Upper teeth what to do. How much does it cost to insert the front and other teeth? A secure fit is important

Dental implants are removable, they are removed from the oral cavity for hygienic care, and non-removable, that is, fixed - they are installed for a long period of time. A separate category includes implants implanted into bone tissue. To satisfy the interest in the pricing policy of prosthetics in mid-range clinics, an analysis of prices is given below.

How much does it cost to insert a front tooth?

The anterior teeth are visible, so anterior dentures need to be aesthetically pleasing. Modern dentistry can offer two materials: ceramics and cermets.

It is possible to insert a front tooth, the price of which ranges from 4.5 - 6 thousand rubles, from cermet. This is the most popular material for prosthetics of the anterior teeth. This type of implant is often used due to its reasonable price and good aesthetic appearance.

Question - how much does it cost to insert a ceramic tooth? The answer is for one unit from 13 thousand rubles. Excellent aesthetic appearance and reliability of the design turn into a high cost. The cost consists of the need to purchase expensive equipment, the use of the labor of highly qualified dentists. All this is included in the price.

Prosthetics of fixed teeth, price overview

dental Fixed dentures are of various types:

Dental crown implantation, prices

Dental single implants can be made from various materials that differ in strength and aesthetic properties. Materials can serve cermets, ceramics and metal alloys so prices have a wide range. The cost also depends on the category of the dental clinic, as well as the complexity of the process of making crowns.

Prosthetics with bridges, cost

With the help of such a prosthesis, you can insert a tooth that does not have a root. To install it need to grind adjacent teeth. Then, in the dental laboratory, prostheses are made, which will consist of two crowns worn on the abutment teeth and a middle part that will replace the missing tooth. That is why they are called "bridges". This technology is used in the absence of 1-2 teeth in a row.

The cost of inserting a tooth will depend on what material it is made of and the number of crowns in it. To obtain result of the cost of the "bridge", you need to know the cost of one prosthesis and then multiply by their number.

1. A ceramic-metal bridge of three units will cost 18,000 rubles, plus temporary plastic implants of 3,000 rubles.
2. Bridges of three units of zirconium dioxide will cost 48,000 rubles, plus 3,000 for plastic implants.
3. Putting a new tooth made of a cobalt-chromium alloy from three units of a cast bridge will cost 10.8 thousand rubles.

"Bridges" - adhesive prosthetics

This prosthesis is made directly in the patient's oral cavity from light-polymer filling materials. To enhance the strength of the structure, fiberglass is used, it is installed between two adjacent teeth, the prosthesis area. Then a filling material shaped like a tooth is placed on it. Such a design of three units usually takes up to 2 hours. The period of use of such a bridge is lower than that of a crown bridge, moreover, it is a temporary construction and it has all the same disadvantages as traditional fillings. An adhesive prosthesis can cost 6-10 thousand rubles.

Prosthetics with restorative tabs

Tab restores color and shape half-damaged tooth. This is a more expensive and reliable alternative to light-polymer fillings. Ceramic inlays are not only of higher quality, but also look much more aesthetically pleasing than conventional fillings.

1. A micro-prosthesis made of pressed porcelain will cost 11 thousand rubles.
2. From zirconium dioxide - 14-16 thousand rubles.
3. Cobalt-chrome alloy costs from 3.5 thousand rubles.
4. The cost of a gold tab will depend on its mass.

Prosthetics with veneers

To restore the shape or color of the tooth, veneers can be used. This microprosthesis is for veneer of the anterior part of the tooth, which has lost its shape, color, and also has carious destruction. Veneers are placed on ten upper front teeth and eight lower front teeth. Micro prostheses are an expensive and most aesthetic alternative to light polymer fillings.

1. One porcelain veneer prosthesis will cost 14 thousand rubles.
2. From zirconium dioxide - from 17 thousand rubles.
3. Composite veneer will cost 7 thousand rubles. It is made from ordinary light-polymer material.

This is an overview of prices for the prosthetics of fixed implants.

A beautiful smile is the first thing many people notice. She can leave a lasting impression on strangers and friends. Smiling plays a key role in your confidence and self-respect. A beautiful smile can make communication easier, improve your behavior, and melt away any insecurities or anxieties you may be feeling.

However, if a person has a flaw in the front teeth (a chip, a crack, a crooked tooth or its absence), then self-confidence is out of the question. The person becomes more withdrawn, embarrassed to speak and smile. This behavior negatively affects both career and personal life. How to help such a subject?

Modern dentistry offers fast and high-quality prosthetics of the anterior upper teeth.

Features of prosthetics of the anterior upper teeth

Dentists understand the importance of prosthetics of the front upper teeth, so the procedure must be completed very quickly and efficiently.

1. Color.
2. Form.
3. Functionality.
4. Improved gum health.

Metal-ceramic crowns for anterior teeth

A porcelain-fused-to-metal crown is placed on the anterior units. It belongs to one of the types of dentures. Such a product is able to completely replace the natural front teeth. The crown is made of metal and ceramic. Its frame has high strength, and the ceramic coating gives high aesthetics.

Methods of prosthetics of the anterior upper units

Thanks to the rapid development of technologies in dentistry, the issue of restoring anterior units can be solved in one visit to the dentist.

Methods of prosthetics of the anterior upper units:

1. Veneers are able to hide minor cosmetic flaws such as chips, cracks, noticeable gaps between teeth and malocclusion. These tooth-shaped prostheses, approximately as thick as an eggshell or a contact lens (3mm), are bonded to the surfaces of the anterior units with a special dental cement. They are designed to mask minor cosmetic imperfections and create a uniform, straight, natural, healthy smile. Veneers can be composite (direct design, which is performed in the patient's mouth) and ceramic (indirect design is performed on a special machine after taking an impression). The use of aesthetic veneers allows you to change the color, correct the shape or location of the organ. Ceramics are known for their aesthetic properties and are similar to natural tooth enamel. The material has all the properties similar to natural enamel fabrics.
2. Lumineers are the thinnest ceramic plates that are fixed on the front surface of the units. The ceramic material diffuses the light and because of this it has a very natural look. Lumineers are unique in that they are ultra-thin (approximately 0.2mm) and highly translucent, allowing them to reproduce the natural look of enamel. After the procedure, the patient does not have increased tooth sensitivity or discomfort. A feature of lumineers is that they are installed without pre-treatment of the organ. But this design is not reliable, it can easily break.
3. Dental crowns are used in cases where the patient has experienced more pronounced damage or decay of the tooth. A dental crown is commonly referred to as a "cap" because it is designed to completely encapsulate a damaged or decayed organ. It can be used to treat a tooth that would otherwise require an extraction because it causes pain and discomfort. After the doctor has treated the organ, the crown is placed over it and fixed with dental cement.
4. A dental bridge designed to treat missing units consists of a false tooth, known as a pontic, sandwiched between two dental crowns. These crowns are placed over the teeth on both sides of the gap and fixed. Bridges prevent displacement of surrounding teeth.

What are veneers?

Veneers are very thin pieces of porcelain material that are colored to match the patient's teeth. They are perfectly matched to the natural contours of the teeth. Veneers are attached to the front of natural teeth.

Veneers can solve a number of different problems, such as:

1. Filling in the gaps.
2. Smoothing crooked teeth.
3. Coating of yellowed and darkened units.
4. Covering cracks or chips.
5. Alignment of jagged lines and shapes.

What are Lumineers?

Lumineers are ultra-thin, highly transparent coatings for teeth. With a thickness of 0.2 mm, Lumineers resemble contact lenses.

Advantages:

1. Painless procedure.
2. Long term results.
3. Rapid prosthetics.
4. Non-invasive cosmetic procedure.
5. The structure of the organ is preserved.
6. Lumineers can also be placed in just 2 doctor visits.

Indications:

1. Cracks and chips.
2. Crooked teeth.
3. gaps between units.
4. Darkening of the organ.
5. Worn out teeth.

Given the fact that lumineers are installed without turning the surface of the organ, they do not always fit snugly and can come off at any time. Lumineers protrude slightly forward, so when prosthetics of one unit, they are very different from real teeth.

Upper teeth prosthetics

If veneers are used for prosthetics of the upper units, then usually there are no problems. If implants are placed to reduce the gap between teeth, a sinus lift may be necessary.

Prosthetics of the lower teeth

For this purpose, veneers and lumineers are not used, it is best to put metal-free ceramic prostheses. When implanting the lower and upper units, it is very often necessary to perform bone grafting, since there is a high probability of tissue atrophy.

Prosthetics for periodontal disease

On a note: If a patient has been diagnosed with periodontal disease, then prosthetics are out of the question.

The doctor must prescribe treatment to the patient. Implants are installed only if the gum disease is completely cured. If the stage of long-term remission has come, then a removable prosthesis or bridge is installed.

In this case, the gum is minimally damaged, but neighboring units are turned.

Indications for prosthetics of the anterior teeth

There are several indications in which it is necessary to restore the anterior units with a crown or prostheses:

1. Skol.
2. Cracks.
3. Caries.
4. Malocclusion.
5. Improving the aesthetic appearance of a smile.
6. Severe enamel wear.
7. One or more units are missing.
8. Consequences of incorrect prosthetics.

Porcelain and metal-ceramic crowns for anterior units must, above all, be durable and aesthetically pleasing. Yellow and steel crowns are rare techniques that are practically not used at present.

An important role in improving the aesthetic appearance of a smile is played by the gender of the patient and his social status, as well as the type of smile - open or closed. From the point of view of anthropology, the teeth of a woman should be with rounded edges, and men should have pronounced teeth with sharp edges. If the patient's focus is on professional development, the dentist may want to slightly enlarge the canines - research shows that higher canines give people confidence. Girls who want to look slim, doctors recommend slightly widening the two front teeth - men equate long incisors with thin legs.

Anterior prosthetics are an important factor in esthetics as the teeth support the lips, cheeks and other oral tissues.

A crown made of metal-ceramic or plastic is installed only after the treatment of the canals of the tooth.

A popular alternative to dentures is implantation. It is possible to perform implantation if the patient has one lost tooth or all 32. Unlike a crown, an implant is not attached to a damaged or neighboring organ and is mounted in the jaw bone itself.

Contraindications for anterior upper unit prosthetics

Absolute contraindications:

1. Active form of cancer.
2. Condition after radiotherapy.
3. AIDS.
4. Cardiovascular diseases in the stage of decompensation.
5. Severe condition of the patient.

Relative contraindications:

1. Diabetes (especially insulin dependent).
2. Angina.
3. Smoking more than 20 cigarettes a day.
4. Some mental illnesses.
5. Certain autoimmune diseases.
6. Addiction to drugs and alcohol.
7. Pregnancy.
8. The patient's age is up to 18 years.
9. Allergic reaction to the components of the crown.

In some cases, the installation of a metal-ceramic crown is contraindicated for the patient, since he has an allergic reaction or hypersensitivity to the metal that contains the product. Plastic crowns have practically no contraindications.

In case of allergic reactions to cermets, designs that contain gold or zirconium can be used.

The main problems that arise after the installation of the crown:

1. After some time or immediately after installation, cyanosis appears in the gingival margin.
2. The ceramic-metal construction of one organ may differ from the natural ones if prosthetics with a bridge were used.

Advantages of metal-ceramic and metal-free crowns

The task of modern dentists and dental technicians is not only to restore the functions of the lost organ, but to make the prosthesis beautiful and natural.

Modern requirements for prostheses (crowns):

1. The dentures must be biologically compatible. At present, this factor is very important. Only ceramic crowns do not cause allergic reactions.
2. The crown should be aesthetic, look good. A good prosthesis should look exactly like a regular organ. Metal-free crowns have a natural color. It is possible to preserve the anatomical shape of the organ using ceramic-metal structures. But in this case, neighboring units will be damaged, as the dentist will have to grind them. Moreover, healthy teeth are translucent. The metal used in the dental structure makes the artificial prosthesis look opaque.
3. After installing metal-ceramic, many people see darkened gums or a metal edge around the organ. Ceramic structures do not have these disadvantages, as they do not contain metal. Metal-free crowns do not cause gum injury, periodontitis and gingivitis.
4. Porcelain crowns have the same thermal dilatation as healthy teeth. A person does not feel discomfort while eating or drinking cold and hot. Ceramic crowns will last longer.
5. Metal constructions can cause allergies and idiosyncrasies, while ceramics are safer.
6. Ceramic crowns are light. In cases where several units need to be restored, metal crowns may be too heavy.
7. There is another advantage of prosthetics with ceramics - fixation occurs with glue. It turns the artificial prosthesis and the root into a single whole.

The cost of metal-free crowns is two or three times higher than that of metal-ceramic structures.

Preparation for prosthetics

The dentist carefully examines the patient's oral cavity. After an X-ray.

Stages of preparing a tooth for prosthetics:

• x-ray diagnostics (determination of the number, size and degree of curvature of the roots);
• anesthesia (local anesthesia);
• mechanical cleaning of the tubules of the tooth;
• medical flush;
• filling the canals of the tooth or installing a stump tab;
• complete restoration of the crown of the tooth.

Crown installation

Grinding the teeth before installing the crown is a mandatory procedure, usually depulpation (removal of the nerve) and sealing of the canals are also performed. Biting on solid food should be avoided until the treatment is complete. It should not be painful after an endodontic procedure, although it may be tender for a few days.

Contraindications for root canal treatment:

1. Anatomical factors such as obstructed root canals.
2. Tooth with inadequate periodontal support.
3. Severe condition of the patient.
4. Vertical root fracture.
5. Osteomyelitis and malignant tumors.

In the dental laboratory, after the impression, the prosthesis is made. It can be either a single element or a bridge structure. During the fabrication of the structure, the patient wears a temporary prosthesis ("butterfly") in order to protect the turned hypersensitive teeth and maintain aesthetics. The finished crown is fixed with dental cement and helps preserve the rest of the tooth. High-quality prostheses serve for decades, fully maintaining their functionality.

Installation of prostheses without turning neighboring units

Dental implants are teeth that can look and function just like real ones. Prosthesis implantation involves screwing a titanium screw into the bone and attaching a prosthetic organ to it.

The implants are made of titanium alloy. The first step is to place a sterile implant into the bone, which will fuse with the implant in a process known as 'osseointegration'. Once this process has been successfully completed, the prosthesis can be placed above the gum line.

How to restore missing or severely damaged teeth?

In this case, it is best to use dental implants. Implantation is a dental procedure in which a metal base is placed into the jawbone (usually a screw) and this implant acts as a support or anchor for a new artificial tooth.

Dental implants are used to replace units when they are severely damaged and have no hope of survival. Over time, the implant or screw takes root in the jawbone and remains a strong support for artificial prostheses (a process known as osseointegration).

Before prosthetics of the upper and lower teeth, the dentist must carefully examine the patient in the clinic, draw up a treatment plan and present him with possible treatment alternatives.

First of all, the concept of minimal invasion should prevail in organ reconstruction. During prosthetics, the doctor should try to preserve as much natural and healthy tissue as possible. Modern dental clinics offer their clients to abandon the radical polishing of teeth for metal-ceramic crowns and prosthetics with strong and aesthetic all-ceramic inlays, onlays, veneers, lumineers or partial crowns.

How much do dentures cost?

The cost of prosthetics depends on many factors, including the initial condition of the teeth, the complexity of the procedure, the material for the prostheses, the status of the clinic, and concomitant treatment.

Average prices for prosthetics of the anterior upper units:

1. Installation of veneers - 1500-50000 rubles.
2. Installation of lumineers - 30,000-45,000 rubles.
3. Installation of composite veneers - 1500-2500 rubles.
4. Bugel implant (price for one implant) - 30,000-80,000 rubles.

Video review of a patient after basal implantation in dentistry of innovative technologies Smile-at-Once

Losing front teeth is a tragedy for every person, causing uncertainty, discomfort, and sometimes deep depression. Experts say that the reconstruction of hard dental tissues, taking into account the phonetic features of speech, aesthetic requirements, is a complex procedure.

If the front teeth cannot be restored using filling materials or veneers, modern dental clinics offer patients a choice of crowns characterized by high aesthetic properties and functionality. And in the absence of two or a number of units, bridge prostheses are used.

Dentists in the process of prosthetics try to solve the main tasks, such as:

• restoration of chewing functions;
• restoration of aesthetic appeal.

The front teeth, which are considered the hallmark of any person, deserve great attention. Often procedures are performed with the aim of improving cosmetic properties, such as defects, color, shape. For aesthetic appeal, specialists comply with the requirements for transparency, reflective ability, and shapes. An important point during the procedures is that in the future they are not exposed to diseases.

Prosthetics of the anterior upper teeth: before and after

Popular prosthetic structures today include metal-ceramic, metal-free, veneers, implants, prostheses, varieties of which can be seen in the photo (above) before and after prosthetics of the front teeth.

Metal-ceramic crowns for anterior teeth

A porcelain-fused-to-metal crown mounted on the anterior units is one of the types of dentures.

The aesthetic appearance of the product completely replaces the natural front units.

They are made from metal and ceramics. The framework has high durability, and ceramics appearance gives high esthetics. Consider in the photo (above) the prosthetics of the front upper teeth are offered for review.

Indications

Let us consider in more detail the indications for prosthetics of the anterior lower teeth.

Anterior teeth restored with crowns or dentures have the following indications:

• chips, cracks, other problems;
• caries, in which it is necessary to perform restoration;
• noticeable wear of the enamel;
• the absence of one or more units;
• problems arising from improper prosthetics, or malocclusion;
• to improve aesthetic performance.

Porcelain-fused-to-metal and ceramic crowns have specific application requirements. First of all, this concerns strength, aesthetics, which is very necessary for chewing and front teeth. In particular, prosthetics of the lower teeth with ceramic-metal in one bridge allows you to restore several units, which is not typical for other prosthetic structures. With yellow or steel crowns, in the absence of wishes for aesthetics, the patient practically does not restore and is referred to as rare techniques.

Clasp upper prosthesis for anterior teeth

If there are no chewing units, then it is better to install ceramic-metal crowns. Single constructs can be placed in cases of preserved root or on implants. When the root is preserved, it should be treated, and then partially restored coronal part and fixation. The coronal part can be restored with a post with a turning of the stump for a strong fixation of the crown or with the help of a stump inlay. Pins and tabs are made of metal.

It should be noted that prosthetics on implants exclude the preparation of adjacent teeth.

An advantageous option is implant prosthetics with subsequent fixation of the crown. Also, patients are successfully restored with bridge prosthetics.

Contraindications

Contraindications to the prosthetics of the anterior teeth are more related to metal ceramics due to the metal content in it. Metal-free prosthetics has practically no contraindications. So some patients may experience an allergic reaction to the metal base of the structure, but basically it is made of a metal alloy. This material does not have an oxidative reaction, does not rust and is considered bioenergetic.

In the event of an allergy, prosthetics should be performed with structures containing zirconium or gold.

After installation, the following problems may occur:

• the manifestation of cyanosis in the gingival region after a time or immediately after installation, the cause of which is the base;
• metal-ceramic constructions in a single installation may differ from natural ones, but there is no such problem in a bridge prosthesis.

Advantages of metal-ceramic and metal-free crowns

Progressive technologies make it possible to manufacture prostheses for the front teeth of the upper and lower row, which do not differ at all from natural ones. The main benefits include:

The service life of crowns can be more than fifteen years with good hygiene. The process of prosthetics for two missing front teeth with cermet is used, if there are also small defects. Achieving a high splinting, functional and aesthetic effect is carried out using a clasp prosthesis in the area of ​​the molar and premolar. It should be noted some disadvantages when installing metal-ceramic crowns, such as strong grinding of hard tissue up to 2 mm on each side. Dental depulpation is also performed as a necessary procedure in some cases.

Improper work can damage the pulp, which subsequently leads to the appearance of inflammatory processes and the continuation of treatment with new prosthetics.

Metal-free crowns are made of high-strength ceramic and are considered one of the best types of prosthetics for anterior teeth. They are characterized by high rates of aesthetics, do not chip or stand out over time, are easily matched by color, and also have a long service life. But their cost exceeds ceramic-metal structures by two or three times.

Training

Preliminary, patients are examined in the oral cavity with x-rays. After that, treatment is carried out if necessary.

The seals are checked for the quality of installation, if they are in poor condition, the channels are cleaned and re-sealing is carried out.

Then depulpation is performed, as a mandatory procedure before prosthetics. A pin or stump tab is installed in the destroyed tooth.

Installation

The installation process involves turning with the implementation of a ledge to support the crown.

Installation of a bridge prosthesis

After that, an impression is taken from the jaw with its further sending to the laboratory, where a crown or bridge will be made. At the time of fabrication of the structures, temporary dentures are placed on the turned teeth in order to protect the exposed tissues and restore aesthetics. During the initial readiness of the uncoated crown, a fitting is carried out to make changes, correct shapes, match colors, after which the structure is coated with glaze. The crown is fixed to the tooth with dental cement.

The possibilities of modern dentistry allow patients to replace from one unit to a full row with the restoration of aesthetic and functional features without harm to neighboring teeth.

Modern dentistry allows patients to replace front teeth without harming neighboring teeth.

Patients who have installed structures made of metal ceramics or ceramics enjoy comfort and appearance for a long time.

Leading experts recommend using two types of crowns to restore the front teeth, both metal-ceramic and non-metal. But the right decision would be to choose an experienced, competent dentist and a clinic with modern equipment and materials.

Implantation is the most demanded area of ​​dental services today, helping to solve the most serious problems with teeth, or rather, with their absence. With the help of modern technologies of prosthetics, it is possible to install crowns, make a bridge, build up dental tissue on the root base. But only thanks to implants, it is possible to “equip” new teeth with a mouth in which there is not a single root left.

People have to pull out their teeth for various reasons. Not only medical indications, but also aesthetic needs drive them. And not so long ago it was impossible to insert a tooth if there is no root. Today dentistry can do it.

What is a tooth root

The root of the tooth is not visible to a person, it is the basis of the tooth, which is located in the gum tissue. Her functions are important - to keep the tooth in its place. After all, chewing load is carried out constantly, with rather big force and for a long time throughout human life.

By the way. At the root are nerve endings that serve as a kind of "sensors". When problems arise, they signal this with pain.

Root saving

The root of a tooth is not so easy to destroy. The tooth tissue will be damaged much faster, and the root will be left without the upper part.

By the way. If the patient has a root left, it can be used for further tooth restoration. A crown will fit on it, and the restoration of the chewing element will be cheaper.

Root removal

• with acute and uncomplicated periodontitis;
• with complicated periostitis;
• in case of persistent pain syndrome;
• the root is so destroyed that restoration is impossible;
• There is a radicular cyst.

In these situations, root removal is not only recommended, but necessary in order to avoid major and difficult to treat complications, inflammation, and sepsis.

Special design for root replacement

The principle of tooth implantation in the absence of a root is to create a special metal structure that imitates not only the upper part of the dentary bone, but also the lower one, that is, the entire tooth.

The method of implantation is relatively new - its widespread use began 30 years ago. The technique itself was developed and implemented in the 70s, but due to the high cost, it began to gain mass popularity in the USSR only after its collapse.

How was implantation invented? Before scientists had to discover osseointegration. The ability of a bone to grow around foreign bodies implanted in it is osseointegration. Thanks to it, the jaw tissue rigidly fixes the alloy implanted into it and allows you to build up the apical crown on it, as on its own base. In the future, only the crown is subject to replacement, which, depending on the texture of manufacture, lasts 5-15 years. A metal imitation of the root can remain in the jaw without damage and changes for 40 years or more.

By the way. The name of an artificially implanted dental structure - an implant - is much more common than an implant. But since in English it is called an implant, this short version of the name will be more accurate.

When treating a patient who is missing not only teeth, but also their root system, a dental implant is used. It consists of three structural elements.

1. A metal support (screw or plate base) that replaces the root.
2. Abutment - an intermediate connecting link between the crown and the support of the tooth.
3. A dental crown imitating its upper part.

The support can be made of any heavy-duty metal, but it is best (and this is done in the vast majority of cases) to use titanium for the manufacture. This material is particularly strong and lightweight, durable and most reliable. But most importantly, it is well compatible with the human body.

Important! As you know, the human body reacts negatively to foreign bodies that, for various reasons, get into it or are implanted. The reaction can be from allergies, to suppuration and serious inflammation with damage to tissues in close proximity to a foreign body. This does not happen with titanium alloy.

Titanium material for implantation is designed in such a way that the protective reaction of rejection by the body, expressed in allergic manifestations, is not provoked. Titanium rejection occurs in one in a million cases. But even despite this, before manufacturing a dental implant support from titanium, the doctor must check the individual tolerance of the patient's body to this metal.

A dental crown that mimics the surface of a tooth can be made from a variety of materials. It is on these materials that the types of implants are designated.

Table. Classification of implants by crown material

Video: What is a dental implant?

implant surgery

The method of implantation of implants largely depends on how long the patient has been without teeth. It can be performed with or without turning adjacent teeth.

There is an opinion that it is not necessary to grind teeth during implantation, which is why many people prefer it, for example, to the installation of bridge prostheses, in which damage to neighboring teeth is inevitable. But the individual anatomy of each patient should be taken into account. If the teeth have been torn out for a long time, and there are no roots left in the jaw, the body strives to fill the empty spaces. The surrounding teeth begin to grow together, and after a while the implant simply cannot fit between them, creating interference and discomfort. In this case, a subpoint is necessary.

Installation of implants consists of several stages.

Preparatory stage - sanitation

Before starting work on installing a titanium base that replaces the tooth root, the doctor must clean the root socket, carefully removing all remnants of bone tissue, nerve endings, purulent and other secretions.

Also at this stage, possible contraindications are clarified, all teeth that are subject to treatment are treated, and the oral cavity is sanitized.

The first stage - sinus lift

A procedure called a sinus lift is a process of building up bone tissue. It is not necessary for all patients who undergo implantation. It is performed only in case of a long absence of teeth, if the jaw has atrophied, and the bone tissue has become insufficient for the implantation of the implant root.

The second stage - installation of the support

The titanium alloy base can be of two types. One of them looks like a screw. It is better to skip the description of this stage for people with weak nerves. The jaw is cut, and a thread is cut into it, into which a screw-like titanium root is screwed. Of course, everything happens under anesthesia, with deep freezing. Roots-screws are most often used for implantation of front teeth.

By the way. The rule in implantology is as follows: one base - one tooth. An exception may be when the patient has two adjacent closely spaced teeth removed, both with a root. In this case, two crowns can be placed on one base.

The second base, used to restore chewing teeth, has the form of a narrow plate for the entire length of the tooth, which is driven into the bone tissue. To install the plate, the jaw will also have to be cut. An abutment will be attached to this plate in the future.

The third stage is habituation

The incision in the jaw is sutured, and the patient, with the metal base in place, is sent home for habituation and healing. The healing process usually takes three to six months.

The fourth stage - installation of the abutment

The abutment or gingiva former that connects the root to the crown is placed after the root is fully implanted. To do this, the gum is cut again, because the abutment, also called the neck of the tooth, must be immersed in the gum tissue.

By the way. In exceptional cases (age of the patient, intolerance to surgery), one-stage implant placement is possible. This is a long-term, many-hour operation, in which the implantation of the root is performed immediately with the abutment. Thus, there is no need to re-cut the gum. A temporary crown is put on the abutment, which, after implantation of the root, is replaced with a permanent one.

Fifth stage - crown

The final chord of implantation is the attachment to the abutment of a crown made of the material chosen by the patient.

When the crown fails due to constant chewing load (5-15 years after installation, depending on the material), it is replaced with a new one, without replacing the root and abutment.

For whom implantation is contraindicated

Unfortunately, not all patients who have lost a tooth root can be restored with the help of implantation. There are categories of people for whom this technique is contraindicated.

The operation is not performed if the patient:

• there are chronic diseases of a severe nature;
• low blood clotting is observed;
• transferred myocardial infarction, and he is in a post-infarction state;
• one of the stages of drug addiction or alcoholism;
• state of pregnancy.

Video: Contraindications to dental implantation

There are many. In addition to the high cost of the work, which for many patients still continues to be a disadvantage of the method, everything else can be attributed to the advantages.

Firstly, with the help of implantation, it is possible to restore a tooth that has been removed from the root.

Secondly, in most cases it is not required to grind healthy teeth, it is possible to save them.

Thirdly, by installing implants as supporting teeth for the prosthesis, it is possible to completely restore the entire jaw using the method of fixed prosthetics.

Fourthly, with any type of prosthetics, except for implantation, there is a periodic restoration or replacement of prostheses completely. In the implant, only the crown changes. This method gives the longest result.

When prosthetics of the anterior teeth, the main emphasis is on aesthetics. The strength of the prostheses is not so important here, since the chewing load is not so high. The main task set by the prosthetist is to recreate the anatomical shape, color and degree of transparency of natural teeth. Particular attention is paid to the "pink aesthetics", that is, the gingival margin.

Options for prosthetics of the anterior teeth

Crowns

A crown is a cap that covers the entire visible surface of a tooth. Such prostheses are relevant for severe damage, when the enamel is destroyed by more than 50%. Dental crowns are made in a dental laboratory according to individual casts. The best option is constructions made of metal-ceramic and metal-free ceramics (zirconium dioxide or porcelain).

Veneers and Lumineers

Veneers are ceramic plates up to 0.7 mm thick. They are attached to the front teeth and cover all visible defects (small chips, cracks, darkened old fillings, etc.). Before installation, the enamel is turned.

Lumineers are the same veneers, but much thinner (0.3-0.5 mm). Due to their minimal thickness, they do not require enamel preparation. Such structures are fixed with the help of special glue (cement).

Installation of veneers and lumineers is advisable only for minor damage to the teeth.

Temporary prostheses

Prosthetics of the front teeth is possible with the help of temporary structures (immediate prostheses). These are the so-called butterfly prostheses, made of plastic, acrylic or nylon. They are fastened by clasps (hooks) that wrap around the supporting crowns.

Immediate prostheses serve no more than 3 months. They perform a cosmetic function and, as a rule, are installed during the manufacture of expensive implants or ceramic prostheses.

Features of prosthetics of the upper and lower teeth

Prostheses for upper teeth

The upper incisors and canines are most visible when smiling. Therefore, their prosthetics require the highest aesthetics. The ideal option is crowns based on metal-free ceramics. Due to the absence of a metal base, such products transmit light like natural enamel.

Prostheses for the lower teeth

Cheaper metal-ceramic crowns are suitable for lower incisors. Prosthetics with removable structures is difficult due to the small area for supporting the base. In this case, it is better to give preference to implantation, this is the most reliable method.

Prosthetics of front teeth without turning

To fix bridges, clasp and other prostheses, turning of the supporting teeth is required. However, the preparation of enamel leads to the rapid destruction of a healthy tooth.

In addition, in order to avoid pain, it is necessary to remove the dental nerve and fill the canals before turning. A tooth without a nerve is a dead tooth, its tissues no longer participate in the metabolic process and become brittle.

The most optimal solution is gentle prosthetics without turning.

Options for prosthetics without enamel turning:

• adhesive bridges (attached to adjacent crowns with glue);
• lumineers;
• removable nylon prosthesis;
• implantation.

Restoration of anterior teeth with veneers

Extension of front teeth

Tooth extension is an artistic restoration, which is performed using filling materials. This procedure is indicated when the coronal part is less than 50% destroyed. It is an affordable alternative to expensive veneers and crowns.

Other indications for enamel extension:

• mechanical damage - chips, cracks, etc.;
• the presence of interdental spaces;
• violation of the anatomical shape of the tooth (erasure of the cutting edge);
• caries.

You can build up a tooth in just 1 visit, the procedure takes 30-40 minutes. The doctor applies a filling mass (composite) in layers to the defect area. Each layer is illuminated with a photopolymer lamp and instantly hardens. At the end of the session, the surface of the filling is ground and polished to achieve perfect smoothness.

When should implants be placed?

A dental implant is a complete replacement for a lost tooth. It consists of an artificial titanium root and a ceramic crown. Therefore, implantation is relevant in the case when not only the crown part, but also the tooth root is destroyed.

The main contraindication to implantation is the loss of jaw bone tissue. After tooth extraction, the jawbone loses its natural mechanical load. If you do not fix the prosthesis or implant in place of the "clearing", bone atrophy occurs.

In such cases, a sinus lift operation is performed (building up bone tissue with synthetic substitutes).

Restoration of anterior teeth in periodontal disease

The acute stage of periodontal disease is a contraindication to dental prosthetics. First, you need to undergo therapy with a periodontist and achieve a stable remission, and only then put a prosthesis.

Prolonged periodontal disease causes atrophy of the gums and mobility of the front teeth. Therefore, it is important not only to replace the lost crowns, but also to recreate the aesthetics of the gingival margin, to strengthen the entire dentition. For this, 2 types of removable structures are used:

• clasp prostheses - they are based on a metal arc, which allows you to fix loose teeth and evenly distribute the chewing load;
• nylon prostheses - their basis consists of translucent pink nylon, which perfectly imitates the oral mucosa. However, nylon prostheses are used only for periodontal disease of 1-2 degrees.

Clasp prosthetics of the anterior teeth

Price of dentures for front teeth

The average cost of prosthetics in the smile zone:

• zirconium dioxide crown - 30,000 rubles;
• metal-ceramic crown - from 10,000 rubles;
• nylon prosthesis - 12,000 rubles;
• veneer - from 15,000 rubles;
• lumineers - from 30,000 rubles;
• implant - about 40,000 rubles;
• enamel extension - about 7000 rubles.