At what age do dairy change. When baby teeth fall out in a child: a diagram with a detailed explanation. What are the ways to prevent caries?

It seemed that only yesterday your baby's first teeth appeared, very little time has passed, and they are already staggering and starting to fall out. You are surprised and worried. And, of course, you begin to wonder what kind of teeth the child is changing, and at what age. And all or just some?

What are changing?

Their change in all children occurs in different ways, ranging from four to fourteen or fifteen years. And every individual case is the norm. By the age of four or five, children usually have twenty milk teeth: two canines and eight incisors and chewing - molars. And from this age they all begin to change. When this happens depends on many factors: the immunity of the child, the condition of his gums, natural conditions, heredity, etc. This process is usually completed by the age of fourteen or fifteen. At this age, a person has four incisors and small molars and two canines, a total of twenty-eight permanent teeth. The remaining four may appear after the age of seventeen. Many people don't grow them.

Which teeth in a child change first?

This question interests many parents. The first teeth to fall out are the lower incisors. This happens after four or five years. By the age of six or eight, permanent ones grow in their place, which have stronger roots and hard enamel, which means they are better suited for chewing solid food. Before the change of teeth, noticeable gaps appear between them, having protective function in the formation of the jaw. If they do not appear, the child should be shown to the dentist.

Which teeth are the last to change in a child?

From six to seven years, the first molars and upper incisors change, then the lateral incisors, canines. When a child changes, this process is completely painless for him, unlike their eruption. He is even proud of the absence of a tooth, rightly believing that in this way he grows up. The second molars are the last to fall out and grow. The so-called "wisdom" teeth can appear after the age of seventeen and not for everyone.

Oral hygiene during the change of teeth

This period lasts quite a long time, and parents need to pay attention Special attention on child hygiene. It is necessary to teach him how to properly brush his teeth (not only by moving the brush to the sides, but also back and forth, up and down), rinse his mouth after eating, limit the intake sweet food. In no case should a child be allowed to loosen a tooth so that an infection does not get into the gum and cause inflammation of the oral mucosa. In addition, we must try to prevent caries. Despite the fact that milk teeth will all fall out in due time, while they are there, they must be carefully cared for. Otherwise, problems may arise in the future. Sick milk teeth need to be treated to get rid of the infection in the mouth, filled, not torn, because. the resulting void can affect the formation of the child. Parents need to know what time baby teeth change, because. if the process of their loss did not come on time, then in the future this may cause wrong growth permanent teeth. It is better to prevent this than to correct mistakes for a long and expensive time. Delays in the change of teeth may indicate a lack or excess in a growing child's body of some necessary and useful substances. Without medical advice qualified specialist V this case not enough. Teeth, both milk and permanent, must be taught to take care of from childhood and periodically conduct their preventive examination by a doctor. One dentist-humorist correctly noted that the first teeth are given to us by nature for free, while the rest will have to be paid. And it's not cheap these days. Therefore, this free gift must be valued and protected.

Milk teeth during eruption give children the first torment, but molars are even more disturbing. They are much larger, so their eruption causes noticeable discomfort, soreness, and even fever. Some parents are often confused about which teeth are milk and which are molars, they do not know basic things: how many of them, in what order they should appear, which milk teeth fall out first.

Not every parent can figure out offhand how things are with children's teeth - whether they are milk teeth or have already been replaced by permanent ones

How do molars erupt in children?

By the end of the first year of life, the baby should already have 8 milk teeth. Their earlier or later eruption is also normal, because every child physical development individually. All 20 milk teeth should usually appear by 3-3.5 years. The whole set looks like this:

top and bottom four incisors;
then 2 fangs on each jaw;
4 premolars (as the first molars are called in dentistry);
4 molars (2nd molars).

All these teeth will fall out in due time and be replaced by permanent ones, only the third molars, that is, the 6th molars, immediately grow as permanent ones, because they do not have milk predecessors, as, indeed, in the 7th and 8th . Many parents believe that milk teeth are without roots, that is, they will easily fall out on their own. However, milk teeth have the same structure as permanent teeth: they have a root, nerves, and enamel. By the way, the milk nerves have a more complicated structure, which makes such teeth more difficult to treat. In addition, they are much more vulnerable, because the enamel still contains few minerals - in case of damage or caries, the child experiences the same pain as an adult. When it's time to drop milk tooth, the root resolves, and its crown falls out by itself or is removed easily and without pain.

After the milk teeth, the premolars appear, that is, the first permanent teeth. A child can change at the same time on the top and mandible or first on the top. The permanent tooth is large in size, during eruption a significant part of the gum is damaged, causing it to swell, the temperature rises - the child painfully endures this process.

Within 2 months, teething occurs, the temperature may rise, the process is accompanied by copious excretion saliva - this causes irritation around the mouth, so parents need to provide dry state skin. Before going to bed, a special napkin is laid on the pillow, accumulated saliva is regularly removed, and the skin around the mouth is lubricated with special protective creams.

A child’s teeth completely change only by the age of 12-13 - then his jaw becomes indistinguishable from an adult and all the torment is finally left behind

When do teeth erupt?

The first, as a rule, incisors climb and fall out first, too. In children, the period of teething and their further loss can vary significantly. Most clearly, the pattern of appearance of teeth can be seen in the following tables:

Here is a graph of the appearance and loss of milk teeth, however, the permanent ones appear in exactly the same sequence, but occupy already more space. The first and usually largest molar appears at the site of the first incisors, which gradually loosen and fall out. The formation of incisors occurs from 6 to 9 years.

Following the central incisors, the lateral incisors change, and then the canines (usually in the period from 9 to 11 years). The first premolars come in at 10-12 years old, and the second molars are fully formed by the age of 13. The so-called wisdom teeth can appear as early as 18 years old, but the time can last up to 25 years. Sometimes the "eights" do not appear at all, but this is not a pathology.

visual diagram schedule of changing teeth in children

Symptoms of the appearance of molars in children

Parents should know when the molars are cut and fall out, because when they erupt, there are symptoms that need to be recognized. The first large molar that appears can even scare the child himself. Recognition early symptoms will help parents to respond correctly to their manifestation and help children reduce torment. The following symptoms can be distinguished:

Jaw enlargement (often lower). Children's new teeth are much larger than baby teeth, so the jaw grows to make room for them to appear.
Elevated temperature. Since the new tooth processes are thicker and larger, the gums swell, the blood flow in them increases, and the immune system reacts to this as a manifestation of the disease. biological release increases active substances to relieve puffiness, and therefore the temperature rises.
Increased salivation. As with the eruption of milk teeth, saliva begins to secrete intensively, only now the child is large and can take care of his mouth himself, wiping the saliva, preventing irritation of the skin around the mouth.
Redness of the gums and other areas in the mouth. The rush of blood can be considered clear sign that new teeth are coming in.
Violation of night sleep. Pain in the gums they do not allow children to sleep peacefully: the child wakes up, tosses and turns, even cries in his sleep, the temperature may rise.

How to help the baby?

Very young children, when their teeth are cut, are recommended to give special rings made of silicone or rubber. It is also recommended to eat a lot of solid food: dried biscuits, apples, carrots. The last recommendation is suitable for preschool children.

Sore gums when teething in children can be relieved various drugs- for example, gels with lidocaine. It must be remembered that the child may experience allergic reactions, even anaphylactic shock, therefore, before using Cholisala, Kamistad, Dentinoks, it is better to check each of them.

The completely harmless "Kalgel" is contraindicated for those children who have diathesis (we recommend reading:). For an allergic child, "Baby Doctor" is best or dental ointment Solcoseryl.

All drugs must be used only as directed by a doctor, and the doctor can also determine to what indicators you can not lower the temperature, because babies heat easier to tolerate than preschoolers. Strong fever, drowsiness, high temperature can be manifestations of the disease, since immunity during eruption is greatly reduced.

(2 rated for 5,00 from 5 )

Teeth grow twice in a lifetime - by 2-3 years (milk) and 11-12 (permanent). How does the replacement process take place, which teeth do not change in a person?

When do children's teeth fall out?

At normal conditions shift starts at age six. Dairy units 20, permanent - 28. 20-25 years - the age of the appearance of the third molars. They do not grow in everyone, but the absence (complete or partial) is not considered a pathology. The order of teething in children reflects the table.

The figures are relevant for both jaws, except for canines and molars: the lower ones change before the upper ones. There are no premolars that erupt for the first time at 10-12 years old in the milk bite. Shedding occurs as the roots dissolve from the top to the base.

Scheme of changing teeth.
Will molars change? The term is called molars ( chewing units) that cut through twice. The name is also used for permanent units, growing once and remaining until the end of life.

Deviations

Loss and growth rarely proceed with difficulties, but problems are possible:

Deadline violations. Changes are driven by individual factors. If missing unpleasant symptoms, the child's complaints of pain, inconvenience, there is no reason for unrest. But early loss provokes malocclusion: neighboring teeth tend to take the vacant place. The doctor, after diagnosing, will decide on the installation of a prosthesis.
retention(eruption stop) occurs due to incorrect bookmarking, lack of space, inflammatory processes, premature removal of milk. Orthopantogram () will detect the cause of retention. Used for treatment hardware method, stimulating eruption, in the absence of results, an operation is performed.

Prevention of retention - control over the condition of milk teeth, elimination of caries.
Prevention of retention - control over the condition of milk teeth, elimination of caries. If removal is required ahead of time, it is recommended to install children's prostheses: soft temporary, easily removable structures.

3. Signs of inflammation. Usually, the change process is painless: the gums are prepared for the growth of massive units, the roots of milk in children dissolve gradually. If the teeth fall out with the appearance of edema, a rise in temperature, severe pain, go to the dental office: the symptoms accompany the inflammatory process.

- It is possible to loosen a swinging tooth, accelerating the loss. It is impossible to shake strong units. Dentistry operates with the concept of "spatial balance", for the preservation of which it is not necessary to accelerate the natural process.
- When milk does not fall out, but appears nearby new tooth, consult a doctor: it may grow crooked or in the second row.
- After falling out, a bleeding wound appears. For a while, it is worth giving up hard foods, carbonated drinks, spices that irritate the mucous membrane. Cauterize wounds with alcohol, brilliant green, hydrogen peroxide is prohibited.
- Empty spaces on the gums cause chewing difficulties. Offer your child mashed, soft foods so that unchewed pieces do not enter the stomach, disrupting work.
- During the shift, there is a high need for phosphorus, which protects against caries, and calcium. Expand your child's diet big amount dishes from fish, cottage cheese, dairy products.

Limit sweets. The acid left after their use corrodes thin enamel, provoking the appearance of carious cavities.
Choose those containing a specially selected combination of calcium and fluoride.

Probably, for every parent, the moment of the appearance of the first non-permanent teeth is very long-awaited and exciting. Of course, the process of tooth growth in all children proceeds completely differently. And far from always, the eruption of the first teeth occurs at the scheduled time, moreover, the period itself is not always painless and fast. However, after all milk teeth have grown, parents are faced with another question, how to change teeth in children.

And they also ask what teeth change in children and what is the scheme for changing milk teeth to permanent ones? To correctly answer these questions, we will consider the replacement sequence temporary teeth for permanent ones. We will also help you understand this difficult process and answer the most popular questions, namely at what age all teeth change and how to facilitate the process of eruption of permanent dental units for a child.

This process in children is always lengthy, and rarely proceeds without pain and discomfort. As well as during the eruption of the first milk teeth, with the growth of permanent ones, children experience pain, the gums swell, which causes not only discomfort in the oral cavity, but it can also cause inflammation not only of the gums, but also of periodontal tissues, especially if hygiene was not sufficient.

That is why, as soon as milk teeth are replaced by permanent ones, it is extremely important to carefully monitor regular cleaning teeth and gums. And due to the fact that in order to monitor the correctness and consistency, orthodontists use a schedule for changing milk teeth to permanent, regular consultations with a dentist with early years are mandatory.

How does it go?

After the first non-permanent teeth have grown, many parents begin to worry and ask, at what age do milk teeth change, how should this happen, and which milk teeth change to permanent teeth, which do not. To begin with, remember that an adult has 32 permanent teeth, or 28 when wisdom teeth are missing, the 8th dental unit. Milk teeth, on the other hand, grow only 20, which are then replaced by permanent ones. And so, when milk teeth change to permanent scheme allows dentists to track the correctness and sequence of growth and formation of the dentoalveolar system.

Due to the fact that for almost every person the age when all milk teeth appear is very different, it is considered normal to have 8 dental units up to a year, and by 3 years of non-permanent teeth there should be 20. Incisors are classified as non-permanent units, in total 4 on both jaws, as well as 4 canines, premolars and molars. Premolars are the 1st molars, and molars are the 2nd molars. But what is very important, not all molars grow after replacing milk ones. Third roots, sixths, sevenths, and eighths do not have milk antecedents, making it difficult for parents to self-diagnosis and an assessment of which teeth have already been replaced by permanent ones, and which have not yet grown.

This image shows how milk teeth change in children.

That is why it is enough frequently asked question- Are molars replaced by permanent teeth? And to answer correctly, how milk teeth change to molars, a sequence diagram can help determine which units grow in a child after milk teeth, and which immediately appear permanent.

The sequence of changing dental units

Because this process is very individual, then there is a loss of non-permanent dental units and the growth of permanent teeth in different time, and most often parents ask dentists about how much milk teeth change in children, how to understand if teeth grow on time, and are all milk teeth replaced by molars?

This diagram shows the teeth in children, the order of changing milk teeth to permanent ones.

IT IS IMPORTANT TO KNOW:

To answer these questions, we will present data from the schemes that all dentists use. When milk teeth are replaced by permanent ones, the scheme helps to monitor the correctness of the process of tooth growth.

Currently, dentists use a specific schedule:

First molars or sixes - permanent sixth teeth grow behind the 2nd milk molar. These dental units appear before the age of 8 years and are immediately permanent without having a previous milk tooth.
Central permanent incisors. These dental units appear to replace the milk predecessors.
Lateral permanent incisors. These dental units appear after milk teeth.
The first premolars, or quadruples, replace the primary first molars. These dental units grow up to the age of 12 years
Permanent fangs replace dairy ones.
The second premolars or 5th teeth grow to replace the milk teeth.
The second molars or 7th teeth grow immediately permanent, without previous milk teeth. These dental units appear before the age of 14 years.
The last ones are the 3rd molars. These dental units appear in 75% of cases, and can erupt from the age of 16 years. In some people, these eighth teeth are completely absent.

The unified rule for the eruption of permanent teeth is that the dental units grow in pairs and the teeth in the lower jaw grow faster than in the upper. However, in connection with individual characteristics each child, it is quite difficult to identify a certain age of the appearance of each tooth. Therefore, the schemes indicate intervals for several years. Thus, to assess whether the change of milk teeth in children is physiological, the table of eruption terms is used by dentists.

A graph reflecting the age at which milk teeth change in children and permanent teeth erupt:

permanent incisors appear in the center at the age of seven or eight
lateral incisors appear somewhat later, with a difference of a year. Thus, at nine years old, there should be lateral incisors
The fangs of the lower jaw appear between the ages of eleven and twelve.
The first premolars appear between the ages of twelve and thirteen.
Second premolars appear between eleven and twelve
The first molars appear before the age of seven
The second molars appear at the age of ten to thirteen
Third molars appear at the age of sixteen and up to twenty-five years, but not in everyone.

Using this chart, parents can independently track when milk teeth change and how many years milk teeth change, and which milk teeth change. And given that the growth of teeth does not always follow a clear pattern, children's orthodontists recommend that you strictly observe the regularity of visits to the doctor. Indeed, in some situations, delays in the growth of permanent teeth occur due to untimely loss dairy units. Also, after the loss of the first non-permanent dental units, under the influence of certain factors, permanent teeth can grow crooked and deformed. Any changes in the shape and size of the dental units in the row can affect the correct bite, resulting in crooked teeth and a smile that is not as beautiful.

In order to prevent the formation of an incorrect abnormal bite in a child, you should contact the dentist from the moment the first tooth erupts and subsequently observe the regularity of examinations, since only with timely detection pathological changes bite, it is possible to carry out a complete correction quickly and completely comfortably for the child. In cases where changes occurred at the stage when milk teeth are replaced by permanent ones, treatment and bite correction can be carried out within six months. In addition, at present, children's orthodontists use the softest and most comfortable plates or trainers for correcting teeth.

But if malocclusion will be diagnosed at an older age when complete replacement permanent teeth, it will be possible to carry out a correction only with the help of braces or other structures that will need to be worn for several years. That's why when it starts given period, with proper oral care and regular monitoring by a dentist, you can completely eliminate the likelihood of problems with the growth of teeth or the formation of defects.

When there is a change of milk teeth in children, the timing of the onset of loss and growth of teeth can vary greatly, which, of course, cannot but worry parents. To make sure that the teeth grow in the correct sequence and prevent the formation of an abnormal bite when milk teeth begin to change, dentists recommend contacting only experienced and qualified pediatric dentists.

If you are faced with the problem of choosing a clinic and children's orthodontist– we are a Guide to Dentistry, we are guaranteed to be able to help you. Our experts will provide you full information about the best dental centers in the city, pricing policy each dentistry and you can definitely choose best option to examine your child.
You will also be able to get answers to all questions about how to independently monitor the correct growth of teeth according to the scheme and how easy it is to care for oral cavity since childhood.

Our team of professionals will help you right choice and don't regret your decision.
Contact the Guide to Dentistry, and you will forget about any problems associated with such a difficult period in life, when milk teeth in children begin to change.

As a rule, the process when temporary teeth are replaced by permanent ones begins in children at the age of six. But modern kids have one feature - accelerated development. Therefore, the loss of 5 years is a common occurrence in our time. During this period of a child's life, parents ask many questions: is it necessary to treat temporary teeth? Can problems arise and when should I contact the dentist? What is the fallout pattern for this process?

How is temporary teeth replaced?

That the norm for the number of teeth for an adult is 32. Why do children have only 20 of them? The fact is that at 6 months, when the first teeth begin to erupt in the baby, his jaw is very small. As the child grows, it lengthens. And during the shift period, two pairs of teeth additionally appear in each jaw. They are called premolars and are located between the canines and molars. As a result, the number of teeth increases from 20 to 28. And where are the other 4? These are the so-called wisdom teeth, and they will grow much later, after 17 years.

The process of changing teeth is mostly painless. It turns out that temporary incisors, canines and molars have roots that certain period dissolve. As a result, they lose support, become loose and fall out one by one. They are replaced by molars, which have a denser structure, hard enamel and have greater endurance in comparison with temporary teeth. Exactly children's body adapts to adult food. The procedure for the loss of milk teeth in children, the scheme and timing of this process will be given below.

The first signs of a change in temporary teeth

Thanks to some signs, it can be determined that the child will soon begin the process of losing milk teeth:

Terms and procedure for the loss of temporary teeth

Let's see how the primary milk teeth are replaced in children: loss at what age? What is the replacement scheme? And how long is this process? Experts say that the timing for each child is individual. Total duration the change of incisors, molars and canines is six to eight years. On average, the onset of the loss of "milk jugs" in girls falls on the age of six, in boys a little later. However, today's children are developing rapidly. Therefore, the pattern of loss of milk teeth in children can be tied to the age of five. Also, the start date of the process of changing incisors, molars and canines and its duration depend on the genetic heredity of the child. Influence is taking effect climatic conditions, food habits and quality of drinking water.

Below is a graphical representation of the sequence in which primary milk teeth are replaced in children. The fallout scheme, the photo of which is attached, shows that the incisors are replaced first, then the first molars, then the canines come, and the last in the list are the second molars.

At six or seven years of age, when the process of changing “milkmen” starts, the central incisors fall out first. And first it happens with the teeth of the lower jaw (in the figure they are shown at number 1), and after them comes the turn of the upper ones (at number 2).

Then the scheme of loss of milk teeth in children involves the change of the first molars of the upper and lower jaws (shown in the figure under numbers 5 and 6). This happens at the age of nine or eleven.

The next nine to twelve years, according to the norm, fangs should fall out upper jaw(number 7 in the image), and after - the same teeth from below (presented under number 8).

The last, as evidenced by the pattern of loss of milk teeth in children, is the turn of the second molars of the lower jaw (number 9 in the figure), and then the upper one (number 10). This happens at the age of ten or twelve.

Why is it important to keep temporary teeth?

dairy prone negative impact caries than indigenous. And complications of this disease occur quite often. The child himself cannot realize that he has a damaged tooth enamel. That is, for the diagnosis of caries, a visit to the dentist is necessary. Parents should be very responsible about this. After all advanced diseases milk teeth - a direct path to their loss, which in itself is a bad factor.

Temporary incisors, canines and molars are the "keepers" of the place for their native replacements. In case of loss temporary tooth his neighbors begin to move to fill the void. After the indigenous followers, who will grow in place of the existing dairy, there will not be enough space for normal development, and they will crawl on top of each other, forming an uneven row. It is also possible to disrupt their growth, shift to the side and the formation of a malocclusion.

Removal of a milk tooth at the dentist: possible causes

A good pediatric dentist will never allow a baby tooth to be removed if it can be cured and saved. However, there are situations when this is indispensable. Removal of a temporary tooth is justified in the following cases:

Strong destruction of the "milk jug" and the impossibility of its restoration.
Availability hilar cyst temporary tooth.
The development of inflammation, which can subsequently lead to problems with the molar.
Eruption of a permanent tooth when a milk tooth has not fallen out.
Strong reeling of the milk incisor, canine or molar, which causes pain and discomfort to the child.

Premature loss of temporary teeth

Above, the age limits in which milk teeth are replaced in children, the pattern of loss were determined. 5 years is a time limit after which the loss of an incisor, canine or molar is no longer considered premature, despite the fact that the norm for the beginning of the change of temporary teeth in pediatric dentistry is considered to be when a child reaches the age of six.

The reasons for the premature loss of "milk jugs" may be as follows:

Injury. The child lost a tooth as a result of mechanical impact (fall, impact).
Abnormal bite, which in pediatric dentistry is designated by the term "deep". covers the bottom, the teeth of which are subjected to excessive pressure, and there is a possibility of losing them.
Onslaught adjacent teeth. This happens when the "milkmen" have grown incorrectly. The cause of premature loss is similar to the previous paragraph - excessive pressure on the temporary incisor, canine or molar.
Caries in a state of disrepair. In this case, the milk tooth simply crumbles.
Intentional loosening of a temporary incisor, canine or molar by a child.

Delayed loss of temporary teeth

There is a situation when milk teeth are in no hurry to fall out. The reason for this may be the child's heredity, severe infection, rickets in a baby or unbalanced diet and, as a consequence, the lack of vitamins and calcium in the body.

A variant is possible when the milk tooth has not yet fallen out, and next to it its root replacement is already beginning to erupt. It's called shark teeth. There is nothing to worry about, but only if three months"milkman" still gives way permanent tooth. Otherwise, a visit to the dentist is necessary.

Also, a trip to the dentist is necessary if the child is already eight years old, and his milk teeth are still in place.

What to do after a temporary tooth fell out

Usually, the loss of a milk tooth is preceded by its reeling, so for a child such a moment will not come as a surprise. After the loss of a temporary canine, incisor or molar, a wound forms at the site of its growth. To stop the blood should be applied to the hole sterile cotton swab or gauze. After 3-5 minutes the bleeding will stop.

Within 2 hours after falling out, you should not feed the child, and after this time, you need to take warm food of a homogeneous composition for two to three days. Solid components and large fragments should be excluded in order to avoid injury to the unprotected gum area. After eating, rinse your mouth gently. The clotted blood plug formed at the site of tooth loss will fall out on its own within two to three days. extract it mechanically is strictly prohibited.

What not to do after a temporary tooth fell out

After the “milk jug” falls out, the child should not be allowed to gnaw on very hard foods, such as nuts, crackers, caramel. It is also prohibited to use antiseptics(hydrogen peroxide or alcohol solutions) to cauterize the resulting wound. Do not touch the bleeding hole with your fingers to prevent infection.

If, after the loss of a temporary incisor, canine or molar, the child has a fever, this is a reason to immediately contact a pediatrician. And during the period of changing milk teeth, you should contact the dentist at least twice a year for preventive examination.

Caring for teeth during their change

To keep milk teeth intact and healthy, the following is recommended:

brush your teeth using soft brush twice a day.
Teach your baby to rinse his mouth every time he has eaten.
Include dairy and dairy products to enrich the body with calcium.

During the period of change of temporary incisors, canines and molars in a baby, adults ask themselves the following questions: when do they begin to be replaced by indigenous ones? And what is the duration of this process? The answers to them are in this article. The main thing for parents is to remember that you need to visit twice a year pediatric dentist for preventive examination timely detection problems, if any. This will keep your baby's teeth beautiful and healthy.