Oral care for a toothless person. Oral care: children's rules. How and why to use dental floss

Everyone wants to have a beautiful sparkling smile. For this, it is very important to have healthy teeth.

However, even very good dentist will not be able to do anything if a person does not pay enough attention to oral hygiene and caring for their teeth. After all, in fact we must do the main work to keep our teeth healthy and beautiful ourselves.

To protect yourself from caries and others dental problems, you should always follow the rules for caring for your teeth. Moreover, this must be done from infancy.

Today we will talk about what exactly children and adults should do in order to always have a beautiful smile.

Children, especially very young ones, cannot yet take care of themselves, in particular, their teeth.

Therefore, it is very important that parents from the very beginning early age taught them to proper hygiene. After all, the quality of teeth in an adult directly depends on how well they were cared for from an early age.

Toddlers need to be cared for more carefully than adults. This is due to several factors.

Features of milk teeth

• The child's body is more affected environment, bacteria and more. Babies have a faster metabolism, so all processes, including dental diseases, develop faster.
• In addition, the structure of milk teeth is somewhat different from the structure of molars. They have a different shape, a shade of enamel and a slightly larger internal cavity.

  The roots are smaller, however, they have a large number of additional channels, because milk teeth require a more complex device to fully perform their functions.

• At the same time, they are much less mineralized than permanent ones. They have thinner hard layers - dentin and enamel. Therefore, they are not only erased faster, but also all pathological processes, for example, carious lesions, go faster.

Care rules

Due to these features, when caring for your baby's teeth, you must follow binding rules . Moreover, parents are responsible not only for teaching their child, but also for control until a full-fledged dentition is formed already in adolescence.

early start

The procedure should begin from the moment the first tooth erupts.. This usually takes about six months to seven months. Of course, at this time it is still impossible to use ordinary hygiene products such as brushes and pastes.

Cleaning the surface should be carried out very carefully so as not to damage the surrounding tissues, with a piece of gauze or special wipes. There are also special, made of silicone and similar materials, finger brushes. They clean the enamel well.

Choosing the Right Brush

Each age has its own rules for choosing toothbrushes. The first full-fledged brush should appear in a baby about 2-3 years old.. At this time, the teeth have already erupted and the child has grown enough to learn how to use such means on his own.

A prerequisite for the first brushes is artificial bristles, which should be as soft as possible.. Modern artificial materials prevent the growth of bacteria and do not cause allergic reactions The child has.

The size of the head must be correlated with the size of the teeth themselves - it should not cover more than three units at the same time. Optimally - about 18 mm.

Pasta selection

Equally important is the choice of pasta. Quality products from trusted manufacturers always have a label on the tube that indicates the age category.

It is imperative that the age indicated on the paste matches the age of the child.

Here are a few things parents should pay particular attention to:

1. Age 0-4 years. Abrasiveness index - no more than 20 units, fluorine is either absent, or its amount does not exceed 200 ppm.
2. Age 4-8. Abrasiveness - no more than 50 units, and the amount of fluorine - up to 500 ppm.
3. Age 8-14. Abrasiveness is up to 50 conventional units, and fluorine and its compounds are already up to 1400 ppm.

It is also necessary to take into account a variety of binders and functional additives. It is desirable that children's paste does not contain triclosan, sorbitol, sodium lauryl sulfate, artificial colors and chemical flavors.

But the presence of natural enzymes (lactoferin, papain), natural protein components and biologically active calcium will be useful.

Proper brushing

In addition to choosing the right brush and paste, parents need to teach the child directly brush your teeth properly. First of all, you need to remember that you should do this daily at least twice.

In the morning before breakfast and in the evening right before bed. It is best if such a procedure, albeit in a lightweight version, is carried out every time after a meal. In the afternoon, you can simply use thorough rinsing for this.

Dentists have long developed a technique that allows you to maximally clean the surface of the enamel from bacteria, food debris and plaque. The child must be taught this technique from the very beginning, regardless of age and possible reluctance.

In addition to all of the above, need to follow proper nutrition child limit the use of so-called fast carbohydrates, that is, sweets between meals.

We have already described the cleaning technique directly. It is absolutely no different from the one recommended for children.

However, it should be remembered that each procedure, carried out twice a day, should take at least two minutes, and in ideal- three minutes.

Each area during this time needs to be cleaned about ten times. This applies to natural teeth as well. artificial crowns: from cermet, zirconium, etc.

Brush selection

There are a lot of toothbrushes for adults. They differ in size, arrangement of bristles, the material from which they are made, and indicators of softness.

To do perfect choice you should consult your dentist, which will take into account not only the shape and location of the teeth, but also the quality of the enamel and many other factors.

Pasta selection

Now you can buy a lot of pastes, which are radically different in their composition and action. They can be curative, preventive, whitening, and so on.

Use of additional hygiene products

First of all, this dental floss or, as they are also called, flosses. The fact is that the gaps between the teeth are too small for the bristles from the brush to get there. Therefore, in most cases they remain uncleaned.

That's where it accumulates the largest number bacterial plaque and microscopic food debris. Flossing after each meal, and in conjunction with the direct application of toothpaste and brush, will help remove maximum amount pollution.

Besides, in recent times dentists often advise patients to use irrigator. This is a device that cleans the surface of the enamel even in hard-to-reach places with a pressurized jet of water.

Instead of water, you can also use a variety of rinses that protect against excess pathogenic bacteria. It is possible (and even necessary) to use rinse aids separately, without an irrigator.

Food

For adults as well as for kids a large number of frequently consumed sweets leads to the risk of tooth decay. In order to avoid this, you need to reduce the frequency of its use.

Also worth Be sure to eat solid foods, for example, fresh vegetables and fruits. They act as a natural cleaner, simply removing sticky food residue and bacterial plaque from the surface of the enamel.

• Chewing gum is good. They remove dirt and plaque after eating, when it is not possible to use a brush. However, it is better to choose those that do not contain sugar, and chew no more than 7-10 minutes.
• You need to be careful with hard objects - crack nuts, open bottles, gnaw through synthetic fishing lines, threads, and so on.
• You also need to be careful when eating foods with very different temperatures. For example, alternate hot coffee with ice cream. This is bad for enamel.
• There should be only one brush for one person. Sharing is unacceptable due to the fact that everyone has a different microflora in the oral cavity.

You need to monitor the health of your teeth yourself, but you should not get carried away with home care and forget about preventive examinations at the dentist. This will help identify problems at an early stage.

And in conclusion - a short video on the topic of dental care:

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A beautiful smile is a pass to the society of respectable, open, self-respecting people. However, the issue of oral hygiene remains one of the most relevant in terms of health - after all, more than 80 species of microorganisms live there.

Toothpastes

MANUFACTURERS of oral hygiene products offer toothpastes with a variety of appearance, taste, color and smell. However, when choosing a toothpaste, it is necessary to take into account the problems and characteristics of a person’s dental status, and only then taste preferences and financial opportunities. Modern toothpaste is a complex multicomponent system, which includes natural and synthetic substances. Its main purpose is to clean and deodorize the oral cavity. In addition, depending on the active components introduced into the paste, with regular use, it prevents the occurrence of caries, plaque, reduces the sensitivity of enamel, inflammation of the gums. For more effective protection from caries, active components are introduced into the pastes: sodium monofluorophosphate, sodium fluoride, aminofgoride. In regions with high content fluorine in drinking water it is necessary to use pastes without compounds of this substance (with calcium glycerophosphate, xylitol). Information about the fluorine content is placed on the packaging. According to WHO, the optimal content active substance fluoride in toothpastes - from 0.10% to 0.15%. With inflammation and bleeding of the gums, it is proposed to use pastes containing chlorhexidine, triclosan, plant extracts (oak bark, sage, chamomile), allantoin, essential oils(menthol, thymol). Persons with high sensitivity teeth are assigned pastes with low abrasiveness. Their RDA index is no more than 75, and they contain active ingredients that reduce hypersensitivity (potassium salts: potassium nitrate, potassium chloride). Use pastes containing chlorhexidine should not exceed two weeks!

To restore the natural color of teeth darkened from tea, coffee and tobacco, whitening pastes will help, providing a polishing effect and removing surface pigments due to increased abrasiveness. You can use such pastes (RDA index over 150) 1-2 times a week. They are not recommended for children and people with hypersensitivity of enamel.

Important! Chlorhexidine-containing toothpastes should be used for no more than 2 weeks, and toothpastes containing special bleaching agents (oxidizing agents), such as hydrogen peroxide, carbamide peroxide, sodium chlorite, etc., should be used only as directed by a doctor.

Toothbrushes

The toothbrush is the main tool for removing deposits from the surface of the teeth and gums. Give preference to models with artificial fiber and pay attention to the stiffness of the bristles. Very soft options are best used during the treatment of periodontal diseases and hypersensitivity enamel. At normal condition periodontal and teeth use brushes of medium hardness. Manufacturers can combine bristles of different stiffness for more effective cleansing tooth surfaces. Don't choose a brush that's too big. Its head should cover no more than 2 teeth, then it will be easier to maneuver it. Modern models have a multi-level brush field. Straight high beams remove plaque from the interdental spaces, short - from chewing surfaces, oblique - from the cervical area. A beveled trim or a bun at the front end ensures cleaning of hard-to-reach areas. The brush field may contain additional elements: rubber inserts for polishing the surfaces of the teeth, soft massage of the gums, pads (with reverse side) for cleaning the tongue, color indicator (its change indicates the expiration date). According to the method of actuation, the brushes are divided into manual and electric. The latter are a very convenient tool for caring for your teeth. They were invented for people with impaired motor skills, but the novelty was to the taste and healthy people. Each model has its own cleaning method: for some, only the head rotates, for others, bristle bundles also make circular movements, for others, the head can also move back and forth (pulsating movements). The speed of cleaning movements is from 8 to 15 thousand per minute! In addition, you do not need to press hard on the brush to better remove plaque. Such brushes are not suitable for people with gum disease, problems with enamel - it is better for them to opt for sonic and ultrasonic models. After cleaning, the brush should be processed antiseptic or wash with soap. Store in a glass, head up. You can use special cases in which the brush is subjected to antibacterial treatment with special light radiation.

At correct use useful chewing gum. As a result of studies of anti-caries efficacy, preference is given to chewing gums with xylitol. The use of gum has been proven to have a cleansing and antimicrobial effect in the oral cavity. With prolonged and regular chewing of gum, a mechanical factor acts on the periodontal tissue, which increases blood supply. If you chew for 10 minutes 3 times a day, sugar-free chewing gum, then the nutrition of hard tissues of the teeth improves, their strength increases. But you can follow this method for no more than 4 months, then you need to take a break for 2 months. This mode is called gnatotraining.

Liquid hygiene products

The most popular among them are conditioners- represent ready solutions for rinsing the mouth, are non-alcoholic or contain from 5% to 27% ethyl alcohol which acts as a preservative. Alcohol-free products can be used by a wider range of people: children and adolescents, adults who cannot tolerate alcohol, with dryness of the oral mucosa. Rinsers have a therapeutic and prophylactic effect. They may contain fluorides - for the prevention of caries; extracts medicinal plants, essential oils, antiseptics (chlorhexidine, cetylpyridine chloride) - to reduce the formation of plaque, prevent and treat inflammation of the gums; potassium salts, aminofluorides - to reduce tooth sensitivity. Rinses are recommended to be used daily after brushing your teeth and rinsing your mouth with water. For one procedure, 10-15 ml of an undiluted solution is sufficient, which is used to rinse the mouth for 30 seconds. For greater effectiveness, alternate the use of rinses with different active ingredients. The duration of the use of antiseptics is determined by the dentist.

Elixirs are also intended for rinsing the mouth. They have a higher alcohol content (from 30% to 60%) and are used diluted. For the prevention of gum inflammation and deodorization of the oral cavity in a glass of water room temperature 15-25 drops are added, and for treatment - 30-50 drops.

And concentrates contain enough high percent ethyl alcohol. In a diluted state, they are used for rinsing with preventive purpose, and in undiluted - for treatment (by direct application to the inflamed area of ​​the oral mucosa).

Penki designed for additional cleansing of teeth after brushing them with toothpaste. Can be used after meals when a brush is not available. They usually include enzymes that facilitate the removal of plaque, as well as therapeutic and prophylactic components (calcium compounds, fluorides, plant extracts and etc.). The foam is distributed on the surface of the gums and teeth and remains in the mouth for 2-3 minutes, then the mouth is rinsed with water.

Sprays contain fragrances that freshen the breath. If plant extracts, essential oils or antiseptics are added to the sprays, it is advisable to use them when inflammatory diseases oral cavity.

Balms and tonics for gums have the form of an emulsion. These are more medicinal than hygienic. They are applied to the gum (preferably with a very soft toothbrush) when it is inflamed. It must be remembered that liquid products oral hygiene are in addition to brushing and toothpaste.

Thread (floss)

To remove plaque between teeth, it is recommended to use interdental floss. Due to its use, the risk of caries on contact surfaces can be reduced by up to 80%. Threads are used, as a rule, before going to bed. Gently brush your teeth near the gum line to sudden movement not hurt her. Dental floss is made from high quality fiber and comes in special cases to prevent contamination of the contents. Threads can be different lengths, waxed and non-waxed, round and flat, embossed, flavored, with fluorine, with chlorhexidine, etc. Waxed threads have a wax coating that prevents them from breaking and tearing, unwaxed threads are thinner, they have better cleansing properties.

professional cleaning

Dental hygienists recommend cleaning your teeth every six months in a clinic setting. Airflow method(sandblasting method) all types of plaque are removed to the limit of the enamel, the teeth become a little lighter. Tartar is removed by ultrasound. If tartar is not removed, the gums will recede, the root will be exposed and there is a risk of losing a tooth. In the clinic, the Vector apparatus is also used, which gently removes dental plaque and bacterial biofilm to the entire depth of the periodontal pocket. This method does not injure the tooth tissue and root. With the help of "Vector" cleaning is carried out under orthopedic structures and implants. In addition, the clinic can whiten your teeth. The purpose of the procedure is purely aesthetic. Thanks to modern technologies the enamel retains its original chemical composition and strength.

Whitening

Teeth whitening can help you achieve a whiter smile. A common technique is bleaching using ultraviolet lamps. Before the procedure, the teeth are subjected professional cleaning and fluoridation. A gel is applied to the teeth, which contains a 25% solution of hydrogen peroxide, under the influence of a lamp, the gel diffuses into the enamel. The principle of bleaching is the same as when lightening hair. After the procedure, the teeth are fluoridated again to protect the enamel. This technique is excellent for healthy teeth but it is recommended to do it no more than once a year. There are also intracanal methods: the canal of the tooth is opened, treated, and then a preparation is inserted there, which whitens the tooth from the inside. After a few days, it is washed out and the canal is sealed. Usually, this method used if the tooth is depulped. If the recommendations are followed, the result can last up to two years.

O white smile many dream. healthy, strong teeth are a pledge normal operation organism. The absence of oral diseases (caries, gum disease) reduces the development of diseases gastrointestinal tract. However, visiting the dentist is a rather unpleasant and expensive undertaking. To save the family budget, you need to learn how to properly care for your teeth on your own.

Keeping teeth and mouth clean

Dental care includes the following:

• brushing your teeth should be started from the smile zone, the brush should be directed from the gum to the edge;
• brush your teeth from the inside;
• purify chewing teeth reciprocating movements;
• massage the gums in a circular motion brush;
• clean the tongue from root to tip (many brushes have a special surface for this procedure);
• purify inside cheeks;
• rinse the mouth clean water;
• clean the space between the teeth with a floss;
• use rinse aid.

hygiene products

This article talks about typical ways to solve your questions, but each case is unique! If you want to know from me how to solve exactly your problem - ask your question. It's fast and free!

Oral health is the result of a complex of measures and means. The usual devices for many - a toothbrush and paste - do not clean food debris from hard-to-reach places, so you should use floss and rinse aid.

With the right personal care products, each of us is not only able to keep our mouth clean at the proper level, but also turn daily procedures into pleasure.

Toothbrush

Oral care begins with a toothbrush. It is recommended to replace it every 3 months. Brushes differ in the origin of the bristles:

• Natural. Made from materials natural origin. Bacteria and fungi can grow in them.
• Synthetic. Compensate for the disadvantages of natural.

According to the degree of hardness:

• Ultra soft. They are recommended for use with increased sensitivity of the teeth and bleeding gums.
• Soft. Suitable for cleaning children's teeth and for caring for the teeth of the elderly.
• Medium. Used for daily brushing of teeth without damaging the enamel and signs of gum disease.
• Rigid. Recommend for whitening yellow plaque and stone removal.

To maintain oral health and dental care, you can choose an electric toothbrush. She costs more regular brush but cleans better oral cavity, without much effort. These brushes come with cleansing and whitening heads that need to be changed every 3 months.

Paste

When choosing toothpaste, it is better not to rely on advertised manufacturers. Not always and high price talks about the quality of the product. Therefore, before buying a toothpaste, it is better to consult a dentist. After examining the oral cavity and determining the health of the teeth, the doctor will advise necessary remedy. It is selected depending on the condition of the teeth and the goals pursued. Pastes are of the following types:

• Hygienic. Cleanse the oral cavity from food particles, eliminate plaque and give fresh breath. May contain whitening ingredients, extracts medicinal herbs and fragrances.
• Whitening. Well cleaned yellow plaque. It is not recommended to use more than 2 times a week - frequent use may weaken the enamel.
• Therapeutic and prophylactic. Recommended for people with bleeding, inflammation of the gums and caries. They are prescribed by a dentist based on diseases of the oral cavity. There are anti-caries, anti-inflammatory and desensitizing.
• Baby. As a rule, they do not contain fluorine, dyes and other chemical additives. Suitable for cleaning milk teeth.

Dental floss

Floss is a device for caring for teeth that can clean the space between them from food debris. Threads can be made from silk or synthetic fibers. There are several types of floss:

To properly floss your teeth, wind some floss around index fingers both hands, leaving space between them. Pull the floss and put it between your teeth. Press the floss against the surface of one of the teeth and move up and down. Clean each gap with a new thread, without touching the gum.

Irrigator

An irrigator is a special device, the cleaning effect of which is achieved due to the powerful pressure of water. It is a small harvester. Recommend to people with sensitive teeth and gums when brushing with conventional methods causes pain, as well as those who have crowns or bridges. Cleansing with an irrigator is more effective, as a jet of water removes food debris and yellow plaque where it is impossible to clean with a brush (we recommend reading:). The device also massages the gums.

rinse aid

Rinses are good for freshening breath, enhancing the effect of other products and fighting diseases of the oral cavity. Their action is aimed at:

• reduction of bleeding gums;
• decrease in sensitivity;
• prevention of caries development.

When choosing a product, you need to study the composition for the presence of allergens. Rinse your mouth after brushing and flossing a small amount solution. Hold in mouth for 30 seconds. and spit.

Rules and principles of dental care

When brushing your teeth at home, you must perform following rules dental care:

• clean the tongue and the surface of the cheeks from the inside, as a large number of bacteria accumulate on them;
• maintain hygiene in the interdental space with floss and / or irrigator;
• do not add home remedies to the paste ( Activated carbon and soda) - they destroy the protective layer of enamel;
• rinse the mouth with warm clean water after each meal;
• stop smoking and drinking coffee;
• use sugar-free chewing gums - they are good at removing food debris and freshening breath;
• do not abuse sweet foods and candies;
• visit the dentist for preventive examinations every six months.

The food you eat can also affect your dental health. Raw vegetables and fruits are known to be beneficial. Other healthy foods for teeth:

Apples, lemons and grapes increase the risk of tartar. Sugary drinks and foods high in sugar can cause harm.

Children's teeth: a memo to parents

The condition of the teeth depends on their cleaning in childhood, so the oral cavity of babies needs to be looked after from the moment the milk teeth appear. The first teeth need to be thoroughly cleaned, because all processes in children's body pass quickly - the development of caries is no exception. It is connected with accelerated exchange substances.

The enamel of milk teeth is much thinner than that of adults, so it wears out quickly and is subject to caries. Toddlers cannot take care of their own oral hygiene, so they need help.

Reminder for the care of milk teeth:

• The first teeth of the baby must be cleaned with a piece of gauze or a special silicone brush that is put on the parent's finger. The use of toothpaste is not permitted.
• At the age of 2-3 years, the child should have his own toothbrush. The bristle of the first brush should be artificial and soft. The size of the head should match the size of the teeth. Recommend around 18mm.
• The paste should correspond to the age of the child, it should not contain fluorine, artificial colors, triclosan. Children's teeth need to be brushed 2 times a day: in the morning and in the evening. The duration of the procedure is at least 3 minutes.
• You need to watch your child's diet. His diet should be balanced and varied. It is necessary to include products containing calcium, potassium, protein, phosphorus, fluorine, vegetable fiber. Do not give your child sugary drinks, chocolate, candy. Sugar, which is part of their composition, destroys enamel and promotes the formation of caries.