Do chewing teeth change in children. Complete replacement of milk teeth with permanent teeth. Timing, features. Sequence of eruption of permanent teeth

Humans have two sets of teeth. The first dental units are temporary. They appear after birth and last about 5-6 years. These teeth are called milk teeth, and for all parents their eruption is a joyful and at the same time turbulent period in the development of the child.

The second set is permanent molars. Their growth and change of dairy begins from the age of five and sometimes lasts up to 15 years. This process can go unnoticed or, conversely, bring significant discomfort.

The process of changing milk teeth to indigenous children, as a rule, is tolerated quite easily.

Why are milk teeth needed and how are they different from permanent teeth?

During the prenatal period, the child is laying the rudiments of the first milk teeth. They erupt after the birth of the baby within a year or two, when the child is on breastfeeding. Hence the name - dairy. Then they are replaced by permanent ones. A person needs milk teeth, as well as future molars. They perform functions such as:

• acquisition of chewing skills;
• development of the speech apparatus;
• formation of the facial skeleton and bite;
• oral aesthetics.

Main differences temporary teeth from constants are reduced to 3 components:

1. Quantity. A person has 32 permanent dental units, and 20 milk teeth. This is due to the fact that the baby’s mouth is still small and all the molars would not fit there. Besides to drink breast milk and chew liquid porridge, 20 teeth are enough for children.
2. Rapid destruction of temporary teeth. The process of their loss for the baby is quick and painless, which cannot be said about the permanent ones.
3. Appearance. Milk teeth have thinner enamel, larger pulp, smaller crowns, wide canals, and a milky appearance.

Milk molars are characterized by a high susceptibility to caries. Plus, they are located in the oral cavity vertically.

Do all teeth change in a child?

This article talks about typical ways to solve your questions, but each case is unique! If you want to know from me how to solve exactly your problem - ask your question. It's fast and free!

As you know, the first set of teeth consists of twenty dental units: eight incisors, four canines and eight molars. All of them are replaced in the process of forming a permanent bite. The remaining 8-12 teeth immediately erupt with permanent ones. These include chewing molars, the first of which sixes appear at the age of 6-7 years.

The process of changing temporary teeth

The change of milk teeth is usually not accompanied by pain or other unpleasant symptoms, as happens when they are cut. It happens symmetrically and in a certain sequence.

The process begins with the fact that in the alveoli, where the roots of temporary molars are located, the roots of permanent dental units are formed. Gradually, the roots of milk teeth in children dissolve, and the molar itself begins to stagger. When the dissolution process reaches the neck temporary tooth, it falls out under the pressure of a permanent root molar, which is already growing to replace it.

The first signs of the beginning of a change in bite

Active growth of the jaw in children begins at about the age of five (see also:). It was during this period that the beginning of the loss of milk teeth falls. For most children, this process passes without significant changes in daily habits. Despite this, it is not worth leaving the change of molars uncontrolled. Some signs will help parents understand that the crumbs will soon fall out teeth:

• Change in interdental distance. As the jaw grows, the distance between the molars becomes wider. These gaps are provided for the appearance of additional teeth.
• Loosening of individual teeth. This indicates an imminent change in the dentition. Usually, there are no other symptoms other than slight staggering, such as bleeding or soreness.

Steps to take when teeth fall out

If the development of bone tissue proceeds normally, then some special measures in the process of loss of milk teeth is not required.

It is important to follow the rules of personal hygiene and provide proper oral care due to the formation of small wounds where infection can penetrate.

Dental care includes:

1. Teeth cleaning. It should be done twice a day, in the morning and before bed.
2. Rinsing. Rinse your mouth after every meal. To do this, you can use special solutions (for example, Chlorhexidine) or make your own decoctions of herbs (chamomile, sage, oak bark).
3. The use of additional dental appliances. These include dental floss or brushes.

If a child at the appropriate age does not have an increase in the interdental spaces, then it should be shown to the doctor. There may not be enough space for new molars - then they will grow in inappropriate places. This is fraught with problems with the formation of bite and other consequences.

At what age does the bite change and when does the last temporary tooth fall out?

Milk teeth in children begin to fall out at the age of 5 years, when there is an active growth of the jaw, which is necessary for the formation of a permanent bite. The very process of loss of all temporary molars stretches for 5-9 years and depends on:

• child's diet
• quality and composition drinking water, which the baby consumes;
• heredity and genotype;
• the presence or absence of severe pathologies;
• health status.

Each type of dental unit has its own period of loss. The time between how it fell out baby tooth, and in its place a permanent, individually appeared and can take a long time period - from a month to six months. The last milk teeth are replaced by permanent ones by the age of 12-14.

Drop pattern

There is a generally accepted schedule of how old and in what order milk teeth begin to fall out in children. The table below provides a diagram of the loss of milk teeth, including the order and timing when each individual molar should fall out:

Usually, the teeth in the bottom row fall out first, followed by the teeth in the top row. The diagram shows that the change of milk teeth occurs in the same sequence as their eruption.

Possible Associated Problems of Change of Bite

The above terms and order of falling out are considered the average norm, but are not clear rule from which there can be no derogation. The front incisors are not always the first to be replaced, and, for example, fangs can fall out not at 10-12 years old, but sooner or later. All these are individual features of a change in bite in a child.

The formation of bite can go and not according to general scheme. There is nothing wrong with this. However, sometimes this can cause a number of problems in the future, such as crooked teeth and an ugly smile that neither a teenager nor an adult wants to show in life or capture in a photo. Why take the risk when everything can be fixed with the help of a dentist.

Premature tooth loss

One of the options for deviating from what time a bite change should be carried out is earlier tooth loss. If the milk tooth fell out ahead of time, but a new one is already appearing in its place, then you should not worry. Most likely, this is due to genetic inheritance.

Otherwise, you need to contact your dentist. Premature prolapse is fraught with overgrowth of the hole, as a result of which there will be no place for a permanent dental unit. To solve this kind of problem can special dental devices - holders of a place for molars.

The main reasons that can provoke given deviation from the scheme are:

• malocclusion;
• gum tumor;
• untimely removal of a milk tooth;
• significant pressure from neighboring teeth.

The consequence of early loss of temporary molars can be:

• speech problems;
• violation of the shape of the face;
• peculiar mimic deviations.

Delayed change of teeth

There is also the opposite situation, when the molars are already climbing, although the period of milk teeth has not yet ended and they do not fall out. You can try to remove them yourself at home or resort to the help of a dentist.

Such a problem in delaying the change of teeth can also arise due to the fact that the molars continue to be not yet fully formed. This is caused by:

• abnormal growth of a permanent dental unit;
• congenital pathology of development - adentia;
• delayed physiological development.

Among other reasons for the delay in changing the bite, it should be noted:

• hereditary factor;
• rickets;
• infectious diseases;
• general weakness;
• lack of formed primordia permanent teeth or their deep location.

shark teeth

It happens that the process of eruption of permanent teeth proceeds much faster than milk molars fall out. It often affects one or more teeth, but it can affect the entire dentition. As a result, two parallel rows of teeth are present in the oral cavity. This phenomenon is called shark teeth.

Shark teeth are not a major problem. Over time, all milk teeth - and fangs and chewing and molars - will fall out, and permanent crowns will take their proper position. It usually takes about 3 months. If the process is delayed, you need to contact a dentist who will correct the situation with braces or mouthguards.

Unpleasant symptoms

In most cases, the process of changing teeth does not cause any special pain or other unpleasant manifestations, but sometimes there are exceptions to the rules. This is especially true for the loss of molars and premolars. The gum is tightly attached to the tooth crown, therefore, as it loosens, it begins to come off, thereby causing pain.

In addition to pain, a change in bite is accompanied by:

• swelling of the gums;
• rise in temperature to 38 degrees.

In younger children this symptomatology more pronounced. After seven years, the symptoms are more smoothed and are extremely rare. In general, deviations from the norm, accompanying a change in bite, do not wear pathological character and are easily corrected by the dentist.

Oral care during the period of change of bite

main role when changing bite plays quality care behind the oral cavity during this period. It has some nuances compared to the usual hygiene.

At the age of three, the child already has all 20 milk teeth in his mouth. Some of the kids can boast of such an achievement at 2 years old, someone at 2.5, but very rarely the process of teething drags on longer than the indicated age. After all the milk teeth have come out, a calm period begins - painful, and often it happens just like that, teething is over.

But by the age of five, five and a half, it begins new period: milk teeth are loosened to give way to permanent, so-called indigenous. And there are more of them than milk ones - plus two pairs of chewing dental units grow in the child's mouth, in total 28 teeth, already permanent, will appear by the age of 12-13.

And those “wisdom teeth” will erupt later. Although far from all people they grow: the last four can forever remain as the rudiments of dental units in the gums.

When to expect a change of teeth in a child

The teeth begin to change at the age of 5-6, it is at this age that the first molars erupt. From the age of five, the roots of the front incisors begin to dissolve in the baby, and then, a little later, the roots of the lateral incisors. And somewhere in 6-7 years, the first molars change. These changes take two years.

Table. Scheme of changing milk teeth

It turns out that the change of teeth lasts a long time, several years. And not everyone does this strictly according to the norm. Most children under the age of 13 have had all their milk teeth replaced, and only then do wisdom teeth begin (or do not begin) to grow. But it may happen that 28 permanent teeth will appear in a child only by the age of 16-17.

Why does a person change teeth at all

Any age-related changes logical, have a strict explanation. Nature and evolution wisely provide physiological factors requiring changes in the body. A person is born without teeth at all - he does not need them, since for the first months of his life he eats only liquid food, mother's milk. But already before birth, teeth begin to form in the jaw of the fetus.

The first milk teeth appear in an infant at the age of six months (maybe a little earlier or a little later): at this time he is ready to chew already solid food. Chewing teeth grow by 2-2.5 years, by 3 years the baby has all the milk teeth in the mouth.

But as a person grows older, the size of his jaw grows. In childhood, only 20 teeth fit in it, and by the age of 15, for example, a child needs 28-32 teeth to fully chew food. It is also worth understanding that the grown milk dental units do not increase in size, the distance between them simply increases.

How do the roots of children's teeth dissolve?

When the period of change of milk teeth to permanent ones comes, the first ones partially begin to dissolve. An important process starts from the top of the root, and then moves on to other parts of the dental unit. The densest part of the baby tooth, called the crown, is simply forced out by the permanent tooth growing right under it, and falls out on its own.

Features of the dental change process:

• at three years and later, small gaps appear between the baby's milk teeth, they are called diastemas, and three are formed between the canines and the first molars;
• the gaps may differ in size, they grow with age, and reach their limit by the time the milk teeth fall out;
• the reason for the formation of gaps is directly the growth of the child's jaw, therefore these gaps ensure the normal development of the jaws;
• if there are no gaps, this is a violation of the development and growth of the jaws.

Are gaps between teeth normal in children?

Permanent teeth, meanwhile, are hidden in special connecting capsules. During the eruption period, they move directly under the roots of the first, milk teeth. All this can be seen on orthopantograms (the so-called panoramic shots) children 7-11 years old.

Do milk teeth need to be removed?

Dentists resort to the extraction of milk teeth in a very rare cases. Even severe caries damage is not an indication for removal. A milk tooth performs a number of functions, therefore it must perform its work in full, up to the moment of change to a permanent one.

However, if a damaged baby tooth is associated severe inflammation the tooth will have to be removed. Sometimes extraction (removal) of a child's milk tooth is required if it inhibits the growth of a permanent one. Or is it constant dental unit has already erupted, and the dairy will not fall out in any way - then it has to be removed.

If the milk tooth is removed ahead of time, the free space will be occupied by neighboring dental units. It turns out that the milk tooth saves space for the permanent tooth, that is, it is responsible for the norms of formation and growth of already permanent teeth. And if, for one reason or another, a milk tooth is removed, problems with the eruption of a permanent one are not ruled out.

A prematurely lost milk tooth is a unit that was removed more than a year before eruption constant unit. This is fraught not only malocclusion. Missing teeth negatively affect the natural development of the jaw, and this is already a threat of deformation of the entire dentition. Therefore, doctors advise keeping milk teeth permanent until they are replaced.

If the milk teeth are lost due to trauma, there is a children's prosthesis. it necessary measure: it is important that the entire dentition does not move, and the subsequent eruption of permanent teeth is physiological and absolutely normal.

Causes of misalignment of permanent teeth

Sometimes you can notice that the growing permanent incisors are not very nicely located. This is explained by the fact that during their growth, the teeth simply lacked space. That is, there were no special, anatomically necessary gaps between the predecessors of these teeth.

But the reason for the growth of crooked teeth may lie not only in this. Bad habits of the child will also affect the aesthetics of the smile. This is a pencil in the mouth, and biting nails, and the habit of biting inner surface cheeks.

Do not take any corrective action on your own. Only the intervention of a specialist can correct the situation. As soon as a defect is found, take the child to the dentist.

Tips for parents: what to do so that the change of teeth of the child is healthy and successful

There is nothing more important than oral hygiene, which the baby should be familiar with from early childhood. Of course, the list of mandatory dental care includes the formation of a healthy eating behavior. If parents doubt the choice of paste and brush for the baby, then you can find answers to all questions at a consultation with a dentist.

Tips for parents:

• in the years of changing teeth children's menu must include foods with vitamin D and, of course, calcium;

  

• when the teeth change, the child should eat enough solid food - and these are carrots, radishes, apples, it is very important that the teeth are strengthened and cleaned by the most naturally too;

  

• do not be afraid to see the gaps between the teeth of a five-six-year-old baby - the jaw is growing, and these gaps are necessary for healthy growth permanent teeth;

  

  The gap between the teeth in a child is not a reason to panic

• do not let the carious lesion become the enemy of the child's teeth - reconsider your attitude to sweets, control the process of brushing your teeth, examine your child's teeth regularly (caries is easy to deal with at an early stage);

  

• if the tooth is very loose, it interferes with the child, then you can pull it out at home - you need to clasp the tooth with a fragment of sterile gauze, then shake it in different directions, pull it up and down a little (but if it doesn’t help, consult a doctor);

  

• do not forget about the averageness of all norms - small deviations from the timing of the change of teeth do not mean that something is wrong with your child;
• timely detect the curvature of permanent teeth during growth, immediately contact a pediatric orthodontist.

  

Do not rush nature - a tooth can stagger for a long time before falling out and giving way to a permanent one. If the child does not interfere in any way, then nothing needs to be done. Do not look for defects where they simply do not exist: the first two teeth that have changed may seem crooked to parents. But this is an erroneous view, until the neighboring ones change, it is premature to talk about curvature. True, strong defects are noticeable, they require urgent intervention by a specialist.

What is fissure sealing

It is impossible not to mention such a popular modern dental service like fissure sealants. It concerns precisely the change of teeth, and they make it for permanent chewing teeth that have changed, and for milk teeth too.

A fissure is a cut in chewing surface root tooth. The cut is deep or not very dissecting the enamel of the dental unit. Fissure is translated from Latin - a gap. But such a gap is dangerous because it can anticipate caries. The slit-like shape of the recess contributes to the accumulation of food debris in it, which then rot, become the bait of pathogenic bacteria.

It is impossible to completely level the surface of the chewing tooth - this contradicts the very anatomy of the unit. But it is possible to fill such a “ravine” in the tooth only partially with a substance that will prevent caries from hitting the tooth.

Only healthy fissures are sealed, if caries has already appeared, then first you need to clean the tooth to healthy tissues. It is desirable to seal milk chewing teeth.

How is the sealing of milk teeth

1. The surface of the tooth is first cleaned of plaque, then dried and freed from saliva.
2. The fissures themselves are treated with a special solution of phosphoric acid.
3. After washing the recesses with distilled water, they are filled with liquid sealant.
4. With the help of a special light curing lamp, the sealant material is cured.
5. Then the excess sealant is removed, the "sealed" tooth is polished.

This procedure is completely painless, it takes at least 5, maximum 45 minutes. In this way, the treated tooth is protected from carious lesion for 5-10 years. It turns out that children's teeth will be under reliable protection before changing to permanent. Permanent dental units can also be sealed in this way. This method is harmless, modern, highly effective.

Dental health is a huge contribution to the health of the body as a whole. Children's teeth are the responsibility of parents. It is important not only to teach a child to care for teeth, to form a culture of nutrition, a negative attitude towards bad habits. It is also necessary to give an idea of timely handling to the doctor, a child from an early age should adequately relate to visiting the dentist. And it depends on the frequency of trips to the doctor.

If every six months a child visits a dentist (preferably has his own permanent doctor), his fear of the dental office will disappear. And he will continue to come to the doctor in the future with any problem or without it at all, just for prevention. Then all pathologies, diseases will be detected as early as possible, and, therefore, corrected and cured quickly and easily.

The process of replacing milk teeth with permanent teeth good reason visit the dentist more often. Parents themselves will be calmer if so important process will be under the supervision of a specialist.

good decisions and healthy teeth you and your children!

Video - Change of milk teeth in children

Baby teeth are the first to grow. Genetically it is so laid down that with age there comes a moment when milk teeth fall out and are replaced by molars. For a child, such a phenomenon occurs completely painlessly and only indicates a new stage of development.

But often in children and their parents, this event causes fear due to the unknown. The task of parents is to support the child in every possible way, explaining the situation in an accessible way, sorting out incomprehensible moments in advance.

It is impossible to predict the beginning of the moment when milk teeth are replaced by permanent ones - this process is very individual. It depends on the rate of development of the organism and genetic predisposition. But there is a certain time frame when temporary teeth begin to fall out and molars begin to grow. There is also a sequence laid down by nature - non-compliance with these standards can be considered as a variant of pathology.

AT certain time The milk tooth first begins to stagger, then falls out and a root is formed in its place. When you get enough vitamins and minerals, this process occurs faster.

Until the age of 5, the interdental space in a child gradually expands - this is how the jaw apparatus prepares for changes. The lack of expansion is a significant reason to contact a specialist. Otherwise, there is a risk of deformation of the dentition.

Loss of milk teeth is associated with structural features of the alveolar network. The rudiments of the indigenous develop along with the dairy, but over time they are separated by bone tissue. At the moment of germination of permanent teeth, the physiological dissolution of the root system of milk teeth starts. When the process extends to the neck of the tooth, loss occurs.

What time do milk teeth fall out

During the change of teeth in the body, two parallel processes are observed: the loss of temporary teeth and the eruption of permanent ones. Their shift usually takes place in the same order in which they grew up. Wisdom teeth (third molars) may appear much later or not appear at all. They do not affect the chewing of food.

At what age do the first teeth fall out and by what age should the process be completed? The first changes take place during active growth child. Here's how they change in a child:

• at 5-6 years old, the lower and upper incisors will begin to change;
• 6–8 years - the period of loss of lateral incisors;
• 8–10 years - first premolars;
• 9–11 years - fangs;
• at 11–13 years old, the second molars change.

The diagram shows at what age teeth change in children

With a significant deviation from these terms, you should seek the advice of a dentist. This is necessary to exclude possible pathologies. Usually the entire dentition changes before the age of 14.

There are some factors that affect how old teeth fall out. These include:

• maternal toxicosis early dates pregnancy;
• short breastfeeding;
• transferred infectious diseases at an early age;
• baby's genotype.

There is also an earlier loss, it can be triggered by the following factors:

• abnormal bite structure;
• untimely extraction of teeth according to indications;
• traumatism;
• oncological neoplasm;
• pressure from adjacent teeth.

These adverse factors violate normal structure jaws, provoke the appearance of speech defects, unnatural facial expressions and distortion of the shape of the face. In many children, delayed prolapse is associated with past or untreated rickets, latent infection. Not the last role is played by burdened heredity.

Larisa Kopylova

Dentist-therapist

According to many dentists, a late shift has a positive effect on the condition of the teeth, making them more resistant to caries. But if the shift has not begun by the age of 8, you must definitely visit a doctor, since the baby may not have any tooth germs at all. Normally, the timing of the first eruption ranges from 4 to 7 years.

The first rudiments of molars appear already at 5 months intrauterine development. But not all teeth in the body are replaced. Some of them only grow once. Because of this, all teeth are divided into 2 categories:

• additional - molars that do not have predecessors;
• replacing - fangs, incisors, premolars.

Drop sequence

Replacing lost teeth is a rather difficult process. It consists of three stages:

1. When milk falls out, teething from the 1st to the 6th is noted, the central incisors are replaced.
2. Slowdown of all processes, rest of the body.
3. Formation and intensive growth of premolars and molars.

For correct formation bite eruption should take place strictly in a certain order. The correct sequence of root growth:

• the appearance of "sixes";
• replacement of central milk incisors with permanent ones;
• lateral lateral incisors soon appear;
• crawling out of permanent first molars (“fours”);
• fangs;
• change of second premolars to permanent "fives";
• "sevens" at 11-13 years old;
• after 16 years, "eights" erupt.

Teeth grow for more than one year, the intensity and speed of their appearance is not the same. So, the most active growth was noted in the central incisors, a little less - in the canines. The molars erupt the slowest.

In the video, the orthodontist talks about the stages of replacing milk teeth with molars:

Early change of teeth

Each tooth that has just erupted cannot be called fully formed. For his full development much more time is required. Babies during intensive growth need a full-fledged balanced diet. Special attention need to pay attention to the concentration of calcium and minerals in the products.

Too early a change is highly undesirable. Pediatric dentists say it threatens serious complications in future. Bone Without a milk tooth, it quickly deforms. When severe deformity develops, the chances of crooked and misaligned permanent teeth increase. The milk sockets begin to overgrow and the permanent teeth do not find their correct location, as a result of which they grow crookedly.

For the same reason, children's specialists do not recommend removing milk teeth, and do similar procedure only under strict guidelines. Usually it is complete destruction and the inability to save the tooth.

Larisa Kopylova

Dentist-therapist

It is important to remember that if caries has affected the milk teeth of a child, this is not an indication for removal! Experts recommend a treatment that can stop or significantly slow down the process.

If the teeth fall out prematurely, it is important to seek the advice of an orthodontist. There are many modern ways corrections.

A special dental tool - a place holder - is very popular.

Larisa Kopylova

Dentist-therapist

If a new tooth immediately appears in place of a fallen tooth, this is a variant of the norm and you should not worry. It's all about specific heredity.

The video simulated the process of early replacement and a way to save the bottom row from deformation:

Drop delay

As a rule, children's teeth begin to change before the age of 8. But there are situations when the roots are already erupting, and the milk ones are still sitting in place. If, when the tooth is pressed and loosened, the parent feels that he is giving in, you just need to wait a little. But if the milk sits firmly, contact your dentist for advice, you may need surgical removal.

It also happens that dairy ones do not fall out due to improper formation of indigenous ones. The reasons for this condition are very diverse:

• improper development and growth of the root;
• adentia (destruction of tooth germs in the womb);
• physiological delay in the development of the baby.

To determine the etiology of the condition, always prescribe additional examination. Many causes can be identified by X-ray. Used to combat a variety of pathologies modern techniques therapy, one of which is temporary or permanent prosthetics.

Fight against curvature

Uneven eruption does not look aesthetically pleasing. Therefore, parents usually quickly pay attention to this. If a child erupts crooked molars, it is necessary to determine the cause of the pathology. Often the etiology is associated with the following factors:

• obstructed by dairy, the only solution is to remove them;
• constant sucking of foreign objects or fingers;
• premature loss of a tooth and overgrowth of the hole.

At the first sign of deformity, it is important to immediately contact the orthodontist. The sooner the correction begins, the greater the chances of full recovery evenness of teeth.

What to do if a child has a tooth

The pattern of adult behavior is quite simple. The baby needs to be reassured if he is frightened. Pain is usually absent, but there is slight bleeding, which frightens the baby. The first thing to do is stop the bleeding. To do this, a tampon is made from sterile cotton wool or a bandage and applied to the gum. The bleeding will stop within 5-10 minutes. It is better not to let the child eat and drink for 2-3 hours. You can rinse your mouth with a solution of salt, soda and iodine.

Hole after milk loss.

Larisa Kopylova

Dentist-therapist

Parents should prepare their child for this event. The child should know that he is growing up, and not be afraid of the situation. You can associate this with a funny ritual, receiving a surprise or sweets.

Changing teeth is completely painless and safe. But if the child has pain, itching, swelling of the gums, or hypersensitivity enamel - you need to consult a doctor.

All parents go through a period when their baby's teeth change. It can hardly be called the most pleasant for moms and dads. This is mainly due to feelings for your child.

However, most children endure their shift without any problems. Many are even waiting for this event, discussing with friends, they always know which and who has dropped out, how much milk is left. Often this is influenced by stories about a tooth mouse or a fairy who must bring something in exchange for a lost tooth.

Despite this, adults should know many nuances, in particular, the timing and order of falling out, as well as the basic rules of hygiene and oral care in this, of course, important time. In addition, sometimes the deadlines are violated, so you need to know about the causes of this phenomenon.

Why is this happening?

Naturally, The reason for the loss of milk teeth is simple - it is necessary to make room for permanent teeth. with which a person will live for the rest of the time. However, the question naturally arises why this change is needed at all and why those who are called permanent do not immediately grow.

To answer it, you need to know a little anatomy and physiology. The fact is that by the time when the baby does not have enough milk alone and he begins to eat more solid food (and this happens quite early - from about six months to 9 months), the jaw is still very small. Gradually, it begins to grow, interdental spaces increase.

Under dairy, the rudiments of permanent ones begin to gradually form. When they become active and begin to grow, the roots of milk teeth dissolve and they gradually fall out.

Useful information

Before talking about the timing and order of loss, you need to talk a little about the milk teeth themselves. Since they have quite a few features, including when they fall out.

• A complete set of them in a baby is 20 pieces - 5 on each side on both jaws.
• Their names are as follows, starting from the center - the central and lateral incisor, canine, first and second molars. The order is the same for both the upper and lower jaws.
• Despite the fact that constants are often called indigenous, this is not entirely true. After all, dairy plants have roots in the same way. Only they are shorter.
• There are differences not only in the roots, but also in general in the structure. The temporary ones are shorter, bluish white instead of yellowish like the permanent ones, and have enamel that is almost twice as thin.
• Under them, from the very birth, the rudiments of permanent teeth begin to develop. When the time comes, they begin to grow slowly, which leads to the gradual resorption of the roots.
• The smaller the root becomes, the more the crown begins to loosen, since there is simply nothing to hold it with.

• One of essential functions temporary teeth, except, of course, straight, is signal. That is, they indicate to the constants in which place they should grow.
• If, due to caries or trauma, one of them had to be removed much ahead of time, then the permanent one may not cut through correctly. It is also associated with root resorption. It is in this empty gap that a new one will begin to erupt.

Scheme

If parents remember in what order the first teeth were cut, then it will not be a problem for them to determine the order in which they fell out. They are about the same. But in order to clearly imagine this, you need to talk in more detail about each of them in relation to the others.

The process of loss, as well as growth, occurs symmetrically. That is, at about the same time, identical teeth begin to loosen on both sides of the jaw. It should also be noted that sometimes the child may not experience loosening.

Then the fallout will still be in right order, but it will be sudden both for the child and for the parents.

Approximate scheme

To begin with, we will answer not the question “when”, but “in what order”:

• The process in most cases starts from the bottom. After that, it is repeated on the upper jaw.

1. Mandible - central incisors.
2. Upper - central incisors.
3. Then the lower lateral incisors.
4. The upper incisors are lateral.

• After the incisors fall out, the order of "liberation" of the jaws changes.

1. Upper small (or first) molars.
2. First molars from below.
3. Upper fangs.
4. Fangs from below.

• The last stage occurs in the same way as the first - from the bottom up.

1. Large (or second) lower molars.
2. Upper large molars.

The process of changing

Sometimes moms and dads are interested in whether all the first teeth will change. It is difficult to answer it unambiguously. The answer will depend only on how you approach the problem.

First of all, it's a matter of wording. After all, the “firsts” are not always “dairy”. If you answer the question, will all dairy products fall out, then the answer is yes. All twenty. However, there is another aspect that is almost never taken into account by worried parents.

Among mothers, fathers, grandparents, there is an almost universally widespread opinion that the change of teeth begins with loosening and loss of milk teeth. However, this is not entirely true. The fact is that by the age of four or five, the jaw grows quite strongly. Therefore, there is enough space on it for the growth of additional ones.

The number of permanent teeth is 32 pieces. Among them there are 4 wisdom teeth or third molars. If you do not count them, there are 28. Divide the "extra" eight by 4 (jaws and sides), we get 2 additional in each of their jaw quarters. They are called premolars, and they are not part of the dairy. Exactly with the growth of a pair of premolars and the replacement process begins.

Timing

Speaking of timing, it should be noted that can only give an approximate time. This happens because all the processes of development and growth in children depend on individual characteristics organism. So, what time do milk teeth fall out?

The average age when the first milk teeth begin to loosen is about 5-6 years. However, even if the process begins at 4 years old or at 8 years old, you should not panic. After all, there can be quite a few reasons for accelerating this or, conversely, delaying it.

However, if at the age of four the baby came to you and said that his teeth were loose, it is better to take the time and go to an appointment with pediatric dentist. After all, the child could hit and damage the root or caries began, which can also cause the loss of milk teeth.

These factors must be excluded. After all, too early loss of temporary teeth unnatural reasons can cause the constants to lose their original “landmark” and grow crookedly.

By the age of about 12-13 years, everything ends. In relation to the timing of the end of the process, you can apply the same rule as for the start. One or two years doesn't really matter.

Reasons for changing dates

If the delay is too long, then you can add not so harmless factors. For example, it can be various endocrine abnormalities and developmental disorders that have not been noticed by doctors before.

In addition, rickets or chronic infectious disease almost unrevealed.

Front change

As can be seen from exemplary scheme located above, it is the front temporary teeth that begin to stagger and fall out first. These include 8 pieces, four on each jaw.

These are, first of all, the central incisors, which will first fall out from below, and then from above. Age (again approximate) - 6-7 years. But they begin to gradually loosen on average after the fifth year of life, and this process lasts about two years. That is four central teeth should fall out in a year.

Next in line are the lateral incisors. As in the case of the central ones, the lower ones go first, then the upper ones. This happens at 7-8 years old. About 6 years old, the roots begin to dissolve, which leads to their loosening for up to 2 years.

Indigenous change

All the remaining 12 milk teeth can be conditionally called molars. They begin to change immediately after the front ones.

• After the seventh year, they begin to stagger, and then by the age of eight or ten, the first molars fall out from above. They are located immediately behind the fangs.
• Then comes the turn of the lower first molars. This happens almost simultaneously with the top. Loosening here is longer - for about 3 years.
• Change after a year upper fangs at the age of nine or eleven.
• They are followed by the lower fangs in the same period. As in the case of molars, canines become loose at about three years old, and this process begins after eight.
• The second lower molars follow the loss of fangs - at 11-13 years.
• The last teeth to fall out are usually the upper teeth, the second molars. It will also be around 11 or 13 years old.

What do we have to do?

When a milk tooth falls out, there is no need to worry too much. However, you need to know a few rules that are intended for both the children themselves and adults.

• Refrain from eating for 2-3 hours.
• Remove too aggressive dishes and foods from the child’s diet - sour, spicy, salty.
• If the wound bleeds, close it with a small cotton swab for a few minutes.
• You can not constantly touch the wound with your tongue and even more so with your hands. Thus, you can accidentally bring the infection.
• If there is pain or itching, then you can use special gels, but it is better to consult a dentist.

The average is considered when the last milk tooth falls out by the age of fourteen. Therefore, the whole process of changing temporary to permanent ones can take about 10 years.

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The loss of milk teeth is an important period in the life of a child, because it is at this time that his permanent teeth grow, that is, those with which he will have to live his whole life. For this reason, parents are interested in the question: do all milk teeth change in babies and what do you need to know about this process?

Eruption and loss of milk teeth

The formation of the rudiments of milk teeth occurs even during the period of bearing a baby, approximately at the fifth month of pregnancy. They begin to erupt at the age of 4-6 months (later for some children), and by the age of three, babies already have a full set of teeth - 20 pieces. In their structure, milk teeth differ from permanent ones - their roots are slightly wider, since under them are the rudiments of permanent roots.

It is also quite difficult to name the exact time when it is - usually the process begins at 6-7 years and lasts for 6-9 years. There are a number of factors that affect this process, including:

• genetic predisposition;
• food and water quality;
• the state of the immune system;
• nature of the transferred diseases;
• region of residence.

So, in healthy children who live in regions with high quality drinking water, permanent teeth grow faster, the process of changing is much easier. In general, fourteen-year-olds have all permanent teeth, but the chewing apparatus is considered to be fully formed only by the age of 20. It should be noted that these dates are very average - a deviation from the deadlines of 1-2 years is considered the norm.

Order of changing teeth

The change of milk teeth to permanent ones takes place in approximately the same order as eruption, but even here deviations are possible, which are considered a variant of the norm. Usually, the lower incisors fall out first in the child, after which the turn of the upper incisors comes. Over the next few years, the baby loses the lower incisors growing on the sides of the jaw, then the upper ones. Starting from the age of seven, there is a prolapse of the upper and lower molars, then in the same order comes the turn of the canines, and the last large molars fall out. In some children, the canines and large molars change places, that is, the canines fall out last.

Table. Approximate age loss of milk teeth.

There is an opinion that absolutely all milk teeth in babies fall out and change, but in fact this is not entirely true. The structure of the children's jaw differs from the structure of the adult - if babies have only 20 teeth, then an adult has 32. The first permanent teeth that appear in a child are molars, or sixes. They erupt after the age of four behind the second milk molars and simply stand in line with the milk teeth.

The so-called baby teeth that should fall out are the lateral incisors, two pairs of molars, a pair of premolars, and canines. In addition, the child will grow 4 more additional teeth (second molars - sevens), that is, at the end of the process of loss, there will be 28 of them. lower teeth, as a rule, grow faster than the upper ones - an exception may be premolars. Eights - or wisdom teeth - grow already in adulthood, and in some people they remain in their infancy.

As in the case of milk teeth, the sequence and timing of the appearance of permanent teeth are individual and depend on a number of factors. But there is also one important nuance- too much fast loss milk teeth can cause the permanent ones to grow crooked, as a result of which the child's bite will deteriorate.

Table. Approximate age at which permanent teeth appear.

How is the process of changing teeth?

The process of changing teeth human body It is laid down at the genetic level - twenty teeth are enough for high-quality chewing of food for young children. After the age of five, a period of active growth begins, the jaw increases, gaps appear between the milk teeth, which are subsequently filled with permanent teeth.

Unlike teething, the process of changing milk to permanent teeth does not cause discomfort to the child. The roots simply dissolve, after which the teeth fall out under the pressure of the “brothers” growing from below. A feature of newly grown permanent teeth is that they have an incompletely formed root - it takes about three years.

Despite the fact that in most cases the process does not require outside intervention, parents should keep it under strict control. Once a week, it is necessary to examine the child's oral cavity - from about the age of five, the baby's teeth seem to be thinning, and subsequently begin to stagger. Having noticed this phenomenon, you can begin to loosen your teeth a little so that they come out of the gums more easily.

1. If a loose tooth gets in the way, you can pull it out yourself. To do this, wrap it with a piece of sterile gauze, gently swing it to the sides and pull it up. You should not make too much effort, otherwise you can inflict on the baby serious injury. If the tooth does not give in, it is better to leave it alone for a while or consult a dentist.
   

   

2. Sometimes milk teeth sit firmly in the gum and interfere with the growth of permanent ones - in this case It is recommended to visit a doctor who will remove the tooth. If this is not done in a timely manner, the permanent tooth may grow incorrectly or “knock out” of the general row, due to which the bite will deteriorate in the child.
3. Many parents are faced with such a phenomenon as caries of milk teeth. The decision to treat the disease should be made exclusively by a specialist (sometimes such a procedure is simply not advisable). It must be remembered that after filling milk teeth, their roots dissolve much more slowly.

   

4. If after a tooth falls out of the wound there is blood, you should clamp the wound with a clean piece of bandage or cotton wool, and hold for several minutes. For two hours after the loss, it is better to exclude food, especially cold, hot, sour and salty foods.
5. You can rinse your mouth after a tooth falls out, but not too actively - in the hole left in the place of the tooth, a blood clot which protects it from the ingress of microbes.
6. If the change of teeth causes discomfort to the child, you can buy a special toothpaste which relieves discomfort.

   

7. During the period of changing teeth, it is important to pay attention to caries and other dental diseases. If the milk tooth is affected carious process, there is a risk that his constant "brother" will also be sick. In addition, the child's nutrition at this time should be balanced, and contain enough vitamins and minerals, especially vitamin D and calcium. It is better to limit the amount of sugar and sweets so as not to create an environment favorable for the reproduction of bacteria. To cleanse and strengthen the teeth, you can give your child hard fruits and vegetables, such as apples or carrots.
8. To protect a child's permanent teeth from negative impact, you should contact your dentist, who will carry out fluoridation of the teeth or sealing of fissures (protection of areas that are in hard-to-reach places).
9. Even if the process of changing teeth is easy and without discomfort, the child should visit a doctor at least once every six months - this will help to identify caries on early stages and prevent its occurrence.



If a permanent tooth has not appeared in place of the milk tooth within 3-4 months, parents should consult a dentist. The reason for this may be a rare pathology called adentia - the absence of rudiments of teeth. If the examination indicates this diagnosis, prosthetics will need to be performed to maintain a beautiful bite and shape of the face.



Oral care when changing teeth

During the period of change of milk teeth to permanent care per oral cavity plays a special role because soft tissues wounds are formed where the infection can get. To avoid infection of the gums and inflammatory process, the child should rinse his mouth after each meal. For these purposes, you can buy special solutions at the pharmacy (for example,) or prepare a decoction of chamomile, sage, oak bark.



To care for your teeth, you should use not only a brush and paste, but also dental floss, brush for teeth and other dental appliances. At proper care behind the oral cavity, the change of milk teeth will be absolutely painless, and permanent teeth will not become a source of problems for parents and the child.

Video - Stages of changing milk teeth to permanent ones