Comfortable and highly accurate diagnosis of dental problems. Diagnostics in dentistry

The full rating of Moscow dental clinics is lovely way find clinics that offer all the modern and high-quality examination methods necessary to quickly identify all kinds of problems in oral cavity. Customer reviews in absentia will acquaint you with the professionalism of doctors and help you make the final choice.

Why is timely diagnosis of teeth so important?

First of all, due to the fact that the early stages the disease is much easier and cheaper to prevent than to restore completely destroyed teeth in the future. After conducting a study, the doctor can detect a variety of changes in the mucosa in the mouth, which is a sign of local problems or systemic diseases. Starting the examination, the dentist collects full information on which the diagnosis will be made. In more complex cases, he may need panoramic shot teeth.

The best option is to conduct an examination every six months. The dentist will conduct a detailed examination and identify the current state of the tooth enamel, mucous membrane, and teeth in general. Complex computed tomography in dentistry and radiodiagnosis with such an accurate approach, most likely it will not be required - the diseases simply do not have time to develop. However, if visits to dental clinic are irregular, then, depending on the results of the examination, the doctor may prescribe the following stages of diagnosis, using a visiograph, which is necessary in dentistry.

What are the methods of dental diagnostics?

Any examination of a patient in Moscow begins with clarification of complaints and anamnesis - the presence pain in the gum or tooth can symbolize pulpitis or deep caries. This is followed by direct examination with percussion and palpation. If necessary, the doctor may suggest doing an orthopantomogram and tomography of the teeth.

You can note the following ways for diagnostics:

X-ray of teeth - for selection optimal treatment Your dentist may suggest x-raying your tooth. This allows you to determine in more detail the presence of even the slightest and imperceptible at first glance problems. The most popular is the orthopantomogram (panoramic image). It allows you to make a competent cast of teeth, identify problems with the roots.
CT scan teeth are the most modern way diagnostics, which includes scanning even the lower part of the skull. Thanks to a directed beam of rays, the doctor receives black-and-white images of the jaw bones and soft tissues, which are sent through a data-receiving detector to a computer. After processing, an accurate and detailed picture is obtained. This method is most relevant in orthodontics.

The most important thing in medical practice, and not only in dentistry, is the correct diagnosis. A correct diagnosis is a guarantee that the patient’s further treatment will be properly planned and lead to the desired result, which means that main postulate medicine - do no harm.

AT recent times many patients have a simplified understanding of dentistry. The main reasons for this are both the huge competition between clinics in the dental market, and advertising, which, in pursuit of the “client”, promises a lot at once. At the same time, due attention is not paid to the diagnosis, and hence the correct diagnosis for the patient. This approach can be compared with the approach in cosmetology, which has little in common with medicine.

Doctors themselves are partly to blame for this simplistic understanding of dentistry. Often there are cases when doctors do not conduct diagnostics to make a diagnosis, but use, in best case, a panoramic image that is peered with an intelligent eye and immediately issued a ready-made treatment plan, and often ready to immediately begin to implement it. Thus, not only dental treatment is planned, but also the most complex manipulations, such as implantation and prosthetics. Naturally, with this approach, many nuances arise in the treatment process, and as a result, the treatment becomes unpredictable, and the result is unsatisfactory.

However, in general medicine we are not surprised that the doctor needs additional information about the ongoing disease, respectively, the patient is recommended to take tests, take pictures, get a conclusion related specialists for complete picture diseases. This is the approach that dentistry should take. There are no trifles in understanding what is happening in our patients, because often dental patients seek help at the stage when the structures of the entire dental system are involved in the pathological process and psychosomatics suffers, therefore it is so important for us to understand the root cause of the disease.

It's no secret that everything in our body is interconnected. Each tooth, being part of the dental system, through the muscles and nervous system interacts with the whole body. So every action, every medical intervention in the oral cavity must be carefully planned. And only after the final diagnosis is made, we can treat our patients, acting on the very cause of the disease, and not on the consequences of the disease.

Based on this, in my practice I use diagnostics with each patient, as this is the standard in modern medicine.

So, diagnostics allows us to put correct diagnosis, in addition, it allows you to exclude and accompanying illnesses starting from neurological diseases and diseases of the ENT organs and ending with problems with posture.

When carrying out standard diagnostic stages, we receive individual data, and only by analyzing them in a complex, we make a diagnosis. I call this approach individual. As a rule, my consultation begins with personal communication. I consider this very important, because for me it is necessary to find a personal contact with the patient. Mutual trust is possible only through close contact, and this is often the key to successful diagnosis and further treatment. The questionnaire that I fill out with the patient allows you to find out detailed information about his real state of health, as well as to analyze his subjective feelings about his ongoing illness.

PALPATION

The muscles of the head and neck are directly connected with the entire dental system. When I analyze their condition, and also identify the difference in the work of the same name from different sides. Bilateral comparative palpation at rest and during contractions gives an idea of disharmonious functional processes at work. muscular system. This is essential for understanding the problems that our patients often face. Knowing the anatomy and physiology, namely where this or that muscle is located and where it pulls, we can find out the cause of the violation in the entire dental system. Revealing pathological signs in the work of muscles, we receive valuable information that we have yet to analyze and compare with other diagnostic data.

EVALUATION OF OCCLUSION (BITE) AND INSPECTION

Indicators of occlusion and articulation are recorded on special wax plates. They are marked various movements mandible such as strong compression (brux), laterurotrusive guides (jaw movement to the side), retrusion and protrusion guides (forward and backward movements), maximum tooth contact at rest (no strong compression, ICP). This method is very simple and informative for understanding the biomechanics of the patient's articulation. For example, it is very important to define a super-contact, various features erasing facets, determining the teeth that dominate in the direction during certain movements, etc.

Of course, a standard examination is also necessary, where we obtain data on the vitality and integrity of the teeth, on the restorations of the teeth and their quality, on the presence removable dentures. It is mandatory to assess the periodontal status of the patient - his hygiene and the condition of the mucosa are very important information for us. There are a number of typical changes in the periodontium with bite problems. All information received is carefully analyzed and compared with articulation data.

PHOTOLOG

Photography is an essential and very main part diagnostics.

The whole process is carried out strictly according to the protocol, which allows not to miss even the slightest detail. I divide into extra- and intraoral pictures. In portrait shots, the position of the head is always photographed in the same positions.

Analysis of the patient's appearance can give the doctor a large number of information: tension in the muscles of the head and neck, asymmetry, proportions of the third of the face, features of appearance, etc.

Intraoral photos are needed to analyze the ratio of the jaws, the position of the teeth, the presence of abrasion and abfraction ( wedge-shaped defects) etc. Standardization of the process allows you to evaluate the intermediate results in the course of treatment, as well as fix initial situation in the oral cavity, so we can evaluate the quality of treatment at all stages.

MODELS

Obligatory and very important diagnostic process is taking casts and making models. The resulting high-quality image of the patient's jaws is cast in special device- articulator. It allows you to accurately reproduce the position upper jaw and as close to reality as possible to show the movements of the bottom. In addition, having received condylography data, we can adjust the articulator for each patient according to individual parameters, which have their own values for each person. Thus, we get a complete picture of the patient's dental system.

From the point of view of diagnostics, it is extremely important not only to obtain models, as a display of the patient's teeth, but also their ratio, that is, bite. Maximum contact between the teeth does not give an exhaustive understanding of the full picture. It is very important to determine the unforced posterior position of the lower jaw, where we register the first contact between the teeth when closing. This position of the lower jaw is called the original. Having determined the initial position, we get the true ratio of the jaws, which may not coincide with the maximum contact between the teeth. Analysis of the initial position and its comparison with other diagnostic data give us information about the causes pathological process occurring in the patient.

CONDYLOGRAPHY

Condylography is a method of instrumental analysis of the TMJ (temporomandibular joint). In this study, we accurately register the trajectories of movement in the joint, and also obtain data on all the most important parameters of the entire dentoalveolar system. Analysis of the data obtained during condylography makes it easier to carry out differential diagnosis, and also allows you to identify dysfunction of the dentoalveolar system. This method should not be carried out and analyzed in isolation, but only in combination with all diagnostic stages.

It is a non-invasive research method, which greatly simplifies its use, but requires certain training and knowledge from the doctor. Thus, if there is an experienced specialist this method is highly accurate and informative. Identification of symptoms of disorders during the study allows the doctor to accurately fix them in the system, which greatly increases the effectiveness of treatment. Not one other even invasive method doesn't give us that option.

The orthopedic doctor can use the individual data about the patient obtained during the study not only for staging accurate diagnosis or differential diagnosis, but also for further prosthetics and rehabilitation of the patient. This is how we can adjust the articulator (let me remind you that this is an apparatus that simulates the main movements in the dental system), according to the parameters of a particular patient. This setting is called customization. Knowledge of the main indicator - the sagittal articular path, allows the doctor to plan and calculate such important indicators as the occlusal plane, the angle of deocclusion and the slope of each cusp of the teeth.

Planning and rehabilitation of patients according to their individual parameters allows the orthopedist to do their job as accurately and competently as possible.

ADDITIONAL DIAGNOSIS IN DENTISTRY

In modern medicine, the necessary Additional information The doctor receives about the patient thanks to such methods as:

computed tomography (CT)
magnetic resonance imaging of the TMJ (MRI)
teleroentgenogram (TRG)
orthopantomogram (OPTG)
electromyography, etc.

TRG - TELERENTGENOGRAM

Analysis of direct and lateral radiographs (TRG) is the main method for obtaining data on the skeletal structures and contour of the patient's soft tissues. AT orthopedic dentistry cephalometric analysis is performed according to a standardized technique, which allows for more accurate treatment planning, as well as for a qualitatively better high level interact between doctors, such as orthodontists. Conducting a TRG analysis is essential for the entire restorative dentistry team.

MRI - MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF THE TMJ

MRI is the most important tool for the analysis of soft tissues and articular structures. In dysfunctional conditions, this method is indispensable. However, a lot depends on the interpretation of the images of the laboratory assistant.

CT - COMPUTED TOMOGRAM

CT is a mandatory method additional diagnostics. This study carried out by me for staging preliminary diagnosis in dysfunctional conditions, as well as in planning complex rehabilitation with dental implants.

Modern devices allow you to create three-dimensional images. Better visualization and image quality help in communication with the patient and make the doctor's work more accurate and visual.

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Works in our center modern method diagnostics in dentistry - computer radiovisiography.

The newest, most modern radiovisiograph to date. Radiation dose is kept to a minimum through the use of advanced high-frequency technology and the use of a constant potential (perfect quality + constant reliability). The radiation dose is 30% lower compared to others. The new sensor installed in the sensor with a fiber optic filter provides larger size pictures by enlarging them diagnostic value. The software, being essentially a standard for similar systems, has all the necessary resources for making an accurate diagnosis, printing and subsequent archiving of images.

radiovisiograph is a sensor that converts x-rays in digital image. The device consists of a sensor and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The image is formed on the sensor, after which it is transmitted to the computer through the ADC. The doctor receives pictures almost instantly and has wide opportunities viewing, processing, storage. Like any digital image, a snapshot can be transferred over the network, for example, to consult with other specialists.

X-ray helps to determine the change in bone tissue, helps to determine the number of roots, root canals, their patency, the degree of curvature, the presence of canopies over the mouths of the canals, the relationship with adjacent formations: maxillary sinus, submandibular canal. Sometimes diagnostic images are taken from different angles to identify an additional channel. X-ray examination is especially important for re-treatment to determine the degree of obturation root canal, detection of possible perforation of the tooth cavity, withdrawal filling material for the top of the root, etc.

In the process of endodontic treatment, the doctor, using the X-ray method of examination, controls the depth and degree of mechanical processing of the root canals, the density of the obturation.

At certain stages of treatment, electrometric method using an apex locator. The device determines the position of the instrument in the canal, its exit beyond the apex, the presence of perforation. The apex locator helps to control the change in working length during the instrumentation of curved canals. The electrometric method can be used in case of difficulties in determining the position of the apex X-ray method. The use of an apex locator, as a rule, allows you to reliably control the passage and expansion of the root canal.

In conclusion of the foregoing about the role of X-ray examination, it is necessary to cite the words of A.G. Predtechensky: "A small snapshot was, is and remains the mainmeans of diagnostics in dentistry in the near future. The number of images per patient that are made today in our country during the provision of dental care, is clearly not enough, based on the experience of organizing dental care abroad. The small number of shots is explained low level responsibility of dentists to the patient and to insurance companies.

« Private practice Irina Zaitseva" offers you full complex diagnostic services. In our clinic, you can undergo an examination of any complexity using the highest quality equipment, namely:

radiographic study. This is the easiest thing to do if you're worried. toothache. The Kodak/CS 2100 intraoral x-ray machine will allow us to take the most informative pictures, which, in turn, will allow the doctor to quickly understand the essence of the problem and save you from it.
panoramic shot. In many cases, the doctor needs to see the condition of the oral cavity as a whole - for example, this must be done before implantation, surgical, orthopedic and orthodontic treatment. Orthopantomograph Orthophos XG5 allows you to make the most complex images of teeth, jaw joints, oral cavity with highest resolution. These pictures do not require long procedure developments are immediately displayed on the screen and subsequently stored in the patient's medical history.
snapshot of a tooth. This study is performed if it is necessary to assess the condition of a particular tooth, adjacent gums and surrounding bone tissue in the presence of caries, cysts, granulomas, gingival and bone pockets or dental trauma. The clinic "Private practice of Irina Zaitseva" uses the IRIX 70 CCX visiograph for these purposes.
diagnosis of periodontal disease. Even visible changes not yet in the oral cavity, periodontal disease may already take place - be on initial stage development. The study "in the old fashioned way" - manual probing - in this case does not give informative results. And if the disease progresses and inflammatory process active, then such manipulation will also be extremely painful. The Florida Probe system used in Irina Zaitseva's Private Practice operates differently. Light touches of the electronic sensor are painless for the patient, but at the same time they give an accurate and complete clinical picture.
tomographic study. The PaX-i3D dental tomograph will allow our specialists to literally look inside the tooth and thoroughly examine the state of all surrounding tissues. All problems are at a glance - which means that the treatment will be fast, accurate and effective!