Sensitivity of teeth - methods of elimination. Hypersensitivity of teeth: treatment. Treating tooth sensitivity at home

Tooth sensitivity is manifested in acute pain and discomfort when eating, brushing your teeth, and even without an irritant. A painful attack usually does not last long, but delivers serious concern and reduces the quality of life. Without timely assistance a person constantly feels fear of possible pain, is afraid to eat, ceases to observe hygiene oral cavity. However, sensitivity is easily treated if its causes are known. Increased tooth sensitivity to cold

What is dental hyperesthesia

The aggravated sensitivity of the upper tissues of the teeth, which manifests itself when exposed to mechanical, thermal and other stimuli, is called hyperesthesia. The pains that arise in this case are acute or aching in nature and are characterized by high intensity. Usually, hyperesthesia is not provoked by other dental pathologies, with the exception of caries and periodontal disease in advanced stages.

Sensitivity appears due to the exposure of dentin. This is a superficial porous tissue that consists of miniature channels leading to the nerve. If this part of the tooth is damaged and in the presence of an irritant, the nerves are excited much more easily and immediately give out a protective impulse.

A person feels pain that goes away on its own, but not for long. Treatment involves finding out the cause, examination, sanitation of the oral cavity, fluoridation, the use of special potassium-containing drugs and special dental hygiene.

Symptoms of tooth sensitivity

Hyperesthesia causes pain, which often radiates to the teeth located nearby, causing discomfort throughout the oral cavity. Often there is increased salivation, the face swells and becomes puffy, the teeth ache. Sensitivity can manifest itself under the influence of several factors, or only one specific one. The most frequent are:

Cold drinks or food. A person feels pain when eating food straight from the refrigerator, he has to warm them up to at least room temperature. In addition, the patient complains of discomfort in the tooth when inhaling cold air through the mouth.
hot food. This is especially true of solid foods, when biting through which pain occurs.
Food of a certain taste. Patients report acute pain in the tooth when eating sour, salty, sweet foods. In this case, the sensations differ in their duration.
Teeth cleaning. During hygiene procedures, the oral cavity is subjected to mechanical stress due to the pressure of the brush, when using dental floss, and when rinsing. Hypersensitive teeth at the same time respond with sharp pain. In addition, it may appear due to improperly selected paste.

Many patients complain of hypersensitivity of the teeth, which appears under certain circumstances. For example, when taking cold food first, and then hot, when brushing your teeth with a certain brush, when drinking certain drinks, etc.

Causes of tooth sensitivity

Enamel demineralization. Teeth lose the minerals necessary for the strength of dentin when they malfunction gastrointestinal tract, failures in hormonal system(for example, during pregnancy or menopause), some chronic diseases. In addition, demineralization occurs over time due to lack of proper hygiene.
Mechanical damage. It occurs when using a too hard brush or violating the rules of hygiene, chewing on excessively hard food, and a low level of professionalism of the dentist. In particular, during the treatment of caries or teeth whitening, an inexperienced doctor often damages healthy organs. Cracks and chips appear on them, which leads to the exposure of the path to the nerve. In addition, increased permeability of the upper layer of the tooth may occur.
Bruxism. This is the grinding of teeth that appears in a dream, and also if a person is under stress. Bruxism occurs with a special structure of the teeth, certain neurological and mental pathologies. It leads to a gradual thinning of the enamel or damage, and, accordingly, to pain.
The systematic use of very hot, cold, spicy food . Such products lead to natural enamel damage.
Congenital defects of the jaw. Due to the wedge-shaped structure of the teeth or their overlapping, pathological abrasion occurs, erosion is formed. So the enamel gradually decreases, and the nerve is exposed.
periodontal disease. This disease leads to the destruction of the gums, due to which the cervical zone of the tooth becomes vulnerable.

Burksizm leads to a gradual thinning of the enamel or damage, and, accordingly, to pain.

Types of hyperesthesia

Sensitivity varies by location:

Localized. Pain is felt in only one or a few teeth, usually adjacent. It occurs due to tissue damage as a result of incorrect filling technology or other treatment.
Generalized. Appears with total demineralization of teeth, affects the entire oral cavity. Such hyperesthesia leads to acute pain radiating to the jaw. The disease is caused by metabolic disorders, serious dental pathologies, for example, a complicated form of periodontal disease.

Sensitivity has 3 clinical stages and varies depending on the features. At the first stage, only excessive thermal effect on the tooth causes the reaction. On the second - both thermal and chemical irritation. Running hyperesthesia causes discomfort even at the slightest touch to the diseased tooth.

Treatment of tooth sensitivity

The appointment of therapeutic procedures or drugs is prescribed taking into account the causes of hyperesthesia. In some cases, a local effect of ointments or gels on the enamel is sufficient, in others - intervention by a dentist using special equipment, thirdly, complex therapy is required.

Dental treatment

Medical assistance involves the exclusion of the cause of thinning of the enamel:

At mechanical damage tooth or enamel destruction due to caries, the dentist decides to fill the tooth. AT advanced cases removal of the nerve is required, sometimes - microprosthetics.
In case of a jaw defect, you need to contact a surgeon who will perform an operation to change the shape of a part of the skull. Sometimes a dental intervention is enough, which involves grinding down part of the tooth or leveling it.
For the treatment of bruxism in most cases, a consultation with a psychotherapist and an appointment are required. sedatives overall impact, drugs based on potassium, magnesium, vitamins of group E. This allows you to exclude nervous tension leading to involuntary movement of the jaws. In addition, relaxing baths, massages, walks are recommended. At night, patients wear a special mouthguard for their teeth. It is made of rubber or soft plastic and prevents abrasion of the teeth during the night grinding. If bruxism is due to a malocclusion, you will need the help of an orthodontist, wearing braces.
With demineralization, the following treatment is effective: the teeth are isolated from saliva, a 10% solution of calcium gluconate is applied for 5 minutes, and the oral cavity is treated with a solution of sodium chloride. Last drug also prescribed for oral administration of 0.5 g three times a day for about a month. In addition, doctors use fluorine varnish, which covers sick teeth for 12-15 procedures. It helps to eliminate holes in the dentin and relieves hypersensitivity. In the initial stages, fluoride pastes can be used, but it may take several months to get the desired effect. In advanced cases, doctors use the iontophoresis method. It involves applying electrodes to the teeth with medicinal solution minerals and current transmission, so that the enamel is saturated with all the necessary elements.
Periodontal disease and its manifestations can be eliminated with the help of surgical intervention, involving deep cleaning of periodontal pockets, if necessary - deep removal of tartar with a curette. The doctor puts ointments into the damaged gums that relieve inflammation, as well as bone-forming materials that restore the tooth. In addition, periodontists use an ultrasonic scaler, vacuum massage gums, special micro-prostheses that improve the fixation of a damaged tooth.

Application of a remineralizing composition.

Treating tooth sensitivity at home

In most cases, when timely detection causes of tooth sensitivity, you can deal with sensitivity at home. This will require restorative coatings for teeth, mineralized ointments or gels, professional oral care products. Properly prepared folk remedies with regular use have positive impact not only on tooth enamel but also on the gums.

Medications for tooth sensitivity

Choice of toothpaste and brush

By purchasing toothbrush, it is worth paying attention to the degree of rigidity of its bristles. This information is indicated on the packaging. For problems with sensitivity, buy the softest brush, unless otherwise recommended by the dentist. In addition, a consultation with a doctor will allow you to exclude the purchase of low-quality products or one that does not have the desired effect.

When choosing a paste, it is important to study its composition. It should be rich in calcium, fluorine and other minerals. In addition, it is not recommended to purchase products that have a pungent smell or taste - they can only aggravate the situation. It is ideal to opt for specialized posts marked "for sensitive teeth and gums.

Folk remedies

On the early stages diseases can be reduced sensitivity with the help of folk remedies. They are easy to prepare and use, do not require expensive ingredients. Popular are:

Chamomile tincture. A teaspoon of dried flowers of the plant is added to a glass of boiling water. The solution is left to infuse for an hour, after which it is used for rinsing after each meal 4-5 times a day.
bath sage. Dried herb in the amount of 1 teaspoon is infused in a glass of boiling water. When rinsing, a bath is made for the oral cavity, retaining the liquid for several minutes. This allows you to eliminate harmful microorganisms and instantly reduce pain.
Decoction of oak bark. To prepare it, you need a tablespoon of raw materials and a glass of water. The agent is brought to a boil and boiled for 2-3 minutes. After cooling and rinsing the mouth after each meal and at night.
chewing propolis. It can be infused by analogy with the above drugs, but it gives a greater effect when chewed. Propolis at room temperature in the amount of 1 g is chewed after eating for several minutes, but not swallowed. It immediately relieves pain, acting as a natural anesthetic.
Oil tea tree . It is diluted in the proportion of 3 drops per glass of water and used for rinsing 5-7 times a day. The oil strengthens the enamel, protects the gums, eliminates the manifestations of caries.

Before using the mentioned folk remedies, consult your doctor. Allergies may occur to some of them, while others are contraindicated in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and open wounds of the oral cavity.

Prevention of tooth sensitivity

In order to avoid the occurrence or recurrence of pain, one should adhere to simple rules prevention:

Brush your teeth twice a day and use dental floss to prevent gum decay, caries or other dental problems.
Use only a soft toothbrush recommended by the dentist, if necessary, a special strengthening paste.
Regularly visit a doctor for examination, preferably at least 2 times a year.
Limit your intake of overly hard or acidic foods.
Accept vitamin complexes by doctor's prescription.
Use the services of qualified certified dentists only.
If the tooth enamel is damaged, contact a specialist immediately.
If the patient suffers from bruxism, it is recommended not to strain the jaws, avoid stress and take a warm bath at night.
Refuse bad habits.

Conclusion

Knowing the cause of increased sensitivity of the teeth, it can be eliminated quite simply with the help of special procedures at the dentist, using medicinal ointments and toothpastes. Therapy is effective in many cases. folk methods in combination with gentle oral hygiene. For a full recovery, it is important to adhere to healthy lifestyle life and prevent hypovitaminosis and demineralization.

Hyperesthesia (increased tooth sensitivity) worries more than 40% of the world's inhabitants. It is expressed in painful sensations during cleaning, taking sour, salty, spicy foods, drinking hot drinks. The pain is short-lived, but it causes serious discomfort, prompts you to give up your favorite foods and personal habits.

Hyperesthesia can be in the nature of an independent pathology or be a symptom of a specific dental problem. To find out its cause and give recommendations on how to get rid of sensitivity, a dentist will help (see also:). Modern medicine knows many ways to solve the problem. Additionally, there are many effective methods that are easy to use at home.

Causes of hyperesthesia

Painful sensations occur at the moment when external factors (temperature, mechanical, chemical type). The pain appears unexpectedly, gradually subsides after the removal of the stimulus. Increased tooth sensitivity is caused by:

sour and spicy dishes, juices;
cold air currents;
hard food when biting;
regular brushing of teeth;
food is hot, very cold.

To understand the cause of sensitivity will allow the study of the structure of the teeth. They are covered with enamel, under which the dentoid bone tissue is located. Inside the dentin, thin tubules with liquid pass to a deeper layer (pulp). Formed complete system connecting nerve cells pulp and enamel. Under the influence of an irritant nerve fibers dentinal tubules give out a painful reaction.

Dentists identify several main causes of hyperesthesia:

Symptoms of tooth sensitivity

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The main symptom of hyperesthesia is pain on a certain type of stimulus. It not only interferes with normal brushing of teeth, meals, but also becomes an obstacle to dental interventions. In total, there are 3 degrees of hyperesthesia:

initial - characterized by discomfort during the reception of dishes, the temperature of which is much higher or lower than 30-36 degrees;
medium - pain is added to the reaction to temperature when sour, sweet substances hit the enamel;
severe - sharp pain occurs when inhaling cold air, moving the tongue, opening the mouth.

Hyperesthesia can manifest itself locally (in the region of one or more teeth) or disrupt the sensitivity of the entire dentition. If it is not associated with dental problems, an examination is carried out for the presence of chronic and systemic diseases.

Diagnostics

During the examination, the doctor immediately determines the cause and stage of the disease, based on the symptoms, the condition of the oral cavity, and x-rays. Hyperesthesia is differentiated from such diseases:

A common examination method for diagnosing hyperesthesia is electroodontometry or EOD. During the procedure, the strength of the current is determined, which is necessary for the transmission of impulses by the dental pulp. The higher the EDI reading, the worse the condition of the neurovascular bundles of dental tissue. A value of 2 μA corresponds to healthy teeth, 100 μA indicates tissue necrosis.

dental care

Depending on the cause, tooth sensitivity is treated with dental office and home conditions. Doctors have a modern arsenal of means to eliminate unpleasant pain sensations:

Folk methods

What can help at home with tooth sensitivity?

Methods tried and tested for years also help to remove tooth sensitivity:

application during rinsing rose oil(1-2 drops per glass of warm water);
sesame oil is used in its pure form for toothache and hypersensitivity (a few drops are applied to a swab and applied to the source of the problem);
warm milk allows you to remove sensitivity, for this it should be kept in the mouth for 15 seconds.

If folk methods do not give positive result, you should make an appointment with a dentist and treat the problem according to his recommendations. May need to add therapy modern methods and drugs.

How to eliminate sensitivity after whitening?

Whitening changes the color of the enamel of the teeth, which is unsafe for their health. Chemicals in the composition modern drugs for whitening can thin the enamel and irritate nerve endings. To avoid this, dentists recommend:

on the first day after the procedure, you should refuse products that can cause discomfort (hot tea, ice water, juices, fruits);
for cleaning, choose a soft brush that does not destroy weakened enamel;
use pastes and gels with fluoride (it closes pores and accelerates enamel regeneration).

What pastes to use in daily care?

To combat hypersensitivity, dentists recommend desensitizing pastes. Their use is justified in the absence of caries, wedge-shaped defects and other pathologies (see also:). The action of the funds is aimed at restoring the balance of fluorine and calcium, to close the tubules of the dentin and improve the structure of the enamel. Special pastes and rinses are used for a month.

How to relieve tooth sensitivity at home - this question is asked by almost a third of the population, because periodic or regular pain when eating cold or hot foods worries many people.

Hypersensitivity in dentistry is a reaction of increased sensation of pain symptoms from irritating factors.

In modern dental practice There are a variety of methods and means to eliminate and combat hyperesthesia. However, it is worth paying attention to the methods of herbal medicine, which in certain situations are also able to overcome this unpleasant phenomenon.

Why do teeth become sensitive?

A hypersensitivity reaction occurs when hard tissues teeth are affected by mechanical, chemical or thermal factors. The pain comes on suddenly and unexpectedly, but also suddenly and subsides. This can be caused by various factors:

Eating acidic fruits.
Reception of cold or too hot dishes.
Biting hard foods.
Teeth cleaning ( ?).
Air currents.

It should be noted that the last two stimuli cause a reaction only in the case of severe forms hyperesthesia, when even the slightest touch to the tooth enamel leads to a sharp pain sensitivity.

The whole mystery of the occurrence of a superstrong reaction of teeth lies in the peculiarities of the structure of enamel, dentin, as well as their interaction with the tooth pulp. Dental tissues have a porous structure. Enamel is built from enamel prisms, and in dentin there are dentinal tubules, in which processes of odontoblast cells are located.

In addition, the structure of hard tissues is heterogeneous - it has a porous structure. Fluid circulates in free spaces, the fluctuations of which can cause a hyperesthesia reaction. If there is even the slightest change in the functioning of these elements, then there is an increase in sensitivity.

There are two main sources of hypersensitivity. This occurs when the enamel-dentin border is exposed, as well as when the enamel is excessively thinned and overdried.

Main reasons

In order to effectively reduce the hyperesthesia of the hard tissues of the tooth, it should be clearly understood what causes such disturbances in response to thermal and chemical stimuli:

carious defects - a destructive process located in the cervical zone becomes a source of increased tooth reaction. In the region of the dental neck is very thin layer enamel, therefore, even minor areas of demineralization, formed under the action of organic acids, lead to hyperesthesia;
non-carious lesions - there is a decrease in the hard tissues of the tooth, first its enamel is destroyed, with a long course of the disease, the process passes to the dentin. Such diseases include dental erosion, wedge-shaped defects and pathological abrasion;
medical violations - in case of incorrect whitening procedures, professional hygiene the Air-flow system, as well as inaccurate work with an ultrasonic scaler, the integrity of the enamel is violated;
whitening without consulting a doctor - carrying out activities for. This is dangerous, since you can not only destroy dental tissues, but also get burns on the mucous membrane;
periodontal diseases - diseases of the periodontal tissues often lead to gingival prolapse - recession, while the neck of the tooth is exposed;
general diseases - hypersensitivity can occur against the background of the development of systemic disorders: digestive, neurological and endocrine;
the constant use of hygiene products with high abrasiveness, which leads to thinning of the enamel;
high consumption of acidic foods that contribute to the occurrence of erosion on the teeth.

Symptoms

Signs of enamel hypersensitivity are observed when exposed to irritants. Sometimes even inhaling cold air can cause an attack of pain. Depending on the condition of the enamel, pain syndrome varies from mild tingling to severe undulating pain.

Cold and hot, sour and sweet – All these stimuli can cause unpleasant feelings in the area of affected teeth. It is not difficult to determine hyperesthesia, because it is difficult to confuse an increased reaction with something else.

The initial manifestations are discomfort when taking hot and cold foods.
Medium degree - a pain reaction is noted when eating foods with different temperatures, as well as when sweet or acidic substances get on the enamel.
Severe degree - a sharp attack of pain is noted with elementary movements of the tongue, when opening the mouth and inhaling cold air.

Video: dentist about increased tooth sensitivity.

Types of hyperesthesia

Hypersensitivity of the teeth is divided into types depending on several parameters: by localization and by origin.

Types of hyperesthesia by area of its location:

localized - the reaction to the impact in the area of \u200b\u200bone or several teeth changes, which is more often characteristic of carious lesion, wedge-shaped defects or fixation of the crown;
generalized - the sensitivity of almost the entire dentition or its individual segments is disturbed. This phenomenon is often observed in pathological abrasion, periodontal disease or multiple erosions.

Hypersensitivity occurs with or without hard tissue loss. When the “minus-tissue” phenomenon is observed, the tooth surface has visible defects in the enamel layer, which occurs with most dental problems: caries, erosion, wedge-shaped defect, tooth wear. This type of sensitivity can be observed if a tooth was prepared to fix a crown with an unremoved nerve.

If sensitivity increases without loss of dental tissues, then often its causes are caused by systemic diseases With chronic course. Also, the formation of recessions that occurs with periodontal disease can become a source of hyperesthesia.

Diagnostics

To determine the source of the altered reaction of the tooth, you should visit the dentist. Based on a visual examination and clinical tests, he will determine the type of hypersensitivity, based on which, the appropriate treatment will be selected.

A common technique is EOD (electroodontometry), which determines the current strength necessary for the transmission of an impulse by the tooth pulp. The higher the EDI value, the worse condition neurovascular bundle of the tooth. So, the reading of 2-5 μA corresponds completely healthy tooth, and 100 µA indicates pulp necrosis.

Differential diagnosis is carried out with:

acute pulpitis - spontaneous paroxysmal pains that arise sharply and intensify at night are disturbing. With hypersensitivity, the time of day does not matter - pain occurs after exposure to an irritant;
acute apical periodontitis - soreness increases with pressure on the tooth;
inflammation of the interdental papilla - papillitis is characterized by pain when food gets between the teeth, outwardly there will be symptoms of inflammation.

Dental treatments

Hypersensitivity of the teeth can be treated both in the dental office and cope with the disease at home, but in most cases it is worth listening to the doctor's advice and approaching the pathology in a comprehensive manner.

To prevent hypersensitivity, dentists have a whole arsenal of tools:

closure of the exposed tubules of dentin - sealing them will reduce the communication between environment and dental pulp. To do this, the dentist uses sealants, adhesives and top coats;
laser treatment is modern and effective methodology to remove the painful reaction. Under the action of a laser beam, the ends of the dentinal tubules are sealed, preventing excessive movement of fluid in the microspaces of the tooth;
defect filling - is performed to reduce the hypersensitivity that occurs with carious or wedge-shaped defects;
depulpation - if none of the above methods is successful, then the only thing left for the dentist to do is to remove the nerve from the tooth (what if?).

How to relieve tooth sensitivity at home

Modern medicine has long denied the positive impact herbal ingredients on the body. To reduce the increased sensitivity of the teeth, there are also folk methods that help deal with the problem.

Let's get acquainted with the most common means to combat hyperesthesia:

reduce the reaction of the teeth to different kinds irritants are helped by the systematic use of tea tree oil for mouthwash;
a decoction based on the snake mountaineer helps to relieve the pain reaction, as well. To do this, the crushed dry root of the plant (5 g) is poured with boiling water (200 ml) and infused for a quarter of an hour;
infusion based on chamomile flowers with the addition of lemon balm. Dry collection of plants is poured into a thermos and poured with boiled water, after infusion for about 60 minutes, it can be used as a rinse;
a decoction of eggplant peel has a firming effect on the enamel, for this, the freshly peeled skin of the fruit is brewed with boiling water and placed in a dark place for infusion;
the use of sesame oil eliminates toothache caused by various reasons, for this, a few drops of oil are applied to gauze swab and applied to the disturbing tooth.

It is important to understand that these methods are effective in complex application with dental products. If the sensitivity persists after use, you should seek the help of a dentist to resolve the problem.

Prevention

Prevention of the occurrence of hyperesthesia largely depends on the organization of the person himself and his mood to control the health of the teeth.

daily hygiene procedures should become an integral rule on the way to healthy teeth -;
use high-quality toothpaste and monitor the condition of the toothbrush, if the bristles are loose, it must be replaced;
don't let aggressive brushing teeth, use the standard cleaning technique, because the strong pressure of the brush on the dental tissues leads to the formation of abrasion in the neck area;
eat foods containing calcium and fluoride to reduce the likelihood of tooth sensitivity;
rinse your mouth with water after using acidic fruits;
when demineralizing the enamel, do not perform teeth whitening procedures;
do not use aggressive methods of exposure to dental tissues, such as cleaning with salt or soda, applying lemon juice to lighten enamel;
visit the dentist regularly.

Remember that getting rid of tooth sensitivity is much more difficult than preventing it.

Video: tooth hypersensitivity.

Additional questions

Can teeth become sensitive after a filling?

Yes, it has to do with interfering with integrity structural elements enamel and dentin. Exposure to high speed, heat and mechanical factors during the preparation process introduces an imbalance. Usually, after 3-5 days, the reaction of the tooth to irritants stops. If this does not happen, contact your dentist for help.

Can there be sensitive teeth while pregnant or breastfeeding?

Of course, these states of the body require a great return on all the internal resources of the body. During pregnancy and breastfeeding, the mother's body gives to the child a large number of trace elements, especially calcium, phosphorus and fluorine, on which the strength depends bone tissue and teeth. To reduce the risk of loss of these elements, a woman should eat well, take vitamin complexes and monitor her health.

What pastes can help?

To combat the increased sensitivity of the teeth, there are desensitizers - toothpastes that reduce hyperesthesia. However, their use is advisable when there are no serious dental diseases because they do not eliminate carious cavities or other visible enamel defects. The action of these pastes is based on the use of calcium and fluorine to restore the crystal structure of the enamel and close the dentinal tubules.

Strong tooth sensitivity is observed in more than half of the population. Hypersensitivity or tooth hypersensitivity- This is a disease that affects areas of the root and neck of the tooth. Hypersensitivity appears due to abrasion of tooth enamel or gum problems when dentin is exposed.

Enamel hyperesthesia usually appears with age, but this disease can also be inherited.

Most often, hypersensitivity develops due to thinning of the enamel and abrasion of the gums. Erasing the gums is an imperceptible process. As soon as the gum begins to move away from the surface of the tooth, you need to without fail contact a specialist. Otherwise, the gum begins to wear away, exposing the dentin and channels that lead to the root of the tooth. This causes an increased sensitivity of the elements of the dentition. Erasing can occur due to irregular oral hygiene or too strong pressure during meals or

Increased sensitivity of the teeth causes not only discomfort, but also pain. The pain is most often sharp, acute and comes during meals and temperature changes. Some patients experience pain when inhaling cold air. Studies have shown that people with hypersensitivity find it difficult to lead a normal life, as they experience severe pain, which affects not only the state of health, but also the mood. Note that at a normal threshold of sensitivity, a person does not experience any discomfort from sweet, sour, cold and hot. With an overestimated threshold, discomfort and quickly passing pain are observed. But hypersensitivity is a strong and sharp pain, which slowly decays.

What causes tooth sensitivity?

Dentists distinguish two groups of tooth enamel hypersensitivity development: systemic and non-systemic.

Systemic causes:

Flaw minerals such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and many others. The lack of minerals affects not only the state of the oral cavity, but also the whole body. High sensitivity teeth - the first indicator that the body does not receive the necessary substances.
Infections and viruses, first of all get on a mucous membrane and in an oral cavity. That is why during the illness, tooth sensitivity can be observed, as microbes get on the nerve endings, which cause discomfort and pain.
Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract directly affect the condition of the oral cavity. Diseases of the stomach not only change the microflora, but also affect the composition of saliva. And saliva directly affects the enamel. If the composition of saliva is changed, then it begins to gradually destroy tooth enamel and increase sensitivity.
Endocrine disorders also affect the condition of the oral cavity.
Pregnancy. Increased tooth sensitivity is also observed in pregnant women. This is due to the change hormonal background and the body needs additional nourishment with vitamins and trace elements.
Hormonal contraceptives also affect tooth sensitivity.
Stress and mental problems.

Non-systemic causes:

Constant exposure to various acids on the enamel. Acids are usually found in citrus juices, fruits. But the greatest harm carry acids that are found in sugary carbonated drinks.
Constant use of bleaching agents (gels, toothpastes). Whitening agents penetrate deep into the enamel and remove dark spots thereby whitening the tooth surface. But long-term use such funds begin to destroy and erase the enamel. Therefore, often after the whitening procedure, the patient experiences hyperesthesia, which disappears after a couple of days. You just need to carefully use whitening gels and toothpastes so as not to destroy tooth enamel.
Hard toothbrushes also affect the development of sensitivity, as they damage not only the enamel, but also scratch the gum tissue. Over time, the gum begins to move away from the surface of the tooth, exposing the dentin. It is best to use a brush with soft bristles or medium hardness.
Pathological abrasion of dental tissues, which is observed in a certain percentage of the population and leads to hypersensitivity. In this case, it is necessary to constantly be observed by a doctor in order to avoid many dental problems.
The initial stage of development of caries. Sick teeth react sharply to temperature changes and to sweets. In this case, the pain can persist for up to several minutes.
Mechanical injuries (chips, microcracks). If such injuries are not healed in time, then over time, under the influence of microbes, the enamel is destroyed, exposing the nerve endings. Note that microtraumas, which are almost impossible to notice with the naked eye, appear due to bad habits, such as the habit of chewing seeds, biting off a thread, opening plastic packages with your teeth, etc.

As can be seen from the listed reasons, some factors do not depend on the person. And to reduce the sensitivity, you need to contact a specialist. And most importantly, try to remove irritants that can cause an increase in sensitivity.

Types of hyperesthesia

Hypersensitivity or scientifically hyperesthesia has its own classification.

Allocate a limited form and systemic. In the first form, increased sensitivity is observed in one or more teeth. In the systemic form, sensitivity is observed in all teeth on one side of the jaw or in the dentition of the upper / lower jaw.

In addition, dentists distinguish three degrees of hyperesthesia:

1 degree manifests itself painful sensations for cold and hot.
2 degree hypersensitivity is manifested by discomfort and pain to temperature changes and reacts to the use of spicy, sour, sweet and salty.
Grade 3 is considered the most severe, since pain appears due to any external stimulus.

What to do with tooth sensitivity

As soon as a person feels pain when eating or reacting to heat and cold, the first thing to do is to contact dental clinic. The doctor will conduct a complete examination and prescribe the necessary treatment.

But, unfortunately, not everyone has the opportunity to visit the dentist's office, but hyperesthesia can be reduced or removed, both with the help of special preparations and folk remedies.

Treatment of hyperesthesia should begin with a change in diet. If the teeth react to sweet, sour, spicy and salty, then you need to abandon these foods or eat as little as possible. It is necessary to reduce the intake of acidic fruits and citrus fruits, since the acids contained in them adversely affect tooth enamel.
You need to carefully monitor products with different temperature indicators. In no case should you mix hot and cold, for example, drink coffee and eat ice cream. Do not drink hot drinks, it is best to dilute them cold water or milk to lower the temperature.
It is necessary to reduce the intake of solid foods - seeds, nuts, crackers. Chips and cracks appear on the teeth due to hard foods.
In the daily diet, you should add foods rich in trace elements and vitamins. Therefore, it is best to eat fish, milk, liver, cottage cheese, cheese, etc.

To reduce severe sensitivity, you can use medicines - gels, toothpastes, varnishes for external use, and there are solutions and tablets for oral administration.

But before you start taking medications and using funds, you need to consult a doctor, as the pain may be caused by another disease.

To reduce hypersensitivity, desensitizing toothpastes are well suited, which have complex treatment on enamel and gums. Such pastes are convenient in that there is not only treatment, but regular oral hygiene.

Desensitizing toothpastes:

Sensodyne F. The composition of this paste contains potassium compounds, which close and block nerve impulses.
Oral-B Sensitive Original. The composition of the paste includes 17% hydroxyapatite, which is identical in structure to tooth enamel. This property helps to close microcracks and create a protective layer.
"Rembrandt Sensitive" also forms a protective film that protects the enamel. But this paste should be applied after each meal, so that the effect lasts for a longer period. In addition, the composition of the paste contains whitening components.

Note that therapeutic toothpastes contain alkalis, which, in combination with water in the dentinal canals, cause their dehydration, which reduces sensitivity. But such pastes should be used in courses no more than 4 times a year.

Remedies for tooth sensitivity

For many years, pharmaceutical companies have been successfully developing and producing specialized foams, gels, varnishes to reduce tooth sensitivity, which differ high efficiency. These funds should be applied at night and use mouthguards. If it is inconvenient to wear mouthguards, then special solutions for rinsing the mouth are suitable for treatment.

Bifluoride 12- a varnish based on sodium and calcium fluoride. Lacquer is applied to the teeth and forms a protective film. After applying the varnish, it is not recommended to eat food for about 1 hour.
fluorine varnish applied and acts on the same principle as the previous drug. But there is a significant drawback - the protective film has a yellow tint. Therefore, this varnish is best used in the evening or on weekends.
Fluocal- the gel is applied to the surface of the teeth or in a tray. There is also a solution that can be used to rinse the mouth before or after applying the gel.
Tooth Mousse- professional dental gel, the composition is selected in such a way that a protective film forms when interacting with saliva. The gel is applied for three minutes, after which the excess can be carefully removed.
MI Paste Plus – professional tool. The composition is dominated by fluorine. It is applied for three minutes before the formation of a film.

With solutions for the treatment of hypersensitivity, it is a little more difficult, since it is necessary to maintain a certain course and one procedure takes from 20 minutes to 1 hour.

Remodant- a powder that, after mixing with water, becomes a solution that needs to be soaked in a veil and applied to aching teeth for 20 minutes. The remaining solution can be rinsed in the mouth. The composition is dominated by: iron, calcium, zinc, magnesium, manganese and phosphorus.
10% calcium gluconate solution applied according to the principle of the previous drug.
25% strontium chloride solution intended for rinsing.

Folk ways to reduce tooth sensitivity

Many people are skeptical about folk remedies, although they have been tested by time and the experience of our ancestors. Moreover, not everyone has the opportunity to buy expensive drugs.

3 drops of tea tree oil mixed in a glass of warm water is great for gargling. Rinse should be several times a day and after a couple of weeks the sensitivity will noticeably decrease.
A decoction of oak bark relieves irritation, inflammation and dulls sensitivity. To prepare a decoction, you need 1 tablespoon of crushed oak bark per 1 cup of boiled water. Mix and put on fire until boiling, then let it brew for 10 minutes. Cool and rinse.
A decoction of chamomile and burdock will relieve inflammation and sensitivity. 1 teaspoon should be poured with boiling water and let it brew for 60 minutes.

Treatment of tooth hypersensitivity should not be shelved, since severe sensitivity is the first sign of many diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to visit the dentist's office regularly and conduct a complete examination.

We must not forget that the treatment of hyperesthesia should be regular.

Be sure to consult your doctor before starting treatment. Only a professional dentist can prescribe medicine that is right for you.