Ergocalciferol (vitamin D2). Ergocalciferol, oil solution In case of impaired renal function

Included in medications

ATH:

A.11.C.C Vitamin D and its derivatives

A.11.C.C.01 Ergocalciferol

Pharmacodynamics:

Compensates for vitamin D deficiency, regulates calcium-phosphorus metabolism. In the body, it forms active metabolites of vitamin D (in particular), which easily penetrate cell membranes and bind in the cells of target organs with special receptors; at the same time, protein synthesis is initiated (a protein that binds calcium, collagen, alkaline phosphatase, and others) and the passage of calcium through the intestinal wall into the blood is facilitated, followed by transport to the tissues.

Under the influence of calcitriol in the bones, the development of cartilage cells in the growth zones is normalized, the synthesis of the protein stroma is activated, the capture of calcium from the blood plasma and its deposition in the form of phosphates, the necessary conditions are created in the kidneys for the reabsorption of calcium, sodium, phosphates, amino acids, citrates in the proximal tubules, at the same time, a normal level of calcium in the plasma is maintained and an obstacle is created to the excessive activity of parathyroid hormone and its phosphaturic action.

 Pharmacokinetics:

When administered orally, it is resorbed in the distal small intestine by 60-90% (with hypovitaminosis - almost completely), it promotes absorption, with a decrease in its intake into the intestine, the intensity and completeness of absorption are sharply reduced. In the lymph and blood plasma, the vitamin circulates as part of chylomicrons and lipoproteins, penetrating into the liver, bones, skeletal muscles, kidneys, adrenal glands, myocardium, and adipose tissue.

It undergoes biotransformation, turning into active metabolites: in the liver - into calcidiol (transport form), in the kidneys - from calcidiol to. It is excreted in the bile into the intestine, from which it is partially reabsorbed; especially long vitamin D and its metabolites are stored in adipose tissue. Half-lifeis 19 days. Elimination through the intestines.

 Indications:
  • Inside: prevention and treatment of rickets, osteomalacia, psoriasis; with tuberculosis of the skin and bones, for the healing of bone tissue after fractures.
  • Outwardly: burns, dermatitis, baby diaper rash; for the prevention and treatment of nipple cracks, improving the healing of scratches and abrasions.

IV.E50-E64.E55.9 Vitamin D deficiency, unspecified

IV.E50-E64.E55 Vitamin D deficiency

XIII.M80-M85.M81.0 Postmenopausal osteoporosis

IV.E50-E64.E55.0 Active rickets

XIII.M80-M85.M84.0 Poor fracture healing

XIII.M80-M85.M84.2 Delayed fracture healing

XIII.M86-M90.M90* Osteopathy in diseases classified elsewhere

Contraindications:

Active form of pulmonary tuberculosis, diseases of the kidneys and liver, peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, organic lesions of the heart and blood vessels, individual intolerance.

 Carefully:

Elderly patients with hypothyroidism.

 Pregnancy and lactation:

Maternal hypercalcemia (associated with long-term vitamin overdose) D during pregnancy) may cause fetal sensitivity to vitamin D , suppression of the function of the parathyroid gland, syndrome of a specific elf-like appearance, mental retardation, aortic stenosis.

 Dosage and administration:

Use in children

Fractionally 500-1000 ME during the 1st year of life, or 50 thousand ME once a week for 8 weeks, or according to an accelerated scheme of 300-400 thousand ME for 10-12 days. Premature, twins and artificially fed children are prescribed from the 2nd week of life up to 600 thousand ME per course. Full-term children are prescribed from 3 weeks of age for prevention up to 300 thousand ME per course.

Rickets treatment:

I degree - 10-15 thousand IU for 30-40 days, the course of treatment requires 500-600 thousand IU;

II degree - 600-800 thousand IU per course of treatment;

III degree - 800 thousand-1 million IU per course of treatment.

adults

Inside, 10-100 thousand IU per day, with lupus erythematosus: 100 thousand IU per day. The course of treatment is up to 6 months.

The highest daily dose: 100 thousand IU.

The highest single dose: 100 thousand IU.

 Side effects:

Central and peripheral nervous system: headache, irritability.

The cardiovascular system: cardiac arrhythmias.

Digestive system: thirst, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, diarrhea.

Musculoskeletal system: arthralgia, ossalgia.

Allergic reactions.

Overdose:

Symptoms chronic overdose: anorexia, pathological demineralization of bones, calcium deposition in blood vessels, heart, kidneys, intestines.

Symptoms acute overdose: fever, headache, arrhythmia, hypercalcemia, proteinuria, leukocyturia, cylindruria.

Treatment: symptomatic, effective dialysis.

 Interaction:

Enhances the action of cardiac glycosides.

The simultaneous use of barbiturates and anticonvulsants reduces the effect of ergocalciferol.

Retinol, tocopherol, pantothenic acid, riboflavin weaken the toxic effect of ergocalciferol.

 Special instructions:

Please note that vitamin D2 has cumulative properties.

With prolonged use, it is necessary to control the concentration of calcium ions in blood plasma and urine.

 Instructions

10 ml - dark glass dropper bottles (1) - cardboard packs
5 ml - dark glass dropper bottles (1) - packs of cardboard.

pharmachologic effect

drug interaction

The effectiveness of ergocalciferol may decrease during treatment with barbiturates or anticonvulsants. Can be used in combination with retinol.

The toxic effect is weakened by vitamin A, tocopherol, pantothenic acid, thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxine.

Thiazide diuretics increase the risk of hypercalcemia.

With hypervitaminosis caused by ergocalciferol, it is possible to increase the action of cardiac glycosides due to the development of hypercalcemia (adjustment of the dose of cardiac glycoside is advisable).

special instructions

With caution, under the supervision of a physician, used in patients with heart disease, in elderly patients. With prolonged use, especially at high doses, a regular study of the calcium content in the blood and urine should be carried out.

1498 0

Ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) and other drugs based on it are often prescribed to strengthen bone tissue. The active component of this drug penetrates into the structure of bone tissue and replenishes all the necessary substances and vitamins in it.

Especially often the drug is prescribed for newborns, who at first need calcium and phosphorus for the full growth of the body.

Ergocalciferol is a drug that has a second name - vitamin D2. This drug is intended for the treatment and prevention of avitaminosis D, as well as hypovitaminosis. The drug belongs to fat-soluble vitamins, and is also a regulator of calcium-phosphorus metabolism.

The drug is produced in the form of drops with an oily structure, which are intended for oral use. Drops are placed in dark glass bottles of 10 and 15 ml. Also, the drug is available in the form of a dragee with a dosage of 500 IU. One package contains 100 pieces.

The composition of the drug includes the following components:

  • active ingredient - ergocalciferol;
  • auxiliary components - refined soybean oil.

Pharmacological profile

Ergocalciferol affects the calcium-phosphorus metabolism that occurs in the human body. Under the influence of certain enzymes, the main constituent element of the drug passes into the state of active metabolites.

These metabolites can freely enter cell tissues through membranes and bind to receptors in them. As a result of these actions, Ergocalciferol enhances the activation of the synthesis of calcium-binding proteins. And also there is an improvement in the penetration of calcium and phosphorus into the intestinal structure.

An increase in the level of calcium in the blood is observed within 12-24 hours after taking the drug. The therapeutic effect occurs after about two weeks and lasts for six months.

Rapid absorption of the main component of the drug occurs in the intestinal walls, partial absorption is observed in the walls of the small intestine. If there is a decrease in bile flow in the intestine, then the absorption process is reduced.

The accumulation of the main constituent element occurs mainly in the composition of bone tissue, in a small amount it may be present in muscle fibers, liver composition, blood composition, small intestine, fatty tissues.

In the liver, the main element of the drug can go into the state of an inactive metabolite - calcifediol, in the kidneys it can go into the state of calcitriol, the active metabolite.

The main excretion of the drug occurs with bile, through the kidneys it is excreted in small quantities.

For what indications is the drug prescribed

Ergocalciferol and preparations based on it are prescribed for oral administration for the purpose of prevention and treatment in cases of calcium and phosphorus deficiency in the following diseases and disorders:

  • rickets;
  • during tetany (convulsions);
  • during disorders of the functioning of the glands of the parathyroid type;
  • in case of occurrence - softening of bone tissue;
  • at ;
  • during treatment of various origins;
  • with lupus erythematosus.

In accordance with the instructions, the drug should not be used in such conditions:

  • with increased sensitivity to vitamin D2;
  • if there is a high level in the body of calcium and phosphorus;
  • during renal osteodystrophy.

With special care and under the strict supervision of doctors, the medication is taken under the following conditions:

  • during active tuberculosis;
  • during sarcoidosis;
  • elderly people aged 60 years and over;
  • pregnant women over the age of 35;
  • during urolithiasis;
  • with renal and heart failure in a chronic form.

How to take and in what dosages

According to the instructions, the medicine should be taken orally. There are 25,000 IU in 1 ml of the oil. One drop from a pipette contains about 700 IU of the active ingredient.

To full-term newborns, medicine is given as a prophylaxis for rickets from the fourth week of life and throughout the first year of life. In the summer period, the medicine is not given. Every day, the child should be given 500-1000 IU of funds.

For premature babies, as well as children who are in adverse climate conditions, the remedy is given from the 14th day of life.

Reception during rickets

During the therapeutic treatment of rickets of the first degree, children are given 10-15 thousand IU daily for about 30-45 days.

During the therapeutic treatment of rickets of the second and third degree, children should be given 600-800 thousand IU of the drug daily for approximately 30-45 days.

During an exacerbation of the disease or recurrence of rickets, therapeutic treatment should be repeated. With repeated treatment, 400 thousand IU are given every day for about 10 days. The subsequent repeated course of treatment can be performed no earlier than 2 months after the first therapy.

Reception in the treatment of diseases of the orthopedic type

People who have various orthopedic disorders and disorders are prescribed 3,000 IU of medication every day for 45 days.

Repeated therapeutic treatment with this drug is carried out no earlier than 3 months after the first course of therapy.

How to take with osteomalacia

Patients who have a history of osteomalacia are prescribed 3,000 IU of the drug per day for 45 days.

Appointment for lupus erythematosus

During lupus erythematosus, the patient is given 100,000 IU of the drug in 24 hours. Patients aged 16 years are given from 25,000 IU to 75,000 IU per day.

Prescribing the drug to pregnant and lactating women

For pregnant women and breastfeeding mothers, the drug is recommended to be given for the preventive treatment of rickets in newborn babies.

The use of the drug is prescribed at 30-32 weeks of pregnancy. Its reception is carried out in a fractional way for 10 days. One course of therapy consists of a total dosage of 400,000-600,000 IU.

For women during breastfeeding, the medicine is given every day at a dosage of 500 IU. Take it until the newborn child begins to take it himself.

Cases of overdose

With hypervitaminosis, namely with an excessive level of vitamin D2, symptoms can be observed that are associated with hypercalcemia.

From the initial symptoms observed:

  • constipation or diarrhea;
  • increased dryness of the oral mucosa;
  • frequent headaches;
  • feeling of thirst;
  • the state of nocturia, pollakiuria, polyuria;
  • anorexia may appear;
  • a state of nausea and the appearance of vomiting;
  • the appearance of a metallic taste;
  • feeling of severe fatigue and asthenia;
  • state of hypercalciuria, hypercalcemia.

Later symptoms may also appear, which is manifested by the following conditions:

  • cloudy urine;
  • pain in the bones;
  • high blood pressure;
  • state of photosensitivity of the eyes;
    feeling sleepy;
  • state of hyperemia, conjunctiva;
  • the occurrence of itching of the skin;
  • the appearance of nausea and vomiting;
  • pancreatitis;
  • drastic weight loss.

During intoxication in a chronic form, the development of arterial hypertension, calcification of soft tissues, lungs, kidneys, blood vessels, problems in the growth of the child, the appearance of cardiovascular and renal failure may occur.

Side effects

When taking the drug in excessive doses, vitamin D2 hypervitaminosis may develop, caused by a high intake of vitamin D. In this case, the following symptoms may occur:

  • a state of nausea;
  • poor appetite;
  • headache;
  • increase in body temperature;
  • there may be changes in laboratory tests, namely the appearance of protein in the urine, leukocytes;
  • in addition, the level of calcium in the blood may increase, calcium deposits may appear in the blood vessels, kidneys, and lungs.

Special instructions and important nuances

When taking Ergocalciferol and its analogues, the following points should be considered:

  • if the medication is prescribed for premature babies, then together with it, phosphates must be introduced into the therapeutic course;
  • since the symptoms and intensity of sensitivity to vitamin D2 is different, some people, even when taking therapeutic doses, may experience the occurrence of hypervitaminosis;
  • in newborns, different sensitivity to the vitamin may be observed; with prolonged use, some children may experience growth retardation;
  • taking the drug is not recommended for people who have hereditary hypophosphatemia and hypoparathyroidism;
  • with prolonged use of the drug in a high dosage, it is recommended to conduct studies on the content of calcium and phosphorus in the urine and blood.
Similar posts