Red rough spots appeared on the child's body. Types of spots on the skin of a child and the reasons for their appearance

On healthy skin the child should not have any extraneous spots. Their appearance usually indicates that some kind of pathological disorders. This article will help to understand under what situations and diseases spots appear on the skin.

Causes

The physiological color of the skin is pale pink. In a newborn baby skin soft enough to see through blood vessels. The skin of the babies is quite hydrated.

The appearance of various rashes on the skin most often indicates the occurrence of a pathological process.

The following reasons can lead to the appearance of spots on the skin of a baby:

• Violation of the endocrine system. For the full growth and development of the child, a wide variety of hormones are required. Failure of the endocrine system contributes to the appearance of various red spots on the skin. They may be rough to the touch. The size of such formations usually reaches several centimeters.
• herpes infection. It is manifested by the appearance of red spots with bubbles on the child's skin. Inside these elements contains a serous-bloody fluid. A herpetic rash can occur on almost any part of the body, but most often it affects the mucous membranes of the lips and genitals.
• Children's infections. Measles, rubella, chicken pox- fairly common causes of various skin rashes on the skin of babies. Each pathology has its own specific features rash.

These childhood infections are manifested by the appearance of numerous red spots on the skin, which can be located on almost all parts of the body.

• Allergic pathologies. The appearance of red, rough spots on the skin is often a skin manifestation of an allergy. These elements appear when various provoking factors - allergens - enter or act on the body. These symptoms occur in babies who have individual hypersensitivity to specific chemicals or foods.
• Atopic dermatitis . Causes the appearance of bright red spots on the skin of the baby, which can cause severe itching in the child. This pathology has a pronounced hereditary character. In the presence of a burdened family history, the risk of atopic dermatitis in a child increases several times.

• contact dermatitis. Every mother raising a baby can meet this pathology. More often contact dermatitis occurs in children under one year of age. It arises due to allergic reaction, which is caused by some Chemical substance. In children, the development of contact dermatitis leads to the use of improperly fitting diapers or wearing clothes made from synthetic materials.
• Violation of skin pigmentation. This condition occurs in pediatric practice quite often. It is characterized by the appearance of white spots on tanned skin. This pathological condition is associated with a violation of the content of melanin in the skin layers - the main pigment that provides normal color. The appearance of white spots on the skin after sunburn should alert parents and motivate them to seek advice from a pediatrician.

• Eczema. Manifested by the appearance on the skin of weeping pink spots, which can be located on different parts of the body. Most often, eczema is formed in those anatomical zones that are most often exposed to provocative external factors. These are usually the hands and feet. The size of the spots on the skin with eczema can be different.
• Seborrheic dermatitis . It can occur in various pathological conditions. Characterized by the appearance on the scalp yellow spots. Another specific symptom of the disease is a huge amount of easily desquamated skin scales (dandruff). The peak incidence occurs in adolescence.

• Impact adverse factors external environment. Severe hypothermia or contact with low-quality children's cosmetics often leads to the fact that the child's skin becomes dry. In some cases, various skin spots and rashes. Most often they look like light or red formations.
• Ichthyosis. This genetic pathology, flowing in babies is quite difficult. First adverse symptoms appear in a child in early childhood. The disease is characterized by the appearance of grayish and white spots on the skin. These skin elements are numerous and resemble “fish scales” in appearance.

• endemic diseases. In our country, infections that occur in babies as a result of bites are widespread. ixodid ticks. These insects are carriers dangerous diseases- viral tick-borne encephalitis and borreliosis. The appearance on the body of a spot with a bright red rim may indicate that the child has the first signs of Lyme disease.
• Prickly heat. This pathology is one of the most common in babies of the first year of life. This pathological condition develops when the process of thermoregulation is disturbed, as a result of which secretion is disturbed. sweat glands. This pathology is characterized by the appearance on the skin of a child of various red spots, which are quite large in area.

• Deprive Gibert. Occurs after transferred by a child viral or bacterial infections. It is manifested by the appearance of bright pink spots on the skin. The dimensions of the skin elements are usually from 2 to 4 cm. The spots disappear from the skin on their own, without prescribing treatment.
• Fungal diseases. Causes white spots on the skin. They arise as a result of the toxic effects on the skin of biologically active waste products of fungi. The spots from a fungal infection are usually round or oval. In some cases, they merge with each other, forming fairly large areas of affected skin.

How do they appear?

The appearance of various rashes on the skin of a baby is a reason to see a doctor. Conduct differential diagnosis difficult enough at home. problems skin diseases are engaged pediatric dermatologists. These specialists conduct a full clinical examination and examination of the baby, as a result of which they will be able to establish the correct diagnosis.

The severity of symptoms various diseases may be different. The color intensity of skin rashes also differs significantly. In the midst acute period disease spots on the skin have a more intense color, then gradually turn pale. After cleansing from skin rashes, areas of depigmentation usually remain on the skin. They look like white or light spots that disappear completely after a few weeks.

Localization of skin rashes can be different. With contact allergic pathologies spots appear in places of direct contact.

Infectious diseases are characterized by the appearance of skin rashes on almost all parts of the body: from the face to the heels:

• The appearance of white patches on the skin can be triggered by vitiligo disease. This disease is characterized by the formation of rather large white spots on the skin, while there are no other adverse symptoms. Usually the spots are irregular in shape, have bizarre outlines. Doctors consider this condition more cosmetic than pathological. Most often, the first symptoms occur in adolescence.
• Combination of skin elements and systemic disorders is very unfavorable and always indicates the presence of a persistent pathology in the body. One of these diseases is tumorous sclerosis. This condition is innate. It is characterized by the lag of the baby in the physical and mental development, the occurrence of epileptic seizures, as well as the appearance on the skin of large spots that cover the skin on the hands and feet.

• Pale large spots may occur in infants and various pathologies immune system. Congenital or acquired immunodeficiencies are manifested by the appearance of fairly light areas on the skin. Premature babies, as well as babies born during complicated pregnancies, are at the highest risk. congenital anomalies, leading to a persistent metabolic disorder, also contribute to the appearance of white patches on the child's skin.

• Psoriasis- This is a fairly common dermatological pathology, which is accompanied by the appearance of various spots on the skin. This is a family disease that is inherited. As a rule, the first manifestations of the disease occur in adolescence. Characterized this pathology the occurrence of itchy spots that can be located on the back, face, upper body, knees and elbows. Psoriatic skin elements are usually red in color, rather rough to the touch.

Skin rashes may be the most various forms and outlines. Such a variety of clinical options makes it difficult for doctors to establish correct diagnosis. Quite often, in order to determine exactly the cause of the appearance of spots on the skin, a large complex of various diagnostic methods is carried out.

In complex clinical situations, a medical consultation is required, which is attended by specialists from various medical specialties.

The duration of persistence of rashes on the skin can be different and depends on causes of disease, which caused them to appear on the skin. Red spots that occur due to various childhood infections usually disappear completely from the skin after 7-14 days from the moment the first rash appears. Fungal variants take a little longer. Skin manifestations with contact dermatitis, they completely disappear after a few days, with the obligatory condition of excluding the ingress of allergens into children's body in this period.

When pathological rashes appear on the skin, complex therapy is required. The treatment plan is determined pediatric dermatologist after the diagnostic examinations. The duration of therapy depends on the cause that caused the disease.

To remove various stains from the skin, use the following recommendations:

• Limit any contact with allergens. Compliance hypoallergenic diet with the exception of highly allergenic products, it is shown to all allergic babies without exception. Choose children's clothes made only from quality materials. Try to limit your child's wearing of synthetic materials.
• Choose baby cosmetics which does not contain aggressive chemical fragrances and dyes. Pay attention to the labeling, which is always present on the packaging with this product.

For children who are prone to developing allergic reactions, it is advisable to choose cosmetic products that have a hypoallergenic composition.

• Do wet cleaning more often children's room. Quite often, exposure to household dust leads to the appearance of various allergic red spots on the skin of babies. Regularly carry out general cleaning of the premises using disinfectants. They will help reduce the concentration of microorganisms in the children's room.
• Don't bathe your baby often. To maintain optimal skin moisture, it is very important to protect its water-lipid layer. Hot or long baths can cause the skin to become very dry and various spots appear on them. Carrying out daily hygiene procedures It is quite enough to preserve and maintain the cleanliness and health of the skin.

Human skin can be called an indicator of health. Especially it concerns small child, whose skin is very sensitive to any changes - as in external conditions, as well as in general condition internal organs and body systems.

Skin rashes can be of a different nature. Some of them are not dangerous, others are a signal for the development of an allergic, infectious or autoimmune process. It is impossible to ignore a rash in a child or treat it yourself without finding out the root cause.

Skin rashes are very common in young children.

Types of rash in babies

In dermatology, there are three large groups, in which all possible skin rashes in infants are distributed:

1. Physiological. This type of rash occurs in newborns. Rashes appear on the body as a result hormonal changes occurring in the body.
2. Immunological. It is a consequence of the impact on the epidermis of various annoying factors eg allergens, temperature or friction. Such rashes include hives, prickly heat, an allergic reaction, or atopic dermatitis. Violation elementary rules hygiene can also lead to unwanted manifestations.
3. Infectious. A rash is a symptom that accompanies a certain infectious (viral) disease, for example, chicken pox or scarlet fever (for more details, see the article:).

Causes of rashes

This article talks about typical ways to solve your questions, but each case is unique! If you want to know from me how to solve exactly your problem - ask your question. It's fast and free!

There are many reasons why a rash can occur on the head, face, arms, legs, sternum, back, or back of the head. The most likely are:

1. Diseases that are viral in nature. These include measles, rubella, chickenpox, mononucleosis.
2. Diseases bacterial etiology. For example, scarlet fever.
3. Allergy. Allergic reactions can be caused by food, hygiene products, clothing, household chemicals, perfumery and cosmetics, insect bites.
4. Mechanical damage to the epidermis. With insufficient quality treatment of the wound, irritation of the skin around it may begin, manifesting itself in the form of pimples, white dots, colorless vesicles, goosebumps, red or pink spots.
5. Problems with blood clotting. In this situation, the rash is small hemorrhages characteristic of meningococcal meningitis.

So, babies get rashes. different types and has different etiology. It is not worth it to self-diagnose and determine the type of rashes using photos from the Internet, even with good explanations. This should be done by a specialist.

Diseases accompanied by rashes

Any kind of rash on the body refers to the symptoms of the disease. They can be very different in appearance. The rash is papular, small-dotted or, conversely, in the form of large dots or pimples. She is dating different colors ranging from clear or white to bright red. The characteristics describing the rashes directly depend on their etiology or the ailment that they accompany.

Dermatological diseases

Among the diseases of dermatological etiology, the symptoms of which are a variety of rashes, one can note:

• dermatoses (for example,);
• psoriasis;
• eczema;
• candidiasis and other diseases of the epidermis.

Almost always, skin diseases are caused by problems with internal organs and systems in combination with the influence of external factors. For example, neurodermatitis can be triggered by malfunctions of the nervous and endocrine systems against the background of a decrease in immunity. In such a situation, it is required complex therapy with the use of medications, and not just ointments or creams.

As far as psoriasis is concerned, initial stage outwardly, it looks like an allergic reaction, but over time, plaques become characteristic appearance. Another name for the disease is psoriasis. Psoriasis and eczema are very rare in children. one month old. genetic predisposition to these diseases only after 2 years.

Allergic reaction

One of the main symptoms of an allergy is a rash. Backlash- reception result medicinal medicines or the use of certain food products. Possessing various form and size, rashes can spread throughout the body, including the face, chest, limbs.

The main characteristic difference between the rash with allergies is the increase in its severity when exposed to the allergen and the disappearance after the exclusion of the irritant. Another feature is the presence of severe itching.

The most common manifestations of an allergic rash are:

1. . Occurs due to food, drugs and temperature factors. Sometimes define true reason urticaria is impossible.
2. . It is a papular red rash that merges and crusts as it develops. Most often occurs on the face, cheeks and in places where the arms and legs are bent. Accompanied by itching.

Infectious diseases

Quite often, a rash is a sign of an infectious disease. The most famous of them:

1. . The child develops characteristic watery vesicles, which, drying up, form a crust. They are characterized by itching. The temperature may also rise, but sometimes the disease goes away without it.
2. . The main symptoms are enlarged lymph nodes in the neck and a rash in the form of small red spots or dots that first appear on the face, and then move to the neck, shoulders and further spread throughout the body.
3. . It appears in the form round spots and knots for auricles spreading throughout the body. The disease is also accompanied by peeling, pigmentation disorders, fever, conjunctivitis, cough and photophobia.
4. . Initially, the rashes are localized on the cheeks, then they move to the limbs, chest and torso. Gradually, the rash becomes more pale. Scarlet fever is also characterized by a bright red color of the palate and tongue.
5. . It starts with a rise in temperature. The fever lasts for about three days, after which a red spotted rash appears on the body.
6. . It is characterized by a red rash that is very itchy.

Rashes in a newborn

The sensitive skin of newborns is most susceptible to negative external influence. Among the most frequent cases of rashes on the body of the baby are noted:

1. . It usually appears in a child due to heat as a result of overheating and difficulty in sweating. Most often, this type of rash forms on the head, in particular under the hair, on the face, in the folds of the skin, where diaper rash is present. Rashes are blisters and spots that do not cause discomfort to the child (see also:).
2. . Inflamed papules and pustules affect the face, the skin on the head under the hair, and the neck. They are a consequence of the activation of the sebaceous glands through the hormones of the mother. Such acne usually does not need to be treated, but care should be taken to quality care and skin hydration. They pass without a trace, leaving no scars or pale spots.
3. . Appears as papules and pustules white-yellow color, in diameter from 1 to 2 mm, surrounded by a red rim. They appear on the second day of life, then gradually disappear on their own.

How to localize the rash to determine the disease?

One of important characteristics rashes on the body is their localization. It is by what part of the body that the spots, dots or pimples are located, it is possible to determine the nature of the problem and the disease that became the root cause of their appearance.

Naturally, this is not the only parameter that is necessary to establish an accurate diagnosis, but it is quite possible to reduce the number of ailment options. However, a dermatologist should analyze the factors that caused the appearance of a rash on a particular part of the body, and how to treat it in order to avoid serious consequences of self-medication.

Rash on the face

One of the parts of the body that is most affected different kind dermatitis, is the face.

Besides the fact that the appearance small pimples or a speck on the face indicates pathologies in the body, such defects still become an aesthetic problem.

The reasons why the rash affects facial area, can be very different:

1. Reaction to the sun. Occurs with prolonged exposure to the sun.
2. Allergy. She can be called cosmetical tools, for example, creams, which are based on citrus oils. Food is also often the cause.
3. Prickly heat. Observed in infants one year old and younger with poor-quality skin care.
4. Diathesis. They suffer children who are on breastfeeding.
5. Puberty in adolescents.
6. Infectious diseases. These include measles, rubella and scarlet fever.

Eruptions all over the body

Quite often, the rash affects more than one specific area, but spreads almost throughout the body.

If the child is covered various kinds rashes, this indicates:

1. Erythema toxic. The rash affects 90% of the body. Disappears within 3 days of detoxification.
2. Newborn acne (we recommend reading:). Bathing with baby soap, air baths, care and proper nutrition are the solution to this problem.
3. Allergic reaction. It can manifest as urticaria or contact dermatitis anywhere on the body where contact with the allergen has occurred.
4. Infections. If nothing has changed in the diet and habits of the child, then the possible cause of the rash is an infectious disease.

Red dots on arms and legs

As for the rash on the limbs, its main cause is usually an allergy. Especially similar allergic manifestations touch hands. They may remain on the skin. long time if the child experiences constant stress, emotional distress and fatigue. If you start the problem, it can develop into eczema.

Another reason why it may sprinkle on the hands and feet is a fungal disease (such as psoriasis, scabies or lupus). In cases where there is no rash elsewhere, simple sweating is possible.

Rash on the abdomen

The main factor that can provoke the appearance of a rash on the abdomen is infection, in particular, such well-known diseases as measles, rubella, scarlet fever and chicken pox. With timely and competent treatment, the rash begins to disappear as early as 3-4 days.

Usually, besides the abdomen, the skin is affected in other places. However, if the rash is present exclusively on the abdomen, then contact dermatitis is most likely caused by an allergen in contact with the baby's tummy.

Rashes on the head and neck

A rash on the head or neck is most often the result of sweating. In this case, it is necessary to normalize the thermoregulation of the child and ensure proper care behind the skin. You can also smear the affected areas with ointments and bathe the baby in a row.

Among other reasons for the appearance of a rash in these places are:

• chicken pox;
• scabies (we recommend reading:);
• neonatal pustulosis;
• atopic dermatitis.

red dots on the back

The most common causes of red dots on the back and shoulders are:

• allergy;
• prickly heat;
• insect bites;
• measles;
• rubella (we recommend reading:);
• scarlet fever.

Two more probable diseases associated with such a localization of red dots as the back are.

Rashes on the child's body are a reason for parents to worry about the baby's health. Causes of spots different sizes and red on delicate skin can be many - from a banal insect bite, to the manifestation of allergic reactions or the presence of a disease. A pediatrician will help determine the cause of red spots in a child localized throughout the body. We will try to give a list of possible causes that cause a skin ailment.

Has the temperature risen?

First you need to find out whether the redness of the child's skin is accompanied by an increase in body temperature. This will help to avoid such infectious diseases, How:

• Scarlet fever.
• Chicken pox.
• Rubella.
• Measles.
• Erythema etc.

These diseases are transmitted by airborne droplets and in direct contact of the child with the patient, and are accompanied elevated temperature. If you have these symptoms, you should immediately go to the hospital.

If the red plaques on the child's body do not have additional accompanying symptoms The diagnoses may vary. Do not ignore the fact that each child has individual characteristics of the organism and this or that disease can manifest itself in different ways (with or without fever).

Possible variations of children's dermatitis

Allergy or diathesis

The body of young children is rather weak and cannot accept many foods and the artificial additives contained in them. Flavors, artificial food colorings, preservatives, sweeteners, flavor enhancers and other harmful chemicals can irritate a fragile child digestive tract causing severe diathesis. Often, oval red or pink spots are accompanied by severe itching, can get a little wet, deliver pain and discomfort. This reaction is normal and natural for children when eating foods such as chips, crackers in various flavors, candies, sodas and other common snack foods.

Even babies are prone to allergic reactions if they are not suitable for any reason. breast milk mother or artificial mixtures and additives.

If the child's body has undergone intoxication with an accompanying rash, it is necessary to carefully review the baby's diet with the exception of all possible allergens.

If a child spills out with proper nutrition, there are external factors that irritate delicate skin. Some types of baby clothing fabrics or washing powders can cause allergic manifestations, so it is important to choose only high-quality natural fabrics with processed internal seams and specialized children's hypoallergenic powders, conditioners. Very often throws out the child due to the use of:

• Shampoo.
• Kremov.
• bathing gel
• powder.

Prickly heat

Infants are more prone to prickly heat, but older children also have a problem. If the child wears a diaper, red dots are often observed in places under the diaper. This is justified by the fact that diapers or multilayer diapers do not let through enough air to the body of the child and when urinating sweat glands the baby is stopped, causing the appearance of redness.

Also, those parts of the baby’s body that most often sweat - the neck, elbow and knee folds, and others, depending on individual characteristics little man of the place. When breastfeeding or eating through a bottle, due to salivation, sweating or fluid leakage from the container, the beard and cheeks of babies can also become covered with reddish dots.

Teaching your baby to urinate in a cup or small container at first or potty in the future will help get rid of the problem. It is also necessary to change diapers more often, leaving the baby without clothes for a small amount of time for the skin to "breathe". A wide range of baby powders, creams and other beauty products will also help solve the problem.

lichen

A disease such as lichen is quite common among children. Lichens are of three types:

• Pink deprive. Children with weakened protective properties of the body are susceptible to the disease. Manifested pink lichen in the form of large red spots with small patches and redness around. The affected areas of the skin are very itchy, ache and cause inconvenience. You can treat lichen by rubbing prescribed by a doctor. hormonal ointments use antihistamines medications, diet.
• Ringworm manifests itself in redness of the skin all over the body. Bright spots cause discomfort due to constant itching. A characteristic difference ringworm is the factor that when combing the affected area, you can notice the exfoliation of dead skin cells. dangerous this species depriving the fact that redness grows rapidly, covering almost everything baby body. For proper treatment you should consult a pediatrician or pediatric dermatologist.
• Another type of disease versicolor. It differs from the two previous species in that the color of the spots on the body has a brownish tint. After the spots pass, the skin in this place becomes a little lighter. Usually dark spots stay on the body for about 2-3 weeks. The disease is treated with antifungal drugs, rubbing lichen with special solutions and ointments. The child needs to see a doctor.

Disorder of the nervous system

Redness often appears and disappears on the child's body - if this is not an allergy, then most likely a nervous breakdown. Emotional arousal caused by stressful situations, is often manifested by the appearance of spots of unknown origin on the body of a beloved child. Often nervous disorders accompanied by such accompanying indicators as a change in mood, restless sleep, bitten nails, bitten lips, tearfulness, aggressiveness.

When such symptoms are detected, parents need to observe the behavior of the baby, reduce or completely exclude his stay in places with increased stress, create a calm and friendly atmosphere at home. Spots caused by stress nervous state can be lubricated with antiseptic ointments. At the time of treatment, excitatory and irritating foods should be excluded from the child's diet, and more clean drinking water should be given to drink. You should not self-medicate, it is better to consult with specialists in the field of pediatrics, neurologists or psychotherapists.

If the child is covered with red spots that are observed throughout the body, this may indicate allergic reactions or the development of infectious diseases in the child. It is important to immediately identify possible cause illness and completely eliminate the provocateur from the life of the baby. It is necessary to visit the clinic for the delivery of all necessary analyzes for an accurate diagnosis and start qualified treatment, discussed with the pediatrician.

Red spots with different character, may appear on the child's body numerous reasons. For example, they can appear in the presence of allergic, infectious, hereditary diseases, in case of change in care conditions and temperature environment, dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system, etc. Often, skin changes can reflect problems associated with the functioning of internal organs: intestines, liver, kidneys, pancreas. Often, red spots on the skin of a child are reactions to the bite of an insect, in most cases it disappears in two weeks.

• spots (maculae);
• blisters (urticaria);
• nodules (papules);
• vesicles (vesicles);
• large blisters (bulls);
• pustules (purulent blisters).

Spots can be located at the level of the skin and not protrude above its surface. Red spots in a child may cause discomfort, accompanied by itching or a burning sensation, less often the spots may not disturb the child at all.

Causes of red spots in children

One of the earliest rashes that can occur in newborns is toxic erythema. It appears on various parts of the body, limbs, face in the form of spots and nodules. A serious pathological condition of a newborn is pemphigus, which refers to the appearance of rashes localized on the thighs, abdominal skin, and around the navel. Pemphigus varieties include exfoliative dermatitis, which is more severe. The disease begins with the fact that the skin turns red in certain areas, usually around the mouth, if the infection occurred during feeding in the presence of cracked nipples in the mother. After this, there is a rapid spread of the rash throughout the body, large flabby blisters are formed, which then burst. After that, the top layer of the skin peels off in uneven stripes.

Allergy in a child

TO common reasons, according to which a child may have red spots from the first days of his life, is an allergy. The signs of an allergy include redness of the skin on the cheeks, its roughness. Sometimes the skin may become scaly, including the scalp. Perhaps the appearance of elements of urticaria on the body. In most cases, an allergy in a child, which is accompanied by the appearance of red spots, is combined with changes in bowel function. In this case, it is necessary to analyze all the latest innovations and actions in the life of the baby: wearing new clothes, the purchase of new toys, a new bed, taking medication, etc. It is possible that the baby, or you if you are breastfeeding, has eaten something allergic. In this case, you need to follow a hypoallergenic diet. The exclusion from the diet of nuts, citrus fruits, fish and fish products, poultry and poultry products, chocolate and coffee, smoked products, vinegar, mustard, mayonnaise and other spices, radishes, horseradish, radishes, eggplants, tomatoes, mushrooms, milk, melons, strawberries, strawberries, pineapple, eggs, pastry, honey, alcoholic beverages. It is recommended to use boiled beef meat; cereal soups, vegetable soups (on a secondary vegetable broth); butter, olive, sunflower oils; porridge: buckwheat, oatmeal, rice; lactic acid products - one-day (cottage cheese, kefir, yogurt); fresh cucumbers, parsley, dill; baked apples; tea; Sahara; compotes from apples; white unsweetened bread.

Sweating in a child

Often, children develop prickly heat, which is characterized by the appearance of the smallest swelling of the surface layer of the skin. It looks like bubbles that are bright pink or reddish in color, as a rule, the rash does not itch. This type of rash is localized in the cervical folds, armpits, on the back and chest.

Most often, red spots on the body of a newborn are vascular “imprints” that appeared during the period when the baby was moving through the birth canal. It often happens that the head of the embryo does not press against the knees, but is thrown back, then it is even more difficult for the baby to move along the paths than in the fetal position. Before being born, a child goes through a long and difficult path, during which his body rubs against the uterus and other organs of a woman, which is why spots appear on the body.

But the appearance of red spots in a newborn is not always safe; in some cases, the baby needs regular examination by a doctor. The dermatologist must take tests and samples, and only then put accurate diagnosis and prescribe treatment.

If on the body of the child appeared vascular formation, you need to understand its form:

1. Vascular nevus. Such spots differ in irregular shape and a shade from red to pink. As the child grows, the spot fades and becomes invisible. Many people call it a birthmark that does not protrude above the surface of the skin.
2. Nevus Unna is one of the harmless types of spots that most often appear on the neck, back of the head and the area above the eyelids.
3. A fiery nevus is an appearance that protrudes above the skin. Children born with such formations need to be examined by a doctor, as sometimes spots indicate developmental disabilities.
4. A simple nevus is a scarlet patch that goes away without treatment by 6 months. They do not protrude above the skin and can only appear during the period of crying or strong tension of the baby.
5. Cavernous hemangioma. A more serious type that can provoke various diseases. This benign tumor, which can appear not only on the surface of the skin, but also in the brain and mucous membranes.
6. capillary hemangioma. With such redness, a violation of the structure of the capillaries is revealed, which is visible even before birth. The stain does not go away on its own, it needs treatment, most often surgical intervention. Sometimes it can appear at the birth of a baby or before the age of 3 months.
7. Mixed hemangioma. The most difficult form of a scarlet spot on the body of a child, when a hemangioma and tumor cells appear.

Sometimes a baby can be born with a hematoma, which is obtained when passing through birth canal. As a rule, the bruise that appears does not pose a threat and disappears in a few days. It is worth knowing that the most dangerous scarlet formations can be called those located near the ears or eyes, as they disrupt the sight and hearing of the baby.

2 Red rash

Sometimes a lot of scarlet rashes can appear on the body of a newborn. In this case we are talking about an allergic reaction, prickly heat or dermatitis. In the first case, it is necessary to identify and eliminate the allergen, with prickly heat and dermatitis, complex treatment will be required.

Regardless of the reasons for the appearance small spots spread throughout the body of the child, giving him a lot of discomfort. But if the treatment is started in a timely manner, then after 3-4 weeks there will be no trace of the spots. As a rule, any experienced mother will independently distinguish pathologies from harmless disease which is treatable.

It is extremely rare for newborns to develop telangiectasia - small red spots all over the body. The main reason for their appearance can be called the thin and delicate skin of the baby, through which the vessels are visible. Very often, such spots appear on the face of a newborn. special treatment this condition does not require, as a rule, by 1 year the dots disappear and the person acquires light shade. If after a year they have not disappeared, you need to see a doctor.

3 Causes of scarlet formations

To date, it has not been possible to establish the exact causes of the appearance of red spots on the body of a newborn. It is also impossible to answer the question why 50% of babies are born without birthmarks, while the remaining 50% have them. Possible reasons for the appearance of spots include the following:

• non-compliance proper nutrition a pregnant woman;
• damage during childbirth;
• Rhesus conflict in mother and child;
• wrong lifestyle during pregnancy;
• diseases in the first trimester of the mother, when the vegetative-vascular system is laid;
• incorrect presentation;
• bad habits of the expectant mother;
• bad ecology.

If spots spread throughout the body, then the following features can be called their cause:

• being in a hot room;
• wearing low-quality clothes;
• prolonged stay in a diaper;
• allergy;
• inadequate hygiene.

In order to reveal exact reasons the appearance of spots and prescribe treatment, the child must be shown to the doctor. Do not self-medicate, as it can be harmful to the newborn.

4 General principles of treatment

Any child who is born with a red spot needs constant medical attention. If they do not increase in size and do not bother the baby in any way, then they do not need to be treated, but monitoring should not be stopped. If the crumbs appeared not simple birthmark, and hemangioma, then after 3 years you need to start its active treatment. In addition, the dermatologist may prescribe hormonal pills, and different ointments and gels.

In some cases, the spot in the baby grows over time and changes in color, then it is necessary to remove it. Operations are performed at 3, 6 and 12 months. Surgical intervention can be carried out different methods: laser removal, excision, cryotherapy, cryodestruction or sclerosis.

In order to treat allergies, you need to take antihistamines, for example Zodak, Suprastin. If it's a rash, it is recommended to use ointments and creams for dermatitis and prickly heat. by the most effective means can be called:

• Fenistil;
• Bepantel;
• D-panthenol.

Thus, red spots can go away on their own, and in some cases it is required timely treatment. Their most dangerous manifestation can be called hemangioma, which occurs in 10% of all infants, preferably in girls.