List of antibiotics for children, as well as recommendations and advice for parents. When are antibiotics given to children? When do children need antibiotics?

Oh those antibiotics! Under what beautiful names they are produced, what mountains of gold they promise! drank magic pill- and it's all over. From what you really need to drink antibiotics and whether to give them to your baby - we decide together in this article.

Do not resort to antibiotics every time, otherwise the child's immunity will forget how to fight infections on its own.

Antibiotic, what are you?

Antibiotics are substances of natural or synthetic origin that inhibit the vital activity of bacteria and some microscopic fungi. Unlike antiseptics, antibiotics can act not only externally, but also be active inside the body.

The discovery of antibiotics made effective treatment some serious illnesses, such as anthrax. They have also become widely used in severe injuries, wounds and after operations to suppress purulent processes.

On the this moment There are many types of these drugs, including the so-called “broad-spectrum antibiotics”. action spectrum”, which are often prescribed even with an unspecified diagnosis.

Types of antibiotics

There are a great many antibiotics, and they are classified according to several criteria - according to the mechanism of action on the bacterium, according to the structure and type of effect on the cell (bactericidal and bacteriostatic). It is also important to classify antibiotics according to their effect on different types bacteria:

acting on cocci(, meningococci, streptococci and others), as well as corynobacteria and clostridia - 1st generation cephalosporins, benzylpenicillin, macrolides, bicillins, lincomycin;
a wide range actions, especially pathogenic for gram-positive rods - cephalosporins of the 2nd generation, tetracyclines (not recommended up to 8 years), chloramphenicol (undesirable for newborns), semi-synthetic penicillins, aminoglycosides;
"specializing" in gram-negative rods- 3rd generation cephalosporins, polymyxins;
anti-tuberculosis- streptomycin, florimycin, rifampicin;
acting on fungi- nystatin, diflucan, levorin, ketoconazole.

When a child is prone to frequent and lingering illnesses respiratory tract, he needs to do inhalations. In this case, parents will come to the rescue. This device is easy to use and greatly speeds up the healing process. The nebulizer can be used by all family members.

For the baby to be healthy, vitamin D must be present in his body. It also prevents other serious illnesses. How much to give the baby this vitamin read

When antibiotics are needed

Antibiotic treatment in children is clearly needed when the following diseases:

or exacerbation of its chronic form;
paratonsillitis;
caused by streptococcus;
otitis media infants up to six months;
epiglotitis;
paratonsillitis;
pneumonia.

Inflammation of the lungs without antibiotics can not be defeated!

It is also possible to prescribe antibiotic therapy in children with otitis media older than six months and in children with exacerbation of chronic tonsillitis.

After taking antibiotics, the child must eat properly so that the restoration of the intestinal microflora takes place faster. Moms have a question about what kind of complementary foods to choose for such babies.

Restoration of intestinal microflora is impossible without fermented milk products. In we will talk about the introduction of kefir into the diet of a child, and we will also tell you how to prepare this drink at home.

Children grow quickly and over time, the grown body must receive vitamins and minerals from the outside. useful material which are missing in breast milk. For full development, babies need vitamin C, which in in large numbers found in apples. This page contains detailed information about the basic rules for the first feeding with applesauce.

List of antibiotics for children

The most popular antibiotics for children should be known to any competent mother:

- a group of penicillins, the spectrum of action is quite wide. They are used for pneumonia, otitis, tonsillitis, pharyngitis and sinusitis, as well as cystitis or urethritis. Convenient granules for the preparation of suspension / syrup, they are diluted boiled water. Babies under 2 years old - a quarter of a teaspoon, up to 5 years - half. The average price is 150 rubles.

This drug is suitable for the smallest children.

, thanks to the acid, the spectrum of action is wider. Indications are the same as those of amoxicillin. Prohibited for babies under 3 months. Can give allergic reaction. The price is from 150 to 250 rubles, depending on the dosage. Analogue of Augmentin -.

Feedback from mother Eva, 1 year old:

“Augmentin was prescribed to us for bronchitis, a teaspoonful 2 times a day. I read the instructions and turned gray: for Eve's weight, you need TWO TIMES LESS. In general, they drank according to the instructions for a week. The temperature returned to normal, as they began to drink it.

Zinacef- cephalosporin of the 2nd generation, a wide range of effects, indications: otitis media, pneumonia, frontal sinusitis, sinusitis, tonsillitis, cystitis. For injection only. Children are prescribed 30-100 mg per 1 kg of weight per day. Diluted with water for injection. It costs from 130 rubles.
- cephalosporin of the 2nd generation, granules are convenient for suspension preparation. Indications: diseases of the upper and lower respiratory tract, ENT organs, infections of the urogenital area. Not recommended for children under 3 months. Dosage of 10 mg per 1 kg of baby's weight, given twice a day. The cost is from 200 rubles.

Zinnat should not be given to babies under 3 years old!

- active substance azithromycin, refers to azalides, a wide spectrum of action on bacteria. Indications: sinusitis, otitis media, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, pneumonia. Contraindicated for children under 6 months of age. Shake the bottle before use, after swallowing, give it a drink with water to swallow all the granules. The dosage is 10 mg per kg of the child's weight, given once a day, the course of treatment is 3 days. The price of the drug is an average of 230 rubles.

Rita, Gelendzhik says:

“The whole family fell ill with SARS, the child was 7 months old. The doctor prescribed Sumamed. I thought and thought, dug up the entire Internet, tormented my girlfriends - I didn’t give it to my son. The nose was washed, breast-fed, slept all day. I believe that the doctor ordered us to get rid of.

- active antibiotic cefixime, a 3rd generation cephalosporin. Treatment of ENT infections, bronchitis, otitis media, infections genitourinary system. Not allowed for children under six months of age. From 6 months to a year - from 2 to 4 ml per 1 kg of body weight, over 2 years - 5 ml. Divide the dosage into 2-3 doses. Dilute the granules with boiled water room temperature. The medicine costs about 500 rubles.
- the active ingredient is amoxicillin, intestinal antibiotic. Indicated in diseases gastrointestinal tract, in particular bacterial intestinal infections. Children 1-3 years old: 250 mg twice a day or 125 mg three times. For children under one year old, 30 mg per 1 kg per day is calculated, taking this dose divided by 2-3 times. The price is about 250 rubles.
- cephalosporin of the 3rd generation, available in injections for intramuscular and intravenous administration, is contraindicated in premature and newborns with. Newborns up to 2 weeks - 20-50 mg per 1 kg of baby's weight per day, older - from 20 to 75 per kilogram. The course is at least 4 days, depending on the pathogen. The injections are very painful. The cost is around 19 rubles per ampoule.

Remember that antibiotic injections are extreme case therapy, and in situations where there is no threat to the life of the child or atypical strange symptoms, you need to choose suspensions or tablets (for children who can chew). Also, antibiotics are not produced in the form rectal suppositories. If the baby refuses to drink the suspension, try mixing it with jam or other food that he likes.

Antibiotics are a treatment for diseases caused by bacteria. The basis for the prescription severe forms diseases such as meningitis, pneumonia, is the correct and timely conduct laboratory tests and is entirely the responsibility of the attending physician.

With milder forms and the course of the disease, everything is radically different. Antibiotics are prescribed for children who are ill at home exclusively by a pediatrician, and in this situation everything depends on the competence and the doctor. Sometimes these appointments are accompanied by explanations and motivation for his actions, and sometimes the parents themselves ask for antibiotics.

In all cases, the appointment should be balanced: the speed of prescribing such drugs is justified by their effect and antibiotics should be minimized, where it is inappropriate.

High-quality and cheap ways to check for viral or bacterial nature disease does not exist today. But it is also known that acute rhinitis (runny nose) and acute bronchitis are caused by viruses, while sore throats, inflammation of the throat, inflammation of the middle ear (otitis media), and sinusitis (inflammation of the sinuses) are inherently caused by bacterial microbes.

When to give a child antibiotics

Treatment should be qualitatively different different forms and the course of the disease. For colds and bronchitis, use antibacterial medicines do not recommend. In fact, treatment is at the discretion of the parents. At the onset of the baby's illness, for 1-2 days, with high fever and cough, the child is not given antibiotics. After, if the baby does not get better, they begin to fear that the course of the disease is not complicated by pneumonia. But it is worth noting that such a complication is possible, and this does not depend on previously taken drugs. Signs that serve as signs of the onset of pneumonia: an increase in body temperature and increased coughing, the appearance of shortness of breath should serve as an impetus for calling a doctor.

If, on the contrary, the condition remains at the same level, there is no fluctuation in the child's condition, then, in practice, the parents are already beginning to treat the baby on their own, acting on the principle: it will not get worse.

It is very popular to apply antibiotic treatment after 3 days of illness with the same temperature during this time. If the temperature is kept at the level of 37.0 -37.5 degrees and more than 3 days, this does not indicate the mandatory development of bacterial diseases. And the use of such drastic measures in these cases is not justified.

a clear sign virus disease is a pronounced cough, with improvement general condition baby and temperature stabilization. In this situation, it must be remembered that antibacterial drugs are not used as antitussives. The cough goes away recent symptoms diseases. But if the cough retains its intensity for more than three or four days, it is necessary to look for its causative agent.

When acute respiratory infections are complicated by otitis, the method of antibacterial treatment is different from the treatment of the common cold, since the nature of otitis in most cases is bacterial. Signs acute otitis media are sharp and frequent pain within 24-48 hours, after this time a significant improvement occurs and the disease disappears without outside intervention. Only a third of those who become ill still have symptoms without drug treatment does not pass. There are statistics on the use of antibiotics for the treatment of otitis media: when prescribed to all children with otitis media, some improvement occurs only in those who could not recover on their own. And this is only one in twenty people. The remaining nineteen children who received drugs from penicillin group(amoxicillin and augmentin), their recovery was not accelerated, since the use of such drugs did not prevent the development purulent complications. Deterioration after otitis was observed both in children who took antibacterial drugs and in children who did not take them.

On the present stage developed a special tactic for the treatment of acute otitis media with antibacterial drugs. They are prescribed even for children under 6 months of age, with a dubious diagnosis of acute otitis media.

In the period from 6 months to 2 years, also if there is doubt about the diagnosis of acute otitis media, antibiotic treatment can be postponed, so to speak, waiting tactics. But this practice does not exclude the use of painkillers and antipyretic drugs, but if the child's condition does not noticeably improve within two to four days, antibiotic therapy should be urgently applied.

For children older than two years, the waiting tactic is the most preferred (there are also exceptions, the temperature is over 39 degrees and the appearance of intense pain). With such a complication as pneumonia, the method of treatment is radically different from the first two cases.

pathogens

For 5-6 year old children, more than half of the diseases are caused by viruses. For older children, the risk viral complication reduced, increases the likelihood of disease due to pneumococci (bacterial nature). But there is a risk of contracting bacterial viruses for everyone age categories children. Therefore, when making a diagnosis - pneumonia - it is mandatory to use antibiotic therapy, and only the attending physician can determine which antibiotics can be given to children.

What antibiotics can be given to children

The scope of antibiotic use depends on desired result. Bactericidal - act on cellular structure microbe, destroy it quickly and in large quantities: penicillin, ampicillin, cephalexin, gentamicin.

There are drugs with a fundamentally different effect - they prevent the reproduction of microbes and bacteria die "from old age", and those remaining in the child's body are destroyed with the help of the child's own immune system, these are called bacteriostatic: erythromycin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol. At the end of treatment with such drugs at the time previously prescribed by the doctor, there is a risk of the disease returning.

In order to determine how and when a child needs to be given antibiotics, it is necessary to understand the nature of the disease: to determine which microorganisms are in the body. Penicillin is actively used in the treatment of streptococci, meningococci, gonococci, pneumococci, but they are absolutely useless in the treatment of Escherichia and dysentery coli, salmonella, and vice versa, the antibiotic polymyxin does not help, but brings success in the treatment of sticks. Antibiotics are divided into broad-spectrum and narrow-spectrum drugs. The use of a drug with a wide scope is not always good, because they can kill the "good" ones. intestinal organisms, and later it can be expressed in the manifestation of dysbacteriosis. But it is also more difficult to treat a child only with a drug with a narrow spectrum of action - after all, it is not known what kind of infection in the body.

When treating a child, it is important to understand how to introduce a particular drug into the body. Penicillin is destroyed in the stomach, others are not absorbed (gentamicin), when administered intramuscularly, the drug exerts its effect more quickly. therapeutic effect.

Different types of drugs are excreted from the body in different ways: penicillin, gentamicin - in the same form are excreted in the urine (their use is successfully used in the treatment of kidneys and urinary canals. Tetracycline and rifampicin - both with urine and bile, it is effective in the treatment of liver diseases and kidneys.

Side effect of antibiotics

Like any medicine, antibiotics also have Negative influence on the children's body. And before taking this or that drug, you should read the instructions or consult a doctor: penicillin and cephalexin can cause allergic reactions; gentamicin damages the kidneys and auditory nerves; tetracycline - affects the liver; polymyxin - negatively affects nervous system, and the list is endless. But, the most important thing that all parents should know is that the use of a broad-spectrum antibiotic causes dysbacteriosis, this is a violation of the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract. And it can and should be minimized.

To do this, you must follow a few rules:

Observe the required dosage and monitor the time of taking the medicine, since there is a certain time for the neutralization of the medicine;
When using, drink plain water, if it is not indicated in the instructions, since drinking something else, such as milk, can completely or partially neutralize the action of the drug;
Accept antihistamines it is necessary only on prescription (nystatin, linex). After all, some drugs are simply not compatible with each other.

In order to answer the question that concerns you: how to restore a child after antibiotics - you need to understand what has changed in your child?

How to restore a child's body after antibiotics

To begin with, you should pay attention to the child's stool: how it has changed - it has become liquid or, conversely, solid. To resolve this issue, it is necessary to correct the microflora in the intestines, it is advisable to take a stool test before the recovery, but if this is not possible, you can start taking a bacterial preparation - bifidobacteria - these are lactobacilli, for a child who eats milk, and bifidumbacterin - for older children. These bacteria should be stored only (!!!) in a cold place, because at high temperatures they lose all their medicinal qualities.

With the manifestation of a rash on the skin, a feeling of itching, nasal congestion, a change in color is observed skin- This is the response of the body - an allergic reaction to an antibiotic. In that case it will help antihistamine, they are of two types: one type affects the skin and has hypnotic effect; the second kind is more widespread.

The elimination process itself takes a long time, and some are never eliminated from the body, and will always affect your child's body. Therefore, it is necessary to minimize the use of antibiotics and other medications, and it is for this purpose that it is simply necessary to conduct healthy lifestyle life, keep proper nutrition engage in active sports and spend more time in nature.

Taking antibiotics by children raises a lot of questions and doubts among parents, as it is widely believed that potent drugs negatively affect the child's body. However, all drugs, not only those belonging to the antibacterial series, have side effects, while the latter are fast and effective method therapy. It is important to understand in which cases antibiotics are needed, and when you can do without their help, and how to use such drugs correctly.

In case of a cold, only the attending physician has the right to prescribe antibiotics; in no case should you self-medicate

When are children given antibiotics?

First and most important point in the use of antibiotics - the justification for their appointment, especially when it comes to children. Under no circumstances should antibiotics be given to a child without first consulting a doctor. It is better to start with all the tests to make sure that the use of antibiotics is justified, because the body develops resistance to the drug, and in the future, when the medicine is really needed, it may turn out to be useless.

Doctors prescribe antibiotics only if bacterial origin illness. In other words, if the reason pathological process is a bacterium, and the body cannot cope on its own, then an appropriate antibacterial drug is selected for treatment. Against viral infections, such agents are ineffective.

Antibiotics only make sense if you have a bacterial infection

The list of diseases in which you definitely need to give your child antibacterial drugs include:

acute sinusitis with pus;
sinusitis in acute form;
acute otitis;
acute tonsillitis caused by streptococci;
angina;
bacterial pneumonia;
epiglotitis;
scarlet fever;
urinary tract infection;
paratonsillitis;
acute pyelonephritis;
exacerbation of chronic sinusitis.

In all these cases, antibiotics will quick effect. Sometimes the immune system able to overcome the disease on their own, but the disease can be difficult and long, which is fraught with the development of complications and even lethal outcome therefore, you should start taking medication from the first day of the disease or from the moment the diagnosis is established.

Wherein frequent colds, runny nose and SARS is not a reason to give a child an antibacterial drug: as a rule, in these cases, antiviral and immunomodulatory agents are sufficient.

How to give antibiotics to children with fever and other symptoms?

This article talks about typical ways to solve your questions, but each case is unique! If you want to know from me how to solve exactly your problem - ask your question. It's fast and free!

To antibiotic treatment brought maximum benefit and did not cause significant harm to the body, it is important to carry it out correctly, following a number of recommendations:

Choice of drug and dosage calculation. In the selection of medicines, the type of pathogen plays a major role. Doses are determined according to the weight and age of the patient.
Reception of bifidobacteria. During therapy, it is necessary to additionally drink Linex, Hilak Forte or another drug of a similar purpose. They normalize the intestinal microflora, since antibiotics destroy not only harmful, but also beneficial bacteria.
Full course of therapy. Despite the improvement in the condition in the first days after the start of taking the prescribed remedy or even the complete elimination of symptoms, you should not stop taking it, you should completely drink the entire course. There is a risk of not completely curing the disease.
Regularity and compliance with the dosage. Throughout therapy, you can not reduce the dose of the drug and skip doses, since for 7-10 days (the usual duration of antibiotic use), the drug must circulate in the circulatory system.
Constancy. You can not interrupt the treatment yourself or replace the drug with an analogue.
Maintenance of the body. During therapy, the child should be given plentiful drink, you can drink a vitamin complex.
Hospital for babies. If antibacterial agents are prescribed to newborns or children infancy up to 1 year, it is better that their intake is controlled by specialists in a hospital setting.

Types of antibiotics prescribed for children

Since the child's body is very sensitive, the safety medicines especially important. For this reason, young children are allowed to take the least toxic versions of antibiotics with the minimum amount side effects.

Also a huge role in this matter is played by the form of release of the drug. For children under 5 years of age, syrups and suspensions are specially produced, which are prepared from powder or granules diluted warm water. Older children are prescribed dissolving tablets.

There are a huge number of varieties antibacterial drugs intended for internal use, designed for the children's body:

Penicillins. Among them are Amoxicillin, Amosin, Flemoxin Solutab. They have a wide spectrum of action and cause least amount negative reactions.
protected penicillins. For example, "Amoxiclav", "Flemoklav" or "Augmentin" (we recommend reading:). Thanks to the addition of clavulanic acid, they are resistant to the enzyme beta-lactamase.
Cephalosporins of 4 generations (we recommend reading:). Low toxicity and have a wider range of effects. These include Cefalexin, Zinnat, Suprax (we recommend reading:). Antibiotics of this group are contraindicated for newborns under 1 month of age.
Macrolides. Hypoallergenic, but slower acting. Effective if the pathogens are intracellular chlamydia, mycoplasma and legionella. Among them are "Midekamycin", "Sumamed", "Clarithromycin" (we recommend reading:).
Nitrofurans. For example, Nifuroxazide, Furazidin, Nifuratel. Their reception is advisable for intestinal, protozoal infections and urinary tract infections.

The best drugs for children of different ages

When a child has a high temperature, a runny nose and other symptoms of ARVI or a viral cold, it is not necessary to immediately give children antibiotics. On the initial stage SARS or colds are not necessary. Only if the recovery process is delayed, after 4-5 days of therapy there is no improvement and the high temperature continues to hold, then this means that viral infection bacterial has joined and it is advisable to switch to antibacterial treatment.

Such habitual symptoms as a runny nose and fever can accompany a sore throat, pneumonia, bronchitis and pharyngitis. These are diseases of a bacterial nature that make the use of antibiotics justified. They should be chosen based on the age of the baby.

newborn

As for newborn children, they are especially vulnerable and, unfortunately, may face various infections and pathogenic bacteria in the hospital. Depending on the type of disease and the severity of the course of the disease, babies may be prescribed drugs from different groups, the reception of which must be carried out under the supervision of doctors. The table shows antibiotics allowed from birth, applicable for various pathological processes:

Babies up to a year

Despite the fact that the probability of getting ARVI in a child under one year old is lower, since his social circle is not large and with breastfeeding he receives antibodies from his mother, the chances of catching a bacterial infection in case of illness are very high. This is due to the fact that babies are inactive, lie a lot, have short wide airways, still do not know how to cough and blow their nose, plus their immune system is not fully formed. In this regard, if the symptoms in an infant last longer than three days, they may already be prescribed antibiotics.

In the treatment of children under one year, antibiotics are usually preferred. penicillin series, and only if there is no effect, they are replaced with cephalosporins or drugs with a broader spectrum of action. Only a pediatrician has the right to prescribe drugs; he will select the option that is optimal for the patient.

Children over 1 year old

The requirements for antibiotics for children older than one year remain the same:

low toxicity;
a wide range of activities;
minimal side effects.

Among the already available antibacterial drugs, antibiotics are added, the use of which is allowed from the age of one year:

Furagin and Furazidin. Applicable for infection urinary system or after operations on it.
Furozolidone. The grounds for taking it are intestinal infection and helminthiasis.
Vilprafen (we recommend reading:). It is taken regardless of meals. Effective in the fight against intracellular pathogens.

Effective natural antibiotics for children

Along with synthetic antibiotics that disable the entire intestinal microflora, reduce the protective properties of the body and require restorative therapy for the gastrointestinal tract and immunity, there are natural analogues that act less aggressively. To such antibacterial agents include many berries. Among them:

viburnum;
cranberry;
raspberry;
sea buckthorn;
blueberry;
black currant.

viburnum is natural antibiotic which helps to deal with initial symptoms colds

They are characterized by antiseptic, bactericidal and antiviral properties. It is desirable that they be present in daily diet baby. For example, they can be ground with sugar and eat 1 teaspoon three times a day.

Oh, I would not dare to give antibiotics ... Especially such strong ones. Can you get away with just antimicrobials?

your temperature is normal even for a healthy child

Olesya, before giving injections to the baby, I will advise you to go to a very good doctor pediatrician Netkacheva Irina Vitalievna. We were also prescribed these injections, I went to Netkacheva and she prescribed everything else and without injections. For 3 days, my baby stopped hurting.

Netkacheva Irina Vitalievna receives at the Venus medical center, in Ainabulak-1, building 9. Her appointment costs 2,000 thousand. I liked her very much.

Mom won't miss

women on baby.ru

Our pregnancy calendar reveals to you the features of all stages of pregnancy - an unusually important, exciting and new period of your life.

We will tell you what will happen to your future baby and you in each of the forty weeks.

List of broad spectrum antibiotics for children

Antibiotics are a group of strong natural or synthetic drugs that can inhibit the growth of certain microorganisms or provoke their death. Without application similar substances indispensable in cases of serious illnesses in children of a bacterial nature: sinusitis, tonsillitis, tonsillitis, bronchitis, otitis media, sinusitis, whooping cough, pneumonia, meningitis, etc.

When to give

Not everyone is treated with antibiotics. infectious diseases. So, the causative agent of diphtheria, fungal diseases, tetanus and botulism in children are toxins. cause of sinusitis and inflammatory diseases bronchial mucosa - viruses. Inflammation of the paranasal sinuses, ears and throat, accompanied by feverish conditions, are more often caused by the action of bacteria. Antibiotics affect only the simplest microorganisms and are useless when viral diseases such as influenza, hepatitis, chickenpox, herpes, rubella, measles.

Thus, if a child has just started a runny nose, a sore throat, or a fever, antibiotics should not be used immediately. In addition, after a course of one of the drugs of a certain series, the body gradually develops resistance (resistance) of pathogens to this medicine and weak sensitivity to the entire series. Therefore, the appointment of antibiotics for ARVI in children is justified only if the bacterial flora has joined the infection, and this usually happens no earlier than 3-4 days of illness.

Titles

However, doctors do not always have such an opportunity, since the results of smears can be expected only 3-7 days after the donation, and the child's condition is already critical at the moment, in this case broad-spectrum antibiotics are prescribed.

Penicillin group

This is the main category of antibiotics that are prescribed to children with respiratory diseases. Penicillins interfere with the synthesis of the main substances that are part of cell membranes pathogenic bacteria, thereby causing their death.

Amoxicillin is prescribed for bacterial diseases upper respiratory tract, ENT organs (tonsillitis, pharyngitis, otitis, etc.), genitourinary system (cystitis), gastric (peritonitis, enterocolitis), infectious infections skin and soft tissues. May be given to children over 2 years of age.
Flemoxin Solutab is a new generation analogue of amoxicillin, which can be prescribed to children from 1 year old. It is used to suppress pathogenic bacteria (staphylococci, streptococci), treat pneumonia, etc.

Cephalosporin group

Semi-synthetic antibiotics that are more resistant to enzymes that produce pathogenic microorganisms. Their mechanism of action is to inhibit the growth of bacteria and their ability to reproduce. They are prescribed for the ineffectiveness of the antibiotics of the previous group, for 2-3 previous months.

Cefuroxime is an antibiotic with a broad bactericidal effect on strains of microorganisms insensitive to penicillins. It is prescribed for ENT diseases, infections of the upper respiratory tract, genitourinary system, gastric tract etc. Can be used orally, intravenously and intramuscularly from birth.

Macrolide group

Sumamed is a new generation antibiotic, prescribed for children in suspension for tonsillitis, sinusitis, tonsillitis, scarlet fever, bronchitis, otitis media, infectious dermatoses, etc.
Azithromycin is a broad-spectrum drug for the treatment of infectious diseases of the respiratory tract, upper respiratory tract, skin and genitourinary system.

How to take

To avoid harm from taking antibiotics developing organism child, parents should know a few basic rules for taking these drugs:

The course of antibiotic treatment is a minimum of 5 days, a maximum of 14 (in severe cases). Even if on the 3rd day of taking the child it became much better, in no case should you stop treatment for at least another 48 hours. If drugs are taken incorrectly (unauthorized dose reduction, non-compliance with the regimen, or an incomplete course of treatment), only the weakest microorganisms die, although a temporary improvement in health status is noted. The remaining bacteria mutate, adapt to the previously taken medication and no longer respond to it. You have to look for a replacement, increase the dose or try an antibiotic of a completely different series.
Antibiotics should be taken at the same time every day. If you need to take the medicine 2 times a day, then this should be done exactly every 12 hours.
If the drug is given to young children in the form of a suspension or drops, then the contents of the vial are thoroughly stirred until the liquid becomes homogeneous and all the sediment dissolves.
Almost all antibiotics should be taken with or immediately after a meal. large quantity water (not tea, compote, milk, juice or mineral water).
For supporting normal level intestinal microflora and avoiding the development of dysbacteriosis in a child, bifidobacteria or lactobacilli should be taken in parallel (prescribed by a doctor).
While taking antibiotics, it is advisable to keep the child on a diet: exclude fatty, fried, smoked foods, sour fruit. The use of antibiotics in itself greatly inhibits liver function, and heavy meals greatly increase the load.

How often can you give

The less often antibiotics are used to treat children, the better. Over time, pathogens develop resistance to any antibacterial drug, which can complicate the treatment of diseases for the rest of their lives. Another argument against huge pressure on the growing body of the child.

Some advice for parents on taking antibiotics:

if the disease is not very serious, the use of antibacterial drugs should be avoided;
if the child has never been given antibiotics, then therapy must be started with the weakest medicine, but the selection of the drug and its dosage must be performed by the doctor;
after the end of treatment, for some time the child needs to be given probiotics for recovery normal microflora and absorbent preparations (Enterosgel or Polysorb) to remove toxins and decay products of pathogenic bacteria from the liver and body;
at the next serious illness, the doctor will prescribe a stronger drug to the child;

What are dangerous

Children are not recommended to take antibiotics of the aminoglycoside group, which have negative impact on the hearing organs and the renal system of the child. These include Kanamycin and Gentamicin.
Children under the age of 8 are prohibited from prescribing antibiotics of the tetracycline group (doxycycline, tetracycline, minocycline). The latter can contribute to the thinning of tooth enamel, as well as slowing down the growth of the bone skeleton.
Taking levomycetin can lead to the development of aplastic anemia in children.
Fluorinated quinolones (pefloxacin, ofloxacin) also belong to the category of antibiotics prohibited for children, they violate normal development cartilage of the joints.

All of the listed groups of antibiotics are prescribed to children only in exceptional cases when the disease is not treatable with other drugs, and the benefits of taking an antibiotic outweigh the possible risks.

For infants

Infants antibiotics are prescribed only in extremely severe cases. They are administered, as a rule, orally (considered the most gentle method) in the form of suspensions or drops. The finished mixture has a limited shelf life, therefore, in pharmacies it is sold in the form of a bottle of powder for diluting the suspension. After the end of treatment, the drug is no longer suitable for long-term storage. If there are reasons why a child cannot take medicines by mouth, they are given injections.

Drugs approved for use in infants:

Augmentin, Amoxiclav, Cefuroxime, Asketil, Ceftriaxone, Sumamed - from the first days of life;
Ikzim, Zinnat, Pancef, Hemomycin - from 6 months;
Flemoxin - from 1 year;
Amoxicillin - from 2 years;
Klacid - from 3 years.

How to boost immunity after treatment

Commonly used probiotic preparations:

Linex - restores the natural intestinal flora, eliminates diarrhea in a child after taking antibiotics. It can be prescribed from the first days of life.
Bifiform - promotes the colonization of bacteria that produce lactic and acetic acid which prevents the growth of pathogenic microorganisms. Approved for use in neonates.
Bifidumbacterin - restores the flora, improves the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, has immunomodulatory properties. It can be prescribed from the first days of life.
Laktiv-ratiopharm - contains bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, positively affects the microflora and the entire body of the child. Prescribed for children from 2 years.
Khilak - normalizes the pH balance of the stomach, inhibits growth pathogenic bacteria. Designed for children from birth.

Simultaneously with antibiotics in children with reduced immunity shows the use of drugs that increase the body's resistance to infectious and non-infectious infections, and tissue regeneration.

The main groups of immunomodulators:

Interferon - prevents infection of the body with infections, increases defensive forces. It is prescribed for children from 1 year.
Immunoglobulin - contains many antibodies that successfully resist pathogenic bacteria and viruses. It can be prescribed to children from the first days of life.
Anaferon - homeopathic immunomodulator that increases the level of antibodies in the body. Approved for use from 6 months.
Aflubin - complex homeopathic remedy, which has immunostimulating, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory properties. Designed for children from birth.

Add a comment Cancel reply

New Articles

How lumbago manifests itself is well known to everyone who.

The gallbladder is normally pear-shaped.

Onions are included huge amount culinary.

For every family planning to have a child, important.

Trichomoniasis (trichomoniasis) is a disease of the urogenital tract,.

Which antibiotic is better to give to children

Prescribing antibiotics to children is a difficult choice not only for mom or dad, but even sometimes for a pediatrician or family doctor. Sometimes doctors in connection with frequent illnesses crumbs and frequent use antibacterial drugs, you have to rack your brains to answer the question of which antibiotic is better to prescribe to a child. Unlike an adult, a little man can only be prescribed certain groups of antibiotics. What are these antibiotics and from what age can they be given to children, we will tell in our article.

What broad-spectrum antibiotics for children can be given

penicillin series. Amoxicillin can be taken immediately after birth - from 0 years.

Protected penicillins: Amoxicillin + Clavulanic acid, can be given to children from 2 years old;

Cephalosporins can be taken mainly from 6 months (this applies to first, second and third generation cephalosporins), ceftriaxone in the form of injections is prescribed from birth.

Macrolides - Azithromycin - can be taken from 6 months.

What is the best antibiotic for children

There is no correct answer to this question. And the question, to be honest, is not entirely correct, since the choice of antibiotic depends on many factors:

what pathogen caused the disease, is the antibiotic sensitive to it or not;
the severity of the disease;
the age of the child (some antibiotics can be given to children immediately after birth, some from 6 months, and some from 6 years);
when last time took an antibiotic and what;
individual intolerance and allergic reactions.

Amoxicillin - modern analogues

Children from 0 years of age are allowed to use penicillin antibiotics. The most common drugs from this group today are Amoxicillin. If your child has not previously taken any antibiotics or takes them very rarely, the last dose was more than 3 months ago, then amoxicillin will become a reliable assistant in the fight against a bacterial infection. It can be taken with tonsillitis, bronchitis, tracheitis, sinusitis, even with pneumonia. With infections of the skin and biliary tract. Amoxicillin is also included in the treatment protocol. peptic ulcer or gastritis associated with Helicobacter pylori.

Amoxicillin - analogues for children, a list of drugs

Amoxil;
Flemoxin;
Amosin;
Ecobo;
Amoxil DT;
Amoxicillin Solutab - Kredopharm;
Amoxicillin Solutab - Norton;
Amoxicillin - Astrapharm;
Amoxicillin - Forte;
Ospamox;
Amofast;
V-Mox;
Graximol;
Iramox;
Hyconcil.

Amoxicillin for children dosage in tablets, suspension and syrup

The dose of amoxicillin for children is calculated very simply. For the youngest children - from birth to 2 years - the dose of amoxicillin is 20 mg / kg per day. You need to apply in two doses per day. Calculation example: a child weighs 10 kg 10 x 20 = 200 mg per day. We break it down into two doses, it turns out that 100 mg 2 times a day. If we take a suspension of 125 mg / 5 ml, then we need to give the child 4 ml of amoxicillin 2 times a day. Antibiotics from this group are available in various forms (in tablets and capsules of 250 mg, 500 mg and 1000 mg; in the form of suspensions of 125 mg / 5 ml, 100 ml or 60 ml bottle; in the form of suspensions of 250 mg / 5 ml, 60 ml or 100 ml). Children who are over 2 years old and weigh less than 40 kg, daily dose is mg/kg. It all depends on the weight of the child and the severity of the infection.

Protected penicillins - preparations of amoxicillin with clavulanic acid

For children who have already taken the above antibiotics, those who have developed resistance to penicillins, there are protected penicillins. The same amoxicillin, but in combination with clavulanic acid. Clavulanic acid has antibacterial action, but its main advantage is that it inhibits beta-lactamase, and helps penicillin work in penicillin-resistant infections. The antibacterial spectrum is the same as that of amoxicillin.

Here is a list of the most famous combinations of amoxicillin with clavulanic acid:

As you can see, the list of protected penicillins is quite extensive. This suggests that this combination of amoxicillin with clavulanic acid is a very successful combination that has a good healing effect not only in children, but also included in the protocols for providing care for many diseases for adults. It must be taken by children who are already 2 years old. Studies on the use in younger children have not been conducted. And clavulanic acid itself has a certain toxic effect, therefore, for very young children under 2 years old, we choose pure amoxicillin, and older children can also use protected penicillins with clavulanic acid. The dosage is calculated in the same way as for pure amoxicillin (see above Amoxicillin for children dosage in tablets).

Can children give azithromycin

Another antibiotic that can be used in children is azithromycin. It belongs to the group of macrolides and is approved for use from 6 months. original drug is Summed. Azitmroicin is active in bacterial infections upper and lower respiratory tract, diseases of the upper respiratory tract, skin infections, urinary tract infections. In general, it is also a representative of broad-spectrum antibiotics. Available in the form of tablets, capsules and suspensions (syrup).

Azithromycin synonyms - analogues of the preparation

Azidrop;
Azitro-Sandoz;
Azitral;
Azitrox;
Azithromycin Zentiva, - Forte, -OBL, - Red Star, -Health, etc.
Zitrolide;
AzitRus;
Zitrolid Forte;
Zee Factor;
Saphocid;
Suitrox;
Hemomycin;
Sumamed;
Ecomed;
Ziomycin;
Azimed;
Zitrox;
Ormax.

Azithromycin dosage for children

Available in capsules and tablets of 125 mg, 250 mg, 500 mg and 1000 mg. For children, the actual dose is 125 mgmg in capsules and in suspension of 100 mg / 5 ml and 200 mg / 5 ml. Children aged 6 months and older are prescribed at the rate of 10 mg / kg of body weight 1 time / day for these days, depending on the nature and severity of the disease. An example of calculating the dose of azithromycin for a child. For example: a child is 2 years old, weighs 13 kg. We multiply the weight of the child by the number of mg of azithromycin. 13 * 10 = 130 mg per day, in one dose. It turns out that we need to give the child 6.5 ml of azithromycin suspension (100 mg / 5 ml).

Although azithromycin has a good therapeutic effect, however, referring to my experience, I will say that I am skeptical about azithromycin. The reason for this relationship is the frequent side effects from the gastrointestinal tract in the form of bloating, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea. Although these side effects disappear immediately after the drug is discontinued, this is already too much for a small sick child. This is my personal opinion, especially since there are more safe antibiotics broad spectrum of action, such as penicillins and cephalosporins.

To avoid or reduce side effects azithromycin, it must be taken one hour before meals or two hours after meals.

Cephalosporins for children

Another group of antibiotics that can be taken by children is called cephalosporins. Among this group of antibacterial drugs, 5 generations are distinguished, but children are allowed drugs of the first 3 generations, and some drugs of the 4th generation are allowed according to vital indications. Cephalosporins can be taken by children from 6 months, they have a bactericidal effect in bacterial infections of the ENT organs, upper and lower respiratory tract. The 3rd generation also has a pronounced antibacterial effect in infections of the genitourinary system. For this group, I dedicated a separate article in which I spoke in detail about all generations of cephalosporins for children. Cephalosporins for children | List of analogues, dosage calculation

Sincerely, Skalitsky Mikhail Alexandrovich

+ Ask a question

Sign in

We are in social networks

Our doctors

Skalitsky Alexander Igorevich

Education: 1984 - graduated from the Kharkov State Medical Institute, general medicine. 1992 -.

Skalitskaya Alena Alexandrovna

Education: 2012 graduated from Kharkov National medical University, medical business. 2014 –.

Skalitzky Mikhail Alexandrovich

Education: 2012 graduated from Kharkiv National Medical University, general medicine. 2014.

Ask any question to the doctor for free!

+ Ask a question

Coxsackie virus in children - incubation period

Coxsackie virus in children - how the Coxsackie virus is one of the many.

Gift from Turkey| Signs of the Coxsackie virus in adults

Coxsackie virus symptoms and treatment in adults This year, more than ever, made a lot of noise.

Antibiotics for children - how to choose and treat so as not to harm

Oh those antibiotics! Under what beautiful names they are produced, what mountains of gold they promise! I took a magic pill - and everything went away. From what you really need to drink antibiotics and whether to give them to your baby - we decide together in this article.

Do not resort to antibiotics every time, otherwise the child's immunity will forget how to fight infections on its own.

Antibiotic, what are you?

The discovery of antibiotics made it possible to treat some serious diseases, such as anthrax, effectively. They also began to be widely used in severe injuries, wounds and after operations to suppress purulent processes.

At the moment, there are many types of these drugs, including the so-called "broad-spectrum antibiotics", which are often prescribed even with an unspecified diagnosis.

Types of antibiotics

There are a great many antibiotics, and they are classified according to several criteria - according to the mechanism of action on the bacterium, according to the structure and type of effect on the cell (bactericidal and bacteriostatic). It is also important to separate antibiotics according to their effects on different types of bacteria:

acting on cocci (staphylococci, meningococci, streptococci and others), as well as corynobacteria and clostridia - 1st generation cephalosporins, benzylpenicillin, macrolides, bicillins, lincomycin;
broad spectrum of action, especially pathogenic for gram-positive rods - cephalosporins of the 2nd generation, tetracyclines (not recommended for up to 8 years), chloramphenicol (undesirable for newborns), semi-synthetic penicillins, aminoglycosides;
"specializing" in gram-negative rods - cephalosporins of the 3rd generation, polymyxins;
anti-tuberculosis - streptomycin, florimycin, rifampicin;
acting on fungi - nystatin, diflucan, levorin, ketoconazole.

In order for the baby to be healthy, vitamin D must be present in his body. It prevents the development of rickets and other serious diseases. In what quantities to give the baby this vitamin, read here

When antibiotics are needed

Antibiotic treatment in children is clearly necessary for the following diseases:

spicy purulent sinusitis or exacerbation of its chronic form;
paratonsillitis;
acute tonsillitis caused by streptococcus;
otitis in infants up to six months;
epiglotitis;
paratonsillitis;
pneumonia.

Inflammation of the lungs without antibiotics can not be defeated!

It is also possible to prescribe antibiotic therapy in children with otitis media older than six months and in children with exacerbation of chronic tonsillitis.

High fever without other symptoms is not a reason to treat with antibiotics. But there are two exceptions when the use of 2-3 generation cephalosporins for fever is indicated (only if it is impossible to examine in the hospital!):

Children under 3 years old - at a temperature above 39 degrees.
Babies under 3 months - at a temperature of more than 38 degrees.

What happens if antibiotics are not given in the above cases? It is highly likely that with good immunity, the body will cope on its own, but the process will be longer, and the baby will spend more internal resources of the body. And you and I cannot say that our children have unambiguously good immunity- ecology, not always proper nutrition, heredity do their job - therefore, in order to avoid complications and other unpleasant consequences, give children antibiotics for a confirmed bacterial infection.

And how to confirm the nature of an infection?

by the most in a simple way confirmation of the nature of the infection with an ordinary cold or other disease of the respiratory organs will be the delivery of a general blood test. Deciphering the results of a general (clinical) blood test will help to dot the i in the treatment of the baby. And how to decipher them yourself - we read in our article "Common blood test - decoding mysterious signs." If your doctor prescribes antibiotics without testing, ask for a referral to general analysis or offer to do it at your own expense/reward. As Komarovsky says, choosing between a pharmacy and a laboratory, you need to run to the laboratory.

All infectious diseases throat is treated with antibiotics.

The doctor may also prescribe special studies, for example, taking smears, to determine the nature of the infection.

Rules for therapy in children

Drink antibiotics only with a confirmed microbial or fungal nature of the disease.
When choosing a medicine, tell your doctor if you have been treated with antibiotics - and which ones - in the last 3 months.
Choose medicines in tablets or syrup, but not in injections.
Try not to use antipyretics, as they can "lubricate" the picture of antibiotic therapy.

Even high temperature do not knock down antipyretics if antibiotics are given in parallel to the child.

And we heal and we cripple

Even the most low-toxic and “safe” antibiotics from the point of view of pharmaceutical companies are harmful to humans. The thing is that these compounds, when they enter the body, do not understand “who is the enemy and who is the friend”, destroy the cells of all bacilli - both enemies (pathogenic), and local residents(that is, our microflora, primarily in the gastrointestinal tract and some other mucous membranes). The very balance of microflora, glorified by advertisers, is disturbed, which leads to poor digestion, gases, problems with a chair and other delights. Also, the use of antibiotics can cause thrush, more often in girls.

Antibiotics can cause problems in the digestive system.

Another consequence of the unreasonable use of antibiotics is the growth of bacterial resistance to them. That is, bacteria "get used" to antibiotics, developing certain defense mechanisms. Why is bacillus resistance dangerous for a baby? Accustomed bacteria are not afraid of even the strong good antibiotics which greatly complicates the treatment. Hence the concept of “healed immunity”, when the child does not respond with recovery even to intensive therapy.

If antibiotics cannot be avoided: how to reduce the harm

Sometimes antibiotic therapy is necessary, and young mothers tear their hair out and curse themselves and their third-generation ancestors. But antibiotics are not as dangerous as they are often portrayed in the media or on benches at the entrance. It is simply necessary to support the microflora of the baby's gastrointestinal tract in time by all available means:

breastfeed as much as possible: mother's milk contains a growth factor of dairy flora;
support the digestive glands with preparations such as Creon 10000, Hilak Forte;
populate the child's gastrointestinal tract beneficial microflora with the help of drugs (Bifidumbacterin) or food (Bifidok, Acidophilus) if the baby is not breastfed.

Restoration of the intestinal microflora is impossible without fermented milk products. In this article we will talk about the introduction of kefir into the diet of a child, as well as tell you how to prepare this drink at home.

Children grow quickly and over time, the grown-up body must receive vitamins and nutrients from the outside, which are not enough in breast milk. For full development, babies need vitamin C, which is found in large quantities in apples. This page www.o-my-baby.ru/razvitie/pitanie/yablochnoe-pyure.htm contains detailed information about the basic rules for the first feeding with applesauce.

List of antibiotics for children

The most popular antibiotics for children should be known to any competent mother:

Amoxicillin - a group of penicillins, the spectrum of action is quite wide. They are used for pneumonia, otitis, tonsillitis, pharyngitis and sinusitis, as well as cystitis or urethritis. Convenient granules for the preparation of a suspension / syrup, they are diluted with boiled water. Babies under 2 years old - a quarter of a teaspoon, up to 5 years - half. The average price is 150 rubles.

This drug is suitable for the smallest children.

Augmentin (amoxicillin + clavulanic acid) - powder for suspension, thanks to the acid, the spectrum of action is wider. Indications are the same as those of amoxicillin. Prohibited for babies under 3 months. May give an allergic reaction. The price is from 150 to 250 rubles, depending on the dosage. Analogue of Augmentin - Amoxiclav.

Feedback from mother Eva, 1 year old:

“Augmentin was prescribed to us for bronchitis, a teaspoonful 2 times a day. I read the instructions and turned gray: for Eve's weight, you need TWO TIMES LESS. In general, they drank according to the instructions for a week. The temperature returned to normal, as they began to drink it.

Zinacef is a 2nd generation cephalosporin, a wide range of effects, indications: otitis media, pneumonia, frontal sinusitis, sinusitis, tonsillitis, cystitis. For injection only. Children are prescribed mg per 1 kg of body weight per day. Diluted with water for injection. It costs from 130 rubles.
Zinnat is a 2nd generation cephalosporin, granules are convenient for suspension preparation. Indications: diseases of the upper and lower respiratory tract, ENT organs, infections of the urogenital area. Not recommended for children under 3 months. Dosage of 10 mg per 1 kg of baby's weight, given twice a day. The cost is from 200 rubles.

Zinnat should not be given to babies under 3 years old!

Sumamed - the active substance azithromycin, belongs to azalides, a wide spectrum of action on bacteria. Indications: sinusitis, otitis media, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, pneumonia. Contraindicated for children under 6 months of age. Shake the bottle before use, after swallowing, give it a drink with water to swallow all the granules. The dosage is 10 mg per kg of the child's weight, given once a day, the course of treatment is 3 days. The price of the drug is an average of 230 rubles.

Rita, Gelendzhik says:

“The whole family fell ill with SARS, the child was 7 months old. The doctor prescribed Sumamed. I thought and thought, dug up the entire Internet, tormented my girlfriends - I didn’t give it to my son. The nose was washed, breast-fed, slept all day. I believe that the doctor ordered us to get rid of.

Suprax is an active antibiotic cefixime, a 3rd generation cephalosporin. Treatment of infections of the upper respiratory tract, bronchitis, otitis media, infections of the genitourinary system. Not allowed for children under six months of age. From 6 months to a year - from 2 to 4 ml per 1 kg of body weight, over 2 years - 5 ml. Divide the dosage into 2-3 doses. Dilute the granules with boiled water at room temperature. The medicine costs about 500 rubles.
Flemoxin Solutab - the active ingredient is amoxicillin, an intestinal antibiotic. It is indicated for diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, in particular bacterial intestinal infections. Children 1-3 years old: 250 mg twice a day or 125 mg three times. For children under one year old, 30 mg per 1 kg per day is calculated, taking this dose divided by 2-3 times. The price is about 250 rubles.
Ceftriaxone is a 3rd generation cephalosporin, available in injections for intramuscular and intravenous administration, is contraindicated in premature babies and newborns with jaundice. Newborns up to 2 weeks - 20-50 mg per 1 kg of baby's weight per day, older - from 20 to 75 per kilogram. The course is at least 4 days, depending on the pathogen. The injections are very painful. The cost is around 19 rubles per ampoule.

Prescribing antibiotics to children is a difficult choice, not only for mom or dad, but sometimes even for a pediatrician or family doctor. Sometimes doctors, due to the frequent illnesses of the crumbs and the frequent use of antibacterial drugs, have to rack their brains to answer the question of which antibiotic is better to prescribe to a child. Unlike an adult, a little man can only be prescribed certain groups of antibiotics. What are these antibiotics and from what age can they be given to children, we will tell in our article.

What broad-spectrum antibiotics for children can be given

penicillin series. Amoxicillin can be taken immediately after birth - from 0 years.
- Protected penicillins: Amoxicillin + Clavulanic acid, can be given to children from 2 years old;
Cephalosporins can be taken predominantly from 6 months(this applies to first, second and third generation cephalosporins), ceftriaxone in the form of injections is prescribed from birth.
Macrolides - Azithromycin - can be taken from 6 months.

What is the best antibiotic for children

There is no correct answer to this question. And the question, to be honest, is not entirely correct, since the choice of antibiotic depends on many factors:

what pathogen caused the disease, is the antibiotic sensitive to it or not;
the severity of the disease;
the age of the child (some antibiotics can be given to children immediately after birth, some from 6 months, and some from 6 years);
when was the last antibiotic taken and which one;
individual intolerance and allergic reactions.

Amoxicillin - modern analogues

Children from 0 years of age are allowed to use penicillin antibiotics. The most common drugs from this group today are Amoxicillin. If your child has not previously taken any antibiotics or takes them very rarely, the last dose was more than 3 months ago, then amoxicillin will become a reliable assistant in the fight against a bacterial infection. It can be taken with tonsillitis, bronchitis, tracheitis, sinusitis, even with pneumonia. With infections of the skin and biliary tract. Amoxicillin is also included in the protocol for the treatment of peptic ulcer or gastritis associated with Helicobacter pylori (Helicobacter pylori).

Amoxicillin - analogues for children, a list of drugs

Amoxil;
Flemoxin;
Amosin;
Ecobo;
Amoxil DT;
Amoxicillin Solutab - Kredopharm;
Amoxicillin Solutab - Norton;
Amoxicillin - Astrapharm;
Amoxicillin - Forte;
Ospamox;
Amofast;
V-Mox;
Graximol;
Iramox;
Hyconcil.

Amoxicillin for children dosage in tablets, suspension and syrup

The dose of amoxicillin for children is calculated very simply. For the youngest children - from birth to 2 years - the dose of amoxicillin is 20 mg / kg per day. You need to apply in two doses per day. Calculation example: a child weighs 10 kg 10 x 20 = 200 mg per day. We break it down into two doses, it turns out that 100 mg 2 times a day. If we take a suspension of 125 mg / 5 ml, then we need to give the child 4 ml of amoxicillin 2 times a day. Antibiotics from this group are available in various forms (in tablets and capsules of 250 mg, 500 mg and 1000 mg; in the form of suspensions of 125 mg / 5 ml, 100 ml or 60 ml bottle; in the form of suspensions of 250 mg / 5 ml, 60 ml or 100 ml). For children over 2 years of age and weighing less than 40 kg, the daily dose is 25-90 mg/kg. It all depends on the weight of the child and the severity of the infection.

For children who have already taken the above antibiotics, those who have developed resistance to penicillins, there are protected penicillins. The same amoxicillin, but in combination with clavulanic acid. Clavulanic acid has an antibacterial effect, but its main benefit is that it inhibits beta-lactamase and helps penicillin work in penicillin-resistant infections. The antibacterial spectrum is the same as that of amoxicillin.

Here is a list of the most famous combinations of amoxicillin with clavulanic acid:

Augmentin;
Amoxiclav;
Amoxil K;
Flemoklav;
Medoklav;
Arlet;
Amovicomb;
Amoxivan;
Abiclav;
A-Clav-Pharmex;
Amox-Apo-Clav;
Coact;
Amoxiplus Farmunion;
Betaclav;
Camox Clave;
Clavam;
Clavamitin;
clavuxicin;
Clamox;
Novaklav;
Panklav;
Rapiclav;
Teraklav.

As you can see, the list of protected penicillins is quite extensive. This suggests that this combination of amoxicillin with clavulanic acid is a very successful combination that has a good therapeutic effect not only in children, but is also included in the treatment protocols for many diseases for adults. It must be taken by children who are already 2 years old. Studies on the use in younger children have not been conducted. Yes, and clavulanic acid itself has a certain toxic effect, so for very young children under 2 years old we choose pure amoxicillin, and older ones can also use protected penicillins with clavulanic acid. The dosage is calculated in the same way as for pure amoxicillin (see above).

Can children give azithromycin

Another antibiotic that can be used in children is azithromycin. It belongs to the group of macrolides and is approved for use from 6 months. The original drug is Sumammad. Azitmroicin is active in bacterial infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract, diseases of the upper respiratory tract, skin infections, infections of the genitourinary system. In general, it is also a representative of broad-spectrum antibiotics. Available in the form of tablets, capsules and suspensions (syrup).

Azithromycin synonyms - analogues of the preparation

Azidrop;
Azitro-Sandoz;
Azitral;
Azitrox;
Azithromycin Zentiva, - Forte, -OBL, - Red Star, -Health, etc.
Zitrolide;
AzitRus;
Zitrolid Forte;
Zee Factor;
Saphocid;
Suitrox;
Hemomycin;
Sumamed;
Ecomed;
Ziomycin;
Azimed;
Zitrox;
Ormax.

Available in capsules and tablets of 125 mg, 250 mg, 500 mg and 1000 mg. For children, the actual dose is 125 mg - 250 mg in capsules and in suspension of 100 mg / 5 ml and 200 mg / 5 ml. Children aged 6 months and older are prescribed at the rate of 10 mg / kg of body weight 1 time / day for 3 - 6 days, depending on the nature and severity of the disease. An example of calculating the dose of azithromycin for a child. For example: a child is 2 years old, weighs 13 kg. We multiply the weight of the child by the number of mg of azithromycin. 13 * 10 = 130 mg per day, in one dose. It turns out that we need to give the child 6.5 ml of azithromycin suspension (100 mg / 5 ml).

Although azithromycin has a good therapeutic effect, however, referring to my experience, I will say that I am skeptical about azithromycin. The reason for this attitude is the frequent side effects from the gastrointestinal tract in the form of bloating, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Although these side effects disappear immediately after the drug is discontinued, this is already too much for a small sick child. This is my personal opinion, especially since there are safer broad-spectrum antibiotics such as penicillins and cephalosporins.

To avoid or reduce the side effects of azithromycin, it must be taken one hour before meals or two hours after meals.

Cephalosporins for children

Another group of antibiotics that can be taken by children is called cephalosporins. Among this group of antibacterial drugs, 5 generations are distinguished, but children are allowed drugs of the first 3 generations, and some drugs of the 4th generation are allowed for health reasons. Cephalosporins can be taken by children from 6 months, they have a bactericidal effect in bacterial infections of the ENT organs, upper and lower respiratory tract. The 3rd generation also has a pronounced antibacterial effect in infections of the genitourinary system. For this group, I dedicated a separate article in which I spoke in detail about all generations of cephalosporins for children. Cephalosporins for children | List of analogues, dosage calculation

Sincerely, Skalitsky Mikhail Alexandrovich