What should be done in case of food poisoning? Stories from our readers Recovery period after poisoning

Probably, there is no such person who at least once in his life did not receive “food poisoning” as a gift with all the ensuing consequences. Moreover, quite rapidly flowing. So what do you do about food poisoning? How to help yourself without resorting to serious medications?

Naturally, when I write this article, I do not take into account the poisoning of young children, poisoning that occurs with severe toxic damage, high fever, loss of consciousness, convulsions, uncontrollable vomiting or diarrhea.

By the way, if we have already started talking about toxic manifestations and signs of food poisoning, then here are its main symptoms:

Food poisoning - symptoms in an adult

• pain, spasms in the epigastrium, and then along the intestines;
• nausea, vomiting;
• diarrhea;
• feeling of fullness in the abdomen, gases;
• headache, dizziness, weakness;
• visual disturbances - fog, double vision, blurry objects;
• it is possible to increase the temperature, as a rule, up to 38 degrees, chills.

Signs of poisoning food, when it is necessary to call doctors and provide resuscitation measures - loss of consciousness, lowering blood pressure, convulsions.

The question is often asked How quickly does food poisoning manifest itself?? - In different ways, it depends on the resistance of the body, the amount eaten, the type of toxins. The average time is from 2 hours to a day.

Another question - is there always diarrhea when poisoning? - No, not always, sometimes, even with severe poisoning, there is chills, nausea, severe weakness, bloating, but a person cannot vomit and empty himself on his own. And in this case, the situation is even more serious, there is no outflow of infected contents, intoxication is growing ...

In principle, everyone is still able to assess whether he can try to cope with the problem himself or need to urgently call ambulance and go to the infectious disease department.

It just often happens like this ... A friend grabbed his stomach, a couple of times he ran to the toilet, and immediately calls an ambulance, and then safely refuses to go to the hospital. A PTI or OGE center is hung at the clinic, and a uniform pandemonium begins - taking smears for flora three times, a daily visit to the therapist, temperature sheets, taking smears again, reports to the SES ... Not enough in this case will not seem to anyone!

So, if, nevertheless, the problem is banal food poisoning we decide for ourselves ... Our conversation is about the treatment of food poisoning in adults at home and about first aid in this situation.

First aid for food poisoning at home

First urgent care in case of any acute poisoning, it consists in immediate gastric lavage.

• If you suspect that food poisoning is recent, the first thing to do is we wash the stomach a weak solution of potassium permanganate,.

It is done elementarily, although disgustingly - a couple is drunk, three glasses of this pink water and two fingers in the mouth, pressing on the root of the tongue. However, sometimes it’s enough just to drink the solution, and the body itself will say: “Be”.

Gotta accept Activated carbon(1 tablet per 10 kg of weight). Sometimes, after taking coal, the urge to vomit again appears, it is advisable to endure them, at least for twenty to thirty minutes, if possible, coal begins to actively adsorb from the first minutes of exposure.
Then, after vomiting, about half an hour later, when everything calms down, the colic in the stomach will pass, try to take coal again. As a rule, the second attempt is more successful and activated charcoal begins its journey through the gastrointestinal tract.

• In the meantime, we will rest, because, as a rule, poisoning is accompanied by common symptoms - weakness. Rag with salt cool water just perfect to accompany such a "rest".

Salt draws toxins on itself, coolness soothes and relieves, which is natural, because no one wants to get sick.

• Then the most important drink and drink again .

First clean water, then in the absence backlash, you can try weak tea with, herbal infusions with anti-inflammatory herbs, such as chamomile. So, drink as much as you like, but do not eat! Even if you already wanted to!

In such cases, the most is a water-tea break! (24 or 36 hours) will get you back in shape much faster than if you only diet after poisoning.

And even more so, I do not advise anyone, even if wellness, after a couple of hours, start eating as usual. With all the frills and...

I summarize first aid for poisoning should be fast, the toxins continue to be absorbed and carry out their poisoning effect while you are thinking and panicking, ideally so that each person knows in advance how to act in such an emergency.

Food poisoning - treatment with sorbents

How do you usually start treating poisoning at home?

Those who trust pharmacology more drink sorbents in case of food poisoning smecta, enterosgel , polyphepan, polysorb , bred rehydron to reduce dehydration processes. But it's not much better than activated charcoal and water, simple pure water... In general, everyone chooses for themselves. “Woman, religion, road…”

More complex and expensive medicine does not guarantee greater efficiency. I gave smecta on the recommendation of the pediatrician to my child, he continued to vilify, as he vilified. But after coal and a slight refusal of food, everything quickly went smoothly. Yes, children themselves refuse food in this state.

And many mothers immediately begin to panic: “My child is starving, something must be done urgently, how will he, the poor child, fight toxins if he misses a full three-course meal!” And they feed the dodging child with all sorts of tricks and jokes, thereby prolonging his torment.

Indeed, with good intentions, the road is paved ...

More medicines for poisoning

Prevention of food poisoning

Naturally, the one who has experienced everything at least once unpleasant symptoms poisoning, does not want to relive them again, so you should play ahead of the curve and protect yourself from repetition. The following table gives the 10 most fundamental rules for the prevention of poisoning:

What can you eat with poisoning? The question is rhetorical.

Directly with all the beauty of the symptoms of poisoning - nothing, you can not eat until the toxins are completely removed from the patient's body!

And what to use when it becomes a little better, how to fully restore the stomach after poisoning?

Food that helps after food intoxication:

• Tea, crackers, dried bread.
• Works great for fixing rice. Better not polished, more benefits.
• Oatmeal, enveloping and soothing the stomach.
• Kiseli, oatmeal, infusions of wild rose.
• Mashed potatoes, boiled vegetables veggie soups...

This is somewhat different from exiting because the main thing there is - cleansing , and are used fresh vegetables as a "panicle" from deposits of unnecessary deposits, and in the case of food poisoning and its treatment, comes first detoxification . Moreover, detoxification of the inflamed gastrointestinal tract!

Here we choose calm dishes, enveloping, without spices. And in small quantities, let the meals be more frequent if you want to eat, but little by little.

If you don’t feel like eating at all, then for the first 2-3 days this should not bother us at all, the body needs to direct its forces not to digestion processes, but to self-healing (which is more successful in an unloaded state).

Now you know what to do in case of food poisoning, how to provide first aid to yourself and loved ones, how and how to treat severe poisoning, what to take to improve the condition. Good health to you! May spoiled food pass you by!

People quite often prefer to be treated at home, and for any illness, if their condition is not entirely critical, and even during food poisoning, home treatment is more the norm than the exception.

Direct poisoning itself is acute disorder in the digestive system, malfunction of the intestines and stomach, which is caused by the ingestion of poor-quality or spoiled products.

It is not difficult to recognize this unpleasant ailment, it is difficult to ignore it. But quite often, especially in summer period, people confuse with it a simple intestinal malaise.

signs

Of course, clinical picture this unpleasant illness may have individual characteristics, depending on the health, the toxin that has entered the body and, mainly, the age of the affected person. But general symptoms and signs of food poisoning in children and adults are the same:

• long severe nausea, a person literally “turns out”;
• muscle spasms in the stomach and intestines;
• uncontrollable vomiting;
• diarrhea or diarrhea with pain in the intestines and a specific "sick" smell;
• rapid growth body temperature indicator;
• general weakness, especially in children, it can be difficult to just get out of bed;
• dizziness, sometimes incoordination and fainting, which is caused by dehydration;
• sharp drop pressure, this is typical mainly for the elderly;
• shaking, convulsions and other manifestations of disturbances in the functions nervous system caused by general destabilization in the body.

Types of poisoning

Before independent actions aimed at treating food poisoning and their consequences, it must be remembered that the classification of this ailment implies two types:

1. Acute food toxicosis and toxicological infections.
2. Toxic species poisoning.

People get the first type of illness through the fault of poor-quality or expired, spoiled products, food contaminated with various microorganisms. Often, food poisoning of a microbial or bacteriological type can manifest itself in a "response" to non-observance of normal hygiene and basic sanitation, such as washing hands before eating.

This is what becomes the most common cause of poisoning during snacks along the way, food fast food, all kinds of burgers, shawarma and the rest of the assortment of stalls. It is quite possible to cope with this type of ailment on your own, turning to a doctor only if necessary, if indigestion is extremely difficult.

Poisoning of non-microbial origin, belonging to the second type, occurs when poisons and poisonous substances enter the body. toxic substances, for example, when eating inedible mushrooms, berries or chemicals, the same pills.

If there is an idea that the disorder can be precisely for such reasons, you need to urgently consult a doctor. Intoxication, which is not bacterial in nature, is not treated at home, only under the supervision of specialists in stationary conditions.

Also, if poisoning occurs during breastfeeding for both mother and baby, medical professional assistance is a must. This situation does not allow self-treatment, since they can harm both the mother and the baby.

First aid

Faced with misfortune, people are often lost and may not immediately figure out how to act and what to do in case of food poisoning in the first place.

The main thing for first aid for food poisoning is to wash the victim's stomach. While the stomach is full guilty of disorder food products, intoxication of the human body continues and its condition, accordingly, worsens.

It is quite simple to free the body from the remnants of food:

• drink one and a half to two liters warm water;
• wait a few minutes;
• induce vomiting;
• repeat until no more food comes out.

Instead of empty water, it makes sense to use a manganese solution, it helps additionally by disinfecting the stomach and esophagus walls. It is important that the resulting mixture be light, that is, the main thing when preparing this solution is not to overdo it with the amount of potassium permanganate.

1. In adults - a tablespoon per couple of liters of warm water.
2. The child has a dessert spoon or one and a half teaspoon per two liters, but at a time the baby will drink only a liter to induce vomiting.

The point in using soda is that it washes away the mucosa already containing toxins from the walls of the esophagus and stomach. But, quite a few people do not tolerate soda, and if its amount in solution is exaggerated, there is a risk of provoking the manifestation of gastritis.

Treatment

After the stomach is washed, it is necessary to start treatment. Main medical care with food poisoning at home - this is the intake of sorbents.

The most famous, affordable and in demand of them is, of course, activated carbon. The composition of this unique and very ancient medicine of completely natural origin:

• coke products;
• recycled wood;
• shells of walnuts, hazelnuts, coconuts and other nuts.

This sorbent can be given to pregnant women, women who are breastfeeding (gf) can be given to a child. But, as with any drug, it is important to correctly calculate the dosage.

This drug dosed elementarily - 1 tablet for every 10 kg of a person's weight, pregnant and lactating 1.5 charcoal pucks per 10 kg.

How to treat charcoal poisoning is also not difficult:

1. Calculate the required number of tablets, taking into account the weight and general state sick person.
2. Mash the coal, dilute the resulting powder in half a glass of warm water, a larger volume of water will provoke nausea.
3. Drink the medicine 4-6 times a day for three days, and in the future - depending on the patient's well-being, the most for a long time for the withdrawal of toxic substances and the normalization of digestion - this is one week.

It is not necessary to crush the tablets, but given the esophagus weakened by vomiting and difficulty in swallowing reflex, it will be easier for a sick person to take a solution than hard washers.

Situational tasks that arise in any illness sometimes require a quick solution, even if it is eating disorder. For fast, safe and not implying bed rest solving the problem, you can take a sorbent alternative to the usual coal - white coal.

Its dosage is for an adult from 2 to 5 tablets at a time 2-3 times a day, when taking, you need to focus on the severity of the condition.

Here's what else to take when treating at home is necessary for a faster recovery:

• lactofiltrum;
• smecta;
• enterosgel.

These drugs also have a sorbent effect, and their intake must be carried out, guided by the instructions attached to the drugs. However, no matter what drugs are chosen, one should always read the paragraphs in the annotations that tell how the drugs are combined with each other.

After the first needed help, treatment is determined and started, a number of other questions arise:

1. When and what you can eat after poisoning.
2. After how many hours the effect of the treatment appears.
3. What else needs to be done to help the poisoned organism.

The answer to these questions is also easy.

As a rule, in the first day, the patient does not want and cannot eat. To maintain the body, it will be very useful to drink vegetable or cereal broths, without spices, slightly salted.

As soon as such a symptom as vomiting disappears, you need to start eating - liquid mashed potatoes, the same gruel from other vegetables, liquid cereals on the water - rice or buckwheat. Food should be lean, free of oil and flavors, easy to swallow and digest.

In how you need to eat on the first day after poisoning and at the beginning of the second day, experts do not have a common opinion, but agree on prohibitions:

• Nothing extreme is allowed - pickles or marinades will lead to severe spasms.
• All dairy food is banned - it will return diarrhea and nausea.

Gradually, with the improvement of well-being, food should become more familiar. Usually, by the end of the week, food after poisoning is no longer relevant.

What can you eat after poisoning and what is better to drink:

1. Tea without sugar.
2. Cereal and vegetable broths without oil and spices.
3. Liquid vegetable puree and porridge.
4. Decoctions of chamomile, wild rose or St. John's wort.
5. Still mineral water.
6. Crackers or cookies without butter, sugar, additives - homemade is better.
7. Blueberry or cherry jelly, preferably unsweetened.
8. By the end of the third day, boiled chicken and chicken broth.

It is impossible in the first 3-4 days:

1. Dairy.
2. Meat.
3. Eggs.
4. Salted and marinated.
5. Apples and other fruits.

An obligatory moment in the patient's diet is drinking, because the process of intoxication leads to severe dehydration. Very good to drink often small quantities a decoction of wild rose berries is a product that helps to recover and has an independent healing effect.

Preventive measures

Prevention of food poisoning and intestinal infections becomes relevant for any person who has ever experienced a very unpleasant moments food or drink poisoning.

The actions to be taken on a subconscious level and made into a habit are simple:

• Wash hands - before eating and preparing food, during cooking, when changing products, after returning from the street or using the toilet.
• In the hot season, it is better to use disposable paper towels in the kitchen or change woven ones daily.
• Carefully get acquainted with the expiration dates and storage conditions of all purchased products, for example, many ketchup spoils without a refrigerator.
• It is good to work out meat, poultry, fish and eggs - a steak with blood, of course, is beautiful, but it can put you to bed with a diagnosis, after which there comes a completely unromantic pastime.
• Do not forget to change the washing sponges without waiting for them to wear out, but it is better to wash the dishes with brushes, which are then rinsed from food debris.
• To ensure and make a habit of hygiene and sanitation not only in the kitchen, but in general in everyday life and behavior.
• Do not eat in dubious establishments or on the go, dirty hands.
• Do not drink juices whose packaging is swollen.

Food poisoning and its prevention are today a hot topic for doctors, teachers in schools, educators and nannies in kindergartens and simply in many families. However, it is important not only to know preventive measures but also observe them in order to avoid unpleasant consequences.

Video: food poisoning.

food infections

However, as well as poisoning, symptoms of any of the the following diseases:

1. Dysentery.
2. Salmonellosis.
3. Botulism.
4. Orthoviruses.
5. intestinal flu.
6. Enteroviruses.
7. Rotaviruses.
8. Typhoid fever.

These diseases require hospitalization, but their first manifestations are disguised as simple poisoning by spoiled food. You need to start worrying and call doctors when:

• not passing at all measures taken vomiting for more than three hours;
• diarrhea with blood;
• diarrhea lasting over six hours;
• raising the temperature to 38 and not falling below 37 during the day;
• not passing severe pain in the intestines;
• progressive weakness and fainting.

Also, doctors should always immediately be called to babies under five years old, pregnant women and very elderly people.

While food poisoning can be successfully treated at home, it's always best to be on the safe side and avoid it by following basic sanitation practices and using the usual precautions.

In case of intoxication, it is important to start carrying out activities aimed at removing harmful substances from the body, so the question of what drugs can be taken in case of poisoning at home is very relevant.

Why you can get food poisoning

Under food intoxication It is customary to understand the violation of the functions of organs and systems caused by the ingress of toxins or poisons. By severity There are three types of poisoning: severe, moderate and lung.

The most common pathogens include:

• clostridium perfringens, enters the body as a result of poor-quality processing of meat, poultry, fish;
• Staphylococcus aureus, actively multiplies when room temperature. The most likely habitats are salads, dairy products, cakes, pastes, sauces;
• bacillus cereus, all perishable products that have not been provided with storage at temperatures up to 6 ° C are susceptible.

Particularly dangerous natural and chemical toxins that can cause food poisoning in the home are found in poisonous mushrooms and berries, low-quality, expired food. Poisoning can also be caused by carelessly washed fruits and vegetables, which were previously treated with pesticides used to fertilize plants. Alcohol, surrogates can also be attributed to the same category. Yes, there are cases deaths from poisoning methyl alcohol. Food chemical intoxication occurs when vinegar enters the stomach.

Symptoms of food poisoning:

1. Bacterial: vomiting, nausea, abdominal pain and colic, diarrhea.
2. Viral: fever, chills, trembling, stomach pain, vomiting, fever.
3. Chemical: increased sweating, dizziness, vomiting, diarrhea, salivation, eye pain.
4. Botulism: the central nervous system is affected, vomiting, dry mouth, weakness appear.

If you suspect food poisoning, you should immediately consult a doctor, especially if it concerns children. However, access to medical care is not always available.

At acute pathology must be taken emergency measures, including gastric lavage, taking sorbent drugs and restoring water-salt balance. It is of great importance to organize the right diet food. The final stage treatment - restorative procedures, including taking multivitamin complexes. As a rule, recovery occurs in 3-5 days.

Clinical picture of food poisoning

The first symptoms of the disease appear during the first 2-6 hours after eating an infected or poor quality food. With severe food poisoning Clinical signs may develop in the first hours.

Please note that in the case of botulism, the first signs of the disease may develop after 1-2 days.

In case of food poisoning, the following symptoms develop:

• nausea followed by vomiting. Vomit may consist of the remnants of food eaten, bile, gastric juice. Vomiting brings temporary relief, but then the nausea returns;
• abdominal pain can be localized in the stomach or be of the type of intestinal colic;
• an increase in body temperature is possible with intestinal infection or with the development of inflammatory complications such as gastritis, pancreatitis, cholecystitis. With salmonellosis, it can rise to 39.5 degrees;
• diarrhea develops in the first hours of the disease. With salmonellosis, the stool is frothy, greenish, and with dysentery - watery, streaked with blood. Diarrhea may be accompanied by abdominal cramps. profuse diarrhea leads to a rapid increase in dehydration;
• flatulence and increased gas discharge is accompanied by pain in the intestinal area;
• general weakness, dizziness accompany intoxication syndrome. The patient becomes lethargic, drowsy;
• tachycardia (rapid heartbeat), hypotension (decreased arterial pressure) - features toxic effect on the body of food and fluid loss. In case of poisoning by some types of fungi, an increase in blood pressure. With severe dehydration, the pulse becomes weak, arrhythmic;
• respiratory failure develops with intoxication of the body. The person breathes often, superficially, complains of shortness of breath;
• convulsions throughout the body, similar to epileptic seizure are characteristic of damage to the nervous system by toxins. This is possible with intoxication with mushrooms, fish, alcohol;
• impaired consciousness, deep coma - signs serious condition sick. They develop with acute poisoning, infectious-toxic shock.

Please note that in small children the condition worsens faster than in adults. Their body is very difficult to cope with toxins and loss of fluid, electrolytes.

What is the danger of food poisoning

Many are used to considering food poisoning as a harmless and trifling condition in which you do not need to seek medical help. Really, mild poisoning in most cases does not pose a danger to human life, but only a doctor after examining a patient can specifically assess the severity of the disease and the condition of the patient.

The following are conditions that often develop against a background of severe food poisoning:

• Infectious-toxic shock is a condition caused by severe intoxication and copious loss liquids. Shock is accompanied by disruption of cardio-vascular system, respiration, brain and kidneys.
• Acute gastritis develops with severe poisoning of the stomach with toxins. The mucous membrane of this organ becomes inflamed. The patient's temperature rises, the condition worsens.
• Acute pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas. The patient feels unbearable girdle pain in the abdomen, he has uncontrollable vomiting, the level of glucose in the blood may decrease and bruises appear on the skin near the navel. The temperature rises above 38 degrees. This condition requires urgent surgical intervention.
• Acute violation of the kidneys is accompanied by a decrease in the amount of urine, swelling, pain in the lower back.
• Gastrointestinal bleeding is a complication of food poisoning that often occurs in patients with chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer. Black vomiting and stool develops, severe weakness, pale skin, tachycardia.

Cleansing the body

These procedures are necessary, it is with them that treatment for food poisoning should begin. The purpose of manipulation is to help the stomach get rid of food debris that caused intoxication and harmful toxins.

Even if poisoning is accompanied severe vomiting, this is not enough to completely cleanse the body. She will have to be called naturally using a special solution.

Washing should take place in the following order:

1. Prepare a solution of potassium permanganate (water should be pale pink). In the absence of potassium permanganate, you can use the usual drinking soda(1 tablespoon per 2 liters of boiled water at room temperature).
2. Drink 300-400 ml of solution.
3. induce vomiting by artificial means by pressing the fingers on the root of the tongue.
4. Repeat the procedure a few more times. The number of doses of the solution drunk at a time should be at least 500 ml.

Together with the first vomiting, the main part of the food will come out, but the gastric lavage can be stopped only when the liquid ejected from the stomach becomes absolutely clean and transparent.

The absence of the urge to vomit means that the product that caused the poisoning has moved from the stomach to the intestines. In this case, the washing procedure is already ineffective and meaningless.

Diarrhea, like vomiting, is nothing but defensive reaction body for toxins that have entered the gastrointestinal tract. Some patients make the common mistake of trying to medicines, for example, imodium and its analogues, stop this phenomenon. It should be understood that diarrhea is the fastest and effective method get rid of harmful substances. Delay stool will lead to the fact that the processes of absorption toxic poisons and their decay will continue, therefore, the patient's condition will worsen. The question of taking antidiarrheal drugs can only be decided by the attending physician.

If the patient does not have diarrhea, you need to call it with laxatives or enemas. But folk remedies that can provoke diarrhea, it is better not to use it so as not to aggravate the course of the disease.

Reception of sorbents

The next step in the treatment of food poisoning is the introduction of sorbent preparations into the body. The action of these funds is aimed at absorbing harmful elements into themselves. contained in the stomach, and their speedy excretion.

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61 years old

The most common sorbent used for intoxication is activated charcoal. This medicine in the form of standard black tablets can be found in any home first aid kit and it helps a lot with poisoning. Coal should be used at the rate of one tablet per 10 kilograms of weight. The medicine can be taken in two ways: chew and drink large quantity liquid or diluted in boiled water.

In case of poisoning, you can also take white activated charcoal, which is available in tablets or powder. It is believed that, unlike black, it removes toxins, but does not affect useful elements that are in the body.

Another advantage white sorbent is the dosage: 2-3 tablets are sufficient (depending on age and individual characteristics patient, degree of poisoning).

• smecta;
• enterosgel;
• lactofiltrum;
• attapulgite;
• polysorb;
• polyphepan.

Data medicines contribute rapid withdrawal toxic substances by adsorption. They should be used in the interval between taking other drugs, in the period of absence of vomiting.. Contraindications for admission similar drugs relate heat, gastric ulcer. The elderly and young children should be used with caution, after consulting a doctor.

Restoration of water-salt balance

Vomiting and diarrhea are natural reaction body for toxins, nevertheless contribute to the elimination useful substances and liquids. It must be replenished. During illness the patient should drink a lot to maintain water balance . Best for this purpose mineral water without gas.

To maintain electrolyte balance, drinking water with a small amount of water is recommended. table salt(not marine). The solution is prepared from 1 liter of water and 1 tsp. salt. At least 2-2.5 liters of salted water should be drunk per day. At the same time, you must comply certain rule: a glass of water an hour before a meal, after a meal you can not drink for an hour. Thus, the stomach will be prepared for next appointment food and begin to properly secrete gastric juice.

To restore the mineral balance, the use of rehydron and oralit preparations is indicated.(contain trace elements, glucose and salts).

In case of poisoning, you can also drink weak sweet black or green tea, a decoction of chamomile or rose hips.

Medical treatment for poisoning

After cleansing the body for recovery intestinal microflora regenerative therapy with probiotics is indicated. Normal intestinal biocenosis after intoxication is almost always disturbed, therefore after recovery, it is recommended to take medications containing beneficial bacteria . These include Hilak Forte, Lineks, Bionorm, Bioflor.

If food poisoning is accompanied by fever, antipyretic drugs (ibuprofen, paracetamol) should be taken.

Self-medication is dangerous! Antibiotics, pain medications, as well as specific drugs (antiemetics and antidiarrheals, etc.) are prescribed by a doctor!

Therapeutic diet

During the period acute intoxication the patient, as a rule, does not feel the desire to eat. However, this does not mean that he should refuse to eat. A weakened body needs strength to fight the disease. Besides the stomach and intestines cannot fully restore the epithelium without food is problematic. Of course, neither an adult nor a child who does not want to eat can be forced, but specially in medicinal purposes hunger is not practiced.

During poisoning, a strict diet should be followed, since the gastrointestinal tract does not work properly and cannot cope with large amounts of food.

During the period of poisoning are prohibited:

• fatty, salty, heavy foods;
• dairy products, including milk;
• products fast food, semi-finished products;
• alcohol;
• sauces, ketchup, mayonnaise;
• fruits, vegetables, raw berries;
• sweet.

You need to eat 5 times a day, in small portions. Food must be boiled or steamed. Fried food is excluded.

The patient's diet should consist of:

• mashed potatoes on water, without oil;
• boiled rice;
• oatmeal, semolina porridge (on the water);
• chicken meat;
• crackers, biscuit cookies;
• low-fat broths.

It is allowed to use bananas as fruits enriched nutrients, and watermelons, which have a diuretic effect.

When is hospitalization necessary?

Food poisoning is successfully treated at home, but in some cases, qualified health care. Hospitalization is indicated for children under the age of three. In children, intoxication treatment should be carried out only under the supervision of medical personnel., as diarrhea and vomiting will very quickly lead to dehydration. small child it is almost impossible to force him to drink, and in the hospital he will be given intravenous rehydration solutions. Pregnant women and the elderly are also hospitalized.

Treatment in a hospital setting is indicated for:

• intoxication caused by poisonous plants and mushrooms;
• severe form of poisoning;
• diarrhea (more than 10-12 times a day);
• high temperature;
• diarrhea with blood;
• persistent vomiting;
• an increase in the symptoms of the disease;
• bloating;
• loss of consciousness;
• excessive weakness.

With any of these signs, you should immediately call an ambulance team.

Recovery period after poisoning

Any poisoning is stressful for all organs and systems. It is important to know what to do after poisoning. When you leave the hospital, your doctor will give you advice on proper nutrition and outpatient treatment.

In the first 2 weeks, the patient should follow a diet, stop smoking, drinking alcohol, fried, smoked, fatty and spicy.

To restore the intestinal microflora, probiotics are prescribed - preparations that contain beneficial bacteria. In case of complications (gastritis, cholecystitis), they are treated.

Folk remedies for food poisoning

Folk methods of dealing with intoxication have not been canceled, however they should be used after consulting a doctor and only when mild degree poisoning.

Infusion of cinnamon

Cinnamon is a natural antispasmodic and natural absorbent. Cinnamon infusion is prepared as follows: pour a pinch of dried and crushed bark into 250 ml hot water let it brew for 15-20 minutes. Strained broth to drink during the day in small doses. The recommended volume is 1.5 liters.

A decoction of yarrow and wormwood

Medicinal plants that effectively cleanse the stomach of toxins, brew 1 tablespoon, pour a liter of boiling water. Let it brew for 15 minutes, strain. Broth divided by 5 equal parts, drink throughout the day.

You can use all types of plants - roots, flowers, leaves, as they contribute to speedy recovery. Marshmallow (1 teaspoon of roots or 2 tablespoons of flowers and leaves) pour a glass of boiling water, leave for 4 hours. Drink 3 times a day. You can add half a teaspoon of honey.

Dill decoction with honey

Honey promotes the retention of potassium, which is excreted during diarrhea and vomiting.. Dill reduces pain in the abdomen, facilitates vomiting, and promotes the rapid removal of toxins. A teaspoon of dill seeds brew 1.5 cups of boiling water, boil for 3 minutes. Cool, strain, add a teaspoon of beekeeping product to the warm broth. In case of food poisoning at home, the infusion should be taken at least 1 liter per day.

How to avoid food poisoning

Preventive measures to prevent intoxication are reduced to compliance with the necessary hygiene procedures, eating only quality products, right time their storage.

1. Observe personal hygiene.
2. Be careful with vegetables and fruits.
3. Do not buy products with broken sealed packaging.
4. Do not eat expired food.
5. Do not hesitate to throw away cloudy drinks with sediment, foods with bad smell and taste, as well as ready-made meals that have stood in the refrigerator for more than three days.
6. Eat only those mushrooms and berries that you are sure of.
7. When cooking, follow the rules of heat treatment.
8. Boil homemade milk first.
9. Drink boiled water.
10. Destroy cockroaches, flies, rodents in your house - they are carriers of bacteria.
11. Store raw and cooked meats on separate shelves in the refrigerator.

Follow these simple precautions and you will never experience food poisoning.

Food poisoning occurs as a result of the use of low-quality and expired food products containing harmful bacteria or toxic substances. When they enter the body, they begin to actively multiply.

Poor quality food common cause poisoning

This condition is non-contagious, accompanied by deterioration in work digestive system and is characterized by the presence of symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, constipation or diarrhea.

Classification of food poisoning

Food poisoning is classified into the following types:

• infectious - occurs due to the use of spoiled food and the activity in the body of microbes and viruses found in low-quality products;
• toxic - characterized by ingestion human body virus along with inedible mushrooms or poisonous plants;
• of unknown origin - most often this type includes poisoning heavy metals, chemicals and toxic substances.

All types of poisoning have similar characteristics: severe dehydration, general intoxication body, accompanied by fever and headache, development inflammatory processes in the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract.

Toxic poisoning occurs due to eating poisonous mushrooms

Symptoms of food poisoning

The peculiarity of food poisoning is very short period incubation, which is several hours and clearly manifested negative symptoms:

• temperature increase from 37 to 40 degrees;
• general malaise and lack of appetite;
• diarrhea, strong gas formation, pain and bloating;
• nausea and vomiting;
• increased fatigue and regular headache;
• chills, low blood pressure.

Food poisoning causes vomiting

Under the influence of poisons of a neurotoxic nature, visual impairment, dizziness, loss of consciousness, disturbances in the functioning of the nervous system and brain are possible.

Especially dangerous is the presence of salmonellosis, botulism and listeriosis in children, pregnant and breastfeeding mothers - these diseases often cause death.

Which doctor should I contact?

He prescribes tests and a course of treatment. The attending physician, if necessary, will send for examination to:

What to do with food poisoning at home

In a mild form, poisoning is characterized by the presence of malaise lasting from several hours to a couple of days and can be eliminated without medical intervention.

First aid

If poisoning is detected, measures should be taken to improve well-being:

1. Rinse the stomach. You need to drink 1.5 liters. warm, salted liquid or make a weak solution of potassium permanganate, which should have pale pink color. The main amount of food will come out with the next vomiting, but washing should be done until the stomach is completely cleansed.
2. Keep your body hydrated to prevent dehydration. After an attack of vomiting or bowel movements, it is necessary to consume 200 gr. purified water. It is recommended to drink in small sips. In addition to the usual liquid, you can drink a glucose-salt solution - 1 liter. Purified liquid add 3 tbsp. l. sugar and 1 tsp. salt.
3. Do not interfere natural cleansing intestine is the most fast way removing toxins from the body. If necessary, a cleansing enema should be given.

Taking antibiotics and medicines for diarrhea without a doctor's recommendation is contraindicated. After cleansing the stomach and getting rid of nausea, it is necessary to start taking medications that help restore intestinal microflora.

Drug treatment

You can remove toxins from the stomach with the help of medicines.

How to get rid of signs of poisoning folk remedies

In case of poisoning light form folk remedies are used that can save the patient from the problem that has arisen.

Treatment in a hospital

The attending physician first identifies the cause of the occurrence negative symptoms, and the type of bacterium that caused this condition. For this, it takes general analysis blood, a detailed study of feces, vomit and urine is carried out, which helps to identify a harmful microorganism.

AT severe cases the attending physician may also prescribe a colonoscopy, fluoroscopy, and sigmoidoscopy.

Colonoscopy is used to identify the causes of poisoning.

Hospitalization is prescribed in cases where:

• intestinal poisoning occurred in a child under the age of 3 years, in an elderly person or a pregnant girl;
• deterioration of health is caused by the use of poisonous mushrooms and plants;
• acute poisoning is accompanied prolonged diarrhea with an admixture of blood, a strong increase in body temperature that does not decrease for several days, general weakness and frequent vomiting;
• there is excessive sweating and there is a feeling of suffocation;
• the condition worsens significantly 2-3 days after the first negative symptoms are detected.

In the hospital, the patient is prescribed a dropper - this is the most effective and fastest way to get the necessary medicine into the blood in case of severe poisoning.

Severe food poisoning requires the fastest possible medical intervention - prolonged absence treatment leads to absorption into the blood a large number toxins, which leads to complications.

Diet after poisoning

Normalize activities over the next week digestive tract You can by following a diet that completely excludes from the diet:

• fatty and spicy foods;
• dairy;
• flour products;
• fish and canned food;
• alcoholic drinks, store juices.

In case of poisoning, dairy products should be excluded from the diet.

• boiled potatoes, rice or buckwheat;
• soups with chicken broth;
• lean meats in boiled form;
• biscuits, crackers:
• baked apples and bananas.

Food should be eaten in fractions daily ration for 5 small servings. daily rate water is at least 1.5 liters. It is recommended to take a decoction of wild rose, weak green tea and chamomile extract.

To avoid the occurrence of food poisoning, you should regularly monitor the quality of the consumed foods and drinks, pay attention to the expiration date and do not neglect personal hygiene.