Why bile enters the stomach treatment. Throwing bile into the stomach: treatment with medications and folk remedies. Typical symptoms of the disease

The reflux of bile into the stomach in medical circles is called duodenogastric reflux. This condition is due to the reverse flow of bile from duodenum. Normally, the stomach and duodenum are separated by the pyloric sphincter. This structure is represented by a muscular ring, which opens when it is necessary to move the food bolus. Under certain pathological processes, the sphincter tone may weaken, which leads to the loss of the barrier function between two adjacent organs. Treatment of reflux of bile into the stomach is not an easy task requiring a doctor integrated approach to solving the problem.

The location of the organs of the upper section digestive system

The reasons

Bile is special environment synthesized by liver cells for cleavage nutrients. Normally, bile flows through the intrahepatic ducts and enters the gallbladder, and from there it enters the duodenum through the bile ducts. Primary processing The food bolus is carried out in the oral cavity, then it enters the stomach, where it continues to break down under the influence of hydrochloric acid and gastric enzymes. In the next step, chyme (processed food bolus) enters the duodenum (duodenum) where it is further broken down by bile and pancreatic enzymes.

Scheme of reflux of bile into the stomach

Treatment of bile reflux directly depends on the cause that caused this condition. How does bile get into? The reverse flow of duodenal contents is provoked by many pathological factors. The most commonplace of these is congenital pyloric weakness.

In addition, a special role in the development of reflux is played by conditions causing an increase pressure in the duodenum:

Neoplasms of the duodenum and neighboring organs;
mechanical injury;
Inflammation of the duodenum;
obstruction in upper divisions intestines.

When squeezing the duodenum, the outflow of bile to the underlying departments is disturbed digestive tract. As a result, there is an increase in pressure in the duodenum and its contents are thrown back into the stomach.

Typical symptoms of reflux into the stomach and esophagus are:

Heartburn;
Heaviness and pain in the epigastrium;
Discomfort behind the sternum;
and nausea.

When bile is released into oral cavity is felt.

A similar pathogenesis can be observed in late pregnancy. The uterus, enlarged in size, compresses all organs abdominal cavity, including the WPC. As a rule, the condition is temporary and does not require radical treatment. All symptoms go away after delivery.

Why does bile enter the stomach healthy people? There is a group of pharmacological drugs that have a direct effect on smooth muscle structures. gastrointestinal tract. Data medicines called muscle relaxants and they are used to relieve pain attack with exacerbation of osteochondrosis, sciatica and to eliminate convulsive syndrome. At long-term use or by increasing the recommended dosage, excessive relaxation of the pyloric sphincter and reflux of bile into the stomach may occur.

During surgical operation possible damage to the muscle fibers of the pyloric sphincter. As a result of this, a window is formed between the stomach and the duodenum through which bile is thrown.

Risk factors

There may be predisposing factors for the development of duodenogastric reflux. Experts note that the leading cause is obesity. Increased intra-abdominal pressure arising from abdominal obesity this is the main reason for the reflux of bile into the stomach. Bad habits such as excessive alcohol consumption and smoking also play a special role.

people leading sedentary image life, have an increased tendency to bile reflux. Hypodynamia contributes to a violation of the motility of the digestive tract in general and a decrease in the tone of the pyloric sphincter in particular.

Diet

For patients suffering from reflux of bile, it is recommended to follow the principle fractional nutrition. This diet involves the use of food in small portions, 5-6 times a day. In order not to bother counting calories, you can take your standard portion and divide it in half. It is forbidden to eat fried, smoked, fatty spicy food. Food is only allowed to be cooked in the oven, double boiler or consumed in boiled form. Food should be thoroughly chewed or pre-crushed. Large under-chewed pieces can overload the stomach and other organs of the gastrointestinal tract.

After eating, do not take horizontal position within 60 minutes, it is also not recommended to perform physical exercises and do another vigorous activity. To reduce acidity and eliminate the damaging effect on the gastric mucosa, it is recommended to avoid the use of citrus fruits, tomatoes and fermented milk products.

Treatment

As already mentioned above, bile reflux is a dependent disease, and a symptom of one of them. To draw up a competent treatment plan, it is necessary to find out the cause that provokes this condition, take into account individual characteristics patient and comorbidities.

Symptomatic treatment does not eliminate the underlying disease, but helps to reduce the severity of symptoms and improve the quality of life. A special role in therapy this violation play selective prokinetics. Treatment with this group of drugs allows you to accelerate the evacuation of the contents of the stomach, get rid of excess bile and prevent reflux into the esophagus.

proton pump inhibitors

The launch of drugs from this group on the market has become a revolution in the treatment of acid-related diseases of the stomach. They allow for long time reduce acidity and thereby prevent the development of erosions and ulcers of the mucous membrane of the stomach and duodenum. In the course of research, it was noted that bile, when interacting with hydrochloric acid, becomes more aggressive towards the epithelium of the stomach. To prevent this, they are appointed pharmacological preparations that suppress acidity and have a gastroprotective effect.

Antacids

These are medicines used in the fight against acid-dependent diseases of the stomach and duodenum. Preparations from this group began to be widely used more than a century ago. One of the first antacids is considered baking soda. Since then it has been developed great amount medicines with a similar effect. As active ingredient different chemical compounds with special pharmacological properties. The drugs based on compounds of aluminum, magnesium and calcium showed the greatest efficiency. As a rule, doctors recommend using drugs with a combined composition ...

Magnesium-based preparations enhance mucus formation, which additionally protects the gastric mucosa from negative impact bile. , containing aluminum, form a protective film over the damaged areas of the stomach and slightly absorb bile acids. Given these features, combined antacids containing aluminum and magnesium are recommended for people suffering from bile reflux.

Ursodeoxycholic acid

Medicines from this group change chemical composition bile, making it less aggressive for the stomach. Originally Ursohol and others similar drugs developed for the treatment cholelithiasis and excess bile in the stomach. After clinical trials a number of additional positive effects rendered in other diseases of the liver and biliary tract. Not recommended for use in the presence of X-ray positive gallstones and with cirrhosis of the liver in the stage of decompensation. It is forbidden to apply with a pronounced form of hepatic and kidney failure due to metabolic disorders and excretion of the drug from the body.

Surgical manipulations

Many organic pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract provoke the development duodenal reflux. In such cases, the leading treatment would be surgical intervention. To date, several surgical techniques have been developed that allow access to the abdominal organs:

Laparotomy. View surgical access, at which the dissection of the anterior abdominal wall along the white line of the abdomen. It's old surgical technique, but it is also relevant this moment. In severe, urgent situations requiring immediate action, only access through an incision in the anterior abdominal wall is used.
Laparoscopic operations. This type of surgery is less traumatic than the previous one. The procedure is to use special equipment(laparoscope) for the diagnosis and treatment of organic pathology of the abdominal organs. Laparoscopy is a new word in surgery. Thanks to this method of treatment, it was possible to significantly reduce the risk of surgical complications and reduce rehabilitation period sick.

Folk remedies

Treatment of bile reflux into the esophagus with the help of folk remedies comes down to the use of various healing decoctions. Best proven herbal preparations, consisting of plantain, immortelle, thyme and St. John's wort. For cooking, it is necessary to pour boiling water over the herbs and boil them for no more than a minute. Then the broth should stand a little in a cool place. Thereafter healing remedy ready to use.

Bile in the stomach is a specific manifestation that is a sign of the reflux of bile from the duodenum into the stomach cavity.

With proper functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, bile enters from the liver into the duodenum and further, along with food, through the lower intestines. With the development of certain pathologies, failures may occur in this process - the functionality of the pylorus is disturbed, pressure in the duodenum rises, there may be a duodenal release of contents into the stomach.

Etiology

With the development characteristic symptoms the doctor prescribes a laboratory and instrumental examination in order to understand why bile enters the gastric contents. There can be many reasons for such a violation.

The human gastrointestinal tract is designed in such a way that normally food can be transported through the stomach and intestines exclusively from top to bottom. Sphincters do not allow food to go in the opposite direction, but this effect can be with vomiting, when the body tries to get rid of toxic substances. If the contents of the liver are in the stomach, it means that the muscular valve is weakened or a pathological effect has been exerted on it.

The appearance of bile in the stomach various reasons, which are often associated with diseases of the liver or gallbladder.

Provoking factors for the appearance of anomalies can be such indicators:

pregnancy - the uterus increases, begins to put pressure on the duodenum 12, and therefore there is a release of duodenal contents into the stomach;
hereditary anatomical disorders;
mechanical damage, tumors and hernias;
excessive use of certain drugs;
complications after surgery.

The following factors can contribute to the progression of bile reflux into the stomach:

regular consumption of food in large quantities;
unbalanced diet;
eating before bed;
excessive drinking of water during meals;
sudden movements or sports after eating.

Symptoms

The release of bile into the stomach is often manifested in quite healthy people. If a person found such a sign only once, then the symptoms are not particularly manifested. But if the progression of duodenogastric reflux occurs several times, then the patient begins to form characteristics. The clinical picture of the disease is in the following indicators:

pain syndrome of a constant or periodic nature;
belching with fetid odor or bitter taste;
heartburn appears at the moment when a lot of bile accumulates in the stomach and esophagus;
feeling of heaviness in the abdomen;
a yellow coating appears on the tongue;
nausea;
vomiting with an admixture of bile.

Bile, when accumulated in the stomach, has an aggressive effect, and for this reason, the mucosa of the organ begins to become inflamed. If therapy is not started on time, then the patient begins to develop a clinical picture of gastritis and ulcers.

Diagnostics

To identify a problem in the biliary tract and understand why such a pathology has formed, the doctor uses many examination methods. First of all, you need to collect an anamnesis, identify the presence of other ailments, determine clinical picture and establish a presumptive diagnosis. For a complete examination, the patient is prescribed the following examination:

biochemical analysis of the liver;
Ultrasound of the abdominal organs;
fibroesophagogastroduodenoscopy (FEGDS);
duodenal sounding;
endoscopic ultrasonography;
cholecystography;
choledochoscintigraphy.

Only after all the above examinations have been carried out, the doctor can establish a diagnosis and prescribe therapy.

Treatment

With bile in the stomach, doctors first try to eliminate not the symptom itself, but the cause of its appearance. But if you use symptomatic treatment, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of reflux, to help improve the patient's well-being.

To achieve this goal, after the examination, the attending physician decides how to get rid of bile in the stomach and what medicines will be most effective. Therapy is prescribed on an individual basis, depending on the characteristics of the body. Often prescribed the use of such drugs:

selective prokinetics - allow you to improve the evacuation of food from the stomach and empty it. Helps to get rid of accumulated bile and improve sphincter tone;
inhibitors proton pump- therapy occurs by reducing the level of hydrochloric acid;
non-selective blockers - are prescribed to relax smooth muscles;
antispasmodics - normalize the tone of smooth muscles biliary tract;
antacids - lower the level of hydrochloric acid.

Gastritis chronic form can be cured conservative method, while many ailments that provoke the reflux of bile into the stomach require prompt assistance. As a rule, during surgery, doctors use the method of laparoscopic correction of duodenogastric reflux. Laparoscopy is a minimally invasive therapy technique that can be used to correct the malfunctioning of the sphincter. The operation is performed with minimal impact on the body and injury to the skin.

Also used in medicine traditional methods rendering surgical care through an incision in the anterior abdominal wall. The method of radical treatment is chosen depending on the cause of the accumulation of bile in the stomach. Often such surgical method therapy is used to remove the tumor and hernia.

There are quite a few methods for removing bile from the stomach, and one of them is diet. For effective elimination symptom doctors prescribe to patients complex therapy, which consists in the use of all methods of treatment. Diet with bile in the stomach is based on compliance proper nutrition. The patient is advised to start the day with useful products, which have a gentle effect on the shell of the gastrointestinal tract, for example, kefir, oatmeal, jelly. Portions should be small. Meals per day should be at least five, so that the patient does not overcome the feeling of hunger, and not too much hydrochloric acid is released.

The patient's diet should not contain such dishes:

fatty;
fried;
salty;
acute;
smoked;
alcoholic drinks and soda;
vegetable oils;
animal fat.

For normal functioning GI tract and recovery general condition, preferably a day to eat more products with bran. Daily diet should be based on:

pears;
dried apricots;
prunes;
watermelon;
carrot;
pumpkin;
zucchini.

At proper elimination the patient will be able to stop the development of symptoms, and get rid of the cause of the reflux of bile into the stomach.

Complications

Reflux of bile into the stomach wrong therapy can provoke the appearance of other pathologies:

Barrett's esophagus - the condition is characterized as precancerous. It develops as a result of the constant ingress of bile into the esophagus, because of which the membrane of the lower sections is injured;
reflux gastritis - inflammatory process the walls of the stomach;
gastroesophageal reflux disease - the contents from the stomach enters the esophagus, and damages its membrane.

Prevention

Bile in the stomach begins to significantly irritate the mucous membrane of the organ, which provokes the appearance of unpleasant symptoms and discomfort. To prevent the occurrence of such a symptom, doctors recommend giving up all negative habits, reviewing and balancing your diet, and regularly seeing a doctor.

The reasons

Normally, digestion works by moving food down the esophagus. The reverse movement is prevented by the sphincter muscles. If for some reason, their functioning is impaired, then the patient experiences reflux.

This often occurs after gallbladder removal surgery. Since it is a "vessel" for filling with bile, in its absence, the secret stagnates, the outflow is disturbed, it penetrates into the stomach.

This reason is the most common, but there are others:

Bad habits - smoking and alcohol abuse.
Plentiful drinking of water during meals.
Various formations near the intestines: tumors, hernias, polyps. They create pressure on the duodenum, causing bile to flow back.
Wrong nutrition. Use junk food, which is difficult to digest (fatty, salty, fried). The body begins to secrete in an enhanced mode to process food. As a result, the bladder overflows, and excess bile is released into the epigastrium.
Excessive workload, as well as sleep immediately after a meal.
Pregnancy. On the final stages the uterus begins to grow and squeeze the internal organs of the abdominal cavity.
Long-term treatment with drugs that relieve muscle spasms. They relax the muscles, including the sphincter.
Inflammatory processes in the abdomen.
hereditary factor.

Sometimes reflux can be provoked stressful situation. In this case, the phenomenon quickly passes, which means there is no reason for concern. Regularly recurring symptoms should prompt a person to seek medical help.

Typical Symptoms

Classical symptoms of bile reflux into the epigastrium:

pressing pain under the ribs, may be vague, "blurred". The severity depends on the degree of mucosal damage;
heartburn;
discomfort in the chest;
belching;
nausea, gag reflex;
yellowish coating on the tongue;
fetid "sour" smell from the mouth (especially noticeable on an empty stomach).

The caustic liquid may rise higher into the oral area. At the same time, a characteristic bitterness is felt.

The mucosa and its microflora suffer from too aggressive exposure bile acids on the walls. Therefore, the disease must be eliminated as soon as possible.

Diagnostics

Having noticed the first symptoms in himself, a person should not self-medicate. This can only aggravate the situation, so do not delay contacting a medical facility for a long time.

By contacting a doctor, you will go through several diagnostic measures so that the doctor can put correct diagnosis and provide adequate therapy.

Ultrasound examination of the gastrointestinal tract. The study allows you to identify the presence of stones, cystic and other formations.
Radiography. This diagnostic method allows you to assess the condition, functioning and location internal organs. Before the procedure, the patient needs to drink a contrast agent.
Fibrogastroduodenoscopy (FGDS). A small camera is inserted into the esophagus. The doctor looks at the monitor and identifies any defects in the digestive system. Collection possible biological material: gastric juice, bile. In the event that circumstances so require (the doctor makes a decision on an individual basis).

Treatment of the disease

If attacks occur rarely (once every 2 months), then radical measures are not required. All bad habits are excluded and the patient's nutrition is normalized.

If there are other diseases that contribute to the reflux of bile, then 2 basic principles of treatment are applied: elimination of symptoms and normalization of the outflow of bile.

Medical treatment

In the treatment of pathology with the help of medicines, they use drugs that relax smooth muscle, suppressing the secretion of the mucosa, improving the structure and motility of the bladder.

To stimulate the work of the gastrointestinal tract, take the following tablets:

motilium;
zelmak;
itomed.

They activate digestion, accelerating the promotion and excretion stool. This clears the entire system.

The aggressive effect of hydrochloric acid is facilitated by antacids (Nexium, Maalox, Almagel). With their help, the pH balance of the microflora is normalized due to their effect on the secretory glands.

When there is a lot of bile, it is neutralized with ursodeoxycholic acid (Ursofalk). Chemical substances, which are part of it, pass into a water-soluble form directly in the stomach, from where they are excreted from the body.

Pain syndrome is relieved by antispasmodics (No-shpa).

Surgery

Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, accompanied by the release of bile, often require treatment operational way. modern medicine reached high level, so there are gentle treatments that avoid serious injury:

Laparoscopy. The operation is performed through a small hole with a diameter of not more than one and a half centimeters. The surgeon makes several incisions in the abdomen. Next, an instrument and a probe with a camera are inserted. In most cases, patients tolerate this surgical intervention. Recovery takes place under the supervision of doctors. Appointed the right drugs, procedures. Seams are checked regularly.
Laparotomy. If it is impossible to carry out the operation described in the previous paragraph, doctors resort to this method. In this case, perhaps the removal of diseased organs. The risk of complications is high, the rehabilitation is long. Medications are prescribed, physiotherapy procedures are carried out. Inspection and processing of seams is carried out more often and more carefully.

Folk remedies to neutralize bile

Traditional medicine can also be effective in combating large quantity bile in the stomach. The main thing is to consult a doctor, and not self-medicate.

Recipes are prescribed that can drive away excess bile from the epigastrium, relieve pain and neutralize unpleasant bitterness in the oral cavity.

You can eliminate soreness with a decoction of mountain ash or wild rose. At the same time, combining them with herbal infusions (birch, dandelion leaves, immortelle).

To cleanse the stomach, it is recommended to drink a decoction of flax seeds. The walls of the stomach are strengthened. To prepare it, you need to grind the seeds and pour them warm water, leave to swell for a while. The resulting porridge is for breakfast.

To eliminate the unpleasant bitter taste in the mouth, it is enough just to drink a couple of glasses of warm boiled water. Thus, the gastric mucosa is cleansed, and bile is excreted.

If appeared in the upper parts of the digestive tract, propolis is used. 10 grams should be dissolved in ½ cup of vodka, insist for 3 days and strain. Take 60 drops half an hour before a meal.

Complications

If the phenomenon is permanent and prolonged, then it becomes fraught with serious consequences.

Pathological complications include:

development of a stomach ulcer;
reflux gastritis - develops with inflammation of the gastric walls;
gastroesophageal disease is also characterized by inflammation and damage to the walls of the organ. In this case, its contents are in the esophagus. This can cause Barett's syndrome, which is considered pre-cancer.

Proper diet serves both as a way to eliminate symptoms and an excellent prevention of the disease.

Exclude products that enhance secretion.
Drink enough water, but do not drink food in the process.
The dish should be warm, and in no case hot or cold, so as not to irritate the mucous membrane.
Better to boil or steam.
Frequent small meals.

Products should be selected according to standard rules healthy eating(nothing greasy, spicy, sweet, etc.)

Pathology requires mandatory and thorough diagnosis. Timely appeal for medical help, further adherence to the treatment plan and the recommendations of the attending physician will help you recover quickly, and if complete cure impossible, then reduce the manifestation of symptoms and improve the quality of life of the patient.

Constant heartburn, an unpleasant bitter taste in the mouth, pain in the hypochondrium - all these signs often accompany the reflux of bile into the stomach. Despite the apparent simplicity of this problem and its prevalence, this condition requires exceptionally competent treatment. Otherwise, the risk of developing enough serious complications in the form of gastritis and That is why one should not turn a blind eye to such a problem as the reflux of bile into the stomach. Treatment, causes, symptoms of this pathology can be found by reading this article.

general information

Bile plays a direct role in the functioning of the digestive system of each person. It is constantly produced by the liver. Then it enters the gallbladder. From there, if necessary, it is thrown into the duodenum, where food is split.

Normally, the process of moving pieces of food through the esophagus is exclusively one-sided. Sphincters prevent its return. These are special muscle rings located on the border of the esophagus with the stomach.

If any disorders or diseases occur, the sphincter ceases to perform its primary functions normally, which entails the reflux of bile into the stomach. The causes of this pathology can be very different, ranging from bad habits to pregnancy. Interacting with gastric juice, which has hydrochloric acid in its composition, bile can literally corrode the walls of the stomach. All this often leads to the development of quite serious illnesses and even precancerous conditions.

Main reasons

Symptoms. How exactly is the reflux of bile into the stomach manifested?

The reasons for the reflux of bile into the stomach directly affect the symptoms of pathology. However, for given state several common features which allow the most accurate diagnosis to be made.

The presence of bile in the stomach is usually indicated the following symptoms:

Diagnostics

If the above symptoms persist for several days, you need to seek help from a gastroenterologist for a complete diagnostic examination. Its results allow you to determine the causes of bile entering the stomach, as well as prescribe appropriate therapy. In most cases, the following methods are used to confirm such a diagnosis:

What should be the therapy?

One should not ignore such a problem as the reflux of bile into the stomach. The reasons for the development of this pathology, as a rule, "dictate" subsequent therapy. Depending on the factors that provoked its development, treatment may be conservative or surgical.

The first option is aimed at neutralizing the irritating effect of bile on the mucous organs, as well as ensuring their adequate cleansing. For these purposes, the following drugs are used:

antacids that reduce the level of acidity in the stomach (drugs "Maalox", "Rabeprazole", "Almagel");
pyrokinetics that promote the removal of bile from the stomach (drugs "Domperidone", "Metoclopramide");
means to enhance the motility of the gallbladder;
antispasmodics (drugs "Papaverine", "Drotaverine", "Scopolamine").

The decision on surgical intervention in each case is made exclusively by a specialist.

What should be the food?

Apart from drug treatment A special diet is recommended for all patients without exception. First of all, you should give up fatty, fried, spicy and overly salty foods. The diet should consist mainly of cooked lean meat. Better for breakfast oatmeal on the water. All food is recommended to be taken in small portions approximately five times a day.

This pretty simple diet coupled with therapy, it allows you to forget about such a problem as reflux of bile into the stomach forever. The causes of pathology, as already noted above, often lie in bad habits patient. You should completely abandon the use of alcoholic products, cigarettes, coffee.

Possible Complications

Never underestimate this problem. With absence adequate treatment increases the likelihood of developing diseases such as stomach ulcers, gastritis, (a precancerous condition).

Conclusion

In this article, we told in as much detail as possible why bile in the stomach is so dangerous. The causes, symptoms and treatment of this condition should not be ignored. Otherwise, the risk of formation of quite dangerous ailments, including cancer.

Reflux esophagitis is one of the most common disorders digestive process. When bile is released into the esophagus, and then into the oral cavity, the contents of the stomach corrode the mucous membrane, provokes the occurrence of strong pain and heartburn.

Main reasons, causing spasm choledochus - biliary dyskinesia, inflammation of the gallbladder and liver, oncological processes. As soon as symptoms of the release of bile into the stomach appear, it is necessary to begin treatment of the condition. The chance to get rid of the disease increases if it can be caught at the very beginning.

Physiology of bile movement

The liver produces bile, which rises to the gallbladder due to the work of the sphincter of the gallbladder and contraction bile ducts.

In the gallbladder, bile accumulates, and as soon as the process of eating begins, it is reflexively thrown into the stomach through the sphincter of Oddi. In the stomach, the digestive juices mix and the digestion process begins.

With the removal of the gallbladder, dyskinesia of the bile ducts and liver diseases, the functions of the sphincter of Oddi are impaired. The discharge of contents no longer depends on impulses - the signals of the brain that it produces when food enters the stomach.

The sphincter contracts voluntarily, bile accumulates in the stomach, and under the influence negative factors thrown into the intestines and esophagus, enters the oral cavity, injuring the delicate mucosa.

Such casting causes serious complications:

reflux gastritis - the gastric mucosa becomes inflamed, after eating, the contents of the stomach are thrown back into the esophagus;
if treatment does not start on time, the condition worsens, gastroesophageal reflux disease begins - erosive and ulcerative lesions stomach and duodenum, the esophagus becomes inflamed;
in the future, the functional epithelium is replaced by a cylindrical analogue, and a diagnosis can be made "Baret's esophagus". This is the stage of a precancerous condition of the digestive organ.

Many factors that are not even related to a violation of the diet can influence the deterioration of the condition.

Causes of bile reflux into the esophagus

Food in a person should only pass from top to bottom - from the mouth to the esophagus, from the esophagus to the stomach and further into the intestines. Gagging doesn't count normal state- they occur during intoxication of the body, when the stomach is in urgently need to be detoxified. With the help of vomiting, the body protects itself from poisoning.

Digestive juices - hydrochloric acid, bile and pancreatic secretion enter the stomach - with their help, food is digested. The sphincter keeps the food lump from rising up the esophagus. Under the influence of negative factors, the digestive balance can be disturbed.

Causes of the release of bile from the stomach that do not require treatment:

violation of the diet - the abuse of carbonated drinks and products that stimulate bile secretion - fatty, smoked foods, strong coffee and tea;
the use of certain medical devices;
smoking;
physical activity and increased physical activity after meal;
pregnancy;
uncomfortable position while sleeping.

But there are conditions that can be dealt with without medical care impossible.

These include:

obesity 2-3 degrees;
enterocolitis various etiologies, bloating intestines;
insufficiency of the pylorus of the stomach;
biliary dyskinesia;
hernia of the esophageal part of the diaphragm in lower section esophagus
ascites at cardiovascular diseases and lesions of the respiratory system;
pathological changes in the duodenum;
diseases of the intestines and digestive organs.

With these diseases, conservative treatment does not always help, in severe cases surgical intervention is required. It should be taken into account that after surgery on the digestive organs, reflux symptoms also occur - bitterness is felt in the mouth.

Characteristic symptoms of the release of bile from the intestines into the esophagus

The following symptoms may indicate inflammation of the esophagus in the lower section - bile flow is disturbed, and there are:

heartburn - that is, a feeling that behind the sternum - under the pit of the stomach - as if baking, the pain rises from the bottom up, often appears after sudden movements or at night;
bitterness in the mouth and burning of the larynx - begins after tilting, with physical effort, when moving to a horizontal position;
gagging or bitter vomiting after eating;
severe pain in the diaphragm;
hiccups with full stomach.

Don't expect complications. Reflux can cause attacks of tachycardia and angina pectoris, adhesions appear in the esophagus due to constant irritation, the normal mucosa is replaced by scar tissue - appears high risk cancer of the esophagus and stomach. Don't wait for manifestations serious pathologies- Be sure to consult a doctor at the first symptoms of an unpleasant condition.

Diagnosis of the disease

A therapeutic regimen for eliminating bile reflux is prescribed after examination and diagnosis. Currently, first of all, a patient with suspected reflux is sent to FGS, where the presence of bile in the stomach is immediately visible outside the process of eating, and you can immediately take a piece of mucous for biopsy.

Abdominal ultrasonography, echography, ultrasound examination, radiography with a coloring agent are also performed. An endoscopic examination may be required.

Treatment of reflex disease

Regardless of the reasons that caused the reflux, the patient will have to sit on special diet, the purpose of which is to protect the mucous membrane digestive organs from the aggressive action of bile.

The diet is fractional, in small portions, up to 6-7 times a day (by the way, in the second half of pregnancy, regardless of the pressure on the diaphragm, it is advisable to switch to such a diet).

All foods that stimulate bile secretion are excluded from the diet - sour, fatty, spicy, smoked, sweet, carbonated drinks, chocolate, rich nutritious broths.

During treatment, you will have to eat viscous food - jelly, cereals; recommended to increase daily menu quantity of dairy and dairy products. From fresh vegetables and fruits will temporarily have to be abandoned.

AT therapeutic regimen for conservative treatment includes the following drugs.

proton pump inhibitors - "Omez", "Gastrozol", "Ranitidine", "Omezol", "Pepticum" or similar;
Antacids that protect the mucosa from damage and reduce the secretion of the digestive organs - "Maalox", "Almagel", "Gastrofarm";
Selective drugs that enhance the evacuation function and accelerate the flow of bile from the stomach into the intestines - "Motilium", "Cisapride";
To eliminate bitter belching and normalize bile secretion, drugs with ursodeoxyoleic acid are used - Ursosan, Ursofalk, Ursoliv;
To relieve spasm and eliminate pain, use antispasmodics - "No-shpu", "Spazmalgon", "Baralgin". It is desirable to use drugs of this group in injections to reduce the load on the stomach.

If the reflux of bile is caused by organic pathologies, then surgical intervention is necessary. Most safe operation that they are currently trying to perform is a laparotomy. Carry her out endoscopic method– thanks to such operations, the possibility of side effects is reduced.