What is the largest human organ. largest human organ

The 21st century in world science can rightfully be considered the century of tissue engineering and synthetic biology. A huge breakthrough in the field of stem cell research, the invention of all kinds of biomarkers to track hidden processes in the body, work to recreate the finest structure of cells and tissues, huge achievements in the field of transplantology.

The first attempts to preserve samples of living human skin outside the body were made as early as the 19th century. In a nutrient fluid based on salts, blood plasma and glucose, a piece of human skin could remain alive for some time, and then take root well in its original place. The difficulty was in obtaining a sufficiently large skin sample (in case of severe loss of skin), as well as in transplanting skin from one patient to another, since in this case an immune rejection reaction of a foreign object inevitably followed.

solve this difficult task scientists succeeded only in our time: synthetic skin samples (artificial epithelium) are successfully used in burn medicine (combustiology), becoming a real salvation for huge amount patients.

In April 2016, Japanese biomedical scientists managed to grow a sample of artificial skin that has functioning glands and even grows hair. But, alas, the synthetic leather grown in vitro, although it could repeat the structure of the skin of an experimental animal to the smallest detail, it was still not identical in properties to a human one.

Russian scientists (Novosibirsk), in November 2016, announced that they had mastered a technology that allows a patient to receive samples of his own living skin for transplantation, grown in a test tube based on his native cells. The exact timing of the launch of this technology "in wide production" is not yet known - there is still a large number research work, although doctors already have experience in implanting human skin grown in a test tube and is considered successful.

So why, with all the revolutionary discoveries and breakthroughs in science that began to occur all over the world since the 19th century, with all the technological capabilities, scientists are only now beginning to find an “approach” to the skin? Is living human skin really such a complex mechanism?

human skin

The biggest and multifunctional body in the human body essential element immune system. She never sleeps, never ceases to die and be reborn, she always stands guard over our body. The skin analyzes thousands of incoming signals, constantly evaporating, absorbing, heating, cooling, moisturizing and “resetting” something. Depending on the impact, the skin can bristle, blush, sweat, flake, can become hard, thick, oily and rough - all of these are its ways to protect our body from all the dangers that it is exposed to.

With the help of receptors in the skin, we have the ability to feel the world. We wear leather all our lives, it is our "protective suit" that grows with us.

In adulthood, the skin occupies an area of 2 m 2, yielding in area only to the lungs, and reaches several kilograms in weight.

The skin is not only the most big organ man, but also the heaviest. We can hypothetically weigh our natural costume by applying a simple formula: divide your weight by 16 - this is the approximate weight of your skin.

The thinnest skin on our eyelids is about 0.2 mm, the thickest is on the feet, its thickness is about 1.5 mm. The fabric of the skin is more complex than you might imagine.

Why does skin weigh so much?

One square centimeter of skin can consist of millions of cells, 600 sweat, 90 fatty (sebaceous) glands, 19,000 receptors and several meters of the thinnest vessels (they are also called "capillary miles").

main blow external influences takes over upper layer skin, or epidermis . It is believed that this is a "dead" layer of the skin - it first of all "goes to waste", is often updated and exfoliated, protecting the deeper layers. The epidermis also contains, which is responsible for skin color and tanning effect.

Ninety percent of the weight and thickness of the skin is dermis - the middle of the three layers, which is a connective tissue penetrated by collagen fibers, capillaries, nerve endings and other types of cells.

The most deep, subcutaneous layer is called hypodermis and consists of collagen and fat cells. Located in the hypodermis blood vessels, nerve fibers, hair follicles and fat cells. The hypodermis serves for additional protection of internal organs and is responsible for the mechanism of thermoregulation. It is in adipose tissue that our body “stores” nutrients.

Women's skin is one-third thinner than men's. The thinner the skin, the earlier wrinkles and signs of aging appear on it.

The vascular system of the skin distills 1.6 liters of blood, which is one third of all blood circulating in the body.

Each area of our skin has different elasticity and strength, for example, the skin on the knees differs in elastic properties from the skin on the stomach.

Hair, nails, sweat and sebaceous glands are considered appendages of the skin.

Why do we need skin

The main "professional duties" of the skin include: protective, thermoregulatory, metabolic, receptor, secretory functions participation in water-salt metabolism.

The skin protects our internal organs from physical damage, dirt, microbes, the action of chemical and mechanical factors, covers the body from the ultraviolet rays of the sun, loss of excess water.

Due to the evaporation of sweat and heat radiation, the skin is responsible for maintaining the optimal body temperature necessary for the functioning of the organs. By the way, normal temperature our body is 37-38 o C inside and 36.6 o C - outside.

The secretory function of the skin is responsible for water-salt exchange, as well as excretion through sweat of metabolic products, waste, "unnecessary" substances for the body.

The skin can perform endocrine function. The deep layers of the skin are responsible for the accumulation of certain hormones, as well as the synthesis and accumulation of vitamin D.

The skin has bactericidal and sterilizing properties. The bactericidal activity of the skin in different parts of it is different: it is greatest on the skin of the fingers, on the back and forearm is much smaller.

One of the most important functions of the skin is receptor. Due to the presence of a huge number nerve endings and receptors in the skin, we feel everything that happens to us: heat, cold, pain, pleasant sensations, tickling, texture and taste (there are about 2,000 taste buds on the skin of the tongue). At the very beginning of life tactile sensations play a huge role.

Our skin is also responsible for immunity, carrying out the capture, transport and processing of antigens that provide an immune response.

The skin protects us from fungi and other pathogenic "invasions" by producing about 20 g of fat every day, which, mixed with sweat, forms a protective lipid film. Due to lipids - our natural fats - outer layer skin stays hydrated and healthy. By the way, detergents and alcohol destroy lipids.

Quantity sebaceous glands varies in different parts of the body. For example, there are few of them on the back of the hands, and on the scalp, in the ears, on the chest and between the shoulder blades there are from 400 to 900 per 1 cm 2. Intensive work We can also observe the sebaceous glands in the so-called "T-zone" of the face (forehead-nose-chin).

Why is the skin this color?

The color and shade of our skin depends mainly on two factors: on the condition and location of the capillaries relative to its surface and the amount of brown pigment contained in it (mainly) - melanin.

Information about the amount of melanin in the skin is transmitted to us by inheritance. Even after getting a tan, our skin, renewing itself, returns to its previous color “prescribed” in DNA.

In men, the skin is on average 3-4% darker than in women. In this sense, men are a little closer to their ancestors than women: after all, initially humanity was dark-skinned. The dark color of the skin is considered the most resistant to the amount of ultraviolet radiation that the hot African sun "gave" our distant ancestors.

From the permeability of the epidermis and its ability to regenerate, the number of microbes and harmful pathogens that can penetrate the skin also depends. The bactericidal properties of the skin are different in different parts of it and depend on the intensity of metabolism, the content of acids in sweat and sebum, in particular, lactic acid, as well as our "natural" antibiotic lysozyme. How cleaner skin, the more lysozyme is formed in it. By the way, a large amount of this substance is contained in breast milk- hence the recommendations of doctors for the first time to keep children breastfed.

Fingerprints

Familiar to everyone from films of the detective genre, fingerprints are nothing more than our device for better adhesion of the skin on the fingers to surfaces. Each person has a unique pattern on the fingers. Moreover, the fingerprints of the left and right hand completely dissimilar. Therefore, fingerprints can be considered our unique "company logo".

Why does skin wrinkle from water?

In its own way chemical formula(H 2 O) water is a light solvent. And anyone who likes to lie in the bath longer can feel this effect: the skin on the fingers and toes swells and wrinkles. This means that the water managed to dissolve the lipid (extracellular fat) layer, and the water gained access to the skin cells. There is no danger that the water will “pass further”, since the lipid layer is far from the only one in the arsenal protective functions our skin.

Most moles are "programmed" genetically before we were born. On their body, there can be from a couple of dozen to several hundred. Moreover, it is believed that people who have a large number of moles are long-lived, they look much younger than their peers and suffer less from age-related diseases.

People with moles should remember that technically, a mole is a neoplasm on the skin that can behave in the most unexpected way, so they should be careful when they are in the open sun and.

Freckles

If we do not have people with a red (red) phenotype in our family, freckles may appear in us not from birth, but in adolescence, but by the age of thirty almost completely disappear. Freckles are yellowish, brown and even red.

In winter, freckles turn pale, and all because in winter we spend less time in the sun. Freckles most often appear in people with fair skin. People with freckles should use sunscreen and protect their skin from the sun more carefully.

What does our skin say?

If the eyes are the mirror of the soul, then the skin is the mirror of the body. Skin can say a lot about our health and even attitude towards ourselves. If we get sick, she turns pale, if we don’t get enough sleep, she “slips” from her face. If we have serious violations metabolism or a chronic disease - the skin will let you know.

There are some signs that speak of specific diseases. For example, skin in the folds of the neck may indicate diabetes; too dry or hydrated skin possible violation functions thyroid gland. The first symptom of many dangerous diseases can be a common rash.

Now scientists are increasingly saying that the condition of the skin also speaks of a person’s subconscious attitude towards himself. Skin problems can be caused by a psychological condition, for example. If a person has experienced severe stress, the skin can react with the development of psoriasis.

Short rays (UVB) are captured by the cells of the epidermis. They cause redness and sunburn, and can also become the main culprits of neoplasms and age spots on the skin. About 10% of short UV rays penetrate the dermis and destroy elastin fibers.

Incidentally, they are particularly susceptible to sunburn, therefore, it is better to wait a little with trips to hot countries in this position: more likely get burned, not to mention the fact that the sun has a bad effect on skin elasticity.

Smoking .Dryness, constant skin irritation, uneven tone, loss of elasticity - these are at least three reasons to quit smoking today. First of all tobacco smoke with the toxic substances contained in it “treats” the skin from the outside.

In addition, the process of collagen destruction “turns on” in the body of smokers, as a result of which the skin becomes flabby, wrinkles appear earlier and the complexion deteriorates.

It is known that smoking has a bad effect on blood vessels, disrupting their work. Especially it concerns small capillaries located in the skin - they lose their ability to pass blood in the same volume - hence pale color faces of smokers.

.We will not talk about the fact that during a tattoo session, if sterility conditions are not observed, you can get an infection - this is clear and so. The list of dangers does not end there. Very often, the composition of the ink can pose a danger, which may include: carcinogens (benzopyrene), cancer-causing leather, salt heavy metals(titanium, lead, cadmium, nickel), which tend to penetrate deeper into tissues, as well as paraphenylenediamine, which causes complex allergic reactions. In addition, tattooed skin does not like direct sunlight very much, having the ability to react to them in the most unpleasant way (itching, eczema, etc.).

. Epilation is now done by almost everyone. One way or another, but this is the most effective way to get rid of excess hair on the body. Just like a tattoo, epilation affects the deeper layers of the skin - the dermis. The purpose of epilation is the destruction of the hair follicle, which means that the skin elements communicating with it are also damaged, for example, if the intensity of the photoepilator's effect on the skin is incorrectly chosen, burns may remain after the procedure.

In addition, there are a number of contraindications for hair removal, such as sunburn, acute or chronic diseases skin, the presence of a large number of moles, influenza, SARS and other infections in acute stage, varicose veins veins, pregnancy, tendency to allergies, age before puberty

Chlorine, phosphates, surfactants (surfactants), emulsifiers, parabens and dioxins - all this not only dissolves fats and organic compounds, which form the basis of dirt in everyday life, but also our skin, therefore, in direct contact with household chemicals be sure to use protective cream and rubber gloves.

Ecology. dust, smog traffic fumes, hard water - all this affects the condition of the skin, settling on it, destroying the epidermis and clogging the pores. Alas, technical progress detrimental to our beauty. The skin of the face especially “suffers” when going outside, which we cannot protect from the outside, in fact, with nothing but a cream.

5 best friends of our skin

Most effective method restore skin tone and give it strength to fight against harmful factors from the inside is a responsible approach to your nutrition. The simplest and at the same time the best thing we can do for the skin is to add fruits and vegetables to our daily diet.

Here are a few of them that are the most friendly to our skin.

Kiwi . One kiwi contains almost the entire daily requirement of vitamin C. Freshly squeezed kiwi juice helps restore skin cells, strengthens capillaries, and most importantly - stimulates collagen synthesis. Collagen is also an indispensable element for the health of our bone and muscle systems.

Tomato juice . A glass of this juice a day - and you can forget about skin problems. The lycopene found in tomatoes protects the skin from harmful effects sunlight and adverse environmental factors. Lycopene is also believed to reduce the likelihood of developing cancer. Lycopene from tomatoes is better absorbed if in a glass tomato juice add some olive oil.

Pomegranate . The powerful antioxidants anthocyanins contained in pomegranate protect the skin from dryness, the appearance of premature wrinkles, and slow down the aging process of the skin. The high content of vitamin C in pomegranates contributes to the production of collagen in our body, which is necessary for skin elasticity.

Carrot . Vitamin A contained in carrots is useful not only for vision, but also for the beauty of the skin - it helps regulate the production of sebum and fat by our skin, helps prevent clogged pores and acne. Vitamin A also reduces the risk of skin cancer.

Grape . One of the most powerful antioxidants - proanthocyanidins, which grapes are rich in, prevent the destruction of collagen and elastin - two essential proteins for healthy and youthful skin. Grape juice Considered a champion in skin hydration and preservation. If you are scared high content sugar in grapes - you can replace the juice with oil from grape seeds, which can be applied either directly to the skin (cosmetic) or added to salads (it is usually sold in supermarkets and costs a little more than olive oil).

Quiz "Interesting Anatomy"

1. by the most tall man who ever lived on earth was the American Robert Pershing Wadlow. His height was two meters seventy-two centimeters. He was born in 1918 and died in 1940. Why did he die so early, having lived only twenty-two years? (Because of insufficient blood supply Robert's legs lost sensation. An unnoticed callus from brackets on knee joints lead to blood poisoning and death)

2. Where is the smallest joint in a human? (In the ear, where the small bones are connected - "stapes" and "anvil")

3. Name the most big muscles human body. (Of the six hundred and thirty nine muscles of the human body, the largest are the gluteal muscles)

4. Where is the smallest human muscle located? (In the ear. It provides the movement of the stirrup of the inner ear)

5. Name the most active muscle in the human body, which makes more than one hundred thousand movements a day. (Muscle of the eyeball)

6. Name the largest internal human organ. (Liver. It weighs from 1200 to 1500 grams and is 1/36 of the weight of the whole body)

7. Name the longest bone in the human body. (The femur. In a man, 180 centimeters tall, it can reach a length of fifty centimeters)

8. Name the most rare group human blood. (AB, or the fourth group. It occurs in only three percent of the British and one percent of the inhabitants of the United States)

9. Name the most common human blood type. (0, or first group)

10. Name the largest artery. (Aorta)

11. Where are the largest cells found in the human body? (AT bone marrow blood cell mega-karyocyte reaches 0.22 mm)

12. What organ contains the smallest cells? (Cells in the cerebellum are five microns in size.)

13. Cells human bones live from ten to thirty years. And the cells of which organ live throughout life? (Brain)

14. In which human organ does the fastest cell renewal occur? (Liners inner surface digestive tract cells are renewed in three to four days)

15. Name the strongest joint. (Hip)

16. Name the most mobile joint human body. (Shoulder. Therefore, it is the easiest to damage)

17. When is the highest particle exhalation rate (about one hundred and sixty-seven kilometers per hour)? (when sneezing)

18. What tissue are the walls of blood vessels made of? (From dense fibrous fabric)

19. What tissue is human skin made of? (From stratified epithelium)

20. What types of photoreceptors has science identified? (rods and cones)

21. What is a pulse? (This is the oscillation of the walls of blood vessels)

22. Where does the trachea end? (Bronchs)

23. What nutrients are already broken down in oral cavity? (Carbohydrates)

24. Where does the final digestion of food take place? (In the small intestine)

25. What human organ has vitreous body? (Eye)

26. From what, according to Hippocrates, the first human teeth are formed? (From mother's milk. That's why they are called dairy)

27. In old age, the Japanese poet Issa, the last Great master haiku wrote the following poem:

"As in the wind

Poppy petals sway

Front...»

Finish the poem. (Teeth)

28. AT stressful condition dangerous toxins are produced in the human body. How, most often not dependent on the human will, they are excreted from the body? (With tears)

29. Until recently, it was believed that the first realistic depiction of this organ of the human body was made in the sixteenth century by the Flemish anatomist Andrew Vesalius. However, archaeologists recently found in Mexico a clay vessel in the form of this organ, made about two and a half thousand years earlier. What is this organ? (human heart)

The human skin is known to be the largest organ of the body. In some people, it looks flawless and radiant, while others suffer from various rashes and skin diseases. Someone's body is covered with freckles, and someone has big ones. birthmarks. Human skin is like an indicator, by the state of which it is possible to determine the internal problems of the body. It is designed to protect the body from diseases and infections, but at the same time it is vulnerable and tender. What else is useful and surprising to know about the skin?

1. Skin is big and heavy

Some amphibians and spiders shed their old skin easily. But if a person had such an opportunity, then it would not be easy for him to do it. After all, the human skin, together with the hypodermis (deep layer of skin) occupies about 15-17% of body weight, with a total area of approximately 1.2-2.3 m². And the skin weighs an average of 3-4 kg.

Some people have very pale skin, while others, on the contrary, are swarthy. It depends on how much melanin a particular organism produces. It also determines the color of the eyes and hair. There are three shades of this hormone: black (eumelanin), yellow (pheomelanin) and brown (phacomelanin). All of them are produced mainly in the sun and protect tissues from harmful ultraviolet rays. Therefore, in residents of tropical and equatorial countries, the skin has more dark color. And representatives caucasian race have light skin, because their epidermis contains single granules of melanin. Some people confuse melanin with another equally important hormone - melatonin, which is produced in dark time days. An excess of it can interfere with the production of melanin.

3. The number of moles on the body

Moles - pigmented neoplasms on the skin (both congenital and acquired) different forms and shades (from pink to dark brown). On the epidermis of the average person, there are from 30 to 150 moles, but it also happens that their number exceeds 500. According to latest research, then the number of moles is associated with the length of telomeres - regions at the tips of chromosomes. Their length in the process of life is reduced, and upon reaching critical indicator the cell stops dividing and dies.

Scientists say that people with large quantity moles have larger telomeres, which means that their body is less susceptible to the aging process and various age-related diseases. However, moles often cause skin cancer. At active interaction with ultraviolet rays or with injuries, moles can develop into a malignant formation.

4. Dependence of freckles on age

Freckles often appear in early age and almost completely disappear by the age of 35-40. They dim quite randomly. This is due to a decrease in the level of melanin, a photoprotective pigment in the body. Skin with numerous freckles is most vulnerable to ultraviolet rays, because in such people it is often very light. That is why experts recommend people with a large number of freckles to constantly use sunscreen and avoid revealing clothing. Do not forget that not only the skin of a person, but also his entire body, including the retina and the immune system, can suffer from too intense sun.

5. Benefits of sweat glands

After intense physical exertion or with increased temperature regime people are sweating. This is a necessary natural process that protects the body from overheating. The skin has numerous sweat glands(about 600 pieces for every 5 cm²). Their activity is enhanced by irritation of nerve endings. Sweating often increases with hormonal surges and stress. Sweat glands are absent on the skin of the lips and on some areas of the genitals. On average, on a hot day, the body can lose about 3 liters of fluid.

6. Scratching from itching

When a person has itchy skin in inaccessible places, intentional scratching of the skin can help, and not necessarily in the itchy area. In the process of scratching the body, the brain is distracted by skin irritation and minor pain. So, thanks to a kind of “replacement effect”, a person stops feeling itching for some time.

Human skin contains a large number of dead cells. On the body there is a continuous and natural process the death of old cells and the birth of new ones. Every minute a person loses at least 40,000 dead cells of the epidermis. In order to speed up the renewal of the skin and get rid of dead skin, you can use cosmetics, such as, for example, scrubs or peeling devices (dry brushes with natural bristles, pumice stones, sponges, etc.). Enough to spend similar procedures once or twice a week. Too intense and frequent exfoliation can injure the skin and worsen its condition.

8. The thinnest and thickest human skin

Most thin layer skin covers the eyelid area. Its thickness in this place does not reach even 0.05 mm. For this reason, the epidermis here is subject to rapid aging. Eyelid skin requires the most careful care. And the thickest layer of skin (about 3 mm) covers the soles of the feet. This fact is associated with initial stages human evolution, because the primitive people long time walked without shoes.

9. Renewal of the epidermis

The skin is constantly updated, and this is key condition their youth. Old skin cells are exfoliated, and new ones appear in their place, born in the basal layer - at the base of the epidermis. When a person turns 25-27 years old, the skin begins to renew itself more slowly. Numerous dead cells accumulate on its surface, which prevent the dermis from functioning normally. This reduces the level of collagen, impairs the tone and elasticity of the skin, its natural shine and color. That is why the first, more or less noticeable wrinkles usually appear at the age of 25-30 years.

10. The role of proteins in skin health

Proteins (proteins) are extremely important for the human body and its normal functioning. it necessary material for construction, forming the epidermis, nails, hair, muscle tissues. That's why in daily diet human must contain proteins. With their lack, the skin loses its former appearance, elasticity, quickly becomes thinner and dries. The amount of their consumption is determined by the lifestyle and characteristics of the organism. Interestingly, protein is consumed throughout the day and even at night. A large number of protein is needed to maintain muscle mass and its development. Proteins are found in many foods, but special protein supplements can be taken if indicated by a doctor.

Surprisingly, the largest human organ is its skin, which performs a number of vital functions. This fast-growing organ is responsible for heat exchange and regulation of body temperature, warming when it is cold and cooling when it is hot. The skin covers the internal organs of the human body, as well as blood and muscles from microbes and other external factors.

What is skin?

The skin is the largest organ in the human body, the outer covering that protects all parts of the body that are inside it. This is a kind of shell, consisting of several layers and providing protection, as well as being responsible for such a feeling as touch. The skin is the largest human organ average weight is approximately 10 kilograms, which varies according to the size, height and volume of a person.

What is human skin made of?

The skin (as we found out, the largest human organ) consists of three main layers:

The epidermis is the top layer of the skin that provides a waterproof barrier and is responsible for tone. skin. Responsible for the color of the cover special cages, which are called melanocytes, which produce the pigment melanin and are located in the epidermis. People with more melanin have darker skin. Accordingly, the smaller it is, the lighter the skin.
The next layer contains tough connective tissue, hair follicles, sebaceous and sweat glands. The composition includes protein, elastin and collagen. In addition, there are also tiny blood capillaries providing a constant supply of oxygen and nutrients to skin cells.
Hypodermis, the deeper layer of adipose and connective tissue, this is the so-called energy reserve, as well as an insulating layer that protects the internal organs, for example, in case of a fall or shock.

Skin functions

One of the important functions of the skin is protection. The largest human organ prevents the entry of pathogens and toxic substances into the body. If there is no damage, then nothing can penetrate the skin.

One more important function is temperature control. The skin helps the body maintain a constant internal temperature. When the temperature environment rises, the blood vessels in the skin dilate. Thus, the body is protected from overheating. On the other hand, in response to a cold environment, blood vessels constrict, reducing heat loss.

The next function of the skin: the largest human organ retains moisture. The skin acts as a barrier to prevent water loss from the body. Human body consists of 60-70 percent water, and this necessary level must be constantly maintained in order to avoid dehydration. Figuratively speaking, without skin, a person would simply evaporate. Work sweat glands helps the body get rid of toxins, even the outer cover of a person contains the substance ergosterol, which is responsible for the synthesis of vitamin D.

Skin diseases: a brief description

Rash: almost any change in external state skin rash is called a rash, which may appear due to irritation or be a sign of various diseases.
Dermatitis: general term for inflammation of the skin. Atopic dermatitis(a type of eczema) is the most common form.
Eczema: inflammation of the skin (dermatitis) causing an itchy rash. This is most often due to an overactive immune system.
Psoriasis: an autoimmune condition that can cause skin rash in the form of keratinized scales.
Dandruff: scaly scalp disease caused in some cases seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis or eczema.
acne: the most common skin disease, acne is a problem in over 85% of people during certain period life.
Skin abscess (furuncle): localized skin infection in the form of subcutaneous abscesses.
Rosacea: a chronic skin disease that causes a red rash on the face. This disease is difficult to diagnose, as the rash looks like ordinary acne.
warts: The virus infects the skin and causes it to grow in a certain place, warts can be treated at home or removed with the help of a doctor.
Melanoma: the most dangerous type of skin cancer that occurs by various reasons. Determined by biopsy.
Basal cell carcinoma : The most common type of skin cancer. Basal cell carcinoma is less dangerous than melanoma because it grows and spreads more slowly.
Herpes: the herpes virus can cause intermittent blisters or irritation of the skin around the lips, there is a so-called genital herpes.
Hives: red, itchy patches on the skin that come on suddenly. Urticaria is often an allergic reaction.
Lichen: curable fungal infection of the skin.
Scabies: intensely itchy rash at the base of the fingers, wrists, elbows and buttocks caused by microscopic mites.

The skin is a complex and versatile human organ, tough enough to protect and sensitive enough to feel the breeze. Her condition directly depends on factors such as age, nutrition and lifestyle.

Good afternoon! If you think about it, the human body is thought out to such smallest details that it causes surprise and admiration. Plus, as we know, it also has such incredible capabilities that it really fascinates!

Also, in addition to the structure and hidden features, there are also quantitative indicators that are no less interesting. What is the largest organ in humans? What is total length capillaries? How long does it take a person to completely renew the population of the Earth? If you want to know this, then the following small selection of facts is especially for an inquisitive person, as well as a small video about other possibilities of our body.

And a few of those facts that were not included in the video. They are interesting because they allow you to compose general idea about what is happening to our own body, while we walk, eat, sleep, argue with the authorities at work or surf the Internet:

During the day, a person sheds more than 14 million particles of his own skin, and their total weight over the entire life of a person is almost 50 kg.
Being in calm state, a person takes about 12-15 breaths per minute. And the respiratory rate itself depends on age and slows down significantly with age.
Organs such as the nose and ears grow throughout life.
Despite the fact that the body consists of billions of cells, nevertheless, its main component is water.
Even the most advanced modern video cameras bypass the eye hundreds of times. In other words, the resolution of the eyes is approximately 576 megapixels.
The composition of gastric juice is so caustic that if it comes into contact with the skin, it can burn it. Hence, our stomach secretes such a substance that can even dissolve zinc, then its walls are completely renewed in about three days.
Everyone has heard that fingerprints are unique. But not only prints are unique, but also the “pattern” on the tongue, as well as lip prints.
About a quarter of everything that is consumed by the body, and this is oxygen, food, and so on, uses the brain.
With such a seemingly ordinary blinking, however, about two hundred muscles are involved!
About one drop human blood contain over 250 million cells.
If anyone is interested, then after cutting off the head from the body, the person (or head?) Is conscious for about another 20 seconds. So, all those who died in this way in the Game of Thrones, it turns out, lived twenty seconds more.
Red blood cells, which, as you remember, are called "erythrocytes" are able to "cross" the body from "A" to "Z" in just 20 seconds.
As "measurements" showed, when sneezing, a person throws air out of himself up to 166 km / h. An impressive score!
Tooth enamel, which is so advised to be strengthened with specially designed toothpastes, is the most durable substance in the world!
Nails and hair do not grow after death. This impression is formed on the basis of the fact that the body itself begins to shrink. That is, no mysticism!
With age, many human bones grow together, thus reducing their total from 350 to 206. At the same time, starting from the age of two, two very important bones appear - the patella.
It turns out that not only the taste buds on the tongue determine the taste of food - very important role saliva also plays a part in this, which is a kind of catalyst. In other words, if there were no saliva, there would be no taste of food.
Fingerprints appear in the fetus already in the third month of its development.
If a person has healthy liver, then per day it passes through itself 720 liters of blood. Take care of your liver!
Immediately after a hearty meal, a person's hearing is significantly reduced.
Our blood contains so much iron that you can make a 7.5 cm nail.
per day, at healthy person The body produces almost 200 billion red blood cells a day.
Are there many who have thought about what a heartbeat is? We answer: this sound is emitted by the working valves of the heart during their closing.
A fact familiar to all of us in practice: during low temperature environment, a person begins to think better and his memory sharpens. In other words, the ancestral home of man is the North, not Africa.)))
Due to various biochemical processes that go on in the human body every second of his life, he has a weak glow. In other words, a person glows in the dark, but this bioluminescent glow is so weak that untrained eyes do not see this radiation - special training is needed here.

Despite the fact that in quantitative terms our body has been studied quite well, as evidenced by the above facts, but the mechanism of work itself is still largely unknown. In other words, the very body, to which a person pays very little attention, paying more attention to the outside world, is still preparing many surprises.