Varieties of the breed Jack Russell Terrier, Parson and Broken, their description and photo. Detailed description of the character of the Jack Russell Terrier breed Dog of the Russell Terrier breed

The Jack Russell Terrier breed is relatively young, the emphasis was on working qualities, and appearance was not important.

As a result, the breed was divided into two types, one of which gained fame in the Old World, the other characteristic features through the efforts of Australian cynologists.
The cost of dogs in puppyhood is quite high, and many unscrupulous people sell a baby that does not meet the breed standard, so be careful when choosing a pet.

Two types of breeding

There are two intrabreed types: Parson and Jack Russell Terrier, differing in height at the withers. More precisely, by the height of the paws, the Parsons look like a full-sized, proportional dog, while the Jacks have short legs. Dogs with short legs were not listed in Europe, they went to shows at the end of the ring, but the fate of the breed was decided by the importation of several individuals to Australia. On this continent, the breed gained wild popularity, and were acquired as companions.

Due to recognition in Australia, the long-standing confusion between the two types has ended, with Parsons even being shown in the Fox Terrier ring and Jackie in the Parson ring. In 2011, the final standard was adopted. It separates these two breeds, clearly limiting the upper limit of growth and the stretch index.

Short-legged dogs of this breed have three types of coat: smooth, hard and medium, intermediate. There is no particular difference between these types, wire-haired individuals need trimming, that is, plucking out wool that has already died. They have a nice moustache and beard on their faces, and in competition with other types in the ring, the rough-haired always win.

Smooth-haired beards do not have, look like a cheerful dog from the movie "The Mask", their short hair does not require special care, but falls out all year round. It is not possible to get rid of sharp, needle-like hairs stuck in clothes.

Recognizing a purebred pet

The cost of dogs in puppyhood is quite high, and many unscrupulous people sell a baby that does not meet the breed standard or is completely obtained from mating non-purebred dogs.

To determine whether a puppy corresponds to the declared breed, it is necessary to carefully examine it.

From a young age

Characteristics of the breed:

White color of almost the entire body, only bright brown or red spots are allowed on the head. On the body, small, single marks are allowed. The white color is important for the life of the terrier, it allows you not to confuse it with a fox.
Black rim around the eyes and dark lips, black nose, very dark eyes.
A neat, cropped or not too long tail, which should not be twisted into a ringlet. The tail is a kind of handle with which the owner can quickly pull the dog out of the hole.
If the baby is rough-haired, then already at the age of one month he has a small beard.
The coat of a smooth-haired puppy should be dense and durable to the touch.
Puppies usually grow unevenly, and at different ages the baby may look ridiculous, but always compact, moderately well-fed and muscular.

The paws are straight and even, the metacarpus is strong, the fingers are gathered into a ball.

The hind limbs are muscular and strong.

The general appearance of the puppy gives the impression of a lively, playful creature with a cheerful and restless character. Temperament is the basis of his breed, so the baby must be a curious and fearless prankster.

Never has

Timid and timid disposition, he cannot be lethargic and fearful;
Light or blue eyes, brown or pink nose;
Crooked front paws;
Humpback or arched back;
Soft or very long coat.

How to determine purebred

The standard describes in detail and clearly the appearance and temperament of an adult pet. Therefore, before acquiring a dog, you can ask the judge at the exhibition to describe the dog for compliance with the breed, or independently check the following points:

A thoroughbred dog should give the impression of an energetic, compact dog, elegantly and harmoniously built.
Height should not exceed thirty centimeters, weight - six kilograms.
The dog should have dark eyes, a black nose, and a dark rim around the eyes.
The neck is strong, of moderate length.
The chest is deep enough that the dog can be clasped with two hands behind the ribs.
The back is strong, even, the loin is slightly convex.
The front legs are straight and strong.
The coat of any type of Jack is hard and dense.
The tail is moderately short and set high.

Where could I buy

Experienced cynologists do not advise buying a puppy or an adult pet in the market or in a pet store. There are several reasons for this, and the most important problem for the buyer can be dog illness. The dog may suffer from either a genetic anomaly, a hereditary disease, or a viral disease that he contracted while in a cage in a crowded place.

A good breeder will never sell puppies to a pet store. Babies should not only be brought up to two months with their mother. A puppy is vaccinated for up to four months, so it remains in quarantine and is at risk of getting sick if it comes into contact with other animals.

Toddlers must learn to live among people and children in order to be able to communicate with them, learn the skills of neatness. A small representative of the breed, sitting in a cage or aviary for the first few months or weeks, loses an important chance to learn a lot of things, acquires bad habits.

Flaws

A potential owner of a true terrier who wants to have a pet of this breed should be aware that these dogs have some character traits that are not pleasant for everyone. This cannot be considered a fault, this is a hunting breed, and everything in it is adapted for hunting, in order to catch up with prey and engage in a fight with the beast.

So, unexpected sides of the breed for a city dog:

A short-haired dog is able to shed in such a way that long-haired breeds envy him;
The need for physical activity in these small dogs is much greater than even in representatives of large breeds;
Jack is quite aggressive towards large size dogs of the same sex;
Dogs, even well-trained ones, never lose their hunting instinct towards cats and other small animals or birds;
An adult dog or puppy will always respond with aggression to a child's attempts to hurt him;
They love to dig holes, they are able to turn a well-groomed lawn into a quarry in a few hours.

All problems in the behavior of the dog originate from the lack of activity of the pet. A few days spent within four walls dramatically change an adequate and cute pet, turning it into a destroyer. These dogs require constant attention, they pull all the emotions of the owners onto their person, leaving no free minute.

Advantages

But these same hunting habits may be the beginning of his positive qualities, which delight the owners of this beautiful breed.

Excessive activity is a plus for lovers of cycling or hiking, long hikes or parkour. A small, jumpy and hardy dog can accompany the owner everywhere, if necessary, she feels great in a bicycle basket or backpack.
A representative of the breed can be an excellent watchdog, they bark loudly at the slightest noise outside the door, they are always happy to stand up for the owner in front of a much larger dog.
A calm attitude towards strangers allows you to safely let him go for a walk with children, whom he will gladly keep company.
The extraordinary friendliness and adoration of all family members give the dog's cheerful disposition the peculiarity of a grateful dog for everything. If the owner dreams of the devotion and great love that his pets should show, then this breed is for him. A dog that lives for its owner, enthusiastically perceives his every action - this is the real Jack.
A dog-ball, constantly in motion, instantly transforming when he sees a cat or a huge dog, and does not close his eyes while one of the owners is awake. They get along equally well in an apartment or in a country house, in a country house, but even a huge plot will not save the owner from daily, tiring walks.

Video

Subtleties of education and maintenance

Principles of education

All puppies need education from the first days, it's hard. The cheerful and charming appearance of the baby provokes concessions to him. The owners must clearly and firmly adhere to the principle: the puppy does not do what an adult dog cannot do. Consistency and patience is what the baby needs.

Feeding a baby and an adult dog

Usually, small energetic terriers are fed ready-made dry food, which is high in protein and low in carbohydrates. The super-premium class of ready-to-eat food guarantees that the baby will have strong bones and teeth, good immunity and a long life.

It is preferable to give the following types:

Royal Canin Jack Russell Adult - especially for dogs of this breed, costs 450 rubles per kilogram.
Eukanuba Breed Specific JackRussel Terrier - created for the Russells, cost: 550 rubles per kilogram.
Akana for small breeds - contains few carbohydrates, rice and oats, fish and meat. It costs 600 rubles per kilogram.

Natural food can be given as feed from the moment of weaning, raw beef, cottage cheese, dairy products, cereals and boiled vegetables are recommended. Tripe, sea fish and offal can diversify the pet's menu.

vaccination schedule

The puppy is given the first vaccination before the change of teeth, preferably up to three months, so after three weeks a second vaccination will be required. Babies are vaccinated with a pentavalent vaccine that protects against common viral infections, and does not put too much stress on a fragile body.

After seven months, the puppy is vaccinated again, then a yearly vaccine against major diseases and rabies is given, which is repeated annually. But if the puppy regularly walks outside the city, then rabies vaccination can be carried out from the age of three months.

Diseases

The good health of dogs of this breed can be undermined by hereditary diseases:

Dysplasia - manifests itself at any age, leads to disability and lameness, can be treated with surgery.
Collie eye syndrome is a disease of the retina, which is manifested by its underdevelopment. Blindness.
Deafness is a congenital, but not interfering with the dog's life, a disease. It is transmitted genetically.

If the potential owner is not intimidated by the difficulties associated with breed characteristics, then purchasing a puppy will be an amazing and positive experience. A restless kid will turn a calm and boring life into an adventure full of surprises.

The need for loads

Representatives of the breed perfectly adapt and can feel comfortable both in a city apartment and in a country house. However, he will need daily exercise and long walks, at least 2 hours a day. At least once a week they need a serious load: hunting, sports, active games like Frisbee.

The main cause of hyperactivity and a complex character in the family is a sedentary lifestyle. Give your dog a workout - physical, emotional and mental - and the behavior problems will go away.

They love to dig, in a country house it is better to allocate a site for a pet where he can excavate. This is a more effective way than trying to wean your pet from a bad habit.

Each description of the breed mentions how jumpy they are. They can easily overcome a fence 1.5 meters high, so even on the site of a private house they will need constant supervision. It is better to build a spacious aviary for the pet and make a booth insideso that he can be on the street for as long as he wants.

flying dog

Jack was awarded this nickname not by chance: hovering in the air while catching flying saucers, sticks and balls is a dog's favorite pastime.

If you are not ready to play, run and train your pet from morning till night, buy a puppy of a calmer breed.

We must try to anger the naturally peaceful Jack Russell. On a walk, he will not become the instigator of a dog fight and will support any outdoor games with children.

It easily settles in both urban and suburban housing, not forgetting to periodically "let off steam" in nature.

Representatives of the breed adapt to any climate: in summer they frolic under the sun, in winter they rush through fluffy snow and are not afraid of frost.

Appearance

Thanks to the coarse outer hair, it is capable of self-cleaning: two centuries ago, no one washed burrowing dogs, and breeders deliberately selected terriers with coarse hair.

If dog fur care is not in your plans, take a puppy with a smooth coat. Wirehaired are suitable if you suffer from allergies.

You will not notice the shedding of your pet if you regularly pluck out dying hairs. Afraid not to cope - contact the master who knows how to do trimming.

The coat is combed out once a week, alternately using combs with sparse or often spaced teeth.

After walking in forests and squares, the wool is examined in search of insects. As a preventive measure, use a special anti-flea collar, treat the coat with flea and tick preparations.

Wash the dog once a month or before going to the exhibition.

How often a dog needs to be trimmed is a very individual question. It all depends on the dog itself, on the time of year and on the goals pursued by the owner. Pets that do not participate in exhibitions should be trimmed once every 6 months. However, the pet is unlikely to have a well-groomed appearance. Half of that time it will be either hairless or overgrown. Over such a long period, the wool overripes and is completely removed.

So that your eyes do not become inflamed, wipe them with a cotton pad (not cotton wool), after wetting it in weakly brewed tea.

Teeth are brushed 2-3 times a week with dog toothpaste using a brush or finger attachment.

Adding a slice of tomato to your diet will prevent tartar formation.

Make sure that the items that your pet tries by mouth do not hurt his gums.

Examine the auricles, gently wiping them once every 7 days with a damp cloth and trying not to touch the eardrum.

After walking the dog, they are thoroughly washed or cleaned with a damp cloth.

Trim nails with a nail cutter no more than 1-2 times a month. At the end of the pedicure, the cut edges are processed with a nail file.

To make life with a dog enjoyable for both of you, remember that these dogs require serious physical and mental stress. Getting a dog of this breed - you should be able to walk daily for a long time and actively walk with your pet. Walking for 10 minutes around the house is not an option for this breed. The pet will find where to put the energy in the apartment! Count on at least two hourly walks a day with an adult dog, during the walk the dog should actively move and play.

Characteristics of the breed Jack Russell Terrier

4.7 (93.33%) 12 votes

Alexandra (Veterinarian)

Jack Russell Terrier

Tue, 12/31/1799 - 12:00

Lifespan

The Jack Russell Terrier is a mixture of irrepressible energy, intelligence and hunting talent. The standards of this breed provide for a fairly "compact" animal, the height of which reaches 25-37 cm and weighs 5-7 kg. The life expectancy of a dog is 10-15 years. The predominant color is white with funny red, brown or black spots. According to the structure of wool, the breed is divided into three types - smooth-haired, wire-haired and intermediate. Incredibly cheerful, restless and cheerful breed!

History of the breed

The breed was created by John Russell in Great Britain in the first half of the 19th century. The English pastor, nicknamed Jack, was a gambling and avid fox hunter. Therefore, in his breeding work on the breed, he tried to combine the qualities that would be highly manifested in hunting - dexterity, speed and intelligence. There is an interesting fact that in 1977 a courageous dog breed Jack Russell with a name that speaks for itself - "Vampire" destroyed a whole ton of rats in the UK. Therefore, we can say with confidence that the creation turned out to be surprisingly successful!

Appearance

The Jack Russell Terrier is a small, agile and active rectangular dog. A strong chest, a strong neck and a wide skull are quite pronounced. The eyes are small, almond-shaped, mostly dark in color. Important proportional characteristics of the breed standard are: the animal is more stretched in length than in height; weight should be distributed in the equivalent of 1 kg per 5 cm of height; the depth of the body from the withers to the sternum is equal to the length of the front leg from the elbow to the ground.

Character and temperament

Everyone remembers the adventures of the lively and funny dog Milo from the Hollywood comedy blockbuster "The Mask". So, if there is a Jack Russell Terrier dog nearby, you will definitely not get bored! It is always a leader, assistant and companion. Shares the apartment well enough with other pets. Usually perfectly adapts to the rhythm of its owner. But this cheerful and energetic dog is most ideal for lovers of an active lifestyle. Jack Russell will be extremely grateful to you for long walks.

Health and disease

The Jack Russell Terrier breed almost always boasts good physical condition and good health. Typical for representatives of this breed are: diseases of the musculoskeletal system, hip dysplasia, Legg-Perthes disease, congenital deafness. The eyes are the most vulnerable part of Jack Russell. Timely access to a qualified veterinarian will help prevent the progression of diseases. The story of a dog named Boti is known. In 1979, her owners went on a three-year expedition to Antarctica and the Arctic. The cold didn't stop Boti from having fun. She played with a ball, had fun chasing penguins. They even made her a woolen coat and a knitted hat. Back in the UK, Boti was named Animal of the Year for her invincible spirit!

In maintenance and care, the Jack Russell Terrier is quite unpretentious. This breed is self-sufficient in terms of appearance, the animal's skin can self-clean. Therefore, you will need a hard brush in hair care about once a week. Sufficient attention should be paid to the cleanliness of Jack Russell's ears and teeth. Special cotton swabs and dog toothbrushes will help with this. You also need to monitor the condition of your pet's skin, periodically changing the flea collar. Nail care should also be timely. This breed of dog feels good in any circumstances. Both in a spacious meadow and in a city apartment. Sufficient exercise is the key to a healthy animal!

training, training

If this joyful and surprisingly active dog with a bright temperament appeared in your house, you can immediately build partnerships. The order of education and training must be drawn up competently and correctly. For the Jack Russell Terrier breed, this is of tremendous importance. The dog will be happy to learn new tricks and demonstrate them perfectly. Little Jack Russell is ready for training already at 8-10 weeks of age. The advice of qualified specialists will help you raise a worthy representative of this interesting breed. In 2011, the trick of a dog from Australia named Anastasia was listed in the Guinness Book of Records. This nimble and hyperactive Jack Russell popped 100 balloons in 44.49 seconds!

The ideal feeding schedule for a Jack Russell Terrier dog is a two-time and balanced feeding schedule. The basis of the diet of an adult dog should be animal products such as meat and milk. The breed belongs to the third FCI group of small terriers. To keep your pet in good physical shape, the daily intake of food should be 3-5% of the dog's weight. A convenient food option is dry vitamin food with a balanced content of useful components. Sweets are taboo for this dog.

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1 October 2014

The Jack Russell Terrier is a small cheerful daredevil that appeared in the 19th century.

Photo: Jack Russell Terrier with a toy.

Origin of the Jack Russell Terrier

The breed got its name from the name of the creator - a priest from the English county of Devonshire, John (Jack) Russell. He was a very educated and active person. He has always been passionate about hunting, horses and dog breeding. While still quite young, Russell was engaged in breeding fox terriers and achieved considerable success in this.

As an avid fox hunter, John dreamed of breeding burrowing dogs, reminiscent of fox terriers, but more hardy and agile. The breeder paid attention exclusively to the hunting qualities of dogs, the appearance and uniformity of the breed did not bother him much.

John Russell's basic breeding principles:

a new terrier can have any coat and any color;
the uniformity of terriers is not necessary;
the most important characteristics are: height, jaw, chest size.

Russell tried to keep his breeding activities a secret, but managed to find out that he crosses fox terriers with bull terriers and beagles. The resulting hybrids had increased aggressiveness to game and excellent hunting qualities, and also had endurance. All this made the new breed popular. Plus, dogs have shown themselves to be excellent rat-catchers.

The hybrids obtained by Russell were very different from the fox terriers and were separated into a separate breed. Followers of the Devonshire priest continued to crossbreed terriers with dogs of other breeds. Modern representatives of the breed are different from their ancestors. They are more graceful, have short limbs and are distinguished by intelligence and hot temperament.

Description of the breed

Height at the withers: females and males - 24-31 cm. Weight: females and males - 4.5-7 kg. The average life expectancy is 15 years.

Jack Russell Terriers are small, lean dogs with a rectangular, muscular, flexible body. They have a powerful neck and deep chest. The skull is medium in size, flat, with a fairly pronounced transition to the muzzle. The eyes are small, shiny, dark in color. The tip of the nose is black. The ears are small, erect, with curved tips. The tail of medium length raised up.

By type of coat, terriers are distinguished:

shorthaired;
long-haired;
medium wool.

Permissible color is white with black and brown spots.

Photo of Jack Russell Terrier.

Jack Russell Terrier with a flower.

Young Jack Russell Terrier.

Character

Differs in independent character and temperaments. Needs training from the first days of the appearance in the house. Jack Russell Terrier is a pronounced individualist.

Ideal as a companion for active people and families with children. Loyal to their owners. These are very affectionate dogs that love to be stroked and picked up. They do not tolerate loneliness and inattention of the owners.

With proper upbringing, they get along well with other pets.

Photo: Happy Jack Russell Terrier.

Cute Jack Russell Terrier.

From the first days in a new family, a puppy should have its own place. You also need to buy toys, otherwise the pet will tear everything it finds.

This is a very active dog, so long walks and exercise are necessary.

Terriers need regular brushing, bathing, and cleaning of their ears and mouth. You can bathe once every ten days, but without using shampoo, which can dry out the skin. It is necessary to ensure that during bathing water does not get into the ears, otherwise the dog may get otitis media.

Jack Russell Terrier is a fairly healthy breed, but sometimes prone to such diseases as: deafness, eye diseases, joint diseases.

The simplest description of the Jack Russell Terrier breed, which owners often resort to, is “Like in the movie The Mask.” And although the film was released 20 years ago, it is Milo, the restless companion of the Mask, that many people strongly associate with this breed.

Since then, many Russian celebrities have managed to acquire such favorites, including Alina Kabaeva and Mikhail Galustyan, Philip Kirkorov and Oleg Deripaska. Restless and playful, the Jack Russell is becoming more popular every year.

Characteristic:

Suitable for beginners		The need for walking
Puppy price (average)		quick wits
Love for the owner		Love for games
Getting along with cats		wool in the house
Barking for no reason		The complexity of the breed as a whole
Ease of maintenance		Security qualities
How healthy		Ability to train

recent history

Having appeared as a result of crossing Parson Jack Russell Terriers with Dachshunds and Welsh Corgis, the Jack Russell Terrier turned out to be short-legged and not as swift as its ancestors. But it is better suited for foot hunting, it works more effectively on fox and badger.

The first representatives of the breed appeared in Russia in 1998, in 2000 the first pair was registered in the RKF. And in 2001, the breed was recognized by the FCI, and the first Jack Russell litter appeared in Russia, registered by the Russian Cynological Federation.

In 2003, the National Club of Russell Terrier Breeds appeared, at the same time the first National Dog Show was held.

Exterior

It is a strong, muscular and flexible dog. Her movements are expressive and testify to a lively temperament. The picture is complemented by a smart and insightful look, indicating high intelligence.

The Jack Russell Terrier was bred for hunting, so the standard requires the presence of those qualities that he needs to fully perform his duties. Equally important is temperament, the spirit of a true terrier, which must be conveyed by movements, and expression of the eyes, and all behavior in the show ring.

There are three varieties that differ in the type of wool: wire-haired, smooth-haired and intermediate.

Pictured is a rough-haired Jack Russell Terrier.

The main color of the Jack Russell is white, so that the hunter can easily distinguish the dog from the predatory animal. Spots of red and black may be scattered all over the body, but it is desirable that the mask on the head be symmetrical. Good pigmentation is required: the nose is necessarily black, the eyes are dark.

The skull is flat, tapering from the occiput to the eyes; the stop is prominent but not pronounced. The muscles of the cheeks are well developed, the jaws are strong, a scissor bite is required.

Ears can be either hanging or held on cartilage (the so-called "buttons"). Regardless of the structure, they are very mobile and convey the full range of emotions experienced by the terrier.

The tail can hang down when at rest, but when moving it is carried vertically. May be bought.

The smooth coat of the Jack Russell Terrier. Male Percival Jetton, breeder I. Koritsyna, photo taken in Moscow, after a monobreed show in 2010

The body is of medium length, while the loin is short, strong and muscular. The chest is deep, but not broad. The elbows are under the body, the shoulders are long, the angle of the shoulder joint is well defined.

The gait of dogs of this breed is described as springy and free.

The ideal height is 25-30 cm, the optimal weight is calculated according to the formula "1 kg of weight per 5 cm of height", is 5-6 kg.

A serious defect is a sluggish temperament that does not reflect the essence of the terrier. We have a separate article about the character of Jack Russells - you can find a link to it at the bottom of this page.

Working qualities

Russell Terriers were bred for hunting foxes and badgers, but at present they can be safely considered universal hunters. The main task for which they were bred is to find a hole and drive out or pull the animal out to a flock of hounds. But they also work great on the blood trail, they can track down large ungulates (deer or roe deer), and also bring game from water or from thickets.

Care

Weekly care consists of combing with a brush, you can additionally use a massage glove to stimulate blood circulation in the skin and improve the quality of the coat.

It is also necessary to brush your teeth and ears weekly, as you grow -.

Wool has the property of self-cleaning: dried dirt is poured from the dog, white wool retains its whiteness. Therefore, there is no need to wash the pet, frequent washing only worsens the valuable property of the coat to clean itself.

The need for physical activity

Jack Russell Terrier adapts perfectly and can feel comfortable in a city apartment and in a country house. However, he will need daily exercise and long walks, at least 2 hours a day. At least once a week they need a serious load: hunting, sports, active games like Frisbee.

The main reason for the hyperactivity and complex nature of Jack Russell in the family is a sedentary lifestyle. Give your dog a workout—physical, emotional, and mental—and the behavior problems will go away.

They love to dig, in a country house it is better to allocate a site for a pet where he can excavate. This is a more effective way than trying to wean a Jack Russell from a bad habit.

Every description of the Jack Russell Terrier breed mentions how bouncy they are. They can easily overcome a fence 1.5 meters high, so even on the site of a private house they will need constant supervision. It is better to build a spacious aviary for your pet with a warm booth so that he can be outside for as long as he wants.

We wrote about the training of these kids, and now we invite you to watch the video from our channel:

Here, a Polish girl demonstrates many of the tricks she taught her dog.

Health

When buying a Jack Russell Terrier, you need to look not only at the price of a puppy, but you need to learn more about the health of the parents, ask the breeder about the availability of appropriate certificates.

The main hereditary diseases characteristic of Jack Russell Terriers

displacement of the eye lens;
progressive retinal atrophy;
Late onset ataxia (ataxia) is a disease characteristic of the Jack Russell Terrier breed, characterized by impaired coordination of movements and loss of balance. Ataxia is a progressive disease that manifests itself at a fairly young age. Sick animals rarely live longer than two years. Therefore, it is highly desirable that both parents have certificates that they are not carriers of the defective gene.

In the livestock are also found:

Legg-Calve-Perthes disease affecting the head of the femur;
dislocation of the kneecap;
von Willebrand disease.

But in general, they are healthy and energetic dogs, living up to 15 years. To avoid possible health problems, it is necessary to carefully choose a breeder who is not concerned with the number of puppies sold, but with the quality of the resulting offspring.

Jack Russell Terrier is not the most common breed in the CIS, but every year there are more and more owners of these charming and active dogs. It was such a smart dog that got a memorable role in the famous comedy with Jim Carrey "The Mask". In the USA, these dogs have long become one of the favorite breeds, because they are convenient to keep in apartments and are not afraid to start in a family with children. And although they are not as graceful and graceful as Dobermans, they are not particularly beautiful as decorative breeds, they are not as convincing as guards as a German Shepherd, but they are very funny and mischievous four-legged friends, as well as tireless and fearless hunters.

Jack Russell Terrier: the history of the breed

This breed of dog is considered relatively young. She is only 200 years old. This type of terrier was bred in Great Britain. The Jack Russell Terrier breed was named after its breeder. The purpose of creating this dog was quite pragmatic - hunting. The new one was planned as ideal for hunting fox, hare, raccoon and other small animals, as well as for penetration into their holes. His task is to drive the beast out or drag it in with a strong grip.

Also, these dogs are effective in tracking down prey, even a wild boar, show their abilities in hunting game birds, can get shot ducks out of the water, and they are also recognized masters in catching rodents that can even compete with cats. And all this is in the blood of the animal, which constantly boils and rages, therefore it is necessary to teach the dog to control his instincts, directing them in a different direction. Fox Terriers have similar skills, but Pastor John Russell enhanced his dog's hunting qualities by mixing the terrier with fighting breeds.

In the CIS, the Jack Russell Terrier appeared quite recently, around the end of the 1990s. The first national kennel club specializing in this breed was registered in 2003. It brought together fans of Jack Russell Terriers, their breeders and owners. Today, with the growing popularity and distribution of the breed, the number of nurseries and clubs has also expanded significantly. Most of them are concentrated in Russia, Belarus and Ukraine.

What is special about the Jack Russell Terrier breed? Photos of different dogs that can be seen on the network have common specific external features. Having paid the most attention to the development of the necessary qualities, the breeder did not pay any attention to the exterior of the new hunter. His appearance was formed as if by itself, but it looks especially interesting and charming.

Jack Russell Terrier - breed description

This is a small dog, its height is only 25-30 cm at the withers. The physique is distinguished by a slight disproportion due to short legs. The weight of an adult standard individual reaches a maximum of 5-6 kg. The coat color is dominated by white, but there may also be patches of black, red and brown. The Jack Russell Terrier breed includes three varieties that differ in coat texture. So, representatives of this breed may be or have broken hair.

The body of the dog is rectangular in shape, it is strong and flexible, has a deep chest and a fleshy, strong neck. The head is moderately flat, wide at the temples, narrowed towards the jaws. The muzzle has a clear transition from the forehead. The eyes are small, dark, with an attentive expression and mischievous brilliance. The Jack Russell Terrier breed standard has black pigmentation on the eyelids and nose, small erect ears with tips slightly lowered to the ear canal. Jack Russell Terrier puppies are born with tails, but docking is recommended, although this is not essential, solely at the request of the owner.

The nature of these dogs can also be considered their feature. They are reliable companions, get along well with children, become attached to the owner for life, and are also distinguished by mobility and playfulness. Most likely, it is the cheerful disposition that attracts so much in this breed.

dog character

Indeed, hunting passion cannot be taken away from them, as well as courage. Cheerful, charismatic, agile, quick-witted - all these are the main features that the Jack Russell Terrier received from nature. The description of this breed cannot do without a story about the internal qualities of its representatives, for which they are especially loved. The dog is notable for its harmlessness and friendliness to people.

To a person, the Jack Russell Terrier, whose breed description includes a whole set of excellent hunting qualities, is not at all aggressive. That is why it can be safely started as a pet for children. In addition to being safe with such a friend, he will be happy to keep a company for outdoor games on the street. The breed is suitable for a child between the ages of 10-12 years old. He already understands his responsibility for the pet, is ready to deal with him and is able to take care of him. But the help of a parent is still required.

The Jack Russell Terrier can be a great partner for morning runs. In general, this breed is very fond of athletes for their temper. He is wary of strangers, but not aggressive. The Jack Russell Terrier is also excellent as a watchdog. It will defend its own territory day and night, despite its not particularly intimidating appearance. These are the real smarties in the dog world. They understand everything and are able to remember many commands.

Character flaws

An important feature of Russells is that they like to be in the spotlight at all times. Therefore, they attract him as soon as they can. If they start playing, it is difficult for them to calm down, even after a few hours. The disadvantage of the breed can also be called the inability to constantly live on the street. Jack Russell Terrier loves warmth, his coat is short, therefore, in the cold season, in our climate, he freezes.

It is worth noting the extraordinary cunning and resourcefulness of the representative of this breed. The owner will have to study his character in order to be more cunning. Due to the hunting temperament, the reaction to other animals can be unpredictable. Good training eliminates the problem of chasing cats, it is even possible for them to live together in the same family.

How to choose a puppy?

If you decide to acquire such a miniature four-legged friend, are ready to give him enough attention and time, spare no effort for joint active pastime, then there is no need to look for obstacles to your happy reunion. Before you get yourself such a dog, you need to take into account the opinions of the whole family, because this is not just a pet, but a new inhabitant of the house, and with a very specific character. If no one is against his appearance, it remains to choose a puppy and plunge into the worries associated with care and upbringing.

It is best to look for a dog in a specialized kennel. This is the only way to be sure that Jack Russell Terrier puppies are purebred, healthy and meet the standards of their breed. This approach ensures the possibility of participating in exhibitions in the future. For this purpose, dogs with RKF metrics are suitable. Carefully study the pedigree of the baby. If possible, look at his parents, because when the puppy grows up, he will look like them.

When faced with a choice of when to settle on one of several options, of course, you can rely solely on your own feelings. But still, the voice of reason should not be ignored either. If you already liked the Jack Russell Terrier breed, the price of purebred representatives of which is quite high, try not to miscalculate and take your choice seriously. The cost of a puppy depends on its qualities, class and pedigree. From the hands of the owners, you can buy yourself a dear friend even for $ 200. Prices in nurseries are higher - from 200 to 1000 USD. e. A representative of the show class will cost even more - about 1300 - 1500 US dollars.

Puppy temperament and health

What should be a Jack Russell Terrier puppy? The description of the breed gives a clear idea of its appearance and character. Even at a young age, he should not be cowardly, withdrawn, apathetic, and even more so aggressive. These qualities are not characteristic of this type of terrier, therefore, if you notice their presence when meeting a puppy, it is better to abandon it and look for a more typical one in habits. Quality Jack Russell Terrier puppies are active, inquisitive, cheerful and playful.

Temperament is sorted out, but physical health also needs to be controlled as much as possible. An examination will help to do this when meeting a dog. A healthy puppy has a wet and shiny nose. Its humidity should be natural, without secretions unusual for dogs. The coat is clean - do not hesitate to look even under the tail to make sure that the puppy is fine with digestion and stool. Feel each bone of the tail to make sure there are no kinks and fractures, as well as the ribs - they should be even, without tubercles. Feel the stomach - in a healthy dog it is elastic. Look at the correct bite and the presence of a complete dentition, in accordance with age.

Content Features

The temperament of this dog is restless, therefore it needs long walks and sports loads. It is vital for her to expend her seething energy somewhere. These features of the Jack Russell Terrier breed must be considered before getting a pet at home. This dog is not for everyone. For people who are limited in time and prefer a quiet lifestyle, such characteristics look like minuses of the Jack Russell Terrier breed. Perhaps this is so, because in the face of a dog you find a demanding and constantly naughty child. Therefore, the main wish in education and maintenance is that this dog needs to be truly loved and live on the same wavelength with it.

The breed of owners is not created for the lazy, this is confirmed. Do not forget that he is a hunter at heart and needs to satisfy his instincts. Therefore, fresh air and movement are the main things that the Jack Russell Terrier needs. Breeders say that their pets are very trainable. A favorite activity for such a dog is to run, jump, carry objects on command, dig holes in the ground. If she does not get such an opportunity, it is quite possible that she will start doing dirty tricks at home. But there is no one to blame but yourself for this.

Training and education

The Jack Russell Terrier dog breed has a specific character that needs to be brought up from an early age. Training is very important for this breed, if you do not want to get a completely independent and uncontrollable dog. For beginner dog breeders, the best option is to ask a professional for guidance. As soon as the puppy appeared in the house, there is no time to waste, but to start training immediately, instill in him good habits and stop inappropriate ones.

Before a puppy finds a new home, its owners must prepare in advance for its move. The first thing to take care of is the place where the new family member will live. Take him your own corner, which you will introduce immediately and accustom gradually, daily. Also do not be stingy to buy a puppy a few toys. Let him gnaw them better than furniture or slippers. Trainers also recommend avoiding playing with the dog with his own hands, but only holding some object that he will regard as a toy. Otherwise, he will develop a habit of biting involuntarily, which will be a very unpleasant omission in education when the puppy turns into an adult dog, and small teeth become sharp fangs.

And in general, attempts to bite should be stopped from the very beginning. The dog must understand that the use of teeth in relation to a person is unacceptable. Even if you perceive your puppy as a child, do not allow weaknesses and a condescending attitude towards his puppy pranks. What you can teach him in childhood will remain with him forever, it is unlikely that he will be able to re-educate. The dog must understand who is in charge in the house, and put up with it, without claiming a dominant role in the family.

In training, use persistence and moderate severity. There is no need to talk about the fact that a dog cannot be beaten. This rule applies to all breeds. Jack Russell Terrier is very responsive to affection and praise, therefore, using them correctly, you can achieve a lot. The main commands that the owner is obliged to teach are “fu”, “next”, “to me”, “sit”, “place”, “lie down”, “fetch”, “give”. Be prepared for attempts to evade the execution of commands and tricks for the sake of getting a treat for "just like that." Be patient, act confidently and perseveringly until you achieve results.

Features of care

The dog of this breed is very clean, while it does not need special care for the coat. Only once a week, and less often, you need to comb it with a stiff brush. Despite the fact that the color is dominated by white, the pet will not cause trouble due to pollution. Its coat has the ability to self-clean. Of course, if you go for a walk after the rain, it is possible that you will come home, to put it mildly, not snow-white. In this case, you can bathe the Jack Russell Terrier. In everyday life, without real need, you can limit yourself to bathing once or twice a year. To do this, use warm water and dog shampoo. In general, this is almost an ideal dog for apartment maintenance in terms of hygiene, since it does not even emit the smell characteristic of many other breeds.

Ears and teeth are areas that the Jack Russell Terrier needs regular cleaning and inspection. For the ears, it is recommended to use cotton buds, and for the teeth, a special dog toothbrush. Many dog breeders ignore these procedures. But those who care about the health and well-being of their pet will definitely follow the advice and will not be too lazy to spend a few minutes every one or two weeks for this.

The Jack Russell Terrier does not require any supernatural care or nutrition. He is completely unpretentious in food, but it is important to take into account his tendency to be overweight, so you need to pay attention to the diet and not allow the dog to pass. It is enough to feed her twice a day. Natural food is preferred. You can use dry food, but only very high quality with a complex of vitamins and essential trace elements. If you have the opportunity to choose, then, of course, stop at natural whole foods.

The life expectancy of terriers is about 13-16 years. But such a result can be achieved with proper care, good nutrition and optimal conditions that are required for this particular breed.

breed breeding

Many are interested in the question of how to breed dogs such as the Jack Russell Terrier. The description of the breed gives a clear idea of how a standard individual should look and behave. Breeding makes sense if you have a classic representative of the breed that fully meets the requirements and characteristics, has documents from the cattery and a good pedigree. Such a bitch can not only become a pet, but also bring a decent profit to the owners, than fully pay for their maintenance.

At first glance, there is nothing complicated in this. In fact, such a business is quite laborious and requires certain investments, time and effort. As a partner for your beauty, it is best to choose a male from a kennel or breeding club. Breeders who work or are there will help with the choice of a male, and with practical advice on the characteristics of mating.

A more active breed than this is not known to mankind. In this compact inquisitive creature, it is as if a micromotor is hidden, which does not give a minute of peace. The Jack Russell Terrier is no ordinary dog. This is a real source of joy, energy and pranks. He is ready to jump up and start playing at any time of the day, as long as there is a company. At the same time, it is not so important for him with whom to frolic, with a child, an adult or other dogs, at home, on a walk in the park or at the stadium. Inexhaustible energy, constant positive and restless passion for entertainment - this is what awaits the owner of the Jack Russell Terrier.