The main symptom of acute laryngitis. Laryngitis in adults - symptoms and treatment, what it is, photos, the first signs of laryngitis. Causes of acute laryngitis

Titles

Acute laryngitis is common problem. Exacerbations occur in autumn period. There is a certain group of people who are subject to this disease. It is worth knowing what causes acute laryngitis, how to avoid the disease, what treatment can be effective.

Symptoms of the disease

Sore throat due to duration and different reasons occurrences are divided into acute and chronic.

Acute sore throat (laryngitis) may be bacterial and viral etiology, and can also occur due to damage to the mucous membrane of the larynx. It often occurs in association with other infectious diseases.

Symptoms of acute laryngitis:

pain in the larynx;
sore throat;
difficulty swallowing solid food or liquids;
fever;
dry cough;
loss of voice
hoarseness.

With the help of a laryngoscope, the doctor can notice redness and swelling of the mucous membrane of the larynx. They are more common at the level vocal cords.

This is a condition in which the symptoms of the disease persist for several weeks and have a recurring character. The ailments are similar to those found in acute laryngitis.

Back to index

Treatment of acute inflammation of the throat

In the acute form of laryngitis, treatment with antibiotics and antifungal drugs is prescribed.

In a variant of chronic laryngitis, alignment may be required hormonal disorders, replenishment of vitamin deficiency, elimination of factors that irritate the mucous membrane of the throat. In addition, you can use a treatment that relieves the symptoms characteristic of both types of sore throat. In this case, the following means are used:

antipyretic drugs;
anti-inflammatory drugs;
lozenges that moisturize the mucous membrane of the throat or have an analgesic effect;
mucolytic drugs to thin the secretions, expectorants when they occur excess viscous sputum;
antitussive agent to protect against additional irritation of the mucous membrane of the throat;
drugs that moisturize the mucous membrane of the pharynx in the form of various syrups containing thyme, marshmallow or herbal infusions;
lotions and balms against bacteria (containing silver).

An important element of a successful treatment process and avoiding recurrence of the disease is the exclusion of irritants such as tobacco smoke or any kind of dust.

There are less common inflammations of the larynx, among them acute inflammation epiglottic cartilage resulting from damage to the mucous membrane of solid food. Then the symptoms that accompany the disease may occur - this is fever, difficulty swallowing (dysphagia), weakness of the voice (dysphonia), stridor when inhaling, that is, the whistle of passing air through the narrowed airways.

In children, inflammation of the larynx occurs below the folds of the glottis. This disease is also characterized severe course. Symptoms appear quickly - this is a narrowing of the airways, a dry, barking cough, pallor skin, cyanosis, involvement of the intercostal and supraclavicular sockets during exhalation (indicative of great efforts during breathing).

Treatment is the same as in adults for acute inflammation of the larynx, but in some cases, intubation or tracheotomy may be required.

Back to index

Chronic laryngitis

Causes chronic inflammation larynx can be both exogenous, that is, external, and endogenous.

External causes of inflammation of the larynx:

position held (teacher, lecturer, soloist) work related to voice);
climate;
toxins;
smoking.

Other causes of inflammation of the larynx:

genetic predisposition;
diseases of the glands internal secretion(endocrine);
airway defects that impede their patency;
gastroesophageal reflux disease;
excessive alcohol consumption.

Symptoms of chronic inflammation of the larynx are less pronounced than in the acute form. Pain may be absent or present in mild degree gravity. It can be described by patients as a sensation foreign body in the throat. At the same time there are hoarseness of the voice, dry or wet cough, viscous sputum. It can even reach a slight change in the timbre of the voice.

Due to a different type of factors causing chronic laryngitis treatment is symptomatic and selective. Elimination Recommended annoying factors as tobacco smoke, strong coffee, tea, eating too cold or hot foods and liquids. We should not forget about symptomatic treatment in the form of taking mucolytic drugs to thin thick mucus, expectorants and antitussives. You can use drugs that regenerate the mucous membrane of the larynx, they are sold in the form of aerosols, which can enter hard-to-reach places.

Acute laryngitis is a disease that is based on inflammation of the mucous membrane of the larynx. Usually acute process lasts for seven to ten days. The disease is accompanied by the appearance of a cough, respiratory disorders, a change in voice, up to its loss. The most serious complication of laryngitis that occurs in children is airway obstruction.

There are a number of reasons that can cause an inflammatory process in the pharynx. They can have an infectious, physical, allergic, autoimmune nature. Effective treatment acute laryngitis is associated with the elimination of the main etiological factor. The disease causes great discomfort and can cause serious complications. Acute process in the absence timely treatment easily goes into chronic form which is much more difficult to get rid of. Before considering the symptoms and treatment of acute laryngitis, let's talk about provoking causes.

What causes acute laryngitis

Main etiological reasons diseases are:

respiratory viruses;
bacterial and fungal infection;
trauma;
burns.

Prerequisites for the development of acute laryngitis are the following factors:

hypothermia;
dirty dry air, pollution with chemicals;
ingestion of irritating food or cold drinks;
autoimmune processes in which the immune system fights with the body's own tissues;
professional activities related to increased load on the voice apparatus: teachers, singers;
allergens of various origins;
gastroesophageal reflux, in which the contents of the stomach are thrown into the esophagus;
avitaminosis;
metabolic disorders;
chronic foci of infection;
bad habits: alcoholism and smoking;
deviated nasal septum.

Symptoms

An acute process is characterized by a sudden onset. Patients complain of general weakness, fatigue, irritability. There is a slight increase in body temperature. Discomfort, dryness, perspiration appear in the throat. Patients note the sensation of a foreign body. The voice becomes rough, with a low timbre, and sometimes disappears altogether.

With regards to coughing, at first there are bouts of dry debilitating cough. With adequate medical therapy unproductive cough becomes wet with the release of mucous sputum.

If we talk about children, then most often laryngitis appears before the age of six. Due to the structural features child's body, in particular, the narrowness of the glottis, high percentage allergic reactions and instability of the immune system, the child's body is vulnerable.

Children's laryngitis has a number of its features:

most often occurs as a secondary process against the background of respiratory diseases;
present;
high risks of occurrence;
the likelihood of shortness of breath, up to the occurrence of respiratory failure;
there are swallowing disorders;
an attack occurs at night;
the child wakes up from an attack of suffocation and lack of air, the attack can last fifteen minutes;
a dry barking cough may appear;
possible self-cessation of the attack, although in most cases requires immediate hospitalization.

Children are much more difficult to tolerate acute laryngitis than adults.

Acute catarrhal laryngitis

The catarrhal form of laryngitis is considered one of the easiest, as it manifests itself in a mild clinical symptoms and rarely causes complications. Nevertheless, this does not mean that the disease can be left to chance, because if left untreated, an acute process can develop into a chronic one.

Treatment of catarrhal laryngitis includes the achievement of the following tasks:

symptomatic therapy;
fight against the root cause;
therapeutic therapy should be not only effective, but also as painless and safe as possible;
prevention of relapse and the transition of the process into a chronic form.

As a treatment, specialists use the following methods:

photodynamic therapy for short time relieves inflammation, fights pathogens and restores functional activity damaged mucous membrane;
mineral therapy includes irrigation of the oropharynx, which allows you to wash off the pathogenic microflora from the surface of the mucous membrane;
ozone therapy increases the internal forces of the body.

Obstructive laryngitis is a whole group of diseases, which are based on the narrowing of the lumen of the larynx.

What is obstructive laryngitis

Most often, obstructive laryngitis occurs in children. preschool age, this is due to the physiological and anatomical features:

the larynx has a small lumen, and its cartilaginous base is supple and soft;
the larynx is funnel-shaped;
the vocal cords are short and thick;
muscles near the glottis are easily excitable;
hypertonicity of the sympathetic nervous system.

Viruses and bacteria cause development inflammatory process in the throat. Allergy to medicines, prematurity, CNS damage - these and other factors contribute to the development of the obstructive form. One of dangerous species obstructive laryngitis is stenosing laryngitis.

The source of obstructive laryngitis is a sick person. The disease can be transmitted through the air

The obstructive form is based on stenosis, or narrowing, of the larynx. Pathological process characterized by voice change, shortness of breath, and severe cases – total loss voices and asphyxia.

Specialists distinguish four stages of obstructive laryngitis:

stage of compensation. Usually at night, the child has an attack of barking cough. The attack is usually preceded by symptoms characteristic of colds: aches, hyperthermia, general weakness, headache. A new attack of coughing may provoke some kind of load or movement. At this stage, the cough goes away on its own. Mostly shortness of breath occurs when physical activity. The child's breathing is noisy and irregular.
Subcompensation stage. Not in all cases, the compensation stage passes into the next phase. In some cases, the process, either on its own or after treatment, the disease may stop. At this stage, shortness of breath appears at rest. Noisy breathing is heard in the distance. The child is naughty, refuses food, does not sleep well. The skin becomes pale. When crying, the skin around the nose and mouth turns blue. The subcompensation stage can last for three to five days.
Stage of decompensation. The child's condition is severe, he is lethargic and drowsy. There is superficial and heavy. Shortness of breath is always present. The cough is at first rough and barking, and then becomes quiet. The voice is hoarse, and then completely disappears. This stage is characterized by the appearance forced posture in which the child sits down and holds his hands on his knees.
terminal stage. Most often, the child is unconscious. Increasing respiratory and heart failure. In the absence of proper treatment, respiratory arrest, asystole and death occur.

Treatment of obstructive laryngitis depends on the stage of stenosis and severity

Consider the treatment depending on the stage of the pathological process:

with stenosis of the first stage, rest, distracting procedures and, if necessary, antipyretics are indicated. Constant control body temperature and breathing. If the condition worsens, inhalation procedures are carried out with Pulmicort, if after twenty minutes nothing has changed, then it is necessary to call an ambulance. Children up to a year, even at the first stage, are hospitalized;
the second stage is absolute reading to hospitalization. Every half an hour, the child is inhaled until the symptoms disappear;
in the third and fourth stages, the child is taken to intensive care, where he is given steroid drugs. In severe cases, intubation and tracheostomy are required.

Complications

Laryngitis can lead to conditions that require immediate hospitalization and are life threatening:

infiltration of the epiglottis;
abscess formation of the epiglottis.

Prevention

Laryngitis is easier to prevent than to treat! Specific prevention does not exist, but there are recommendations that can help prevent the onset of the disease:

do not come into contact with infected people;
timely treatment chronic foci infections;
rejection bad habits in particular smoking;
prevention of injuries and burns of the larynx.

Treatment of laryngitis begins with diagnosis

Diagnostics

The diagnosis is made by a therapist or otolaryngologist based on the following data:

patient complaints;
collection of anamnestic data;
inspection;
laryngoscopy.

An experienced specialist at the time of admission may suspect the presence of one form or another of laryngitis:

on the diffuse form laryngitis indicates swelling and hyperemia of the mucous membrane of the larynx;
with limited form inflammatory focus localized in one part of the body;
about hemorrhagic form you can speak in the presence of petechial hemorrhages;
with fibrous laryngitis, white or yellow raids, and with diphtheria - gray or even brown.

How to treat acute laryngitis in adults

compliance with bed rest;
voice rest;
maintaining an optimal microclimate in the room: humidity, temperature;
regular wet cleaning and ventilation of the premises;
cessation of active and passive smoking.

For the duration of treatment and at least a week after recovery, you should stop smoking.

Medical therapy

Treatment is given depending on clinical signs laryngitis:

for sore throat and perspiration, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed in the form of sprays, lozenges;
with dry painful paroxysmal cough antitussives containing codeine are used;
at unproductive cough plant-based expectorants are prescribed;
at wet cough in order to thin the sputum, mucolytic drugs are prescribed;
in case of suspicion of joining bacterial infection prescribe Bioparox - a topical antibiotic;
with swelling of the mucous membrane of the larynx, antihistamines cannot be dispensed with;
multivitamins and immunomodulators are prescribed to strengthen the immune system.

Treatment at home

Compliance plays an important role in the treatment of laryngitis. correct mode. Talk as little as possible, but rather remain silent. Remember, dry air makes the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract vulnerable, so care should be taken to maintain optimal air humidity.

Keep your throat warm by wrapping it in a warm scarf. Do not go outside, especially during the cold season. To remove from the body toxic substances and liquefy phlegm, drink in enough liquid. As an alternative to plain water, you can use herbal decoctions, rosehip decoction, warm milk with mineral waters.

plays an important role in the treatment of laryngitis. diet food. Cold, hot, spicy, salty - all this injures the already vulnerable mucous membrane and lowers local immunity.

Gargling is another effective method get rid of laryngitis. The procedure should be carried out five to seven times a day. Rinses contribute to the healing of the mucous membrane, the removal of edema and the inflammatory effect. The following solutions can be used as rinses:

soda solution;
herbal decoction;
sea salt solution, etc.

Inhalation will also help reduce the symptoms of laryngitis. At home, for inhalation procedures, you can use a teapot or a regular pan. Vapors should be inhaled at least ten minutes after the liquid has boiled, otherwise there is a risk of burning the mucosa. For inhalation, use the following solutions:

alkaline soda solution;
mineral water;
decoctions medicinal herbs;
essential oils.

Folk recipes will help cure laryngitis faster

ethnoscience

Consider proven and effective unconventional ways getting rid of laryngitis:

rinsing. Grate the beetroot and squeeze out the juice. Mix freshly squeezed juice apple cider vinegar and gargle. You can also use juice. raw potatoes or cabbage;
inhalation. For the procedure, you can use the following herbs: coltsfoot, succession, elderberry, succession;
means for oral administration. Drink warm beer in small sips. For a glass of milk, take two cloves of garlic. Drink the remedy in small sips.

So, acute laryngitis is a disease inflammatory nature in which the larynx is affected. The disease occurs in both adults and children. Most often, the causative agents of the disease are viruses and bacteria. Often laryngitis appears as a complication of other respiratory diseases. In most cases, laryngitis can be treated at home.

Gargles, inhalations, proper nutrition, compliance with the microclimate in the room - all this will help speed up the healing process. The disease, if left untreated, leads to serious complications, which is why when the first symptoms occur, do not delay contacting a doctor. Timely and competent approach to treatment is the key to a speedy recovery!

Acute laryngitis is an inflammatory disease of the larynx, which is most often secondary infectious process, that is, arising against the background of a primary, underlying disease. It has a stenosing / obstructive (narrowing, overlapping) character relative to the target organ. It starts acutely and lasts 7-10 days. If there is no improvement in the first 3-5 days of the disease, then you should consult a specialist doctor (otolaryngologist).

Reasons for development

Most often, inflammation of the larynx occurs due to hypothermia, overstrain of the vocal cords, reduced immunoreactivity of the body in combination with alcohol consumption, spicy food and carbonated drinks, and if available cold infection and such dangerous infections like influenza, measles, rubella, scarlet fever and whooping cough.

Predisposed to the development of acute laryngitis are people suffering from chronic nasopharyngitis, purulent sinusitis, people with mouth breathing (due to obstruction of the nasal passages). May also appear as a form allergic reaction which can be caused by insect bites, various air pollutants, chemicals caught on the mucous membranes of the larynx or the use of products of increased allergenicity (chocolate, cereal products (they are also gluten), peanuts, walnuts, citrus).

Most often allergic form occurs in children early age. In this case, you need to urgently contact a specialist due to the threat to life caused by further swelling of the larynx and blocking of the airways.

Acute laryngitis in adults most often has a professional nature of origin. Often, teachers, lecturers, coaches of sports teams get sick due to a strong overstrain of the vocal cords, as well as workers in chemical plants, due to the presence of chemical irritants.

Acute laryngitis in children often occurs in the form of a false croup, which is characterized by swelling of the mucosa in lower sections larynx. The main reason is the primary infection that caused this complication.

Symptoms

Symptoms of acute laryngitis in children and adults are identical. For a typical catarrhal form the course is characterized by a gradual onset, most often without an increase in temperature (possibly up to 39 ° C).

The main symptom of acute laryngitis is a loud, hacking, barking cough. At the beginning of the disease, it is dry, without sputum discharge, then productive, with the release of mucous sputum, then with the release of mucopurulent sputum (yellowish-green).

When examining the throat (laryngoscopy), its strong redness (hyperesthesia) and swelling of the mucous membrane of the larynx are determined. At very strong cough and tearing of the walls of the larynx, the presence of streaks of blood in the sputum is possible.

Characteristic discomfort in the throat, hoarseness, coarsening of the voice, decrease in its timbre, in some cases severe hoarseness up to its complete disappearance.

Types and classification of laryngitis

By localization:

spilled form with swelling and redness on the walls of the larynx, it is also infiltrative laryngitis;
limited (local) form with swelling and redness specifically in the area of the vocal folds.

According to the form of damage:

hemorrhagic form with the presence of hemorrhages on the mucous membranes;
fibrinous form with the presence of fibrin plates on the mucous membranes.

False croup, aka subglottic laryngitis, subspecies acute form, in which the inflammatory process develops in the lower region of the larynx, under the vocal cords. Most often, children 2-6 years old get sick due to anatomical features(narrow lumen of the larynx).

Characterized by an acute onset, more often occurs at night, the child wakes up with a "barking" cough, wheezing, shortness of breath, cyanosis of the skin, it is difficult for him to breathe (inspiratory dyspnea). Within 30 minutes, the cough usually goes away.

Without appropriate treatment, acute obstructive laryngitis attacks can recur every few days or even every 1-2 weeks. It occurs due to swelling of the mucous membrane of the larynx in the lower region, and, as a result, narrowing of the airway in a sick child.

Medical treatment

The standard scheme prescribed by the doctor includes:

Antibiotics a wide range actions such as Ospamox, Amoxicillin, Augmentin. For quick treatment acute laryngitis, the use of clavulanic acid with amoxicillin is recommended. Such a combination will improve the patient's condition in 1-2 days.
To restore the intestinal microflora, disturbed by antibiotics, probiotics are prescribed (Linex, Laktovit, Bifiform, etc.).
If the disease is accompanied high temperature bodies, antipyretics are prescribed (Paracetamol, Aspirin, Ibuprofen, etc.).
If the patient complains about severe pain in the throat, to relieve symptoms, you can buy a spray (Oracept, Ingalipt, etc.) or (Falimint, Septolete, etc.).
When prescribed antiviral drugs Amiksin, Anaferon, Immunoflazid, etc.
As complex therapy you can use decoctions for rinsing with sage or chamomile. To enhance the effect, soda can be added to the broth.
With complications of acute laryngitis in children, leading to a false croup, hospitalization is necessary to relieve symptoms in a hospital setting.

Acute laryngitis in children and adults is treated in the same way, however, the dosage of all drugs is different relative to each other (the use of glucocorticosteroid (popularly steroid) drugs in young patients is especially limited).

A sparing diet with the exclusion of very hot / very cold foods and drinks, the exclusion of spicy foods, carbonated water. The appointment of a voice mode is required (reducing voice loads to a minimum), the duration of which depends on the severity of the inflammatory lesion of the larynx.

During the course of treatment, it is not recommended to speak in a whisper, as a “false-folded” voice may form. During the treatment of acute laryngitis in adults who are representatives of the so-called "voice" professions that require voice-speech loads, they should stop working until full recovery vocal cord functions.

The room in which the patient is located should be warm enough for the duration of treatment, with a good ventilation system and moderately humid air.

catarrhal laryngitis

Complications of acute laryngitis

With the infiltrative form of catarrhal laryngitis, a complication such as phlegmonous laryngitis, which is a purulent-inflammatory form of laryngitis, may develop. Runs much harder than normal inflammatory form diseases.

Symptoms:

general deterioration, weakness;
pronounced respiratory failure III degree(shortness of breath and cyanosis of the skin at rest), up to asphyxia (suffocation);
an increase in body temperature up to 39 ° C;
the appearance of an abscess (abscess) on the lingual surface of the epiglottis or on one of the cartilages of the larynx. Detected by indirect laryngoscopy visual inspection with the help of an ENT doctor's reflector).

Treatment of phlegmonous laryngitis

Involves hospitalization in a hospital and antibiotic therapy with the use of antibiotics as much as possible. allowable doses, depending on the age group patient and contraindications. Also, short-term corticosteroid therapy, expectorants, anti-inflammatory and antihistamines are used.

Surgical treatment is indicated in the presence of an abscess. After the local anesthesia the surgeon opens the abscess with a special laryngeal knife and cleans the larynx from the remnants of the infiltrate.

Additionally, after surgical operation, painkillers, analgesics, detoxification and transfusion therapy are prescribed to cleanse the blood and tissues.

Acute laryngitis and acute pharyngitis, differences

Laryngitis is an inflammation of the larynx, and pharyngitis is an inflammation of the pharynx. In both cases, there is a strong hoarseness and further hoarseness of the voice. The difference is that with pharyngitis often occurs and ear infection(otitis), and / or toothaches join.

During pharyngoscopy may be observed white coating on the palatine tonsils (tonsils) and their swelling.

Prevention

Laryngitis, most often, has a traumatic, infectious and allergic origin. Try to take care of your vocal cords, observe the voice mode, do not drink too cold drinks.

Support the body's immune system with vitamins and nutritious foods for a full immune response to infections that precede the development of laryngitis, as well as avoid allergic irritants.

Acute laryngitis is quite common in adults. Regardless of the cause, the symptoms of this inflammatory disease almost always the same. But the treatment can be different. If it is taken on time and in full, recovery usually occurs in 5-7 days.

If you look at medical statistics, acute laryngitis occurs more often in children than in adults. This is easily explained by the fact that the immune system of adults is stronger, they do not “catch” a viral or bacterial infection so often, their larynx is wider, and the mucous membrane is not so loose. But, according to all the same statistics, inflammation of the mucous membrane of the larynx in adulthood is more often independent disease. In small patients, it occurs simultaneously or subsequently with another inflammatory process in the respiratory system.

Why acute laryngitis occurs in adults can have very different reasons:

How does acute laryngitis manifest itself?

Symptoms of an acute form of laryngitis develop after an infectious or infectious irritant enters the mucous membrane lining the larynx. non-infectious nature or it is mechanically damaged. Inflammation occurs, which is manifested by edema, hyperemia (the mucosa turns red, increases local temperature), the appearance of hemorrhages, pain of varying intensity.

At the same time, adults have such complaints:

How is acute inflammation of the larynx diagnosed?

Diagnosis of an acute form of laryngitis combines:

Also, differential diagnosis of acute laryngitis with cancer, tuberculosis or syphilis of the larynx, sarcoidosis, and other diseases that have similar symptoms is carried out.

How do adults treat laryngitis?

Acute laryngitis should not be confused with the commonplace SARS and hope that it will go away on its own, even if it is not treated. This usually doesn't happen. Required accurate diagnosis this disease, identifying its cause, complex treatment strictly according to the scheme determined by the doctor. Otherwise possible Negative consequences in the form of the spread of infection to the bronchi and lungs, chronic inflammation in the larynx, which are longer and more difficult to treat. The disease can also give complications to the heart, other organs and body systems.

Treatment of the acute form of laryngitis in adults is carried out by traditional and folk methods.

Traditionally, the disease will have to be treated with drugs of different directions:

Antiviral (Amiksin, Amizon, Aflubin, Ergoferon, Oscillococcinum), antibacterial (Ospamox, Summamed, Augmentin, Azithromycin) or antifungal (Fluconazole, Ketoconazole) drugs, depending on the cause.

Anti-inflammatory drugs and antiseptics in the form of aerosols (Angileks, Ingalipt), tablets, lozenges, lozenges (Strepsils, Septefril, Faringosept, Decatilen), rinse solutions (Miramistin, Lugol), inhalation solutions (Dekasan, saline).

All these drugs should be taken only as directed by a doctor. He can also refer to physiotherapy and recommend what alternative methods of treating inflammation of the larynx in adults can be used to speed up recovery.

Acute laryngitis is considered one of the most common diseases of the upper respiratory tract. The disease affects the larynx and vocal cords. As a result, the patient loses his voice and experiences respiratory failure. To eliminate the disease and not earn complications, you need to know the symptoms and causes of the development of the disease.

Acute laryngitis is different from chronic disease that is temporary. After the cause is eliminated, the symptoms of the disease quickly subside. BUT healing process lasts from seven to fourteen days.

Acute laryngitis usually manifests itself as a result of hypothermia or penetration of a viral or bacterial infection into the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract.

It is also customary to refer to the causes of the disease:

prolonged overexertion of the vocal cords. This can be affected by screaming, crying loudly, or talking in raised tones;
burn or injury to the larynx;
unfavorable ecological situation in the city;
work for harmful production or with chemicals;
Availability bad habits in the form of smoking and alcohol consumption;
nasal obstruction due to deviated septum, overgrowth of polyps or enlargement of adenoids;
manifestation of allergic reactions;
long-term drug treatment;
the occurrence of inflammatory processes in the nasopharyngeal, nasal or oral cavity;
work disruption digestive system reflux of contents from the stomach into the esophagus.

An attack of laryngitis can provoke the use of too salty or spicy dishes, reception cold food or drinks.

Development of acute laryngitis

Many patients are interested in how acute laryngitis proceeds. This process It is customary to divide into several stages in the form:

manifestations of hyperemia of the mucous membrane due to the penetration of a viral or bacterial infection, prolonged smoking or hypothermia, screaming or loud crying;
expansion of blood vessels in the mucous membrane as a result of the inflammatory process. There is also submucosal transudate effusion and leukocyte infiltration;
change from transudate to exudate. At the same time, it resembles mucus, which may contain streaks of blood or pus;
intoxication of the body from the inflammatory process. There is also swelling of the tissues of the vocal cords, as a result of which the patient develops respiratory failure. AT childhood often develops false croup, which is characterized by coughing, choking and blue nasolabial triangle.

Symptoms of acute laryngitis

If the patient has acute laryngitis, the symptoms must be known and eliminated in time. The disease is characterized by:

manifestation of signs general malaise, weakness of the body;
an increase in temperature to 39-40 degrees, a state of chills and fever;
emergence pain in the throat, perspiration, discomfort in the larynx, itching and burning;
difficulty breathing. As a result, the patient's voice changes. He becomes hoarse and hoarse. This process occurs due to tissue swelling and narrowing of the glottis;
paroxysmal cough that torments the patient. In the early days, it is quite difficult to stop it, while it causes severe irritation mucous membrane;
expectoration of sputum on the third or fourth day after the onset of the first signs.

Diagnosis of acute laryngitis

If acute laryngitis occurs, treatment should begin immediately. But for this it is necessary to correctly diagnose. This can only be done experienced doctor. He will conduct an examination, which includes:

questioning the patient's complaints;
inspection of the throat and larynx using laryngoscopy. It is especially important to apply this method during development. On examination, the doctor will be able to see the swelling of the larynx, determine the hyperemia of the mucous membrane. Consider the narrowing of the lumen of the larynx. With the development of fibrous or fungal laryngitis, a whitish coating will be on the tissues;
blood and urine donation general analysis. Using these methods, you can see the presence of an inflammatory process. When deciphering the results, attention is paid to the number of ESR and leukocytes. These figures will be significantly higher than the norm;
performing an x-ray examination chest area. This method is needed to differential diagnosis and distinguish laryngitis from pneumonia, bronchitis or tracheitis;
taking a swab from the oral cavity and sputum to determine the causative agent of the disease.

Also, the attending physician needs to conduct a differential diagnosis in order to distinguish acute laryngitis from diphtheria (true croup), syphilis, pneumonia, colds and influenza infections, and allergic edema.

Should be recognized as soon as possible. This will avoid the development of complications and suffocation. To make the recovery process faster, you need to follow special rules. These include:

maintaining the temperature in the room at twenty degrees. Therefore, it is necessary to ventilate the room three times a day for fifteen minutes;
air humidification with special device or wet towels
compliance with the careful mode for the vocal cords. The patient should refrain from talking even in a whisper for several days;
compliance balanced diet. Food should be soft, not hot or cold. It is best to grind food in a blender. Give children pureed food;
compliance drinking regime. Drinking water, fruit drinks, compotes, teas and herbal infusions should be done in portions and little by little. The patient should drink at least two liters of fluid per day.

Acute laryngitis treatment process

How is it at home? It is enough to follow the recommendations of the doctor and the plan of drug therapy.
Treatment for acute laryngitis includes:

application antiviral drugs. Appointed if the disease was caused viral infection. The duration of such therapy is five days;
use of antibiotics. They are prescribed if the causative agent is bacteria. Duration treatment course is eight to ten days when taking drugs from penicillin group and five days when using funds from the macrolide group;
taking drugs that include probiotics and bifidobacteria. Appointed at antibiotic therapy. They help to avoid dysbacteriosis in the intestines and improve the functioning of the digestive system. These include Linex, Normobact, Bifiform;
the use of antipyretics. Should only be used in situations where temperature indicators exceed 38.5 degrees. In childhood, preference is given to Ibuprofen or Paracetamol. Adults can drink Ibuklin, Ferveks, Antigrippin. Therapy should not exceed more than three to five days;
gargling with decoctions of herbs and solution sea salt. The procedure should be carried out up to ten times a day.

AT mandatory treatment laryngitis include inhalation with a nebulizer or steam. If the manipulations are carried out through an inhaler, then doctors prescribe a saline solution with Berodual or Pulmicort.

AT steam inhalation you can add essential oils of juniper, sage or eucalyptus. The procedure is also carried out using soda with iodine or infusion of medicinal herbs. These manipulations should be carried out three to four times a day.

As additional therapy physiotherapy is prescribed. With the manifestation of a dry cough, an excellent effect will have dry heat, UHF, mustard plasters.
When laryngitis enters the second stage, inhalations with mineral alkaline water are prescribed.

To restore the function of the vocal cords, vibromassage and electrophoresis are prescribed.
To eliminate sore throat and pain, doctors advise taking a drink from warm milk, soda, mineral water and linden honey. It is necessary to carry out the procedure up to two times a day before bedtime.