Duodeno gastric reflux catarrhal focal bulbitis treatment. Duodeno-gastric reflux - normal or pathological? What it is

Duodeno gastric reflux is a phenomenon in which a piece of content duodenum thrown into the stomach. Usually, duodenogastric reflux accompanies these diseases. gastrointestinal tract, as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer of the duodenum and stomach.

Duodenogastric reflux. Possible consequences

The ducts of the liver, as well as the pancreas, enter the duodenum, for this reason its secret contains a large number of bile and pancreatic juices. When these liquids are thrown into the stomach, its mucosa is not able to neutralize the enzymes of bile and pancreas, inflammation begins and there is a possibility of a serious burn of the gastric mucosa. The result of this can be a disease such as reflux gastritis (another name is type C chemical gastritis).

Duodenogastric reflux. Symptoms

Symptoms associated with duodenogastric reflux are not always pronounced. Sometimes this phenomenon can be completely asymptomatic, but it is detected during an electrogastroduodenoscopy study.

Typically, duodenogastric reflux is accompanied by symptoms such as belching, bitter or dry mouth, lack of appetite, nausea, and weakness after eating.

Duodenogastric reflux. Treatment

To determine the method of treatment, it is necessary to identify the initial, true reason its occurrence, undergo a series of examinations to identify the presence of peptic ulcer, gastritis, duodenitis. Treatment of reflux usually begins with the treatment of the disease that caused it. Often, if the underlying disease is eliminated, duodenogastric reflux also disappears.

Nevertheless, there are cases when the solution of this problem causes significant difficulties, especially if the root cause of the appearance of reflux is surgical intervention in the gastrointestinal tract,

In this case, the doctor should prescribe drugs that neutralize the effect of bile on the stomach and its mucosa, as well as medications that promote accelerated emptying of the esophagus and stomach, and increase the tone of the esophageal sphincter. To do this, prokinetic drugs are prescribed, such as metoclopramide, domperidone, for an uninterrupted short period, usually up to 3 weeks. One of the negative aspects of such treatment is the possible resumption of reflux symptoms after the drug is discontinued.

The course of treatment of reflux should also include the use, especially in diseases that are characterized by an increased level of acidity. This group of drugs helps to neutralize the aggressive action of hydrochloric acid on the gastric mucosa. Preference should be given to drugs latest generation such as pantoprazole. They have very few side effects and are approved for use even by pregnant women.

Another group of drugs used for duodenogastric reflux are antacids. They bind bile chemically, but do not affect the level of hydrochloric acid. And besides, antacids protect the gastric mucosa, thereby enhancing therapeutic effect. These drugs are available in the form of suspensions or gels.

To date, ursodeoxycholic acid preparations are often used to treat reflux. With their help, they pass into water-soluble forms. This reduces the negative effect of bile on the mucous membranes. Usually the drug is prescribed twice a day.

In general, the treatment of duodenogastric reflux requires a course lasting at least two months. The full effect of the treatment can be achieved only with enough long-term use drugs.

What is this disease? Duodeno gastric reflux appears against the background of gastritis, pancreatitis, ulcers, duodenitis. Also, this disease can appear if a person has undergone surgery on the stomach.

Symptoms

This is a disease in which the contents of the duodenum are thrown into the stomach cavity. Symptoms of the disease are expressed as follows:

plaque on the tongue (yellow);

pain in the abdomen. Causes of pain: activity of the biliary tract and intestines, which leads to spasm;

heartburn (discomfort, burning behind the sternum). In some people, this can be expressed by a feeling of warmth, pressure, fullness in the abdomen. Heartburn occurs with any acidity, but most often with hyperacidity;

belching (ingestion of food from the stomach into the mouth). There is an arbitrary eructation and involuntary. Belching is accompanied by the release of sound and the release of air (from the mouth).

What complications does duodeno gastric reflux cause?

A person suffering from duodeno gastric reflux for a long time may develop a very severe complication. It:

chemical-toxic gastritis (type C),

reflux gastritis,

gastroesophageal reflux disease,

Symptoms and treatment of duodeno gastric reflux of a complicated form. The disease leads to the formation of an ulcer. A mixture of bile with pancreatic juice is an aggressive environment that destroys the mucous barrier of the stomach. At the same time, over time, duodeno gastric reflux causes metaplasia of the gastric epithelium. In addition, lysolecithin is formed, which has a toxic effect on the mucous membrane, gradually damaging it.

Diagnostics

This disease can be detected only by examination (comprehensive):

ultrasound examination abdominal cavity;

determination of the degree of acidity. This is very important, as it will allow a specialist to install accurate diagnosis, and to what extent the disease is expressed;

conduct electrogastroenterography;

treatment of the disease can only be prescribed by a specialist, based on the result confirmed by the examination.

Treatment

Treatment of duodeno gastric reflux should be prescribed by a specialist - a gastroenterologist. Treatment this disease will be aimed at normalizing the proper functioning of the organs - the stomach and duodenum. The specialist also prescribes a certain diet, in which everything fried, spicy and fatty is excluded.

To treat reflux, you need to neutralize the effect of bile acid on the mucous membranes of the stomach, oral cavity, because bile has a very irritant effect. In addition, it is necessary to achieve accelerated emptying using medications, and you also need to increase the tone of the esophageal sphincter.

Symptoms and treatment of duodeno gastric reflux chronic form. Usually prescribe drugs from the group of prokinetics. Perhaps doctors will prescribe Metoclopramide, Domperidone, but for a short continuous period, that is, a maximum of three weeks. negative moment Such therapy may be called the fact that after cessation of therapy, the symptoms of reflux may resume.

Comprehensive treatment should consist of inhibitor drugs, if the disease is accompanied by increased level acidity. This group of drugs is able to neutralize the aggressive effect of acid on the mucous membrane. In this case, it is recommended to give preference to representatives of the latest generation, for example, the drug Pantoprazole. It has minimal side effect, approved for use by pregnant women, as it is safe for health.

Home Care Tips

So that you are not tormented by the symptoms of the disease, perform a few useful tips:

eat more often, but little by little;

mouth treatment of duodeno gastric reflux rest more and sleep on your right side;

follow the regime;

spend more time in the air - this will ensure excellent digestion;

make a decoction of herbs (St. John's wort). Pour boiling water over one tablespoon (tablespoon) of St. John's wort. Let it brew for half an hour. Drink half a glass before meals (30 minutes). Drink this decoction for two weeks.

It is recommended to increase, as much as possible, walks and stays on fresh air(calm step), try not to get nervous over trifles. But, everyone knows that all diseases come from nerves. Better smile, and then everything will be fine!

Using these tips, you will feel much better, the symptoms of the disease will appear much less.

healthy diet

Almost every 5th person has a disease such as gastritis. For some, it manifests itself in a more pronounced form (pain, spasms, nausea, etc.), for someone to a lesser extent. If left untreated, gastritis can lead to a disease such as duodeno-gastric reflux. The main component of the treatment of this disease is diet. It is also important in disease prevention.

Apart from drug treatment It is important to maintain a certain diet. And this means that it is necessary to exclude from the diet: fried, spicy, fatty, citrus fruits, chocolate, cocoa, tomato, garlic. The following is recommended for the treatment of duodeno gastric reflux by specialists:

vegetarian soups, low fat meat broths;

vegetable and fruit salads;

include in your menu - bran;

low-fat cottage cheese;

juice, mineral water, yogurt.

The diet for duodeno-gastric reflux is generally accepted for the gastrointestinal tract, that is, it has not yet been fully developed, but there are a number of useful advice, the implementation of which facilitates the course of the disease and prevents the development of complications. Here are some of these recommendations:

frequent fractional meals in compliance with the diet: 3 main meals with duodeno-gastric reflux and 2-3 "light" between them;

food with duodeno-gastric reflux should be easily digestible;

avoid overeating;

food with symptoms of duodeno gastric reflux should be thoroughly chewed;

during "snacks" in the diet with duodeno-gastric reflux, it is better to use crackers, crackers, cookies, bran, which contribute to the excretion of bile.

Nutrition rules

Contributes to the effectiveness of the diet for duodeno-gastric reflux following the rules

after eating, do not take a horizontal position for at least 1 hour;

do not allow for symptoms of duodeno gastric reflux physical activity for at least 1 hour after eating (especially those associated with bending, muscle tension abdominals);

do not wear tight clothing and belts, so as not to increase intra-abdominal pressure;

frequent outdoor walks active image life;

smoking cessation as a common cause of duodeno-gastric reflux.

Sample menu for the diagnosis of duodeno gastric reflux

The diet provides:

avoid eating salty, spicy, fatty, smoked and fried foods;

exclude from the diet: citrus fruits, tomatoes, fresh bread, coffee, chocolate, garlic, onions and other products that reduce the tone of the pyloric sphincter;

avoid foods that increase acidity in the diet for duodeno gastric reflux gastric juice- for example, cabbage, apples;

use bran, contributing to the symptoms of duodeno-gastric reflux, the normalization of the composition of bile;

courses mineral water, rich in magnesium(for example, donation).

Diet for a complicated form of the disease

Since the occurrence of reflux is often due to pathological conditions such as gastritis or peptic ulcer, with duodeno-gastric reflux, the diet should be combined with the diets prescribed for this pathology. In this case, the above recommendations are added:

“gentle” cooking: food should not be hot or cold, mashed soups, pureed cereals are recommended;

lean varieties meat and fish;

avoid acidic foods (including fermented milk products), acidic juices;

from dairy products in the diet with symptoms of duodeno-gastric reflux, it is recommended: milk, non-acidic sour cream and yogurt, fresh cottage cheese;

avoid sour fruits, berries.

Full list products allowed or not allowed in the diet for duodeno-gastric reflux (table No. 2) and peptic ulcer (table No. 1) can be checked with your doctor.

Do not forget that the treatment of duodeno gastric reflux should be comprehensive. First of all, it is necessary to stop the pathological condition that led to its occurrence, otherwise, even with proper nutrition duodeno-gastric reflux will occur again. Therefore, along with a diet for duodeno-gastric reflux and performing general recommendations various drugs are shown, the doses and course of which are selected qualified specialist individually for each patient, depending on the etiology of the disease that led to the occurrence of reflux.

Causes of the disease

Why does duodeno gastric reflux occur? As you know, duodeno gastric reflux is a consequence of many common diseases of the stomach and esophagus. Duodeno gastric reflux can be observed in chronic gastritis, ulcers and duodenal ulcers. In addition, this type of reflux is considered the main cause of the development of chemical gastritis, or as it is popularly called type "C" gastritis.

The bottom line is that with duodeno-gastric reflux, the normal, normal movement of bile is disrupted. The bile accumulated in the duodenum is thrown back into the stomach, which should not happen. At the same time, once in the stomach, bile and enzymes (digestive) cause irritation of the mucous membrane. The cause of the disease is a dysfunction of the pylorus.

Provoking factors

Pyloric dysfunction is caused by the following factors:

chronic duodenitis;

more high pressure(higher than normal) in the duodenum.

It also happens that bile, from the duodenum getting into the stomach, remains there. There is a so-called burn of the stomach (mucous membrane). After all, the mucous membrane is not able to resist such active and aggressive enzymes. Therefore, there is a duodeno-gastric reflux. There are cases of "high" duodeno-gastric reflux. In this variant, bile goes not only to the stomach, but also to oral cavity. This is "high" reflux. In these cases, both the mucous membrane (shell) of the stomach and esophagus are damaged.

Video: Symptoms and treatment of duodeno gastric reflux

Duodeno gastric reflux of bile is not always considered by doctors as a disease. An absolutely healthy person during sleep or physical activity can show such a condition. Only this will happen almost asymptomatically and will not require treatment. But most often it is a pathology with which they turn to a specialist.

Duodenogastric reflux of bile is when everything that has accumulated in your duodenum, and first of all, of course, bile, goes back into the stomach by itself. It can be said that independent disease this process is recognized only in 30% of cases similar pathology. All other cases are classified as a syndrome that accompanies other diseases. Provoke bile reflux gastritis and peptic ulcer of the stomach or duodenum.

This process occurs because the closing function of the pylorus is weakened in your body, pressure in the duodenum is increased, and chronic duodenitis also has an effect. In turn, these reasons also do not come from nowhere. The likelihood of their occurrence increases if you smoke or take those drugs that weaken the tone smooth muscle esophagus. Weakened esophageal muscles, which separate the duodenum and stomach, as well as dysbacteriosis, also help this. You can also suffer if you have inflammatory processes in the pancreas or gallbladder. Even this excellent condition like pregnancy can affect bile reflux.

Symptoms

Very often, the symptoms of this disease do not specifically point to it. Reflux masquerades as other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Sometimes there are no symptoms at all and a person finds out that he has problems in this part by chance, being examined for a completely different problem. The doctor sends a complaint to fibrogastroduodenoscopy, and there the problem of duodenogastric reflux is already detected.

If we talk about the symptoms, then this disease can indicate:

If after some time after eating you have a painful spasm in the epigastric region.
Again, after eating, you have a feeling of bloating and you seem to be bursting with food, even if the portion was very small.
There is a yellowish coating on the tongue.
There is a bitter taste in the mouth, as if from spilled bile.
Belching is disturbing, either just air or something sour.
After eating, nausea rolls up, sometimes there is vomiting, in which bile is clearly felt.
Some time after you have eaten, heartburn sets in.

If you have these symptoms, then it is serious reason contact a specialist. He will send you to FGDS either contrast radiography stomach and duodenum. These studies will leave no doubt about the diagnosis.

Prevention

In order not to face all of the above problems, you can take timely measures. To do this, first of all, you need to control your diet and diet. Do not overeat, do not take after meals horizontal position don't bend over. Also, avoid strenuous exercise that increases abdominal pressure soon after a meal.

Naturally, you should quit smoking. Smoking in general causes many diseases, and if you give it up, your body will thank you very much.

Treatment

Like most diseases, biliary reflux requires complex treatment. If he acts only as side effect another disease, the root cause should be treated, and bile problems can be dealt with along the way.

The first and perhaps the most important condition for recovery can be called the rejection of alcoholic beverages and smoking. A specialist, whom you should definitely contact, can prescribe you choleretic drugs, aspirin or caffeine. In addition, if you have excess body weight, the doctor will prescribe a diet for you. Obesity is contraindicated in this disease.

Medical treatment

Drugs for duodenogastric reflux are prescribed such that can improve the motility of the gastrointestinal tract. When the condition of the muscles improves, the condition of the shut-off valves between the organs will also improve. To improve motor skills, for example, Trimedat is prescribed. And so that food does not linger in the stomach and moves faster through the small intestine, you will take the so-called prokinetics, which include Cerucal and Domperidone. Omez and Nexium will not allow the contents of the duodenum to negatively affect the mucous membranes of the stomach.

Still, in order to alleviate the symptoms of the sore, other drugs are prescribed that do not directly contribute to the cure. For example, in order to save a patient from heartburn, he will be given Almagel, Gaviscon or Phosphalugel.

Diet

A prerequisite for you will be diet. It will consist in the fact that your food will have to be fractional, at least 5-6 times a day, and in small portions. You can not overeat and food should enter the stomach in a carefully chewed form. Or grind it thoroughly before use. Food should be cooked by boiling, baking or steaming. The temperature of the food consumed should be neither cold nor hot, but only comfortable warm temperature. After meal whole hour you can not lie down or make physical efforts that will tense the stomach.

It is very important to detect and treat duodenogastric reflux in time, as it can lead to reflux gastritis in a neglected state.

Each section of the digestive tract is separated by sphincters (pylorus). Their job is to open only one way. As an example, food and absorbed liquid from the esophagus enters the stomach. In normal physiological state reverse process impossible. The same mechanism separates the stomach from the intestines. Reflux duodenitis is a process when the contents of the intestine are thrown into the organ cavity.

During this type of reflux, the alkaline contents of the intestine enter the stomach and irritate its mucosa, causing inflammation. With a long course of the disease, the patient may experience more complex duodenitis-gastric reflux.

Reflux duodenitis appears due to inflammation of the duodenal mucosa. It is also possible that the disease occurs due to anatomical changes in the pylorus itself. In this case, the sphincter is not able to block the passage of the contents of the esophagus into reverse side- to the stomach.

Important: To correct reflux, it is imperative to undergo treatment using not only medications prescribed by a doctor, but also using folk methods, as well as sparing nutrition.

Symptoms and signs of the disease

Signs of the disease are very few and rather blurred. Thus, the patient cannot independently determine which gastrointestinal disease causes his symptoms, which are common to many diseases. digestive system features. Of the symptoms characteristic of reflux duodenitis, there are:

Soreness. Mostly spastic pains occur in the epigastric region. Usually spasms appear after eating. Symptoms are also characteristic of reflux gastritis.
Dyspepsia. It usually manifests itself in the form of heartburn and belching with bad aftertaste or smell. This sign typical for gastritis duodenitis reflux.
Feeling of heaviness. May be accompanied by bloating, as well as excessive gas formation.
Yellow coating on the tongue. Small sores may also appear in the oral cavity associated with mucosal damage due to gastric reflux duodenitis.

Other symptoms may also occur, such as sharp, girdle pain, nausea, and hunger pains. That is why it is worth diagnosing with a qualified doctor and undergoing treatment for duodenitis.

The reasons

There are several possible causes reflux of duodenal contents into the stomach cavity, among them the most common and key are:

Incomplete closure of the pylorus on the border of the duodenum and stomach. Thus, the contents are thrown in the opposite direction.
Chronic form of duodenitis.
High level of pressure in the cavity of the duodenum. by the most common causes This are some diseases, among them cholecystitis, hepatitis and chronic pancreatitis.
Chronic or long-term gastritis.

In medical practice, it is customary to subdivide the causes into two subspecies:

functional;
anatomical.

Functional include disorders that are directly related to the work of the sphincter and give the appropriate symptoms.

The second group includes tumors that are located at the junction of the duodenum and stomach. Tumors and provoke duodenogastric reflux.

It is these factors that provoke complex lesions of that part of the mucous membrane of the organ, which is adjacent to the duodenum.

Important: Under the influence bile acids, salts, pancreatic enzymes and as well as the contents of the duodenum, gastritis develops in the stomach, which is based on chemical-toxic root causes.

Diagnostic Measures

Timely diagnosis is very important for maintaining the health of the patient's digestive system and treating duodenitis. Initially, the doctor probes the patient's abdomen. Palpation of different areas helps to understand the cause of the pain syndrome, and which part of the digestive tract is inflamed.

Particular attention is paid to palpation epigastric region. It is located below the sternum and just above the navel. In the inflammatory process caused by reflux, the patient will feel pain in this area.

Instrumental Research

FGDS - the most important of instrumental studies. Its implementation is mandatory. The procedure allows you to examine the cavity of the organ, esophagus and intestines. For the study, a probe equipped with video equipment is used. The study may reveal the following signs of the disease:

Edema of the mucosa and 12 duodenal ulcer;
Erosions and ulcers of the mucous membranes of the stomach and duodenum;
Atrophy of the mucosa and much more.

Radiography - the second most important among all instrumental methods diagnostics. X-ray examination allows to reveal inflammation and enlargement of the digestive organs, as well as to reveal such signs of the disease as:

Throwing food mass from the duodenum into the stomach;
Narrowed or dilated parts of the intestine;
Edema of the esophagus.

Important: Radiography is more acceptable for both adults and young patients. The procedure is completely painless and does not affect the general condition of the patient.

Also, patients can be prescribed other equally important types of diagnostics, including:

manometry - the procedure used to obtain data on the motility of organs;
biopsy - a procedure in which a tissue scraping sample is taken for a sign of the presence of malignant cells in the organs;

An obligatory part of the diagnosis is the study of the stomach and esophagus. Thus, a problem such as duodeno gastric reflux can be identified.

Laboratory research

There are also several types of laboratory research:

pH - metry - a mandatory study that determines the level of secretion. The patient needs to enter a rubber tube that will take gastric juice. Subsequently, the juice is studied in the laboratory;
a blood test is needed to identify the patient elevated ESR and anemia;
fecal analysis is needed to detect internal hemorrhages, which indicate ulcers or erosion.

After passing all the diagnostic methods prescribed by the doctor, the patient can begin treatment.

Treatment

Treatment of patients diagnosed with reflux duodenitis or gastric reflux duodenitis involves an integrated approach to therapy. In most cases, doctors are able to identify the cause of the disease. It is with the elimination of one or more causes that treatment begins.

Patients should be very careful about the use of any drugs that have not been prescribed by a doctor. These include caffeine, some bile medications, and even aspirin. Before taking, you should mandatory get a doctor's advice.

Traditionally, therapy for duodenitis of gastric reflux and other types of reflux is carried out by means of eliminating the dysfunction of the digestive system and each of its organs separately. Of the drugs that can be prescribed, there are:

painkillers;
enveloping preparations;
proton pump inhibitors;
antacids (drugs against heartburn);
cholinomimetics;
prokinetics and more.

Also, patients are often prescribed drugs that can improve bowel movements.

In addition to these drugs, doctors very often prescribe to patients and alternative methods that can replace some of the tablets and improve general state sick. If the doctor has not prescribed such remedies, the patient can consult with him on this issue on his own, and find out what folk methods will reduce symptoms and speed up recovery.

Folk remedies

Many plants and herbs can help in overcoming the symptoms caused by duodenitis and gastric reflux.

The most efficient and in a safe way treatment of duodenitis is a decoction of flax seed. It is a natural antacid. A decoction can reduce acidity no worse than medicines. Also useful are the following herbs:

lemon balm - normalizes the state of the nervous system;
chamomile - removes inflammation;
wild rose - heals tissues and mucous membranes;
sea buckthorn oil - anesthetizes.

Products with useful properties

Among useful products especially worth highlighting potato juice. The starch contained in the product envelops internal organs gastrointestinal tract and relieves pain syndrome. Juice in fresh You can take it on an empty stomach or right after breakfast.

Dairy products can also relieve the symptoms of reflux and duodenitis. Kefir, milk and non-fat fermented baked milk can help with healing. But the main property of these products is the fight against heartburn. Just a sip of milk can soothe the internal organs and reduce acidity.

Folk methods to the detriment

There are a number of plants, decoctions and compositions of which should in no case be used during the period of inflammation. Among them:

Rowan;
mint;
plantain;
dandelion.

Important: These plants stimulate the production of gastric juice and significantly improve appetite. You can relieve the symptoms of reflux at home, but you need to do this with extreme caution so as not to make yourself worse. The most important thing is to coordinate each method with the doctor, and not start taking any funds without the permission of the treating doctor.

Prevention

The patient must get rid of all the harmful factors that led him to given state. Many components of the usual everyday life will have to be reconsidered.

Food . With duodenitis, it is worth giving Special attention portion sizes. You shouldn't overeat. You need to eat fractionally 5-6 times a day. You can't eat on the go. Snacks should include dairy products, vegetables and fruits and salads. Also, after eating, it is worth giving the body half an hour to digest food. No need to jump, run, lift weights. Also, do not lie down immediately after eating. In this case, heartburn to the patient is almost guaranteed.
Alcohol intake . The amount of alcohol consumed should be reduced, and alcohol should be completely eliminated during treatment. Interestingly, much more harm it is the receptions of strong drinks “on holidays” that are brought to a person. In such cases, a person takes a large amount of alcohol and food, thereby bringing irreparable harm to himself personally.
Smoking . Smoking, like alcohol, is very dangerous for human health. Cigarette smoke affects not only our lungs, but also the digestive system. Heartburn, bloating and the same duodenal and duodenitis gastric type of reflux.
Passive lifestyle. Passive lifestyle takes its toll. Mobility and outdoor activities also keep the digestive system healthy. You need to pay attention and physical activity, which also reduces excess weight, adversely affecting the gastrointestinal tract and the work of the cardiovascular system.
Treatment. If any suspicious and screaming symptoms from the gastrointestinal tract occur, a person should not wait. You need to see a doctor even with mild pain in the epigastric region, heartburn or bloating. All these, at first glance, are enough harmless signs, may lead to more difficult consequences and chronic diseases. It is possible to solve the emerging health problems only with the help of a qualified doctor and timely handling to the clinic.

Duodeno-gastric reflux (DGR) is a disorder of the digestive system, which is accompanied by the ingestion of contents small intestine into the stomach. As a rule, the disease indicates pathological condition one or more organs of the digestive system, however, it is also diagnosed as an independent disease.

Occurring spellings duodeno gastral, duodenal gastral or gastric reflux are not correct.

Independent disease is quite rare - in 30% of cases. Typically, the DGR is concomitant symptom gastrointestinal pathologies: chronic gastritis, ulcerative lesions stomach and duodenum (DPC), gastroduodenitis, duodenitis.

Pathology can also develop as a result surgical intervention- after excision of the gallbladder, suturing perforated ulcers stomach or duodenum.

There are signs of duodenogastric reflux disease and healthy people. In 15% of the population, food from upper divisions intestines can return to the stomach, which does not always mean an abnormal state of the digestive tract.

Most often, casts occur at night and during physical activity, without causing an increase in the level of acidity of the gastric environment and without bringing discomfort.

However, the long course of gastroduodenal reflux is dangerous for the state of the digestive system. Active enzymes contained in bile aggressively affect the walls of the stomach, injuring the protective membrane. Over time, this chemical exposure leads to reflux gastritis - "corrosion" of the protective layer and inflammation of the walls of internal organs.

In addition, the pressure in the stomach increases, and the contents of the intestine can be pushed even further. Unlike conventional GDR (grade 1), when food does not rise above the stomach, grade 2 DGR is characterized by the reflux of duodenal contents into the esophagus (duodeno-gastro-esophageal) or into the oral cavity (duodeno-gastro-esophago-oral reflux).

Symptoms of duodeno-gastric reflux

Why does the disease occur and how does it proceed? Among the leading causes of pathology are:

gastroduodenal stenosis - low patency of the pyloric part of the stomach, narrowing of the outlet leading to the duodenum;
increased pressure in upper area small intestine;
disorder of motor activity of the stomach and duodenum;
chronic inflammatory processes occurring in the gastrointestinal tract (gastritis, stomach ulcers, cancer), as well as prolonged exposure to the mucous adverse factors(smoking, alcohol abuse, long-term medication);
malnutrition;
consequences of surgical intervention;
pregnancy can contribute to the weakening of the esophageal muscles.

Often several factors influence the development of pathology at once.

What are the signs of duodenogastric reflux?

Reveal vivid symptoms diseases are not easy, as they are similar to the manifestations of other pathologies in the activity of the digestive system. Sometimes a person does not feel any discomfort, and the disease is diagnosed randomly when complaining about other problems.

Signals indicating retrograde reflux of duodenal contents into the stomach are:

convulsive pain in the upper abdomen following a meal;
feeling of bloating, fullness of the stomach, increased gas formation;
heartburn and regurgitation with a sour taste;
belching with air;
bitterness in the mouth;
nausea, vomiting (food leftovers with bile);
dense plaque on the tongue of yellow color.

The danger of GDR is that, while asymptomatic, it can provoke complications: gastroesophageal form, reflux gastritis, intestinal metaplasia of the stomach or esophagus, and the growth of cancerous tumors.

The respiratory system also experiences Negative influence: As a result of GHD, some patients develop asthma, bronchitis, and lungs suffer.

All these major changes associated with the aggressive effect of intestinal enzymes and bile on the mucous membrane of the stomach and esophagus, which are subject to chemical burns.

Diagnosis of the disease

Determine GDR by outward signs and patient complaints is not always possible. To exclude similar disorders in the work of the gastrointestinal tract, it is necessary to undergo the procedure of esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EFGDS) - examination of the cavity of the stomach and small intestine with a probe with a special camera. This study helps to establish the state of the mucous membrane, but it itself is capable of provoking GHD.

most accurate diagnostic method to verify the pathology is the daily pH-metry of the gastric environment. Fluctuations in the acidity of gastric juice during the night are carefully analyzed, since they are not associated with meals and physical activity.

The diagnosis of GHD is made if the gastric pH rises above 3. And when examining gastric juice, bile impurities should be detected in it.

Electrogastroenterography and antroduodenal manometry provide information about the motor function of the stomach and duodenum.

Treatment of duodenal gastric reflux

First of all, it is necessary to eliminate accompanying illnesses, resulting in DGR: gastritis, gastroduodenitis, ulcer, duodenitis.

Normalization of the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract is possible only with integrated approach: application medicines, lifestyle changes, rejection of bad habits.

Medical therapy

How to treat gastroduodenal reflux depends on the cause of its occurrence. Usually prescribed drugs such as:

drugs that normalize the peristalsis of the upper gastrointestinal tract (Trimedat);
prokinetics that stimulate motor activity stomach and duodenum and contribute to a better promotion of food through digestive tract(Cerual);
drugs that neutralize the action of bile in the stomach (Rabeprazole, Nexium, Omez);
means that lower the level of acidity of gastric juice, as well as relieve unpleasant symptoms, such as heartburn (Almagel, Maalox).

Duodeno-gastric reflux will have to be treated with both pills and diet:

it is important to observe a diet - it is worth eating at the same time 4-6 times a day, if possible, reduce portions so as not to get used to overeating;
food must be steamed or boiled; allowed to bake in the oven. Fried foods should be completely eliminated from your diet;
optimal temperature prepared food- 35-37 degrees. Too hot or too cold can harm your mucosa;
it is better to eat chopped food or chew it well;
after eating, you can’t lie down, it’s better to take a half-hour-hour walking tour while avoiding heavy loads;
you need to give up products that irritate the mucous membrane - salty, spicy, sour, pickled dishes, smoked meats and canned food, yeast bread, citrus fruits, tomatoes, onions and garlic, soda, coffee;
the diet should be dominated by pureed soups and cereals, lean meat and fish, as well as low-fat milk; helps the promotion of duodenal contents through the intestines, the use of bran, fresh vegetables(except cabbage, cucumbers, black Eyed Peas) and fruits (not sour).

Rejection bad habits- alcohol, smoking - will be an effective step towards recovery.

You should also stop taking unsystematic medicines(especially choleretic and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs - aspirin, ibuprofen, diclofenac) or consult a doctor about their replacement.

Folk recipes

Additional help in treatment of GHD can become traditional medicine:

Herbal tea: St. John's wort, chamomile, yarrow. Proportions are chosen to taste. Take twice a day. Such an infusion helps well with inflammatory processes digestive tract.

Soaked flax seeds. water room temperature pour flax seed (for 1 tbsp - half a glass of water). It is taken on an empty stomach after flax secretes mucus that protects the walls of internal organs.

Smoke leaves help against vomiting (2 tablespoons per half liter of boiling water). Infuse for an hour. Take 50 ml every two hours.

Rue leaves, which can be chewed or added to tea, help restore motor function organs of the gastrointestinal tract.

Please note that folk remedies are not the basis of treatment! First of all, you need to visit a gastroenterologist or therapist!

Prevention of duodenogastric reflux

Improper nutrition and its consequence - obesity provoke the development of GHD. Therefore, keeping your body in good shape and Attentive attitude to the food consumed - the main preventive measures in maintaining your health.

In addition, you should seek professional help in a timely manner in case of unpleasant symptoms, treat diagnosed diseases of the digestive system, listen to the advice of doctors, following their recommendations.