Foam from the eyes of geese. Diseases of domestic geese: signs and treatment. Goose bumps in a child: how to treat with medication

Diseases of goslings and ducks - headache any poultry farmer. Anyone, even a novice poultry farmer, knows that the best treatment is prevention. We will find out what diseases can threaten geese, how to treat goslings and how to prevent the development of diseases.

If you breed ducks, first of all you must really love them, this is the only way to ensure normal and proper care behind them. What causes can serve as an impetus for the development of certain diseases:

unsuitable temperature in the house;
drafts;
nutritional errors;
low-quality or stale food;
poor ventilation;
insufficient grazing;
incorrect content;
absence preventive measures and untimely appeal to veterinarians.

Perhaps these are the main factors influencing the development of diseases. Now let's move on to describing the symptoms and diseases of goslings directly, and also talk about treatment. similar ailments, about why geese get sick, what needs to be done in each of the cases.

Noncommunicable diseases

Let's start with a block of goose diseases that are not transmitted from bird to bird, that is, they are not contagious. Consider non-communicable diseases of goslings and their symptoms and treatment.

Avitaminosis

Avitaminosis is a disease caused by the lack of vitamins in the body. How does the disease manifest itself? You may suspect the development of beriberi if:

the gosling does not gain weight well;
winged grow poorly;
young growth often dies;
in birds, appetite worsens;
the egg production rate drops, etc.

To prevent the development of beriberi, you need to take a responsible attitude to the issue of feeding the bird, give preference to feeds that contain vitamins. It can be grass meal, fish oil, fresh grass and shoots.

Rickets

This disease develops due to a lack of vitamin D in the bird's body, and also if the goslings walk a little and practically do not go out in the sun. Symptoms that indicate the development of rickets can be:

slow growth and weight gain;
brittle bones, frequent fractures;
thinning of the egg shell;
soft beak.

Preventive measures include adding to the diet fish oil, yeast, as well as fortified preparations with vitamin D. It is also important to be able to ensure that the geese walk for the prescribed time, that is, they receive regular sunbathing.

Diarrhea

Diarrhea is often a symptom of vitamin B deficiency. In addition to diarrhea, the following symptoms develop in parallel:

jerky movements;
partial paralysis;
stunting and weight gain;
the appearance of disheveledness, as if the gosling was frozen.

As you may have guessed, prevention is the addition of vitamin B to the menu. It is found in sprouted grains, bran, and fresh vegetation.

Cloacitis (inflammation of the anus)

The cause of this disease is a lack of vitamins such as A, E, D. The symptoms are:

enlarged mucous membrane of the cloaca;
the presence of cracks and ulcers in the anus.

Treatment of cloacitis is the addition of all of the above vitamins to the diet. To do this, add to the menu fresh vegetables(carrots), bone meal, and increase your consumption of fresh greens. You need to clean regularly anus goslings from accumulated pus, then lubricate cracks and ulcers with antibiotic ointment. It can be a penicillin or streptomycin group.

Pecking or cannibalism

Blind cannibalism develops due to the fact that the house is too brightly lit, birds are too tightly packed or there is a lack of protein nutrition. You may suspect the development of this disease in geese if you notice the following symptoms:

the bird became restless;
cleans his plumage too often;
feathers are broken, skin bleeds;
goslings continue to peck at their skin for several days in a row.

If you notice this, you should review your diet and add to it large quantity protein, and vitamin complex. If poor conditions of detention are the cause of cannibalism, it is worth changing them in better side, it is very important.

Blockage of the esophagus

This disease appears most often in young animals, that is, it is a disease of small goslings. The reason is poor nutrition: predominance of dry food, insufficiency wet food, lack of water and so on. The symptoms are:

there is anxiety;
with moderate movement, shortness of breath appears;
the beak is always ajar;
weak legs and wobbly walking (the so-called "goose gait" - traveling twine).

Rarely, blockage of the esophagus with untimely treatment causes the death of a sick goose. You can help the duck yourself with your own hands at home. To do this, you will need to pour 20-40 ml of vegetable oil into her throat, then gently squeeze the contents of the throat through her mouth.

Stomatitis

Geese most often suffer from this disease, as they have a larger subcutaneous fold. It is worth saying that the disease is not massive and occurs singly in small farms. Stomatitis is seasonal disease, which is most often found in spring or autumn. The disease is characterized by inflamed oral cavity, prolapse of the tongue, as well as the formation of diverticula.

Often stomatitis develops into chronic stage. In addition to the external signs that were described above, soreness appears, increased salivation, poor appetite and reduced egg laying rates. Preventive measures: normal balanced diet adding vitamins and minerals to the diet. An aqueous antiseptic solution can be used to treat wounds inside.

Goiter catarrh

It affects more often older geese. The reason for the development is poor-quality and stale food. Symptoms: swelling of the goiter, as well as excessive frizziness. You can help the bird by easy goiter massage, it is also recommended to prescribe internal reception weak (5%) solution of hydrochloric acid. In addition, you should exclude the intake of poor-quality and stale food.

Enteritis

Unlike goiter catarrh, viral enteritis is a characteristic ailment for young animals. The development is most often caused by fresh water or low-quality feed. Symptoms are similar to those of food poisoning, since enteritis primarily affects the gastrointestinal mucosa. Treatment of viral enteritis of young goslings can be done at home, for this they give pets a barely pink solution of potassium permanganate.

Diseases of the reproductive system

Peritonitis

One of the most common diseases genitourinary system duck is peritonitis. Usually females suffer from them, males - much less often. The causes of the development of the disease are a sudden fright, abuse, an excess of protein foods on the menu. Symptoms of this disease goslings - paroxysmal pain and cramps in the peritoneum. This ailment difficult to treat and often causes a drop in livestock.

Prevention includes a list of simple activities: keeping the house clean, as well as a normal balanced diet.

Pathology of the oviduct (prolapse)

Oviduct prolapse (geese hemorrhoids) develops in females after they produce eggs that are too large or have multiple yolks. You can suspect its development when the bird is pursued persistent diarrhea or, conversely, constipation. You can help the duck by washing the oviduct and then gently setting it in the right place. After that, it is recommended to put a small rounded piece of ice in the cloaca. This is necessary to reduce inflammation and remove pain syndrome. If the duck can't run on its own, you need to help it. manually by smearing Vaseline on your fingers.

Group of infectious diseases

colibacillosis

This disease occurs quite often in ducklings, accompanied by symptoms of classic toxicosis. The reasons for the development of this disease are as follows:

high humidity, dampness;
lack of ventilation;
poor quality food;
lack of water.

Main symptoms: increase temperature indicators, thirsty for days on end, lack of appetite, greenish foam stool. Unfortunately, there is no cure for this disease; all diseased livestock will have to be killed.

coccidiosis

This disease is caused fungal infection. With the development of the disease, the bird sharply loses weight, she has shortness of breath, a feeling of thirst and constant weakness. It also happens that coccidiosis develops into a chronic stage or the bird becomes a carrier of the disease. It is extremely difficult to treat coccidiosis, because on initial stage there may be no symptoms, or they may be mild. Preventive measures - you need to monitor the cleanliness of the house and prevent the development of dampness.

salmonellosis

This infectious disease is more common than others and is considered the most contagious. Symptoms:

lethargic behavior;
thirst;
inflammation of the mucous membrane of the eyes;
poor mobility;
lowered wings;
constant tearing.

A feature of salmonellosis in birds is that the bacteria remain in the body even after treatment has been carried out, that is, the goose can remain a carrier for life.

For treatment, it is worth using medications - antibiotics, as well as furazolidone, which will help to improve the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.

Avian cholera (pasteurellosis)

Get excited about this infectious disease - the Pasteurella bacterium. The center of distribution is a fallen or sick bird, rodents, irrational conditions of detention. Most often, the disease is diagnosed in young goslings (both daily and monthly newborns) due to the fact that their immunity is not too strong. Ways of transmission - food and drink. The peak of bird cholera is spring and autumn.

If you notice that geese hide their heads in feathers, if the feathers are too often ruffled, the behavior of the pets is lethargic, the appetite is weak or absent at all, breathing is frequent and superficial (like a cough with bronchitis), foamy discharge (snot) is observed from the beak, bloody stools, the temperature is significantly elevated, these symptoms may indicate the development of pasteurellosis.

Unfortunately, it is not always possible to cure a bird, often cholera leads to the death of livestock. However, treatment still exists and is a long course of antibiotics of several groups at once. It is worth saying that on this moment there are vaccines that can protect geese from this dangerous disease, as well as from a host of others, such as mycoplasmosis, coccidiosis, and so on.

general lethargy;
liquid frequent stools;
decreased appetite or its complete absence.

Fortunately, there is a treatment, and it consists in taking a course of bitionol and phenosalom in combination. To protect the bird, you should pay more attention to the purity of the water. If there was at least one case of infection, it is worth disinfecting the poultry house and the surrounding area, it is advisable to quarantine for two weeks or a month.

Worms appear in the body of geese due to sewage in the water or poor-quality stale food. You can suspect the development of worms by the following signs:

the bird began to get sick more often (the reason is reduced immunity);
the mass of young animals has declined sharply.

Since it is not easy to cure birds of worms, it is better to carry out preventive actions. They include timely and thorough cleaning of the poultry house and the surrounding area, as well as sufficient livestock care, decent living conditions

Poisoning in goslings

Poisoning in goslings is not uncommon, the cause is the consumption of plants containing poisons, food with mold or fertilizer particles. The form of the course of the disease is strictly individual and depends on the specific pathogen. It happens that the bird heals on its own without human intervention, but there are also cases when the poisoning develops so rapidly, the chick gets sick so quickly that you simply do not have time to do anything.

At home, it is possible to solder goslings. This will require fresh water, to which a few drops of vinegar are added. If that doesn't help, they come to the rescue. folk remedies treatment: decoctions, infusions, vegetable oil and so on. If we are talking about more serious situations, you should immediately consult a veterinarian and do not self-medicate.

Prevention of such situations is the normal care and Attentive attitude to nutrition. So, it is strictly forbidden to feed goslings with potatoes and beets: these vegetables cause severe poisoning in birds.

Now you know why these birds get sick, what diseases geese and goslings can get, you know what symptoms of gosling diseases can indicate a particular disease. However, regardless of the name of the disease, one should not forget about prevention, because simple preventive measures can save the poultry population from death, and you from financial waste.

From poultry, geese are perhaps one of the most profitable in keeping. But sometimes they have health problems. For a farmer, there is no worse misfortune than sick animals - after all, this is additional trouble and loss of investment. But with the help of timely preventive measures, many ailments can be prevented. What are the diseases of geese and how to treat them - you will learn from this material.

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non-communicable avian diseases

Often occurs due to improper care. Most of these diseases are preventable and not very difficult to cure.

Avitaminosis

Manifested by a stop in weight gain, loss of appetite, in chicks limbs may be twisted, in adults egg production decreases. The reason is the lack of vitamins and other useful substances in the diet. It is treated by enriching food with vitamins. Give in the summer enough fresh herbs, add herbal flour in winter. It will be useful to use fish oil.

Rickets

It is caused by a deficiency of vitamin D, it also arises from a lack of sunlight. Symptoms - a stop in development, softening of the bones, the eggs have a very thin shell, or it does not exist at all. Sick geese should be let out more often for walking, fish oil is added to the grain.

Diarrhea

Liquid droppings are called malnutrition. But often the trouble is provoked by a lack of B vitamins. This can be understood by stopped growth, cramps, and ruffled feathers. AT advanced cases the bird is at risk of paralysis. Correcting the situation is easy - add essential vitamins c, give more bran and fresh herbs, germinated wheat.

Cannibalism (pecking)

Manifested in an attack on his own kind. it psychological disorder often caused by too bright lighting, cramped rooms, protein and mineral deficiencies. It is easy to identify unhealthy geese by their plumage - it is tousled, it is so often smoothed that the feathers do not stand up and break, wounds appear on the skin, from which blood oozes. This is what makes others rush to their brethren.

To prevent cannibalism, do not keep pets too crowded, damp or fever. It is necessary to add cottage cheese and other dairy products to the diet. Geese should at least occasionally take water procedures. Sick individuals should be immediately deposited, the cause of pecking should be identified and eliminated.

Inflammation of the cloaca (cloacitis)

Occurs with a deficiency of minerals and vitamins (A, E, D). In diseased individuals, the mucous membrane falls out, it is injured. Carrots, herbs, vitamin premixes should be added to the diet. Clean the mucosa with a solution of iodine, then apply on it zinc ointment. It is permissible to use other drugs based on antibiotics - streptomycin or penicillin ointment.

Blockage of the esophagus

Young animals often suffer from this when inexperienced owners are too fond of dry food. If at the same time there is a lack of water, then the geese begin to experience discomfort. They are in an excited state, walk with open beaks, breathing is heavy. The disease sometimes ends with asphyxia. To alleviate the condition, vegetable oil is injected into the beak of the affected individual, excess food is removed by squeezing out.

In order to prevent such situations in the future, it is necessary to give wet food, constantly fill the drinkers clean water. Only dry food should not be dispensed with.

Enteritis

Provoked by the intake of dirty or poor-quality food, manifests itself in the form of indigestion. As a treatment, a weak solution of potassium permanganate or biomycin is added to the drinker.

Diseases of the genital organs

Prolapse of the oviduct

Usually appears if the goose carries too large. Loss can be partial or complete. It is impossible to leave an animal with a fallen organ - it will catch the infection and die. You can try to help yourself, although it is believed that such a case is irreversible. The oviduct is washed with running water, then with a solution of potassium permanganate. After that, wearing gloves, put the organ in place. If it turned out to be corrected, place a piece of ice inside.

For several days, the female must be observed - it may be difficult for her to push the eggs out, then you need to pull them out with your hands smeared with petroleum jelly. But there is also the possibility that she will remain barren. The owners will have to decide whether it is advisable to keep such a goose, or is it better to put it to slaughter.

Yolk peritonitis

They are sick only geese during the laying period. The yolk, penetrating into the intestine, causes an inflammatory process. The bird's stomach swells, the temperature rises. The reasons are different:

lack of vitamins;
excess protein in the diet;
rough treatment (blows) by the owners.

Most likely, the diseased individual will have to be killed, because the treatment of peritonitis is a complicated matter. Prevention is simple - care should be taken with the wards, give a balanced feed, keep the enclosures clean.

Infectious diseases of geese

Salmonellosis (paratyphoid)

It is highly contagious, transmitted through the air, through the droppings of carriers. Other poultry can also get sick with salmonellosis, it is also dangerous for humans. Although treatable, contact with sick birds should be done with care. Young animals are especially easily affected. An infected individual becomes ill within 3 days.

In goslings under the age of one month, it proceeds in acute form: observed diarrhea, refusal of food, lethargy, conjunctivitis. Damage to the nervous system is expressed in convulsive movements of the limbs and head, falls on the back. Lethality - up to 70%.
The subacute form occurs in older juveniles, symptoms include rhinitis, purulent conjunctivitis, inflammation of the joints and diarrhea.
Geese older than 3 months. suffer a chronic form, which is characterized by developmental delay and diarrhea.

For accurate diagnosis you should contact a veterinarian - many diseases are similar, only a specialist is able to distinguish one from another. Adult birds can quite easily tolerate salmonellosis, remaining its carriers. So the infection continues to spread. Treatment is carried out with the help of furazolidone, antibiotics (biomycin, tetracycline, oxytetracycline).

Aspergillosis

Caused by a fungus that enters the lungs. He lives in the earth dirty water, faeces, bedding. Getting into Airways, the fungus grows and releases toxic substances. Aspergillosis occurs in chronic form or shortly. Birds become lethargic, breathe heavily, often thirsty. Possible death. This disease is treated badly, it is easier to do prevention.

You can not give livestock food with mold, keep it in dampness and on dirty bedding. To prevent mold from growing on the walls, they must be treated with formalin solution.

Viral enteritis

This disease is typical for geese, it affects most of their internal organs. Enteritis can cause the death of the entire herd. The causative agent is a DNA-containing virus that still infects indoo, it is not dangerous for other birds.

May be called differently:

goose plague;
hepatitis;
flu
influenza.

The virus dies when high temperatures(60-70°C), it can be inactivated with formaldehyde solution. The disease develops over several days. It proceeds quite hard, lasts from a week to two. Most affected chicks die within the first week. In older individuals, the case is up to 30%. Adults can tolerate enteritis without external manifestations and infect their offspring. Mortality in this case is no more than 12%.

The treatment is quite complicated - babies who have just been born are given serum, the injection is repeated after 3 days. Antibiotics are also given to prevent complications. For prevention, young and adult individuals are given a vaccine. But if trouble happened, then the livestock is slaughtered for meat. Ill goslings are sent for slaughter after 2 months.

Neisseriasis

The causative agent is streptococcus, staphylococcus, living in dirty bedding. Most often, males get sick during the mating season, they begin to lose weight. The development of the disease lasts about a month. After this time, the symptoms become apparent:

the cloaca turns red;
ulcers and swelling form on the skin;
ganders, the penis can become inflamed, in some cases it falls out of the cloaca.

The sick must be culled, the poultry house is treated with disinfectants.

Pasteurellosis (cholera)

Carriers are rodents and birds. Pathogens - Pasteurella bacteria, dampness contributes to their spread. Cholera spreads through the air, through dirty water and food. Most often distributed in the off-season, mainly young animals suffer. The geese sit with their heads under their wings. They have poor appetite, hoarse breathing, fever. Possible death. Treatment is with antibiotics. Prevention is carried out by vaccination.

If the bird becomes lethargic, falls to its feet, refuses to eat, or exhibits other unusual symptoms, owners should call a veterinarian immediately. Only a specialist can accurately determine which disease will have to be dealt with.

Attention, only TODAY!

Acute disease of goslings early age, characterized by damage to the intestines, heart, liver and accompanied by high mortality of young animals (30-95%) in the first three weeks after hatching, but 6-12-day-old young animals are more likely to get sick. The disease is very contagious and is transmitted from sick and recovered birds through hatching eggs. Infection occurs through the air or with food and water.

The disease is caused by a virus that is localized in the internal organs. The main source of the disease is sick birds that excrete the virus with droppings. An ill bird for a long time (3-4 years) remains a virus carrier.

The main symptoms of the disease are as follows: goslings are depressed, gather in groups, tremble, strive for warmth, stand more with half-closed eyes, sometimes fall asleep completely, lowering their head or tilting it to one side, often yawn, do not respond to sound, no appetite. Some birds have conjunctivitis, nasal discharge. Subsequently, it appears watery diarrhea mixed with blood. Sick and recovered goslings lag behind in growth and development.

When a dead bird is opened, a slightly enlarged heart is noted, the myocardium is pale, flabby, the color of boiled meat. The liver is enlarged, filled with blood, the gallbladder is filled with bile. The spleen is light pink, sometimes dark red. The glandular stomach usually contains mucus. The intestines are inflamed. In younger goslings, catarrhal and hemorrhagic inflammation of the intestinal mucosa is more often found, and in older goslings, fibrinous inflammation.

For the purpose of prevention, young and adult geese are vaccinated with a live vaccine. Replacing young animals are vaccinated once at 21 - 28 days of age, adult geese - 1.5 months before the start of laying, again after two weeks.

Vaccination of geese against viral enteritis in a goose farm is mandatory.

Pasteurellosis (cholera)

An infectious contagious disease that occurs superacutely, acutely or chronically with septicemia and high mortality. Domestic and wild birds of all kinds are affected, geese and ducks are especially susceptible.

The source of infection is a sick and recovered bird, and the transmission factors are contaminated water, food, care items, and the surrounding air.

The incubation period lasts from several hours to 2-5 days. The superacute course is characterized by the sudden death of an outwardly healthy bird. At the same time, the number of dead birds is growing rapidly.

At acute course disease, the bird becomes lethargic, foamy mucus stretches from the nasal openings and beak. Body temperature increased to 43.5 degrees. Stools are liquid, gray, yellow or greenish color sometimes with an admixture of blood. Appetite is absent, appear intense thirst, general weakness, and the bird dies.

The chronic course of pasteurellosis is observed after acute manifestation illness. From the nasal openings of a sick bird, viscous outflows appear, difficulty breathing is observed. In adult geese, arthritis and inflammation of the tendon sheaths are noted, resulting in lameness and drooping of one or both wings. The illness lasts from several weeks to several months. A bird that has been ill with pasteurellosis acquires immunity, but is an open carrier of the infection.

With hyperacute course of pasteurellosis, there are no changes in the corpses of birds. As a rule, well-fed geese die. Sometimes exudate is found in the heart shirt, and under the epicardium - petechial hemorrhages.

In the acute course of the disease in a dead bird, hemorrhages are found on the epicardium, serous membranes digestive organs, peritoneum, pleura and subcutaneous tissue. The pericardium and epicardium are covered with numerous hemorrhages and, as it were, spattered with blood. AT abdominal cavity find accumulation of fibrous exudate.

At chronic course corpses are exhausted, the liver is enlarged, cherry-colored, necrotic foci are found in its parenchyma. Sometimes there is pulmonary edema.

When the disease is established, all sick birds from a dysfunctional poultry house are immediately killed. The poultry house, paddocks, the territory adjacent to the poultry house are thoroughly cleaned and disinfected. At the same time, the geese of other poultry houses are provided with full-fledged feeding and their conditions are improved. The remaining livestock preventive purpose prescribe the following antibiotics and sulfonamides: biomycin once subcutaneously at a dose of 25,000 - 50,000 per 1 kg of live weight; Levomycetin at a dose of 30 mg/kg of live weight mixed with 1 g of fish oil 2 times a day for 5 days in a row; sulfadimezin at a dose of 0.2 g per head 2 times a day with food for 5-6 days; sulfadimezin in the form of a 1% solution instead of drinking water; spofadizin with feed 2 times a day at a dose of 0.075 g per 1 kg of live weight of poultry for 3-4 days.

You can vaccinate against pasteurellosis of geese no earlier than 5 days after application. medicines. For vaccination, a live or inactivated vaccine is used.

Salmonellosis (paratyphoid)

Acute disease. Goslings are most susceptible from 5 days to one month old. But a chronic course is also observed in adult geese. Recovered bird for a long time(up to 2.5 years) can remain a bacteriocarrier and carry infected eggs, from which infected goslings hatch. The susceptibility of goslings to this disease increases with poor feeding and maintenance, underheating or overheating. A sick bird with droppings releases the causative agent of the disease - salmonella. They are very resistant to adverse environmental factors, retain the ability to infect birds, being in the litter up to 1 year 8 months, in the soil up to 120 days, on the surface of the premises up to 150 days. In frozen carcasses, salmonella persist for up to 2-3 years, which poses a certain danger to humans.

Salmonellosis occurs fulminantly, acutely, subacutely and chronically. With a lightning current, no clinical signs disease is not observed, death occurs suddenly.

In the acute course of the disease, weakness, drowsiness, thirst, decreased appetite, shortness of breath are noted. Nervous phenomena are characteristic: convulsions, paralysis. There is lacrimation, turning into purulent conjunctivitis.

At subacute course diseases in goslings are observed difficult breathing, diarrhea. The surviving goslings are exhausted and develop poorly.

Chronic disease often occurs in grown-up young animals. In this case, diarrhea, exhaustion, swelling in the joints, lameness, nervous phenomena, conjunctivitis are observed. In an adult bird, the disease proceeds without visible signs. During the laying period, diseased geese have inflammation of the cloaca, oviduct, and ovaries. Sometimes their joints swell, wings drop, and diarrhea appears.

When a dead bird is opened, an accumulation of exudate is found in the pericardial sac, the heart is flabby, the lungs are hyperemic, the liver is 1.5-2 times enlarged, filled with blood, fibrous overlays are visible on its surface. In the parenchyma of the liver, multiple necrotic nodules of a grayish-yellowish color are found. The gallbladder is enlarged and filled with bile. Catarrhal inflammation of the intestine is noted, in some cases peritonitis (inflammation of the peritoneum) is observed.

When a diagnosis of salmonellosis is made, sick and suspected birds are removed from the herd and killed. Inventory, premises and adjacent territory are disinfected with a 3% solution of sodium hydroxide, a 2% solution of formaldehyde or a 2% solution of freshly slaked lime. Drinking bowls and feeders are thoroughly washed in hot water and disinfected with a 5% bleach solution.

Most Effective therapeutic agents are nitrofuran preparations (furazolidone up to 5 mg per caterpillar with food 1 time per day for 8-10 days in a row), antibiotics (biomycin, tetracycline, oxytetracycline 20 mg per 1 kg of live weight with food 2 times a day for 5-10 days), sulfamides (sulfadimezin 200 mg per 1 kg of live weight with food 2 times a day for 3-5 days).

Conditionally infected young geese are immunized orally with a live avirulent vaccine against salmonellosis of waterfowl at the age of 2-4 days, if the population of the parent flock was not vaccinated before the start of laying. Against the background of maternal immunity, goslings are vaccinated at the age of 8-10 days. An adult bird is vaccinated 20-30 days before the start of the productive period twice with an interval of 4-5 days. summer cottage medicines stop 28-45 hours before vaccination.

Salmonellosis is a zoonotic disease, meaning it can be transmitted from humans to birds and vice versa.

Aspergillosis

Acute, subacute and chronic disease of geese, characterized by damage to the respiratory organs. Young animals have a high mortality, adult birds are more stable.

The causative agent of the disease is a microscopic fungus from the genus Aspergillus. Infection occurs aerogenically, aspergillus penetrates into the internal organs (heart, liver) with blood flow.

The source of the pathogen is a sick bird, as well as infected feed, litter, soil. The spread of aspergillosis is possible through incubators, where spores of the fungus enter with hatching eggs from dysfunctional poultry houses. Fungi cause the death of embryos, a large number of "cuffs" appear that break and infect the environment. Goslings become infected during hatching in the first days of life, as a result of inhalation of air containing spores of the fungus. Dampness in the room, wet bedding, microclimate disturbance, bird crowding predispose to the onset of the disease. The disease most often occurs in the spring.

A distinctive feature of Aspergillus is unpretentiousness to living conditions and high resistance to chemical and physical factors.

A sick bird becomes lethargic, drowsy, inactive. In the acute course of the disease, the respiratory organs are mainly affected. During inhalation, a sick bird stretches its neck, opens its beak, swallows air, and often sneezes. A serous, sometimes foamy fluid flows from the beak and nasal openings. With the defeat of the air sacs, exhalation is accompanied by a wheezing. Disorder appears gastrointestinal tract progressive exhaustion. Before death, the bird has convulsions. Among goslings, the case can be 50-100%.

At autopsy in a dead bird, a lesion is noted in the larynx, at the site of the bifurcation of the trachea, in separate air sacs. In the lungs, nodules of various sizes are found (from small millet-shaped to large). With a prolonged process, Aspergillus nodules form in the trachea, bronchi, lungs, as well as the liver, spleen, and kidneys. Nodules of dense consistency, gray-white or yellowish-gray. A white coating forms on the mucous membranes and serous membranes.

The most effective destruction of the fungus in the external environment and in the poultry house is burning the walls of the room, metal objects, inventory with a blowtorch (flamethrower) with fire. The use of formaldehyde in the form of an aerosol is also effective. It has been established that vitamin A concentrate increases the resistance of young birds to aspergillosis.

In case of an outbreak of the disease, it is recommended to use an aerosol of iodine at the rate of 20 ml of a 0.5% solution per 1 cubic meter of the room for 5-6 days with an exposure of 40 minutes. FROM drinking water it is recommended to give a 0.05% solution blue vitriol 3-5 days in a row. For the purpose of prevention, goslings can be treated with iodalluminum aerosol. Nystatin is also used at a dose of 25-30 mg per 1 kg of poultry live weight with feed 2 times a day for 7-10 days.

The main condition for effective action drugs - the exclusion of moldy feed and moldy bedding. With aspergillosis, it is forbidden to use antibiotics, as they contribute to the development of the fungus.

colibacillosis

An infectious disease of young animals of an early age, an adult bird is less likely to get sick.

The main source of infection is sick geese that excrete the pathogen with droppings, as well as infected objects, equipment, feed, water, etc. A sick bird remains a carrier of infection for a long time, the disease is transmitted through eggs.

The disease is promoted by violations of the veterinary and sanitary regime, technology of keeping and feeding.

In young animals, colibacillosis is acute and is manifested by oppression, thirst, and drowsiness. Possible conjunctivitis, nervous phenomena, diarrhea, sometimes with an admixture of blood. Two-three-month-old goslings weaken, hardly rise and move slowly. In an adult sick bird, prolapse of the oviduct, inflammation of the ovaries, and peritonitis are observed. The disease is especially pronounced during oviposition. The death of geese in this case reaches 20%.

At autopsy, young animals find an increase and blood filling of the liver and spleen. Vessels of the mesentery and kidneys are hyperemic. Accumulation in the pericardial sac serous exudate straw color. Small intestine inflamed. An adult bird has a liver light brown, dense, brittle, the ovary is hemorrhagically inflamed, the mucous membrane of the ovary is catarrhal, in males there are pinpoint hemorrhages in the testicles. Sometimes single and multiple tumor-like formations ranging in size from a pea to chicken egg in the caecum, liver, less often in the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, spleen, kidneys, ovaries, oviduct, lungs, air sacs.

A sick bird is killed and destroyed. Clinically healthy livestock are treated. Antibiotics are prescribed with the determination of the sensitivity of isolated microbial cultures. It should be noted that pathogenic colibacilli quickly acquire resistance to antibiotics, so the regimen and method for the prevention and treatment of colibacillosis should be periodically changed. The best means- neomycin 50 g 1 time per day with feed for 6-10 days, biomycin and tetracycline 20 mg each, chloramphenicol 30 mg per 1 kg of bird live weight. Excellent tool for the treatment and prevention of colibacillosis is baytril, which is fed to the bird with water.

Passive immunity is transmitted to young animals through eggs and lasts for 1-3 weeks, active immunity lasts up to three months and is produced by vaccination. The vaccine is given to young animals at 3 and 6 days of age.

As prophylactic goslings in the first 3 days instead of water drink propionic acidophilic broth culture in the ratio of 1 ml of the drug per 10 ml of water.

Incubators are treated with formaldehyde vapors, and day-old goslings are treated with antibiotic aerosols.

Compliance with sanitary requirements, feeding and keeping regimes, as well as feeding vitamin supplements to the bird helps to prevent the disease.

Influenza

Acute infection young geese. The causative agent is a short stick. The microbe is unstable in the external environment. When exposed to a temperature of +50 degrees, he dies within 10 minutes, and +60 degrees kill him after 30 seconds. Low temperatures, on the contrary, as if preserve the pathogen. So, at a temperature of -17 degrees, it lasts up to two months. Indoors - on walls, bedding, sand, grain fodder - at room temperature, the pathogen remains viable for no more than three days, and in water - up to 50 days.

Disinfectants kill the pathogen fairly quickly. So, when exposed to a 1% solution of sodium hydroxide, 1% emulsion of creolin, 0.5% solutions of bleach, carbolic acid, it loses its viability after 3 minutes.

Young geese are susceptible to the disease. Infection occurs through scratches and injuries of the skin, as well as through the consumption of food and water contaminated with microbes. Possibility of infection through respiratory organs. The main source of infection is a sick bird, which releases the pathogen into the environment. Sick young animals develop weakness, body temperature rises to + 43-44 degrees, appetite is lost. The wings of the geese hang down, the young sit with an open beak, breathe often, sometimes wheezing is heard. Swelling of the head and legs is often noted. After 2-5 days, coordination of movements is disturbed, diarrhea appears. Mortality among sick goslings reaches 70%.

When a disease appears, obviously sick goslings are killed, the carcasses are scalded with boiling water. Conditionally healthy young animals are transferred to a clean room, and the former ones are disinfected. For prophylactic purposes, instead of water, a 0.5% solution of hydrochloric acid or formalin, diluted in water in a ratio of 1: 10,000, is drunk.

Neisseria goose

An infectious disease characterized by reddening of the mucous membrane of the goose cloaca, the formation of fibrinous scabs, bleeding erosions, and swelling of the affected tissues. In ganders, the disease is manifested by sclerotic inflammation of the penis, curvature and prolapse of the organ from the cloaca. The causative agent is a diplococcus from the genus Neisseria. The accompanying microflora can be staphylococci, streptococci, proteus and other bacteria. Geese over the age of 16 months are susceptible to the disease. Ganders are particularly susceptible to infection.

The disease proceeds in the form of an epizootic, as well as sporadic cases and is characterized by sharp increase the number of unfertilized eggs (up to 90%), as ganders lose their ability to mate. Cases of death of adult geese from the disease were noted (2.5 -12%).

The source of the pathogen are sick and recovered geese. Infection occurs sexually, transmission of infection through infected bedding is possible. The incubation period of the disease is 3-15 days. The disease is noted in the breeding period, when the mating of geese occurs. The duration of the disease is 1-1.5 months. The bird loses weight and dies during the phenomena of the septic process.

At a pathological autopsy of a dead bird, changes in the cloaca and penis (fibrinous scabs, erosions, ulcers, scars, sclerotic changes) and peritonitis are noted. The diagnosis of neisseriasis is established on the basis of a complex of epizootological, clinical, pathoanatomical data and laboratory studies (detection of diplococcus in pathological material, isolation of the pathogen culture and bioassay). Neisseriasis of geese should be differentiated from diseases of the cloaca and penis, in which the causes may be injuries, competitive fights of ganders, poor living conditions, beriberi.

Bicillin-3 (once, at a dose of 60 thousand units / kg of live weight) or bicillin-5 is administered intramuscularly to a bird from a dysfunctional herd for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes. Simultaneously with the feed give chloramphenicol 0.15 g per head twice a day for five days. Instead of levomycetin, tetracycline or monomycin can be given with food. If necessary, this course of treatment is repeated after 6-8 days.

In the breeding season, once every 1-1.5 months, a clinical examination of the genital organs of geese is carried out and sick and suspected individuals are culled. The rest of the birds are given antibiotics. This procedure is repeated during the period of the autumn acquisition of the parent flock of geese. Production facilities, walking areas, containers and inventory are disinfected in accordance with the instructions.

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Noncommunicable diseases

These diseases are not contagious, which means that they are not transmitted from bird to bird. As a rule, the main causes of diseases are the conditions of detention and feed. The most common:

Avitaminosis. A disease caused by a lack of vitamins in the body. It can be suspected in the presence of such symptoms: poor weight gain, poor growth, loss of appetite, drop in egg production, death of young animals. To prevent the development of the disease, it is necessary to carefully select food. With insufficient intake of vitamins, switch to feed enriched with them.
Rickets. The reason for the development of the disease is vitamin D deficiency. This happens if the geese are little in the sun and rarely walk. Symptoms of rickets are: slow weight gain, thinning of the shell, softness of the beak, frequent fractures. Prevention includes adding fish oil, yeast or fortified preparations to the diet. It is necessary to ensure that the geese walk enough while in the sun.
Diarrhea develops as a symptom of vitamin D deficiency. In addition, there are manifestations of disheveledness, partial paralysis, stunting and weight gain, convulsions. Sun deficiency can also be suspected when the goose's wings are lowered.
Cloacite. The disease is an inflammation of the anus. The reason is the lack of vitamins A, E and D. It is manifested by an increase in the mucous membrane of the cloaca, the presence of cracks in the anus. The treatment is to add these vitamins to the diet. Most of them are found in carrots, bone meal and fresh herbs. It is necessary to regularly clean the anus from pus and lubricate it with an antibiotic ointment from the streptomycin or penicillin group.
Cannibalism. Blind cannibalism develops for such main reasons: lack of protein in the diet, too tight fit, too bright light. Symptoms are: restlessness of the bird, pecking of the skin, broken feathers that bleed, excessive cleaning of the plumage. With such symptoms, the conditions of detention should be reviewed, protein foods and vitamin complexes should be added to the diet.
Blockage of the esophagus. More often manifested in young animals, mainly in young goslings. The reason is the predominance of dry food, the lack of wet food or water. Symptoms: shortness of breath with moderate movement, open beak, restlessness, wobbly walking, weak legs, moving paws. Such a disease rarely causes the death of a caterpillar. You can help yourself home environment, giving the bird 20 ml of vegetable oil and squeezing out the contents of the pharynx through the mouth.
Stomatitis. The disease is not massive and occurs, as a rule, in isolated cases. It is geese that mostly suffer, as they have a large subcutaneous fold. Pathology occurs more often in spring or autumn and is characterized by an inflamed oral cavity. With it, there is a prolapse of the tongue and the formation of diverticula. Often develops into chronic illness. There is increased salivation, poor appetite, soreness, decreased egg production. Prevention is a balanced diet, the addition of vitamins and trace elements to the diet. To treat the wound, an antiseptic solution is used internally.
Goiter catarrh. It mainly affects older geese. It develops due to poor-quality or stale food. The goiter part is swollen, excessive frizziness is observed. You can help by massaging the goiter and a weak solution of hydrochloric acid (up to 5%). It is necessary to exclude the intake of stale food.
Enteritis. characteristic ailment for young animals due to stale feed or water. The symptoms are similar to those of food poisoning because the disease affects the lining of the gastrointestinal tract. It is treated with a weak solution of potassium permanganate.

Infectious diseases

Infections are more dangerous, their rapid spread often leads to mass death birds.

In many cases, the disease cannot be stopped, especially if it is of viral origin.

Aspergillosis

The disease develops due to the inhalation of a mold fungus. This fungus is present in soil, bedding, dirty water, manure. With growth, toxic substances are released that poison the body. The disease can appear suddenly and develop at lightning speed. Symptoms: poor appetite, thirst, weight loss, bad breath.

Some young people get sick, but become carriers, others die rapidly. Treatment is very difficult, sometimes impossible. Prevention consists in avoiding mold in the feed and not using rotten bedding.

The room should not be too humid, regular ventilation is necessary. An important role is played by cleaning and seating geese. An effective remedy mold removal is a solution of formalin or copper sulphate.

salmonellosis or paratyphoid

An infectious disease caused by salmonella. It can appear in very small goslings. Birds become infected from each other through the gastrointestinal tract or through the air. The main manifestations: geese fall to their feet, conjunctivitis and symptoms of gastrointestinal damage appear.

The factors that provoke the disease are: vitamin deficiency, high planting density, overheating, poor maintenance. Symptoms are: lethargy, pubescence of the wings, inactivity, loss of appetite, thirst, lacrimation.

Less common are undersized birds with depletion of the body. Adult geese are characterized by a chronic course of the disease, young animals are ill in an acute form. Even if the bird has been ill, salmonella remains in the body. Treatment consists in the use of Furazolidone and antibiotics - tetracyclines, Oxytetracycline or Biomycin. Prevention is cleanliness and hygiene, vaccinations.

colibacillosis

The disease is characterized by the manifestation of diarrhea, young goslings are predominantly ill. Main causes: Dampness, poor ventilation, poor nutrition, overheating, lack of water.

Among the symptoms of the disease are: thirst, fever, loss of appetite, greenish foamy stools. Treatment and prevention is carried out with a solution of furatsilina. The diseased bird is killed, and the poultry house is thoroughly disinfected.

cholera or pasteurellosis

An infectious disease caused by the bacteria Pasteurella. Sick birds and rodents carry the disease. Transmitted through food and water by airborne droplets. The causes of the disease include unfavorable weather and violation of conditions of detention.

The main seasons for the manifestation of the disease are spring and autumn. Symptoms:

depressed state;
poor appetite;
the bird ruffles and holds its head under its wing;
lame in one leg;
foamy mucus flows from the beak;
breathing is accompanied by wheezing;
the temperature rises, there is bloody diarrhea and convulsions.

Treatment with antibiotics and sulfa drugs. Prevention: vaccinations, cleaning and disinfection.

Viral enteritis

The disease is accompanied by damage to internal organs: the stomach and liver. Often this leads to mass mortality of young animals, especially if the disease affected the caterpillar in the first days of life.

It spreads through sick geese, their waste products, water, feed, inventory. The main symptoms are: bloody diarrhea, refusal of food, vomiting. An ill bird remains a carrier for several years. Preventive measures include double vaccination. The vaccine is obtained from the blood of a sick animal.

Neisseria

The disease manifests differently in females and males. In females, reddening of the cloacal mucosa is observed, the affected areas swell, scabs and erosion form. In males - curvature and inflammation of the penis, sometimes prolapse.

The cause is bacteria - staphylococcus, streptococcus, proteus. Males are more susceptible to infection than females. The main source of infection is through bedding.

The development of the disease takes 1-1.5 months. During this time, the bird significantly loses weight. Sick animals are subject to rejection immediately, healthy animals are prophylactic in the form of antibiotic therapy. To prevent the disease from developing, it is necessary to periodically disinfect feeders and equipment.

Pulloroz

Acute swamping, causing damage to the intestines and parenchymal organs. Characterized by white diarrhea.

The causative agent is Salmonella pullorum and galinarium. Chicks of the first days of life are most sensitive to the disease. The disease is promoted by hypothermia, overheating, crowding, malnutrition. It is accompanied by a delay in development and growth. It is treated with nitrofuran drugs and antibiotics.

Other groups of diseases

Diseases of the genital organs:

Prolapse of the oviduct. Occurs if the female lays too large eggs, when the egg excretory tract or cloaca is inflamed or observed frequent diarrhea or constipation. The treatment is carried out as follows: the prolapsed organ is processed cool water and a solution of potassium permanganate, after which it is set back. It is also necessary to place a piece of ice there after the end of the procedure. Prevention consists in constantly monitoring the goose and helping her if she fails to lay an egg on her own. This must be done with clean hands, lubricated with Vaseline. You can introduce vegetable oil into the cloaca, in which case the shell softens, and it will not be difficult to get the egg.
Peritonitis. One of the most frequent illnesses urinary system. It occurs mainly in females, the cause is abuse or severe fright. Also, an excess of protein foods can provoke the disease. Symptoms: paroxysmal pain in the peritoneum. The disease is difficult to treat and often causes mass death of livestock. Prevention is simple: cleanliness in the room where the geese are kept, a balanced diet.

Cutaneous. There are several types of insects that can be on the skin of geese. The downy eaters are especially dangerous. They cause concern: their presence affects negatively general condition goose, they slow down development, reduce egg production in females. In order to avoid the spread of insects, the room is disinfected, and the body of the goose is covered various ointments. Because peredy do not like alkaline environment, ash baths are effective.
Worms. If worms enter the body of a goose, then work is disrupted immune system, the bird is rapidly losing weight. Their appearance is associated with dirt and poor-quality water and feed. Their exile not an easy task Therefore, the main focus is on preventive measures.
Echinostomatidosis. They appear in birds that spend a lot of time in water bodies, eating frogs and tadpoles. Cause such symptoms: diarrhea, depression, loss of appetite, weakness. Effectively help drugs Bitionol and Fenasal. Infected birds must be quarantined for 3 days.

Bird poisoning

Goose poisoning - very a rare event. This happens when using poor-quality feed or water, or deliberately eating, for example, poisonous plants. Pathology passes quickly or takes a chronic form, sudden death may occur.

As symptoms, any disturbances in the functioning of the nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract are distinguished. In case of food poisoning, salivation also increases, suffocation and convulsions are observed.

Treatment is carried out aqueous solution vinegar, give it to the bird inside and wash the eyes with water. food poisoning feed is treated with herbal decoctions, vegetable oil or vodka.

Exists great amount diseases found in birds. It is rare that a farmer can make a diagnosis on his own. To avoid serious losses, when geese appear anxiety symptoms it is recommended to call the veterinarian.