The tooth feels cold. Sensitivity of teeth - methods of elimination. Dental treatments

According to medical statistics, increased tooth sensitivity is characteristic of every eighth inhabitant of the planet. The scientific name for this phenomenon is hyperesthesia. Its main symptom is a sharp and sudden toothache, which occurs at the time of contact of tooth enamel with a toothbrush, sour, sweet and salty foods, hot and cold drinks, as well as upon contact with frosty air.

In order to pick best way treatment sensitive teeth, it is necessary to understand the features of their structure and the reasons for the occurrence of such a reaction. In any case, hyperesthesia requires immediate medical intervention, because the this pathology can become a provoking factor for the development of other diseases that affect the oral cavity.

Features of the structure of the teeth

In order to find out why the teeth become very sensitive to certain types food and drink, hygiene items and weather conditions First of all, you need to familiarize yourself with their structure. top tooth forms enamel. Directly below it is dentin - a special tissue that has a similar structure to bone tissue. In inner space dentin contains the thinnest and liquid-filled thread-like canals, the main function of which is to connect tooth enamel with nerve cells located in the dental pulp. In addition to fluid, each dentinal canal contains nerve endings - it is they that provoke a significant painful reaction to a variety of stimuli.

Why do teeth become sensitive?

There are several reasons for high tooth sensitivity. The most widely used of them are considered to be the following.

Violations of the original physiological structure tooth. In case of partial destruction of tooth enamel, any annoying factors inevitably transferred to the dentin. This results in sudden and severe pain.
Destruction of tooth enamel before and after treatment - photo
The presence of periodontitis, which led to the exposure of the tooth root.
Loss of valuable minerals from tooth enamel.
The appearance of white spots on the surface of the tooth.
Defects resulting from carious lesions.
Damage to the neck of the tooth, having a wedge-shaped shape.
Gradual erasure of tooth enamel as a result of bruxism - uncontrolled grinding of teeth.

Consumption of excessive amounts of foods rich in acids. This causes calcium to be washed out of the enamel, causing it to become porous.
Frequent procedures professional cleaning teeth and regular use of bleaching agents.
Improper diet with a predominance of too hard, sweet and sour foods, as well as carbonated drinks.
The use of toothbrushes of increased rigidity.
genetic predisposition.
Abuse of tobacco products.
Hormonal imbalance.
Pregnancy - during this period, most of the calcium from the body is spent on the development of the fetus.

How to reduce tooth sensitivity with simple methods

In order to reduce the degree of sensitivity of the teeth, you must regularly follow simple rules.

For morning and evening daily hygiene oral cavity it is recommended to use a brush with bristles medium degree stiffness - too soft will not provide the desired effect, and too hard causes microtrauma to the enamel and gums.
Should be avoided permanent use pastes containing aggressive whitening granules, as they make the enamel thin, weak and brittle.
After each meal, the teeth must be rinsed with a special solution or homemade decoction herbs.
Develop proper diet food, avoid eating too hot and too cold food.

Enrich your diet with foods enriched with valuable minerals and vitamins - in particular, high-quality hard cheeses, carrots, apples, sea fish, animal liver, and various varieties nuts.

Clinical Treatments for Hyperesthesia

In order to completely get rid of the problems associated with increased sensitivity of the teeth, it is necessary to visit a highly qualified dentist. After a thorough examination of the oral cavity and assessment of its condition experienced doctor appoint the most appropriate and effective method therapy.

The method of treatment in each individual case is inextricably linked with the initial cause of the development of hyperesthesia, as well as with the severity of this pathology.

The main causes of hypersensitivity	Methods for the treatment of hypersensitivity
Tooth enamel injuries	The use of high quality composite with reflective properties for full recovery chips and cracks
carious lesions	Standard therapeutic treatment With extra hygiene oral cavity
Diseases of other organs	Treatment aimed at restoring the organ that caused the appearance of hyperesthesia

The most common procedures for hyperesthesia

The complex of the most common and effective clinical procedures performed to get rid of hyperesthesia includes:

bruxism therapy;
remineralization of tooth enamel;
iontophoresis procedure;
exposure to special dental gels and varnishes.

The treatment of bruxism in its complexity exceeds the restoration of teeth with signs of integrity damage. Not only an orthodontist takes part in therapeutic procedures, but also a psychologist, whose task is to find out the cause of this phenomenon. The orthodontist, in turn, imposes special mouth guards on the teeth, designed to protect them from involuntary grinding. The next stage of treatment is the restoration of tooth enamel.

Video - Causes of bruxism, treatment

Remineralization is the best way to restore damaged tooth enamel. This procedure is carried out in several stages.

The modern method of iontophoresis is the introduction of medicines into the dental tissues by exposure to charges galvanic current. Then protective mouth guards are put on the teeth, which significantly reduce the degree of sensitivity.

Home Treatments for Hyperesthesia

Folk remedies are not able to completely eliminate hyperesthesia, however, with their help, its painful manifestations can be significantly reduced.

For regular rinsing of the mouth, decoctions of chamomile, sage and lemon balm are ideal. A small amount of dried herbs should be poured with boiling water and infused for half an hour. The next step is to use it for its intended purpose.

Essential oils of sesame and tea tree can be used in two ways - add a few drops to the water to rinse the mouth, and soak fragrant oil a small piece of sterile bandage and apply to the most sensitive teeth.

As a preventive measure for excessive tooth sensitivity, it is necessary to eat exclusively healthy and safe foods, as well as take a responsible approach to the choice of toothpaste and brush - they must be effective, but not have an aggressive effect on the enamel.

Video - Increased tooth sensitivity

Often a person is tormented by severe sensitivity of the teeth, accompanied by discomfort in the oral cavity. Aching, sharp pains do not allow to fully live, work, enjoy rest, be in society.

Tooth sensitivity

Hypersensitivity of the teeth seems to be something not too serious. The pain periodically increases or disappears, making you forget about it. visit dental office delayed time after time.

Tooth sensitivity is very annoying.

Increased tooth sensitivity, causes

Arising without visible reasons, toothache provoked by external stimuli causes quite healthy person a reasonable question: why teeth become sensitive.

Most people go to the doctor with this problem in the most active years (30-60 years).

The bulk are women. In children and the elderly, hyperesthesia (high tooth sensitivity) is rare.

The aggravated susceptibility is due to the presence of problems with dentin - a hard tissue that is the basis of teeth and a substance that gives strength to tooth enamel. In a healthy state, the hardness of dentin is 58.9 KGS / sq. mm. In young people, its strength is high, damage is more mechanical in nature, and occurs rarely. In old age, it becomes sclerotic, worn out, the reactions become dull.

What causes sensitivity - the main irritants

Progressive technologies are designed to treat sensitivity with new drugs, using advanced equipment. At the same time, the development of industry offers products that contain many acids that irritate nerve endings.

Tooth structure and causes of tooth sensitivity

The reasons for the increase in sensitivity are:

Non-carious defects: erosion, abnormal abrasion, exposing dentin, destroying tooth enamel. Beginning caries, acting on acid, removes minerals from the enamel. The neck of the tooth is exposed, hyperesthesia is manifested.
Neglect of the rules of filling by a dentist.
Negative results after teeth whitening, performed unprofessionally by a specialist, with damage to the enamel, removal of microelements responsible for permeability from it. Frequent similar procedures are dangerous for sensitive teeth.
Traumatic injuries, fractures on the crown, cracks, chips.
Thin enamel, which responds with acute pain even to insignificant external influences.
Advanced carious lesions.
Enamel damage when cleaning stones, giving rise to the development of pathological reactions of the body: diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, endocrine gland, hormonal changes.
Lovers of too sweet, spicy, mouth-irritating food provoke sensitive teeth. Excessively cold drinks hot food, air ingress causes discomfort.
Very hard brushes damage the enamel, injure the gums, and lead to the development of the disease.

To understand how to get rid of hypersensitivity teeth, you should study the problem, undergo a course of treatment, establish certain hygiene rules excluding recurrence of the disease.

Places of tooth sensitivity

Division by type

By placement, two types of hyperesthesia are distinguished:

localized;

generalized. The first shows the reaction to stimuli in one or more teeth. She is peculiar carious lesions, fixation of crowns, wedge-shaped defects.

The second affects segments or a whole series. It is characteristic of periodontal disease, erosion, pathological abrasion.

Products causing hypersensitivity

The origin of hypersensitivity are:

turning teeth without removing the nerve, to fix the crown;
dental problems, without loss of hard tissue.

Physician using clinical testing methods, visual inspection determine the source of the disease and prescribe treatment.

How hyperesthesia manifests itself, symptoms

The symptoms tell about how much the sensitivity of the teeth has increased varying degrees intensity. The manifestation is:

weak;
average;
deep.

The weak course of the disease is characterized by a response to temperature. The nerves sensitively respond with acute pain to the ingress of cold air.

The average degree of manifestation, when the tissues of the tooth feel chemical and thermal stimuli.

Hypersensitivity of the teeth complicates their care

A deep defeat, when a third type joins the first two - tactile stimuli. Wherein:

Touching the teeth is painful, with high salivation. During a conversation, eating (especially sweet, sour), the patient tries not to touch inner surface cheeks to the sore spot.
Performance hygiene procedures difficult. Treatment, carried out at the first signs of hyperesthesia, stops its progression, prevents the development of other diseases.

Hypersensitivity of hard dental tissues is observed in half of patients. Pain occurs near the base of the tooth on the gum. There are different strengths, duration, frequency. Negative factor is reduced immunity.

Desensitization

Get rid of painful sensations with the help of medicine or on their own. Consider how to reduce the sensitivity of the teeth.

First, visit a dentist. The doctor diagnoses sore spots, finds chips, cracks, makes appointments. These can be measures that correct mechanical microtraumas, treatment of caries foci, general sanitation of the oral cavity.

Visiting the Dentist - Starting Sensitivity Treatment

To strengthen the enamel internally, preparations containing fluorine are used. Outside, the strength of the tooth is enhanced by fluoride-containing pastes, gels, varnishes. The speed of the current in the tubules of the dentin slows down, the teeth cease to be sensitive.

The second popular drug in the composition contains strontium. Quickly reacting with calcium, it "cements" the dentine tubules, relieving pain.

Oral care for sensitive teeth requires special care. Aggressive brushing hard brushes are not allowed.

The patient must choose soft remedies that do not damage the structure of the enamel. Be sure to rinse your mouth after taking spicy, salty foods, this also applies to sweets. The range of pastes, brushes, conditioners is huge. It will not be difficult to choose, corresponding to gentle hygiene methods, strengthening, refreshing.

Ways to relieve tooth sensitivity at home:

Rinsing with balms great content calcium, fluorine, potassium, purchased in pharmacies. Counterfeits are more common on store shelves. At home, Diplen therapeutic strips are used, which adhere well to the dentition. They remain on the teeth for some time, saturating the enamel with essential minerals.

Balms for rinsing reduce sensitivity

Even when the pain has ceased to torment, you should see a doctor. Hyperesthesia accompanies any serious disease not related to teeth.

How to reduce tooth sensitivity is also suggested by folk remedies:

Warm (not cold) milk, drunk in small sips. The best will be homemade, but in the absence of such, they buy a good store. Before swallowing, you need to hold the liquid in your mouth for 15 seconds.
Propolis - chewed or glued to the teeth at night. Rich healing substances, he gives them away, strengthening the enamel.
Gargle with tea tree oil, which reduces the response to any kind of external influences.
Sesame oil on a cotton swab applied to the hearth. it good remedy to relieve pain.
Burdock. The decoction quickly reduces pain.
Melissa and chamomile (tincture) soothe, reduce tooth reaction.
Highlander snake in a decoction significantly reduces hyperesthesia, fights against bad smell from the mouth, heals and strengthens the gums.

Rise to soreness, sensitivity of the teeth can after whitening. This is due to the presence chemical substances in the means used. Prepare for the procedure using gels, toothpastes with desensitizing properties. It is important to follow the doctor's recommendations before and after the whitening process. Follow the rules of hygiene, do not include foods that increase response in the diet nerve endings teeth.

Chamomile rinse reduces sensitivity

Treatment of tooth hypersensitivity

Folk remedies, at home, you can reduce susceptibility. To get rid of the increased sensitivity of the teeth, understanding the causes and methods of treatment, you need a professional doctor.

After examination, the dentist will determine the location, severity of the disease. Therapy will depend on the result of the diagnosis.

Cracks, chips are eliminated with a special composite that restores the crown of the tooth. The light-curing material acts quickly, the result is felt almost immediately.

Enamel remineralization is one of the ways to treat hypersensitivity

An effective method of enamel restoration is remineralization. As a result, the dentinal tubules are clogged, and the dentin tissues are strengthened.

For persistent maximum effect, a patient with vulnerable teeth should exclude cold, hot food, fruit juices, sour, spicy foods.

Treatment with this method of increased sensitivity of the teeth gives results after seven procedures. After 15 sessions, it is possible to completely cure the disease.

When the source is caries, therapeutic procedures are also prescribed, plus additional hygiene manipulations and means.

In the event that hyperesthesia is provoked by a disease of other organs, the patient is assigned a consultation with a specialized specialist. After elimination of the underlying disease, hypersensitivity disappears.

Special paste for sensitive teeth

Herbalists and people using traditional medicine, have long known how to deal with tooth sensitivity when inflammatory processes oral cavity. Great antiviral, antibacterial, soothing property - infusion of three components:

chamomile;
oak bark;
calendula.

People with allergies to medical preparations, pregnant women, children rinsing with such a composition (2p / day) will be useful and safe. It should be remembered that too steep an infusion of herbs has a desensitizing effect, but after it dry mouth may appear.

Folk remedies

Don't give the disease a single chance

If the symptoms of sensitive teeth become aggravated, a person becomes sad at the thought of the impossibility to please himself with his favorite dishes. I want to drink cold kvass on a hot day, just laugh heartily. But even a slight flow of air entering the mouth causes pain, distorts the face, causes discomfort in communication. Healthy front teeth - a beautiful smile.

It is not always possible to seek professional help. What to do, how to get rid of tooth sensitivity on your own? The materials of the article give advice on hygiene practices that reduce pain, as well as recipes for treating hyperesthesia with folk methods.

Dairy products strengthen teeth

Reducing irritability occurs subject to simple rules that are observed daily. As practice shows, many succeed in increasing the strength of tooth tissues without the use of radical methods. Prevention of a sharp manifestation of hypersensitivity helps to remove, and prevents further signs of the disease from appearing.

When acute reaction teeth on various stimuli at home, it is not possible to win, incl. tooth sensitivity after whitening, the only way out is to consult a dentist. The problem may intensify, so it’s not worth experimenting for a long time and a lot. Weak, moderate manifestations are cured or weakened by folk remedies. Strong ones are eliminated only after consultation with medical institution. Now you know how hypersensitivity can appear.

Many people often wonder how to relieve tooth sensitivity at home. Unpleasant sensations that occur in the oral cavity when drinking hot or cold drinks, sour fruits and sweets interfere with the enjoyment of eating.

About 40% of the world's population faces this problem, but not everyone will go to the doctor to help him cope with dental irritation. Meanwhile, only a qualified specialist can accurately determine the cause of the appearance of excessive sensitivity and answer the question of how to treat this problem.

In addition to procedures that can only be performed in a medical institution, there are home-made ways to reduce tooth sensitivity.

Dentists call excessive sensitivity hyperesthesia. It occurs most often when the hard dental tissue of the dentin is exposed, which is a consequence of the lowering of the gums or the thinning of the tooth covering - enamel. When hard dental tissue exposed, it becomes unprotected from external stimuli, they begin to affect it, which leads to short-term pain.

If you brush your teeth incorrectly and use toothbrushes with hard bristles, you will definitely damage the enamel. If you have hyperesthesia, use to brush your teeth. Enamel can also be destroyed after bleaching, carried out with the use of aggressive chemicals. Therefore, it is better to do this procedure with a gentle ultrasonic method.

Why is it so important to see a doctor if you feel unpleasant pain while drinking or eating? The thing is that increased sensitivity of the teeth can be caused by other serious illnesses such as periodontitis or caries. In this case, only a dentist will help get rid of it, after curing the underlying disease.

The video shows why there is an increased sensitivity of the teeth:

Where to start treatment

If your doctor reveals dentin exposure when examining your mouth, he or she can help you deal with the problem. You need to start treating tooth sensitivity in the dentist's office. In dentistry, there are several professional ways to save from hyperesthesia, the essence of which is to cover the teeth special formulations that protect the enamel and make it healthy. Here are the most common procedures:

Exposed areas of dentin are covered with a fluorine-containing varnish, which creates protection. hard tissue from external stimuli.
Special composite material seal the exposed tooth surface.
The tray is filled with a gel containing fluorine. You will need to hold the tray in your mouth for about 5 minutes, during which time the fluoride will saturate your teeth and strengthen them.

Fluoridation - main part treatment

These procedures, performed by a professional, perfectly reduce hyperesthesia, but for its prevention, you need to continue to monitor the condition of the oral cavity. Therefore, the dentist will recommend you simple steps that can reduce tooth sensitivity at home. This is about medicinal rinses, gels and pastes, special films, traditional medicine.

Healing pastes

Since not every person who turns to him will want to reduce the sensitivity of the teeth in the dentist's office, the simplest action to solve a dental problem will be to buy medicinal pastes. They contain in their composition increased amount calcium, fluorine and potassium. Unlike conventional products and teeth, they are designed specifically for sensitive gums and teeth. For example, their potassium chloride makes the nerve endings less susceptible to external stimuli, and for the paste add sodium fluoride.

by the most healthy pastes in the fight against excessive sensitivity are Sensodyne F, LACALUT Extra Sensitive, Blendamed Pro-Expert, SILCA Complete Sensitive. It is better to buy them in pharmacies, as there is a risk of running into a fake.

Sensodyne F LACALUT Extra Sensitive Blend-a-med Pro-Expert SILCA Complete Sensitive

Oksana Shiyka
Dentist-therapist
Medicinal pastes should be used for 4-5 weeks 2 times a day, alternating them with by conventional means cleaning teeth from food debris. Only whitening paste is prohibited, as it can make the enamel thin and even break its integrity, which will lead to increased tooth susceptibility.
Special toothpastes have 1 drawback: since their composition is gentle, it does not contain aggressive abrasive particles, and data medicinal products do not remove plaque from the enamel surface as well as other pastes.
Gels, ointments and dental films
If you have sensitive teeth, then remedies such as ointments, gels, and even dental film will help you remove hyperesthesia.
To prevent acids from destroying tooth enamel, GS tooth mousse can be used at home. It should be applied to the surface of the teeth in an even thin layer with a cotton swab in the morning and late in the evening. After the procedure, it is not recommended to drink and eat for 30 minutes. Ointments, like toothpastes, contain a lot of phosphorus and calcium. Due to the presence of these elements, the drug creates a protective film on the teeth, which is a barrier to acids, and closes the exposed dentin channels. Unpleasant symptoms hyperesthesia disappear fairly quickly.
Fluocal gel is a good remedy for a high degree of susceptibility to cold, acid and hot drinks. It's so effective remedy that it should only be used twice a year. The gel is able to form a mineral layer on the surface of the enamel, resistant to external irritants and caries. To treat the problem, the drug is applied to cotton swab, which is used to treat clean teeth. In this case, it is necessary to ensure that the gel does not get on the gums. After 4 minutes, spit out the remnants of the drug into the sink and do not eat for 1 hour.
Fluocal
Gel PRESIDENT Sensitive plus is also capable of curing hyperesthesia. Acting in conjunction with the toothpaste of the same name, he perfectly solves the problem of dentin susceptibility to external stimuli. After brushing your teeth with paste, apply a layer of the preparation on them, paying attention to the basal part. Do this for a month twice a day, and soon you will forget about the discomfort.
PRESIDENT Sensitive
It is also possible to carry out treatment at home with the help of dental film Diplen Denta F. This two-layer remedy is able to nullify the possibility of the problem developing again. The first outer layer of the film protects the teeth from food acids, and the second, sticky, fills them with fluoride. The film is fixed on the teeth with an adhesive side and left for 7-8 hours, and then removed. Thanks to prolonged exposure fluorine compounds enamel becomes dense.
Film Diplen Denta F
Rinses and infusions
In pharmacies, you can buy bottles of solutions and rinses Colgate Plax, Desensin plus, Parodontol PROF, which can reduce irritation from hot and cold food and drinks. The substances that make up these products strengthen the enamel, eliminate inflammation of the gums, destroy bacteria that affect the appearance of plaque on the teeth. After eating or brushing your teeth with toothpaste, rinse your mouth with solutions and rinses that will heal not only your teeth, but also your gums.
Colgate Plax Desensin Parodontol PROF
You don't have gels or ointments on hand, but you do have sensitive teeth. What can be done at home in this case? They will come to the rescue medicinal plants. Infusions and decoctions prepared from herbs help to remove the increased susceptibility of dentin to cold and hot.
Oksana Shiyka
Dentist-therapist
Among the most popular herbs are chamomile and lemon balm. They are considered antiseptics and relieve the pain that comes with eating. To prepare the infusion, you need 1 tbsp. l. flowers of these plants and 1 cup boiling water. Grass is poured hot water and insist for 30 minutes. Then warm infusion rinse the mouth after eating.
If you live in countryside, you are probably familiar with burdock grass. How to treat hyperesthesia with it? An infusion is also prepared from burdock. Pour 1 tbsp. l. dry herb 200 ml hot water and boil for 2-3 minutes. In the same way, you can make an infusion of oak bark, only it should be boiled longer - 5–6 minutes. After the medicines have been infused for 1 hour, they can be used as mouth rinses after each meal. These homemade infusions will relieve pain.
They also have calming properties essential oils. For example, a few drops of tea tree oil can be added to a glass of warm water and mix thoroughly. With severe tooth pain, you can increase the concentration of this oil: take 5 drops and add the same number of drops to them eucalyptus oil. It is necessary to dissolve everything in 100 ml of liquid and rinse your mouth several times a day. Essential oils will help you get rid of plaque and freshen your breath.
Knowing how to reduce tooth sensitivity with the help of improvised means, you can improve your health in the comfort of your own home. Herbs, pastes and ointments can improve the condition of your oral cavity and relieve irritation and pain, but only on condition that the problem of hyperesthesia is associated with the condition of the dentin.
Teeth can disturb you for more serious reasons which cannot be eliminated on its own. Do not be too lazy to go to the dentist at the first sign of discomfort. After all, only a doctor will put you correct diagnosis and suggest ways of treatment, some of which you can do yourself at home.

Strong tooth sensitivity is observed in more than half of the population. Hypersensitivity or tooth hypersensitivity- This is a disease that affects areas of the root and neck of the tooth. Hypersensitivity appears due to abrasion of tooth enamel or gum problems when dentin is exposed.

Enamel hyperesthesia usually appears with age, but this disease can also be inherited.

Most often, hypersensitivity develops due to thinning of the enamel and abrasion of the gums. Erasing the gums is an imperceptible process. As soon as the gum begins to move away from the surface of the tooth, you need to without fail contact a specialist. Otherwise, the gum begins to wear away, exposing the dentin and channels that lead to the root of the tooth. This causes an increased sensitivity of the elements of the dentition. Erasing can occur due to irregular oral hygiene or too strong pressure during meals or

Increased sensitivity of the teeth causes not only discomfort, but also pain. The pain is most often sharp, acute and comes during meals and temperature changes. Some patients experience pain when inhaling cold air. Studies have shown that people with hypersensitivity find it difficult to lead a normal life, as they experience severe pain, which affects not only the state of health, but also the mood. Note that at a normal threshold of sensitivity, a person does not experience any discomfort from sweet, sour, cold and hot. With an overestimated threshold, discomfort and quickly passing pain are observed. But hypersensitivity is a strong and sharp pain, which slowly decays.

What causes tooth sensitivity?

Dentists distinguish two groups of tooth enamel hypersensitivity development: systemic and non-systemic.

Systemic causes:

Lack of minerals such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and many others. The lack of minerals affects not only the state of the oral cavity, but also the whole body. High sensitivity teeth - the first indicator that the body does not receive the necessary substances.
Infections and viruses, first of all get on a mucous membrane and in an oral cavity. That is why during the illness, tooth sensitivity can be observed, as microbes get on the nerve endings, which cause discomfort and pain.
Diseases gastrointestinal tract directly affect the condition of the oral cavity. Diseases of the stomach not only change the microflora, but also affect the composition of saliva. And saliva directly affects the enamel. If the composition of saliva is changed, then it begins to gradually destroy tooth enamel and increase sensitivity.
Endocrine disorders also affect the condition of the oral cavity.
Pregnancy. Increased tooth sensitivity is also observed in pregnant women. This is due to the change hormonal background and the body needs additional nourishment with vitamins and trace elements.
Hormonal contraceptives also affect tooth sensitivity.
Stress and mental problems.

Non-systemic causes:

Constant exposure to various acids on the enamel. Acids are usually found in citrus juices, fruits. But the greatest harm carry acids that are found in sugary carbonated drinks.
Constant use of bleaching agents (gels, toothpastes). Whitening agents penetrate deep into the enamel and remove dark spots thereby whitening the tooth surface. But long-term use such funds begin to destroy and erase the enamel. Therefore, often after the whitening procedure, the patient experiences hyperesthesia, which disappears after a couple of days. You just need to carefully use whitening gels and toothpastes so as not to destroy tooth enamel.
Hard toothbrushes also affect the development of sensitivity, as they damage not only the enamel, but also scratch the gum tissue. Over time, the gum begins to move away from the surface of the tooth, exposing the dentin. It is best to use a brush with soft bristles or medium hardness.
Pathological abrasion of dental tissues, which is observed in a certain percentage of the population and leads to hypersensitivity. In this case, it is necessary to constantly be observed by a doctor in order to avoid many dental problems.
The initial stage of development of caries. Sick teeth react sharply to temperature changes and to sweets. In this case, the pain can persist for up to several minutes.
Mechanical injuries (chips, microcracks). If such injuries are not healed in time, then over time, under the influence of microbes, the enamel is destroyed, exposing the nerve endings. Note that microtraumas, which are almost impossible to see with the naked eye, appear due to bad habits, such as the habit of chewing seeds, biting off a thread, opening plastic packages with your teeth, etc.

As can be seen from the listed reasons, some factors do not depend on the person. And to reduce the sensitivity, you need to contact a specialist. And most importantly, try to remove irritants that can cause an increase in sensitivity.

Types of hyperesthesia

Hypersensitivity or scientifically hyperesthesia has its own classification.

Allocate a limited form and systemic. In the first form, increased sensitivity is observed in one or more teeth. AT system form sensitivity is observed in all teeth on one side of the jaw or in the dentition of the upper / lower jaw.

In addition, dentists distinguish three degrees of hyperesthesia:

1 degree manifests itself painful sensations for cold and hot.
2 degree hypersensitivity is manifested by discomfort and pain to temperature changes and reacts to the use of spicy, sour, sweet and salty.
Grade 3 is considered the most severe, since pain appears due to any external stimulus.

What to do with tooth sensitivity

As soon as a person feels pain when eating or reacting to heat and cold, the first thing to do is to contact dental clinic. The doctor will conduct a complete examination and prescribe the necessary treatment.

But, unfortunately, not everyone has the opportunity to visit the dentist's office, but hyperesthesia can be reduced or removed, both with the help of special preparations and folk remedies.

Treatment of hyperesthesia should begin with a change in diet. If the teeth react to sweet, sour, spicy and salty, then you need to abandon these foods or eat as little as possible. It is necessary to reduce the intake of acidic fruits and citrus fruits, since the acids contained in them adversely affect tooth enamel.
You need to carefully monitor products with different temperature indicators. In no case should you mix hot and cold, for example, drink coffee and eat ice cream. Do not drink hot drinks, it is best to dilute them cold water or milk to lower the temperature.
It is necessary to reduce the intake of solid foods - seeds, nuts, crackers. Chips and cracks appear on the teeth due to hard foods.
AT daily diet You should add foods rich in trace elements and vitamins. Therefore, it is best to eat fish, milk, liver, cottage cheese, cheese, etc.

To reduce severe sensitivity, you can use medicines - gels, toothpastes, varnishes for external use, and there are solutions and tablets for oral administration.

But before you start taking medications and using funds, you need to consult a doctor, as the pain may be caused by another disease.

To reduce hypersensitivity, desensitizing toothpastes are well suited, which have complex treatment on enamel and gums. Such pastes are convenient in that there is not only treatment, but regular oral hygiene.

Desensitizing toothpastes:

Sensodyne F. The composition of this paste contains potassium compounds, which close and block nerve impulses.
Oral-B Sensitive Original. The composition of the paste includes 17% hydroxyapatite, which is identical in structure to tooth enamel. This property helps to close microcracks and create a protective layer.
"Rembrandt Sensitive" also forms a protective film that protects the enamel. But this paste should be applied after each meal, so that the effect lasts for a longer period. In addition, the composition of the paste contains whitening components.

Note that therapeutic toothpastes contain alkalis, which, in combination with water in the dentinal canals, cause their dehydration, which reduces sensitivity. But such pastes should be used in courses no more than 4 times a year.

Remedies for tooth sensitivity

For many years, pharmaceutical companies have been successfully developing and producing specialized foams, gels, varnishes to reduce tooth sensitivity, which are highly effective. These funds should be applied at night and use mouthguards. If it is inconvenient to wear mouthguards, then special solutions for rinsing the mouth are suitable for treatment.

Bifluoride 12- a varnish based on sodium and calcium fluoride. Lacquer is applied to the teeth and forms a protective film. After applying the varnish, it is not recommended to eat food for about 1 hour.
fluorine varnish applied and acts on the same principle as the previous drug. But there is a significant drawback - the protective film has a yellow tint. Therefore, this varnish is best used in the evening or on weekends.
Fluocal- the gel is applied to the surface of the teeth or in a tray. There is also a solution that can be used to rinse the mouth before or after applying the gel.
Tooth Mousse – professional dentist ic gel, the composition is selected in such a way that a protective film is formed when interacting with saliva. The gel is applied for three minutes, after which the excess can be carefully removed.
MI Paste Plus – professional tool. The composition is dominated by fluorine. It is applied for three minutes before the formation of a film.

With solutions for the treatment of hypersensitivity, it is a little more difficult, since it is necessary to maintain a certain course and one procedure takes from 20 minutes to 1 hour.

Remodent- a powder that, after mixing with water, becomes a solution that needs to be soaked in a veil and applied to aching teeth for 20 minutes. The remaining solution can be rinsed in the mouth. The composition is dominated by: iron, calcium, zinc, magnesium, manganese and phosphorus.
10% calcium gluconate solution applied according to the principle of the previous drug.
25% strontium chloride solution intended for rinsing.

Folk ways to reduce tooth sensitivity

Many people are skeptical about folk remedies treatment, although they are time-tested and the experience of our ancestors. Moreover, not everyone has the opportunity to buy expensive drugs.

3 drops of tea tree oil, mixed in a glass warm water are great for rinsing. Rinse should be several times a day and after a couple of weeks the sensitivity will noticeably decrease.
A decoction of oak bark relieves irritation, inflammation and dulls sensitivity. To prepare a decoction, you need 1 tablespoon of chopped oak bark per 1 cup boiled water. Mix and put on fire until boiling, then let it brew for 10 minutes. Cool and rinse.
A decoction of chamomile and burdock will relieve inflammation and sensitivity. 1 teaspoon should be poured with boiling water and let it brew for 60 minutes.

Treatment of dental hypersensitivity should not be postponed in long box because strong sensitivity is the first sign of many diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to visit the dentist's office regularly and conduct a complete examination.

We must not forget that the treatment of hyperesthesia should be regular.

Be sure to consult your doctor before starting treatment. Only a professional dentist can prescribe medicine that is right for you.

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From this article you will learn:

Why does tooth sensitivity occur?
treatment of tooth enamel hypersensitivity.

Increased tooth sensitivity is manifested by soreness that occurs under the influence of various stimuli - sour, sweet or salty food, cold drink or cold air, or under the influence of mechanical stimuli– when touched, for example, with a toothbrush, on the necks of the teeth.

Increased tooth sensitivity: causes

Hypersensitivity of the teeth (tooth hypersensitivity) is especially common in the presence of the following factors:

if there are formed carious defects on the teeth (Fig. 1),
if there are areas of demineralization in the form of white spots on the enamel of the teeth (Fig. 2).
in the presence of wedge-shaped defects at the necks of the teeth (Fig. 3).
in the presence of accelerated pathological abrasion of teeth (Fig. 4).
when the necks and roots of the teeth are exposed in periodontitis (Fig. 5).

However, in some cases, hypersensitivity can occur without visible (above) changes in the teeth. In this case, the reasons may be:

Using whitening toothpastes –
such pastes contain a large number of abrasive components, as well as chemical elements facilitating the leaching of calcium from the enamel.
Consumption of acidic foods –
fruit (orange, grapefruit…), concentrated fruit juices, and wine. The increase in sensitivity in this case is due to the fact that acids have the ability to wash out calcium from the enamel. This leads to the fact that the enamel becomes, as it were, more porous, and various stimuli (heat, cold ...) have a stronger effect on the nerve endings in the tooth.
Professional teeth cleaning –
under hard dental deposits, the enamel is weakened, it has few minerals (calcium, phosphorus), as well as fluorine. Dental deposits cover these areas, while protecting them from the action of various factors(thermal and other irritants). When dental plaque is removed, the necks of the teeth are directly exposed to irritants.
Therefore, after removing dental deposits, it is advisable to immediately treat the teeth with remineralizing preparations based on calcium and fluorine, and also prescribe therapeutic toothpastes to the patient with high content these elements.

How to reduce tooth sensitivity

First of all, you need to understand the cause of hypersensitivity and, based on this, choose one or another method of treatment:

In the presence of carious defects -
first of all, it is necessary to treat caries.
In the presence of caries in the stage white spot –
it is necessary to undergo a course of remineralizing therapy.
If there are wedge-shaped enamel defects, they should be filled.
When the necks of the teeth are exposed with periodontitis or periodontal disease -
first, then carry out the treatment of the exposed necks or roots of the teeth with special remineralizing preparations.
In the absence of any local pathology, it is necessary to carry out local treatment aimed at increasing the content of calcium and fluorine in tooth enamel, i.e. remineralizing therapy and enamel fluoridation.

1. Remineralizing therapy at the dentist's appointment -

The essence of remineralizing therapy is the treatment of tooth enamel with special preparations that allow saturating the enamel with calcium. After that, it is desirable to treat the enamel also with a fluoride substance. The need for enamel fluoridation after its remineralization with calcium is associated with the following fact: calcium penetrating into the enamel turns into a compound called hydroxyapatite.

If fluorine is now applied to the enamel, then fluorine binds to hydroxyapatite, and turns into fluorohydroxyapatite. The last connection has one important feature: Fluorohygroxyapatite is much more resistant to acids than just hydroxyappatite, and therefore it is much more difficult to wash out of enamel under the influence of acids.

"Enamel-sealing liquid Tiefenfluorid" (Germany) –
one of the best drugs for the treatment of hypersensitivity. The preparation contains two components, with which the teeth are treated in turn. The first component is highly active calcium hydroxide, the second is highly active fluorine. Usually 1-2 treatments are enough.
Please note that the treatment of teeth with such preparations will be effective only if hypersensitivity is not associated with the presence of caries, wedge-shaped defects ... In the presence of the latter, treatment should primarily consist in filling enamel defects.

2. How to relieve tooth sensitivity at home -

The simplest remedy is toothpastes for sensitive teeth. Such pastes reduce sensitivity due to such components as: potassium chloride, potassium nitrate, strontium chloride, high dosages of fluorides. An example of worthy pastes: Lakalut Extra Sensitive, PRESIDENT Sensitive, Sensodin F, and some others.

Teeth enamel remineralization course at home –
however, it should be noted that such toothpastes are not as effective as professional ones. dental preparations that can be used in a dental setting. This is especially true when it is necessary not only to relieve the symptoms of sensitivity, but to restore weakened tooth enamel that has lost minerals. After all, weakened enamel is very susceptible to caries.

There are semi-professional products available for purchase that perfectly strengthen tooth enamel and at the same time reduce sensitivity. Examples are the R.O.C.S. remineralizing gel. Medical Minerals, with also Elmex-gel.

Tooth sensitivity after caries treatment

Increased tooth sensitivity after caries treatment may occur if live teeth are being treated. This is due to the fact that during the treatment of caries, the surface of the enamel around the defect is etched with 38% phosphoric acid. It is necessary for more secure fixation fillings. The acid leaches calcium out of the enamel, making it porous, and therefore various irritants can reach the nerve endings located in the dentin of the tooth (just under the enamel) and cause pain. To prevent such a phenomenon, doctors usually treat the tooth with special protective preparations after placing a filling.

Summary

If hypersensitivity occurs, avoid drinks and foods containing acids: citrus fruits, wine, etc.
If you have used whitening toothpastes before, stop using them, because. With high probability hypersensitivity is caused precisely by their use.
Talk to your dentist about the cause of the sensitivity, which may be caries or periodontitis. Remember that caries in the form of a white spot is a reversible form of caries, and if you undergo remineralizing therapy on time, you will not only get rid of hypersensitivity, but also prevent the destruction of this area of enamel.