins to empty normally, but the act suddenly stops. Often the cause is a stone in the ureter. When the position of the body changes, the manipulation is resumed. Doctors say that some patients with urolithiasis can go to the toilet in only one position - sitting, squatting, sideways.

Delayed emptying may be accompanied by hematuria - the presence of blood in the fluid. Sometimes it can be seen with the naked eye: urine acquires a pinkish or brown tint. If the presence of blood is too small to notice, the liquid is taken for analysis, where it is analyzed under a microscope and conclusions are drawn. By the way, experienced urologists can detect urinary retention even during a routine examination. In such patients, swelling is felt in the lower abdomen, provoked by the presence of an incompletely empty bladder.

How to help the patient?

If urine does not completely exit the bladder, a person needs urgent medical advice. acute form organ dysfunction requires emergency assistance. Usually such people insert a catheter for normal emptying. For these purposes, the outer opening of the channel is treated and disinfected, after which a rubber tube generously moistened with petroleum jelly or glycerin is carefully inserted into it. The tweezers regulate the movement of the catheter, securing it in the urethra. The procedure is carried out progressively - 2 centimeters each, without haste and sudden movements.

If the patient has a problem urolithiasis disease or prostatitis, then the manipulation is not carried out. In these cases, the presence of a rubber tube in the organ can lead to serious complications. The catheter can be placed on permanent basis. In this case, the urologist performs the procedure, prescribing antibiotics after it to avoid the development inflammatory processes. A temporary rubber tube can be inserted by the patient himself immediately before the act of emptying. But before that, he should consult a doctor.

Treatment

The feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder is quite unpleasant. To get rid of it forever, you must first remove the cause that caused the problem. Pass full examination from a qualified urologist. After consulting, if necessary, with a nephrologist, gynecologist and oncologist, he diagnoses the disease and takes measures to treat it. Oddly enough, reflex delays are the hardest to heal, as they wear psychological character. Psychotherapy sessions help here, as well as such simple manipulations as irrigation of the genital organs. warm water or running a faucet while urinating.

Remember that incomplete emptying can be a lifelong concern. In this case, we speak of a relapse. And it happens when the patient catches an infection. urinary tract. Therefore, it is so important to take care of your health and sound the alarm at the slightest manifestation of discomfort. Self-medication is extremely dangerous and often leads to serious consequences and serious complications.

Health

Bladder problems are often considered problems of the elderly and the very elderly. Is this opinion justified? Not really. The fact is that adults of any age, even those who, at first glance, are completely healthy, may experience various unusual sensations (symptoms) in the bladder, which, in fact, can be signals warning of certain problems with health.

"The human urinary system can be considered a true signaling system, - He speaks Jill Rabin, Head of the Department of Outpatient Care and Urogynecology at Albert Einstein College of Medicine in Hyde Park, New York. – If you notice major changes in the work of your bladder, this may indicate certain problems with the bladder itself, with the pelvic organs, or it may be a signal of more serious problems ah all over the body".

What specific health problems can unusual changes in the functioning of the bladder indicate? We offer a list of 10 diseases that our bladder can signal.

1. Signal one: sleep apnea syndrome

What it is? Sleep apnea is a breathing disorder characterized by abnormal pauses between breaths during sleep that can last for about a minute or more. At best, a person wakes up abruptly from such attacks. The very word "apnea" - Greek origin, meaning literally "calm", "lack of breath". "Recent times more and more often, it is urologists who diagnose patients with sleep apnea syndrome, from which they may already suffer for a long time unaware of the presence of this disease, explains Adam Tierney, urologist at one of the clinics in Madison, Wisconsin, USA. - This happens because doctors are not able to diagnose sleep apnea during normal medical examination; and the first thing that can indicate it is nighttime urination".

There are 12 million cases of sleep apnea syndrome, but scientists are sure that even more people suffer from this disease without even knowing it. In March 2011, Israeli doctors examined a group of men aged 55 to 75 suffering from an enlarged prostate and nocturia. (increased urination to such an extent that less urine is produced during the day than at night). Experts answered that more than half of the cases of such nightly “trips” to the toilet can be attributed to the presence of sleep apnea syndrome.

What are the symptoms of the disease? Nighttime awakenings to go to the toilet occur at least two or three times a night. However, a person suffering from sleep apnea can wake up due to respiratory arrest, and then, as they say, wander to the toilet on autopilot. By morning, he (or she), of course, will remember that he woke up at night in order to go to the toilet, but it is unlikely that there will be any memories of the true causes of awakening - about stopping breathing. Other signs of sleep apnea can be snoring, or daytime sleepiness.

How to deal with it? Report your frequent nighttime urination to your doctor - real reasons this "habit" can be quite unexpected. And if we are talking about sleep apnea syndrome, then this disease is curable: doctors recommend special devices, which make breathing easier at night, but sometimes it can be a surgical intervention.

2 Signal Two: Uncontrolled Diabetes

What it is? These are cases where high level blood sugar is difficult to control, and this can lead to malfunctions of the nervous system. Diabetics usually know that in especially severe cases, there may be a decrease in the sensitivity of various organs of the body. Nerve signals are not transmitted properly, and therefore cannot control the muscles that are responsible for urination.

What are the symptoms of the disease? Frequent urge to urinate, even if it is not necessary. Or vice versa - a person may not feel that the time has come to empty the bladder, which even threatens uncontrolled urination. Also, with uncontrolled diabetes, large volumes of urine (more than usual) can be excreted due to the fact that the body itself tries to regulate the content of glucose in the blood, removing excess through the urine.

How to deal with it? In this case, it is necessary to consult a doctor about how to take control of blood sugar levels. It may be necessary to establish a special strict diet and develop special physical exercises. Many diabetics, knowing about their illness, do not tell doctors about such unpleasant details as uncontrolled urination, believing that this happens with many of their disease, or, perhaps, not linking these symptoms with diabetes. But in vain - this may indicate that the treatment is taking place with complications, and diabetes is out of control.

3. Signal Three: Hypothyroidism

What it is? Hypothyroidism is actually a dysfunction thyroid gland, which is known to regulate metabolism (metabolism) in the body. According to urogynecologist Gil Rabin, this disease can also cause disturbances in the functioning of the nervous system and signal failure transmitted to the pelvic muscles. Women are more frequently affected by this disease than men.

What are the symptoms of the disease? Urgent, unexpected urge to go to the toilet is, in fact, incontinence, which occurs even when the bladder is empty. This is usually considered a minor symptom of hypothyroidism.. First of all, you need to pay attention to attacks severe fatigue, permanent coldness, weight gain, dry skin and, in some cases, hair loss.

How to deal with it? If you notice these symptoms in yourself, you should definitely consult a doctor. Hypothyroidism is treatable, which will help alleviate all of the above unpleasant symptoms.

4. Signal Four: Prostate Problems

What it is? The prostate, which looks like flattened tangerine slices, is the gland that surrounds the urethra in men. This organ plays an important role in male body during urination and during ejaculation, but periodically it is subject to increase. This compresses the urethra (urethra), causing discomfort and causing a condition called prostate hyperplasia (enlargement of the structural elements of the prostate). This disease is most common in men over 50, as is prostate cancer. Another complication of the prostate, called inflammation of the prostate, or prostatitis, is more common in younger men. The presence of one of these complications may not necessarily imply the presence of other problems indicated.

What are the symptoms of the disease? Unexpected urgent urge to empty the bladder, frequent nighttime urination, small amounts of urine after the process of urination, difficulty urinating and, in general, an increase in the number of urination during the day or night.

How to deal with it? Prostate problems are classified as serious problems in the body, as they can lead to other complications. This means that if you experience any of the above symptoms, you should immediately consult a doctor. Often men are stopped unpleasant procedure diagnosis of this disease and even less pleasant procedures treatments, including prostate massage. But a consultation with a doctor is simply necessary, at least in order to exclude such terrible disease like prostate cancer. Actually, the first examination procedures for prostate problems are aimed specifically at excluding (or confirming) this diagnosis. A special blood test for the presence of the so-called prostate-specific antigen can also help.

5. Signal Five: Chronic Urinary Tract Infection

What it is? Chronic urinary tract infection is the second most common infectious disease in the human body. Most often this disease occurs in women, although both sexes suffer from it.

What are the symptoms of the disease? Constant urge to urinate, burning sensation when urinating, frequent urination, reddish or cloudy urine and, in some cases, bad smell. You may also feel heat, localized pain, and a feeling of constriction in your bladder.

How to deal with it? Undoubtedly, you need to see a doctor. Usually, the infection can be dealt with in a day or two with appropriate antibiotics, which can only be prescribed by the attending physician. If the infection is running, it may take more time to clear it from the body. strong antibiotics and strict observance diet, lifestyle, etc. If a chronic infection occurs repeatedly, then you should pay attention to other causes that lead to it - diabetes or even pregnancy, for example. You should also pay attention, again, to lifestyle, habits, diet - there are also possible violations that cause a relapse of the disease. Women suffering from chronic infection urinary tract, it is recommended to use sanitary pads rather than tampons. It is also worth avoiding the douching procedure (a therapeutic and prophylactic procedure that consists in washing the vagina with solutions medicinal substances or special hygiene products). It is necessary to visit the toilet before and after entering into an intimate relationship; avoid excessive consumption of alcohol and caffeinated beverages, which are also known to irritate the bladder.

6. Signal Six: Obesity

What it is? Generally speaking, in order to understand that you have gained too much weight, there is no need to listen to some signals coming from the bladder. To do this, just look at yourself in the mirror or stand on the scales.. But, often, such obvious manifestations of obesity are simply ignored until excess weight begins to create real problems in everyday life: when performing any functions, when moving, etc. Excess weight indicates that the muscles of the pelvic bottom, which are directly related to the urinary system, there is a constant additional pressure. Over time, being overweight can weaken urinary system- in particular the sphincter of the bladder, which performs a locking function, squeezing the urethra when urination does not occur, that is, almost always.

What are the symptoms of the disease? The release of a small amount of urine can occur during coughing, sneezing, physical exertion, and even under more unusual circumstances - during stress. This phenomenon is known as stress incontinence.

"People don't often associate overweight and urinary disorders, however, these two concepts are interconnected, says urologist Adam Tierney. - And people who are overweight are prone to diabetes, which itself can cause incontinence in addition to stress incontinence.".

How to deal with it? Special pelvic floor exercises and some other incontinence treatments can strengthen weakened muscles and reduce the frequency of incontinence attacks. You should stop smoking, as the cough that often haunts smokers provokes a weakening of the pelvic floor muscles.

But the very first remedy for stress incontinence for those who suffer from excessive fullness is to work hard on themselves and achieve the optimal combination of body weight and height parameters. In 2009, doctors conducted a study, the results of which were published in an authoritative scientific publication, medical journal New England Journal of Medicine. According to the information provided, the number of unpleasant episodes associated with incontinence was halved in those suffering from overweight women who managed to lose only 8 percent of total weight of your body.

7. Signal Seven: Interstitial Cystitis

What it is? Bladder dysfunction associated with chronic inflammation, which entails irritation of the walls of the bladder, or in other words interstitial cystitis(also often called painful (irritable) bladder syndrome), occurs in both sexes. However, this disease is most common in women. Unfortunately, the causes of this violation are not yet clear enough.

Interstitial cystitis is very often associated with sleep disturbances, migraines, depression, and some pain syndromes – fibromyalgia(a form of damage to extra-articular soft tissues), irritable bowel syndrome, chronic fatigue syndrome.

What are the symptoms of the disease? Very frequent urination (several times an hour throughout the day (for information - a person under normal conditions does not need to urinate more than seven times a day)), pain when urinating, which is mainly concentrated in the pelvic area. Pain is usually felt during a sudden exacerbation of diseases, or during menstruation, sex, stress. This is very similar to a urinary tract infection, but the tests do not detect the corresponding bacteria.

How to deal with it? Unfortunately, there are neither reliable methods for detecting interstitial cystitis, nor cardinal ways to cure it. But complete medical research will help choose the most successful treatment that will alleviate the symptoms of the disease, or even indicate some other causes of these symptoms. In general, interstitial cystitis as such is treated with medications and lifestyle changes, which can help sufferers manage their symptoms better. For example, the appointment of special diets, in which products that irritate the bladder (containing caffeine, some acids) are completely excluded from the diet.

8. Signal eight: prolapse of organs

What it is? For the most part occurs in women, often after childbirth; basically, we are talking about the prolapse of the bladder - meaning the situation when the organ is displaced from its usual position, often descending into the vaginal opening. This happens because the pelvic floor muscles that support the bladder are weakened during times of stress. weight lifting, chronic cough(in smokers in particular), obesity and menopause (especially with a hormonal shift) - all of these reasons can also lead to organ prolapse.

What are the symptoms of the disease? Frequent urination, or bouts of incontinence; after urination there is no relief; discomfort or even pain in the vagina, pelvis, groin, lower back; heaviness in the vaginal area (which may not be felt as much when a person is in a prone position).

How to deal with it? For mild cases, weakened muscles are strengthened by physical therapy. In more serious cases intervention required replacement therapy estrogen(treatment with preparations of female sex hormones), electrical stimulation, the introduction of vaginal suppositories (devices inserted into the vagina to maintain organs). And How last resort for treatment, doctors consider surgery.

9. Signal nine: dehydration of the body

What it is? Dehydration of the body means that there is less fluid in the human body than it should be. Everyone can suffer from dehydration, especially the elderly. The most likely causes are diarrhea and (or) vomiting, the effects of fever, excessive sweating during sports, diabetes, in the end. In the case of diabetes, a spike in blood sugar leads to too much frequent urination, as the body tries to get rid of excess glucose, removing it with urine.

What are the symptoms of the disease? Abnormally dark (from amber to Brown color) urine, urine with a sharp bad smell. Although these signs alone are not a sufficiently reliable indicator of health problems in the body (except when there is blood in the urine). According to Dr. Adam Tierney, whether the urine is dark, whether it has a different suspicious shade, whether it foams - rather, it often depends on what we eat and on the drugs that are on this moment accept than from some hidden diseases. But if the urine looks dark and concentrated, the diagnosis of dehydration of the body is quite likely.

Other symptoms of dehydration are: increased amount of urine when urinating, headaches, lethargy, drowsiness, dry skin and mouth, dizziness and general restlessness.

How to deal with it? So-called infusion therapy (restoration of the volume of lost fluid) will help to cope with dehydration of the body. The type of fluid used in this method, and the method of infusion, depends on the degree of complexity of the situation. Intravenous infusions are carried out in the most difficult cases. In milder cases of dehydration, the person may simply be told to drink frequently. clean water in large quantities, or a special solution for oral rehydration. To avoid dehydration, drink six to seven glasses of fluid a day (especially for older people), or eat foods with great content liquids (soups, watermelons, etc.).

10 Signal Ten: Cancer

What it is? Cancer can form in the bladder, in the kidneys, in what is called the renal pelvis (the area of the kidneys where urine collects), or in the ureter (the hollow tubular organ that carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder). Transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis and ureter is the most common form of cancer., when cancer cells formed in the walls of the bladder (which have a so-called lining of transitional and flat cells) are transferred to other parts of the body.

What are the symptoms of the disease? blood in the urine (pinkish, brownish, or red); pain accompanying urination, urge to urinate without excretion of urine. Very often (mainly in men) the tumor blocks the passage of urine and causes urinary incontinence due to overflow of the bladder.

How to deal with it? Of course, the intervention of qualified doctors is necessary. Symptoms that point to bladder cancer can, in fact, be indicative of a variety of other conditions. But in order to find out this, it is necessary to undergo a thorough diagnosis without fail.. And the sooner the better, because bladder cancer, if diagnosed on early stage, heal.

Weak bladder is delicate issue for a woman, because this is nothing more than urinary incontinence. Many prefer to remain silent and not even complain to their loved ones. This is the wrong tactic, because when the disease becomes chronic, it is much more difficult to cure it.

An experienced urologist can help get rid of this disease once and for all. A weak bladder can be the result of injury or sclerosis of the external sphincter of the bladder, as well as tumors of benign or malignant etiology.

Both men and women suffer from this disease, but according to statistics, 70% of all cases of the disease are related to the female half of humanity.

Under normal physiological rhythm and an absolutely healthy bladder, urine accumulates in a certain volume. Sensitive endings of the receptor system of the muscle layer, bladder mucosa and sphincter transmit signals towards the central nervous system (CNS). The reverse reaction of the central nervous system is heaviness in the projection zone of the bladder, that is, pressure appears in the small pelvis. Emptying of the fluid occurs through contraction of the muscular layer of the bladder and relaxation of the sphincter muscles. After urination, the contractions stop, and the sphincter takes its initial position, tightly closing the lumen of the urethra.

A weak bladder in women is characterized by a damaged sphincter closure function, therefore, at the slightest filling of the bladder and a small physical activity urination occurs.

Causes of weakness:

hereditary factors;
age-related changes in the structure of the bladder;
anomalies in the development of the genitourinary system;
inflammatory and infectious diseases;
poisoning with pesticides;
pregnancy;
childbirth;
chronic cystitis;
oncological diseases;
bladder polyposis;
violation of the innervation of the pelvic organs;
tuberculosis;
injuries in the pelvic area involving urinary organs.

Difficult delivery large fruit or its incorrect presentation leads to injury to the bladder, urinary canal and external sphincter. This happens due to strong and prolonged pressure on these organs. Muscle tone weakens, becomes inflamed and does not recover if appropriate measures are not taken.

As far as climacteric changes are concerned, this case hypertrophy of the genitourinary organs occurs, the detrusor remains half-open and urine flows outward under low tension or freely exits the bladder that is not completely closed.

Symptoms of bladder weakness

The first most important symptom is frequent, scanty and painless emptying of the bladder. The second symptom of weakness is the feeling of a constantly full bladder.

Chronic weakness is characterized involuntary urination while coughing, sneezing, jumping, running, fearful or laughing. As a rule, it temporarily passes, and in infectious diseases, sphincter weakness returns in the acute phase.

Cystitis and a sharp hypothermia of the body are accompanied by weakness, which disappears after medical therapy antibiotics and nonsteroidal drugs.

Important! After an inflammatory and infectious disease of the bladder, as well as with frequent acute respiratory viral infections, the weakness of the sphincter of the urinary canal can persist until the end of life, so it is necessary to full course treatment in the urological department under the supervision of a doctor.

Treating a Weak Bladder in Women

The disease brings a lot of trouble, especially for a working woman who is constantly in the public eye. Frequent weaning to the toilet can threaten with dismissal. Plus, thoughts will be constantly directed towards the urinary system.

At the same time, sexual life suffers doubly, that is, women refuse sexual intercourse because of free urination and fear of embarrassing themselves in front of their partner, even if a couple of drops of urine dripped during sex. Therefore, you should not hesitate to contact a doctor, because only after a complete examination, he will be able to suggest how to strengthen the bladder.

Treatment is carried out exclusively with individual approach. The course of treatment includes antibiotic therapy, physiotherapy exercises, as well as inpatient treatment, bladder massage is often prescribed.

Are there ways to help yourself?

A strengthening approach is possible in support of therapy prescribed by a urologist. It mainly consists of the following recommendations:

revise diet

It is necessary to use less meat products, do not abuse fried, fatty and spicy. From drinks, non-carbonated natural drinks are recommended, it is important to refuse strong tea and coffee. Up to 5 g of table salt can be consumed per day.

Include seafood, fish and nuts (walnuts, forest and pine nuts), as well as pumpkin and sunflower seeds in the menu. Every day, eat 100 g of undercooked rice and sprouted wheat. Decoctions and fresh teas from lemon balm, St. John's wort and mint will help improve the functioning of the genitourinary system. Decoctions are a persistent strengthening of the muscles of the bladder and sphincter.

Regulate fluid intake to 1.5 liters per day. Try not to drink a lot of tea or juice at work.

Do exercises to strengthen your pelvic muscles

Constant strengthening exercises for the musculature of the small pelvis and bladder will improve the physiological functioning of the sphincter.

Synchronous tension of the muscles of the genitourinary system: tighten the muscles and hold it for about 5 seconds, then relax and repeat up to 40 times. This exercise repeat 20 times a day.
Strengthening bladder muscles under load: lying in a horizontal position, raise both legs up and down 40-50 times. Repeat this exercise 5 times a day.
Comprehensive strengthening of the abdominal and pelvic muscles: synchronous contraction of the rectus abdominis and pelvic muscles. 50-100 contractions are performed in any position of the body (lying, sitting or standing).
Training the contractile function of the sphincter: we contract only the external sphincter of the bladder. Exercises are repeated up to 50 times 10-20 times a day.

If you are busy at work, then these exercises can be performed fractionally, that is, divided into two parts, performed in the morning and evening.

Important! If you have had bladder surgery, you should definitely consult with your doctor before doing strengthening exercises.