How to get rid of farsightedness. Correction of farsightedness: restoration of vision at home. Treatment of farsightedness: traditional medicine recipes for internal use

- a pathology of vision that occurs as a result of impaired focusing of the light beam on the lens of the eye. With the disease, the image is focused outside the retina. The defect leads to a deterioration in vision, the perception of a fuzzy picture. Almost every person who has crossed the 50-year milestone meets with an ailment, so the question becomes relevant: how to restore vision with farsightedness.

There are several types of ailment:

1. Physiological. Pathology manifests itself in newborns. The development of farsightedness occurs due to the small size of the eyeball. The disease disappears on its own as the child grows.
2. Pathological. Occurs with an exacerbation of physiological farsightedness. The main cause of presbyopia is too little eyeball.
3. Age. The disease is incurable, occurs in people over 50 years of age. Age-related farsightedness is characterized by weakening of the eye and ciliary muscles.

The disease is divided into 3 stages:

• the first is a weak manifestation of a visual defect;
• the second is the inability to view objects at close range;
• the third is poor visibility of objects located at any distance.

There are other reasons leading to the development of a defect: abnormal intraocular pressure, reading books at insufficient lighting, uncomfortable posture during work, stressful situations.

Diagnosis of the disease

Diagnosis is necessary to correctly determine the degree of farsightedness. Professional survey methods include:

• checking the quality of vision according to the table;
• study of eye optics using a computer;
• measurement optical power cornea - keratometry;

Get checked out by an ophthalmologist

• cycloplegia - pupil dilation using drops;
• autorefractometry;
• Ultrasound for accurate measurement eyeball length.

Diagnosis of farsightedness allows you to determine how to restore vision using existing methods for its correction.

Ways to treat farsightedness

In traditional medicine, there are several ways to correct vision:

• eye microsurgery;
• optical correction;
• laser operation.

Farsightedness in adults and children is eliminated in different ways.

The method of therapy is selected for the patient, taking into account his age characteristics, health status. Only an ophthalmologist will tell the patient how to cure farsightedness, determine the appropriateness of the methods used.

Spectacles are the traditional method of vision correction.

Optical vision correction

The method allows you to temporarily restore vision. The image quality during therapy improves by 90%. Advantage optical correction It is suitable for patients of all ages.

Correction of a visual defect is carried out using:

• contact lenses;
• points.

Children under 12 years of age are advised to correct hypermetropia with glasses. WITH adolescence, the child is assigned contact lenses. With properly selected medical accessories, the risk of disease progression is reduced. It is impossible to completely get rid of farsightedness with the help of optical correction.

Vision correction with contact lenses is also often used.

laser therapy

Restoration of vision with a laser is considered as the most effective method fight against pathology. Indications for laser surgery:

1. Patients aged 18 - 50 years. The rest of the patients do not undergo surgery, as complications are possible. comorbidities.
2. Visual impairment up to +5 diopters.
3. Disease complicated by astigmatism.

Elderly people treat farsightedness with the help of microsurgery.

Eye microsurgery

There are 2 types of surgery:

• replacement of the natural lens with an artificial implant;
• insertion of a phakic lens into the eye.

Implanted instead of a natural lens, the implant provides the patient with 100% image clarity. Having got rid of the pathology, a person will no longer have to think about how to improve vision with farsightedness.

An implant is implanted instead of a natural lens, which provides the patient with 100% image clarity

A phakic lens is placed in the anterior or posterior chamber of the eye. Unlike glasses, the implant does not distort the size of the image projected onto the retina.

Surgery is required rehabilitation period when the patient follows all the recommendations of the attending physician to prevent postoperative relapse.

Means help to correct a visual defect traditional medicine, describing in detail - how to get rid of the disease with the help of eye massage, gymnastics, the use of tinctures from natural ingredients.

Patients wonder if it is possible to permanently restore vision without surgery. Traditional medicine recipes can cure uncomplicated forms of the disease, provided they are used regularly.

A set of exercises to combat farsightedness includes exercises:

Do eye exercises regularly

1. Sitting on a chair, lean on the back. The body is relaxed as much as possible. The gaze is fixed on any object. Then the head is turned left and right, the gaze is focused on the selected object. Perform 10 turns in each direction.
2. In a sitting position on a chair, the arm is extended in front of you. The index finger is raised up. First, they observe an object located in the distance. Then attention is switched to the tip of the index finger. The recommended number of repetitions is 10 times.
3. Sitting on a chair, the patient folds his arms behind his head. Without bending his back, he tries to bend back. Then, grouped, he bends his elbows to his knees. The exercise is repeated 15 times.
4. Palms are applied to closed eyes for 2 minutes. Without opening your eyes, move your eyeballs to the right and left, keeping your gaze on extreme points. Do 10 exercises on each side.

Daily exercises help to fully restore the tone of the eye muscles.

Bates Method

Scientist William Bates described in detail how to restore vision with farsightedness. He singled out a number of exercises that can stop the progression of the disease.

Such treatment is carried out according to the scheme: when reading a book with small print eye muscles relax as much as possible. The source of information is placed at a distance of 30 cm from itself and dim light is turned on. Glasses and contact lenses are not used. The gaze is stopped at the space between the lines. It is important to break away from the book and pay attention to the objects in the room.

A set of exercises according to Bates:

Folk recipes to combat farsightedness

Ancestors knew how to treat farsightedness without surgery using effective recipes folk medicine:

1. Eyebright decoction: 2 tbsp. l. dry herbs pour 400 ml of boiling water, insist until the drug cools. The medicine is taken 4 times a day, 100 ml.
2. Cherry compresses: a handful of ripe cherries, previously pitted, are ground to a state of gruel. The puree is wrapped in gauze and applied to the eyes.
3. A decoction of blueberry leaves: 2 tbsp. l. dried leaves pour 2 cups boiling water. The broth is cooled, take 200 ml 2 times a day.
4. carrot juice, which improves vision, is taken freshly squeezed. It is not recommended to purchase a store product.

Facilities traditional medicine with farsightedness, they allow you to restore as quickly as possible lost sight with minimal health risk.

With farsightedness, cherry compresses are often used.

Prevention of farsightedness

In order not to think about how to deal with farsightedness, you need to pay attention to eye hygiene. Basic Rules:

1. 40 minutes after working at the computer, do gymnastics for the eyes, be distracted by foreign objects.
2. Adjust the brightness of the computer monitor according to the brightness of the ambient light.
3. Read, write at a comfortable table.
4. The distance between the eyes and the book (computer monitor) is at least 30 cm.
5. Place the lamp on the table on the left side for right-handers, on the right side for left-handers.
6. Keep your back straight while sedentary work.
7. Do not overload your eyes with meaningless activities.

Treatment of farsightedness by methods folk therapy carried out only on initial stages diseases. Elderly people are recommended microsurgery for farsightedness to fully restore vision. By using surgical intervention they can even defeat farsightedness of the 3rd degree. To reduce the risk of developing pathology, it is important to observe the prevention of the disease.

Dec 19, 2016 Doc

Farsightedness or hypermetropia is a fairly common ailment characterized by a significant deterioration in vision. With this disease, a person sees well objects that are far away, but he practically does not perceive nearby ones. The image, ideally, should fall on the retina, in which case the person will see normally. With this pathology, the image gets behind the retina, hence the problems.

It is this visual impairment that is the most “inconvenient”, since a person sees poorly not only nearby objects. Those that are far away, he also sees indistinctly. The disease can occur in absolutely anyone, but more often it is diagnosed in people over 30 years old. Treatment of the disease is long, but quite possible. And the treatment of farsightedness with folk remedies will help in normalizing vision. The main condition for unconventional ways therapies were in addition to those prescribed by the doctor drug treatment. The fight against the disease must be comprehensive.

The reasons for the development of pathology include both damage to the refractive structures of the eye and the irregular shape of the eyeball itself. Farsightedness is physiological, congenital, acquired and age-related or senile.

Physiological hyperopia develops in children. Its occurrence is due to the underdevelopment of the organs of vision. As you get older, your eyesight improves. As for congenital farsightedness, the development of this disease is often caused by various anomalies of the eyeball or the refractive system of the eye. In addition, the disease may be the result of violations in the development of the cornea, lens and eyeball.

The occurrence of acquired hypermetropia is provoked by damage to the refractive system of the eye, as well as a decrease in the anteroposterior size of the eyeball. In addition, the appearance of the disease can be caused by eye injuries, improperly performed surgical interventions, neoplasms in the orbit.

As for age-related farsightedness or presbyopia, this disease develops due to a violation of the structure or functioning of the lens, associated with the peculiarities of its development.

Pathology is manifested, as a rule, the appearance of the following symptoms:

• burning in the eyes;
• rapid fatigue;
• pain in the eyes;
• headaches;
• increased tearing;
• photophobia;
• soreness in the eyes.

Scheme of the focus of vision (normal and farsightedness): 1. Cornea 2. Lens 3. Retina

It is important to understand that ignoring the manifestations of the disease, as well as refusing therapy, is fraught with the development of strabismus, myopia, keratitis, conjunctivitis and blepharitis.

Properly selected treatment, wearing lenses or glasses, the use of special drops, as well as the treatment of farsightedness with folk remedies - all this will help in normalizing vision. An integral step in the treatment of the disease is the correction of lifestyle and nutrition.

Healthy eating is one way to improve vision

It is possible to normalize vision and cure the disease not only with the help of traditional techniques. Treatment of the disease at home is also possible. The main thing is to follow all the prescriptions and recommendations of the attending physician, lead a healthy lifestyle, refuse bad habits and adjust your diet.

It has been proven that the functioning of the organs of vision and the quality of vision directly depend on nutrition. At eye pathologies in the human diet should be present foods enriched with ascorbic acid, vitamins A and B, as well as trace elements. It is recommended to use more food vegetable origin.

Experts advise eating cod liver, cheese, fish fat, butter, egg yolk. These foods are sources of vitamin A. In addition, doctors recommend eating more carrots, spinach, sea buckthorn, sweet peppers, apricots, lettuce. Fermented milk products, fish and cabbage are useful for vision.

Sources ascorbic acid- wild rose, citrus fruits, black currant, mountain ash, tomatoes, bell pepper, greens, tomatoes. The use of these products contributes to a significant improvement in farsightedness.

Such important trace elements for the human body, in particular the organs of vision, as phosphorus, potassium and iron, are found in high concentrations in vegetable oil(olive, corn, sunflower), dried apricots, melon, celery, apple cider vinegar, offal, beans, apple juice.

Nutrition for this disease should be balanced and complete. But there are certain foods that you should avoid. Recommended exclusion from the diet:

• alcoholic beverages;
• coffee;
• of bread;
• semi-finished products;
• white sugar;
• sweets: chocolate, ice cream, pastries, cakes;
• smoked and canned foods;
• sausages;
• fatty and fried foods.

Gymnastics for the eyes - an effective way to correct vision

There are special exercises that help normalize the functioning of the organs of vision and improve vision. You need to perform them every day, the only way to get rid of the disease.

Exercise 1. Perform head turns. In this case, the head, neck and eyes should move simultaneously. Do not strain while turning the muscle. Movements should be smooth and slow.

Exercise 2. Read daily. It could be a newspaper, magazine or book. The optimal location of the object is at a distance of 30 cm. It is important to read in the right light. Dim or too bright light is not welcome. In addition, this exercise must be performed without lenses and glasses. If there is soreness or fatigue in the eyes, and the exercise has not yet ended, take a minute break.

Exercise 3. Move your eyes diagonally. Look to the left first bottom corner, then move it in a straight line to the upper right corner. Do the same in the opposite direction. Repeat the exercise five times.

Exercise 4. Bring your finger to your eyes. Look at him, while both eyes should be reduced to the nose. Fix your gaze for a couple of seconds. Blink. Do five more of these exercises.

Exercise 5. Go to the window. Look at a nearby detail, such as a window frame or a tree branch. Fix your gaze. Then look at the most distant object. Fix your gaze. Blink.

Exercise 6. To complete this exercise, you will need a table to determine the quality and level of vision. Hang it at a distance of 30 cm from the eyes. Take a book, only such that there are large intervals between lines of text, that is, white lines. First, focus on the letters of the table (for about 15 seconds), and then move your eyes to a blank area of ​​the book page. Blink. It is not recommended to close your eyes during the exercise.

Daily exercise for vision (20 minutes a day) improves vision. The main thing is to do all the exercises correctly. Don't expect quick results. On average, the effect of gymnastics becomes noticeable after a month.

Alternative medicine will help in the treatment of pathology

Effective and effective at any stage of the development of the disease. The main thing is that drugs from medicinal plants and other natural ingredients was an addition to the traditional treatment prescribed by the attending physician.

With farsightedness, folk remedies are possible. Regular intake of medicines along with gymnastics and proper nutrition for early stages the development of hypermetropia will help normalize vision. The main thing is to adhere to the dosages and proportions of the compositions and not to abuse the drugs.

Take the shell and the cores of five walnuts, grind them and mix thoroughly. Mix the walnut mass with dioica nettle and burdock rhizomes - two tablespoons of each component. Brew the mixture with boiled water - a liter. Place the composition on the stove, wait for the composition to boil.

Boil the remedy for a quarter of an hour. Add the following mixture to the infusion. Connect the rue with the elm-leaf viper, Icelandic moss, cinnamon, crushed lemon and white acacia. Each ingredient must be taken in 20 grams. When you add raw materials to the infusion, boil the product for another 20 minutes. Consume ¼ cup of the filtered potion once a day.

Useful for visual function rose hip. Steam the fruits of the plant - about a kilogram with three liters of boiling water. When the berries are softened, wipe them through a sieve and mix with honey - a glass and boiled slightly cooled water - two liters. Boil the composition for 15 minutes. It is recommended to take half a glass healing drink twice a day. So that the remedy does not lose its medicinal properties, store it in a dark cool place.

Effective in the fight against the disease and the following recipe. Squeeze juice from grapefruit - three fruits and lemon - two. Mix them up. Next, combine the resulting juice mixture with boiled slightly cooled water - a liter. Drink 100 ml of the drink three times a day.

For the treatment of the disease, an infusion of cherry leaves is often used. Grind the raw materials and steam 30 grams with boiling water - half a liter. Let the remedy stand for an hour. Drink ½ cup of the drink daily.

An excellent effect can be achieved using a decoction of pine needles. Pour 30 grams of chopped needles with half a glass of boiling water. Put the container on the stove, wait for the composition to boil. Boil the remedy for 20 minutes. Then tightly close the container and set aside in a warm place overnight. It is recommended to use 15 ml of filtered drug three times a day.

Alternative treatment of senile hypermetropia

Brew 20 grams of blueberry leaves in two hundred milliliters of freshly boiled water. Put the tightly closed container in heat for two hours. Drink ½ cup of the drug twice a day.

Steam 15 grams of eyebright with boiling water - 200 ml. Let the tool stand. After three hours, filter the composition. Consume ¼ cup of the drug four times a day.

Pour 30 grams of dried wheatgrass roots into a saucepan. Fill the raw material with a liter of water. Boil the composition until ¼ of the liquid has evaporated. Strain and take 15 ml of medicine five times a day.

Now you know how to treat farsightedness with folk remedies. All of the above funds, along with gymnastics for the eyes, taking medications prescribed by a doctor, will help in the treatment of the disease.

Farsightedness (hypermetropia) is a visual impairment in which the image of objects (light rays) is focused not on the retina, as in good vision, but behind it. Already defocused rays fall on the retina, creating a fuzzy, blurry image. One of the most common methods for correcting farsightedness is glasses and contact lenses. However, this is just a temporary correction of vision, the defect itself does not disappear with it.

Laser correction

Currently, two technologies of excimer laser vision correction are dominant:

PRK (PRK - photorefractive keratectomy): the first development of refractive laser surgery is the operation "photorefractive keratectomy", literally - "dosed removal of corneal tissue by evaporation using an excimer laser."

LASIK (laser keratomileusis): LASIK technology is the most modern look vision correction is a unique combination of microsurgical and excimer laser technologies. This is the most "sparing" and effective method preserving the anatomy of the layers of the cornea. It is important that after the operation you will forever put aside your usual glasses and lenses, acquiring absolutely normal vision. On the same evening, you can watch TV at home, read a newspaper or a book.

lenses

Correction with contact lenses has a number of important advantages over spectacles. Firstly, the lenses will not interfere with driving active image life. Lenses cannot be broken and are difficult to scratch. Many (especially children and teenagers) are embarrassed to wear glasses, lenses for such people are just a salvation. Finally, lenses allow fashionistas to change their eye color. It would seem that an ideal method of correction has been found.

However, wearing lenses may not be to everyone's liking; a foreign object in the eye interferes with many, and sometimes (as often happens if the patient is faced with a low level of medical care or has acquired poor-quality lenses) can cause irritation and cause inflammation.

It may seem unpleasant to install or remove lenses. In addition, contact lenses should not be worn when colds, even minor ones, which limits the use this method correction of hypermetropia.

Glasses

Glasses are the most common way to correct farsightedness. This is today the main way to correct children's hypermetropia. For all their merits, glasses give their owner a lot of inconvenience - they constantly get dirty, fog up, slip and fall, interfere with sports and any other active physical activity. Glasses do not provide 100% vision correction. Glasses severely limit peripheral vision, violate the stereoscopic effect and spatial perception, which is especially important for drivers. Broken glass lenses can cause serious injury in the event of an accident or a fall. In addition, improperly selected glasses can cause permanent eye fatigue and the progression of farsightedness. Nevertheless, glasses remain the simplest, cheapest and most safe method farsightedness correction.

Operation

When a doctor decides how to get rid of farsightedness in a given situation, he must take into account etiological factors and the degree of development of pathology.

Various methods are used to correct farsightedness. laser techniques. With the help of a laser beam, the shape of the cornea is changed. The laser allows you to shoot thinnest layer tissue, due to which the curvature of light refraction changes - refraction. Laser correction is the fastest and most effective method of treating the disease. The operation is carried out under local anesthesia and does not last long. On the same day, the patient is allowed to go home.

Laser operations have big amount benefits, namely:

• Convenience, as a person gets the opportunity to permanently get rid of wearing glasses or contact lenses that cause inconvenience.
• The operation does not carry any risk of complications, it is less traumatic, therefore, a few hours after the completion of the manipulations, the doctor sends the patient home.
• Laser treatment of farsightedness is very effective and in most cases, after its implementation, vision is restored completely.
• Despite modern technology, laser correction remains an easy-to-implement method.

But even with all positive qualities laser surgery, it has some disadvantages. So, for example, the risk of complications remains, although it is minimized. In such a situation, the patient will need repeated laser correction. Basically, laser exposure is used to treat the age-related form of farsightedness or with severe violation accommodation processes in the eye.

With a high degree of development of the pathology, treatment begins with preparation, that is, with scleroplasty or collagenoplasty. With the help of such procedures, thanks to the use of donor tissues, a new corset for the sclera is formed. Then, after stopping the development of the disease, its laser correction is performed.

Refractive surgery for farsightedness is also organized with the development of a high degree of pathology. If the anomalies in refraction are very serious, or there is a loss of the natural functioning of the transparent lens, it is removed and replaced with an artificial implant.

During the operation, using ultrasound, the lens is brought to a state of emulsion, after which it is removed from the eye. Manipulations are performed under local anesthesia and do not require subsequent suturing, so the patient is not hospitalized. This method of correction of farsightedness is used when other methods have not given positive results.

Folk remedies

Below is the treatment of farsightedness at home:

• Pour one part of Chinese magnolia vine fruits with three parts of 70-degree alcohol, soak for a week and take 20 drops three times a day on an empty stomach for 20-25 days.
• Steep two teaspoons of blueberry leaves in a glass of boiling water and set aside for one hour. Filter and take half a glass of infusion twice a day.
• Brew a tablespoon of chopped motherwort grass with a glass of boiling water for 40 minutes and strain. Drink 2-3 times a day in the afternoon, a tablespoon to improve vision.
• In the summer season, when the cherry has ripened, make lotions for the eyes from its pulp. The recipe has been tested - it effectively prevents vision loss.
• Prepare a decoction of dry chopped wheatgrass rhizomes: boil 4 tablespoons of raw materials in one liter of water until ¼ of the liquid remains from the original volume. After filtering, drink a tablespoon 4-5 times a day.
• Steep a tablespoon of eyebright herb with a glass of boiling water for three hours and strain. Take the infusion three to four times a day for half a cup.
• For eye strain at work or at home, apply slices to the eyeballs raw potatoes. Keep this compress for five minutes.
• During treatment with any remedy, do not forget to relax and unwind.

Exercises

There are some exercises for the eyes that help tone the muscles and normalize the work of the visual organs:

• It is required to take a sitting position, bend the right arm at the elbow and place it in front of the eyes at a distance of 40 cm. Rotate the fingers in a clockwise direction. With a glance, you will need to follow the moving finger without turning your head. The same actions must be performed with the other hand, but counterclockwise. The exercise is repeated 7 to 10 times.
• It is necessary to sit in the most comfortable position and place the end of the index finger directly opposite the eyes at a distance of about 30 cm. For a few seconds, you need to focus on distant objects, and then look at the finger. The number of repetitions - from 10 times or more.
• You need to take a comfortable sitting position, relax your muscles and look ahead. The head turns to the right with the simultaneous translation of the gaze, after which it takes its original position. The same steps are taken in opposite side. In each direction, you need to do 10 approaches.
• Sit with a straight back, put your arms bent at the elbows on the back of your head. It is necessary to try to arch your back back, and put your legs on your toes, then you should relax. The exercise is repeated 7 or more times.
• With the development of pathology, exercises for the eyes with farsightedness, which involves performing motor exercises for the eyes themselves, help well. You should also regularly stop looking either at close or at distant objects.
• If farsightedness develops in only one eye, then gymnastics is carried out under the condition of closing healthy eye. Exercises are done until then. Until the vision of the diseased eye in terms of its indicators does not correspond to the vision of a healthy one.

Gymnastics can be completed by taking a shower. Combining eye exercises with a healthy lifestyle is considered the key to human health and longevity.

Positive results can be achieved only if the exercises are performed every day. Therefore, you can’t be lazy and do gymnastics only in free time. Exercises for age-related farsightedness will help restore the functioning of the visual organs. But you should not stop classes already at the first improvements. Charging for the eyes helps to increase muscle tone, and if you refuse to exercise, there will be a decrease in tone and farsightedness will return again.

Gymnastics

Gymnastics for the eyes in the treatment of farsightedness should be combined with the following recommendations. Alternate reading in dim and bright light helps with this disease. For example, one chapter can be read in one type of lighting, the second in another. In the process of reading, from time to time concentrate not on the letters, but on the white spaces between them.

Being on the street, try to look at something monotonous - grass, walls of houses. Try to follow moving objects - cars, clouds, balloons, etc. This is also one of the types of eye training for farsightedness.

vitamins

Vitamins for the eyes with farsightedness - one of the important points in the fight against farsightedness.

Be sure to adjust your diet. Eliminate sweets from your diet alcoholic drinks, and strong coffee. Always read the composition on food labels: they should not contain (or at least a minimal amount of) dyes, flavor enhancers, preservatives and other food additives and chemicals.

IN daily diet potassium-rich foods should be included - these are potatoes, bananas, legumes etc., as well as foods rich in vitamins A and C.

For farsightedness, vitamins B2, beta-carotene, selenium, zinc are usually used, but blueberry anthocyanin and lutein are considered the most effective.
Blueberries have active ingredients- anthocyanins, which increase visual acuity, as well as improve adaptation to artificial lighting. They provide the visual cells with a full blood supply, and also relieve the effect of eye fatigue. Lutein is found in kiwi, spinach, celery, etc., and it protects the eyes from aging and damage.

It is quite difficult to answer which vitamins for the eyes with farsightedness are best. In any case, you need to eat right, so that the food is rich in vitamins and other useful elements. Vitamin A, B, E, as well as selenium and zinc improve conductivity nerve endings your eyes.

Charger

1. Look straight ahead. At a distance of about 30 cm from the face, extend your hand and raise your index finger up. For the first 2-4 seconds, carefully look at the finger, then look into the distance (through the finger) for a few seconds. Repeat the exercise 7-10 times.
exercise examples

2. Extend your arm in front of you at a distance of 30 cm. In this case, the fingers should be located directly at eye level.
Slightly spread your fingers and look through them at all nearby objects. Slowly turn around without changing the position of the hand, and also continue to examine the room. Make a few turns.

3. Place your palms on your eyes in such a way that their centers are at eye level (the surface of the palms should not press the eyes or press, but only cover them). Ensure complete darkness without any gaps. Relax and sit in this position for a few minutes.
You need to open your palms slowly and smoothly so that your eyes have time to get used to the light.

Causes and types of farsightedness

Depending on the cause and mechanism of development, several types of farsightedness are distinguished.

Depending on the cause, there are:

• Physiological farsightedness. Physiological farsightedness observed in children younger age, which is due to the peculiarities of the structure of their eyes ( their eyeball is shorter in anteroposterior size, and the refractive powers of the lens and cornea are reduced). As the child grows older, the shape of his eye approaches that of an adult, as a result of which, by the age of 13-14, physiological farsightedness disappears without requiring any treatment.
• congenital farsightedness. Congenital farsightedness can occur as a result of intrauterine developmental anomalies or injuries. The immediate cause of this phenomenon may be an irregular shape of the eyeball, damage to the lens or cornea.
• Acquired farsightedness. Acquired farsightedness develops as a result of injuries to the cornea, lens or eyeball, including after unsuccessfully performed surgical operations on the eyes.
• Age-related farsightedness. This disease is characterized by a gradual deterioration in near vision, which develops in people over 40 years of age and is associated with anatomical changes in the lens. The lens is the main organ of the accommodation apparatus. When a person looks into the distance, the refractive power of the lens decreases, as a result of which images of objects become clear. When looking at closely spaced objects, the lens becomes more convex ( which is provided by the reduction ciliary muscle ), and its refractive power increases. With age, a dense nucleus forms in the center of the lens, as a result of which the elasticity of the lens decreases, and with it its accommodative ability.

Symptoms and diagnosis of farsightedness

In the diagnosis of farsightedness use:

• Measurement of visual acuity. It is carried out using special tables on which letters are located various sizes. During the study of visual acuity, the doctor also determines the degree of farsightedness.
• Ophthalmometry. This method allows you to explore the refractive power of the cornea.
• Skiascopy. Allows you to explore the functions of the refractive system of the eye ( including the cornea and lens).
• Refractometry. It also allows you to explore the state of the refractive system of the eye. The study can be carried out manually ( using special tools) or automatically using a special computer.

Treatment and prevention of farsightedness

For the treatment and correction of farsightedness, apply:

• Glasses. The essence of the method is the use of glasses with special converging lenses, which are selected for each eye individually ( depending on the degree of farsightedness). As a result, the focus point of the image in the eye moves forward, falling directly on the retina, which allows you to achieve the sharpest image.
• Contact lenses. IN this case Converging contact lenses are also used to correct vision, which are installed directly on outer surface cornea.
• Phakic intraocular lenses. These lenses are placed directly in the eye ( behind the cornea), providing the maximum corrective effect.
• laser treatment. The essence of this method lies in the fact that with the help of a special laser they change the curvature of the cornea, as a result of which its refractive power increases.
• Replacement lens. During this operation, the lens is removed from the affected eye, and an artificial lens is installed in its place.
• Surgery. Operationally it is possible to change the shape of the cornea in such a way that its refractive power increases. It is also possible to transplant a donor cornea.

Eye exercises for farsightedness

It should be noted right away that during the performance of gymnastics, certain rules should be observed that will help to extract the maximum positive effects from the exercises and at the same time avoid overstrain.

While performing gymnastics for the eyes, it is recommended:

• Start classes gradually. If from the first day you start doing 10-15 exercises, repeating them several times, it is quite possible that by the end of the day a person will feel discomfort, burning or even pain in the eyes. Vision itself may also deteriorate. This is explained by too much load, which was placed on the "unprepared" eyes. To avoid this undesirable phenomenon, gymnastics should be started slowly and gradually. On the first day, it is best to perform 3-5 exercises 3-4 times each. If the next day the person does not experience any discomfort, 1 more exercise should be added. If, as the load increases, any of the above side effects, you should “remove” one or two exercises or even take a short break ( lasting 1 - 2 days). If discomfort, burning or pain in the eyes does not disappear within 2 to 3 days after the exercise is stopped, you should consult an ophthalmologist ( treating eye diseases).
• Practice regularly. Like any type of physical activity, eye exercises should be done regularly, day after day. It is recommended to choose certain time during the day in which the patient will perform full complex exercises ( duration from 15 to 20 minutes). It is best to practice in the morning before work, as this will “stretch” your eyes and “charge” them with energy for the whole day. It is important to remember that the maximum healing effect develops only a few weeks after the start of exercise and persists only with regular exercise. If you take long breaks during treatment ( i.e. not exercising for weeks or even months on end), the positive effects of gymnastics disappear, and farsightedness can progress further.
• Maintain eye hygiene. As already mentioned, gymnastics can slow down the progression of farsightedness and its complications, but does not completely eliminate this disease. If, when performing gymnastics, a person overstrains his eyes ( for example, sitting at the computer for several hours without a break), the positive effect of exercise will be significantly reduced. Also, permanent lack of sleep, irrational and malnutrition, non-compliance with the regime of work and rest can negatively affect the treatment process.

Exercises for age ( senile) farsightedness

To prevent age-related farsightedness, it is recommended to perform:

• Exercise 1 ( frequent blinking). The exercise is performed in a sitting position. Need often ( 1 time per second) blink your eyes for 20 - 30 seconds in a row. This exercise helps relieve eye strain.
• Exercise 2 ( screwing up). The essence of the exercise is to tightly close your eyes for 3-5 seconds, after which open them as wide as possible, holding in this position for another 3-5 seconds. The exercise should be repeated 2-4 times. It improves blood circulation and metabolism in oculomotor muscles, as well as in intraocular structures.
• Exercise 3 Before starting the exercise, you need to sit on a chair and relax accommodation ( i.e. looking into the distance). After that, you need to alternately raise the eyeballs up and down, and then look to the right and left, without moving your head. This exercise also stimulates blood circulation in the oculomotor muscles.
• Exercise 4 This exercise is also performed with relaxed accommodation. It is necessary to perform circular movements with the eyeballs clockwise ( 2 - 3 times) and then in the opposite direction.
• Exercise 5 Regular reading of books will slow down the development of age-related farsightedness. The text in the book should be relatively small, and the book itself, while reading, should be located at a distance of 15 - 20 cm from the eyes. Reading books in this way is recommended daily, once a day for 10-15 minutes. It is important to remember that reading in this mode for a long time is also not worth it, since this overstrains the accommodation apparatus and myopia may develop.
• Exercise 6 For this exercise, you will need a book or just a sheet of paper with text printed on it. Do not use glasses or contact lenses during the exercise. First, move the book to arm's length and try to read a few words. Then you should slowly bring the book closer to your eyes, trying to read the text further. When the letters become blurry ( that is, when a person can no longer read the text), the book should be slowly pushed back. Repeat the exercise 2-3 times.
• Exercise 7 For execution this exercise close your eyes and lightly press your fingertips on upper eyelids. After 2-3 seconds, remove your fingers and open your eyes. Repeat the exercise 5-7 times. This stimulates the circulation of intraocular fluid, improving the metabolism in the cornea and lens.
• Exercise 8 Starting position - lying on your back ( on a hard surface), arms spread out to the sides. Hold a tennis ball in one hand or any other small item). Then, keeping your arms straight, you should shift the ball from one hand to the other, following it with your eyes. The exercise should be repeated 10-12 times, and the first 5-6 times the head should remain motionless ( only the eyeballs should move), and the next 5-6 times you should turn the head itself ( which will improve microcirculation in cervical region spine).
• Exercise 9 Runs under open sky (outdoors, in the park). During the exercise, you should alternate reading the words in the book ( within 1 - 2 minutes) and viewing distant moving objects ( flying birds, clouds, passing cars and so on). This makes the accommodation apparatus work, and also involves the oculomotor muscles.
• Exercise 10 The exercise is performed in a sitting position. First, you should stretch your hand in front of your face and fix your eyes on the fingers of the hand. Then slowly turn your head right and left, up and down) while keeping your fingers in sight. The exercise should be repeated 5-6 times.

It is worth noting that when you start performing these exercises, you should not expect a quick visible effect ( presbyopia develops over many years and cannot be eliminated in a few weeks). At the same time, with regular gymnastics, near vision can be improved, which in uncomplicated cases can allow a person to read normally without glasses.

Exercises for the ciliary muscle

With farsightedness, a person’s eye is initially “tuned” in such a way that it sees well into the distance. If a person at the same time wants to look at a nearby object, he needs to strain the accommodation apparatus ( that is, to contract the ciliary muscle). In patients with farsightedness, this process requires great effort and leads to greater load on the eyes than healthy people. Due to constant overload, the ciliary muscle hypertrophies over time ( that is, there is an increase in its size and strength), as a result of which it loses the ability to relax to the right degree, which leads to the development of myopia.

It is worth noting that with the development of myopia as a complication of farsightedness, a person does not begin to see better objects located nearby, he simply begins to see far worse. As a result, his vision progressively deteriorates, which significantly affects the quality of life. That is why, with farsightedness, it is recommended to perform some exercises that will reduce the load on the ciliary muscle, improve its blood supply and normalize its metabolism.

Exercises for the ciliary muscle include:

• Exercise 1. To perform the exercise, you should go to the window or go outside, find the most distant point on the horizon and look at it for a minute. This will allow you to relax the accommodation apparatus as much as possible and relieve tension from the ciliary muscle.
• Exercise 2. To perform this exercise, stand on your feet and extend one arm in front of you. Then you should fix your eyes on the fingers of the hand and slowly bring them closer to the tip of the nose, and then also slowly move them away. The exercise should be repeated 3-5 times.
• Exercise 3 To complete this exercise, you will need a small ball. The essence of the exercise is to throw the ball up and then catch it, following it with your eyes throughout its entire flight. The exercise should be repeated 10-15 times.
• Exercise 4 To complete this exercise, you need to go to the glazed window ( the distance from the eyes to the glass should be 10 - 15 cm) and find the farthest point on the horizon. First, you should look at this point for 5 to 10 seconds, and then try to focus your vision on the glass itself. In people with a pronounced degree of farsightedness, this may not work out, however, the process of performing the exercise itself will make the accommodation apparatus work, thereby improving blood circulation and metabolism in the ciliary muscle.
• Exercise 5 To perform this exercise, you should stretch your hands clenched into fists in front of you, while straightening your index fingers. After that, the finger of one hand should be brought closer to the tip of the nose ( at a distance of 5 cm from him), and leave the finger of the second hand in the same position. During the exercise, you should focus your eyes first on one finger, and then on the other. The exercise should be repeated 5-7 times.
• Exercise 6 ( stereo images). Stereo pictures are drawings constructed in a special way, when properly examined, you can see a three-dimensional image of the detail hidden in them. The positive effect of viewing stereo images is that in order to see the “hidden” detail, you need to make it work ( i.e. stretch and relax) accommodation apparatus. This is done in the following way. A person should sit opposite the image, placing it at a distance of 20 - 30 cm from the eyes, and then try to look into the distance ( through the picture). If everything is done correctly, after a while ( in seconds or minutes) the person will see a new 3D image. Such an exercise stimulates the work of the ciliary muscle, and also improves its blood supply and metabolism in it, preventing the development of complications with farsightedness. It is worth noting that almost no one can immediately “see” the desired image on a stereo image, however, as training progresses, it becomes easier to do this, since the ciliary muscle and the entire visual analyzer “adapt” to the work performed.

Exercises for farsightedness in children

Exercises that strain the accommodation apparatus can also help correct vision in children with farsightedness ( that is, they force the ciliary muscle to work), thereby stimulating its development. However, getting a child to do all the exercises listed above can be extremely difficult ( especially in the first years of life), and therefore, improvised means should be used to perform gymnastics.

A set of exercises for children with farsightedness includes:

• Exercise 1. The first exercise that should be performed before starting gymnastics is light rubbing ( massage) closed eyes child with fingertips for 3 to 5 seconds. This exercise should be repeated 4-5 times with an interval of 30 seconds, which will improve the circulation of intraocular fluid.
• Exercise 2. Suitable for children of the first year of life. When the child is lying on his back, you should attract his attention with some object ( bright toy). When the child fixes his gaze on the object, you should slowly bring this object closer to his eyes, moving it from side to side and observing the reaction of the child ( that is, by checking whether it continues to follow the subject). At first, you should repeat the exercise no more than 1 - 2 times, and then you can increase the number of repetitions up to 3 - 5 times. In the process of performing this exercise, the ciliary muscle is tense and the accommodation apparatus is turned on.
• Exercise 3 Suitable for young children who are already beginning to imitate the movements of adults. When playing with a child, you need to attract his attention ( to look at the face of an adult), after which you should alternately close your eyes and open your eyes wide. Over time, the child will begin to repeat this movement, which will improve blood circulation and metabolism in the intraocular structures.
• Exercise 4 Suitable for children aged 1.5 - 2 years who can already move independently. You should attract the attention of the child with a small ball, which then needs to be thrown somewhere far away. At the same time, the child must follow him, find and bring him back. You can also just sit with the child on the floor ( several meters apart) and send ( roll over) the ball to each other for 3 - 5 minutes in a row. All these exercises will stimulate the functioning of the accommodation apparatus in the eyes of the child.
• Exercise 5 If the child already knows how to read, this can also be used in preventive purposes. To do this, you should take a book that is interesting for the child and ask him to read the text at a convenient distance for him. Then you should bring the book closer to the eyes by 10 - 15 centimeters and again ask the child to read a few sentences from it. The exercise should be performed daily for 5 to 7 minutes, gradually moving the book closer and closer to the eyes.