Bacterial eye infection symptoms treatment. Infectious eye diseases. Types of infectious eye diseases

Date: 04/01/2016

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The main types of conjunctivitis and their symptoms
Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis and pharyngoconjunctival fever
Other infectious eye diseases

An infection of the eye, the symptoms of which rarely spread to a certain age category of people, can greatly harm the visual organ. Be aware that an eye infection has symptoms in the form of eye irritation, eyelid swelling, and more severe symptoms.

Infection of the eye includes symptoms indicative of such classes of diseases as:

conjunctivitis;
blepharitis;
keratitis.

Moreover, the main part of infectious diseases of the eye is conjunctivitis (more than 60%), blepharitis is less common (about 25% of the world population), keratitis occurs in no more than 5% of the world population. These classes include a variety of ocular infectious diseases.

The main types of conjunctivitis and their symptoms

This infection, depending on the rate of development of signs, can occur in 3 types: chronic, acute and fulminant.

Lightning is dangerous because they lead to a violation of the cornea and loss of vision. It causes urgent medical condition. At timely handling to an ophthalmologist, the patient is prescribed treatment with antimicrobial drugs (they may be ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin and others).

This ailment occurs in people of any age due to a lack of antibacterial qualities of the lacrimal fluid, and about 30% of newborns become infected during the passage birth canal a woman in labor with a chlamydial or gonococcal infection (causing complete blindness). The course of the disease has an acute form with symptoms of conjunctiva, burning, pain, discomfort, eyelid deformity, swelling around the eye, inability to fully open the eye due to sticking after sleep; purulent discharge occurs, minor ulcers may appear at the edges of the eyelids.

The disease spreads to both eyes. First one gets infected, then the other. The reason for this is direct contact with infected biomaterial, but sometimes it can join in the form of an independent disease with tonsillitis, rhinitis or tonsillitis.

Acute conjunctivitis can occur due to hypothermia, overheating, exposure to physical and chemical harmful factors. This disease manifests itself in the form of a feeling of sand in the eyes, burning, redness, mucopurulent discharge, difficulty opening the eyes after sleep. The mucosa becomes loosened, the eyeball becomes red, the pattern of the meibolic glands becomes poorly visible or invisible at all. Therapy this disease includes washing the eyeball with solutions specially prescribed by an ophthalmologist.

Acute viral conjunctivitis can be complicated by adenoviral conjunctivitis, which includes keratoconjunctivitis and pharyngoconjunctival fever.

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Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis and pharyngoconjunctival fever

Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis is a complication of acute viral conjunctivitis in the form of corneal lesions. The onset of infection lasts about a week, accompanied by the following symptoms: headache, general weakness, insomnia, redness of the mucosa, the presence of thin films in the conjunctiva, sometimes - lacrimation and point opacities. Most often, infection occurs through contact with an infected object, less often - by airborne droplets i.e. it is contagious. Consequence past illness is impaired vision. Acute epidemic conjunctivitis is characterized by profuse hemorrhages of the eye. Past epidemic keratoconjunctivitis confers immunity to the disease for the rest of the patient's life.

adenovirus conjunctivitis. Its development occurs most often in one eye. The main pathogens are adenoviruses. With this disease, there is significant lacrimation, high photosensitivity, redness of the eyeballs, swelling of the eyelids, a feeling of pain, burning and discomfort. It is transmitted by airborne droplets. May occur due to contact with dirty hands.

Other disease factors:

SARS;
mechanical damage to the eye;
surgical intervention to eliminate ailments of the cornea;
stress;
usage contact lenses.
Pharyngoconjunctival fever is not as difficult to tolerate as epidemic keratoconjunctivitis, the cornea does not become cloudy.

The incubation period is 5-6 days. Infection is carried out mainly by airborne droplets, and most often it affects children's groups. The disease manifests itself with the following symptoms:

chills;
elevated temperature;
swollen lymph nodes;
intoxication;
catarrhal inflammation of the nasal mucosa;
cough, initially dry, then wet;
membranous conjunctivitis, which arose on the 5th-6th day of infection.

Dangerous pharyngoconjunctival disease by the development of adenovirus pneumonia with severe intoxication, cyanosis and shortness of breath. Some outbreaks among pediatric patients have been fatal.

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Other infectious eye diseases

Some other infectious diseases of the eye include:

Acute bacterial conjunctivitis. Develops rapidly. It proceeds with hyperemia, infiltration, uncomfortable, painful and burning sensations, strong purulent discharge. Sometimes there is a hemorrhage, the formation of papillae on the mucosa. Contributes to the development of infectious diseases of the cornea in the form of bacterial keratitis or corneal purulent ulcer. The disease is benign, properly conducted therapy with erythromycin, tetracycline and other ointments and medicines prescribed by an ophthalmologist lasts up to 5 days.
Trachoma. May present in an acute form chronic disease. With this disease, infiltration of the conjunctiva of the eye occurs, follicles are formed, then in their place - scars, tissues swell, the cornea is affected, the eyelids are partially wrapped, the location of the eyelashes changes. Symptoms of an advanced form of the disease: blurred vision, clouding of the cornea, the appearance of conjunctival scars. With this disease, antimicrobial drugs are prescribed.
Inclusion conjunctivitis occurs in both newborns and adults. Unlike trachoma, there are no scars, the rest of the symptoms are identical. mucous secretion may be sticky. Newborns become ill with this disease during the passage of the genital organs of the woman in labor. Doctors prescribe antimicrobials.
bacterial keratitis. It occurs due to the action of bacteria on the cornea. Edema appears, acute pain of the eye, suppuration, superficial or deep manifestations, corneal opacities, infiltrates of a yellowish and rusty hue appear, vision is reduced. This disease is characterized by rapid progress.
Regional (superficial) keratitis. There are small gray infiltrates that can cause a crescent-shaped ulcer. Some scarring occurs, the ulcer provokes a serious deterioration in vision. For complex treatment prescribe etiotropic drugs.
A corneal ulcer occurs when diplococcus, streptococcus, staphylococcus enters the affected area of the cornea after marginal keratitis. The eye becomes more irritated, the eyelids become swollen, and the cornea around the eye becomes more swollen. The iris is affected, the pattern is smoothed out, the pupil narrows, a thorn appears. Severe course the disease becomes the cause of persistent intense clouding, the eye tissue is completely destroyed, the apple completely atrophies. Corneal ulcer with gonoblenorrhea - white color causes corneal staphyloma.
Blepharitis. A group of eye diseases with chronic inflammation of the eyelids. Gradually affects the conjunctiva and cornea. Causes: weakening of the body, lack of vitamins, non-compliance hygiene standards, myopia, hypermetropia, chronic conjunctivitis, constant irritation by external factors. Symptoms: itching, heaviness of the eyelids, the appearance of scales on them, swelling and redness, distortion of eyelash growth.

Infectious diseases of the eye in ophthalmic practice occupy one of the first places. The inflammatory process is able to capture different parts of the visual analyzers, and in the absence of adequate therapy, provoke complications. modern medicine offers a sufficient number of environments for the fight and prevention with a solution to the problem of eye infection.

Sources of the disease

Eye infections are provoked by staphylococcal and streptococcal pathogens. Spreading pathogenic microflora can be caused by a variety of reasons:

traumatizations;
a decrease in the functionality of the autoimmune system;
entry of foreign bodies;
violation of the rules of asepsis and antisepsis during surgical interventions;
allergies;
communication with the carrier;
therapy with immunosuppressive drugs;
overstrain of the organs of vision;
increased dryness of the air;
violation of the rules for wearing contact lenses and personal hygiene.

Disease options

Each infectious eye disease has its own characteristics and symptomatic manifestations. The main ailments are:

- the inflammatory process is more often provoked by the penetration of viruses, in 10–15% bacteria become the source of the disease. In childhood, according to average statistics, the percentage of bacterial and viral sources of eye infection is on the same positions.

At secondary lesion eyelids and corneas along with the conjunctiva, pathologies are called "blepharoconjunctivitis", "keratoconjunctivitis". Adenovirus enters the body by airborne droplets, outbreaks of epidemic eye infections are often recorded in preschool and school institutions.

acute form conjunctivitis is formed with the penetration of staphylococcal, streptococcal, pneumococcal and other bacterial microflora. Viral variants of this eye infection develop in diseases of the upper respiratory tract. Bacterial - due to a pathogen prone to producing a purulent secret.

Both types of eye infections are contagious.

- the inflammatory process is provoked by bacteria, in cases of exclusion, Staphylococcus aureus becomes the cause of the disease. The acute form of the disease affects the inflammation of the hair follicles of the eyelashes, the glands around them.

A swelling forms in the penetration zone, causing discomfort and pain. On the third day, a head forms on it, under which a purulent secret accumulates. inner form an infectious disease of the eye affects the meibomian glands located at the edges of the eyelids - meibomitis.

The cause of an eye infection is a decrease in the efficiency of the autoimmune system, as a consequence of a passing colds. Properly selected therapy allows you to solve the problem in a few days, without the development of complications.

Pathology refers to a group of eye infections. The main feature of diseases is inflammatory response, capturing the edges of the eyelids, difficult to treat. The cause of their development is Staphylococcus aureus.

According to the location of the inflammation, blepharitis is divided into:

on the anterior marginal - with damage to the ciliary edge of the eyelids;
rear marginal - with the capture of the meibomian gland;
angular - the infection is localized in the corners of the eyes.

Specialists distinguish the following variants of blepharitis:

ulcerative;
scaly;
meibomian;
rosacea.

Therapy of the affected eye takes a month - after the disappearance of the main symptomatic signs. The basis of treatment is to increase the functionality of the autoimmune system.

- this infection eye leads to swelling of the upper part of the eyelid, with hyperemia skin. The infiltrated pathogen causes an inflammatory process in the lacrimal glands, the main clinical sign of the disease is increased lacrimation.

Acute dacryoadenitis occurs with bacterial and viral lesions. chronic course characterized by non-infectious causes.

- the disease is formed when the cornea is traumatized, as a complication of a neglected conjunctiva, in severe forms of influenza or tuberculosis. Superficial keratitis affects the upper layers of the cornea, deep - the inner region.

Infectious type of keratitis occurs under the influence of the following sources:

Clinical signs inflammatory process depend on the type of eye disease. Common symptomatic manifestations are presented:

redness of the protein membranes;
increased secretion of lacrimal secretion;
discharge from the organs of vision of a whitish or yellowish-greenish hue;
the appearance of crusts on the eyelids and eyelashes, preventing patients from opening their eyes in the morning;
swelling of the eyelids;
obsessive itching;
cutting;
discomfort and soreness.

Patients should seek professional help when negative manifestations that do not disappear for several days. The following clinical features should attract attention:

severe hyperemia of the eyes;
significant swelling;
constant tearing;
different pupil diameters;
decreased visual acuity;
fear of the world.

Diagnostic examinations

When seeking professional help, the patient is referred for a consultation with an ophthalmologist. The doctor conducts an initial diagnosis:

verification of visual acuity;
assessment general condition cornea with a slit lamp;
general examination of the organs of vision;
the fundus of the eye must be examined.

Used to detect infections of the eyeballs a large number of diagnostic methods:

microscopic examination;
corneal biopsy - to obtain information on histological and histochemical analysis;
for accelerated detection of viruses, an immunofluorescence reaction is used;
with a bacterial and mycotic factor, a bacteriological analysis of secretions is used;
disk-diffuse technique allows you to determine the type of infiltrated microflora;
PCR reaction - accurately determines the type of causative agent of eye infection.

The received data are processed, according to them the treatment scheme is determined.

Therapy Methods

Treatment tactics depend on the type of infection that has penetrated.

With bacterial - initial stages The development of the disease is stopped by bacteriostatic drugs - Albucid, Vitabact. Further damage to the organs of vision requires the use of antibacterial drugs.

Therapy by instillation of eyeballs is carried out by Tobrex, Tsipromed, Dancil, Signicefa, Fucitalmik, Sulfacil-sodium, Maxitrol. Treatment with ointments is carried out on the basis of Floksal, Erythromycin, Tetracycline.

With viral - The main method of treating infectious eye damage is the use of drugs in the form of drops and ointments. Instillation is performed by Oftalmoferon, Aktipol, Anandin, Tobrex. Ointments - Acyclovir, Zovirax, Virolex, Bonafton.

With fungal - antimycotic treatment also requires the use of drops and ointments. First group medicinal substances represented by Amphotericin, Natamycin, Acromycin, Okomistin, Fluconazole. Therapy with ointments - Miconazole, Nystatin, Levorin.

Parallel to medications patients are recommended to take multivitamin complexes to increase the efficiency of the protective barriers of the immune system.

Each pharmacological subgroup of drugs has its own, narrowly focused range of effects. Self-treatment attempts, without visiting a local ophthalmologist, can provoke a number of serious complications. AT better case will not have the desired effect.

Preventive actions

To prevent the formation of eye infections, doctors recommend adhering to the following provisions:

Observe the requirements for personal hygiene - it is forbidden to use other people's towels, handkerchiefs, care products, decorative cosmetics. Do not touch the area of the organs of vision with dirty hands.

For certain types of work, one should not forget about the importance of eye protection - specialized glasses will prevent accidental injuries and the ingress of foreign bodies. The problem often occurs among workers in sawmills, factories, mechanics.

The constant use of contact lenses requires compliance with the processing rules. It is forbidden to violate the manufacturer's recommendations on the terms of use, to ignore the need for rinsing in specialized solutions. The first symptomatic signs of an eye infection require a transition to wearing glasses.

The basis for preventing diseases of the organs of vision is to increase the performance of the autoimmune system. Experts recommend using multivitamin complexes, hiking on the fresh air, increased motor and physical activity, the transition to a balanced diet.

Prompt treatment of any colds will reduce the risk of developing eye diseases. Clinical signs of inflammatory processes lead to the need to visit a district ophthalmologist. The doctor will determine the nature of the disease, prescribe the most appropriate course of treatment.

Fulfillment of the requirements of prevention will avoid many ophthalmic diseases, subsequent complications and the need for long-term treatment.

The eye is protected from the influence of negative external factors by the anatomical barrier of the eyelid. Its surface is continuously moistened with tears containing lysozyme, lactoferrin, B-lysine and other biologically active substances. The blink reflex ensures the renewal of the tear film and the removal of small specks that have fallen on the conjunctiva. However, despite the presence of all these defense mechanisms, eye infections occur quite often. Eye infections can affect any part of the eye, including the eyelids, conjunctiva, cornea, and other layers.

The success of the treatment of infectious ophthalmic diseases in children and adults depends on the timely start of treatment and the exact implementation of the doctor's recommendations.

Eye infections - what should you know about them?

Infectious lesions of various parts of the eye most often in adults are of viral origin; children have the same frequency of viral and bacterial infections eye.

Inflammation of the conjunctiva (thin upper shell eyes) is called conjunctivitis; inflammation of the cornea - keratitis. Blepharitis, barley (hordeolum) and dacryoadenitis are inflammatory diseases of the eyelids. Infections can cause deep lesions century: deep barley and chalazion.

The most common of all these pathologies is conjunctivitis.

Diseases of any part of the eye cause severe discomfort to the patient and require immediate treatment.

In case of inflammation of the eyes, it is necessary to consult a doctor who will establish a diagnosis and prescribe appropriate treatment in order to avoid the development of serious complications, such as reduced visual acuity.

The reasons

Eye infections can be caused by viruses (most commonly adenoviruses, herpes viruses), bacteria (staphylococci, streptococci), or fungi. Approximately one third of infectious eye diseases are associated with chlamydia. Chlamydia are opportunistic microorganisms that occupy an intermediate position between viruses and bacteria.

Redness and inflammation of the eyes can also be the result of allergic reactions due to irritation from certain pollutants, such as smoke, makeup, and chlorinated water in swimming pools.

The following factors contribute to the occurrence of ophthalmic diseases:

injuries caused by impact or surgery;
violation of the formation of the tear film;
weakened immune system (for example, with HIV infection or as a result of immunosuppressive therapy).

Signs of ophthalmic infections

Infectious eye diseases are characterized by symptoms such as:

pain, burning in the eyes;
feeling of sand in the eye while blinking;
redness of the eye protein;
swelling of the eyelids;
photophobia (increased sensitivity to light),
decreased visual acuity;
blurred field of vision;
anisocoria (different size pupils);
thick white or yellow discharge from the eye;
lacrimation;
dry crusts on the eyelid and in the corners of the eyes after sleep;
swelling or peeling of the skin of the eyelids;
small reddish lump at the edge of the eyelid (stye).

The most common types of ophthalmic diseases

Conjunctivitis

This is the most common infectious disease encountered by ophthalmologists. The disease occurs in acute or chronic form. Bacteria (staphylococci, streptococci, etc.), viruses (adenovirus, virus herpes simplex), chlamydia, and even (rarely) fungi.

In clinical signs, in addition to pain and redness of the eye, hypersecretion of aqueous humor dominates (with viral inflammation), mucopurulent or purulent discharge(with bacterial conjunctivitis). In the case of allergic conjunctivitis, the secretion of mucus predominates.

Treatment is systemic, with penicillin antibiotics being the first choice. A person is contagious in the first days of illness. Conjunctivitis is transmitted by contact-household way.

Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis

This eye infection is caused by adenoviruses and is characterized by simultaneous inflammation of the conjunctiva and cornea. The person is contagious in the first 14 days. Treatment is symptomatic and often long-term.

herpetic infection

Herpes viruses cause inflammation of the conjunctiva, and often the cornea. It is extremely important to start treating the disease in a timely manner by using antiviral drugs. A complication of herpes simplex can be inflammation of the iris - iritis.

Infectious keratitis

Keratitis can be bacterial or viral in origin. The disease is characterized by pain, redness of the eyes, photophobia, often reduced visual acuity. Some bacteria lead to the formation of characteristic corneal ulcers, which in some cases may even perforate. If the disease penetrates into the deeper layers of the cornea, a scar is formed, which reduces vision. Bacterial keratitis requires urgent emergency treatment antibiotics.

Deep inflammation of the eyelids

This group of diseases includes barley and chalazion.

Hordeolum (barley) is an inflammation of the lacrimal glands caused by microbes, often staphylococcus aureus. The area of inflammation becomes red and very painful. There is infiltration and a small abscess that usually perforates on its own, so an incision is not necessary. Warm compresses can speed up the process of opening the abscess.

Chalazion is an inflammation of the meibomian glands, often turning into chronic stage when a painless lump appears under the skin of the eyelid. Extirpation is performed - removal of the chalazion along with the surrounding tissues.

Ulcerative blepharitis

This is an acute inflammation of the eyelids caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Ulcers form among the eyelashes, purulent discharge appears, the eyelid turns red and swells. The disease can leave scars with no or wrong growth eyelashes. The disease is treated with antibiotic ointments.

Abscesses and phlegmon of the eyelids

We are talking about various forms of acute purulent infection of the eyelids. Treatment consists of topical application antibiotics; if necessary, a surgical opening of the focus of suppuration is performed.

Dacryoadenitis (inflammation of the lacrimal gland)

This disease occurs relatively rarely, can be acute or chronic. The disease is characterized by swelling upper eyelid; the affected area is sore and red. A complication of the disease can be an abscess or blockage tear duct caused by swelling, stenosis, or adhesions. It is treated with antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs.

Treatment of eye infections

Serious eye infections require immediate medical attention. Minor illnesses can go away on their own, naturally, however, if the inflammation persists for 3-4 days, you should consult a doctor.

In most cases, the treatment of eye diseases is based on the topical application of antibiotics (antiviral, antifungal drugs) in the form of drops or ointments. Thus, the tactics of therapy depends on the causative agent of the infection. The doctor determines the type of pathogen based on clinical symptoms and laboratory results.

In addition, the choice medicines influenced by factors such as:

presence/absence of glaucoma;
age of the person (treatment of young children differs significantly from that of adult patients).

Medical treatment

For bacterial ophthalmic infections, antibiotic drops are used:

Sulfacyl sodium (Albucid);
Tsipromed;
Maxitrol;
Dancil;
Signicef and others.

In the form of ointments, Tetracycline, Erythromycin, Floxal are used.

On the early stages disease is enough application antiseptic Vitabact (in drops).

Drops effective for viral eye infections:

Oftalmoferon;
Tobrex;
Anandin;
Aktipol.

Antiviral eye ointments:

Bonafton;
Zovirax;
Acyclovir;
Virolex.

With mycoses (fungal infections), eye drops are prescribed:

Fluconazole;
Amphotericin;
Okomistin and others.

Antifungal eye ointments:

Miconazole;
Nystatin;
Levorin.

To strengthen therapeutic effect you can take vitamin C and zinc for about a month. Both substances increase the intensity of the immune system, help fight infection and are of no small importance in the prevention of relapses.

Traditional medicine

It is widely known such a remedy as lotions on an inflamed eye from fresh strong brewing of black tea. Used and water infusions medicinal herbs.

Ophthalmic inflammations are often caused by damage or tension in the blood vessels. As a prophylaxis, blueberry extract is effective, which strengthens capillaries.

Eyebright officinalis

Dosage: a teaspoon of dry grass should be poured with 500 ml of boiling water, cool and strain.

Chamomile

Dosage: 2-3 teaspoons of dried flowers should be poured into 250 ml of boiling water, cool and strain.

Hydrastis

Dosage: 1 teaspoon of dry grass should be poured with 500 ml of boiling water, cool and strain.

Wash your hands with antiseptic soap and do not rub your eyes - eye infections are highly contagious.
Do not paint your eyes or wear contact lenses during an infection.
Wipe discharge from an infected eye with a soft, sterile cotton pad, which should be discarded after use to prevent the spread of infection.
Always prepare compresses for each eye separately.

21-11-2018, 14:35

Description

In this article, we will look at eye diseases such as blepharitis, inflammation optic nerve, purulent eye infection, dacryocystitis, keratitis, keratoconjunctivitis, viral conjunctivitis, gonococcal conjunctivitis, retrobulbar neuritis, periostitis of the ocular orbit, scleritis, phlegmon, choroiditis (posterior uveitis) and barley.

Blepharitis

This ailment is a focus of inflammation, localized on the edge of the upper or lower eyelid (sometimes inflammation affects the edges of both eyelids). The reasons for the development of blepharitis can be prolonged exposure of the eyes to caustic substances, volatile liquids, smoke (when working on harmful production), Availability chronic focus infections in the body or infection after a minor injury to the eyelids.

There are 3 forms this disease - simple, ulcerative and scaly.

Simple blepharitis is a reddening of the edges of the eyelids that does not spread to the surrounding tissues and is accompanied by slight swelling. The patient has discomfort in the eyes (“a speck hit”, “an eyelash curled up”). After washing cool water these symptoms do not go away. The frequency of eyelid movements gradually increases (the patient begins to blink frequently), foamy or purulent discharge from the inner corners of the eye may be observed.
Scaly blepharitismanifested by noticeable swelling and pronounced redness of the edges of the eyelids. A characteristic feature of this form of the disease is the formation of grayish or pale yellow scales on the eyelids (at the roots of the eyelashes), similar to dandruff. When mechanically removed cotton swab the skin becomes thin and bleeds slightly. The patient feels severe itching in the eyelids, there may be complaints about the presence of a foreign body in the eye and pain when blinking. In advanced cases, the pain in the eyelids increases, forcing the patient to spend most of daylight hours in a darkened room. Visual acuity may be reduced.
Ulcerative blepharitis- the most severe form of this disease. It starts with classic symptoms which are detailed above. Then the patient's condition noticeably worsens. A characteristic sign of ulcerative blepharitis is the presence of dried pus at the roots of the eyelashes. The resulting crusts cause the eyelashes to stick together. It is very difficult to remove them, since touching the inflamed skin is quite painful. After the elimination of purulent crusts, small ulcers remain on the eyelids. If the treatment was not started in a timely manner, they heal very slowly, while the growth of eyelashes is only partially restored. Later, unpleasant complications can occur - violations of the direction of eyelash growth, their loss, as well as other eye diseases (for example, conjunctivitis) caused by the further spread of the infection.

Inflammation of the optic nerve

This disease is an inflammatory process, the focus of which is localized in the intraorbital region of the optic nerve. The most common cause of the disease is the penetration into the organs of vision of a descending infection with meningitis, severe forms oh sinusitis or chronic otitis media. Rarely, inflammation of the optic nerve has non-infectious nature and develops against the background of a general allergic reaction or chemical poisoning.

The severity of the patient's condition and the nature of the development of the disease depend on the causes that caused this pathology. For example, in case of poisoning with a fast-acting toxin, a rapid damage to the optic nerve develops (within a few hours after the poisonous substance enters the body).

Usually the consequences of this pathology are irreversible. For infectious processes characteristic is the gradual development of symptoms of trouble - within a few days or weeks.

The first signs of inflammation of the optic nerve are a decrease in visual acuity (without visible reasons), a change in the boundaries of the field of view and a violation of the perception of some colors of the spectrum. An ophthalmological examination reveals such characteristic changes in the visible part of the optic nerve head as hyperemia, swelling, blurred outlines, swelling of the ophthalmic arteries and an increase in the length of the veins.

With untimely detection of the primary focus of inflammation, the disease progresses. Hyperemia of the disk of the optic nerve increases, swelling increases.

After a while, it merges with the surrounding tissues. Sometimes microscopic hemorrhages inside the retina, clouding vitreous body.

Mild forms of inflammation of the optic nerve can be completely cured(in case of timely started therapy). After immune stimulation and antibiotic treatment ophthalmic nerve again takes on a natural shape, and its functioning is normalized. The severe course of the disease leads to atrophic degeneration of the optic nerve and a persistent decrease in visual acuity.

Purulent eye infection

This disease is caused by pathogenic microorganisms. Usually this disease is a consequence of the penetration of streptococci or staphylococci into the eyeball. Often the cause of the development of a purulent infection is injury to the eye with a sharp object.

There are 3 stages of this disease- iridocyclitis, panophthalmitis and endophthalmitis.

The first symptoms of iridocyclitis occur 1-2 days after injury to the eye. Even light touches to the eyeball are impossible due to very severe pain. The iris is painted in a grayish or yellowish hue (pus accumulates in it), and the pupil seems to be immersed in a gray haze.

Endophthalmitis- a more severe form of purulent inflammation of the eye than iridocyclitis. In the absence of timely treatment, the infection spreads to the retina, pain is felt by the patient even at rest or during closed eye. Visual acuity drops very quickly down to almost zero (only light perception is preserved). When examined by an ophthalmologist, characteristic signs of pathology are revealed - vasodilatation of the conjunctiva, staining of the fundus in yellowish or greenish tint(pus accumulates there).

Panophthalmitis- enough rare complication endophthalmitis. Usually, the disease does not reach this stage, since timely treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics can prevent the further development of an infectious pathology. However, the symptoms of panophthalmitis should be known in order to prevent vision loss and promptly seek help from a specialist. At this stage of the disease, purulent inflammation spreads to all tissues of the eyeball.

Arises very strong pain in the eye, the eyelids swell, the mucous membrane turns red and swells. Accumulations of pus appear through the cornea, the color of the white of the eye becomes yellowish or greenish. Touching the eyeball is impossible due to very intense pain. The skin around the eye socket is red and swollen. An ocular abscess may also occur. In the most severe cases, surgery is performed. Even with success conservative therapy visual acuity in the affected eye is markedly reduced.

Dacryocystitis

This is an inflammation of the lacrimal sac infectious origin. The reason for the development of this disease is the active reproduction of pathogenic microbes in the cavity of the lacrimal sac. Predisposing factors are a congenital structural feature of the lacrimal canal (obstruction, narrowed areas) and stagnation of fluid inside the lacrimal gland. In newborns, sometimes there is a false obstruction of the lacrimal canal, in which there is a membrane between the lacrimal sac and the nasolacrimal canal. This defect is easily eliminated, usually it does not lead to the development of the disease.

Dacryocystitis has an acute and chronic form . In the first case, it develops very quickly, and periodic exacerbations are characteristic of the chronic form.

The first symptoms of trouble are the appearance of liquid purulent discharge from the affected eye and excessive lacrimation. After a while next to inside corner eye, a tumor develops, shaped like a bean (this is a swollen lacrimal gland). If you gently press it, pus or liquid slime. Sometimes, as the disease progresses, dropsy of the lacrimal gland develops.

Dacryocystitis as an independent disease is not dangerous, it is easily and completely cured, if therapy was prescribed and carried out in a timely manner. If the diagnosis was made incorrectly or late, the infection spreads to the surrounding tissues, causing keratitis and conjunctivitis, as a result, visual acuity may decrease.

Keratitis

This is an infectious or post-traumatic inflammatory process localized in the tissues of the cornea. Depending on the predisposing factors acting on the eyeball, there are exogenous and endogenous forms of this disease, as well as its specific varieties (for example, a creeping corneal ulcer).

Exogenous keratitis occurs after injury to the eye, chemical burn, infection of the cornea with viruses, microbes or fungi. And the endogenous form develops against the background of the progression of a creeping corneal ulcer, common infectious diseases of fungal, microbial or viral nature(e.g. syphilis, herpes, influenza). Sometimes the cause of the development of keratitis is certain metabolic abnormalities and hereditary predisposition.

Progressive keratitis in the absence of timely therapy, it first causes tissue infiltration, then ulceration, and it ends with regeneration.

The infiltrated area is formed due to the accumulation of cells transported to the cornea through the blood vessels. Externally, the infiltrate is a fuzzy yellowish or grayish spot with blurry edges. The area of the lesion can be either microscopic, pinpoint, or global, covering the entire area of the cornea. The formation of an infiltrate leads to the development of photophobia, decreased visual acuity, profuse lacrimation and spasm of the muscles of the eyelids (the so-called corneal syndrome). Further development of keratitis depends on various factors- both external and internal.

In rare cases, the disease goes away without treatment, but such an outcome is almost impossible.

If the diagnosis was not made on time, keratitis progresses. The infiltrate gradually disintegrates, focal necrosis of the cornea occurs, followed by its rejection. After some time, an ulcer with swollen edges and a rough structure forms on the surface of the infected eye. In the absence of appropriate therapy, it spreads along the cornea, while penetrating into the depths of the eyeball.

The healing of the defect described above is possible only if the causes of the disease are eliminated (prescription of broad-spectrum antibiotics, treatment of the consequences of trauma, normalization of metabolism, etc.).

Gradually, the ulcer heals - first, the swelling of its edges disappears, then the transparency of the corneal tissues is restored, and the regeneration process is normalized. Usually, after the defect has healed, a scar remains, consisting of connective tissue. If the area of the ulcer was insignificant, visual acuity is not impaired, however, with an extensive focus of inflammation, it may decrease up to complete blindness.

Creeping corneal ulcer is one of the severe forms of infectious keratitis. Its causative agent is the pathogenic microorganism diplococcus. Infection occurs after mechanical damage to the cornea (injury by a foreign body, development of erosion, abrasions, minor injuries). Less commonly, microbes enter it from the conjunctiva, from the cavity of the lacrimal sac or other foci of inflammation present in the body.

This disease is characterized fast development pathological process. One day after infection, a gray infiltrate localized on the cornea can already be seen, which disintegrates after 2-3 days and turns into a noticeable ulcer. Between the iris and the cornea, pus accumulates, which is a characteristic sign of the development of this form of keratitis, which has great importance for diagnostics. Usually one edge of the ulcer is noticeably raised and swollen, while the other is flattened.

Another form of this disease is marginal keratitis- develops against the background of inflammation of the cornea. The cause of its occurrence is conjunctivitis or an infectious disease of the eyelids. It appears as a result of constant contact of the inflamed area of the eyelid with the cornea. For marginal keratitis, the duration of the course and the very slow healing of the formed defect are characteristic.

Entitled " keratomycosis» keratitis is combined, the cause of which is the penetration of pathogenic fungi into the eyeball. The most common causative agent of keratomycosis is a fungus. genus Candida which also causes thrush. Its active reproduction occurs against the background of a violation of the natural microflora (after taking potent antibiotics or hormone therapy, due to specific disorders metabolism). The first symptom of keratomycosis is usually the appearance of a whitish spot on the cornea with a loose surface. Gradually, it increases in diameter and is limited to a yellowish stripe. As the pathogenic fungus spreads, necrosis of the tissues of the eye develops. After healing of the formed defect of the cornea, characteristic areas of scar tissue remain (the so-called leukoma). Corneal perforation never occurs in keratomycosis, but visual acuity may be markedly reduced.

Tuberculous keratitis is secondary disease, which develops due to the spread of mycobacteria throughout the body. This form is usually diagnosed in children, and there is a pronounced lesion of lung tissue. The beginning of the pathological process is characterized by the appearance of light gray nodules - conflicts - along the edges of the cornea. At the same time, photophobia, excessive lacrimation and muscle spasms of both eyelids are observed. In the absence of timely treatment, the nodules increase in diameter, and blood vessels grow into the cornea, which is accompanied by very unpleasant sensations.

After appropriate therapy most of nodules resolves without leaving marks on the cornea. The remaining conflicts are converted into deep sores, the healing of which leads to the formation of scars. In severe cases, perforation of the cornea to the level of the vitreous body is possible. Since tuberculosis is a chronic disease, nodules can form repeatedly, spreading throughout the cornea. As a result, visual acuity is markedly reduced. Syphilitic keratitis, as its name implies, develops against the background of congenital syphilis. This disease is an inflammatory process that spreads along the cornea. Often, such keratitis is asymptomatic, the first signs of its development appear in patients only at the age of 10-11 years, simultaneously with other symptoms of syphilis. AT this case inflammation is associated with specific allergic reaction, and its treatment is accompanied by certain difficulties and does not always lead to recovery.

Herpetic keratitis occurs during an exacerbation of herpes. The inflammatory process develops after the penetration of the virus into the cornea. Usually the disease progresses due to beriberi or a sharp violation of the immune system. Sometimes this form of keratitis is observed after stress, long-term treatment broad spectrum antibiotics and hormonal drugs. Less common cause of development herpetic keratitis become hereditary predisposition and injury to the eye (in the presence of the herpes virus in the body).

The primary form of this disease is accompanied by severe conjunctivitis. The cornea gradually becomes cloudy, and after a while an infiltrate is formed, which quickly undergoes decay. An ulcer appears in its place. In the absence of timely therapy, the cornea completely loses its transparency, and visual acuity is significantly reduced (up to complete blindness).

For secondary form herpetic keratitis characterized by the formation of small infiltrates and vesicles in the surface layer of the cornea. The disease is accompanied by photophobia and profuse lacrimation. After some time, the epithelial cells of the cornea begin to exfoliate, and multiple erosions appear on the surface, limited by a cloudy border. If left untreated, they can degenerate into deep ulcers that have uneven outlines. At the same time, visual acuity is irreversibly reduced, since after the healing of ulcers, cicatricial changes in the tissues of the cornea remain.

Keratoconjunctivitis

This disease, caused by adenovirus, usually develops against the background of simultaneous damage to the conjunctiva and cornea.

For keratoconjunctivitis is characterized by rapid spread. It is transmitted by contact and through personal belongings.

Before the first signs of the disease appear, about 7-8 days pass from the moment of infection. First, there is a headache, which is accompanied by chills, appetite disappears, the patient complains of weakness and apathy. After some time, pain in the eyeballs appears, a characteristic reddening of the sclera is observed, complaints about the presence of a foreign body in the eye are noted. Then there is a very profuse lacrimation, accompanied by the release of mucus from the lacrimal canal.

The upper and lower eyelids swell, the conjunctiva turns red, and very small bubbles filled with a clear liquid appear on it. Last symptom is characteristic manifestation adeno viral infection.

If the treatment was not started on time, after 5-7 days the above signs of the disease gradually disappear, only steadily increasing photophobia remains. Turbid foci appear in the cornea - small opaque spots. Provided that appropriate therapy is carried out, complete healing occurs in 2-2.5 months.

Viral conjunctivitis

As the name implies, the cause of this disease is the penetration of viruses into the cells of the mucous membrane of the eye. There are several forms of viral conjunctivitis, each of which is characterized by a certain course of the pathological process.

Herpetic conjunctivitis. It usually develops in young children due to the immaturity of the body's immune system. The inflammatory process can spread beyond the mucous membrane into the surrounding tissues. Depending on the nature of the pathological process, catarrhal, follicular and vesicular-ulcerative forms of herpetic conjunctivitis are distinguished.
At catarrhal form diseases profuse lacrimation, a sensation of a foreign body in the eye and mucous discharge from the lacrimal canal are noted. Ophthalmologic examination reveals marked reddening of the conjunctiva. The follicular form is characterized by the appearance of lymphoid follicles (hills) on the entire surface of the mucous membrane of the eye.
The most severe form of herpetic conjunctivitis is vesicular-ulcerative. On the surface of the mucous membrane of the eye in this case, small transparent bubbles filled with liquid appear. As these neoplasms spontaneously open, very painful sores form on the mucosa. Gradually, erosion progresses, moving to the edge of the cornea. The patient complains of severe photophobia and spasms of the muscles of the upper and lower eyelids.

Like the herpes virus, adenovirus affects the entire body. The penetration of adenovirus infection into the body is accompanied by common symptoms: fever, chills, pharyngitis and follicular conjunctivitis. The virus is transmitted by airborne and contact routes.

Catarrhal conjunctivitis. It is seen most often. The upper and lower eyelids swell strongly, the mucous membrane becomes bright red. Then purulent or mucous discharge from the lacrimal canal appears. After 5-7 days, the above symptoms of the disease spontaneously disappear without additional therapy. At the same time, visual acuity does not change, and no traces remain on the cornea.

Follicular adenoviral conjunctivitis. This form of the disease is accompanied by the appearance of small whitish vesicles on the rudiment of the third eyelid and the mucous membrane of the eye. The rash practically does not cause discomfort in the patient.

membranous form of conjunctivitis. It is diagnosed only in rare cases. As the disease progresses, a thin film of grayish or whitish color forms on the mucous membrane of the eye, which can be easily removed with damp cotton wool or gauze. In severe cases, it thickens, and when it is separated, it is possible to injure the mucous membrane of the eye. With the timely appointment of intensive therapy, this disease is completely cured, and visual acuity is not impaired.

Conjunctivitis gonococcal

This disease is a special kind of conjunctivitis. AT medical literature it is sometimes referred to as "gonoblennorrhea". Gonococcal conjunctivitis is an intense inflammatory process localized in the mucous membrane of the eye. It develops after penetration into the tissues of gonococcal infection. The disease is transmitted exclusively through contact (during sexual intercourse, during childbirth - from mother to child, as well as with careless observance of personal hygiene rules).

In children, the first symptoms of gonococcal conjunctivitis appear 3-4 days after birth. The eyelids become edematous and dense, acquire a purple-red or bluish color. At the same time, bloody discharge from the lacrimal canal appears. The rough edges of the eyelids constantly injure the surface of the cornea, damaging the epithelium. Separate parts of the eye become cloudy, ulcerate. In advanced cases, the disease progresses, panophthalmitis develops, which leads to loss of vision and atrophy of the eyeball. Often, after therapy, rough scars remain on the damaged areas of the cornea.

At an older age, severe damage to the cornea, delayed regeneration and a significant decrease in visual acuity are observed.

In adults, gonococcal conjunctivitis is accompanied by general malaise, fever, and pain in the joints and muscles.

Neuritis retrobulbar

This is an inflammatory process primary focus which is located in the optic nerve. Usually this disease develops against the background of a general infection, such as meningitis (including tuberculosis) or meningoencephalitis, or due to non-infectious pathology - multiple sclerosis. There are acute and chronic forms of retrobulbar neuritis.

In the first case, severe pain appears in the affected eye, the source of which is behind the eyeball. Other symptoms gradually develop: visual acuity decreases, color perception is distorted. During ophthalmological examination revealed pathological pallor of the disc of the optic nerve.

The chronic form of neuritis is characterized by the slow development of pathology. Vision gradually decreases to a minimum, in the absence of timely treatment, the inflammation spreads to the blood vessels and surrounding nerve tissues of the eye.

Periostitis of the eye orbit

it serious disease, which is an inflammatory process localized in the bones of the orbit. The cause of the development of periostitis is usually the penetration of pathogenic microbes (streptococcus, mycobacterium, staphylococcus or spirochete) into the bone tissue. Sometimes the inflammatory process occurs against the background of untreated chronic sinusitis.

The disease begins acutely. Within 3 days after infection, the body temperature rises sharply, the manifestations of fever increase, and the patient complains of a headache in the temporal and frontal regions.

Depending on the location of the primary inflammation, so-called primary signs periostitis. When the anterior part of the orbit is infected, swelling occurs around the eye, the skin becomes hyperemic and hot, and the upper and lower eyelids swell.

If a intensive therapy was not started in a timely manner, in the soft tissues surrounding the eyeball, an abscess is formed - a localized focus of purulent infection. It matures and then opens out through the skin (relatively favorable outcome) or spreads into the postorbital cavity, forming new foci of inflammation. In this case, the patient's condition worsens significantly.

In some cases, periostitis develops in the depth of the orbit. In this case, the disease is accompanied by an increase in body temperature, as well as characteristic signs of acute respiratory infections. The movements of the eyeball on the affected side are usually limited. After treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics, the abscess gradually decreases in size and is then replaced by connective tissue.

In the absence of therapy, further spread of infection is possible.

Sclerite

This disease is an acute inflammatory process that develops in the sclera. Depending on the size of the lesion and its localization, deep and superficial scleritis are distinguished. Most often, this disease develops against the background of general infectious pathologies(viral, bacterial or fungal) and is a manifestation of ascending infection.

Superficial scleritis (episcleritis) affects only upper layer sclera. The affected eye becomes red, and the movements of the eyeball acquire a characteristic soreness. Abundant lacrimation is not observed, which is a characteristic sign of scleritis, very rarely photophobia develops, and visual acuity does not change. In the absence of timely treatment, the disease progresses. An infected area visible to the naked eye appears on the sclera, painted purple or red. This spot rises slightly above the surface of the sclera.

deep scleritis extends to all layers eye shell. In advanced cases, inflammation passes to the tissues surrounding the sclera, affecting the ciliary body and the iris. Pathological symptoms described above become more pronounced. Sometimes multiple foci of infection develop. Against the background of a general decrease in immunity, a severe purulent complication may occur, in which photophobia, severe swelling of the eyelids and pain in the affected eye are observed.

Purulent episcleritis- one of the forms of scleritis caused by the pathogenic microbe staphylococcus aureus. The disease progresses rapidly, usually spreading to both eyes. In the absence of timely therapy, episcleritis can last for years, periodically subsiding and activating against the background of a general weakening of the body. At the site of foci of infection, the sclera becomes thinned, and visual acuity is markedly reduced. If the inflammatory process passes to the iris, it is possible to develop severe complication- glaucoma.

Phlegmon

This disease, also known as phlegmonous inflammation, is a purulent inflammatory process that is not delimited from the surrounding tissues. Most often localized in the orbit and lacrimal sac.

Phlegmon of the orbit occurs due to penetration into the region of the eyeball pathogenic microorganisms- staphylococci or streptococci. The infection develops in the fiber of the eye orbit. Sometimes phlegmon appears against the background of acute purulent sinusitis or as a complication of barley or boils.

This disease develops very quickly. A few hours after infection, there is a significant increase in body temperature, a severe headache increases, chills appear, pain in the muscles and fever. The eyelids become swollen and red, and their movements are greatly hindered. Visual acuity is reduced up to almost complete blindness. Sometimes, in parallel with phlegmon, optic neuritis and thrombosis of the blood vessels of the eye develop. If you don't start on time intensive treatment, the infection spreads to surrounding tissues and affects the brain.

Phlegmon of the lacrimal sac usually develops as a complication of untreated dacryocystitis in time. In the process of reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms, purulent fusion of the tissues of the lacrimal sac occurs, after which the infection spreads to the tissues of the eye orbit. The first symptoms of this disease are severe swelling over the lacrimal sac, engorgement of the eyelids and the inability to open the affected eye. After a while, body temperature rises, weakness and migraine-like headache occur.

Choroiditis (posterior uveitis)

Choroiditis (posterior uveitis) is an inflammatory process localized behind choroid eyes. The reason for the development of this disease is the introduction pathogenic microbes into the capillaries against the background of a general infection.

Choroiditis is characterized by an initial absence of symptoms. Inflammation is usually detected during an ophthalmological examination performed for another reason. This examination reveals specific changes in the structure of the retina. If the focus of the pathology is located in the center of the choroid, such characteristic signs of the disease as distortion of the contours of objects, light flashes and flickering before the eyes can be observed. When examining the fundus, rounded defects located on the retina are detected. Fresh traces of foci of inflammation are colored in gray or yellow, scars gradually fade. If therapy has not been started in a timely manner, retinal edema may develop, accompanied by microscopic hemorrhages.

Barley

This disease is an inflammatory process localized in the sebaceous gland or ciliary hair follicles. Barley is widespread. The reason for the development of this pathology is usually the penetration of pathogenic microbes (staphylococci and streptococci) into the ducts sebaceous glands against the background of a general weakening of the body and immune disorders.

The first sign of the onset of the disease is redness of the area of the upper or lower eyelid, which then turns into infiltration and swells. Redness gradually spreads to the surrounding tissues, swelling of the conjunctiva increases. 2-3 days after the appearance of the first symptoms of barley, the infiltrate swells even more, a cavity filled with pus forms inside it, and the upper part of the edema becomes yellowish. After 1-2 days, this abscess breaks beyond the eyelid, pus comes out, soreness and swelling gradually subside. With multiple purulent foci, the body temperature rises, chills and severe pain in the eyeball. In severe cases, inflammation spreads to surrounding tissues.

Date: 12/13/2015

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Causes and symptoms of eye infections
Eye infections in adults
Causes and signs of eye infections in children

Viral eye infections often cause vision loss. 10-30% of people lose their sight from improper treatment. You can get away from unpleasant consequences thanks to the correct and timely treatment.

Cause of many inflammatory diseases eyes are infections. Almost 50% of patients are people with the syndrome. And approximately 80% of patients have eye infections that can different nature but always present with the same symptoms.

Causes and symptoms of eye infections

Bacteria often enter the eyes from the environment. Burns, allergies, trauma can cause an eye infection. Another reason may be continuous eye strain. Nowadays, many people work at computers every day and do not allow their eyes to rest.

Another eye infection may occur due to exposure environment, continuous lens wear, dry indoor air.

The most common symptoms of eye infections are:

pain;
function failures;
Red eyes;
lacrimation;
sensation of a foreign body.

If you do not see a doctor in a timely manner and do not start treatment, you can lose your sight. There were situations when the most common infection became the cause of a pronounced inflammatory process. The effectiveness of treatment depends on the medication that is prescribed for treatment.

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Eye infections in adults

From medical statistics it is known that conjunctivitis is the most common infectious disease. It is characterized by damage to the outer shell covering inner eyelid and partially anterior apple of the eye. This shell has the name of the conjunctiva, from which the name of the disease comes.

The first signs of such a viral infection are pain in the eye, a sensation of a foreign body under the eyelids. Sometimes there is swelling of the eyelids and copious excretion mucus. Small, barely noticeable, but easily removable films appear on the conjunctiva.

The disease may be chronic.

In such a situation, she will have a slow development, and moments of exacerbation are often replaced by an improvement in the patient's well-being. Therefore, many are in no hurry to go to the doctor for help and turn only if fatigue and photophobia interfere with life or work.

Bacterial conjunctivitis is formed unexpectedly, its pathogens are staphylococci and gonococci. Eye infections can form in children. In adults, this disease may be associated with dry eye syndrome. Many people like to touch their eyes with unwashed hands. This makes it possible bacterial conjunctivitis develop.

There is one significant feature in the treatment of this disease. It can have various root causes (pathogenic pathogens). For this reason, the schemes for using drugs in each individual case will be different. Only a doctor can choose them correctly, based on the results of the tests.
With conjunctivitis, you can not self-medicate. Without knowing the cause of inflammation, the incorrect use of drugs can cause great complications, when it will be necessary to save the eye itself.

Herpes infection of the eye must be highlighted. Often this virus is localized on the cornea, but it can also damage the eyelids. At first they itch, then bubble rashes form on them. Herpes usually appears after a cold or severe hypothermia. The largest number of cases of herpes eye occurs in the cold season. However, it can also happen in summer due to overheating in the sun. Most often, it appears due to a decrease in the body's resistance, hypovitaminosis, but it can also occur due to other diseases. In this case, the virus must first be treated.

Another one from frequent illnesses- blepharitis. This is a focus of inflammation, which is localized on the edge of the upper or lower eyelid. This disease may develop due to prolonged exposure on the eyes of caustic substance, smoke, volatile liquid, due to chronic infection in the body.

This disease has 3 forms: simple, scaly and ulcerative.

Simple blepharitis is characterized by reddening of the edges of the eyelids, which does not spread to other tissues and is accompanied by slight swelling. Discomfort begins to appear in the eyes. Even if you wash your eyes with water, they do not disappear. Gradually, the movements of the eyelids begin to accelerate, there may be purulent discharge from the eye corners.

Scaly blepharitis is characterized by pronounced redness of the edges of the eyelids and swelling. If grayish or pale yellow scales form on the eyelids that look like dandruff, then this is a sign of scaly blepharitis. Usually there is severe itching in the eyes, soreness during blinking.

Ulcerative blepharitis is the most severe form of eye infection. It starts with usual symptoms described above. Then the condition begins to worsen sharply. If there is dried pus at the roots of the eyelashes, then this is a sign of ulcerative blepharitis. Because of the crusts, gluing of eyelashes begins. It is quite difficult to remove them, since it is very painful to touch the inflamed skin. After removing the crusts, small ulcers remain on the eyelids. If the treatment was started late, they will heal very slowly, and the growth of the eyelashes will be restored only partially. Over time, complications may occur. The direction of eyelash growth may be disturbed, they may fall out.

Treatment of blepharitis in adults is a lengthy process. You can not treat infectious eye diseases on your own. This must be done by a doctor. The patient must carefully observe the rules of personal hygiene, eat right, excluding spicy and fatty foods, and reduce the daily load on the eyes. It is imperative to treat chronic infections.